1
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Reid MR, Buchanan NT. Systemic biases promoting the under-inclusion of marginalized groups in randomized controlled trials for co-occurring alcohol use and posttraumatic stress disorder: an intersectional analysis. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38884618 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2024.2367240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder is a major public health concern affecting millions of people. Although this disorder affects people from all groups, research shows that, when compared to White people, people of color systematically suffer worse chronicity and burden of disorder. Additionally, research shows that people of color endure a variety of barriers to accessing treatment and often require specialized or culturally appropriate care. Consequently, the array of treatments available must have been determined to be effective for people of color when they access treatment, and people of color must be well represented in research to ensure effective treatment. Therefore, randomized controlled trials testing treatments for this disorder must include racially diverse samples and ensure treatments are effective for all groups. Further, if they lack diversity, it is necessary to explore whether and how the process of conducting randomized controlled trials is biased toward the constrained inclusion of people of color. This study used a Matrix of Domination framework as an intersectional method to investigate this question. It assessed the inclusion of people by race and sex in randomized controlled trials for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder. We found that people of color and White women are significantly underincluded in randomized controlled trials and that these studies are hegemonically, disciplinarily, and structurally biased in ways that facilitate the overrepresentation of White men and the underrepresentation of marginalized groups.
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2
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Cardenas-Iniguez C, Gonzalez MR. Recommendations for the responsible use and communication of race and ethnicity in neuroimaging research. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:615-628. [PMID: 38519749 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The growing availability of large-population human biomedical datasets provides researchers with unique opportunities to conduct rigorous and impactful studies on brain and behavioral development, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of neurodevelopment in diverse populations. However, the patterns observed in these datasets are more likely to be influenced by upstream structural inequities (that is, structural racism), which can lead to health disparities based on race, ethnicity and social class. This paper addresses the need for guidance and self-reflection in biomedical research on conceptualizing, contextualizing and communicating issues related to race and ethnicity. We provide recommendations as a starting point for researchers to rethink race and ethnicity choices in study design, model specification, statistical analysis and communication of results, implement practices to avoid the further stigmatization of historically minoritized groups, and engage in research practices that counteract existing harmful biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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3
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Boerner KE, Keogh E, Inkster AM, Nahman-Averbuch H, Oberlander TF. A developmental framework for understanding the influence of sex and gender on health: Pediatric pain as an exemplar. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105546. [PMID: 38272336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Sex differences are a robust finding in many areas of adult health, including cardiovascular disease, psychiatric disorders, and chronic pain. However, many sex differences are not consistently observed until after the onset of puberty. This has led to the hypothesis that hormones are primary contributors to sex differences in health outcomes, largely ignoring the relative contributions of early developmental influences, emerging psychosocial factors, gender, and the interaction between these variables. In this paper, we argue that a comprehensive understanding of sex and gender contributions to health outcomes should start as early as conception and take an iterative biopsychosocial-developmental perspective that considers intersecting social positions. We present a conceptual framework, informed by a review of the literature in basic, clinical, and social science that captures how critical developmental stages for both sex and gender can affect children's health and longer-term outcomes. The literature on pediatric chronic pain is used as a worked example of how the framework can be applied to understanding different chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelynn E Boerner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Edmund Keogh
- Department of Psychology & Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Amy M Inkster
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hadas Nahman-Averbuch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tim F Oberlander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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4
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McCleary JS, Horn TL. Processes for culturally adapting behavioral health interventions for people with refugee backgrounds: A scoping review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 73:250-266. [PMID: 37853807 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Academic literature supports cultural adaptation (CA) of evidence-informed interventions to increase accessibility and effectiveness of behavioral health treatment to meet the needs of a culturally diverse society. While several meta-analyses have shown positive outcomes of CA mental health interventions, there is a need for more information about how theoretical CA models have been applied in practice to meet the cultural and contextual needs of specific groups. This scoping review was conducted to understand how CA models have been applied to adapt evidence-informed behavioral health interventions for people with refugee backgrounds in resettlement. Eighteen manuscripts were identified and analyzed, resulting in five categories: Reasons for Engaging in CA, Processes of CA, Types of CAs, Resources Needed to Support CA, and Evaluating Adaptation Choices. Only four studies utilized any existing model to guide their adaptation efforts, three of which used CA models. Level of detail regarding CA processes and justification for choices varied considerably among articles. Significant gaps were identified, posing challenges for replication. Although articles reported that adapted interventions were effective, it is unclear which, if any, CA choices contributed to the successful outcomes. Findings indicate a need for emphasis on clear and thorough documentation of CA processes and more rigorous assessment of the impact of adaptation choices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tonya L Horn
- School of Social Work, University of St. Thomas, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
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5
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Landor AM, Ramseyer Winter VL, Thurston IB, Chan J, Craddock N, Ladd BA, Tylka TL, Swami V, Watson LB, Choukas-Bradley S. The Sociostructural-Intersectional Body Image (SIBI) framework: Understanding the impact of white supremacy in body image research and practice. Body Image 2024; 48:101674. [PMID: 38154289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
White supremacy and racial inequities have long pervaded psychological research, including body image scholarship and practice. The experiences of white, heterosexual, able-bodied, cisgender (predominantly college) women from wealthy, Westernized nations have been centered throughout body image research and practice, thereby perpetuating myths of invulnerability among racialized groups and casting white ideals and experiences as the standard by which marginalized bodies are compared. Body image is shaped by multiple axes of oppression that exist within systemic and structural systems, ultimately privileging certain bodies above others. In this position paper, we highlight how white supremacy has shaped body image research and practice. In doing so, we first review the history of body image research and explain how participant sampling, measurement, interpretive frameworks, and dissemination of research have upheld and reinforced white supremacy. Next, grounded in inclusivity and intersectionality, we advance the Sociostructural-Intersectional Body Image (SIBI) framework to more fully understand the body image experiences of those with racialized and minoritized bodies, while challenging and seeking to upend white supremacy in body image research and practice. We encourage other scholars to utilize the SIBI framework to better understand body inequities and the body image experiences of all people, in all bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette M Landor
- Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Center for Body Image Research & Policy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Virginia L Ramseyer Winter
- Center for Body Image Research & Policy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; School of Social Work, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
| | - Idia Binitie Thurston
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Health Behavior, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jamie Chan
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Craddock
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Brianna A Ladd
- Department of Counseling, Higher Education, and Special Education, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Tracy L Tylka
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Marion and Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Laurel B Watson
- Department of Psychology & Counseling, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
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6
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Bethel SR. Clinician Scientists in Health Social Work. HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK 2024; 49:59-62. [PMID: 38030575 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
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7
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Valentino K, Zhen-Duan J, Padilla J, Bernard D. Intergenerational Continuity of Child Maltreatment, Parenting, and Racism: Commentary on Valentino et al., (2012). CHILD MALTREATMENT 2023; 28:556-562. [PMID: 37491779 PMCID: PMC10543487 DOI: 10.1177/10775595231191395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent editorials published in Child Maltreatment bring much needed attention to racism in child maltreatment reporting and investigation. In this commentary, we extend these efforts by responding to Valentino et al., (2012) and addressing prior omissions in our race-related work by explicitly discussing the role of racism in our explanation of key study findings. Together with scholars with expertise in the impact of racism on children and families, this commentary (a) discusses theoretical models of child maltreatment and of the influence of racism on parenting and child development; (b) discusses parental responses to racism in relation to the Valentino et al., (2012) findings; and (c) highlights future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Valentino
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, IN, USA
| | - Jenny Zhen-Duan
- Disparities Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jenny Padilla
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, IN, USA
| | - Donte Bernard
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of
Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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8
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Timmons AC, Duong JB, Fiallo NS, Lee T, Vo HPQ, Ahle MW, Comer JS, Brewer LC, Frazier SL, Chaspari T. A Call to Action on Assessing and Mitigating Bias in Artificial Intelligence Applications for Mental Health. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 18:1062-1096. [PMID: 36490369 PMCID: PMC10250563 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221134490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advances in computer science and data-analytic methods are driving a new era in mental health research and application. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies hold the potential to enhance the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of people experiencing mental health problems and to increase the reach and impact of mental health care. However, AI applications will not mitigate mental health disparities if they are built from historical data that reflect underlying social biases and inequities. AI models biased against sensitive classes could reinforce and even perpetuate existing inequities if these models create legacies that differentially impact who is diagnosed and treated, and how effectively. The current article reviews the health-equity implications of applying AI to mental health problems, outlines state-of-the-art methods for assessing and mitigating algorithmic bias, and presents a call to action to guide the development of fair-aware AI in psychological science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela C. Timmons
- University of Texas at Austin Institute for Mental Health Research
- Colliga Apps Corporation
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - LaPrincess C. Brewer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, May Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Center for Health Equity and Community Engagement Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
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9
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Call CC, Eckstrand KL, Kasparek SW, Boness CL, Blatt L, Jamal-Orozco N, Novacek DM, Foti D. An Ethics and Social-Justice Approach to Collecting and Using Demographic Data for Psychological Researchers. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 18:979-995. [PMID: 36459692 PMCID: PMC10235209 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221137350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The collection and use of demographic data in psychological sciences has the potential to aid in transforming inequities brought about by unjust social conditions toward equity. However, many current methods surrounding demographic data do not achieve this goal. Some methods function to reduce, but not eliminate, inequities, whereas others may perpetuate harmful stereotypes, invalidate minoritized identities, and exclude key groups from research participation or access to disseminated findings. In this article, we aim to (a) review key ethical and social-justice dilemmas inherent to working with demographic data in psychological research and (b) introduce a framework positioned in ethics and social justice to help psychologists and researchers in social-science fields make thoughtful decisions about the collection and use of demographic data. Although demographic data methods vary across subdisciplines and research topics, we assert that these core issues-and solutions-are relevant to all research within the psychological sciences, including basic and applied research. Our overarching aim is to support key stakeholders in psychology (e.g., researchers, funding agencies, journal editors, peer reviewers) in making ethical and socially-just decisions about the collection, analysis, reporting, interpretation, and dissemination of demographic data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Derek M. Novacek
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA and Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System
| | - Dan Foti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University
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10
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Strauss D, Gran-Ruaz S, Osman M, Williams MT, Faber SC. Racism and censorship in the editorial and peer review process. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1120938. [PMID: 37275731 PMCID: PMC10237156 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1120938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychology aims to capture the diversity of our human experience, yet racial inequity ensures only specific experiences are studied, peer-reviewed, and eventually published. Despite recent publications on racial bias in research topics, study samples, academic teams, and publication trends, bias in the peer review process remains largely unexamined. Drawing on compelling case study examples from APA and other leading international journals, this article proposes key mechanisms underlying racial bias and censorship in the editorial and peer review process, including bias in reviewer selection, devaluing racialized expertise, censorship of critical perspectives, minimal consideration of harm to racialized people, and the publication of unscientific and racist studies. The field of psychology needs more diverse researchers, perspectives, and topics to reach its full potential and meet the mental health needs of communities of colour. Several recommendations are called for to ensure the APA can centre racial equity throughout the editorial and review process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Strauss
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sophia Gran-Ruaz
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Muna Osman
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Sonya C. Faber
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Bioville GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
- Angelini Pharma, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Girolamo T, Ghali S, Eigsti IM. A Community-Based Approach to Longitudinal Language Research With Racially and Ethnically Minoritized Autistic Young Adults: Lessons Learned and New Directions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023; 32:977-988. [PMID: 36927069 PMCID: PMC10473368 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Language and autism research each typically excludes racially and ethnically minoritized (REM) autistic individuals. In addition, in the case of autistic individuals with language impairment, investigators often approach caregivers to discuss research participation, rather than autistic individuals themselves. This gap limits the ecological validity of language research in autism. To address this gap, this clinical focus article describes strategies for engaging REM autistic young adults with language impairment using lessons learned from 5 years of longitudinal research with this population. This approach involved an ongoing community partnership, as well as participatory partnerships with REM autistic individuals and community stakeholders, consistent with a "slow science" approach. CONCLUSIONS The approach yielded excellent retention of participants over 5 years and led to co-development of research projects aimed at priorities described by REM autistic individuals and their families, including understanding self-determination, social determinants of health, and language variability in autistic REM individuals with language impairment. Findings support the utility of community-based methods with autistic REM young adults with language impairment, with key takeaways for diversifying research while replicating, extending, and building theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Girolamo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs
- Connecticut Institute of the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs
| | - Samantha Ghali
- Child Language Doctoral Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence
| | - Inge-Marie Eigsti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs
- Connecticut Institute of the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs
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12
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Galán CA, Bowdring MA, Tung I, Sequeira SL, Call CC, Savell S, Boness CL, Northrup J. Real Change or Performative Anti-Racism? Clinical Psychology Programs' Efforts to Recruit and Retain BIPOC Scholars. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023; 52:411-426. [PMID: 37195881 PMCID: PMC10213123 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2203930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed perceptions of Clinical Psychology doctoral programs' efforts to recruit and retain faculty and graduate students of color, as well as differences in perceptions based on participants' position within their program (i.e. graduate student versus faculty) and race. METHOD Participants (n = 297; 35% people of color; 79% female; mean age: 32) were graduate students and faculty from Clinical Psychology doctoral programs who completed an anonymous online survey about their programs' efforts to recruit and retain graduate students and faculty of color; sense of belonging and perceptions of racial discrimination within programs; and experiences of cultural taxation and racism within programs. RESULTS Faculty (n = 95) reported significantly greater perceptions of recruitment and retention efforts and fewer perceptions of racial discrimination than did graduate students (n = 202). Asian (n = 31), Black (n = 25), and Latinx (n = 35) participants reported significantly fewer perceptions of recruitment and retention efforts, less sense of belonging, and greater perceptions of racial discrimination than did White participants (n = 192). Cultural taxation was common among participants of color, and approximately half (47%) reported they have considered leaving academia - and approximately one third (31%) have considered leaving their program - due to experiences of racism in their program or field. CONCLUSIONS Cultural taxation and racial discrimination were common among scholars of color in this sample. Whether intentional or not, these experiences contribute to racially-toxic environments and negatively impact the racial diversity of the mental health workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Molly A. Bowdring
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | - Irene Tung
- California State University, Dominguez Hills
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13
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Bernard DL, Gaskin-Wasson AL, Jones SC, Lee DB, Neal AJ, Sosoo EE, Willis HA, Neblett EW. Diversifying Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: A Change Gonna Come. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023; 52:396-410. [PMID: 37042734 PMCID: PMC10228293 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2191284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workforce diversity is an ongoing challenge in the field of clinical child and adolescent psychology. This article discusses individual, institutional, and nonspecific factors that contribute to a lack of diversity among clinical child and adolescent psychologists and offers suggestions to diversify and advance the field of clinical child and adolescent mental health. METHOD Seventeen professors, licensed psychologists, faculty, and clinicians in the field of clinical child and adolescent psychology answered questions about workforce diversity and who is permitted access to the field. No formal research was conducted. RESULTS Individual factors included: racial discrimination and microaggressions, feelings of isolation, otherness, and not belonging. Institutional factors included: racism in academia, racial underrepresentation, ethnocentric and culturally-biased training, biased admissions selection processes, financial barriers, and lack of institutional commitment. Nonspecific factors were: values misalignment, hidden expectations, suboptimal mentoring, and limited research opportunities. CONCLUSIONS Drawing on recent scholarship and the Contexts, Actions, and Outcomes (CAO) Model, we recommend institutional changes in programs, policies, practices, resources, climate, partnerships, and inquiry to improve diversity in the field of clinical child and adolescent psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shawn C.T. Jones
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Daniel B. Lee
- Institute of Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Aaron J. Neal
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | | | - Enrique W. Neblett
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
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14
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Hurd NM, Young AS. Introduction to the Special Issue: Advancing Racial Justice in Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023; 52:311-327. [PMID: 37141558 PMCID: PMC10213141 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2202255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Relative to White youth, racially and ethnically marginalized youth in the U.S. are less likely to initiate treatment, stay in treatment, and receive adequate care. This special issue attends to racial injustice in clinical child and adolescent psychology. While numerous factors drive these racial disparities, this special issue focuses specifically on opportunities and responsibilities we have as mental health providers, teachers, mentors, researchers, and gatekeepers to make our field more racially just. In this introduction to the special issue, we review barriers and solutions across multiple contexts including structural, institutional, and practice-based. We also discuss challenges and opportunities to diversify our field and increase the representation of racially and ethnically marginalized practitioners and scholars in clinical child and adolescent psychology. We then briefly review the special issue articles and make final recommendations for how to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea S Young
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
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15
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Gómez JM. Diversity Wanted! Utilizing Transdisciplinary Scholarship on Structural Inequality to Educate Psychology Graduate Students. TEACHING OF PSYCHOLOGY (COLUMBIA, MO.) 2023; 50:125-130. [PMID: 37066024 PMCID: PMC10103806 DOI: 10.1177/00986283211061687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) should promote diversity, equity, inclusion, and social justice for the next generation of psychologists. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM I worry that the SoTL propagates an exclusionary field that becomes increasingly irrelevant in our diverse society given that graduate curricula largely exclude scholarship on structural inequality. LITERATURE REVIEW I detail the process of graduate curricular changes in my current department, with a focus on my new required graduate course, Diversity, Systems, and Inequality. I utilize scholarship from law, sociology, philosophy, women and gender studies, education, and psychology. TEACHING IMPLICATIONS I provide the structure and content of the course-including syllabi and lecture slides-as well as modes of assessment that promote inclusivity and critical thinking. I detail how current faculty can learn to incorporate the content of this work into their own teaching and scholarship through weekly journal clubs. CONCLUSION SoTL outlets can publish transdisciplinary, inclusive course materials regarding structural inequality, thus mainstreaming and amplifying such work for the benefit of the field and our world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Gómez
- Center for Institutional Courage, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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16
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Urcuyo AE, Conroy K, Sanchez AL, Silva K, Furr JM, Bagner DM, Comer JS. Psychometric Evaluation of the Abbreviated Multidimensional Acculturation Scale (AMAS) in a Treatment-Seeking Sample of First-Generation Immigrant Caregivers. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01525-w. [PMID: 36964458 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01525-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
The unique needs of first-generation immigrants and their families have not been prioritized in mental healthcare. Cultural tailoring of child services requires valid, reliable, and efficient assessments of family cultural identity. The Abbreviated Multidimension Acculturation Scale (AMAS) is a self-report of acculturation and enculturation that has been evaluated in community, but not clinical, samples. We offer the first AMAS psychometric evaluation in a treatment-seeking sample of first-generation immigrant caregivers presenting for children's mental healthcare (N = 219). Analyses examined the internal consistency, concurrent validity, and factor structures of the long-form AMAS (42 items, six subscales), AMAS-10 (10 items, four subscales), and AMAS-14 (14 items, six subscales). Findings provide support for the AMAS-10 and AMAS-14, but not the full-length AMAS, in the present sample. Given urgent needs for culturally responsive care for first-generation populations, the AMAS-10 and AMAS-14 can be used in clinical settings to support cultural assessment, case conceptualization, and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya E Urcuyo
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Kristina Conroy
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | | | - Karina Silva
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jami M Furr
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Daniel M Bagner
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jonathan S Comer
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
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17
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Reid MR, Danguecan AN, Colindres I, Witherspoon D, Rubinstein TB, Drenkard C, Knight AM, Cunningham NR. An ecological approach to understanding and addressing health inequities of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2023; 32:612-624. [PMID: 36922154 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231164637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex chronic autoimmune disease disproportionally afflicting women and, in particular, American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic women. These groups of women have significantly worse SLE-related health outcomes which are partially attributable to their exposure to marginalizing and interconnecting social issues like racism, sexism, economic inequality, and more. Although these groups of women have higher rates of SLE and though it is well known that they are at risk of exposure to marginalizing social phenomena, relatively little SLE literature explicitly links and addresses the relationship between marginalizing social issues and poor SLE-health outcomes among these women. Therefore, we developed a community-engaged partnership with two childhood-SLE diagnosed women of color to identify their perspectives on which systemic issues impacted on their SLE health-related outcomes. Afterward, we used Cochrane guidelines to conduct a rapid review associated with these identified issues and original SLE research. Then, we adapted an ecological model to illustrate the connection between systems issues and SLE health outcomes. Finally, we provided recommendations for ways to research and clinically mitigate SLE health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallet R Reid
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Ashley N Danguecan
- Division of Rheumatology, 7979The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Tamar B Rubinstein
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Andrea M Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, 7979The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Natoshia R Cunningham
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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18
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Volpe VV, Hope EC, Mosley DV, Javidi H, Sosoo EE, Benson GP. How We Get Free: Graduate Training as an Opportunity for Equitable Participation and Liberation. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 18:428-444. [PMID: 36037403 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221096086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this conceptual article, we assert that psychology should be transformed to adopt the explicit goal of working toward the liberation of people oppressed by society rather than striving for mere equality. To achieve such a transformation, it is necessary to reenvision graduate training in psychology. Graduate training in psychology is an important vehicle by which psychologists can become prepared to use research and practice to eradicate inequities in society. Therefore, we propose six pillars for liberation-focused graduate training in psychology: critical unlearning/unknowing, cooperative modes of production, prioritizing indigenous knowledge, embedded interdependence, systems-level action, and prioritizing members of oppressed groups. Although this conceptualization may engender resistance, we argue that there are many potential pathways by which graduate training may use liberation psychology to work equitably with oppressed groups to seek justice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elan C Hope
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University
| | | | - Hannah Javidi
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University
| | - Effua E Sosoo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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19
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Graff SL, Wildes T, Duma N, Dizon DS, LoConte NK, Mitchell E, Murphy MC, Perez EA, Temkin SM, Kunz PL, Winkfield KM. Understanding Modern Medical Centers: Beyond Simone-Intersectional Maxims for a New Era. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:1350-1358. [PMID: 36166718 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Graff
- Division of Medical Oncology, Lifespan Cancer Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Narjust Duma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Don S Dizon
- Division of Medical Oncology, Lifespan Cancer Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Noelle K LoConte
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Edith Mitchell
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Martina C Murphy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Edith A Perez
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL
| | | | - Pamela L Kunz
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Karen M Winkfield
- Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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20
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Bowleg L, Malekzadeh AN, AuBuchon KE, Ghabrial MA, Bauer GR. Rare exemplars and missed opportunities: Intersectionality within current sexual and gender diversity research and scholarship in psychology. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101511. [PMID: 36586378 PMCID: PMC10787324 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Using intersectionality as our critical analytical framework, we examined 22 articles on sexual and gender diversity (SGD) published in peer-reviewed psychology journals between January and June 2022 to: (1) identify their engagement with intersectionality's core themes; and (2) highlight key findings and directions for future intersectional SGD research. Our review includes 12 theoretical and empirical articles that addressed a breadth of topics such as intersectional stigma/discrimination, gendered racism, minority stress, and intersectional ableism. This review highlights opportunities within intersectional SGD research in psychology to provide a needed corrective to the discipline's tradition of individualistic, single-axis research focused on predominantly White, cisgender and heterosexual people, and attend to intersectionality's focus on intersecting power relations and commitments to social justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bowleg
- The George Washington University, United States.
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21
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Vance MM, Wade JM, Brandy M, Webster AR. Contextualizing Black Women's Mental Health in the Twenty-First Century: Gendered Racism and Suicide-Related Behavior. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:83-92. [PMID: 34984654 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite predictions from the Black-White and gender paradoxes in suicide risk, there has been a recent growth in suicide rates among Black women and girls that requires special attention from social and behavioral researchers. In this review, we demonstrate how and why an intersectional framework is needed to understand and contextualize Black women's mental health and suicide risk. To begin, we outline data and existing literature on Black women's mental health outcomes. Next, we provide insights from intersectional and Black feminist scholars on the uniqueness of Black womanhood and the necessity of centering racism and sexism in studies of Black women. Third, we present clear links between mental health, gendered racism experienced by Black women, and the Strong Black Woman schema which they adopt to navigate society. Fourth, and finally, we discuss practical and scholarly applications for this work. To this end, this research agenda is about advocating for the consideration of psychosocial and sociocultural factors in practice and research on suicide-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Vance
- Department of Social Work & Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27401, USA.
| | - Jeannette M Wade
- Department of Social Work & Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27401, USA
| | - Mervin Brandy
- Department of Social Work & Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27401, USA
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22
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Bull E, Young D, Etchebarne A, Malpus Z. Understanding ethnic minority service user experiences of being invited to and attending group pain programmes: A qualitative service evaluation. Br J Pain 2023; 17:58-70. [PMID: 36815070 PMCID: PMC9940249 DOI: 10.1177/20494637221129196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Health inequalities continue to exist for individuals from an ethnic minority background who live with chronic pain. There is a growing recognition that an individual's experience of pain is shaped by their cultural beliefs, which may influence their decisions about managing their pain. Aims This service evaluation aimed to (a) understand experiences of service users from a Black, Asian or other ethnic minority background of being invited to and attending a group pain programme in one secondary care pain rehabilitation service. (b) Provide recommendations to develop culturally grounded services to better meet the diverse needs of all service users living with chronic pain. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five service users who had been offered a place on a group pain programme within the last 3 years. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to identify themes in the data. Results The analysis produced three themes (1) Pain, Ethnicity and Coping: Perceptions of pain and coping in relation to ethnicity and intersectional factors, alignment to a self-management approach. (2) Communication for Decisions: Experiences of ethnicity and culture in relation to health professional communication about group pain programmes, participants' expectations and fears. (3) Feeling Included: Experiences of feeling included or excluded in group pain programme, relationships and empowerment during the group pain programme. Discussion The five service users shared a range of perspectives on how they felt ethnicity shaped their experience of the group pain programme. The findings suggest that adaptations to group pain programmes can make a meaningful difference for service users from ethnic minority backgrounds. 10 recommendations are suggested, including greater exploration of cultural beliefs during assessment, improving accessibility of information about the service and engaging more diverse attendees and facilitators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bull
- PRIMO Community MSK Pain Team | Withington Community Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Dore Young
- Back Pain Programme Lead, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andre Etchebarne
- Trafford Community MSK Pain Team, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Zoey Malpus
- Inpatient Pain Team, Oxford Road Campus, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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23
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Williams M, Osman M, Hyon C. Understanding the Psychological Impact of Oppression Using the Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2023; 7:24705470221149511. [PMID: 36683843 PMCID: PMC9850126 DOI: 10.1177/24705470221149511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oppression refers to systemic discrimination where the injustice targets or disproportionately impacts specific groups of people. The Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale (TSDS) is a self-report measure designed to assess the traumatizing impact of discrimination broadly by measuring anxiety-related symptoms of trauma due to discriminatory experiences. This may include symptoms arising from racism, homophobia, sexism, poverty, or other forms of marginalization. Almost all studies of the TSDS have examined its use in marginalized ethnoracial groups, primarily African Americans. This paper will extend prior work to help us better understand racial trauma across groups by reporting and comparing TSDS mean scores across ethnoracial identities in a diverse national sample (n = 923). It also explores trauma with other marginalized identities and demographic dimensions, including gender, sexual minority/LGBQ status, education, and income. The relationship of TSDS scores to clinical psychopathologies are examined, including stress, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. We also examine the unique risks associated with intersectionality, and how having multiple marginalized identities may increase traumatization. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monnica Williams
- School of Psychology, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Muna Osman
- School of Psychology, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada,Monnica T. Williams, PhD, University of
Ottawa, School of Psychology, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa,
Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Chrysalis Hyon
- Department of East West Psychology,
California
Institute of Integral Studies, San
Francisco, California, USA
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24
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Campbell R, Munford A, Moylan CA, PettyJohn ME, Schweda K, Fedewa T, Rosen H, Ferguson MA, Beal J, Buchanan NT. Creating a University Strategic Plan to Address Relationship Violence and Sexual Misconduct (RVSM): An Application of Principles-Focused Evaluation at Michigan State University. Violence Against Women 2023; 29:3-34. [PMID: 36256536 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221130106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a multi-year initiative at Michigan State University (MSU) to change our institutional response to relationship violence and sexual misconduct (RVSM) in the aftermath of a large-scale institutional crisis. While the circumstances at MSU are unique, many universities have faced or will face moments that bring RVSM issues into the spotlight. To inform other colleges and universities, we describe how we developed a 5-year strategic plan to transform services for survivors and develop prevention programming for multiple audiences and at multiple levels of analysis. We titled this framework Know More. Do More. Support More, whereby "know more" reflects our ongoing use of campus climate surveys and data sharing to educate our community about RVSM; "do more" includes our institutional-level strategic plan for culture change; and "support more" provides guidance to our community members on how to respond to disclosures in a trauma-informed way and connect survivors to support services. We discuss the challenges and opportunities that stemmed from our choice to work "within the system" to create this model, as well as the ethical dilemmas we faced in these partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Munford
- 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Kelly Schweda
- 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Tana Fedewa
- 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Holly Rosen
- 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jesse Beal
- 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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25
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Watson-Singleton NN, Lewis JA, Dworkin ER. Toward a socially just diversity science: Using intersectional mixed methods research to center multiply marginalized Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC). CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 29:34-42. [PMID: 34323509 PMCID: PMC8799767 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plaut's breakthrough 2010 publication on diversity science-the study of meaningful human differences-set in motion a generative field of theory and research. Yet, to move diversity science forward, innovative methods that explicitly center the experiences of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) who encounter multiple forms of marginalization must be adopted. One such approach is intersectional mixed methods research-a methodological approach that uses intersectionality theory to guide the use of both quantitative and qualitative methods within a single study. CONCLUSIONS We argue that intersectional mixed methods research includes four tenets: (1) research questions prioritize multiply marginalized BIPOC individuals, (2) the multiple realities of BIPOC individuals are honored and embraced, (3) identity-related variables (e.g., self-reported discrimination) are studied alongside systems-level variables (e.g., structural racism), and (4) scholars engage in critical reflexivity. We also propose that intersectional mixed methods research can advance scholarship on multiply marginalized BIPOC individuals by fulfilling one of five purposes: Triangulation, complementarity, expansion, development, and initiation. We close with a discussion of tensions and recommendations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jioni A. Lewis
- Department of Counseling, Higher Education, and Special Education, University of Maryland, College Park
| | - Emily R. Dworkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine
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26
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Louis CC, Webster CT, Gloe LM, Moser JS. Hair me out: Highlighting systematic exclusion in psychophysiological methods and recommendations to increase inclusion. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1058953. [PMID: 36569470 PMCID: PMC9774030 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1058953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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27
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Nagy GA, Cassiello-Robbins C, Anand D, Arnold ML, Coleman JN, Nwosu J, Singh RS, Woodward EN. Building a multicultural peer-consultation team: Planning, implementing, and early sustainment evaluation. Transcult Psychiatry 2022; 59:844-862. [PMID: 35866216 DOI: 10.1177/13634615221105117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This article represents an implementation-focused evaluation of a multicultural peer-consultation team situated within a psychiatry department in a large academic medical center in the Southern United States. The evaluation comprised anonymous self-report questionnaires (n = 14) as well as individual (n = 3) or group interviews (n = 10) conducted by outside independent evaluators. Participants were current and former team members (i.e., graduate trainees, mental health care providers, clinical and research staff members) who voluntarily participated in this multimethod implementation evaluation. Results indicated that attendance on the team had several important impacts on members, and most notably an increased ability to provide multiculturally competent care, that is treatment that carefully and routinely considers the influence of culture and context on patients and therefore their clinical presentation. Further, no negative impacts from participating on the team were noted. A primary strength of the team's sustainability is that participation on the team was deemed to be relevant and useful by current and former team members. A major barrier to participation on the team is competing demands, such as high clinical loads. We conclude that this model for multicultural peer-consultation holds promise as an effective and implementable educational method for mental health care professionals. We discuss strengths, limitations, and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela A Nagy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine & School of Nursing, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Clair Cassiello-Robbins
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Deepika Anand
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Macey L Arnold
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Jessica N Coleman
- Duke University Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua Nwosu
- Psychology Service, Washington DC Veterans Affairs Health Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - R Sonia Singh
- VA Center for Mental Healthcare and Outcomes Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Eva N Woodward
- VA Center for Mental Healthcare and Outcomes Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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28
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Brinkman AH, Rea-Sandin G, Lund EM, Fitzpatrick OM, Gusman MS, Boness CL. Shifting the discourse on disability: Moving to an inclusive, intersectional focus. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY 2022; 93:50-62. [PMID: 36265035 PMCID: PMC9951269 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with disabilities comprise one of the largest marginalized groups in the United States and experience systemic barriers in health care. In Westernized communities, disability has historically been conceptualized via the medical model, which considers disability an individual-level deficit in need of correction. Although other models of disability (e.g., social model) have been developed to address the medical model's ableist shortcomings, these fail to consistently acknowledge intersectionality. Specifically, these models fail to consider that (a) a disabled individual may hold other marginalized or oppressed identities and (b) these intersecting oppressions may exacerbate health inequities. Intersectionality, which originates from Black feminist literature, describes the ways that systems of power and oppression (e.g., racism, sexism) interact to form an individual's unique experience. To date, the intersection of disability and other marginalized identities has been neglected in psychology and related fields, leaving little guidance for how scholars, clinicians, and other stakeholders can address disability via an intersectional lens. The present article discusses how a disability-affirmative, intersectional approach can serve as a strategy for challenging and reforming oppressive systems across the field of psychology. We assert that, ultimately, this approach has the potential to optimize and expand access to equitable, inclusive mental health care, and we propose actionable steps psychologists can take in research, practice, training, and policy in pursuit of this aim. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emily M. Lund
- Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, University of Alabama
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29
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Campbell R, Goodman-Williams R, Javorka M, Engleton J, Gregory K. Understanding Sexual Assault Survivors’ Perspectives on Archiving Qualitative Data: Implications for Feminist Approaches to Open Science. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN QUARTERLY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03616843221131546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The open science movement has framed data sharing as necessary and achievable best practices for high-quality science. Feminist psychologists have complicated that narrative by questioning the purpose of data sharing across different paradigms, methodologies, and research populations. In these debates, the academic community has centered the needs and voices of researchers, and participants’ perspectives are largely missing from this literature. In this study, we sought to understand how research participants feel about sharing qualitative data on a sensitive subject—sexual victimization. As part of a participatory action research project, we conducted qualitative interviews with sexual assault survivors about their post-assault help-seeking experiences. The federal funding agency that supported this project requires researchers to archive de-identified data in a national data repository (the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data [NACJD]). All participants consented to archiving data, and the vast majority expressed positive views about data sharing because they wanted to help other survivors. Participants emphasized that our participatory action research approach and our stated goal of helping survivors were important considerations in their decisions regarding data sharing. Researchers should obtain informed consent from their participants for data sharing/archiving, and discuss their dissemination plans during the informed consent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Campbell
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - McKenzie Javorka
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jasmine Engleton
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Katie Gregory
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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30
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Lee BH, Sawhney A, Diaz D. Racial/Ethnic Minority Vocational Research Trends in Counseling Psychology and Multicultural Psychology Journals: A Trend Analysis Across 51 Years. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08948453221125259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study extends Flores et al.’s (2006) 36-year analysis of racial/ethnic minority (REM) vocational research published in career journals to REM vocational research in eight counseling psychology and multicultural psychology journals across a span of 51 years. We identified 483 REM vocational studies published in the Journal of Counseling Psychology (JCP), The Counseling Psychologist (TCP), Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development (JMCD), Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology (CDEMP), Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology (JCCP), Journal of Black Psychology (JBP), Journal of Latina/o Psychology (JLP), and Asian American Journal of Psychology (AAJP) between 1969 and 2020. Results showed that less than 5% of all articles published in these journals during the past 49 years focused on vocational issues with REMs. Publication trends, article topics and type, samples, and leading individual and institutional contributors to REM vocational research are reported. JMCD published the largest percentage of these articles (33.9%, n = 132) as well as the largest percentage (18%) of REM vocational articles relative to other articles in its journal during this time frame. Implications of the findings are provided for expanding REM vocational scholarship in counseling psychology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hyun Lee
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Apoorvee Sawhney
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David Diaz
- San Diego Counsleing and Psychological Services, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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31
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Girolamo T, Ghali S, Campos I, Ford A. Interpretation and Use of Standardized Language Assessments for Diverse School-Age Individuals. PERSPECTIVES OF THE ASHA SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS 2022; 7:981-994. [PMID: 36105373 PMCID: PMC9467289 DOI: 10.1044/2022_persp-21-00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ultimate aim of an assessment is to help examiners make valid conclusions about an individual's skill given their performance on a particular measure. Yet, assessing the language abilities of culturally and linguistically diverse individuals requires researchers and practitioners to carefully consider the appropriateness of traditional parameters of test psychometrics (e.g., reliability, or consistency of assessments as measurement) plus the intersectional identities that inform the generalizability of these parameters. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide clinicians and researchers with resources to interpret and use common standardized language assessments in English for culturally and linguistically diverse school-age youth. We present theories from psychometrics, legal studies, and education relevant to language assessment of diverse individuals, review standardized language assessments in English, and provide theory-to-practice applications of language assessment scenarios. CONCLUSIONS Implementing intersectional approaches in working with diverse children and using assessment scores as just one piece of evidence amid a broader evidence base will contribute to a more accurate evaluation of culturally and linguistically diverse children's language abilities. A comprehensive approach involving multiple stakeholders across the field of communication sciences and disorders may support achieving such implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Girolamo
- University of Connecticut, University of Kansas, CAHELP, University of Minnesota
| | - Samantha Ghali
- University of Connecticut, University of Kansas, CAHELP, University of Minnesota
| | - Ivan Campos
- University of Connecticut, University of Kansas, CAHELP, University of Minnesota
| | - Andrea Ford
- University of Connecticut, University of Kansas, CAHELP, University of Minnesota
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Girolamo TM, Castro N, Fannin DK, Ghali S, Mandulak K. Inequity in Peer Review in Communication Sciences and Disorders. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:1898-1912. [PMID: 35758875 PMCID: PMC9531929 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-21-00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) has committed to advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) by retaining and advancing Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) individuals in the discipline of communication sciences and disorders (CSD), amid critical shortages of faculty to train the next generation of practitioners and researchers. Publishing research is central to the recruitment, retention, and advancement of faculty. However, inequity in peer review may systematically target BIPOC scholars, adding yet another barrier to their success as faculty. This viewpoint article addresses the challenge of inequity in peer review and provides some practical strategies for developing equitable peer-review practices. First, we describe the demographics of ASHA constituents, including those holding research doctorates, who would typically be involved in peer review. Next, we explore the peer-review process, describing how inequity in peer review may adversely impact BIPOC authors or research with BIPOC communities. Finally, we offer real-world examples of and a framework for equitable peer review. CONCLUSIONS Inequity at the individual and systemic levels in peer review can harm BIPOC CSD authors. Such inequity has effects not limited to peer review itself and exerts long-term adverse effects on the recruitment, retention, and advancement of BIPOC faculty in CSD. To uphold ASHA's commitment to DEI and to move the discipline of CSD forward, it is imperative to build equity into the editorial structure for publishing, the composition of editorial boards, and journals content. While we focus on inequity in CSD, these issues are relevant to other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nichol Castro
- Department of Communication Disorders & Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo
| | - Danai Kasambira Fannin
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, North Carolina Central University, Durham
| | - Samantha Ghali
- Child Language Doctoral Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence
| | - Kerry Mandulak
- School of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR
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Yalcinoz-Ucan B, Zilney L, Zientarska-Kayko A, Ireland T, Browne DT. Examining the effectiveness of psychological interventions for marginalised and disadvantaged women and individuals who have experienced gender-based violence: protocol for a scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060479. [PMID: 35798531 PMCID: PMC9263928 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to gender-based violence (GBV) has devastating psychological outcomes for victims/survivors. Particularly in conditions where GBV intersects with multiple forms of oppression, the negative impacts of violence are more challenging to overcome and potential pathways for recovery become less accessible. However, evidence regarding the availability and effectiveness of mental health interventions for GBV survivors from marginalised and disadvantaged communities has yet to be systematically integrated and synthesised. The proposed scoping review will examine the relevant literature regarding the availability and effectiveness of psychological interventions for survivors of GBV from marginalised and disadvantaged backgrounds. This review will (i) document what psychological interventions have been available and empirically established for marginalised and disadvantaged women and individuals with experiences of GBV, (ii) provide a narrative examination of the treatment outcomes of identified interventions regarding their effectiveness and (iii) examine the degree to which GBV interventions in selected sources are designed and applied with a recognition of the social determinants of mental health. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The search for the proposed scoping review will include five electronic databases: PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, and CINAHL. The database search will be completed in June 2022. An additional search will be conducted before the completion of the study in December 2022. The search will target research studies published after 2010. The primary eligibility criterion for study selection is having a focus on psychological interventions for GBV survivors from marginalised and disadvantaged groups. Two reviewers will conduct screening and data extraction. The data will be evaluated to map the treatment outcomes of interventions and their effectiveness. Implications for clinical services will be discussed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethical consideration is foreseen for this scoping review. The dissemination will be done through a publication in a top-tier open access journal and conference presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Timothy Ireland
- Information Services and Resources, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Brown J, Lengyel M. Psychotherapists' efforts to increase awareness of social privilege. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Brown
- Faculty of Education University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - Marguerite Lengyel
- Faculty of Education University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
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Excellence, access, and the public good: Building socially responsive admissions practices for health science programs. Psychiatry Res 2022; 311:114497. [PMID: 35278768 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The health sciences have a public calling to provide socially responsive health care for all of society, particularly those most in need. This call is reverberating in universities and has particular relevance for health science professions. Despite universities' public mission, admissions practices in the health sciences exhibit a fundamental tension between excellence and access, with excellence defined by rankings and research productivity, and access defined by broader public access both to universities themselves and to the knowledge created there. Health science programs' popularity among students intensifies the exclusivity of admissions processes, at the expense of access. This paper presents both a psychometric and social justice critique of existing admissions criteria and processes. A psychometric perspective demonstrates that admissions processes have inherent bias and fairness issues not limited to reliance on standardized test scores, but extending to measures such as interviews, grade point averages, personal statements, recommendation letters, and CVs. Evaluating admissions criteria using a social justice lens focuses attention on procedural, background, and stake fairness, as well as practices that tend to exclude underrepresented groups. Potential improvements to admissions include applying promising practices from holistic approaches, reducing applicants' financial burden, instituting admissions criteria that more broadly represent all groups, involving underrepresented groups in adjudicating candidate applications, implementing equitable educational strategies, and evaluating the degree to which programs' climate and theoretical underpinnings are conducive to recruiting from underrepresented groups. Finally, to fulfill our public call for social responsiveness, it is essential to frame admissions to health science programs in terms of serving the public good by training candidates from underrepresented groups and by positioning excellence as access.
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Adams LM, Miller AB. Mechanisms of Mental-Health Disparities Among Minoritized Groups: How Well Are the Top Journals in Clinical Psychology Representing This Work? Clin Psychol Sci 2022; 10:387-416. [PMID: 35602543 PMCID: PMC9122282 DOI: 10.1177/21677026211026979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
We have known for decades that mental health disparities exist among minoritized groups, including race, ethnicity, sexual identities, gender identity and expression, ability, and others. Theories and frameworks that incorporate stressors unique to the experiences of minoritized groups, such as the biopsychosocial model of racism (Clark et al, 1999) and minority stress model (Meyer, 2003), offer testable mechanisms that may help explain, in part, mental health disparities. However, research addressing mechanisms of these disparities is still scarce and is not well represented in our top clinical psychology journals. This review critically examines the extent to which top tier clinical psychology journals publish work examining mechanisms of mental health disparities among minoritized populations. We find very few studies have been published in top clinical psychology journals that address mechanisms of mental health disparities. We examine potential reasons for this and discuss recommendations for future research.
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Yusuf HE, Copeland-Linder N, Young AS, Matson PA, Trent M. The Impact of Racism on the Health and Wellbeing of Black Indigenous and Other Youth of Color (BIPOC Youth). Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2022; 31:261-275. [PMID: 35361364 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Black, Indigenous, and other Youth of Color (BIPOC youth) experience racism from a young age. These experiences have both immediate and long-term impacts on their health and wellbeing. Systemic racism contributes to the inequitable distribution of health resources and other social determinants of health, creating barriers to accessing care. Substance use disorders and sexual/nonsexual risk behaviors have been linked to experiences of racism in BIPOC youth. The legacy of generational racial trauma can frame behaviors and attitudes in the present, undermining health and survival in this group. BIPOC youth also face difficulties navigating spheres characterized as white spaces. Ethnic-racial socialization may promote resilience and help with coping in the context of racial stress. While many professional health organizations have embraced dismantling racism, a shift in the narrative on racial values will be critical for preventing adversity and achieving health equity for BIPOC youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasiya E Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 200 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Nikeea Copeland-Linder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrea S Young
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Bloomberg 12 N, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Pamela A Matson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 200 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maria Trent
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 200 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Girolamo TM, Politzer-Ahles S, Ghali S, Williams BT. Preliminary Evaluation of Applicants to Master's Programs in Speech-Language Pathology Using Vignettes and Criteria From a Holistic Review Process. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:552-577. [PMID: 34715008 PMCID: PMC9150675 DOI: 10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about how others evaluate applicants to master's programs in speech-language pathology along criteria used during holistic review despite more programs adopting holistic review. This knowledge gap limits our understanding of whether holistic admissions may offer a more equitable pathway to entering speech-language pathology. This study investigated how faculty and PhD students evaluated applicants to master's speech-language pathology programs along criteria used during holistic review. METHOD We administered a survey online through a Qualtrics platform. Respondents (N = 66) were faculty and PhD candidates in U.S. speech-language-hearing departments. Survey blocks included demographics, professional background, and vignettes. Vignettes featured profiles of applicants to master's programs in speech-language pathology. Vignettes systematically varied in the indicators of applicant criteria, which were specified at low, moderate, or high levels or not specified. After reading each vignette, respondents rated the applicant and indicated their admissions decision. Analysis included descriptives. RESULTS Relative to an applicant who was at a high level for all indicators except cultural and linguistic diversity, respondents ranked applicants who varied in their indicators of criteria levels lower. Respondents were also less likely to make an explicit "accept" decision (vs. "waitlist" or "reject") for this latter group of applicants. CONCLUSIONS Even when implementing criteria used during holistic review, applicants who vary from a "high-achieving" stereotype may still face barriers to entry. Future work is needed to understand the precise nature of how holistic admissions review may play out in actual practice and help increase diversity in the profession.
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Pinciotti CM, Smith Z, Singh S, Wetterneck CT, Williams MT. Call to Action: Recommendations for Justice-Based Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Sexual Orientation and Gender Themes. Behav Ther 2022; 53:153-169. [PMID: 35227395 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gender and sexual minorities are subjected to minority stress in the form of discrimination and violence that leads to vigilance; identity concealment and discomfort; and internalized homophobia, biphobia, and transphobia. These experiences are related to increased susceptibility to mental health concerns in this population. Historically, the behavioral treatment of sexual orientation (SO) and gender-themed obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has inadvertently reinforced anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) stigma and contributed to minority stress in clients, treatment providers, and society at large. We present updated recommendations for treatment of SO- and gender-themed OCD through a more equitable, justice-based lens, primarily through eliminating exposures that contribute to minority stress and replacing them with psychoeducation about LGBTQ+ identities, and exposures to neutral and positive stimuli, uncertainty, and core fears. We also present recommendations for equitable research on SO- and gender-themed OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Singh
- South Central Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
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40
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Polanco-Roman L, Miranda R. A cycle of exclusion that impedes suicide research among racial and ethnic minority youth. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:171-174. [PMID: 33811663 PMCID: PMC10438926 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the United States, suicide risk for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) is most concentrated before age 30, which contrasts with non-Hispanic White groups, for whom the highest risk period is during ages 50-65. The need for a better understanding of the underlying causes of suicidal behavior among BIPOC youth is critical. Cultural considerations were recommended over a decade ago to advance the study of youth suicide prevention and research. Without addressing the barriers to implementing these recommendations in limited-resourced settings, however, the mental health needs of BIPOC youth at risk for suicide will continue to go unmet. In this commentary, we outline structural barriers in research that perpetuate a cycle of exclusion wherein an understudied, though timely, research area faces undue burdens across the research cycle, which impedes the study of suicide risk among BIPOC youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina Miranda
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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41
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Smith DT, Faber SC, Buchanan NT, Foster D, Green L. The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:774736. [PMID: 35126196 PMCID: PMC8811257 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.774736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychedelic medicine is an emerging field that examines entheogens, psychoactive substances that produce non-ordinary states of consciousness (NOSC). 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is currently in phase-3 FDA clinical trials in the United States (US) and Canada to treat the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MDMA is used in conjunction with manualized therapy, because of its effectiveness in reducing fear-driven stimuli that contribute to trauma and anxiety symptoms. In 2017, the FDA designated MDMA as a "breakthrough therapy," signaling that it has advantages in safety, efficacy, and compliance over available medication for the treatment of trauma-, stress-, and anxiety-related disorders such as PTSD. In the US and Canada, historical and contemporary racial mistreatment is frequently experienced by Black people via a variety of macro and micro insults. Such experiences trigger physiological responses of anxiety and fear, which are associated with chronically elevated stress hormone levels (e.g., cortisol and epinephrine), similar to levels documented among those diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. This paper will explore the benefits of entheogens within psychedelic assisted-therapy and their potential benefits in addressing the sequelae of pervasive and frequent negative race-based experiences and promoting healing and thriving among Black, Indigenous and other People of Color (BIPOC). The author(s) discuss the ethical responsibility for providing psychedelic-assisted therapy within a culturally competent provider framework and the importance of psychedelic researchers to recruit and retain BIPOC populations in research and clinical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darron T. Smith
- Department of Sociology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | | | - NiCole T. Buchanan
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Lilith Green
- Department of Sociology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
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Gaztambide DJ. Love in a time of anti-Blackness: social rank, attachment, and race in psychotherapy. Attach Hum Dev 2021; 24:353-365. [PMID: 34672242 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2021.1976935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper draws on critical race theory and research on attachment, social rank and dehumanization to theorize the implications of addressing anti-Blackness in psychotherapy with both Black and non-Black clients in the context of White Supremacy. Drawing on and critiquing a recent review of attachment theory and race, the author draws on historical and empirical research outlining the contours of a racial capitalist world. Recontextualizing attachment theory through this critical race theory lens, it will be argued psychotherapy must address anti-Blackness with both Black and non-Black clients, redefining therapeutic action not only as the provision of repair of interpersonal ruptures, but also as the capacity to mentalize about socio-historical ruptures, allowing space to clarify and pursue one's values despite an anti-Black, capitalist and White Supremacist world. This paper will provide case examples illustrating these principles with Black and non-Black clients and conclude with their clinical and political implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Gaztambide
- Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, New York, NY, USA
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43
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Chan CD, Erby AN, Fullen MC. Introduction to the Special Issue. ADULTSPAN JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsp.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian D. Chan
- Department of Counseling and Educational Development The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Girolamo TM, Ghali S. Developing, Implementing, and Learning from a Student-Led Initiative to Support Minority Students in Communication Sciences and Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:768-777. [PMID: 34485699 DOI: 10.1044/2021_persp-20-00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The Student Equity and Inclusion Workgroup is a student-led initiative at the University of Kansas that aims to advance equity and inclusion. Within this structure, the workgroup is entirely student-led and independent of any institutional initiatives. It has developed three themes - recognizing minority student leadership, ensuring equitable access to opportunities, and meaningfully supporting students - and used those themes to develop comprehensive programming in the way of research, institutional advocacy, mentorship, and fellowship. Research initiatives included creating research opportunities for minority students by developing independent research projects. Institutional advocacy initiatives focused on policy change and developing a uniquely situated network of allies at and beyond the university. Mentorship centered student-to-student transmission of knowledge, skills, and support. Fellowship entailed creating opportunities for community-building and recognition of minority student excellence. Conclusions Student-led initiatives such as those of the workgroup may be an effective way of supporting minority students in CSD. Institutions endeavoring to advance equity and inclusion should consider empowering students through facilitation of self-directed development, using institutional supports to support minority students on their terms, and recognizing students as capable partners in rethinking equity and inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha Ghali
- Child Language Doctoral Program, Lawrence, KS, University of Kansas
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45
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Callaghan W. Sex and gender: More than just demographic variables. JOURNAL OF MILITARY, VETERAN AND FAMILY HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
LAY SUMMARY Taking as a starting point that sex and gender are not the same thing, a principal understanding of Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA+), this article reviews research published in 2020 on the health and well-being of Veterans and currently serving members of the Canadian Armed Forces. The purpose of this review was to see how sex and gender were referred to in this published literature. The published research tended not to differentiate between sex and gender, often using the two terms as though they referred to the same thing. Possible reasons for why this has happened are explored, as is the importance of treating sex and gender as fundamentally different things.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Callaghan
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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46
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Fletcher-Watson S, Bölte S, Crompton CJ, Jones D, Lai MC, Mandy W, Pellicano L, Stahmer A, Taylor J, Mandell D. Publishing standards for promoting excellence in autism research. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021; 25:1501-1504. [PMID: 34320849 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211019830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sanchez AL, Comer JS, LaRoche M. Enhancing the Responsiveness of Family-Based CBT Through Culturally Informed Case Conceptualization and Treatment Planning. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Galán CA, Bekele B, Boness C, Bowdring M, Call C, Hails K, McPhee J, Mendes SH, Moses J, Northrup J, Rupert P, Savell S, Sequeira S, Tervo-Clemmens B, Tung I, Vanwoerden S, Womack S, Yilmaz B. Editorial: A Call to Action for an Antiracist Clinical Science. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 50:12-57. [DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1860066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Beza Bekele
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University
| | | | | | | | - Kate Hails
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | | | | | | | - Petra Rupert
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | | | | | - Irene Tung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | - Sean Womack
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia
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Intersectionality Research in Psychological Science: Resisting the Tendency to Disconnect, Dilute, and Depoliticize. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:25-31. [PMID: 33400076 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-020-00748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Psychological science has been slow to incorporate intersectionality as a concept and as a framework for conducting research. This limits not only the potential for intersectionality theory, but also limits the potential impact of the research claiming to use it. Mennies and colleagues conducted a study of psychopathology and treatment utilization using a large racially diverse sample of youth and frame their work as intersectional because they compare across three social categories (race, sex, and social class) and consider social issues that may impact the groups studied. We argue that while this represents a preliminary step, it does not represent intersectionality theory and praxis. In this article we review intersectional theory and praxis, examine psychological science and its resistance to fully incorporating intersectionality, and highlight how research must shift to be truly intersectional. Finally, we issue a call to the field to integrate intersectionality theory and praxis and to resist the tendency to dilute and depoliticize intersectionality theory and disconnect from its social justice frame.
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Buchanan NT. Salient Circles Diagrams: Making Intersectional Identities, Privilege, Power, and Marginalization Visible. WOMEN & THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02703149.2020.1729468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- NiCole T. Buchanan
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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