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Liu E, Gerritsen S, Lovell A, Gontijo de Castro T, Wall C. Food neophobia scores at 8 Years and associations with nutrition-related behaviors at home in early life: Findings from a New Zealand contemporary birth cohort. Appetite 2024; 202:107619. [PMID: 39097097 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Food neophobia (FN) reduces nutritional adequacy and variety which poses a significant concern for children's health and well-being We described the FN scores among 8-year-olds and examined its associations with nutrition-related behaviors at 45 months within the Growing Up in New Zealand cohort (n = 4621). FN was estimated using the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS). Mean FNS scores between variable categories were compared using t-tests for independent samples and ANOVA. Associations between FNS scores at 8 years and nutrition-related behaviors at 45-months were examined using multivariate linear regression. The mean (standard deviation) FN score was 46.2 (15.2) with statistically significant differences by sex (boys = 47.6 (15.7), girls = 43.8 (14.2), p=<0.001). For all children, in models adjusted by breastfeeding duration and sociodemographic characteristics: children who sometimes and never/almost never ate the same foods as their parents, scored, on average, 5.8 and 11 points higher in the FNS (versus those who did always/almost always); children who occasionally/never found mealtimes enjoyable scored on average 3.6 points lower in the FNS (versus mostly/quite often); children who always/almost always had the television on during mealtimes scored on average 2.7 higher in the FNS (versus never/almost never). In comparison to children who mostly/quite often had time to talk to others during mealtimes, those who never/occasionally did it scored on average higher points in the FNS overall (1.46 points higher) and within girls (1.73 points higher). These findings support the eating behavior statements in the National Children's Food and Nutrition Guidelines, which emphasize early exposure to food variety, limiting mealtime distractions, and acknowledge that parental role modeling shapes children's nutrition-related behaviors. Early adoption of preventative interventions for reducing FN in early and middle childhood are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Gerritsen
- Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amy Lovell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Teresa Gontijo de Castro
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Clare Wall
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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2
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Mumena WA, Kutbi HA. Fruit and vegetable consumption among children in Saudi Arabia: Predictors and associations with dietary intake. J Hum Nutr Diet 2024; 37:1277-1287. [PMID: 38865290 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data exploring factors related to the consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) among children in Saudi Arabia are lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate F&V consumption among Saudi children. Predictors of F&V intake and associations with dietary intake were also explored. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 424 Saudi children (6-12 years) were collected from their mothers using an online survey. Phone interviews were conducted with mothers and children to provide data on dietary intake of children. RESULTS Most children included in the study (92.2%, n = 391) consumed less than five servings of F&V per day. Region of residency (B = -0.14, SE = 0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.25 to -0.02, p = 0.019), paternal education level (B = 0.52, SE = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.24-0.79, p < 0.001) and family monthly income (B = 0.15, SE = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.01-0.29, p = 0.034) predicted the intake of F&V. Food neophobia and food pickiness also predicted the intake of F&V (B = -0.16, SE = 0.06, 95% CI = -0.27 to -0.05, p = 0.005 and B = -0.24, SE = 0.06, 95% CI = -0.36 to -0.12, p < 0.001, respectively). Children's intake of F&V positively predicted the intake of fibre, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iodine and vitamin C. CONCLUSIONS Limited intake of F&V was observed among Saudi children. F&V consumption was found to be associated with a number of sociodemographic factors, including region of residency, paternal education level and family income, as well as children's food neophobia and pickiness. Children's intake of F&V predicted higher intake of fibre, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iodine and vitamin C, suggesting that F&V consumption may contribute to improved intake of key nutrients in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Abdullah Mumena
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebah Alawi Kutbi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Nansel TR, Schwedhelm C, Lipsky LM, Faith MS, Siega-Riz AM. Socioeconomic Characteristics and the Home Food Environment Are Associated With Feeding Healthful and Discretionary Foods During the First Year of Life in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024:S2212-2672(24)00249-1. [PMID: 38777149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feeding of nutrient-poor foods begins in infancy and may adversely influence long-term food preferences. OBJECTIVE To examine associations of socioeconomic characteristics, childbearing parent eating behaviors, and home food environment with infant feeding characteristics. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study from first trimester of pregnancy through 12 months postpartum. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and no major chronic illness were enrolled from November 2014 through October 2016 from 2 university-based obstetrics clinics in Chapel Hill, NC. Of 458 enrolled, 321 were retained through 12 months postpartum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed infant food frequency questionnaires indicating age at introduction and frequency of consuming multiple food groups. Exposures included childbearing parent socioeconomic characteristics, hedonic hunger, addictive-like eating, Healthy Eating Index 2015 calculated from three 24-hour diet recalls, and home food environment fruit/vegetable and obesogenic scores. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Multiple imputation using Heckman selection model; linear and logistic regressions examining associations with infant feeding characteristics. RESULTS Lower education and income were associated with later infant age at introduction to, and lower frequency of consuming fruits and vegetables at age 12 months. Socioeconomic characteristics were not associated with age at introduction to discretionary solid foods; however, lower education and income were associated with greater infant frequency of intake of discretionary foods and greater odds of introducing fruit juice and sweetened beverages by age 12 months. Childbearing parent Healthy Eating Index 2015, hedonic hunger, and addictive-like eating were not consistently associated with infant feeding characteristics. A more obesogenic food environment was associated with greater frequency of intake of discretionary foods, lower frequency of intake of fruit, and greater odds of fruit juice introduction by age 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Infant feeding characteristics may be important intervention targets for addressing socioeconomic disparities in child diet quality. Efforts to reduce routine feeding of discretionary foods across socioeconomic groups are needed; modifying the home food environment may promote healthful infant feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonja R Nansel
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Carolina Schwedhelm
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leah M Lipsky
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Myles S Faith
- Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo- SUNY, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
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Finistrella V, Gianni N, Fintini D, Menghini D, Amendola S, Donini LM, Manco M. Neophobia, sensory experience and child's schemata contribute to food choices. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:25. [PMID: 38587606 PMCID: PMC11001701 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present review is to analyze dynamic interactions between nutrigenomics, environmental cues, and parental influence, which can all lead to children's neophobic reactions and its persistence in time. METHODS We reviewed studies available on electronic databases, conducted on children aged from birth to 18 years. We also considered official websites of Italian Institutions, providing advice on healthy eating during infancy. RESULTS Modern day societies are faced with an eating paradox, which has severe and ever-growing implications for health. In face of a wider availability of healthy foods, individuals instead often choose processed foods high in fat, salt and sugar content. Economic reasons surely influence consumers' access to foods. However, there is mounting evidence that food choices depend on the interplay between social learning and genetic predispositions (e.g., individual eating traits and food schemata). Neophobia, the behavioral avoidance of new foods, represents an interesting trait, which can significantly influence children's food refusal. Early sensory experiences and negative cognitive schemata, in the context of primary caregiver-child interactions, importantly contribute to the priming of children's food rejection. CONCLUSIONS As neophobia strongly affects consumption of healthy foods, it will be relevant to rule definitively out its role in the genesis of maladaptive food choices and weight status in longitudinal studies tracking to adulthood and, in meanwhile, implement early in life effective social learning strategies, to reduce long-term effects of neophobia on dietary patterns and weight status. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, controlled trials without randomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Finistrella
- Unit of Predictive and Preventive Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Via F. Baldelli 38, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gianni
- Unit of Predictive and Preventive Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Via F. Baldelli 38, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Fintini
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Deny Menghini
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Science, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Amendola
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Science, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Melania Manco
- Unit of Predictive and Preventive Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Via F. Baldelli 38, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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Chacón V, Chung M, Folta SC, Hennessy E, Macfarlane H, Roberto CA, Tovar A, Wilson NLW, Economos CD. The longitudinal association between caregivers' perceived competence and autonomy and children's dietary consumption before and 10 months into the COVID-19 pandemic. Appetite 2024; 195:107205. [PMID: 38242361 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been stressful, potentially affecting caregivers' feeding choices. Caregivers play a role in shaping children's diets, yet few studies have explored how their competence and autonomy, defined by the Self-Determination Theory, impact children's diets. We examined the relationship between caregivers' autonomy and competence and their feeding practices before and during the first year of the pandemic. A national convenience sample of caregivers with 3-12-year-old children completed an online survey during two time-periods. Questions adapted from the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory measured perceived competence and autonomy for feeding fruits and vegetables (F/V) and limiting sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and desserts. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Dietary Screener questions measured children's consumption of F/V, SSBs, and desserts. Paired t-tests examined how child consumption and caregiver's perceived competence and autonomy changed, and logistic regressions examined whether caregivers' competence and autonomy predicted the change in child consumption and if changes in competence and autonomy were associated with changes in child consumption. Caregivers (n = 597) were mostly Black/African American (33.0%) or Latina/o/x (42.7%) and older than 30 years (84.1%). Children's consumption did not change overall, but caregivers' competence for feeding F/V increased, and their competence for limiting SSBs and desserts decreased. Caregiver competence and autonomy before COVID-19 did not predict child dietary consumption during the pandemic. However, change in competence was a significant predictor of the change in child consumption of F/V [OR (95%CI): 0.70 (0.57, 0.86)]. The association between caregiver's perceived competence for feeding F/V and child consumption remained positive and significant in both periods [OR (95%CI) pre and during COVID: 2.09 (1.69, 2.57) - 2.40 (1.88, 3.06)]. This study can inform behavioral interventions supporting caregivers' competence and autonomy around feeding choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Chacón
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Mei Chung
- Division of Nutrition Epidemiology and Data Science, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Sara C Folta
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Erin Hennessy
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Hannah Macfarlane
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Christina A Roberto
- Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4884, USA
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Norbert L W Wilson
- Duke Divinity School, Sanford School of Public Policy, and Director of the World Food Policy Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Christina D Economos
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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Edwards KL, Thomas JM, Higgs S, Blissett J. Repeated exposure to models' positive facial expressions whilst eating a raw vegetable increases children's consumption of the modelled vegetable. Eat Behav 2024; 53:101872. [PMID: 38537417 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Exposing children to adults eating a raw vegetable with positive facial expressions ('positive modelling') increases children's consumption of the modelled vegetable. However, whether repeated versus a single exposure to positive modelling enhances this effect, and whether it generalises to a non-modelled vegetable, remains to be examined. Hence, this study examined the effect of a single exposure, versus repeated, exposure to positive modelling on children's acceptance and intake of a modelled and non-modelled vegetable. Children aged 5-6 years (N = 153; 81 males, 72 females) were randomised to one of three conditions in which they had i) a single or ii) repeated exposure to a video of adults eating raw broccoli with positive facial expressions or iii) were exposed to a no-food control video. Children's acceptance (measured as willingness to try and number of tastes), intake and liking of a modelled (raw broccoli) and non-modelled vegetable (raw mangetout) were measured. Children had greater raw broccoli consumption and liking if they had received repeated exposure to positive modelling, compared to children who had received a single exposure, but not compared to children in the control condition. Children's mangetout intake was greater in the single (versus repeated) positive condition, but this effect was not dependent on time. There was no effect on children's vegetable acceptance. Repeatedly exposing children to adults enjoying a vegetable encourages children's intake of the modelled vegetable in comparison to a single exposure. Thus, repeated exposure to others' food enjoyment may be a practical and useful strategy to encourage children's vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Edwards
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Jason M Thomas
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Suzanne Higgs
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jacqueline Blissett
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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7
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Zagkos L, Schwinges A, Amin HA, Dovey T, Drenos F. Exploring the contribution of lifestyle to the impact of education on the risk of cancer through Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6074. [PMID: 38480817 PMCID: PMC10937644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Educational attainment (EA) has been linked to the risk of several types of cancer, despite having no expected direct biological connection. In this paper, we investigate the mediating role of alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetable consumption, fruit consumption and body mass index (BMI) in explaining the effect of EA on 7 cancer groupings. Large-scale genome wide association study (GWAS) results were used to construct the genetic instrument for EA and the lifestyle factors. We conducted GWAS in the UK Biobank sample in up to 335,024 individuals to obtain genetic association data for the cancer outcomes. Univariable and multivariable two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses and mediation analyses were then conducted to explore the causal effect and mediating proportions of these relations. MR mediation analysis revealed that reduced lifetime smoking index accounted for 81.7% (49.1% to 100%) of the protective effect of higher EA on lower respiratory cancer. Moreover, the effect of higher EA on lower respiratory cancer was mediated through vegetable consumption by 10.2% (4.4% to 15.9%). We found genetic evidence that the effect of EA on groups of cancer is due to behavioural changes in avoiding well established risk factors such as smoking and vegetable consuming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukas Zagkos
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH2, UK.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Alexander Schwinges
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Hasnat A Amin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH2, UK
| | - Terry Dovey
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH2, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH2, UK.
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Chacón V, Folta SC, Hennessy E, Leak TM, Macfarlane H, Roberto CA, Tovar A, Wilson N, Economos CD. Are Caregivers' Feeding Competence and Autonomy Associated with Healthier Restaurant Food Purchases for Their Child at Fast Food or Counter Service Restaurants? A Cross-Sectional Study in a Diverse Sample of U.S. Caregivers. Nutrients 2024; 16:479. [PMID: 38398803 PMCID: PMC10892913 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the cross-sectional relationship between caregivers' perceived competence and autonomy (as defined by the Self-Determination Theory) and their fast food or counter service restaurant food purchases (side dishes, beverage, and dessert) for their child. A U.S. national convenience sample of caregivers with at least one 3-12-year-old child completed an online survey with questions adapted from the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory that measured perceived competence and autonomy for feeding fruits and vegetables and limiting sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and desserts. The survey included four questions asking about their fast food or counter service restaurant food purchases (side dish, beverage, and dessert). We applied logistic and multinomial logistic regression models to examine the associations between competence or autonomy and restaurant orders. Competence and autonomy were associated with ordering fruits and vegetables as side dishes (OR [95% CI], 1.14 [1.06, 1.24] and 1.09 [1.03, 1.14], respectively). However, higher competence was also associated with ordering desserts at restaurants and higher autonomy was associated with lower odds of ordering water. These findings will inform interventions and programs that aim to support caregivers' psychological needs, like competence and autonomy, to promote supportive environments and healthier restaurant purchases for their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Chacón
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sara C Folta
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Erin Hennessy
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Tashara M Leak
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Reservoir Ave, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 70th Street, M-522, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Hannah Macfarlane
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Christina A Roberto
- Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4884, USA
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Norbert Wilson
- Duke Divinity School, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- World Food Policy Center, Sandford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Christina D Economos
- ChildObesity180, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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9
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Taquet J, Verbeken S, Goossens L. Examining the whole plate: The role of the family context in the understanding of children's food refusal behaviors. Eat Behav 2024; 52:101828. [PMID: 38006775 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the context of understanding children's food refusal behaviors, such as food fussiness and food neophobia, research has predominantly focused on the role of parental feeding strategies. However, little is known about which general family context variables add to the understanding of children's food refusal behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between 1) parents' own use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies when they are anxious, 2) parents' reactions towards their children's emotions in stressful situations, and 3) parenting styles on the one hand, and children's food refusal behaviors on the other. METHODS Mothers and fathers (N = 157) of young children (M = 4.64, SD = 1.7) completed a series of self- and parent-report questionnaires. RESULTS The model examining the role of parenting styles was found to be significantly related to food refusal behaviors in children. More specifically, the current findings demonstrate that higher levels of a coercive parenting style were associated with higher levels of both food fussiness and food neophobia in children. Furthermore, higher levels of a chaotic parenting styles were associated with higher levels of food neophobia in children. The models examining parents' maladjusted emotion regulation strategies when anxious and parents' reactions towards their children's emotions during stressful situations were not found to be significant. CONCLUSIONS Factors related to the parenting style appear to be important for understanding food refusal behaviors in children. Replication of the findings using longitudinal and observational designs is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Taquet
- Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sandra Verbeken
- Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lien Goossens
- Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Białek-Dratwa A, Kowalski O. Infant Complementary Feeding Methods and Subsequent Occurrence of Food Neophobia-A Cross-Sectional Study of Polish Children Aged 2-7 Years. Nutrients 2023; 15:4590. [PMID: 37960243 PMCID: PMC10648584 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food neophobia is standard behaviour in child development. It is a complex process and occurs to varying degrees. The symptoms of neophobia can be variable depending on the individual. Food neophobia is a fear of new foods, whereby difficulties in eating and trying unfamiliar foods follow. It is one of the more vital determinants of the number of meals consumed at a young age. Such a process is not a disorder in itself but can lead to one. The highest severity of neophobia occurs between the ages of two and six, but in some children, it lasts beyond age 6. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of food neophobia among children aged 2-7 years, taking into account the method of complementary feeding, the length of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, the period of introduction of complementary foods, and the use of the BLW method during the period of dietary expansion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used an anonymous survey questionnaire consisting of five parts as the research tool. The first part of the questionnaire was a metric and concerned the socio-demographic data of the parent/guardian and their child. A standardised questionnaire assessing food neophobia among children was used to assess food neophobia: the Food Neophobia Scale-Children (FNSC). RESULTS In the study group, 171 children (29.23%) had a low risk of food neophobia according to the FNSC, 182 children (31.11%) had a medium risk of neophobia, and 232 children (39.66%) had a high risk of neophobia. A correlation was observed between the age and the risk of food neophobia (p = 0.0002). Statistically significant differences were found between children aged 2 and 4 (p = 0.003) and children aged 2 and 5 years (p = 0.049). We observed no correlation between gagging (p = 0.88557), choking (p = 0.17597), and needing medical intervention (p = 0.61427) and the risk of associated neophobia. CONCLUSION In the study group of children, the highest risk of food neophobia was characterized by children aged 4, 5, and 7 years. The length of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding did not affect the risk of food neophobia. In the month in which complementary feeding (CF) was introduced, the children were fed using the baby-led weaning method (BLW method), and introducing puree and puree with lump food into the children's diet also did not affect the risk of food neophobia. It was shown, however, that children whose mothers observed difficulties during CF and whose children had a vomiting reflex and spat food out of their mouths during CF were more likely to develop food neophobia at the preschool age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Białek-Dratwa
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Oskar Kowalski
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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del Campo C, Bouzas C, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Tur JA. Assessing Food Preferences and Neophobias among Spanish Adolescents from Castilla-La Mancha. Foods 2023; 12:3717. [PMID: 37893610 PMCID: PMC10606373 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Food neophobia is a reaction of dislike or fear of food, which may be due to a wide variety of factors (taste, texture, exposure at an early age, genetics, or diversity in feeding practices and food consumption). The aim of this study was to assess the preferences for tastes and foods and food neophobias among Spanish adolescents and to compare the differences between boys and girls. This was a cross-sectional observational study on 11-18-year-old healthy adolescents (n = 600; 50% female) recruited in the Castilla-La Mancha region (central Spain). Information on taste preferences, food neophobias, anthropometric measurements, and sociodemographic data was recorded. The highest taste preference was found for sweet, salty, and umami. Most adolescents usually did not try new foods outside the home, nor did they like to try foods from other countries. More than half of them also acknowledged being selective eaters or were very particular about the foods they ate. There were no significant associations between taste preference and neophobias with obesity, waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), sleep, and smoking. Adolescents showed a high unwillingness to change food habits, and most of the food neophobias found in the current study were related to new, novel, or previously unknown foods. Spanish adolescents from central Spain (Castilla-La Mancha region) showed a preference for sweet, salty, and umami tastes of foods, as well as food neophobia towards foods that they do not regularly consume, mainly those with a bitter taste. Gender and body weight showed little influence, and age had a moderate influence on food neophobias. Familiarity with foods, as well as educational activities, are suggested as useful to decrease food neophobias among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen del Campo
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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12
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Kininmonth AR, Herle M, Haycraft E, Farrow C, Tommerup K, Croker H, Pickard A, Edwards K, Blissett J, Llewellyn C. Reciprocal associations between parental feeding practices and child eating behaviours from toddlerhood to early childhood: bivariate latent change analysis in the Gemini cohort. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:1432-1445. [PMID: 37183771 PMCID: PMC10953001 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental feeding practices (PFPs) are a key component of a child's food environment. Parent-child feeding relationships are hypothesised to be bidirectional; however, to date, few large prospective studies have examined this, instead focussing on unidirectional relationships. As such, the direction of relationships between PFPs and children's eating behaviours remains unclear. METHODS Data were from Gemini, a population-based sample of children born in England and Wales in 2007. Children's eating behaviours and PFPs were measured at 15/16 months and 5 years using validated psychometric measures (n = 1,858 children). Bivariate Latent Change Score Modelling was used to examine the nature of relationships between PFPs and children's eating behaviours at 15/16 months and 5 years. Models were adjusted to account for clustering of twins within families and for sex of the child, socioeconomic status, gestational age and age of the child at measurement time points. RESULTS A reciprocal relationship was observed between instrumental feeding and emotional overeating, with greater instrumental feeding predicting greater increases in emotional overeating (β = .09; 0.03-0.15; p = .004) and vice versa (β = .09; 0.03-0.15; p = .005). Reciprocity was also observed between encouragement to eat nutritious foods and children's enjoyment of food, with greater encouragement predicting greater increases in enjoyment of food (β = .08; 0.02-0.13; p = .006) and vice versa (β = .07; 0.02-0.11; p = .003). Parent-child associations and child-parent associations were also observed. CONCLUSION These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that certain feeding practices are used as a 'natural' response to a child expressing a greater interest in and enthusiasm for food, but at the same time, such practices impact the development of eating behaviours by nurturing and encouraging the expression of higher emotional overeating and greater enjoyment of food in preschool years. The findings provide important insights into the PFPs and eating behaviour traits that could be targeted as part of a tailored feeding intervention to support parents of children during the preschool formative years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice R. Kininmonth
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health CareUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Moritz Herle
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Clare Farrow
- School of Psychology, Institute of Health and NeurodevelopmentAston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Kristiane Tommerup
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health CareUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Helen Croker
- World Cancer Research Fund InternationalLondonUK
| | - Abigail Pickard
- School of Psychology, Institute of Health and NeurodevelopmentAston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Katie Edwards
- School of Psychology, Institute of Health and NeurodevelopmentAston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Jacqueline Blissett
- School of Psychology, Institute of Health and NeurodevelopmentAston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health CareUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Ferreira P, Warkentin S, Oliveira A. Appetitive traits and food groups consumption in school-aged children: prospective associations from the Generation XXI birth cohort. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:67. [PMID: 37542554 PMCID: PMC10404169 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Appetite can influence children's dietary choices; however, this relationship in school-aged children is still unclear. We aimed to explore the prospective associations between child appetitive traits at age 7 and food consumption at 10 years of age. METHODS The study included 3860 children from the Generation XXI birth cohort, recruited in 2005/2006 in Porto, Portugal. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire was used to evaluate children's appetitive traits at 7 years. Food consumption was measured at 10 years through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were performed and adjusted for possible confounders. RESULTS Children with greater Enjoyment of Food at 7 years were 36% more likely to eat fruits ≥ 2 times/day and 54% more likely to eat vegetables > 2.5 times/day at 10 years compared to those with less frequent consumption. Children who ate more in response to negative emotions had higher odds of consuming energy-dense foods (OR = 1.33; 99% CI 1.13-1.58) and salty snacks (OR = 1.28; 99% CI 1.08-1.51) 3 years later. Those with less ability to adjust intake (higher Satiety Responsiveness) and more selective about foods (higher Food Fussiness) at 7 years were less likely to consume vegetables frequently, and were more likely to consume energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS Children's appetitive traits at 7 years were associated with the consumption of several food groups at 10 years of age. Eating more in response to negative emotions (Emotional Eating), with less ability to adjust intake (Satiety Responsiveness) and more food selectivity (Food Fussiness) were associated with worse dietary choices (in general, lower fruit and vegetables, and higher energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah Warkentin
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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Semagn BE, Abubakari A. Zero fruits/vegetables consumption and associated factors among Children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia: Mixed effect logistic regression analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288732. [PMID: 37450483 PMCID: PMC10348598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first two years of life is a vital period for promoting optimal growth, development and health. The lifelong nutritional habit and overall health of children is influenced by their early age feeding practice. Ethiopia is among the top five countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with the highest burden of zero fruits/vegetables consumption. This study aims to access factors associated with zero fruits/vegetables consumption among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia. METHODS The study analyzed Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019 dataset with a total weighted sample of 1459 young children aged between 6-23 months and who were living with their mothers. Data cleaning, coding and labeling were done using STATA version 14 software. Multilevel mixed effect logistic regression model was employed to identify associated factors. RESULTS Exactly 69.3% of children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia had zero fruits/vegetables consumption. In the multivariable multilevel binary logistic regression analysis a child from household with middle (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.86) and rich (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.60) wealth index, mothers who aged between 25-34 years old (AOR = 0.44; 95%CI = 0.29-0.69), mothers who were married/living with partner (AOR = 3.21; 95%CI: 1.58-6.52), children of mothers who follow Islamic religion (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.61), mothers who had more than four ANC visits during their most recent pregnancy (AOR = 0.57; 95%CI: 0.39-0.83), children in age group of 12-18 month(AOR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.59), and 19-23 months (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.40), health facility delivery (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI; 1.00-2.30), and small peripheral regions (AOR = 4.40, 95% CI; 1.39-13.97) were found to be significant factors associated with children's zero fruits /vegetables consumption. The Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value in the null model was 0.34, which indicates that 34% of the variation in children's zero fruits /vegetables consumption was attributed to the variation between clusters. CONCLUSION This study found that zero fruits/vegetables consumption among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia is high. Therefore, efforts should be made by stakeholders who are concerned about optimal diet and health of children to improve fruits/vegetables consumption of children particularly those from poor households, young mothers (15-24), and peripheral regions of Ethiopia. This could be done during ANC follow up visits and during nutrition counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhan Ewunu Semagn
- Department of Public Health, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulai Abubakari
- Department of Global and International Health, School of Public Health, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
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15
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Kim KN, Shin MK. Association of Infant Feeding Characteristics With Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Korean Childhood. J Prev Med Public Health 2023; 56:338-347. [PMID: 37551072 PMCID: PMC10415650 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.22.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Young children's feeding characteristics can play an important role in eating habits and health during later childhood. This study was conducted to examine the associations of feeding characteristics with dietary patterns and obesity in children. METHODS This study utilized data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2013 and 2017. In total, 802 toddlers were included, with information on their demographic characteristics, feeding practices and duration, and 24-hour recall obtained from their parents. Feeding characteristics were categorized into feeding type, duration of total breastfeeding, duration of total formula feeding, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and age when starting formula feeding. Dietary patterns were identified based on factor loadings for the food groups for 3 major factors, with "vegetables & traditional," "fish & carbohydrates," and "sweet & fat" patterns. Overweight/obesity was defined as ≥85th percentile in body mass index based on the 2017 Korean National Growth charts for children and adolescents. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine associations between feeding characteristics and dietary patterns. The association between dietary patterns and obesity was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The early introduction of formula feeding was inversely associated with the "vegetables & traditional" pattern (β=-0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.34 to -0.02). A higher "vegetables & traditional" intake was associated with a lower risk of obesity (odds ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.95). CONCLUSIONS Feeding characteristics are associated with dietary patterns in later childhood, and dietary patterns were shown to have a potential protective association against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Nam Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul,
Korea
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Kim KN, Shin MK. Feeding characteristics in infancy affect fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary variety in early childhood. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:307-315. [PMID: 37009139 PMCID: PMC10042718 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.2.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown an association between breastfeeding and higher fruit and vegetable consumption and the level of dietary variety in children. However, few studies have reported this association on the feeding characteristics. Therefore, this study examined the association of the feeding characteristics with the consumption of fruit and vegetable and dietary variety in children. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study recruited 802 participants from their parents with information on their feeding, and 24-h dietary recall. The associations of the feeding characteristics with fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary variety score (DVS) were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS Compared to the feeding type of exclusive breastfed children, exclusive formula-fed children had a significant association with a lower DVS (odds ratio [OR], 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23-0.77). Fruit and vegetable consumption was classified into 6 groups: non-salted vegetables (NSV), salted vegetables (SV), fruit (F), total vegetables (TV), non-salted vegetables + fruit (NSVF), and total vegetables + fruit (TVF). According to the mean level of fruit and vegetable consumption, compared to the duration of total breastfeeding for 6 month or less, a greater duration of breastfeeding for 12 mon had a significant association with a higher intake of NSVF and TVF (OR, 1.85, 95% CI, 1.20-2.85 and OR, 1.89, 95% CI, 1.22-2.92). On the other hand, the early introduction of formula feeding for 4 mon had a significant association with a lower intake of F and NSVF (OR, 0.59, 95% CI, 0.38-0.91 and OR, 0.63, 95% CI, 0.40-0.99). CONCLUSIONS These results confirm that breastfeeding is associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary variety, whereas formula feeding is associated with lower fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary variety. Therefore, the feeding characteristics in infants may affect fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary variety in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Nam Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University College of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University College of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Yong C, Kuang X, Liu Y, Xiang C, Xi Y, Huo J, Liang J, Zou H, Lin Q. Parental food neophobia, feeding practices, and preschooler's food neophobia: A cross-sectional study in China. Appetite 2023; 185:106547. [PMID: 36958634 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between parental food neophobia, feeding practices, and preschoolers' food neophobia in China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1616 pairs of preschoolers and their parents. Electronic questionnaires were conducted to collect information about social and demographic characteristics, scores of food neophobia among both children and their parents, parents' feeding patterns and children's dietary quality. RESULTS Children's average food neophobia score was 23.72 ± 4.45. There was a positive correlation between parental food neophobia score (β: 0.154; 95%CI: 0.113, 0.195), pressure to eat (β: 0.694; 95%CI: 0.423, 0.964), postpartum breastfeeding initiation (β: 0.010; 95%CI: 0.002, 0.018), and children's score of food neophobia. However, parental modeling (β: -0.470; 95%CI: -0.732, -0.207) and the frequency of children eating with their families at home (β: -0.407; 95%CI: -0.707, -0.108) were negatively associated with children's food neophobia scores. The consumption frequencies of vegetables(P < 0.001), fruits(P < 0.001), domestic animals and poultry(P < 0.01), aquatic products(P < 0.05), beans and their products(P < 0.01), eggs(P < 0.05) and nuts(P < 0.05) and children's dietary diversity score (P < 0.001) are negatively associated with children' food neophobia score. While the consumption frequencies of fast food(P < 0.001), sweets(P < 0.01) and puffed/fried food(P < 0.001) were positively associated with children's food neophobia. CONCLUSION Chinese preschoolers' food neophobia needs more attention because children with high food neophobia tend to have lower dietary quality. Children whose parents have high-level food neophobia should be the focus of early prevention. Earlier postpartum breastfeeding, more use of parental modelling, less pressure to eat and higher frequency of children eating with families are helpful to reduce the incidence of children's food neophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiting Yong
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Xiaoni Kuang
- Department of Child Care, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, 416 Chengnan East Rd of Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Child Care, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, 416 Chengnan East Rd of Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Caihong Xiang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Yue Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiaqi Huo
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Jiajing Liang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Hanshaung Zou
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410078, China.
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Sato N, Miyamoto M, Santa R, Sasaki A, Shibuya K. Cross-modal and subliminal effects of smell and color. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14874. [PMID: 36814960 PMCID: PMC9940644 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined whether the cross-modal effect can be obtained between odors and colors, which has been confirmed under olfactory recognizable conditions and also occurs under unrecognizable conditions. We used two flavors of red fruits such as strawberries and tomatoes for this purpose. We also aimed to compare whether similar cross-modal effects could be achieved by setting the flavors at recognizable (liminal) and unrecognizable (subliminal) concentrations in the experiment. One flavor at a normal concentration (0.1%, Liminal condition) and one at a concentration below the subliminal threshold (0.015%, Subliminal condition), were presented, and the color that resembled the smell most closely from among the 10 colors, was selected by participants. Except for the subliminal tomato condition, each odor was significantly associated with at least one color (p < 0.01). Participants selected pink and red for liminal strawberry (0.1%) (p < 0.05), pink for subliminal strawberry (0.015%) (p < 0.05), and orange for liminal tomato (0.1%) (p < 0.05), but there was no color selected for subliminal tomato (0.015%) (p < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that the flavor of tomato produced a cross-modal effect in liminal conditions, but not in subliminal conditions. On the other hand, the results of the present study suggest that the flavor of strawberries produces a cross-modal effect even under subliminal conditions. This study showed that cross-modal effects might exist, even at unrecognizable levels of flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Sato
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan,Department of Health and Nutrition, Yamagata Prefectural Yonezawa University of Nutrition Sciences, Yonezawa, Japan
| | - Mana Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan,Department of Health and Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Risa Santa
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sasaki
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenichi Shibuya
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan,Department of Health and Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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Prevalence and maternal determinants of early and late introduction of complementary foods: results from the Growing Up in New Zealand cohort study. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:491-502. [PMID: 35403582 PMCID: PMC9876814 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452200112x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A nationally generalisable cohort (n 5770) was used to determine the prevalence of non-timely (early/late) introduction of complementary food and core food groups and associations with maternal sociodemographic and health behaviours in New Zealand (NZ). Variables describing maternal characteristics and infant food introduction were sourced, respectively, from interviews completed antenatally and during late infancy. The NZ Infant Feeding Guidelines were used to define early (≤ 4 months) and late (≥ 7 months) introduction. Associations were examined using multivariable multinomial regression, presented as adjusted relative risk ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (RRR; 95% CI). Complementary food introduction was early for 40·2 % and late for 3·2 %. The prevalence of early food group introduction were fruit/vegetables (23·8 %), breads/cereals (36·3 %), iron-rich foods (34·1 %) and of late were meat/meat alternatives (45·9 %), dairy products (46·2 %) and fruits/vegetables (9·9 %). Compared with infants with timely food introduction, risk of early food introduction was increased for infants: breastfed < 6months (2·52; 2·19-2·90), whose mothers were < 30 years old (1·69; 1·46-1·94), had a diploma/trade certificate v. tertiary education (1·39; 1·1-1·70), of Māori v. European ethnicity (1·40; 1·12-1·75) or smoked during pregnancy (1·88; 1·44-2·46). Risk of late food introduction decreased for infants breastfed < 6 months (0·47; 0.27-0·80) and increased for infants whose mothers had secondary v. tertiary education (2·04; 1·16-3·60) were of Asian v. European ethnicity (2·22; 1·35, 3·63) or did not attend childbirth preparation classes (2·23; 1·24-4·01). Non-timely food introduction, specifically early food introduction, is prevalent in NZ. Interventions to improve food introduction timeliness should be ethnic-specific and support longer breast-feeding.
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Cosco NG, Wells NM, Zhang D, Goodell LS, Monsur M, Xu T, Moore RC. Hands-on childcare garden intervention: A randomized controlled trial to assess effects on fruit and vegetable identification, liking, and consumption among children aged 3–5 years in North Carolina. Front Psychol 2022; 13:993637. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.993637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gardening at childcare centers may have a potent influence on young children’s learning about fruits and vegetables and their development of healthy dietary behaviors. This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of a garden intervention on fruit and vegetable (FV) identification, FV liking, and FV consumption among 3–5-year-old children enrolled in childcare centers in Wake County, North Carolina, USA. Eligible childcare centers (serving primarily low-income families) were randomly selected and then randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) intervention; (2) waitlist-control that served as a control in year 1 and received the intervention in year 2; or (3) no-intervention control. From the 15 participating childcare centers, 285 children aged 3–5 years were consented by their parents or guardians to participate. The intervention comprised six standardized, raised, mulched garden beds, planted with warm-season annual vegetables and fruits, and perennial fruits. A Gardening Activity Guide describing 12 age-appropriate, sequential gardening activities was distributed for teachers to lead hands-on gardening activities during the growing season. Data were gathered between Spring 2018 and Fall 2019. FV identification and liking were measured using an age-appropriate tablet-enabled protocol. FV consumption was measured by weighing each child’s fruit and vegetable snack tray before and after tasting sessions. Compared to children receiving no-intervention, children who received the garden intervention showed a greater increase in accurate identification of both fruits and vegetables as well as consumption of both fruit and vegetables during the tasting sessions. Consistent with prior research, the effects on fruit consumption were greater than on vegetable consumption. There was no significant effect of the garden intervention on children’s FV liking. Garden interventions implemented early in life foster learning about FV and promote healthy eating. Early exposure to gardening may yield a return on investment throughout the lifecourse, impacting healthy diet and associated health outcomes, which are particularly important within disadvantaged communities where children’s health is challenged by a host of risk factors. Clinical Trials Registration #NCT04864574 (clinicaltrials.gov).
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21
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Is Responsive Feeding Difficult? A Case Study in Teso South Sub-County, Kenya. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214677. [DOI: 10.3390/nu14214677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Responsive infant and young child feeding as a reciprocal relationship between the child and his or her caregiver is recommended by the WHO but has received less attention than dietary diversity or meal frequency up to now. The current study assessed common (non)responsive child feeding practices and factors that facilitate or hinder caregivers to improve feeding practices in rural Teso South Sub-County, Western Kenya. The qualitative study used focus group discussion (n = 93) and Trials of Improved Practices (TIPs) (n = 48) to identify challenges and opportunities in household food distribution and feeding practices. Overall, the implementation of responsive feeding practices was feasible for the caregivers. Parents reported mainly positive experiences in terms of the child’s feeding behavior and effects on child health. Traditional beliefs, practices, and cultural norms hindered some households to change intrahousehold food distribution. Households who manage to implement responsive feeding even in food insecure regions should be consulted to (a) improve existing nutrition education messages that acknowledge these cultural norms, (b) to include more responsive feeding information in nutrition education material, and (c) to address gender norms to create awareness of the importance of responsive feeding practices and the need for adequate time allocation for infant and young child feeding.
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22
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Isbanner S, Carins J, Rundle-Thiele S. Healthy Eats-Evaluation of a Social Marketing Program Delivered in Primary School Settings in Queensland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14415. [PMID: 36361286 PMCID: PMC9655208 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One in four school children in Australia are overweight or obese. In response, the Healthy Eats program was developed, piloted, and delivered using a whole-of-school approach underpinned by the socio-ecological model to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among children aged 8-10 years in regional Queensland, Australia. This research presents an outcome evaluation of the Healthy Eats program using pre-post data collected throughout 2021 (cross-sectional for knowledge and longitudinal for behaviour) from 19 schools to assess whether changes occurred in students' nutritional knowledge (n = 1868 (pre = 933, post = 935)) and fruit and vegetable consumption (n = 1042 (pre = 521, post = 521)). Knowledge data was collected via self-reports two weeks prior and immediately after the Nutrition Module. Behavioural data on daily fruit and vegetable consumption was gathered via student passports (i.e., surveys) one week before and for four consecutive weeks after the Nutrition Module. Chi-Square Difference tests and t-Tests were conducted with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Across all 19 schools, knowledge of the daily recommended serves of fruit and vegetables improved significantly following participation in the program, aligning knowledge closer to the Australian dietary guidelines. Behavioural results for fruit consumption were favourable, with clear improvements reported. Increases in vegetable consumption were demonstrated in two of the eight schools. A discussion on the knowledge-action gap is provided, including recommendations for future iterations of the Healthy Eats program.
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23
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Masento NA, Dulay KM, Harvey K, Bulgarelli D, Caputi M, Cerrato G, Molina P, Wojtkowska K, Pruszczak D, Barlińska J, Messer D, Houston-Price C. Parent, child, and environmental predictors of vegetable consumption in Italian, Polish, and British preschoolers. Front Nutr 2022; 9:958245. [PMID: 36337641 PMCID: PMC9633668 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.958245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the vegetable intake of preschool children from three European countries [Italy, Poland, and the United Kingdom (UK)] and explored the parent, child, and environmental factors that predicted intake in each country. A total of 408 parents of preschoolers (Italy: N = 61, Poland: N = 124, and UK: N = 225; child mean age = 32.2 months, SD = 9.47) completed an online survey comprising a set of standardised questionnaires. For all three countries, the questionnaires included measures of children's vegetable intake (VegFFQ), child eating behaviour (CEBQ-FF), parents' mealtime goals (FMGs), and sociodemographic questions about family background and environment. In the UK and Italy, additional questionnaires were used to assess child temperament (EAS-T) and parents' feeding practices (CFPQ). The results showed that the number of child-sized portions of vegetables consumed per day varied significantly across countries; Polish children consumed the most (∼3 portions) and Italian children the least (∼1.5 portions). Between-country differences were seen in parents' goals for family mealtimes; compared to Italian parents, Polish and UK parents were more motivated to minimise mealtime stress, increase family involvement in meal preparation, and share the same foods with family members. British and Italian parents also adopted different feeding practices; parents in the UK reported more use of healthy modelling behaviours and more use of foods to support their child's emotion regulation. In terms of child factors, Italian children were reported to be more emotional and more sociable than British children. Analyses of the relationships between the parent, child, and environmental factors and children's vegetable intake revealed both similarities and differences between countries. Negative predictors of vegetable intake included child food fussiness in the UK and Poland, child temperament (especially, shyness) in Italy, and the use of food as a reward and child emotionality in the UK. Positive predictors included the parental mealtime goal of 'family involvement' in the UK. These results highlight differences in the extent to which European preschoolers achieve recommended levels of vegetable intake, and in the factors that influence whether they do. The results suggest a need to develop healthy eating interventions that are adopted to meet the specific needs of the countries in which they are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A. Masento
- School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina May Dulay
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Harvey
- School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marcella Caputi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Paola Molina
- Department of Regional & Urban Studies and Planning, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - David Messer
- Faculty of Wellbeing, Education & Language Studies, Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Carmel Houston-Price
- School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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24
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Reagan R, Woodruff SJ, Seabrook JA, Gilliland J. A randomized control trial of a Canadian-based school food program on the home food environment. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6648070. [PMID: 35862774 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Research provides evidence of take-home effects in school-based nutrition interventions, citing children as important influencers of family nutrition, acting as agents of change in the household and potentially influencing family food consumption. Therefore, the purpose of this randomized control trial was to examine whether implementation of a centrally procured school food program would produce changes in children's home food environment, including fruit and/or vegetable availability and parental modelling of fruit and/or vegetable consumption. A secondary objective was to investigate whether children's fruit and/or vegetable intake predicted their parent's fruit and/or vegetable intake. A total of 60 schools participated in the evaluation, including 2443 students (and their parents) in grades 5-8. Findings indicated that the intervention did not produce take-home effects on children's home availability of fruit (p = 0.52) and vegetables (p = 0.67) or parental modelling of fruit (p = 0.26) and vegetable consumption (p = 0.78), which may be related to the fact that only food provisions were given. However, children's fruit and vegetable consumption predicted parents' fruit and vegetable consumption (p < 0.001), thereby indicating that children may possess the capacity to influence home nutrition. Future school-based nutrition interventions are recommended to be multi-component (e.g. experiential learning, parent involvement) and that encourage nutrition leadership opportunities for children in the home context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Reagan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Sarah J Woodruff
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jamie A Seabrook
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1H2, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Jason Gilliland
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.,Department of Geography, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.,School of Health Studies, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
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25
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Galai T, Friedman G, Moses M, Shemer K, Gal DL, Yerushalmy-Feler A, Lubetzky R, Cohen S, Moran-Lev H. Demographic and clinical parameters are comparable across different types of pediatric feeding disorder. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8596. [PMID: 35597792 PMCID: PMC9124187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge and understanding of risk mechanisms associated with pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) remain limited. We aimed to investigate factors associated with PFD and their relation to specific PFD types according to the recent consensus WHO-based definition. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children with PFD and retrieved their demographic and clinical characteristics. Healthy age- and sex-matched children served as controls. Included were 254 children with PFD [median (interquartile range) age 16.4 (9.5-33) months at diagnosis] and 108 children in the control group [median age 24.85 (14.5-28.5) months]. According to the WHO-based definition, disturbances in oral intake were predominantly related to nutritional dysfunction in 118 (46.6%), feeding skill dysfunction in 83 (32.3%), medical conditions in 42 (16.7%) and psychosocial dysfunction in 11 (4.4%). In multivariate analysis, children with PFD had a higher risk for lower socioeconomic background (P < 0.01) and low birth weight (26.8% compared to 7.4%, P < 0.001). Moreover, significantly fewer children in the PFD group were breastfed (75% versus 89%, P = 0.003). There were no significant differences in any of those variables between PFD types. In conclusion, low socioeconomic status, lack of breastfeeding, and low birth weight were significantly more frequent in children with PFD. PDF manifest as multiple dysfunctions, thus highlighting the need to offer these children and their families multidisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tut Galai
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gal Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Moses
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kim Shemer
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dana L Gal
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Yerushalmy-Feler
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Lubetzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomi Cohen
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hadar Moran-Lev
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Department of Pediatrics, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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26
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Kerr EM, Kelly B, Hammersley ML, Norman J, Hernandez L, Furber S, Vuong C, Wardle K, Ryan S, Okely AD. Assessment of Feeding Practices and Mealtime Environments in Australian Family Daycare Services. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:442-448. [PMID: 35027307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess educators' feeding practices and mealtime environments in family daycare services and examine the factors associated with educators' feeding practices and mealtime environments. METHODS Cross-sectional observational study of family daycare services (n = 33) in Australia. Best practices for mealtime environments and educator feeding practices were assessed during each mealtime using the Environment Policy Assessment and Observation instrument. Correlates assessed via survey included: socioeconomic status, main language spoken at home, early childhood career experience, and nutrition professional development. Descriptive statistics and independent t tests were calculated. RESULTS Educators typically had higher scores, indicating better practices, for (the absence of) negative practices compared with positive practices. The only positive practice meeting best-practice standards was educators sitting with children during the meal. There were no significant correlations for educators' feeding practices or mealtime environment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Educators may benefit from professional development targeting positive feeding practices and supportive mealtime environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Kerr
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Bridget Kelly
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan L Hammersley
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Norman
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Health Promotion Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lara Hernandez
- Centre for Population Health, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Furber
- Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Health Promotion Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, New South Wales, Australia; School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Cecilia Vuong
- Health Promotion Service, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Wardle
- Health Promotion Service, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Ryan
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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27
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Zhao Y, Zhu Z, Xiao Q, Li Z, Jia X, Hu W, Liu K, Lu S. Urinary neonicotinoid insecticides in children from South China: Concentrations, profiles and influencing factors. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132937. [PMID: 34798106 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides can selectively interact with the unique nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in insects and are considered to be low toxic to mammals. However, there is still insufficient knowledge on human exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides, especially for children. This study aimed to investigate urinary concentrations and profiles of neonicotinoid insecticides in South China children and to analyze potential influencing factors. Six neonicotinoid insecticides, including imidacloprid (IMI), thiamethoxam (THM), acetamiprid (ACE), clothianidin (CLO), thiacloprid (THD) and dinotefuran (DIN), exhibited high detection frequencies (>90%) in urine samples collected from 305 children, suggesting broad exposure in South China children. The median concentrations were determined to be 0.13, 0.21, 0.01, 0.19, 0.002 and 1.64 μg/L, respectively. Among the target neonicotinoids, urinary concentrations of CLO and THM exhibited a significant and positive correlation between each other (p < 0.05), suggesting similar sources of these two chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinru Xiao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Jia
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuancheng Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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28
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Diet quality in preschool children and associations with individual eating behavior and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage. The STEPS Study. Appetite 2022; 172:105950. [PMID: 35090977 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A good quality diet in childhood is important for optimal growth as well as for long-term health. It is not well established how eating behaviors affect overall diet quality in childhood. Moreover, very few studies have considered the association of diet quality and a neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood. Our aim was to investigate how diet quality is associated with eating behaviors and neighborhood disadvantage and their interaction in preschool age children in Finland. The participants were from the Steps to Healthy Development Study at age 2 y (n = 780) and 5 y (n = 653). Diet quality was measured with a short questionnaire on habitual food consumption and eating behavior was assessed with the child eating behavior questionnaire to indicate the child's eating style regarding food approach and food avoidance dimensions. Information on neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage were obtained from the statistics Finland grid database. We found that diet quality was higher at 5 years compared to 2 years of age (p < 0.001). Food approach subscale, enjoyment of food, was positively associated with the diet quality (p < 0.001 for 2 and 5 y) while subscale desire to drink was negatively associated with the diet quality (p = 0.001 for 2 and 5 y). Food avoidance was negatively associated with the diet quality both at 2 and at 5 years of age (p < 0.001). A higher neighborhood disadvantage was negatively associated with the diet quality at the age of 2 years (p = 0.02), but not at the age of 5 years. Eating behavior had similar associations with diet quality both in affluent and deprived neighborhoods. Our results suggest that both the eating behavior and neighborhood disadvantage are, already in the early age, important factors when considering children's diet quality.
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29
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Tosi F, Rettaroli R. Intergenerational transmission of dietary habits among Italian children and adolescents. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2022; 44:101073. [PMID: 34781070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2021.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between parental dietary habits and child and adolescent diet quality in Italy by adopting a parent-child perspective. We apply quantile regression modelling to an original database developed within the DEDIPAC knowledge hub, integrating multiple sources of information on the aspects of Italian households' daily lives, food consumption frequency, and calorie intake. Given the relevance of maternal care in shaping children's eating patterns, we focus on mothers' lifestyles and time-use. Results show that the intergenerational transmission of diet quality is a gendered process, especially involving mothers and their daughters. Our findings also highlight the pivotal role schools play in the fight against child malnutrition and indicate that, contrary to what is found in the international research literature, maternal employment is not correlated with a deterioration in their children's diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tosi
- University of Bologna, Department of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati"Address: Via Belle Arti, 41, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Rosella Rettaroli
- University of Bologna, Department of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati"Address: Via Belle Arti, 41, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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30
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Moradi M, Jalilpiran Y, Askari M, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Associations between mother-child dyad dietary patterns and child anthropometric measures among 6-year-old children. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:225-234. [PMID: 34259893 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to study relationships between maternal and children's dietary patterns (DPs) and to assess how children's DP was associated with child anthropometry. This cross-sectional study included 788 pairs of 6-year-old girls and mothers in health centers in Tehran, Iran. Information on dietary intake was collected with a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Principal component factor analysis was performed to label different data-driven dietary patterns. Three different binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between child's DPs and child anthropometry. A positive correlation was found between all maternal patterns and child's Western DP (p < 0.001). Maternal prudent and Western DPs were correlated with child's high-protein DP (p < 0.001). Children's high-protein DP was negatively correlated with maternal high fat DP (p < 0.001). Maternal prudent and high fat DPs were correlated with prudent DP in children (p < 0.001). In adjusted models, a child being in the highest compared to the first quartile of the high-protein DP was associated with decreased odds of underweight and wasting (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23-0.80).Conclusion: The present study showed inverse associations between a high-protein DP in children and being underweight and wasted. Also, a positive correlation was found between all maternal DPs and children's Western DPs. This correlation should be taken into account while managing child nutrition by means of educating parents on the influence of their own dietary pattern on their children. Moreover, getting enough protein through a balanced diet should be considered in children. What is Known: • Some research exists on the intake of specific foods in relation to risk of abnormal growth in children. • Less is known about the relationship between mothers' and children's food intake. What is New: • Better adherence to a high-protein dietary pattern was significantly associated with lower risk of being both underweight and wasted. • This study suggests that correlation between mothers' and their children's dietary patterns exists, which should be taken into consideration when managing child nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Moradi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yahya Jalilpiran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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31
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Sorokowska A, Chabin D, Hummel T, Karwowski M. Olfactory perception relates to food neophobia in adolescence. Nutrition 2022; 98:111618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Burnett AJ, Lamb KE, Spence AC, Lacy KE, Worsley A. Parenting style as a predictor of dietary score change in children from 4 to 14 years of age. Findings from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:6058-6066. [PMID: 34296665 PMCID: PMC11148571 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021003062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between parenting style and changes in dietary quality score across childhood. DESIGN This longitudinal analysis included the child's frequency of consumption for twelve food and drink items reported by mothers of children (aged 4-8 years) and children (aged 10-14 years) during face-to-face interviews biennially. These items were combined into dietary scores based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Parenting styles were classified at baseline as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive and disengaged. Multilevel modelling was used to examine changes in diet quality score over time by maternal parenting styles. SETTING The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4282 children aged 4 to 14 years. RESULTS Children's diet quality score declined over time between 4 and 14 years of age (β = -0·10, 95 % CI (-0·11, -0·08)). There was strong evidence to suggest that change in diet quality differed dependent on baseline maternal parenting style, although diet quality declined for all groups. Children with authoritative mothers had the greatest decline in diet quality score over time (β = -0·13; 95 % CI (-0·18, -0·08)), while children with disengaged mothers had the lowest decline (β = -0·03; 95 % CI (-0·07, 0·01)). However, it is important to note that children with authoritative mothers had a better dietary quality score than children of permissive or disengaged mothers for most of their childhood. CONCLUSION These findings question the previous assumptions that early exposure to an authoritative parenting style has lasting positive effects on the dietary intake of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa J Burnett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Karen E Lamb
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Kathleen E Lacy
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Anthony Worsley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
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Chawner LR, Blundell-Birtill P, Hetherington MM. An online study examining children's selection of vegetables at mealtimes: The role of meal contexts, variety and liking. Appetite 2021; 169:105803. [PMID: 34774967 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Associative learning predicts that children expect to eat vegetables together with foods high in carbohydrate and protein at mealtimes. However, choosing to eat and consume vegetables may be less likely if they are presented alongside more palatable, competing foods. This study examined food choices of children (N = 180, 8-11 years, 84 female) in a mealtime context. During an online task, children chose one food for a meal, from a choice of vegetables and either a food high in carbohydrate or protein. Preference was assessed with and without a partial meal stimulus, to test the effect of other foods on the plate. Vegetables were selected more often with a meal stimulus, especially when it consisted of carbohydrate and protein foods, meaning that the vegetable option added nutritional variety to the meal. This effect was moderated by the difference in liking between the food options available. Vegetables were selected more if they were better liked than the competing food option, although it was not necessary that vegetables were better liked if they added nutritional variety to the meal. Food fussy children were less likely to select vegetables, but no other effects of child appetitive traits or parental practices were found on children's food choices. Children may be more likely to select vegetables if they add nutritional variety to a meal and are similarly or better liked than competing food options. Future research could test specific meal configurations which promote children's selection and intake of vegetables at mealtimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Chawner
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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34
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Edwards KL, Thomas JM, Higgs S, Blissett J. Exposure to models' positive facial expressions whilst eating a raw vegetable increases children's acceptance and consumption of the modelled vegetable. Appetite 2021; 168:105779. [PMID: 34756937 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research has shown that seeing positive facial expressions (FEs) towards food increased children's desire to eat foods rated as disliked. However, the effect of adults' positive FEs whilst eating a raw vegetable on children's acceptance and intake of nutritious foods that are less preferred (e.g., vegetables) remains to be established. This study aimed to examine the effect of models' FEs eating raw broccoli on children's acceptance and intake of raw broccoli. 111 children aged 4-6 years (64 male, 47 female) were randomised to watch a video of unfamiliar adult models eating raw broccoli with a positive or neutral facial expression (FE), or a non-food control video. Children's acceptance and intake of raw broccoli was assessed. Data about parent and child characteristics was provided by parents. There was a main effect of FE type on children's frequency of tastes (p = .03) and intake of broccoli (p = .02). Children who were exposed to models eating broccoli with positive FEs had greater frequency of tastes (p = .04) and intake of broccoli (p = .03), than children in the control condition, but not compared to children in the neutral FE condition (p > .05). There was no effect of positive FEs on children's willingness to try broccoli (p > .05). These findings suggest that observing others enjoy a commonly disliked vegetable can encourage children's tastes and intake of the vegetable. Thus, exposing children to others enjoying vegetables could be a useful strategy for encouraging healthier eating in children. Further work is needed to determine whether a single exposure is sufficient and whether these effects are sustained over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suzanne Higgs
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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35
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Liu X, Zhou Q, Clarke K, Younger KM, An M, Li Z, Tan Y, Kearney JM. Maternal feeding practices and toddlers' fruit and vegetable consumption: results from the DIT-Coombe Hospital birth cohort in Ireland. Nutr J 2021; 20:84. [PMID: 34666760 PMCID: PMC8524861 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health benefits of fruit and vegetable have been well recognized. However, insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetable is prevalent among toddlers, and has become a global public health issue. Maternal feeding practices are potential factors influencing toddlers’ dietary intake, including fruit and vegetable intake. This study was conducted to explore the influence of maternal feeding practices on toddlers’ fruit and vegetable consumption in Ireland. Methods A follow-up to the DIT-Coombe Hospital birth cohort was conducted. Mothers in the original cohort were invited to participate in the present follow-up study by phone. A questionnaire assessing maternal feeding behavior and the child’s 3-day food diary was sent to mothers who agreed to take part in the present study by post, together with a self-addressed stamped envelope. Results There were 193 mother-children pairs included in the analysis, and the mean age of children was 2.4 (SD 0.7) years old. Toddlers’ mean daily intakes of vegetable and fruit were 67.57 (SD 45.95) g and 213.35 (SD 170.78) g, respectively. Logistic regression analyses showed that maternal practice of breastfeeding for more than 4 weeks was positively associated with fruit (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.29–6.64) and vegetable (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.00–3.81) intake or the contribution of fruit (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.19–5.80) and vegetable (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.02–3.99) to the total diet. Letting the child eat with other family members was associated with high vegetable intake (OR = 5.45, 95%CI: 1.69–17.61) and high contribution of vegetable to total diet (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.04–13.82). Not being too worried about the child’s refusal to eat was positively associated with toddlers’ vegetable intake (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.09–4.05). Conclusions To increase children’s fruit and vegetable intake, and develop good eating habits, parents should eat with their toddlers, be patient and not put much pressure on their children in the context of meal feeding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-021-00743-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyao Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianling Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Keara Clarke
- School of Biological Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine M Younger
- School of Biological Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meijing An
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yang Tan
- Shijiazhuang Foreign Language School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - John M Kearney
- School of Biological Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Burnett AJ, Lacy KE, Russell CG, Spence AC, Worsley A, Lamb KE. Groups of mothers based on feeding practices and their associations with dietary quality of pre-school children: A latent profile analysis. Appetite 2021; 168:105754. [PMID: 34666138 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parents' feeding practices are associated with children's food intake. However, little is known about the patterns of feeding practices used by groups of mothers or how these groupings of practices influence children's dietary intake. Therefore, the aims of this study are to classify and describe groups of mothers according to their patterns of feeding practices and to examine the associations between the groups of maternal feeding practices and pre-school children's dietary quality. In 2018, 1349 mothers based in Australia of children aged 2-5 years completed an online survey including validated measures of nine feeding practices and dietary quality, measured using thirteen summed dietary items. Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct groups of mothers who shared similar feeding practices. Linear regression models were fitted to examine associations between the feeding practice profiles and child dietary quality. A three-profile model was chosen based on interpretation, profile size and statistical model fit criteria. Profile 1 had lower mean scores of structure-related feeding practices than the other profiles; profile 2 had mean scores reflecting slightly higher use of most structure-related feeding practices and lower mean scores of some non-responsive feeding practices; profile 3 had higher mean scores of non-responsive feeding practices than the other profiles. Profile 1 (-2.95, CI: 3.97; -1.92) and profile 3 (-2.81, CI: 3.49; -2.13) had lower mean child dietary quality scores compared with profile 2. Profile 2, which reflected the most engagement in structure-related feeding practices combined with least non-responsive feeding practices, was associated with higher child diet quality, compared with the other two profiles. The identification of these unique profiles could help to tailor future interventions to consider patterns of feeding practices used by groups of mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa J Burnett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Kathleen E Lacy
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Catherine G Russell
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anthony Worsley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Karen E Lamb
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Rabadán A, Bernabéu R. A systematic review of studies using the Food Neophobia Scale: Conclusions from thirty years of studies. Food Qual Prefer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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38
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Manzano MA, Strong DR, Kang Sim DE, Rhee KE, Boutelle KN. Psychometric properties of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) in school age children with overweight and obesity: A proposed three-factor structure. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12795. [PMID: 33945226 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in youth is a significant public health concern, with eating behaviors being a major contributor. The Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) was developed to evaluate the appetitive characteristics of young children, across a myriad of eating domains. Despite the breadth of its use, the psychometric properties of the measure in children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB), particularly treatment seeking youth, remains largely unexplored. METHODS The psychometric properties of the CEBQ were examined in a sample of school age children (8-12) with OW/OB. Parent-child dyads (N = 148) completed assessments prior to beginning a family weight management program. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed utilizing polychoric correlations, and emerging subscales were assessed to ensure that the range of response scores demonstrated adequate variability. Indices of the number of factors to be retained included acceleration factor (2), optimal coordinates (4), Velicer's MAP (5) and parallel analysis (11). These indices were used in combination with clinical utility to determine the final factor structure. RESULTS A three-factor structure emerged. The first factor combined many food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating items, with the latter two domains loading negatively. The second factor retained the food fussiness subscale, and the third factor included items from the emotional over- and under-eating subscales. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that in children with OW/OB, eating behaviors may be optimally assessed using three domains: reward-based eating, emotional eating and picky eating. Future research should explore how this structure holds in non-treatment-seeking samples and across wider socio-demographic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Manzano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David R Strong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - D Eastern Kang Sim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California, USA.,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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39
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Morgan K, Zhou SM, Hill R, Lyons RA, Paranjothy S, Brophy ST. Identifying Prenatal and Postnatal Determinants of Infant Growth: A Structural Equation Modelling Based Cohort Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910265. [PMID: 34639581 PMCID: PMC8507693 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The growth and maturation of infants reflect their overall health and nutritional status. The purpose of this study is to examine the associations of prenatal and early postnatal factors with infant growth (IG). Methods: A data-driven model was constructed by structural equation modelling to examine the relationships between pre- and early postnatal environmental factors and IG at age 12 months. The IG was a latent variable created from infant weight and waist circumference. Data were obtained on 274 mother–child pairs during pregnancy and the postnatal periods. Results: Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI emerged as an important predictor of IG with both direct and indirect (mediated through infant birth weight) effects. Infants who gained more weight from birth to 6 months and consumed starchy foods daily at age 12 months, were more likely to be larger by age 12 months. Infant physical activity (PA) levels also emerged as a determinant. The constructed model provided a reasonable fit (χ2 (11) = 21.5, p < 0.05; RMSEA = 0.07; CFI = 0.94; SRMR = 0.05) to the data with significant pathways for all examined variables. Conclusion: Promoting healthy weight amongst women of child bearing age is important in preventing childhood obesity, and increasing daily infant PA is as important as a healthy infant diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Morgan
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YS, UK;
| | - Shang-Ming Zhou
- Centre for Health Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Rebecca Hill
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well-Being, Public Health Wales, Cardiff CF10 4BZ, UK;
| | - Ronan A. Lyons
- Health Data Research UK, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (R.A.L.); (S.T.B.)
| | - Shantini Paranjothy
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
| | - Sinead T. Brophy
- Health Data Research UK, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (R.A.L.); (S.T.B.)
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40
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Schreinemachers P, Shrestha RM, Gole B, Bhattarai DR, Ghimire PL, Subedi BP, Brück T, Baliki G, Gautam IP, Blake CE. Drivers of Food Choice among Children and Caregivers in Post-earthquake Nepal. Ecol Food Nutr 2021; 60:826-846. [PMID: 34420456 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2021.1969925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Food systems in many countries are experiencing a shift from traditional foods toward processed foods high in sugar, fat and salt, but low in dietary fiber and micronutrients. There is an urgent need to better understand drivers of changing food behavior, particularly for lower-income countries. This study analyzes drivers of food choice among children and parents in rural Nepal. It uses qualitative data collected through key informant interviews and focus group discussions with school children, parents and teachers. The study reveals substantial changes in food behavior during the past decade with increased consumption of rice, meat, and highly processed snack foods while an increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is not evident. It identifies cash availability is the main driver of increased rice, meat and snack food consumption. The second driver is the 2015 Nepal earthquake, which accelerated the transition from homegrown food to purchased food as people got habituated to eating more meat and snack foods while reconstruction tripled local wages and changed the food environment. This shows how humanitarian assistance in the wake of extreme shocks can unintentionally contribute to unhealthy eating habits. An integrated school and home garden intervention appears to contribute to healthier diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachana Manandhar Shrestha
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Dhruba Raj Bhattarai
- Outreach Research Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Puspa Lal Ghimire
- Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources (ANSAB), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bhishma P Subedi
- Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources (ANSAB), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Tilman Brück
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany.,Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK.,ISDC - International Security and Development Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ghassan Baliki
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Großbeeren, Germany.,ISDC - International Security and Development Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ishwori P Gautam
- Horticulture Research Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Christine E Blake
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Erhardt J, Olsen A. Meat Reduction in 5 to 8 Years Old Children-A Survey to Investigate the Role of Parental Meat Attachment. Foods 2021; 10:1756. [PMID: 34441533 PMCID: PMC8393896 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is by now well established that a plant-based and meatless or reduced-meat diet is an important contribution to a sustainability and healthy diet. This work discusses important determinants for parents of implementing a meat reduced diet for their children. A questionnaire was conducted with 90 parents of children aged 5-8 years living in Germany, where they had to choose one out of three options of a dish, namely meaty, reduced meat and no meat, for their child. The results show that the parent's attachment to meat and the associated attitudes and habits play a crucial role in their meal choice and therefore eating behaviour, including consumed amounts of meat, of their child. Moreover, perceived tastiness, healthiness and balanced serving style, as well as the child's preferences influences the parent's decision. The findings of this work provide valuable insights to the food industry and food producers, health professionals and public health, as it highlights the background, as well as some drivers and barriers for parents choosing a dish with less meat for their children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annemarie Olsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, Section for Design and Consumer Behaviour, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
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42
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Associations between Food Preferences, Food Approach, and Food Avoidance in a Polish Adolescents' COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study Population. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072427. [PMID: 34371936 PMCID: PMC8308716 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Food preferences are among the strongest predictors of the food choices of adolescents. These are associated with appetitive traits (food approach and avoidance) to some extent. However, no research has been conducted so far analyzing the association between food preferences and appetitive traits of adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between food preferences and appetitive traits in adolescents (aged 15-20 years) within the Polish Adolescents' COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study population. The PLACE-19 Study was carried out in a population-based sample of 2448 secondary school students sampled across the country (random quota sampling). Food preferences (including the preference for vegetables, fruit, meat/fish, dairy, snacks, and starches) of the adolescents were assessed using the validated Food Preference Questionnaire (FPQ) while their appetitive traits (hunger, food responsiveness, emotional overeating, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness, emotional undereating, food fussiness, slowness in eating) were assessed using the validated Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ). The k-means clustering was performed to identify the homogenous clusters of respondents based on their preferences, and linear regression was performed to determine the relationship between food preferences and appetitive traits with a model adjusted for sex and age. Based on their preferences, three homogenous clusters of respondents were defined: low-preferring respondents (low preference for all food categories), respondents preferring snacking foods (low preference for all food categories, except for fruit and snacks), and high-preferring respondents (high preference for all food categories). The low-preferring respondents showed the lowest values for all appetitive traits (p = 0.0008), as well as the lowest total score (p = 0.0001), except for food fussiness, for which they showed the highest value (p = 0.0008). All preference scores were positively associated with traits such as hunger, food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, and emotional under-eating, while negatively associated with food fussiness (all p < 0.05). The largest amount of variance was observed for preference for dairy (14.6%; R2 = 0.146, p = 0.008) and snacks with respect to enjoyment of food (16.2%; R2 = 0.162, p = 0.008), for vegetable with respect to food fussiness (22%; R2 = 0.220, p = 0.008), and for meat/fish with respect to enjoyment of food (19.9%; R2 = 0.199, p = 0.008) and food fussiness combined (19.1%; R2 = 0.191, p = 0.008). These results support the association of food preferences with both food approach traits and food avoidance traits.
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43
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Tani Y, Ochi M, Fujiwara T. Association of Nursery School-Level Promotion of Vegetable Eating with Caregiver-Reported Vegetable Consumption Behaviours among Preschool Children: A Multilevel Analysis of Japanese Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072236. [PMID: 34209773 PMCID: PMC8308217 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursery schools can play an important role in children developing healthy eating behaviours, including vegetable consumption. However, the effect of school-level vegetable promotion on vegetable consumption and body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This study examined the associations of nursery school-level promotion of eating vegetables first at meals with Japanese children’s vegetable consumption behaviours and BMI. We used cross-sectional data collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 on 7402 children in classes of 3–5-year-olds in all 133 licensed nursery schools in Adachi, Tokyo, Japan. Caregivers were surveyed on their children’s eating behaviours (frequency of eating vegetables, willingness to eat vegetables and number of kinds of vegetables eaten), height and weight. Nursery school-level promotion of eating vegetables first at meals was assessed using individual responses, with the percentage of caregivers reporting that their children ate vegetables first at meals as a proxy for the school-level penetration of the promotion of vegetable eating. Multilevel analyses were conducted to investigate the associations of school-level vegetable-eating promotion with vegetable consumption behaviours and BMI. Children in schools that were 1 interquartile range higher on vegetable promotion ate vegetable dishes more often (β = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.004–0.07), and were more often willing to eat vegetables (adjusted odds ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07–1.28), as well as to eat more kinds of vegetables (adjusted odds ratio = 1.19 times; 95% CI: 1.06–1.34). School-level vegetable-eating promotion was not associated with BMI. The school-level health strategy of eating vegetables first may be effective in increasing children’s vegetable intake but not in preventing being overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (M.O.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5803-5189; Fax: +81-3-5803-5190
| | - Manami Ochi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (M.O.); (T.F.)
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0104, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (M.O.); (T.F.)
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Thorsteinsdottir S, Olsen A, Olafsdottir AS. Fussy Eating among Children and Their Parents: Associations in Parent-Child Dyads, in a Sample of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Nutrients 2021; 13:2196. [PMID: 34202394 PMCID: PMC8308294 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parents are important agents in shaping children's eating habits. However, the associations between children's and parents' eating behaviors are complex and may be convoluted for various reasons, such as parenting feeding styles, stressful mealtimes, and children's neurodevelopmental disorders (ND), such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to analyze associations between parents and their children's fussy eating, in a cross-sectional sample of children, with and without ND. Ninety-seven parents answered screening questionnaires prior to an intervention study. Associations were investigated using two-way ANOVAs and chi-square analyses. Overall, children with ND accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children without ND. Fussy eating parents had children who accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children whose parents were not fussy eaters. Interaction effects were not significant. A higher proportion of fussy eating parents, than non-fussy eating parents, had children who had difficulties with combined foods and hidden ingredients. The findings highlight the need for further investigation into the relationships between parents' influence on their children's eating behavior and food consumption, as well as possible reciprocal impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland;
| | - Annemarie Olsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Anna S. Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland;
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What Is Commensality? A Critical Discussion of an Expanding Research Field. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126235. [PMID: 34207626 PMCID: PMC8295993 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Commensality (the act of eating together) is studied in a range of disciplines and often considered important for social communion, order, health and well-being, while simultaneously being understood as in decline (especially the family meal). However, such claims are also contested in various ways. In this paper, we discuss the expanding field of commensality research and critically reflect on the debates surrounding its social functions, including its role in public health. We illuminate the deep social and cultural significance of commensality, through time and space, and conclude that whether or not commensality is the preferred social form of eating for any given individual, it is difficult to escape its sociocultural desirability and idealization. As a cross-cultural phenomenon in both past, present, and future, we suggest that commensality deserves further research. This includes commensality as a research topic in itself and as an entry point to unveil different dimensions of social relations between people, as well as interactions between humans and material objects.
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Chawner LR, Hetherington MM. Utilising an integrated approach to developing liking for and consumption of vegetables in children. Physiol Behav 2021; 238:113493. [PMID: 34116053 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Children eat too few vegetables and this is attributed to disliked flavours and texture as well as low energy density. Vegetables confer selective health benefits over other foods and so children are encouraged to eat them. Parents and caregivers face a challenge in incorporating vegetables into their child's habitual diet. However, liking and intake may be increased through different forms of learning. Children learn about vegetables across development from exposure to some vegetable flavours in utero, through breastmilk, complementary feeding and transitioning to family diets. Infants aged between 5 and 7 m are most amenable to accepting vegetables. However, a range of biological, social, environmental and individual factors may act independently and in tandem to reduce the appeal of eating vegetables. By applying aspects of learning theory, including social learning, liking and intake of vegetables can be increased. We propose taking an integrated and individualised approach to child feeding in order to achieve optimal learning in the early years. Simple techniques such as repeated exposure, modelling, social praise and creating social norms for eating vegetables can contribute to positive feeding experiences which in turn, contributes to increased acceptance of vegetables. However, there is a mismatch between experimental studies and the ways that children eat vegetables in real world settings. Therefore, current knowledge of the best strategies to increase vegetable liking and intake gained from experimental studies must be adapted and integrated for application to home and care settings, while responding to individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Chawner
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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Almeida C, Azevedo J, Gregório MJ, Barros R, Severo M, Padrão P. Parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes on food consumption of pre-school children: Results from Nutriscience Project. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251620. [PMID: 34033667 PMCID: PMC8148319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between family environment and child’s eating behaviors is well established but a multidimensional approach to study this relation is lacking. This study aimed to assess the proprieties of a questionnaire created to evaluate parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes regarding fruit and vegetables (F&V), sugar and salt. Participants (n = 714) were families of pre-school children (aged 2–6 years old) of the Nutriscience Project–a web-based gamification program–who answered a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge, and a scale evaluating parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes, at the baseline of the project. Exploratory factorial analysis was applied to the scale: 21 items and 5 factors were extracted (52.4% of explained variance) with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of 0.770: 1. Modelling/active promotion of F&V consumption (α = 0.73), 2. Skills for choosing/preparing healthy food (α = 0.75), 3. Food preferences and satiety perception (α = 0.70), 4. Awareness regarding sugar/salt intake (α = 0.61), 5. Allowance regarding F&V consumption (α = 0.55). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were conducted to compare factors according to socio-demographic characteristics. Higher scores for parental modelling and active promotion of F&V consumption were observed in older parents, those with higher nutrition knowledge and who reported to live without income difficulties. Regarding food preferences, higher scores were observed in mothers, with higher nutrition knowledge and from higher educated groups. Higher awareness regarding salt and sugar consumption were observed in older parents, with higher education, higher nutrition knowledge and with female children. Older parents and with female children also registered higher scores of skills for choosing/preparing healthy food. The scale showed satisfactory proprieties and may contribute to assess family food environment using a multidimensional approach. It also highlighted the importance of considering socio-demographic characteristics in interventions to promote healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Almeida
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Azevedo
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
- Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Gregório
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Barros
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
- * E-mail:
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Gan K, Tithecott C, Neilson L, Seabrook JA, Dworatzek P. Picky Eating Is Associated with Lower Nutrient Intakes from Children's Home-Packed School Lunches. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061759. [PMID: 34064118 PMCID: PMC8224271 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to assess the relationship between children’s picky eating (PE) status and nutrient intake from home-packed school lunches. The lunches of 321 students, aged 7–10 years, were quantified via cross-sectional direct observation. Children were classified as having PE (n = 155) or not (non-PE; n = 166) based on food neophobia scores and parental perceptions of PE. The PE group consumed significantly less protein, folate, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, D, and E than the non-PE group; however, both groups consumed amounts exceeding Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for protein, carbohydrates, sugar, sodium, iron, and vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, and C. Conversely, both groups consumed amounts significantly lower than DRIs for calcium, fibre, folate, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and vitamins A, D, E, and K. The PE group ate significantly less meat and alternatives, vegetables and fruit, and fruit than the non-PE group, and did not meet any of Canada’s Food Guide (2007) recommendations. The non-PE group met recommendations for meat and alternatives only. PE impacts the dietary intake of children’s home-packed lunches; however, many packed lunches were of low nutritional quality. Focus should be placed on provision of nutritionally complete school lunches for all children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellseigh Gan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada; (K.G.); (C.T.); (L.N.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Carly Tithecott
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada; (K.G.); (C.T.); (L.N.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Lisa Neilson
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada; (K.G.); (C.T.); (L.N.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Jamie A. Seabrook
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada; (K.G.); (C.T.); (L.N.); (J.A.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Children′s Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Road East, Suite 300, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Paula Dworatzek
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada; (K.G.); (C.T.); (L.N.); (J.A.S.)
- Schulich Interfaculty Program in Public Health, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1465 Richmond St., London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-519-432-8353
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van Vliet MS, Mesman J, Schultink JM, de Vries JHM, Vereijken CMJL, Rippe RCA, van der Veek SMC. Baby's first bites: Association between observed maternal feeding behavior and infant vegetable intake and liking. Appetite 2021; 165:105316. [PMID: 34023447 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Positive experiences with the introduction of solid food in infancy may lead to positive associations with feeding in both parent and infant. During this transitional period, parental feeding behavior and infant eating behavior might mutually reinforce each other. A feeding style that is found to be associated with positive child eating behavior, is sensitive feeding. In the present study we tested bidirectional prospective relations between mother and infant behavior in a cross-lagged model using observations of two feeds on two consecutive days on which the first bites of solid food were offered. The sample consisted of 246 first-time mothers and their infants, whose feeding interactions were videotaped during two home visits. Maternal sensitive feeding behavior (consisting of responsiveness to child feeding cues, general sensitivity and non-intrusiveness) and maternal positive and negative affect were coded. In addition, infant vegetable intake was weighed and vegetable liking was reported by mother. Results showed at least some stability of maternal feeding behavior and infant vegetable intake and liking from the first to the second feed. In addition, during the second feed maternal sensitive feeding and positive affect were associated with infant vegetable intake (r=.34 and r=.14) and liking (r=.33 and r=.39). These associations were mostly absent during the first feed. Finally, infant vegetable liking during the first feed positively predicted maternal sensitive feeding behavior during the second feed (β=.25), suggesting that the infant's first response might influence maternal behavior. Taken together, mother and infant seem more attuned during the second feed than during the first feed. Future studies might include multiple observations over a longer time period, or micro-coding. Such insights can inform prevention programs focusing on optimizing feeding experiences during the weaning period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S van Vliet
- Leiden University, Institute of Education and Child Studies, P.O. Box 9555, 2300, RB, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - J Mesman
- Leiden University, Institute of Education and Child Studies, P.O. Box 9555, 2300, RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J M Schultink
- Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - J H M de Vries
- Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - C M J L Vereijken
- Danone Nutricia Research, Nutrition and Behaviour Science, P.O. Box 80141, 3508, TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R C A Rippe
- Leiden University, Institute of Education and Child Studies, P.O. Box 9555, 2300, RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - S M C van der Veek
- Leiden University, Institute of Education and Child Studies, P.O. Box 9555, 2300, RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
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50
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Porto JP, Bezerra VM, Pereira Netto M, Rocha DDS. Exclusive breastfeeding and introduction of ultra-processed foods in the first year of life: a cohort study in southwest Bahia, Brazil, 2018. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e2020614. [PMID: 33950111 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-49742021000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze association between exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and the introduction of ultra-processed foods in children under 12 months old. METHODS This was a Cohort study, conducted with children in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. The main exposure was EBF (days: <120; 120-179; ≥180). The outcome variable was the introduction of four or more types of ultra-processed foods in the first year of life. Poisson regression analysis was used. RESULTS 286 children were evaluated, of whom 40.2% received four or more ultra-processed foods and 48.9% EBF for less than 120 days. EBF for less than 120 days (RR=2.94 - 95%CI 1.51;5.71) and for 120-179 days (RR=2.17 - 95%CI 1.09;4.30) was associated with the outcome after adjustment by socioeconomic, maternal, paternal and child variables. CONCLUSION EBF for less than 180 days increased the risk of introducing four or more ultra-processed foods in the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Prates Porto
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Moraes Bezerra
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Michele Pereira Netto
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Departamento de Nutrição, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Daniela da Silva Rocha
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
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