1
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Walker MA, Tian R. NAD metabolism and heart failure: Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 195:45-54. [PMID: 39096536 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide provides the critical redox pair, NAD+ and NADH, for cellular energy metabolism. In addition, NAD+ is the precursor for de novo NADP+ synthesis as well as the co-substrates for CD38, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and sirtuins, thus, playing a central role in the regulation of oxidative stress and cell signaling. Declines of the NAD+ level and altered NAD+/NADH redox states have been observed in cardiometabolic diseases of various etiologies. NAD based therapies have emerged as a promising strategy to treat cardiovascular disease. Strategies that reduce NAD+ consumption or promote NAD+ production have repleted intracellular NAD+ or normalized NAD+/NADH redox in preclinical studies. These interventions have shown cardioprotective effects in multiple models suggesting a great promise of the NAD+ elevating therapy. Mechanisms for the benefit of boosting NAD+ level, however, remain incompletely understood. Moreover, despite the robust pre-clinical studies there are still challenges to translate the therapy to clinic. Here, we review the most up to date literature on mechanisms underlying the NAD+ elevating interventions and discuss the progress of human studies. We also aim to provide a better understanding of how NAD metabolism is changed in failing hearts with a particular emphasis on types of strategies employed and methods to target these pathways. Finally, we conclude with a comprehensive assessment of the challenges in developing NAD-based therapies for heart diseases, and to provide a perspective on the future of the targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Walker
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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2
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Migaud ME, Ziegler M, Baur JA. Regulation of and challenges in targeting NAD + metabolism. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00752-w. [PMID: 39026037 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00752-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, in its oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms, is a reduction-oxidation (redox) co-factor and substrate for signalling enzymes that have essential roles in metabolism. The recognition that NAD+ levels fall in response to stress and can be readily replenished through supplementation has fostered great interest in the potential benefits of increasing or restoring NAD+ levels in humans to prevent or delay diseases and degenerative processes. However, much about the biology of NAD+ and related molecules remains poorly understood. In this Review, we discuss the current knowledge of NAD+ metabolism, including limitations of, assumptions about and unappreciated factors that might influence the success or contribute to risks of NAD+ supplementation. We highlight several ongoing controversies in the field, and discuss the role of the microbiome in modulating the availability of NAD+ precursors such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), the presence of multiple cellular compartments that have distinct pools of NAD+ and NADH, and non-canonical NAD+ and NADH degradation pathways. We conclude that a substantial investment in understanding the fundamental biology of NAD+, its detection and its metabolites in specific cells and cellular compartments is needed to support current translational efforts to safely boost NAD+ levels in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Migaud
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
| | - Mathias Ziegler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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3
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Perryman R, Chau TW, De-Felice J, O’Neill K, Syed N. Distinct Capabilities in NAD Metabolism Mediate Resistance to NAMPT Inhibition in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2054. [PMID: 38893173 PMCID: PMC11171005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) cells require high levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to fuel metabolic reactions, regulate their cell cycle and support DNA repair in response to chemotherapy and radiation. Inhibition of a key enzyme in NAD biosynthesis, NAMPT, has demonstrated significant anti-neoplastic activity. Here, we sought to characterise NAD biosynthetic pathways in GBM to determine resistance mechanisms to NAD inhibitors. GBM cells were treated with the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 with and without NAD precursors, and were analysed by qPCR, Western blot and proliferation assays (monolayer and spheroid). We also measured changes in the cell cycle, apoptosis, NAD/NADH levels and energy production. We performed orthoptic xenograft experiments in athymic nude mice to test the efficacy of FK866 in combination with temozolomide (TMZ). We show that the expression of key genes involved in NAD biosynthesis is highly variable across GBM tumours. FK866 inhibits proliferation, reduces NAD levels and limits oxidative metabolism, leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest; however, this can be reversed by supplementation with specific NAD precursors. Furthermore, FK866 potentiates the effects of radiation and TMZ in vitro and in vivo. NAMPT inhibitors should be considered for the treatment of GBM, with patients stratified based on their expression of key enzymes in other NAD biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Perryman
- John Fulcher Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK (K.O.)
| | | | | | | | - Nelofer Syed
- John Fulcher Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK (K.O.)
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4
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Velma G, Krider IS, Alves ETM, Courey JM, Laham MS, Thatcher GRJ. Channeling Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) to Address Life and Death. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5999-6026. [PMID: 38580317 PMCID: PMC11056997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in NAD+ biosynthesis via salvage of NAM formed from catabolism of NAD+ by proteins with NADase activity (e.g., PARPs, SIRTs, CD38). Depletion of NAD+ in aging, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders is addressed by NAD+ supplementation. Conversely, NAMPT inhibitors have been developed for cancer therapy: many discovered by phenotypic screening for cancer cell death have low nanomolar potency in cellular models. No NAMPT inhibitor is yet FDA-approved. The ability of inhibitors to act as NAMPT substrates may be associated with efficacy and toxicity. Some 3-pyridyl inhibitors become 4-pyridyl activators or "NAD+ boosters". NAMPT positive allosteric modulators (N-PAMs) and boosters may increase enzyme activity by relieving substrate/product inhibition. Binding to a "rear channel" extending from the NAMPT active site is key for inhibitors, boosters, and N-PAMs. A deeper understanding may fulfill the potential of NAMPT ligands to regulate cellular life and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganga
Reddy Velma
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Isabella S. Krider
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Erick T. M. Alves
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jenna M. Courey
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Megan S. Laham
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Gregory R. J. Thatcher
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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5
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Membrez M, Migliavacca E, Christen S, Yaku K, Trieu J, Lee AK, Morandini F, Giner MP, Stiner J, Makarov MV, Garratt ES, Vasiloglou MF, Chanvillard L, Dalbram E, Ehrlich AM, Sanchez-Garcia JL, Canto C, Karagounis LG, Treebak JT, Migaud ME, Heshmat R, Razi F, Karnani N, Ostovar A, Farzadfar F, Tay SKH, Sanders MJ, Lillycrop KA, Godfrey KM, Nakagawa T, Moco S, Koopman R, Lynch GS, Sorrentino V, Feige JN. Trigonelline is an NAD + precursor that improves muscle function during ageing and is reduced in human sarcopenia. Nat Metab 2024; 6:433-447. [PMID: 38504132 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-00997-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and low nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels are hallmarks of skeletal muscle ageing and sarcopenia1-3, but it is unclear whether these defects result from local changes or can be mediated by systemic or dietary cues. Here we report a functional link between circulating levels of the natural alkaloid trigonelline, which is structurally related to nicotinic acid4, NAD+ levels and muscle health in multiple species. In humans, serum trigonelline levels are reduced with sarcopenia and correlate positively with muscle strength and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. Using naturally occurring and isotopically labelled trigonelline, we demonstrate that trigonelline incorporates into the NAD+ pool and increases NAD+ levels in Caenorhabditis elegans, mice and primary myotubes from healthy individuals and individuals with sarcopenia. Mechanistically, trigonelline does not activate GPR109A but is metabolized via the nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase/Preiss-Handler pathway5,6 across models. In C. elegans, trigonelline improves mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis, reduces age-related muscle wasting and increases lifespan and mobility through an NAD+-dependent mechanism requiring sirtuin. Dietary trigonelline supplementation in male mice enhances muscle strength and prevents fatigue during ageing. Collectively, we identify nutritional supplementation of trigonelline as an NAD+-boosting strategy with therapeutic potential for age-associated muscle decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Membrez
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Christen
- Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Keisuke Yaku
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jennifer Trieu
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alaina K Lee
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francesco Morandini
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Pilar Giner
- Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jade Stiner
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mikhail V Makarov
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology, F. P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Emma S Garratt
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Developmental and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Maria F Vasiloglou
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Chanvillard
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Dalbram
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amy M Ehrlich
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Carles Canto
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leonidas G Karagounis
- Nestlé Health Science, Translation Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie E Migaud
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology, F. P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Science Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Stacey K H Tay
- KTP-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthew J Sanders
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Developmental and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Developmental and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Sofia Moco
- Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Molecular and Computational Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - René Koopman
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jerome N Feige
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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6
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Ghanem MS, Caffa I, Monacelli F, Nencioni A. Inhibitors of NAD + Production in Cancer Treatment: State of the Art and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2092. [PMID: 38396769 PMCID: PMC10889166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The addiction of tumors to elevated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels is a hallmark of cancer metabolism. Obstructing NAD+ biosynthesis in tumors is a new and promising antineoplastic strategy. Inhibitors developed against nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the main enzyme in NAD+ production from nicotinamide, elicited robust anticancer activity in preclinical models but not in patients, implying that other NAD+-biosynthetic pathways are also active in tumors and provide sufficient NAD+ amounts despite NAMPT obstruction. Recent studies show that NAD+ biosynthesis through the so-called "Preiss-Handler (PH) pathway", which utilizes nicotinate as a precursor, actively operates in many tumors and accounts for tumor resistance to NAMPT inhibitors. The PH pathway consists of three sequential enzymatic steps that are catalyzed by nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferases (NMNATs), and NAD+ synthetase (NADSYN1). Here, we focus on these enzymes as emerging targets in cancer drug discovery, summarizing their reported inhibitors and describing their current or potential exploitation as anticancer agents. Finally, we also focus on additional NAD+-producing enzymes acting in alternative NAD+-producing routes that could also be relevant in tumors and thus become viable targets for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa S. Ghanem
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Irene Caffa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Monacelli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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7
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Chini CCS, Cordeiro HS, Tran NLK, Chini EN. NAD metabolism: Role in senescence regulation and aging. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13920. [PMID: 37424179 PMCID: PMC10776128 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The geroscience hypothesis proposes that addressing the biology of aging could directly prevent the onset or mitigate the severity of multiple chronic diseases. Understanding the interplay between key aspects of the biological hallmarks of aging is essential in delivering the promises of the geroscience hypothesis. Notably, the nucleotide nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) interfaces with several biological hallmarks of aging, including cellular senescence, and changes in NAD metabolism have been shown to be involved in the aging process. The relationship between NAD metabolism and cellular senescence appears to be complex. On the one hand, the accumulation of DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by low NAD+ can promote the development of senescence. On the other hand, the low NAD+ state that occurs during aging may inhibit SASP development as this secretory phenotype and the development of cellular senescence are both highly metabolically demanding. However, to date, the impact of NAD+ metabolism on the progression of the cellular senescence phenotype has not been fully characterized. Therefore, to explore the implications of NAD metabolism and NAD replacement therapies, it is essential to consider their interactions with other hallmarks of aging, including cellular senescence. We propose that a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between NAD boosting strategies and senolytic agents is necessary to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Christiano Silva Chini
- Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo Clinic College of MedicineJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Heidi Soares Cordeiro
- Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo Clinic College of MedicineJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Ngan Le Kim Tran
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesMayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Eduardo Nunes Chini
- Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Metabolism and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo Clinic College of MedicineJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
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8
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Meijer NWF, Gerrits J, Zwakenberg S, Zwartkruis FJT, Verhoeven-Duif NM, Jans JJM. Metabolic Alterations in NADSYN1-Deficient Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:1196. [PMID: 38132878 PMCID: PMC10745350 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD synthetase 1 (encoded by the gene NADSYN1) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from tryptophan and nicotinic acid. NADSYN1 deficiency has recently been added to the spectrum of congenital NAD+ deficiency disorders. To gain insight into the metabolic consequences of NADSYN1 deficiency, the encoding gene was disrupted in A549 and HEK293T cells, and the metabolome was profiled in the presence of different NAD+ precursors, including tryptophan, nicotinamide and nicotinic acid. We demonstrate that when precursors of the NAD+ salvage pathway in the form of nicotinamide become limiting, NADSYN1 deficiency results in a decline in intracellular NAD+ levels even in the presence of other potential NAD+ sources such as tryptophan and nicotinic acid. As a consequence, alterations in 122 and 69 metabolites are observed in NADSYN1-deficient A549 and HEK293T cells compared to the wild-type cell line (FC > 2 and p < 0.05). We thus show that NADSYN1 deficiency results in a metabolic phenotype characterized by alterations in glycolysis, the TCA cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the polyol pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils W. F. Meijer
- Department of Genetics, Section Metabolic Diagnostics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.W.F.M.)
| | - Johan Gerrits
- Department of Genetics, Section Metabolic Diagnostics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.W.F.M.)
| | - Susan Zwakenberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fried J. T. Zwartkruis
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda M. Verhoeven-Duif
- Department of Genetics, Section Metabolic Diagnostics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.W.F.M.)
| | - Judith J. M. Jans
- Department of Genetics, Section Metabolic Diagnostics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.W.F.M.)
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9
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Wang Y, Li Q, Ma Z, Xu H, Peng F, Chen B, Ma B, Qin L, Lan J, Li Y, Lan D, Li J, Wang S, Fu W. β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Death in Ovarian Granulosa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15666. [PMID: 37958650 PMCID: PMC10649918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining normal functions of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) is essential for oocyte development and maturation. The dysfunction of GCs impairs nutrition supply and estrogen secretion by follicles, thus negatively affecting the breeding capacity of farm animals. Impaired GCs is generally associated with declines in Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, which triggers un-controlled oxidative stress, and the oxidative stress, thus, attack the subcellular structures and cause cell damage. β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a NAD+ precursor, has demonstrated well-known antioxidant properties in several studies. In this study, using two types of ovarian GCs (mouse GCs (mGCs) and human granulosa cell line (KGN)) as cell models, we aimed to investigate the potential effects of NMN on gene expression patterns and antioxidant capacity of both mGCs and KGN that were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). As shown in results of the study, mGCs that were exposed to H2O2 significantly altered the gene expression patterns, with 428 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when compared with those of the control group. Furthermore, adding NMN to H2O2-cultured mGCs displayed 621 DEGs. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in key pathways like cell cycle, senescence, and cell death. Using RT-qPCR, CCK8, and β-galactosidase staining, we found that H2O2 exposure on mGCs obviously reduced cell activity/mRNA expressions of antioxidant genes, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced cellular senescence. Notably, NMN supplementation partially prevented these H2O2-induced abnormalities. Moreover, these similar beneficial effects of NMN on antioxidant capacity were confirmed in the KGN cell models that were exposed to H2O2. Taken together, the present results demonstrate that NMN supplementation protects against H2O2-induced impairments in gene expression pattern, cell cycle arrest, and cell death in ovarian GCs through boosting NAD+ levels and provide potential strategies to ameliorate uncontrolled oxidative stress in ovarian GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunduan Wang
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Qiao Li
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Zifeng Ma
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongmei Xu
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Feiyu Peng
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Bo Ma
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Linmei Qin
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiachen Lan
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Yueyue Li
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Daoliang Lan
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shujin Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400032, China
| | - Wei Fu
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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10
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Joo HY, Jung JK, Kim MY, Woo SR, Jeong JM, Park ER, Kim YM, Park JJ, Kim J, Yun M, Shin HJ, Lee KH. NADH elevation during chronic hypoxia leads to VHL-mediated HIF-1α degradation via SIRT1 inhibition. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:182. [PMID: 37777750 PMCID: PMC10543270 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under conditions of hypoxia, cancer cells with hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) from heterogeneous tumor cells show greater aggression and progression in an effort to compensate for harsh environmental conditions. Extensive study on the stability of HIF-1α under conditions of acute hypoxia in cancer progression has been conducted, however, understanding of its involvement during the chronic phase is limited. METHODS In this study, we investigated the effect of SIRT1 on HIF1 stability in a typical chronic hypoxic conditon that maintains cells for 24 h under hypoxia using Western blotting, co-IP, measurement of intracellular NAD + and NADH levels, semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis, invasion assay, gene knockdown. RESULTS Here we demonstrated that the high concentration of pyruvate in the medium, which can be easily overlooked, has an effect on the stability of HIF-1α. We also demonstrated that NADH functions as a signal for conveyance of HIF-1α degradation via the SIRT1 and VHL signaling pathway under conditions of chronic hypoxia, which in turn leads to attenuation of hypoxically strengthened invasion and angiogenic activities. A steep increase in the level of NADH occurs during chronic hypoxia, leading to upregulation of acetylation and degradation of HIF-1α via inactivation of SIRT1. Of particular interest, p300-mediated acetylation at lysine 709 of HIF-1α is recogonized by VHL, which leads to degradation of HIF-1α via ubiquitin/proteasome machinary under conditions of chronic hypoxia. In addition, we demonstrated that NADH-elevation-induced acetylation and subsequent degradation of HIF-1α was independent of proline hydroxylation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a critical role of SIRT1 as a metabolic sensor in coordination of hypoxic status via regulation of HIF-1α stability. These results also demonstrate the involvement of VHL in degradation of HIF-1α through recognition of PHD-mediated hydroxylation in normoxia and p300-mediated HIF-1α acetylation in hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Yoo Joo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Lab. of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Jung
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, The Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Rang Woo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Hyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ran Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong-Jean Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Lab. of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miyong Yun
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kee-Ho Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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11
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Miljkovic M, Seguin A, Jia X, Cox JE, Catrow JL, Bergonia H, Phillips JD, Stephens WZ, Ward DM. Loss of the mitochondrial protein Abcb10 results in altered arginine metabolism in MEL and K562 cells and nutrient stress signaling through ATF4. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104877. [PMID: 37269954 PMCID: PMC10316008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abcb10 is a mitochondrial membrane protein involved in hemoglobinization of red cells. Abcb10 topology and ATPase domain localization suggest it exports a substrate, likely biliverdin, out of mitochondria that is necessary for hemoglobinization. In this study, we generated Abcb10 deletion cell lines in both mouse murine erythroleukemia and human erythroid precursor human myelogenous leukemia (K562) cells to better understand the consequences of Abcb10 loss. Loss of Abcb10 resulted in an inability to hemoglobinize upon differentiation in both K562 and mouse murine erythroleukemia cells with reduced heme and intermediate porphyrins and decreased levels of aminolevulinic acid synthase 2 activity. Metabolomic and transcriptional analyses revealed that Abcb10 loss gave rise to decreased cellular arginine levels, increased transcripts for cationic and neutral amino acid transporters with reduced levels of the citrulline to arginine converting enzymes argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase. The reduced arginine levels in Abcb10-null cells gave rise to decreased proliferative capacity. Arginine supplementation improved both Abcb10-null proliferation and hemoglobinization upon differentiation. Abcb10-null cells showed increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha, increased expression of nutrient sensing transcription factor ATF4 and downstream targets DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (Chop), ChaC glutathione specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (Chac1), and arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (Rars). These results suggest that when the Abcb10 substrate is trapped in the mitochondria, the nutrient sensing machinery is turned on remodeling transcription to block protein synthesis necessary for proliferation and hemoglobin biosynthesis in erythroid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Miljkovic
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexandra Seguin
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Xuan Jia
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - James E Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Metabolomics Core Research Facility, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jonathan Leon Catrow
- Metabolomics Core Research Facility, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Hector Bergonia
- Iron and Heme Core Research Facility, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - John D Phillips
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - W Zac Stephens
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Diane M Ward
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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12
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Zhu L, Liu H, Dou Y, Luo Q, Gu L, Liu X, Zhou Q, Han J, Wang F. A Photoactivated Ru (II) Polypyridine Complex Induced Oncotic Necrosis of A549 Cells by Activating Oxidative Phosphorylation and Inhibiting DNA Synthesis as Revealed by Quantitative Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097756. [PMID: 37175463 PMCID: PMC10178167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ruthenium polypyridine complex [Ru(dppa)2(pytp)] (PF6)2 (termed as ZQX-1), where dppa = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and pytp = 4'-pyrene-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, has been shown a high and selective cytotoxicity to hypoxic and cisplatin-resistant cancer cells either under irradiation with blue light or upon two-photon excitation. The IC50 values of ZQX-1 towards A549 cancer cells and HEK293 health cells are 0.16 ± 0.09 µM and >100 µM under irradiation at 420 nm, respectively. However, the mechanism of action of ZQX-1 remains unclear. In this work, using the quantitative proteomics method we identified 84 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with |fold-change| ≥ 1.2 in A549 cancer cells exposed to ZQX-1 under irradiation at 420 nm. Bioinformatics analysis of the DEPs revealed that photoactivated ZQX-1 generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) to activate oxidative phosphorylation signaling to overproduce ATP; it also released ROS and pyrene derivative to damage DNA and arrest A549 cells at S-phase, which synergistically led to oncotic necrosis and apoptosis of A549 cells to deplete excess ATP, evidenced by the elevated level of PRAP1 and cleaved capase-3. Moreover, the DNA damage inhibited the expression of DNA repair-related proteins, such as RBX1 and GPS1, enhancing photocytotoxicity of ZQX-1, which was reflected in the inhibition of integrin signaling and disruption of ribosome assembly. Importantly, the photoactivated ZQX-1 was shown to activate hypoxia-inducible factor 1A (HIF1A) survival signaling, implying that combining use of ZQX-1 with HIF1A signaling inhibitors may further promote the photocytotoxicity of the prodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- College of Applied Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Applied Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yang Dou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangzhen Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xingkai Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Juanjuan Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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13
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Feng S, Guo L, Wang H, Yang S, Liu H. Bacterial PncA improves diet-induced NAFLD in mice by enabling the transition from nicotinamide to nicotinic acid. Commun Biol 2023; 6:235. [PMID: 36864222 PMCID: PMC9981684 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is crucial for energy metabolism, oxidative stress, DNA damage repair, longevity regulation, and several signaling processes. To date, several NAD+ synthesis pathways have been found in microbiota and mammals, but the potential relationship between gut microbiota and their hosts in regulating NAD+ homeostasis remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that an analog of the first-line tuberculosis drug pyrazinamide, which is converted by nicotinamidase/pyrazinamidase (PncA) to its active form, affected NAD+ level in the intestines and liver of mice and disrupted the homeostasis of gut microbiota. Furthermore, by overexpressing modified PncA of Escherichia coli, NAD+ levels in mouse liver were significantly increased, and diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was ameliorated in mice. Overall, the PncA gene in microbiota plays an important role in regulating NAD+ synthesis in the host, thereby providing a potential target for modulating host NAD+ level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Feng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200123, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuling Guo
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200123, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200123, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200123, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200123, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, China.
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14
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Jiang C, Zhou Y, Yan L, Zheng J, Wang X, Li J, Jiang X. A prognostic NAD+ metabolism-related gene signature for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitor in glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1051641. [PMID: 36845744 PMCID: PMC9945104 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1051641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism is involved in a series of cancer pathogenesis processes, and is considered a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. However, a comprehensive analysis of NAD+ metabolism events on immune regulation and cancer survival has not yet been conducted. Here, we constructed a prognostic NAD+ metabolism-related gene signature (NMRGS) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy in glioma. Methods 40 NAD+ metabolism-related genes (NMRGs) were obtained from the Reactome database and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Glioma cases with transcriptome data and clinical information were obtained from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). NMRGS was constructed based on the calculated risk score using univariate analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, multivariate Cox regression, and nomogram. This NMRGS was verified in training (CGGA693) and validation (TCGA and CGGA325) cohorts. The immune characteristics, mutation profile, and response to ICI therapy were subsequently analyzed for different NMRGS subgroups. Results Six NAD+ metabolism-related genes, including CD38, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK), nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 3 (NMNAT3), poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase family member 6 (PARP6), and poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase family member 9 (PARP9), were ultimately used to construct a comprehensive risk model for glioma patients. Patients in the NMRGS-high group showed a poorer survival outcome than those in the NMRGS-low group. The area under curve (AUC) indicated that NMRGS has good potential in glioma prognostic prediction. A nomogram with improved accuracy was established based on independent prognostic factors (NMRGS score, 1p19q codeletion status, and WHO grade). Furthermore, patients in the NMRGS-high group showed a more immunosuppressive microenvironment, higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), higher human leucocyte antigen (HLA) expression and a more therapeutic response to ICI therapy. Conclusions This study constructed a prognostic NAD+ metabolism-related signature associated with the immune landscape in glioma, which can be used for guiding individualized ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lizhao Yan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianglin Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Junjun Li, ; Xiaobing Jiang,
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Junjun Li, ; Xiaobing Jiang,
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15
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Ni J, Zhang J, Liu J, Fan L, Lin X, Yu H, Sun G. Exosomal NAMPT from chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells orchestrate monocyte survival and phenotype under endoplasmic reticulum stress. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:61-70. [PMID: 36321597 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported to be transmitted from tumor cells to immune cells via exosome and implicated in immune escape. However, the influence of ER stress on monocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells is largely unknown. Here, we observed the expression of ER stress markers (GRP78, ATF6, PERK, IRE1a, and XBP1s) in CLL cells. The increasing mRNA expression of these ER stress response components was positively correlated with more aggressive disease. Exosome from ER stress inducer tunicamycin (TM)-primed CLL cells (ERS-exo) up-regulated the expression of ER stress marker on monocytes, indicating ER stress is transmissible in vitro via exosome. Treatment with ERS-exo promoted the survival of monocytes and induced phenotypic changes with a significantly larger percentage of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes. Finally, we identified exosome-mediated transfer of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) from ER stressed CLL cells into monocytes as a novel mechanism through which ERS-exo regulated monocytes. Exosomal eNAMPT up-regulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) production which subsequently activated SIRT1-C/EBPβ signaling pathway in monocytes. Our results suggest the role of ER stress in mediating immunological dysfunction in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lulu Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanqing Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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16
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Baldassarri C, Giorgioni G, Piergentili A, Quaglia W, Fontana S, Mammoli V, Minazzato G, Marangoni E, Gasparrini M, Sorci L, Raffaelli N, Cappellacci L, Petrelli R, Del Bello F. Properly Substituted Benzimidazoles as a New Promising Class of Nicotinate Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) Modulators. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:189. [PMID: 37259338 PMCID: PMC9967085 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevention of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis is considered an attractive therapeutic approach against cancer, considering that tumor cells are characterized by an increased need for NAD to fuel their reprogrammed metabolism. On the other hand, the decline of NAD is a hallmark of some pathological conditions, including neurodegeneration and metabolic diseases, and boosting NAD biosynthesis has proven to be of therapeutic relevance. Therefore, targeting the enzymes nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), which regulate NAD biosynthesis from nicotinamide (NAM) and nicotinic acid (NA), respectively, is considered a promising strategy to modulate intracellular NAD pool. While potent NAMPT inhibitors and activators have been developed, the search for NAPRT modulators is still in its infancy. In this work, we report on the identification of a new class of NAPRT modulators bearing the 1,2-dimethylbenzimidazole scaffold properly substituted in position 5. In particular, compounds 24, 31, and 32 emerged as the first NAPRT activators reported so far, while 18 behaved as a noncompetitive inhibitor toward NA (Ki = 338 µM) and a mixed inhibitor toward phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) (Ki = 134 µM). From in vitro pharmacokinetic studies, compound 18 showed an overall good ADME profile. To rationalize the obtained results, docking studies were performed on the NAPRT structure. Moreover, a preliminary pharmacophore model was built to shed light on the shift from inhibitors to activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Baldassarri
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gianfabio Giorgioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piergentili
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Wilma Quaglia
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Stefano Fontana
- Center for Drug Discovery and Development-DMPK, Aptuit, an Evotec Company, Via A. Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Valerio Mammoli
- Center for Drug Discovery and Development-DMPK, Aptuit, an Evotec Company, Via A. Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Minazzato
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Marangoni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sorci
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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17
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A Versatile Continuous Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for Targeting Nicotinate Phosphoribosyltransferase. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030961. [PMID: 36770640 PMCID: PMC9919730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of a proper NAD+ pool is essential for cell survival, and tumor cells are particularly sensitive to changes in coenzyme levels. In this view, the inhibition of NAD+ biosynthesis is considered a promising therapeutic approach. Current research is mostly focused on targeting the enzymes nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), which regulate NAD+ biosynthesis from nicotinamide and nicotinic acid, respectively. In several types of cancer cells, both enzymes are relevant for NAD+ biosynthesis, with NAPRT being responsible for cell resistance to NAMPT inhibition. While potent NAMPT inhibitors have been developed, only a few weak NAPRT inhibitors have been identified so far, essentially due to the lack of an easy and fast screening assay. Here we present a continuous coupled fluorometric assay whereby the product of the NAPRT-catalyzed reaction is enzymatically converted to NADH, and NADH formation is measured fluorometrically. The assay can be adapted to screen compounds that interfere with NADH excitation and emission wavelengths by coupling NADH formation to the cycling reduction of resazurin to resorufin, which is monitored at longer wavelengths. The assay system was validated by confirming the inhibitory effect of some NA-related compounds on purified human recombinant NAPRT. In particular, 2-hydroxynicotinic acid, 2-amminonicotinic acid, 2-fluoronicotinic acid, pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, and salicylic acid were confirmed as NAPRT inhibitors, with Ki ranging from 149 to 348 µM. Both 2-hydroxynicotinic acid and pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid were found to sensitize OVCAR-5 cells to the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 by decreasing viability and intracellular NAD+ levels.
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18
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Helman T, Braidy N. Importance of NAD+ Anabolism in Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Drugs Aging 2023; 40:33-48. [PMID: 36510042 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-022-00989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in ageing has emerged as a critical factor in understanding links to a wide range of chronic diseases. Depletion of NAD+, a central redox cofactor and substrate of numerous metabolic enzymes, has been detected in many major age-related diseases. However, the mechanisms behind age-associated NAD+ decline remains poorly understood. Despite limited conclusive evidence, supplements aimed at increasing NAD+ levels are becoming increasingly popular. This review provides renewed insights regarding the clinical utility and benefits of NAD+ precursors, namely nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), in attenuating NAD+ decline and phenotypic characterization of age-related disorders, including metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. While it is anticipated that NAD+ precursors can play beneficial protective roles in several conditions, they vary in their ability to promote NAD+ anabolism with differing adverse effects. Careful evaluation of the role of NAD+, whether friend or foe in ageing, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Helman
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, NPI, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, NPI, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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19
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Chellappa K, McReynolds MR, Lu W, Zeng X, Makarov M, Hayat F, Mukherjee S, Bhat YR, Lingala SR, Shima RT, Descamps HC, Cox T, Ji L, Jankowski C, Chu Q, Davidson SM, Thaiss CA, Migaud ME, Rabinowitz JD, Baur JA. NAD precursors cycle between host tissues and the gut microbiome. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1947-1959.e5. [PMID: 36476934 PMCID: PMC9825113 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential redox cofactor in mammals and microbes. Here we use isotope tracing to investigate the precursors supporting NAD synthesis in the gut microbiome of mice. We find that dietary NAD precursors are absorbed in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract and not available to microbes in the distal gut. Instead, circulating host nicotinamide enters the gut lumen and supports microbial NAD synthesis. The microbiome converts host-derived nicotinamide into nicotinic acid, which is used for NAD synthesis in host tissues and maintains circulating nicotinic acid levels even in the absence of dietary consumption. Moreover, the main route from oral nicotinamide riboside, a widely used nutraceutical, to host NAD is via conversion into nicotinic acid by the gut microbiome. Thus, we establish the capacity for circulating host micronutrients to feed the gut microbiome, and in turn be transformed in a manner that enhances host metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyani Chellappa
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melanie R McReynolds
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xianfeng Zeng
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Mikhail Makarov
- Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Faisal Hayat
- Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sarmistha Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yashaswini R Bhat
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Siddharth R Lingala
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rafaella T Shima
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hélène C Descamps
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy Cox
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lixin Ji
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Connor Jankowski
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Qingwei Chu
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marie E Migaud
- Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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20
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Wang N, Pan D, Wang X, Su M, Wang X, Yan Q, Sun G, Wang S. NAPRT, but Not NAMPT, Provides Additional Support for NAD Synthesis in Esophageal Precancerous Lesions. Nutrients 2022; 14:4916. [PMID: 36432602 PMCID: PMC9695206 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that esophageal precancerous lesions (EPLs) have a surge requirement for coenzyme I (NAD). The purpose of this study is to clarify the key control points of NAD synthesis in developing EPL by detecting related markers and the gene polymorphism of NAD synthesis and metabolism. This case-control study was conducted in Huai'an, China. In total, 100 healthy controls and 100 EPL cases matched by villages, gender, and age (±2 years) were included. The levels of plasma niacin and nicotinamide, and the protein concentration of NAMPT, NAPRT, and PARP-1 were quantitatively analyzed. PARP-1 gene polymorphism was detected to determine if the cases differed genetically in NAD synthesis. The levels of plasma niacin and nicotinamide and the concentrations of NAMPT were not related to the risk of EPL, but the over-expressions of NAPRT (p = 0.014, 0.001, and 0.016, respectively) and PARP-1 (p for trend = 0.021) were associated with the increased EPL risk. The frequency distribution of APRP-1 genotypes was found to not differ between the two groups, while the EPL group showed an increased frequency of the variant C allele. NAPRT, but not NAMPT, was found to be responsible for the stress of excess NAD synthesis in EPL. Focusing on the development of NAPRT inhibitors may be beneficial to prevent and control ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niannian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Da Pan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ming Su
- Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223001, China
| | - Qingyang Yan
- Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223001, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712000, China
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21
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Dong H, Zhang J, Zhang H, Han Y, Lu C, Chen C, Tan X, Wang S, Bai X, Zhai G, Tian S, Zhang T, Cheng Z, Li E, Xu L, Zhang K. YiaC and CobB regulate lysine lactylation in Escherichia coli. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6628. [PMID: 36333310 PMCID: PMC9636275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine lactylation (Kla) has recently been reported to participate in regulating transcription in human cells. However, the characterization, regulatory mechanism and functional consequence of Kla in prokaryotes remain unclear. Here, we report that YiaC functions as a lysine lactylase and that CobB serves as a lysine delactylase in the regulation of metabolism. We demonstrate that YiaC catalyzes the addition of Kla, while CobB erases this PTM both in vitro and intracellularly. Moreover, we show that YdiF can catalyze the formation of a lactyl-coenzyme A, which donates lactyl group for Kla. Quantitative proteomic analysis further reveals 446 endogenous Kla sites targeted by CobB and 79 candidates targeted by YiaC in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Furthermore, we present that Kla can influence the functions of metabolic enzymes. Interestingly, we demonstrate that CobB can specifically modulate the activity of PykF by regulating K382la, promoting glycolysis and bacterial growth. Our study identifies the regulatory enzymes and functional network of Kla and reveals a Kla-mediated molecular mechanism catalyzed by CobB for glycolysis regulation in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang Dong
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianji Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Han
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Congcong Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxia Tan
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bai
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Guijin Zhai
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Tian
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongyi Cheng
- Jingjie PTM Biolab (Hangzhou) Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
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22
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Urbański A, Johnston P, Bittermann E, Keshavarz M, Paris V, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Konopińska N, Marciniak P, Rolff J. Tachykinin-related peptides modulate immune-gene expression in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor L. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17277. [PMID: 36241888 PMCID: PMC9568666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tachykinins (TKs) are a group of conserved neuropeptides. In insects, tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) are important modulators of several functions such as nociception and lipid metabolism. Recently, it has become clear that TRPs also play a role in regulating the insect immune system. Here, we report a transcriptomic analysis of changes in the expression levels of immune-related genes in the storage pest Tenebrio molitor after treatment with Tenmo-TRP-7. We tested two concentrations (10-8 and 10-6 M) at two time points, 6 and 24 h post-injection. We found significant changes in the transcript levels of a wide spectrum of immune-related genes. Some changes were observed 6 h after the injection of Tenmo-TRP-7, especially in relation to its putative anti-apoptotic action. Interestingly, 24 h after the injection of 10-8 M Tenmo-TRP-7, most changes were related to the regulation of the cellular response. Applying 10-6 M Tenmo-TRP-7 resulted in the downregulation of genes associated with humoral responses. Injecting Tenmo-TRP-7 did not affect beetle survival but led to a reduction in haemolymph lysozyme-like antibacterial activity, consistent with the transcriptomic data. The results confirmed the immunomodulatory role of TRP and shed new light on the functional homology between TRPs and TKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Urbański
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland ,grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Johnston
- Berlin Centre for Genomics in Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany ,grid.419247.d0000 0001 2108 8097Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Bittermann
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Véronique Paris
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XBio 21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Karolina Walkowiak-Nowicka
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Konopińska
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jens Rolff
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.452299.1Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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23
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Liao X, Huang X, Li X, Qiu X, Li M, Liu R, He T, Tang Q. AMPK phosphorylates NAMPT to regulate NAD + homeostasis under ionizing radiation. Open Biol 2022; 12:220213. [PMID: 36196536 PMCID: PMC9532994 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced oral mucositis is the most common complication for patients who receive head/neck radiotherapy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is vital for DNA damage repair under ionizing radiation, through functioning as either the substrate for protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation at DNA break sites or the cofactor for multiple DNA repair-related enzymes, which therefore can result in a significant consumption of cellular NAD+ during DNA repair. Mammalian cells produce NAD+ mainly by recycling nicotinamide via the salvage pathway, in which the rate-limiting step is governed by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). However, whether NAMPT is co-opted under ionizing radiation to timely fine-tune NAD+ homeostasis remains elusive. Here we show that ionizing radiation evokes NAMPT activation within 30 min without apparent changes in its protein expression. AMPK rapidly phosphorylates NAMPT at S314 under ionizing radiation, which reinforces the enzymatic activity of NAMPT by increasing NAMPT binding with its substrate phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). AMPK-mediated NAMPT S314 phosphorylation substantially restores NAD+ level in the irradiated cells and facilitates DNA repair and cell viability. Our findings demonstrate a new post-translational modification-based signalling route, by which cells can rapidly orchestrate NAD+ metabolism to support DNA repair, thereby highlighting NAMPT as a potential target for the prevention of ionizing radiation-induced injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Huang
- Department of Urology, Xindu district People's hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Li
- UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao He
- Department of cardio-thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Tang
- Department of Urology, Xindu district People's hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, People's Republic of China
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24
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Wei Y, Xiang H, Zhang W. Review of various NAMPT inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970553. [PMID: 36160449 PMCID: PMC9490061 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway of mammalian cells and is overexpressed in numerous types of cancers. These include breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, and b-cell lymphoma. NAMPT is also known to impact the NAD and NADPH pool. Research has demonstrated that NAMPT can be inhibited. NAMPT inhibitors are diverse anticancer medicines with significant anti-tumor efficacy in ex vivo tumor models. A few notable NAMPT specific inhibitors which have been produced include FK866, CHS828, and OT-82. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence of the potential utility of NAMPT inhibitors in cancer models, early clinical trials have yielded only modest results, necessitating the adaptation of additional tactics to boost efficacy. This paper examines a number of cancer treatment methods which target NAMPT, including the usage of individual inhibitors, pharmacological combinations, dual inhibitors, and ADCs, all of which have demonstrated promising experimental or clinical results. We intend to contribute further ideas regarding the usage and development of NAMPT inhibitors in clinical therapy to advance the field of research on this intriguing target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wei
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haotian Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenqiu Zhang,
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25
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Navas LE, Carnero A. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) Metabolism as a Relevant Target in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172627. [PMID: 36078035 PMCID: PMC9454445 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD+ is an important metabolite in cell homeostasis that acts as an essential cofactor in oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions in various energy production processes, such as the Krebs cycle, fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis and serine biosynthesis. Furthermore, high NAD+ levels are required since they also participate in many other nonredox molecular processes, such as DNA repair, posttranslational modifications, cell signalling, senescence, inflammatory responses and apoptosis. In these nonredox reactions, NAD+ is an ADP-ribose donor for enzymes such as sirtuins (SIRTs), poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPRs). Therefore, to meet both redox and nonredox NAD+ demands, tumour cells must maintain high NAD+ levels, enhancing their synthesis mainly through the salvage pathway. NAMPT, the rate-limiting enzyme of this pathway, has been identified as an oncogene in some cancer types. Thus, NAMPT has been proposed as a suitable target for cancer therapy. NAMPT inhibition causes the depletion of NAD+ content in the cell, leading to the inhibition of ATP synthesis. This effect can cause a decrease in tumour cell proliferation and cell death, mainly by apoptosis. Therefore, in recent years, many specific inhibitors of NAMPT have been developed, and some of them are currently in clinical trials. Here we review the NAD metabolism as a cancer therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola E. Navas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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26
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Cercillieux A, Ciarlo E, Canto C. Balancing NAD + deficits with nicotinamide riboside: therapeutic possibilities and limitations. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:463. [PMID: 35918544 PMCID: PMC9345839 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04499-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels have been observed in multiple lifestyle and age-related medical conditions. This has led to the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with NAD+ precursors, or vitamin B3s, could exert health benefits. Among the different molecules that can act as NAD+ precursors, Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) has gained most attention due to its success in alleviating and treating disease conditions at the pre-clinical level. However, the clinical outcomes for NR supplementation strategies have not yet met the expectations generated in mouse models. In this review we aim to provide a comprehensive view on NAD+ biology, what causes NAD+ deficits and the journey of NR from its discovery to its clinical development. We also discuss what are the current limitations in NR-based therapies and potential ways to overcome them. Overall, this review will not only provide tools to understand NAD+ biology and assess its changes in disease situations, but also to decide which NAD+ precursor could have the best therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Cercillieux
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., EPFL Campus, Innovation Park, Building G, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Ciarlo
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., EPFL Campus, Innovation Park, Building G, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carles Canto
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., EPFL Campus, Innovation Park, Building G, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Neves D, Goodfellow BJ, Vieira SI, Silva RM. The role of NAD metabolism in neuronal differentiation. Neurochem Int 2022; 159:105402. [PMID: 35843422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism is involved in redox and non-redox reactions that regulate several processes including differentiation of cells of different origins. Here, the role of NAD metabolism in neuronal differentiation, which remains elusive so far, was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A protein-protein interaction network between neurotrophin signaling and NAD metabolic pathways was built. Expression of NAD biosynthetic enzymes in SH-SY5Y cells during retinoic acid (RA)/brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) differentiation, was evaluated. The effects of NAD biosynthetic enzymes QPRT and NAPRT inhibition in neurite outgrowth, cell viability, NAD availability and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, were analysed in RA- and BDNF-differentiated cells. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed the interaction between NAD biosynthetic enzyme NMNAT1 and NTRK2, a receptor activated by RA/BDNF sequential treatment. Differences were found in the expression of NAD biosynthetic enzymes during neuronal differentiation, namely, increased QPRT gene expression along the course of RA/BDNF treatment and NAPRT protein expression after a 5-day treatment with RA. QPRT inhibition in BDNF-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells resulted in less neuritic length per cell, decreased expression of the neuronal marker β-III Tubulin and also decreased NAD+ levels and HDAC activity. NAPRT inhibition had no effect in neuritic length per cell, NAD+ levels and HDAC activity. Of note, NAD supplementation along with RA, but not with BDNF, resulted in considerable cell death. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results show the involvement of NAD metabolism in neuronal differentiation, specifically, the importance of QPRT-mediated NAD biosynthesis in BDNF-associated SH-SY5Y differentiation and suggest additional roles for NAPRT beyond NAD production in RA-differentiated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Neves
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas & Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | | - Sandra I Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas & Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas & Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal; Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Saúde, Viseu, Portugal
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28
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Structure-Based Identification and Biological Characterization of New NAPRT Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070855. [PMID: 35890155 PMCID: PMC9320560 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
NAPRT, the rate-limiting enzyme of the Preiss–Handler NAD biosynthetic pathway, has emerged as a key biomarker for the clinical success of NAMPT inhibitors in cancer treatment. Previous studies found that high protein levels of NAPRT conferred resistance to NAMPT inhibition in several tumor types whereas the simultaneous blockade of NAMPT and NAPRT results in marked anti-tumor effects. While research has mainly focused on NAMPT inhibitors, the few available NAPRT inhibitors (NAPRTi) have a low affinity for the enzyme and have been scarcely characterized. In this work, a collection of diverse compounds was screened in silico against the NAPRT structure, and the selected hits were tested through cell-based assays in the NAPRT-proficient OVCAR-5 ovarian cell line and on the recombinant hNAPRT. We found different chemotypes that efficiently inhibit the enzyme in the micromolar range concentration and for which direct engagement with the target was verified by differential scanning fluorimetry. Of note, the therapeutic potential of these compounds was evidenced by a synergistic interaction between the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 and the new NAPRTi in terms of decreasing OVCAR-5 intracellular NAD levels and cell viability. For example, compound IM29 can potentiate the effect of FK866 of more than two-fold in reducing intracellular NAD levels. These results pave the way for the development of a new generation of human NAPRTi with anticancer activity.
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29
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Identification of NAPRT Inhibitors with Anti-Cancer Properties by In Silico Drug Discovery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070848. [PMID: 35890147 PMCID: PMC9318686 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Depriving cancer cells of sufficient NAD levels, mainly through interfering with their NAD-producing capacity, has been conceived as a promising anti-cancer strategy. Numerous inhibitors of the NAD-producing enzyme, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), have been developed over the past two decades. However, their limited anti-cancer activity in clinical trials raised the possibility that cancer cells may also exploit alternative NAD-producing enzymes. Recent studies show the relevance of nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the Preiss–Handler NAD-production pathway for a large group of human cancers. We demonstrated that the NAPRT inhibitor 2-hydroxynicotinic acid (2-HNA) cooperates with the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 in killing NAPRT-proficient cancer cells that were otherwise insensitive to FK866 alone. Despite this emerging relevance of NAPRT as a potential target in cancer therapy, very few NAPRT inhibitors exist. Starting from a high-throughput virtual screening approach, we were able to identify and annotate two additional chemical scaffolds that function as NAPRT inhibitors. These compounds show comparable anti-cancer activity to 2-HNA and improved predicted aqueous solubility, in addition to demonstrating favorable drug-like profiles.
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30
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Canto C. NAD + Precursors: A Questionable Redundancy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070630. [PMID: 35888754 PMCID: PMC9316858 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen a strong proliferation of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metabolic and age-related diseases based on increasing cellular NAD+ bioavailability. Among them, the dietary supplementation with NAD+ precursors—classically known as vitamin B3—has received most of the attention. Multiple molecules can act as NAD+ precursors through independent biosynthetic routes. Interestingly, eukaryote organisms have conserved a remarkable ability to utilize all of these different molecules, even if some of them are scarcely found in nature. Here, we discuss the possibility that the conservation of all of these biosynthetic pathways through evolution occurred because the different NAD+ precursors might serve specialized purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Canto
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., EPFL Campus, Innovation Park, Building G, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; ; Tel.: +41-(0)-216326116
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Nicotinamide Riboside and Dihydronicotinic Acid Riboside Synergistically Increase Intracellular NAD+ by Generating Dihydronicotinamide Riboside. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132752. [PMID: 35807932 PMCID: PMC9269339 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Through evolution, eukaryote organisms have developed the ability to use different molecules as independent precursors to generate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential molecule for life. However, whether these different precursors act in an additive or complementary manner is not truly well understood. Here, we have evaluated how combinations of different NAD+ precursors influence intracellular NAD+ levels. We identified dihydronicotinic acid riboside (NARH) as a new NAD+ precursor in hepatic cells. Second, we demonstrate how NARH, but not any other NAD+ precursor, can act synergistically with nicotinamide riboside (NR) to increase NAD+ levels in cultured cells and in mice. Finally, we demonstrate that the large increase in NAD+ prompted by the combination of these two precursors is due to their chemical interaction and conversion to dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH). Altogether, this work demonstrates for the first time that NARH can act as a NAD+ precursor in mammalian cells and how different NAD+ precursors can interact and influence each other when co-administered.
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32
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Sun A, Ge J. The effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in cardiovascular diseases: Molecular mechanisms, roles and therapeutic potential. Genes Dis 2022; 9:959-972. [PMID: 35685463 PMCID: PMC9170600 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) were identified as the leading cause of mortality, imposing a heavy burden on health care systems and the social economy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), as a pivotal co-substrate for a range of different enzymes, is involved in many signal transduction pathways activated in CVDs. Emerging evidence has shown that NAD+ can exert remediating effects on CVDs by regulating metabolism, maintaining redox homeostasis and modulating the immune response. In fact, NAD+ might delay ageing through sirtuin and non-sirtuin pathways and thus contribute to interventions for age-related diseases such as CVDs. Considering that robust clinical studies of NAD+ are ongoing, we discuss current challenges and the future translational potential of NAD+ based on existing studies and our understanding. Despite some remaining gaps in its clinical application, NAD+ has been shown to have broad prospects and pan-effects, making it a suitable prophylactic drug for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, PR China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, PR China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Petrović K, Djoković R, Cincović M, Hristovska T, Lalović M, Petrović M, Majkić M, Došenović Marinković M, Anđušić L, Devečerski G, Stojanović D, Štrbac F. Niacin Status Indicators and Their Relationship with Metabolic Parameters in Dairy Cows during Early Lactation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121524. [PMID: 35739861 PMCID: PMC9219521 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The active forms of niacin that represent niacin status are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and the NAD:NADP ratio. Previous studies have shown metabolic changes in the function of niacin form and dose, but it has not been determined whether there are changes in the function of active form of niacin that indicate the vitamin status in the body. In this study, we examined differences in NAD, NADP and NAD:NADP concentration in blood and their relationship with metabolic parameters in cows receiving and not receiving additional niacin in food. We concluded that NAD and NADP are good indicators of the ability of an additional niacin source to create functional cofactors due to their concentration changes, while the NAD:NADP ratio is a good indicator of the biological effects of additional niacin due to correlation with many metabolites. Abstract Previous experimental models on cows have examined the difference in the metabolic adaptation in cows after niacin administration, without identifying the most important mediators between niacin administration and its biological effects, namely active forms of niacin. All tissues in the body convert absorbed niacin into its main metabolically active form, the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of niacin administration in periparturient period on NAD, NADP and the NAD:NADP ratio and to determine relationship between these indicators of an active form of niacin with metabolic parameters in cow blood. The study included 90 healthy cows: 45 cows receiving niacin and 45 cows were negative control. The niacin group was treated with nicotinic acid for two weeks before, as well as two weeks after parturition. Nicotinic acid was applied per os with feed. In cows receiving niacin, there was a significantly higher concentration of NAD and NADP, but the NAD:NADP ratio did not differ compared with control. All three indicators were able to separate cows who received and who did not receive additional niacin. NAD and NADP are good indicators of the availability of niacin from additional sources. The NAD:NADP ratio is a good indicator of the biological effect of applied niacin on metabolites in cows due to its correlation with a number of metabolites: positive correlation with glucose, insulin, glucose to insulin ratio and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKIBHB) of insulin resistance, triglycerides and cholesterol, and a negative correlation with nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB), gamma-glutamyltranspherase (GGT) and urea in cows receiving niacin. The same amount of added niacin in feed can produce different concentrations of NAD, NADP and NAD:NADP in the blood, and this was not related to their concentration before the addition of niacin. The change in the concentration of the active form of niacin (NAD, NADP and NAD:NADP) further correlates with the concentration of metabolic parameters, which indicates that the intensity of the biological effect of additional niacin can be accurately determined only if we know the concentrations of its active forms in blood. Under basal conditions (without additional niacin), active forms of niacin that already exist in the blood do not show significant correlations with metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosta Petrović
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.P.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.D.M.); (D.S.); (F.Š.)
| | - Radojica Djoković
- Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, 32000 Čačak, Serbia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +38-1644497952
| | - Marko Cincović
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.P.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.D.M.); (D.S.); (F.Š.)
| | - Talija Hristovska
- Veterinary Faculty, University of St. Kliment Ohridski, 7000 Bitola, North Macedonia;
| | - Miroslav Lalović
- Faculty of Agriculture East Sarajevo, University of East Sarajevo, 71123 East Sarajevo, The Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Miloš Petrović
- Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, 32000 Čačak, Serbia;
| | - Mira Majkić
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.P.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.D.M.); (D.S.); (F.Š.)
| | - Maja Došenović Marinković
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.P.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.D.M.); (D.S.); (F.Š.)
| | - Ljiljana Anđušić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Priština, 38219 Lešak, Serbia;
| | | | - Dragica Stojanović
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.P.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.D.M.); (D.S.); (F.Š.)
| | - Filip Štrbac
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.P.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.D.M.); (D.S.); (F.Š.)
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and highly prevalent disease, yet only supportive treatment is available. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a cofactor necessary for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and cell survival. Changes in renal NAD+ biosynthesis and energy utilization are features of AKI. Targeting NAD+ as an AKI therapy shows promising potential. However, the pursuit of NAD+-based treatments requires deeper understanding of the unique drivers and effects of the NAD+ biosynthesis derangements that arise in AKI. This article summarizes the NAD+ biosynthesis alterations in the kidney in AKI, chronic disease, and aging. To enhance this understanding, we explore instances of NAD+ biosynthesis alterations outside the kidney in inflammation, pregnancy, and cancer. In doing so, we seek to highlight that the different NAD+ biosynthesis pathways are not interconvertible and propose that the way in which NAD+ is synthesized may be just as important as the NAD+ produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Clark
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Marie Christelle Saade
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX.
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Moutinho M, Puntambekar SS, Tsai AP, Coronel I, Lin PB, Casali BT, Martinez P, Oblak AL, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Lamb BT, Landreth GE. The niacin receptor HCAR2 modulates microglial response and limits disease progression in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl7634. [PMID: 35320002 PMCID: PMC10161396 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl7634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased dietary intake of niacin has been correlated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Niacin serves as a high-affinity ligand for the receptor HCAR2 (GPR109A). In the brain, HCAR2 is expressed selectively by microglia and is robustly induced by amyloid pathology in AD. The genetic inactivation of Hcar2 in 5xFAD mice, a model of AD, results in impairment of the microglial response to amyloid deposition, including deficits in gene expression, proliferation, envelopment of amyloid plaques, and uptake of amyloid-β (Aβ), ultimately leading to exacerbation of amyloid burden, neuronal loss, and cognitive deficits. In contrast, activation of HCAR2 with an FDA-approved formulation of niacin (Niaspan) in 5xFAD mice leads to reduced plaque burden and neuronal dystrophy, attenuation of neuronal loss, and rescue of working memory deficits. These data provide direct evidence that HCAR2 is required for an efficient and neuroprotective response of microglia to amyloid pathology. Administration of Niaspan potentiates the HCAR2-mediated microglial protective response and consequently attenuates amyloid-induced pathology, suggesting that its use may be a promising therapeutic approach to AD that specifically targets the neuroimmune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shweta S Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andy P Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Israel Coronel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Peter B Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brad T Casali
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Zeidler JD, Hogan KA, Agorrody G, Peclat TR, Kashyap S, Kanamori KS, Gomez LS, Mazdeh DZ, Warner GM, Thompson KL, Chini CCS, Chini EN. The CD38 glycohydrolase and the NAD sink: implications for pathological conditions. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C521-C545. [PMID: 35138178 PMCID: PMC8917930 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00451.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) acts as a cofactor in several oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and is a substrate for a number of nonredox enzymes. NAD is fundamental to a variety of cellular processes including energy metabolism, cell signaling, and epigenetics. NAD homeostasis appears to be of paramount importance to health span and longevity, and its dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases. NAD metabolism is dynamic and maintained by synthesis and degradation. The enzyme CD38, one of the main NAD-consuming enzymes, is a key component of NAD homeostasis. The majority of CD38 is localized in the plasma membrane with its catalytic domain facing the extracellular environment, likely for the purpose of controlling systemic levels of NAD. Several cell types express CD38, but its expression predominates on endothelial cells and immune cells capable of infiltrating organs and tissues. Here we review potential roles of CD38 in health and disease and postulate ways in which CD38 dysregulation causes changes in NAD homeostasis and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple conditions. Indeed, in animal models the development of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, fibrosis, metabolic diseases, and age-associated diseases including cancer, heart disease, and neurodegeneration are associated with altered CD38 enzymatic activity. Many of these conditions are modified in CD38-deficient mice or by blocking CD38 NADase activity. In diseases in which CD38 appears to play a role, CD38-dependent NAD decline is often a common denominator of pathophysiology. Thus, understanding dysregulation of NAD homeostasis by CD38 may open new avenues for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna D Zeidler
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kelly A Hogan
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Guillermo Agorrody
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Patologías del Metabolismo y el Envejecimiento, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Thais R Peclat
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sonu Kashyap
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Karina S Kanamori
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lilian Sales Gomez
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Delaram Z Mazdeh
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gina M Warner
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Katie L Thompson
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Claudia C S Chini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Eduardo Nunes Chini
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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Nicotinamide Breaks Effector CD8 T cell Responses by Targeting mTOR Signaling. iScience 2022; 25:103932. [PMID: 35243268 PMCID: PMC8886054 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Campelj D, Philp A. NAD + Therapeutics and Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Exercise in Humans. Sports Med 2022; 52:91-99. [PMID: 36331703 PMCID: PMC9734213 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital energy intermediate in skeletal muscle. The discovery of dietary-derived NAD+ precursors has led to the rapid development of NAD+ therapeutics designed to manipulate NAD+ content in target tissues. Of those developed, nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide have been reported to display health benefit in humans under clinical scenarios of NAD+ deficiency. In contrast, relatively little is known regarding the potential benefit of nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation in healthy individuals, with questions remaining as to whether NAD+ therapeutics can be used to support training adaptation or improve performance in athletic populations. Examining animal and human nicotinamide riboside supplementation studies, this review discusses current evidence suggesting that NAD+ therapeutics do not alter skeletal muscle metabolism or improve athletic performance in healthy humans. Further, we will highlight potential reasons why nicotinamide riboside supplementation studies do not translate to healthy populations and discuss the futility of testing NAD+ therapeutics outside of the clinical populations where NAD+ deficiency is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Campelj
- grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Biology of Ageing Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia ,grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Andrew Philp
- grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Biology of Ageing Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia ,grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Faculty of Health, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
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She J, Sheng R, Qin ZH. Pharmacology and Potential Implications of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Precursors. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1879-1897. [PMID: 34881075 PMCID: PMC8612620 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme I (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+/NADH) and coenzyme II (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADP+/NADPH) are involved in various biological processes in mammalian cells. NAD+ is synthesised through the de novo and salvage pathways, whereas coenzyme II cannot be synthesised de novo. NAD+ is a precursor of coenzyme II. Although NAD+ is synthesised in sufficient amounts under normal conditions, shortage in its supply due to over consumption and its decreased synthesis has been observed with increasing age and under certain disease conditions. Several studies have proved that in a wide range of tissues, such as liver, skin, muscle, pancreas, and fat, the level of NAD+ decreases with age. However, in the brain tissue, the level of NADH gradually increases and that of NAD+ decreases in aged people. The ratio of NAD+/NADH indicates the cellular redox state. A decrease in this ratio affects the cellular anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation functions, which reduces the ability of cells to produce ATP. Therefore, increasing the exogenous NAD+ supply under certain disease conditions or in elderly people may be beneficial. Precursors of NAD+ have been extensively explored and have been reported to effectively increase NAD+ levels and possess a broad range of functions. In this review article, we discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of NAD+ precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing She
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Palmer RD, Vaccarezza M. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and the sirtuins caution: Pro-cancer functions. Aging Med (Milton) 2021; 4:337-344. [PMID: 34964015 PMCID: PMC8711221 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This scoping review aims to perform a brief but comprehensive assessment of existing peer-reviewed literature and determine whether raising nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide can prevent or promote tumorigenesis. The examination of extensive peer-reviewed data regarding the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide has been performed with a focus on nuclear dynamics and the deoxyribose nucleic acid repair pathway. Various enzymatic protective functions have been identified from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels, as well as the threat role that is also explored. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursors and sirtuin-activating compounds are becoming ubiquitous in the commercial market. Further research into whether elevating levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or overexpression of sirtuins can increase the potential for neoplasm or other age-related pathophysiology is warranted due to the high energy requirements of certain diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Vaccarezza
- School of MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesCurtin UniversityBentley, PerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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41
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Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central metabolite involved in energy and redox homeostasis as well as in DNA repair and protein deacetylation reactions. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of NAD+-degrading enzymes, external supplementation of NAD+ precursors, and transgenic overexpression of NAD+-generating enzymes have wide positive effects on metabolic health and age-associated diseases. NAD+ pools tend to decline with normal aging, obesity, and hypertension, which are all major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and NAD+ replenishment extends healthspan, avoids metabolic syndrome, and reduces blood pressure in preclinical models. In addition, experimental elevation of NAD+ improves atherosclerosis, ischemic, diabetic, arrhythmogenic, hypertrophic, or dilated cardiomyopathies, as well as different modalities of heart failure. Here, we critically discuss cardiomyocyte-specific circuitries of NAD+ metabolism, comparatively evaluate distinct NAD+ precursors for their preclinical efficacy, and raise outstanding questions on the optimal design of clinical trials in which NAD+ replenishment or supraphysiological NAD+ elevations are assessed for the prevention or treatment of major cardiac diseases. We surmise that patients with hitherto intractable cardiac diseases such as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction may profit from the administration of NAD+ precursors. The development of such NAD+-centered treatments will rely on technological and conceptual progress on the fine regulation of NAD+ metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (M.A., S.S.).,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France (M.A., G.K.).,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1138, Institut Universitaire de France (M.A., G.K.)
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (M.A., S.S.).,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia (S.S.)
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France (M.A., G.K.).,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1138, Institut Universitaire de France (M.A., G.K.).,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris 7015, France (G.K.)
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Colombo G, Gelardi ELM, Balestrero FC, Moro M, Travelli C, Genazzani AA. Insight Into Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Homeostasis as a Targetable Metabolic Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758320. [PMID: 34880756 PMCID: PMC8645963 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour cells modify their cellular metabolism with the aim to sustain uncontrolled proliferation. Cancer cells necessitate adequate amounts of NAD and NADPH to support several enzymes that are usually overexpressed and/or overactivated. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential cofactor and substrate of several NAD-consuming enzymes, such as PARPs and sirtuins, while NADPH is important in the regulation of the redox status in cells. The present review explores the rationale for targeting the key enzymes that maintain the cellular NAD/NADPH pool in colorectal cancer and the enzymes that consume or use NADP(H).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | - Marianna Moro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Armando A. Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Resveratrol and Quercetin Potentiate the Cell Protection and Rescue Effects of NAD + Precursors in HEK293 Cells Challenged by DNA Damaging Agent, N-Methyl- N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211045465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage plays an essential role in the human ageing process. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that a decreased level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is involved in human ageing and suggested that the natural supplements of NAD+ precursors and its homeostasis regulators might serve as a promising modality to slow down the human ageing process. In the present study, we analyzed the combinational effects and potential mechanism of NAD+ precursors, nicotinic acid (NA) and nicotinamide (NM), and the NAD+’ homeostasis regulators, resveratrol (R), and quercetin (Q) in the protection and rescue of HEK293 cells from N-methyl- N'-nitro- N nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced DNA damage. The results indicate that resveratrol and quercetin can significantly potentiate the cell protection and rescue effects of NAD+ precursors in HEK293 cells attacked by the DNA damaging agent, MNNG. Intracellular NAD+ homeostasis and the PARP1 activation status are the key factors in determining the fate of the cells under DNA damaging stress.
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44
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Obrador E, Salvador-Palmer R, López-Blanch R, Dellinger RW, Estrela JM. NAD + Precursors and Antioxidants for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1000. [PMID: 34440204 PMCID: PMC8394119 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot first described amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) between 1865 and 1874 as a sporadic adult disease resulting from the idiopathic progressive degeneration of the motor neuronal system, resulting in rapid, progressive, and generalized muscle weakness and atrophy. There is no cure for ALS and no proven therapy to prevent it or reverse its course. There are two drugs specifically approved for the treatment of ALS, riluzol and edaravone, and many others have already been tested or are following clinical trials. However, at the present moment, we still cannot glimpse a true breakthrough in the treatment of this devastating disease. Nevertheless, our understanding of the pathophysiology of ALS is constantly growing. Based on this background, we know that oxidative stress, alterations in the NAD+-dependent metabolism and redox status, and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and function in the motor neurons are at the core of the problem. Thus, different antioxidant molecules or NAD+ generators have been proposed for the therapy of ALS. This review analyzes these options not only in light of their use as individual molecules, but with special emphasis on their potential association, and even as part of broader combined multi-therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.-P.); (R.L.-B.)
| | - Rosario Salvador-Palmer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.-P.); (R.L.-B.)
| | - Rafael López-Blanch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.-P.); (R.L.-B.)
| | | | - José M. Estrela
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.-P.); (R.L.-B.)
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45
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Wangpaichitr M, Theodoropoulos G, Nguyen DJM, Wu C, Spector SA, Feun LG, Savaraj N. Cisplatin Resistance and Redox-Metabolic Vulnerability: A Second Alteration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7379. [PMID: 34298999 PMCID: PMC8304747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of drug resistance in tumors is a major obstacle to effective cancer chemotherapy and represents one of the most significant complications to improving long-term patient outcomes. Despite early positive responsiveness to platinum-based chemotherapy, the majority of lung cancer patients develop resistance. The development of a new combination therapy targeting cisplatin-resistant (CR) tumors may mark a major improvement as salvage therapy in these patients. The recent resurgence in research into cellular metabolism has again confirmed that cancer cells utilize aerobic glycolysis ("the Warburg effect") to produce energy. Hence, this observation still remains a characteristic hallmark of altered metabolism in certain cancer cells. However, recent evidence promotes another concept wherein some tumors that acquire resistance to cisplatin undergo further metabolic alterations that increase tumor reliance on oxidative metabolism (OXMET) instead of glycolysis. Our review focuses on molecular changes that occur in tumors due to the relationship between metabolic demands and the importance of NAD+ in redox (ROS) metabolism and the crosstalk between PARP-1 (Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase-1) and SIRTs (sirtuins) in CR tumors. Finally, we discuss a role for the tumor metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (tryptophan catabolism) as effectors of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment during acquisition of resistance in CR cells. Understanding these concepts will form the basis for future targeting of CR cells by exploiting redox-metabolic changes and their consequences on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment as a new approach to improve overall therapeutic outcomes and survival in patients who fail cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhi Wangpaichitr
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Research Service (151), Miami, FL 33125, USA; (G.T.); (D.J.M.N.); (C.W.); (S.A.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - George Theodoropoulos
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Research Service (151), Miami, FL 33125, USA; (G.T.); (D.J.M.N.); (C.W.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Dan J. M. Nguyen
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Research Service (151), Miami, FL 33125, USA; (G.T.); (D.J.M.N.); (C.W.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Chunjing Wu
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Research Service (151), Miami, FL 33125, USA; (G.T.); (D.J.M.N.); (C.W.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Sydney A. Spector
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Research Service (151), Miami, FL 33125, USA; (G.T.); (D.J.M.N.); (C.W.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Lynn G. Feun
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (L.G.F.); (N.S.)
| | - Niramol Savaraj
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (L.G.F.); (N.S.)
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Hematology/Oncology, 1201 NW 16 Street, Room D1010, Miami, FL 33125, USA
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46
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Roussin M, Salcedo SP. NAD+-targeting by bacteria: an emerging weapon in pathogenesis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6315328. [PMID: 34223888 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a major cofactor in redox reactions in all lifeforms. A stable level of NAD+ is vital to ensure cellular homeostasis. Some pathogens can modulate NAD+ metabolism to their advantage and even utilize or cleave NAD+ from the host using specialized effectors known as ADP-ribosyltransferase toxins and NADases, leading to energy store depletion, immune evasion, or even cell death. This review explores recent advances in the field of bacterial NAD+-targeting toxins, highlighting the relevance of NAD+ modulation as an emerging pathogenesis strategy. In addition, we discuss the role of specific NAD+-targeting toxins in niche colonization and bacterial lifestyle as components of Toxin/Antitoxin systems and key players in inter-bacterial competition. Understanding the mechanisms of toxicity, regulation, and secretion of these toxins will provide interesting leads in the search for new antimicrobial treatments in the fight against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Roussin
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5086, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Suzana P Salcedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5086, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Role of PGC-1α in the Mitochondrial NAD + Pool in Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094558. [PMID: 33925372 PMCID: PMC8123861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play vital roles, including ATP generation, regulation of cellular metabolism, and cell survival. Mitochondria contain the majority of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which an essential cofactor that regulates metabolic function. A decrease in both mitochondria biogenesis and NAD+ is a characteristic of metabolic diseases, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) orchestrates mitochondrial biogenesis and is involved in mitochondrial NAD+ pool. Here we discuss how PGC-1α is involved in the NAD+ synthesis pathway and metabolism, as well as the strategy for increasing the NAD+ pool in the metabolic disease state.
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Geisler CE, Miller KE, Ghimire S, Renquist BJ. The Role of GPR109a Signaling in Niacin Induced Effects on Fed and Fasted Hepatic Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4001. [PMID: 33924461 PMCID: PMC8069761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling through GPR109a, the putative receptor for the endogenous ligand β-OH butyrate, inhibits adipose tissue lipolysis. Niacin, an anti-atherosclerotic drug that can induce insulin resistance, activates GPR109a at nM concentrations. GPR109a is not essential for niacin to improve serum lipid profiles. To better understand the involvement of GPR109a signaling in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, we treated GPR109a wild-type (+/+) and knockout (-/-) mice with repeated overnight injections of saline or niacin in physiological states characterized by low (ad libitum fed) or high (16 h fasted) concentrations of the endogenous ligand, β-OH butyrate. In the fed state, niacin increased expression of apolipoprotein-A1 mRNA and decreased sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 mRNA independent of genotype, suggesting a possible GPR109a independent mechanism by which niacin increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production and limits transcriptional upregulation of lipogenic genes. Niacin decreased fasting serum non-esterified fatty acid concentrations in both GPR109a +/+ and -/- mice. Independent of GPR109a expression, niacin blunted fast-induced hepatic triglyceride accumulation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α mRNA expression. Although unaffected by niacin treatment, fasting serum HDL concentrations were lower in GPR109a knockout mice. Surprisingly, GPR109a knockout did not affect glucose or lipid homeostasis or hepatic gene expression in either fed or fasted mice. In turn, GPR109a does not appear to be essential for the metabolic response to the fasting ketogenic state or the acute effects of niacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Geisler
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (C.E.G.); (K.E.M.); (S.G.)
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kendra E. Miller
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (C.E.G.); (K.E.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Susma Ghimire
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (C.E.G.); (K.E.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Benjamin J. Renquist
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (C.E.G.); (K.E.M.); (S.G.)
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Yang H, Li Q, Gong X, Zhang G, Zhu K. Resident bacteria contribute to opportunistic infections of the respiratory tract. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009436. [PMID: 33740012 PMCID: PMC8011790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic pathogens frequently cause volatile infections in hosts with compromised immune systems or a disrupted normal microbiota. The commensalism of diverse microorganisms contributes to colonization resistance, which prevents the expansion of opportunistic pathogens. Following microbiota disruption, pathogens promptly adapt to altered niches and obtain growth advantages. Nevertheless, whether and how resident bacteria modulate the growth dynamics of invasive pathogens and the eventual outcome of such infections are still unclear. Here, we utilized birds as a model animal and observed a resident bacterium exacerbating the invasion of Avibacterium paragallinarum (previously Haemophilus paragallinarum) in the respiratory tract. We first found that negligibly abundant Staphylococcus chromogenes, rather than Staphylococcus aureus, played a dominant role in Av. paragallinarum-associated infectious coryza in poultry based on epidemic investigations and in vitro analyses. Furthermore, we determined that S. chromogenes not only directly provides the necessary nutrition factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) but also accelerates its biosynthesis and release from host cells to promote the survival and growth of Av. paragallinarum. Last, we successfully intervened in Av. paragallinarum-associated infections in animal models using antibiotics that specifically target S. chromogenes. Our findings show that opportunistic pathogens can hijack commensal bacteria to initiate infection and expansion and suggest a new paradigm to ameliorate opportunistic infections by modulating the dynamics of resident bacteria. There is an urgent need for novel intervention strategies and techniques to address the increasing dissemination of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. More importantly, secondary bacterial infections are common in clinical practice, whereas the growth dynamics of each individual in such coinfections are still complicated and elusive. In the current study, we first identified Staphylococcus spp., especially negligibly abundant S. chromogenes, facilitating the pathogenesis of Av. paragallinarum, a Gram-negative bacterium responsible for severe and acute avian respiratory disease worldwide. Furthermore, we developed therapeutic strategies using specific antibiotics against Staphylococcus spp. to relieve clinical symptoms and reduce Av. paragallinarum-associated infections in chickens. These results show that implementation of a proper intervention strategy can prevent opportunistic infections by regulating the microbiota and elucidate the development of alternative approaches for treating Gram-negative pathogenic bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gong
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (GZ); (KZ)
| | - Kui Zhu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (GZ); (KZ)
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Sauer H, Kampmann H, Khosravi F, Sharifpanah F, Wartenberg M. The nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase antagonist FK866 inhibits growth of prostate tumour spheroids and increases doxorubicin retention without changes in drug transporter and cancer stem cell protein expression. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:422-434. [PMID: 33349973 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis and is involved in cancer cell proliferation through regulation of energy production pathways. Therefore, NAMPT inhibitors are promising drugs for cancer therapy by limiting energy supply of tumours. Herein, we demonstrated that the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 ((E)-N-(4-(1-Benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide) dose-dependently inhibited growth and cell motility of DU-145 prostate tumour spheroids and decreased the intracellular ATP concentration. The apoptosis marker cleaved caspase-3 remained unchanged, but the autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) was upregulated. Growth inhibition was reversed upon co-administration of NAD to the cell culture medium. FK866 decreased calcein as well as pheophorbide A efflux from tumour spheroids and increased doxorubicin toxicity, indicating interference with function of drug efflux transporters. DU-145 multicellular tumour spheroids expressed the stem cell associated markers CD133, CD44, Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and drug transporters ABCB1, ABCG2, and ABCC1 which are associated with stem cell properties in cancer cells. The ABCB1 inhibitor zosuquidar, the ABCG2 inhibitor Ko143, and the ABCC1 inhibitor MK571 increased calcein retention. Neither protein expression of stem cell markers, nor drug transporters was significantly changed upon FK866 treatment. In conclusion, our data suggest that FK866 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation by interference with the energy metabolism, and function of drug efflux transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Sauer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Henning Kampmann
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Farhad Khosravi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Sharifpanah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Maria Wartenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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