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Pan Y, Liu B, Zhang W, Zhuang S, Wang H, Chen J, Xiao L, Li Y, Han D. Drought-induced assembly of rhizosphere mycobiomes shows beneficial effects on plant growth. mSystems 2024; 9:e0035424. [PMID: 38842321 PMCID: PMC11264929 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00354-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Beneficial interactions between plants and rhizosphere fungi can enhance plant adaptability during drought stress. However, harnessing these interactions will require an in-depth understanding of the response of fungal community assembly to drought. Herein, by using different varieties of wheat plants, we analyzed the drought-induced changes in fungal community assembly in rhizosphere and bulk soil. We demonstrated that drought significantly altered the fungal communities, with the contribution of species richness to community beta diversity increased in both rhizosphere and bulk soil compartments during drought stress. The stochastic processes dominated fungal community assembly, but the relative importance of deterministic processes, mainly homogeneous selection, increased in the drought-stressed rhizosphere. Drought induced an increase in the relative abundance of generalists in the rhizosphere, as opposed to specialists, and the top 10 abundant taxa that enriched under drought conditions were predominantly generalists. Notably, the most abundant drought-enriched taxon in rhizosphere was a generalist, and the corresponding Chaetomium strain was found capable of improving root length and activating ABA signaling in wheat plants through culture-based experiment. Together, these findings provide evidence that host plants exert a strong influence on rhizospheric fungal community assembly during stress and suggest the fungal communities that have experienced drought have the potential to confer fitness advantages to the host plants. IMPORTANCE We have presented a framework to integrate the shifts in community assembly processes with plant-soil feedback during drought stress. We found that environmental filtering and host plant selection exert influence on the rhizospheric fungal community assembly, and the re-assembled community has great potential to alleviate plant drought stress. Our study proposes that future research should incorporate ecology with plant, microbiome, and molecular approaches to effectively harness the rhizospheric microbiome for enhancing the resilience of crop production to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuo Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land, Beijing, China
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province/Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province/Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Shan Zhuang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhe Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jieyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of human intestinal microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land, Beijing, China
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Tounsi S, Giorgi D, Kuzmanović L, Jrad O, Farina A, Capoccioni A, Ben Ayed R, Brini F, Ceoloni C. Coping with salinity stress: segmental group 7 chromosome introgressions from halophytic Thinopyrum species greatly enhance tolerance of recipient durum wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1378186. [PMID: 38766466 PMCID: PMC11099908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1378186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Increased soil salinization, tightly related to global warming and drought and exacerbated by intensified irrigation supply, implies highly detrimental effects on staple food crops such as wheat. The situation is particularly alarming for durum wheat (DW), better adapted to arid/semi-arid environments yet more sensitive to salt stress than bread wheat (BW). To enhance DW salinity tolerance, we resorted to chromosomally engineered materials with introgressions from allied halophytic Thinopyrum species. "Primary" recombinant lines (RLs), having portions of their 7AL arms distally replaced by 7el1L Th. ponticum segments, and "secondary" RLs, harboring Th. elongatum 7EL insertions "nested" into 7el1L segments, in addition to near-isogenic lines lacking any alien segment (CLs), cv. Om Rabia (OR) as salt tolerant control, and BW introgression lines with either most of 7el1 or the complete 7E chromosome substitution as additional CLs, were subjected to moderate (100 mM) and intense (200 mM) salt (NaCl) stress at early growth stages. The applied stress altered cell cycle progression, determining a general increase of cells in G1 and a reduction in S phase. Assessment of morpho-physiological and biochemical traits overall showed that the presence of Thinopyrum spp. segments was associated with considerably increased salinity tolerance versus its absence. For relative water content, Na+ accumulation and K+ retention in roots and leaves, oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide) and antioxidant enzyme activities, the observed differences between stressed and unstressed RLs versus CLs was of similar magnitude in "primary" and "secondary" types, suggesting that tolerance factors might reside in defined 7el1L shared portion(s). Nonetheless, the incremental contribution of 7EL segments emerged in various instances, greatly mitigating the effects of salt stress on root and leaf growth and on the quantity of photosynthetic pigments, boosting accumulation of compatible solutes and minimizing the decrease of a powerful antioxidant like ascorbate. The seemingly synergistic effect of 7el1L + 7EL segments/genes made "secondary" RLs able to often exceed cv. OR and equal or better perform than BW lines. Thus, transfer of a suite of genes from halophytic germplasm by use of fine chromosome engineering strategies may well be the way forward to enhance salinity tolerance of glycophytes, even the sensitive DW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Tounsi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Debora Giorgi
- ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Department for Sustainability, Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Ljiljana Kuzmanović
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Olfa Jrad
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Anna Farina
- ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Department for Sustainability, Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Capoccioni
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Rayda Ben Ayed
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Carla Ceoloni
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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3
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Mubushar M, El-Hendawy S, Dewir YH, Al-Suhaibani N. Ability of Different Growth Indicators to Detect Salt Tolerance of Advanced Spring Wheat Lines Grown in Real Field Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:882. [PMID: 38592884 PMCID: PMC10974046 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth indicators (GIs) are important for evaluating how different genotypes respond to normal and stress conditions separately. They consider both the morphological and physiological components of plants between two successive growth stages. Despite their significance, GIs are not commonly used as screening criteria for detecting salt tolerance of genotypes. In this study, 36 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) along with four genotypes differing in their salt tolerance were grown under normal and 150 mM NaCl in a two-year field trial. The performance and salt tolerance of these germplasms were assessed through various GIs. The analysis of variance showed highly significant variation between salinity levels, genotypes, and their interaction for all GIs and other traits in each year and combined data for two years, with a few exceptions. All traits and GIs were significantly reduced by salinity stress, except for relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and specific leaf weight (SLW), which increased under salinity conditions. Traits and GIs were more correlated with each other under salinity than under normal conditions. Principal component analysis organized traits and GIs into three main groups under both conditions, with RGR, NAR, and specific leaf area (SLA) closely associated with grain yield (GY) and harvest index, while leaf area duration (LAD) was closely associated with green leaf area (GLA), plant dry weight (PDW), and leaf area index (LAI). A hierarchical clustering heatmap based on GIs and traits organized germplasms into three and four groups under normal and salinity conditions, respectively. Based on the values of traits and GIs for each group, the germplasms varied from high- to low-performing groups under normal conditions and from salt-tolerant to salt-sensitive groups under salinity conditions. RGR, NAR, and LAD were important factors determining genotypic variation in GY of high- and low-performing groups, while all GIs, except leaf area duration (LAR), were major factors describing genotypic variation in GY of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive groups. In conclusion, different GIs that reveal the relationship between the morphological and physiological components of genotypes could serve as valuable selection criteria for evaluating the performance of genotypes under normal conditions and their salt tolerance under salinity stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salah El-Hendawy
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Lin Y, Zhou S, Yang W, Han B, Liang X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Han H, Guo B, Liu W, Yang X, Li X, Li L. Chromosomal mapping of a major genetic locus from Agropyron cristatum chromosome 6P that influences grain number and spikelet number in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:82. [PMID: 38489037 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A novel locus on Agropyron cristatum chromosome 6P that increases grain number and spikelet number was identified in wheat-A. cristatum derivatives and across 3 years. Agropyron cristatum (2n = 4x = 28, PPPP), which has the characteristics of high yield with multiple flowers and spikelets, is a promising gene donor for wheat high-yield improvement. Identifying the genetic loci and genes that regulate yield could elucidate the genetic variations in yield-related traits and provide novel gene sources and insights for high-yield wheat breeding. In this study, cytological analysis and molecular marker analysis revealed that del10a and del31a were wheat-A. cristatum chromosome 6P deletion lines. Notably, del10a carried a segment of the full 6PS and 6PL bin (1-13), while del31a carried a segment of the full 6PS and 6PL bin (1-8). The agronomic characterization and genetic population analysis confirmed that the 6PL bin (9-13) brought about an increase in grain number per spike (average increase of 10.43 grains) and spikelet number per spike (average increase of 3.67) over the three growing seasons. Furthermore, through resequencing, a multiple grain number locus was mapped to the physical interval of 593.03-713.89 Mb on chromosome 6P of A. cristatum Z559. The RNA-seq analysis revealed the expression of 537 genes in the del10a young spike tissue, with the annotation indicating that 16 of these genes were associated with grain number and spikelet number. Finally, a total of ten A. cristatum-specific molecular markers were developed for this interval. In summary, this study presents novel genetic material that is useful for high-yield wheat breeding initiatives to meet the challenge of global food security through enhanced agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuezhong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haiming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Baojin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICS-CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Alenazi MM, El-Ebidy AM, El-shehaby OA, Seleiman MF, Aldhuwaib KJ, Abdel-Aziz HMM. Chitosan and Chitosan Nanoparticles Differentially Alleviate Salinity Stress in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:398. [PMID: 38337931 PMCID: PMC10857083 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress can significantly cause negative impacts on the physiological and biochemical traits of plants and, consequently, a reduction in the yield productivity of crops. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan (Cs) and chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs) to mitigate salinity stress (i.e., 25, 50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) and improve pigment fractions, carbohydrates content, ions content, proline, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage content, and the antioxidant system of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown in clay-sandy soil. Methacrylic acid was used to synthesize CsNPs, with an average size of 40 ± 2 nm. Salinity stress negatively affected yield traits, pigment fractions, and carbohydrate content. However, in plants grown under salt stress, the application of either Cs or CsNPs significantly improved yield, pigment fractions, carbohydrate content, proline, and the antioxidant system, while these treatments reduced hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage. The positive effects of CsNPs were shown to be more beneficial than Cs when applied exogenously to plants grown under salt stress. In this context, it could be concluded that CsNPs could be used to mitigate salt stress effects on Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants grown in saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekhled M. Alenazi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aya M. El-Ebidy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Omar A. El-shehaby
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud F. Seleiman
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Guo J, Yin J, Hu H, Zhang T, Ye Z, Yang J, Liu H, Chen J, Liu J. Molecular characterization of a novel benyvirus infecting wheat in China. Arch Virol 2023; 168:284. [PMID: 37930401 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel positive single-stranded RNA (+ ssRNA) virus named wheat yellow stripe associated virus (WYSAV) was identified in wheat plants in China. Molecular characterization revealed that the complete genome of WYSAV is divided into two segments, RNA1 and RNA2, which are 6,460 and 4,935 nucleotides (nt) in length, excluding their respective poly(A) tails. RNA1 contains one large opening reading frame (ORF), encoding a replication-associated protein. RNA2 contains six ORFs, encoding a coat protein (CP), a coat protein readthrough domain protein (CP-RTD), triple gene block protein 1 (TGB1), triple gene block protein 2 (TGB2), triple gene block protein 3 (TGB3), and a cysteine-rich protein (CRP). Phylogenetic analysis showed that WYSAV is related to members of the genus Benyvirus in the family Benyviridae. Thus, WYSAV is proposed to be a new member of the genus Benyvirus. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important food crops and ranked third in the world in terms of production, only behind rice and maize [1]. During its growth cycle, wheat faces several biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat soil-borne virus disease is an important disease that is difficult to control and causes severe yield loss in China each year [2]. The main pathogens causing wheat soil-borne virus disease are Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), and their transmission vector is Polymyxa graminis [3-5]. Members of the viral family Benyviridae usually have two to five genomic RNA segments and are transmitted by root-infecting vectors belonging to the family "Plasmodiophoridae". Although few members of the family Benyviridae, of which beet necrotic yellow vein virus is the type member, have been identified [6], several recently identified viruses have been found to be phylogenetically related to benyviruses but are not classified as members of the family Benyviridae. These "unclassified benyviruses" include red clover RNA virus 1, Arceuthobium sichuanense virus 3, Dactylorhiza hatagirea beny-like virus, goji berry chlorosis virus [7], Guiyang benyvirus 1, Guiyang benyvirus 2, Mangifera indica latent virus [8], Rhizoctonia solani beny-like virus 1 [9], Sanya benyvirus 1 [10], and Sclerotium rolfsii beny-like virus 1 [11].In this study, we identified a novel + ssRNA virus in symptomatic leaf samples collected from cultivated wheat in the city of Zhumadian, Henan Province, China. We propose to name this virus "wheat yellow stripe associated virus" (WYSAV), and we have deposited its full-length sequence in the GenBank database under the accession numbers OQ547804 (RNA1) and OQ547805 (RNA2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jingliang Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Haichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zhuangxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Hanhong Liu
- Junan County Bureau of Agriculture and Country, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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7
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Rigi Karvandri A, Mehraban A, Ganjali HR, Miri KH, Mobasser HR. The biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. affected by irrigation water amount and quality. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6903-6913. [PMID: 37145240 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Water deficiency, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas, necessitates the proper water use and recycling. The objective was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation as well as treated wastewater on the biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L., grown in the arid area of Iranshahr, Iran. A split-split plot design on the basis of a complete randomized block design with three replicates was conducted in 2017. Irrigation water treatments of (I1 = 100% of field capacity, FC), 75% of FC (I2), and 50% of FC (I3) as main plots, reduced (S1), and partial irrigation (S2), as sub-plots, and well water (Q1), treated wastewater (Q2), and the combination of Q1 and Q2 (Q3, 50% + 50%), as sub-sub plots, were tested. Plant biochemical properties including proline (Pr), soluble sugars (SS), and essential oil volume (V) and yield (Y) as well as water use efficiency (WUE) were determined. The I2, treatment, compared with I1, increased Pr, SS, V, Y and WUE by 34.4, 31.9, 52.6, 34.3, and 48.1%, respectively. The S2 treatment also increased plant biochemical properties more than 45% related to S1, and Q2 significantly enhanced the measured parameters compared with Q1 and Q3. Treated wastewater improved the essential oil yield of the plant in water deficit conditions. Accordingly, under deficit water conditions, treatment I2S2, and in the case of unfavorable water sources and deficit water conditions, treatment I2Q2 are recommendable to alleviate water stress and improve the biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in the arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rigi Karvandri
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - A Mehraban
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - H R Ganjali
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - K H Miri
- Balochistan Agriculture Research Center, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - H R Mobasser
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
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Ibrahim E, Nasser R, Hafeez R, Ogunyemi SO, Abdallah Y, Khattak AA, Shou L, Zhang Y, Ahmed T, Atef Hatamleh A, Abdullah Al-Dosary M, M Ali H, Luo J, Li B. Biocontrol Efficacy of Endophyte Pseudomonas poae to Alleviate Fusarium Seedling Blight by Refining the Morpho-Physiological Attributes of Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2277. [PMID: 37375902 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Some endophyte bacteria can improve plant growth and suppress plant diseases. However, little is known about the potential of endophytes bacteria to promote wheat growth and suppress the Fusarium seedling blight pathogen Fusarium graminearum. This study was conducted to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria and evaluate their efficacy for the plant growth promotion and disease suppression of Fusarium seedling blight (FSB) in wheat. The Pseudomonas poae strain CO showed strong antifungal activity in vitro and under greenhouse conditions against F. graminearum strain PH-1. The cell-free supernatants (CFSs) of P. poae strain CO were able to inhibit the mycelium growth, the number of colonies forming, spore germination, germ tube length, and the mycotoxin production of FSB with an inhibition rate of 87.00, 62.25, 51.33, 69.29, and 71.08%, respectively, with the highest concentration of CFSs. The results indicated that P. poae exhibited multifarious antifungal properties, such as the production of hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores, and lipopeptides. In addition, compared to untreated seeds, wheat plants treated with the strain showed significant growth rates, where root and shoot length increased by about 33% and the weight of fresh roots, fresh shoots, dry roots, and dry shoots by 50%. In addition, the strain produced high levels of indole-3-acetic acid, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Finally, the strain demonstrated strong antagonistic properties as well as a variety of plant growth-promoting properties. Thus, this result suggest that this strain could be used as an alternate to synthetic chemicals, which can serve as an effective method of protecting wheat from fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzeldin Ibrahim
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Vegetable Diseases Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza 12916, Egypt
| | - Raghda Nasser
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Elminya 61519, Egypt
| | - Rahila Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Solabomi Olaitan Ogunyemi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yasmine Abdallah
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Arif Ali Khattak
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linfei Shou
- Station for the Plant Protection & Quarantine and Control of Agrochemicals Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310004, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah Abdullah Al-Dosary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinyan Luo
- Department of Plant Quarantine, Shanghai Extension and Service Center of Agriculture Technology, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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9
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Omar AA, Heikal YM, Zayed EM, Shamseldin SAM, Salama YE, Amer KE, Basuoni MM, Abd Ellatif S, Mohamed AH. Conferring of Drought and Heat Stress Tolerance in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes and Their Response to Selenium Nanoparticles Application. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:998. [PMID: 36985894 PMCID: PMC10051906 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs, 10 mg·L-1) has been investigated in modulating the negative effects of drought and heat stresses on eight bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotype seedlings. Those genotypes included Giza-168, Giza-171, Misr-1, Misr-3, Shandweel-1, Sids-1, Sids-12, and Sids-14. The study included six treatments as follows: regular irrigation with 100% Field Capacity (FC) at a temperature of 23 ± 3 °C (T1), drought stress with 60% FC (T2), heat stress of 38 °C for 5 h·day-1 (T3), foliar spray of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs only (T4), a combination of drought stress with foliar spray of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs (T5), and heat stress with foliar spray of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs (T6). The experiment continued for 31 days. Foliar application of SeNPs improved the plant growth, morpho-physiological and biochemical responses, and expression of stress-responsive genes in wheat (T. aestivum L.) seedlings. Overall, morpho-physiological traits such as plant height (PH), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root fresh weight (RFW), and root dry weight (RDW) of wheat genotypes grown under different conditions ranged from 25.37-51.51 cm, 3.29-5.15 g, 0.50-1.97 g, 0.72-4.21 g, and 0.11-1.23 g, respectively. From the morpho-physiological perspective, drought stress had a greater detrimental impact on wheat plants than heat stress, whereas heat stress significantly impacted the expression of stress-responsive genes. Stress responses to drought and heat varied between wheat genotypes, suggesting that different genotypes are more resilient to stress. Exogenous spraying of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs improved the photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic rate, gas exchange, and transpiration rate of wheat plants and enhanced drought and heat tolerance by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the expression level of stress-responsive genes. Our results showed that spraying wheat seedlings with 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs enhanced SOD activity for all genotypes as compared to the control, with the Sids-12 genotype having the highest value (196.43 U·mg-1 FW·min-1) and the Giza-168 genotype having the lowest (152.30 U·mg-1 FW·min-1). The expression of PIP1, LEA-1, HSP70, and HSP90 stress-responsive genes was more significant in tolerant genotypes (Giza-171 and Giza-168) than in sensitive ones (Misr-1 and Misr-3) in response to drought and heat stresses. Under stress conditions, the shoot and root fresh weights, photosynthetic pigment content, stomatal conductance (SC), and transpiration rate (TR) were positively correlated with plant height (PH), while root and shoot dry weights, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and APX were negatively correlated. Multivariate analysis and biplot results revealed that genotypes Giza-168, Giza-171, Sids-12, and Sids-14 performed well in both stress situations and were classified as stress-tolerant genotypes. These best genotypes may be employed in future breeding projects as tools to face climate change. This study concluded that various physio-biochemicals and gene expression attributes under drought and heat stress could be modulated by foliar application of SeNPs in wheat genotypes, potentially alleviating the adverse effects of drought and heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A. Omar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Yasmin M. Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ehab M. Zayed
- Cell Study Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Sahar A. M. Shamseldin
- Botany Department, Women’s College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Yossry E. Salama
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Khaled E. Amer
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Basuoni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Abd Ellatif
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg El-Arab 21934, Egypt
| | - Azza H. Mohamed
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 33516, Egypt
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10
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Maksoud SA, Gad KI, Hamed EYM. The potentiality of biostimulant (Lawsonia inermis L.) on some morpho-physiological, biochemical traits, productivity and grain quality of Triticum aestivum L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:95. [PMID: 36782121 PMCID: PMC9926747 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In conformity with the international trend to substitute the artificial agro-chemicals by natural products to improve growth and productivity of crops, there is a necessity to focus on the environment sustainable and eco-friendly resources to increase crops productivity per unit area. One of these resources is the use of biostimulants. The aim of this study is to allow the vertical expansion of wheat crop by improving its growth and productivity per unit area as well as enhancing its grain quality using henna leaf extract as a biostimulant. RESULTS Field study was conducted to evaluate the potentiality of different doses of henna leaf extract (HLE) for improving the performance of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) at three development stages. Results revealed that the response was dose dependent hence both 0.5 and 1.0 g/L doses significantly enhanced the growth of shoot and root systems, biochemical traits, yield and yield related components with being 1.0 g/L the most effective one. Furthermore, 1.0 g/L HLE markedly enhanced the quality of the yielded grains as revealed by increasing the content of soluble sugars (23%), starch (19%), gluten (50%), soluble proteins (37%), amylase activity (27%), total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins (67, 87 and 23%, respectively) as well as some elements including Ca (184%), Na and Fe (10%). Also, HPLC analysis of grains revealed that 1.0 g/L dose significantly increased the level of different phytohormones, soluble sugars and flavonoids (quercetin, resveratrol and catechin). CONCLUSION Application of Henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaf extract at 1.0 g/L dose as a combination of seed priming and foliar spray can be recommended as a nonpolluting, inexpensive promising biostimulant, it can effectively enhance wheat growth, biochemical traits and productivity as well as improving the quality of the yielded grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa A Maksoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Khaled I Gad
- Wheat Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Y M Hamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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11
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Disomic Substitution of 3D Chromosome with Its Homoeologue 3E in Tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum Enhances Wheat Seedlings Tolerance to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021609. [PMID: 36675124 PMCID: PMC9863149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The halophytic wild relatives within Triticeae might provide valuable sources of salt tolerance for wheat breeding, and attempts to use these sources of tolerance have been made for improving salt tolerance in wheat by distant hybridization. A novel wheat substitution line of K17-1078-3 was developed using common wheat varieties of Chuannong16 (CN16), Zhengmai9023 (ZM9023), and partial amphidiploid Trititrigia8801 (8801) as parents, and identified as the 3E(3D) substitution line. The substitution line was compared with their parents for salt tolerance in hydroponic culture to assess their growth. The results showed that less Na+ accumulation and lower Na+/K+ ratio in both shoots and roots were achieved in K17-1078-3 under salinity compared to its wheat parents. The root growth and development of K17-1078-3 was less responsive to salinity. When exposed to high salt treatment, K17-1078-3 had a higher photosynthesis rate, more efficient water use efficiency, and greater antioxidant capacity and stronger osmotic adjustment ability than its wheat parents. In conclusion, a variety of physiological responses and root system adaptations were involved in enhancing salt tolerance in K17-1078-3, which indicated that chromosome 3E possessed the salt tolerance locus. It is possible to increase substantially the salt tolerance of wheat by the introduction of chromosome 3E into wheat genetic background.
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12
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Yang G, Pan W, Cao R, Guo Q, Cheng Y, Zhao Q, Cui L, Nie X. Multi-omics reveals the key and specific miRNA-mRNA modules underlying salt tolerance in wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides L.). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:724. [PMID: 36284277 PMCID: PMC9597961 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salt stress is one of the most destructive environmental factors limiting crop growth and development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of conserved endogenous small non-coding RNAs, playing the crucial role in regulating salt response and tolerance in plants. However, the miRNAs in wild emmer wheat, especially the key and specific salt-responsive miRNAs are not well studied. Results Here, we performed small RNA, transcriptome, and degradome sequencing of both of salt-tolerance (ST) and salt-sensitive (SS) wild emmer genotypes to identify the miRNA-mRNA modules associating with salt tolerance. Totally, 775 miRNAs, including 361 conserved known miRNAs and 414 novel miRNAs were detected. Differential expression analysis identified 93 salt-responsive miRNAs under salt stress. Combined with RNA-seq and degradome sequencing analysis, 224 miRNA-mRNA modules displayed the complete opposite expression trends between ST and SS genotypes, most of which functionally enriched into ROS homeostasis maintaining, osmotic pressure modulating, and root growth and development. Finally, the qRT-PCR and a large-scale yeast functional screening were also performed to initially validate the expression pattern and function of candidate genes. Conclusions This study reported the key and specific miRNA-mRNA modules associated with salt tolerance in wild emmer, which lay the foundation for improving the salt tolerance in cultivated emmer and bread wheat through miRNA engineering approach. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08945-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Wenqiu Pan
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Rui Cao
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Qifan Guo
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yue Cheng
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Qinlong Zhao
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Licao Cui
- grid.411859.00000 0004 1808 3238College of Biological Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 Jiangxi China
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
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Improved Salinity Tolerance-Associated Variables Observed in EMS Mutagenized Wheat Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911386. [PMID: 36232687 PMCID: PMC9570438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity tolerance-associated phenotypes of 35 EMS mutagenized wheat lines originating from BARI Gom-25 were compared. Vegetative growth was measured using non-destructive image-based phenotyping. Five different NaCl concentrations (0 to 160 mM) were applied to plants 19 days after planting (DAP 19), and plants were imaged daily until DAP 38. Plant growth, water use, leaf Na+, K+ and Cl− content, and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were measured, and six lines were selected for further analysis. In saline conditions, leaf Na+, K+, and Cl− content variation on a dry weight basis within these six lines were ~9.3, 1.4, and 2.4-fold, respectively. Relative to BARI Gom-25, two (OA6, OA62) lines had greater K+ accumulation, three (OA6, OA10, OA62) had 50–75% lower Na+:K+ ratios, and OA62 had ~30% greater water-use index (WUI). OA23 had ~2.2-fold greater leaf Na+ and maintained TKW relative to BARI Gom-25. Two lines (OA25, OA52) had greater TKW than BARI Gom-25 when grown in 120 mM NaCl but similar Na+:K+, WUI, and biomass accumulation. OA6 had relatively high TKW, high leaf K+, and WUI, and low leaf Na+ and Cl−. Phenotypic variation revealed differing associations between the parameters measured in the lines. Future identification of the genetic basis of these differences, and crossing of lines with phenotypes of interest, is expected to enable the assessment of which combinations of parameters deliver the greatest improvement in salinity tolerance.
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14
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Yang G, Deng P, Guo Q, Shi T, Pan W, Cui L, Liu X, Nie X. Population transcriptomic analysis identifies the comprehensive lncRNAs landscape of spike in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:450. [PMID: 36127641 PMCID: PMC9490906 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03828-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as the important regulators involving in growth and development as well as stress response in plants. However, current lncRNA studies were mainly performed at the individual level and the significance of it is not well understood in wheat. RESULTS In this study, the lncRNA landscape of wheat spike was characterized through analysing a total of 186 spike RNA-seq datasets from 93 wheat genotypes. A total of 35,913 lncRNAs as well as 1,619 lncRNA-mRNA pairs comprised of 443 lncRNAs and 464 mRNAs were obtained. Compared to coding genes, these lncRNAs displayed rather low conservation among wheat and other gramineous species. Based on re-sequencing data, the genetic variations of these lncRNA were investigated and obvious genetic bottleneck were found on them during wheat domestication process. Furthermore, 122 lncRNAs were found to act as ceRNA to regulate endogenous competition. Finally, association and co-localization analysis of the candidate lncRNA-mRNA pairs identified 170 lncRNAs and 167 target mRNAs significantly associated with spike-related traits, including lncRNA.127690.1/TraesCS2A02G518500.1 (PMEI) and lncRNA.104854.1/TraesCS6A02G050300.1 (ATG5) associated with heading date and spike length, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study reported the lncRNA landscape of wheat spike through the population transcriptome analysis, which not only contribute to better understand the wheat evolution from the perspective of lncRNA, but also lay the foundation for revealing roles of lncRNA playing in spike development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pingchuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qifan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingrui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqiu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Licao Cui
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) yield and nutritional quality affected by drought stress. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Shahid M, Zeyad MT, Syed A, Singh UB, Mohamed A, Bahkali AH, Elgorban AM, Pichtel J. Stress-Tolerant Endophytic Isolate Priestia aryabhattai BPR-9 Modulates Physio-Biochemical Mechanisms in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) for Enhanced Salt Tolerance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710883. [PMID: 36078599 PMCID: PMC9518148 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In efforts to improve plant productivity and enhance defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses, endophytic bacteria have been used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In the current study, 25 endophytic microbes recovered from plant organs of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) were assessed for biotic (phyto-fungal pathogens) and abiotic (salinity, drought, and heavy metal) stress tolerance. Among the recovered isolates, BPR-9 tolerated maximum salinity (18% NaCl), drought (15% PEG-6000), and heavy metals (µg mL-1): Cd (1200), Cr (1000), Cu (1000), Pb (800), and Hg (30). Based on phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S rDNA gene sequencing, endophytic isolate BPR-9 was recognized as Priestia aryabhattai (accession no. OM743254.1). This isolate was revealed as a powerful multi-stress-tolerant crop growth promoter after extensive in-vitro testing for plant growth-promoting attributes, nutrient (phosphate, P; potassium, K; and zinc, Zn) solubilization efficiency, extracellular enzyme (protease, cellulase, amylase, lipase, and pectinase) synthesis, and potential for antagonistic activity against important fungal pathogens viz. Alternaria solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Ustilaginoidea virens. At elevated salt levels, increases were noted in indole-3-acetic acid; siderophores; P, K, and Zn-solubilization; ACC deaminase; and ammonia synthesized by Priestia aryabhattai. Additionally, under in-vitro plant bioassays, wheat seedlings inoculated with P. aryabhattai experienced superior growth compared to non-inoculated seedlings in high salinity (0-15% NaCl) environment. Under NaCl stress, germination rate, plant length, vigor indices, and leaf pigments of wheat seedlings significantly increased following P. aryabhattai inoculation. Furthermore, at 2%-NaCl, B. aryabhattai greatly and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased relative leaf water content, membrane damage, and electrolyte leakage compared with the non-inoculated control. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity increased by 29, 32, and 21%, respectively, in wheat seedlings exposed to 2% NaCl and inoculated with the bacteria. The present findings demonstrate that endophytic P. aryabhattai strains might be used in the future as a multi-stress reducer and crop growth promoter in agronomically important crops including cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahid
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau 275103, India
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Tarique Zeyad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau 275103, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Udai B. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau 275103, India
| | - Abdullah Mohamed
- Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Pichtel
- Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
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Chen H, Liu Y, Zhang J, Chen Y, Dai C, Tian R, Liu T, Chen M, Yang G, Wang Z, Li H, Cao X, Gao X. Amino acid transporter gene TaATLa1 from Triticum aestivum L. improves growth under nitrogen sufficiency and is down regulated under nitrogen deficiency. PLANTA 2022; 256:65. [PMID: 36036331 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
TaATLa1 was identified to respond to nitrogen deprivation through transcriptome analysis of wheat seedlings. TaATLa1 specifically transports Gln, Glu, and Asp, and affects the biomass of Arabidopsis and wheat. Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient and plays a crucial role in wheat production. Amino acids, the major form of organic nitrogen, are remobilized by amino acid transporters (AATs) in plants. AATs are commonly described as central components of essential developmental processes and yield formation via taking up and transporting amino acids in plants. However, few studies have reported the detailed biochemical properties and biological functions of these AATs in wheat. In this study, key genes encoding AATs were screened from transcriptome analysis of wheat seedlings treated with normal nitrogen (NN) and nitrogen deprivation (ND). Among them, 21 AATs were down-regulated and eight AATs were up-regulated under ND treatment. Among the homoeologs, TaATLa1.1-3A, TaATLa1.1-3B, and TaATLa1.1-3D (TaATLa1.1-3A, -3B, and -3D), belonging to amino acid transporter-like a (ATLa) subfamily, were significantly down-regulated in response to ND in wheat, and accordingly were selected for functional analyses. The results demonstrated that TaATLa1.1-3A, -3B, and -3D effectively transported glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (Asp) in yeast. Overexpression of TaAILa1.1-3A, -3B, and -3D in Arabidopsis thaliana L. significantly increased amino acid content in leaves, storage protein content in seeds and the plant biomass under NN. Knockdown of TaATLa1.1-3A, -3B, and -3D in wheat seedlings resulted in a significant block of amino acid remobilization and growth inhibition. Taken together, TaATLa1.1-3A, -3B, and -3D contribute substantially to Arabidopsis and wheat growth. We propose that TaATLa1.1-3A, -3B, and -3D may participate in the source-sink translocation of amino acid, and they may have profound implications for wheat yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiazhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cuican Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Renmei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingxun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyou Cao
- Crop Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat & Maize, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Crop Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat & Maize, Jinan, 250100, China.
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18
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Najafi J, Palmgren M. Hexose transport reverts the growth penalty of mlo resistance. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:739-741. [PMID: 35469738 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Mildew Resistance Locus O (MLO) promotes both symbiosis and biotrophic interactions with fungi. MLO disruption results in powdery mildew resistance but is associated with growth defects. New research by Li et al. demonstrates that they can be rescued by ectopic activation of a vacuolar hexose transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Najafi
- NovoCrops Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Michael Palmgren
- NovoCrops Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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19
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of RNA/DNA Differences Associated with Fusarium graminearum Infection in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147982. [PMID: 35887327 PMCID: PMC9316857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA/DNA difference (RDD) is a post-transcriptional modification playing a crucial role in regulating diverse biological processes in eukaryotes. Although it has been extensively studied in plant chloroplast and mitochondria genomes, RDDs in plant nuclear genomes are not well studied at present. Here, we investigated the RDDs associated with fusarium head blight (FHB) through a novel method by comparing the RNA-seq data between Fusarium-infected and control samples of four wheat genotypes. A total of 187 high-confidence unique RDDs in 36 genes were identified, representing the first landscape of the FHB-responsive RDD in wheat. The majority (26) of these 36 RDD genes were correlated either positively or negatively with FHB levels. Effects of these RDDs on RNA and protein sequences have been identified, their editing frequency and the expression level of the corresponding genes provided, and the prediction of the effect on the minimum folding free energy of mRNA, miRNA binding, and colocation of RDDs with conserved domains presented. RDDs were predicted to induce modifications in the mRNA and protein structures of the corresponding genes. In two genes, TraesCS1B02G294300 and TraesCS3A02G263900, editing was predicted to enhance their affinity with tae-miR9661-5p and tae-miR9664-3p, respectively. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of the association between RDD and FHB in wheat; this will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular basis underlying FHB resistance, and potentially lead to novel strategies to improve wheat FHB resistance through epigenetic methods.
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20
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Yue Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zheng L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Hu C, Chen C, Ma K, Sun Z. Halotolerant Bacillus altitudinis WR10 improves salt tolerance in wheat via a multi-level mechanism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:941388. [PMID: 35909740 PMCID: PMC9330482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.941388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an important abiotic stress factor that seriously affects the crop growth and yield. Use of plant-derived microorganisms is a promising strategy to alleviate salt stress. In a previous study, the endophytic strain Bacillus altitudinis WR10 isolated from wheat roots showed high salt resistance. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of WR10 in improving the salt tolerance of wheat and its potential mechanisms using a hydroponic test. Under salt stress, WR10 inoculation significantly increased the lengths and dry weights of the roots and shoots, indicating that WR10 improves wheat salt tolerance at the seedling stage. WR10 inoculation significantly reduced Na+ accumulation and enhanced K+, P, and Ca2+ uptake in salt-stressed plants, which can be attributed to the upregulated gene expression of H+-ATPase as well as the P-solubilizing and biofilm-producing characteristics of WR10. At the transcriptional level, L-ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione (GSH) synthetase related to GSH biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes (CYP73A, 4CL, and CAD) were significantly upregulated, whereas those of GSH metabolism genes (glutathione S-transferase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase) were significantly downregulated in WR10-applied wheat roots under salt stress. These changes increased the APX activity and GSH levels and resulted in a decrease in hydrogen peroxide levels. Additionally, a decrease in proline content was observed in WR10-inoculated plants under salt stress because of WR10-induced upregulation of proline dehydrogenase gene expression. These results provide supporting evidence that WR10 improves wheat salt tolerance via more than one mechanism and open a window of opportunity for WR10 application in salinized soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghao Yue
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yanjuan Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Qiaoyang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yongchuang Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Can Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Keshi Ma
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Zhongke Sun
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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21
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Methionine Promotes the Growth and Yield of Wheat under Water Deficit Conditions by Regulating the Antioxidant Enzymes, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ions. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12070969. [PMID: 35888059 PMCID: PMC9318804 DOI: 10.3390/life12070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The individual application of pure and active compounds such as methionine may help to address water scarcity issues without compromising the yield of wheat. As organic plant growth stimulants, amino acids are popularly used to promote the productivity of crops. However, the influence of the exogenous application of methionine in wheat remains elusive. The present investigation was planned in order to understand the impact of methionine in wheat under drought stress. Two wheat genotypes were allowed to grow with 100% field capacity (FC) up to the three-leaf stage. Twenty-five-day-old seedlings of two wheat genotypes, Galaxy-13 and Johar-16, were subjected to 40% FC, denoted as water deficit-stress (D), along with 100% FC, called control (C), with and without L-methionine (Met; 4 mM) foliar treatment. Water deficit significantly reduced shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weights, seed yield, photosynthetic, gas exchange attributes except for transpiration rate (E), and shoot mineral ions (potassium, calcium, and phosphorus) in both genotypes. A significant increase was recorded in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and sodium ions (Na+) due to water deficiency. However, foliar application of Met substantially improved the studied growth, photosynthetic, and gas exchange attributes with water deficit conditions in both genotypes. The activities of SOD, POD, and CAT were further enhanced under stress with Met application. Met improved potassium (K), calcium (Ca2+), and phosphorus (P) content. In a nutshell, the foliar application of Met effectively amended water deficit stress tolerance by reducing MDA and H2O2 content under water deficit conditions in wheat plants. Thus, we are able to deduce a positive association between Met-induced improved growth attributes and drought tolerance.
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22
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Ghasemzadeh N, Iranbakhsh A, Oraghi-Ardebili Z, Saadatmand S, Jahanbakhsh-Godehkahriz S. Cold plasma can alleviate cadmium stress by optimizing growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through changes in physio-biochemical properties and fatty acid profile. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35897-35907. [PMID: 35064506 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold plasma (CP) application has increasing interest due to its environmental-friendly, high efficient, and low cost aspects to mitigate deletion effects of heavy metals on plants. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the CP application on yield, physiological, and fatty acid profile of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replicates. Cadmium (Cd) was applied at four levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 μM), and CP were used on germinated seeds at three levels (0, 60, and 120 s) in a hydroponic system. The results showed CP alleviated the Cd accumulation in roots, shoots, and grains. The significant reduction of grain yield (GY) and thousand grain yield (TGY) was observed in plants exposed to 100 and 150 μM compared with the control plants; however, CP improved GY and TGY particularly at severe Cd stress. The minimum chlorophyll (Chl) and relative water content (RWC) were observed in plants exposed in 100 μM Cd and non-CP treatments. Proline increased by Cd stress but decreased with CP in most treatments. Unlike proline, methionine showed significant reduction under Cd stress. The fatty acid profile of wheat represented that severe Cd stress decreased monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) but increased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Heat map (HM) showed that GY and methionine were the most sensitive traits under treatments of Cd and CP. Totally, we suggest the use of 120 s of CP to mitigate Cd stress on wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Sara Saadatmand
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Gul SL, Moon YS, Hamayun M, Khan SA, Iqbal A, Khan MA, Hussain A, Shafique M, Kim YH, Ali S. Porostereum spadiceum-AGH786 Regulates the Growth and Metabolites Production in Triticum aestivum L. Under Salt Stress. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:159. [PMID: 35416548 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of the most fungal endophytes in the host plant growth and production of metabolites under stress conditions is still unknown. Fungal endophytes occur in almost all plants to benefit the host plants exposed to biotic and abiotic stress. In the present work, we investigated salt (NaCl) stress alleviation capability of a fungal endophyte (Porostereum spadiceum-AGH786). The culture filtrate (CF: 1.5 mL.) of P. spadiceum-AGH786 contained IAA (158 µg/ml), SA (29.3 µg/ml), proline (114.6 µg/ml), phenols (167.4 µg/ml), lipids (71.4 µg/ml), sugar (133.2 µg/ml), flavonoids (105.04 µg/ml). Smaller amounts of organic acids, such as butyric acid (5.8 µg/ml), formic acid (2.34 µg/ml), succinic acid (2.02 µg/ml), and quinic acid (2.25 µg/ml) were also found in CF of P. spadiceum-AGH786. Similarly, the CF displayed antioxidant activity in 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. Moreover, wheat plants colonized by P. spadiceum-AGH786 showed significantly (P = 0.05) higher polyphenol oxidases activity (2.2 mg/g DW) under normal conditions as compared to the NaCl-treated plants. We also observed that P. spadiceum-AGH786 improved biomass (0.30 g) of wheat plants subjected to 140 mM NaCl stress. The results conclude that the wheat plant colonization by P. spadiceum-AGH786 greatly improved the plant growth under 70 mM and 140 mM NaCl stress. Thus, the biomass of the P. Spadiceum-AGH786 can be used in saline soil to help the host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Leeda Gul
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yong-Sun Moon
- Department of Horticulture and Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Sumera Afzal Khan
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aaqil Khan
- School of Applied Biosciences College of Agriculture and Life-Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Anwar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Shafique
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Urdu University of Art Science & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yoon-Ha Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences College of Agriculture and Life-Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Deciphering the Host-Pathogen Interactome of the Wheat-Common Bunt System: A Step towards Enhanced Resilience in Next Generation Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052589. [PMID: 35269732 PMCID: PMC8910311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Common bunt, caused by two fungal species, Tilletia caries and Tilletia laevis, is one of the most potentially destructive diseases of wheat. Despite the availability of synthetic chemicals against the disease, organic agriculture relies greatly on resistant cultivars. Using two computational approaches—interolog and domain-based methods—a total of approximately 58 M and 56 M probable PPIs were predicted in T. aestivum–T. caries and T. aestivum–T. laevis interactomes, respectively. We also identified 648 and 575 effectors in the interactions from T. caries and T. laevis, respectively. The major host hubs belonged to the serine/threonine protein kinase, hsp70, and mitogen-activated protein kinase families, which are actively involved in plant immune signaling during stress conditions. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the host proteins revealed significant GO terms (O-methyltransferase activity, regulation of response to stimulus, and plastid envelope) and pathways (NF-kappa B signaling and the MAPK signaling pathway) related to plant defense against pathogens. Subcellular localization suggested that most of the pathogen proteins target the host in the plastid. Furthermore, a comparison between unique T. caries and T. laevis proteins was carried out. We also identified novel host candidates that are resistant to disease. Additionally, the host proteins that serve as transcription factors were also predicted.
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25
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Miransari M, Adham S, Miransari M, Miransari A. The physicochemical approaches of altering growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in saline soils. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1895-1904. [PMID: 35190845 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are important sources of biochemical compounds affecting human health. However, because large areas of the world are subjected to different stresses including salinity, it is important to find methods, which may control the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in such conditions. Another aspect of cropping medicinal plants in saline soils is the alteration of their biochemical properties by stress. Due to the significance of planting medicinal plants in saline soils, the objective of the present review article is to investigate and analyze the physicochemical approaches including soil leaching, organic fertilization, mineral nutrition, ozonated water, magnetism, superabsorbent polymers, and zeolite, which may control the effects of salinity stress on the growth and biochemical properties (production of secondary metabolites) of medicinal plants. In our just-published review article, we investigated the biological approaches, which may affect the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal properties in saline soils. Although salinity stress may induce the production of biochemical products in medicinal plants, the use of physicochemical approaches is also recommendable for the improved growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in saline soils. More has yet to be indicated on the use of the physicochemical approaches, which may affect the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in salt stress conditions. KEY POINTS: • Growth and physiological alteration of medicinal plants in salt stress conditions. • The physicochemical approaches of such alteration have been reviewed. • More has yet to be indicated on the approaches, which may affect such properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Miransari
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Adham
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdiar Miransari
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arshia Miransari
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Kataria R, Kaundal R. Deciphering the Crosstalk Mechanisms of Wheat-Stem Rust Pathosystem: Genome-Scale Prediction Unravels Novel Host Targets. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:895480. [PMID: 35800602 PMCID: PMC9253690 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Triticum aestivum (wheat), a major staple food grain, is affected by various biotic stresses. Among these, fungal diseases cause about 15-20% of yield loss, worldwide. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of protein-protein interactions between two Puccinia graminis races (Pgt 21-0 and Pgt Ug99) that cause stem (black) rust in wheat. The available molecular techniques to study the host-pathogen interaction mechanisms are expensive and labor-intensive. We implemented two computational approaches (interolog and domain-based) for the prediction of PPIs and performed various functional analysis to determine the significant differences between the two pathogen races. The analysis revealed that T. aestivum-Pgt 21-0 and T. aestivum-Pgt Ug99 interactomes consisted of ∼90M and ∼56M putative PPIs, respectively. In the predicted PPIs, we identified 115 Pgt 21-0 and 34 Pgt Ug99 potential effectors that were highly involved in pathogen virulence and development. Functional enrichment analysis of the host proteins revealed significant GO terms and KEGG pathways such as O-methyltransferase activity (GO:0008171), regulation of signal transduction (GO:0009966), lignin metabolic process (GO:0009808), plastid envelope (GO:0009526), plant-pathogen interaction pathway (ko04626), and MAPK pathway (ko04016) that are actively involved in plant defense and immune signaling against the biotic stresses. Subcellular localization analysis anticipated the host plastid as a primary target for pathogen attack. The highly connected host hubs in the protein interaction network belonged to protein kinase domain including Ser/Thr protein kinase, MAPK, and cyclin-dependent kinase. We also identified 5,577 transcription factors in the interactions, associated with plant defense during biotic stress conditions. Additionally, novel host targets that are resistant to stem rust disease were also identified. The present study elucidates the functional differences between Pgt 21-0 and Pgt Ug99, thus providing the researchers with strain-specific information for further experimental validation of the interactions, and the development of durable, disease-resistant crop lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Kataria
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- Bioinformatics Facility, Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Rakesh Kaundal,
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27
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Jia X, Si X, Jia Y, Zhang H, Tian S, Li W, Zhang K, Pan Y. Genomic profiling and expression analysis of the diacylglycerol kinase gene family in heterologous hexaploid wheat. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12480. [PMID: 34993014 PMCID: PMC8679913 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The inositol phospholipid signaling system mediates plant growth, development, and responses to adverse conditions. Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) is one of the key enzymes in the phosphoinositide-cycle (PI-cycle), which catalyzes the phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) to form phosphatidic acid (PA). To date, comprehensive genomic and functional analyses of DGKs have not been reported in wheat. In this study, 24 DGK gene family members from the wheat genome (TaDGKs) were identified and analyzed. Each putative protein was found to consist of a DGK catalytic domain and an accessory domain. The analyses of phylogenetic and gene structure analyses revealed that each TaDGK gene could be grouped into clusters I, II, or III. In each phylogenetic subgroup, the TaDGKs demonstrated high conservation of functional domains, for example, of gene structure and amino acid sequences. Four coding sequences were then cloned from Chinese Spring wheat. Expression analysis of these four genes revealed that each had a unique spatial and developmental expression pattern, indicating their functional diversification across wheat growth and development processes. Additionally, TaDGKs were also prominently up-regulated under salt and drought stresses, suggesting their possible roles in dealing with adverse environmental conditions. Further cis-regulatory elements analysis elucidated transcriptional regulation and potential biological functions. These results provide valuable information for understanding the putative functions of DGKs in wheat and support deeper functional analysis of this pivotal gene family. The 24 TaDGKs identified and analyzed in this study provide a strong foundation for further exploration of the biological function and regulatory mechanisms of TaDGKs in response to environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Jia
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xuyang Si
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Shijun Tian
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yanyun Pan
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Bomle DV, Kiran A, Kumar JK, Nagaraj LS, Pradeep CK, Ansari MA, Alghamdi S, Kabrah A, Assaggaf H, Dablool AS, Murali M, Amruthesh KN, Udayashankar AC, Niranjana SR. Plants Saline Environment in Perception with Rhizosphere Bacteria Containing 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111461. [PMID: 34768893 PMCID: PMC8584133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity stress has become a serious roadblock for food production worldwide since it is one of the key factors affecting agricultural productivity. Salinity and drought are predicted to cause considerable loss of crops. To deal with this difficult situation, a variety of strategies have been developed, including plant breeding, plant genetic engineering, and a wide range of agricultural practices, including the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and seed biopriming techniques, to improve the plants' defenses against salinity stress, resulting in higher crop yields to meet future human food demand. In the present review, we updated and discussed the negative effects of salinity stress on plant morphological parameters and physio-biochemical attributes via various mechanisms and the beneficial roles of PGPR with 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate(ACC) deaminase activity as green bio-inoculants in reducing the impact of saline conditions. Furthermore, the applications of ACC deaminase-producing PGPR as a beneficial tool in seed biopriming techniques are updated and explored. This strategy shows promise in boosting quick seed germination, seedling vigor and plant growth uniformity. In addition, the contentious findings of the variation of antioxidants and osmolytes in ACC deaminase-producing PGPR treated plants are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanashree Vijayrao Bomle
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Asha Kiran
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Jeevitha Kodihalli Kumar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Lavanya Senapathyhalli Nagaraj
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Chamanahalli Kyathegowda Pradeep
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.C.U.); (S.R.N.)
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Ahmed Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Anas S. Dablool
- Department of Public Health, Health Science College Al-Leith, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (M.M.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (M.M.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Arakere Chunchegowda Udayashankar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.C.U.); (S.R.N.)
| | - Siddapura Ramachandrappa Niranjana
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.C.U.); (S.R.N.)
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The biological approaches of altering the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants under salinity stress. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7201-7213. [PMID: 34519854 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to their interesting properties for human health, medicinal plants are of worldwide interest, including Iran. More has yet to be investigated and analyzed on the use of methods affecting medicinal plant growth and biochemical properties under stress. The important question about medicinal plants is the purpose of their plantation, determining their growth conditions. The present review article is about the effects of salinity stress on the growth and production of secondary metabolites (SM) in medicinal plants. In stressful conditions including salinity, while the growth of medicinal plants decreases, the production of secondary metabolites (SM) may increase significantly affecting plant medicinal properties. SMs are self-protective substances that medicinal plants quickly accumulate to resist changes in the external environment. Although previous research has indicated the effects of salt stress on the growth and yield of medicinal plants, more has yet to be indicated on how the use of biological methods including plant growth regulators (PGR) and soil microbes (mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR) may affect the physiology of medicinal plants and the subsequent production of SM in salt stress conditions. The use of modern omics has become significantly important for the identification and characterization of new SM, transcriptomics, genomics, and proteomics of medicinal plants, as well as for the high production of plant-derived medicines. Accordingly, the possible biological mechanisms, which may affect such properties, have been presented. Future research perspectives for the production of medicinal plants in saline fields, using biological methods, have been suggested. KEY POINTS: • The important question about medicinal plants is the purpose of their plantation. • Secondary metabolites (SM) may significantly increase under salinity stress. • Biological methods, affecting the production of SM by stressed medicinal plants.
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30
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Du Y, Li C, Mao X, Wang J, Li L, Yang J, Zhuang M, Sun D, Jing R. TaERF73 is associated with root depth, thousand‐grain weight and plant height in wheat over a range of environmental conditions. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jinwen Yang
- College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi China
| | - Mengjia Zhuang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Daizhen Sun
- College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
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31
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Aycan M, Baslam M, Asiloglu R, Mitsui T, Yildiz M. Development of new high-salt tolerant bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes and insight into the tolerance mechanisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:314-327. [PMID: 34147724 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The loss of cropland soils, climate change, and population growth are directly affecting the food supply. Given the higher incidence of salinity and extreme events, the cereal performance and yield are substantially hampered. Wheat is forecast to decline over the coming years due to the salinization widespread as one of the oldest and most environmental severe constraints facing global cereal production. To increase salinity tolerance of wheat, in this study, we developed two new salt-tolerant bread wheats, named 'Maycan' and 'Yıldız'. The salinity tolerance of these lines, their parents, and a salt-sensitive cultivar has been tested from measurements of physiological, biochemical, and genes associated with osmotic adjustment/plant tolerance in cultures containing 0 and 150 mM NaCl at the seedling stage. Differential growth reductions to increased salinity were observed in the salt-sensitive cultivar, with those newly developed exhibiting significantly greater root length, growth of shoot and water content as salinity tolerances overall than their parents. 'Maycan' and 'Yıldız' had higher osmoregulator proline content and antioxidants enzyme activities under salinity than the other bread wheat tested. Notably, an important upregulation in the expression of genes related to cellular ion balance, osmolytes accumulation, and abscisic acid was observed in both new wheat germplasms, which may improve salt tolerance. These finding revealed that 'Maycan' and 'Yıldız' exhibit high-salt tolerance at the seedling stage and differing in their tolerance mechanisms to the other tested cultivars, thereby providing an opportunity for their exploitation as modern bread wheats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Aycan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rasit Asiloglu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mustafa Yildiz
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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32
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Hameed A, Ahmed MZ, Hussain T, Aziz I, Ahmad N, Gul B, Nielsen BL. Effects of Salinity Stress on Chloroplast Structure and Function. Cells 2021; 10:2023. [PMID: 34440792 PMCID: PMC8395010 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a growing problem affecting soils and agriculture in many parts of the world. The presence of salt in plant cells disrupts many basic metabolic processes, contributing to severe negative effects on plant development and growth. This review focuses on the effects of salinity on chloroplasts, including the structures and function of these organelles. Chloroplasts house various important biochemical reactions, including photosynthesis, most of which are considered essential for plant survival. Salinity can affect these reactions in a number of ways, for example, by changing the chloroplast size, number, lamellar organization, lipid and starch accumulation, and interfering with cross-membrane transportation. Research has shown that maintenance of the normal chloroplast physiology is necessary for the survival of the entire plant. Many plant species have evolved different mechanisms to withstand the harmful effects of salt-induced toxicity on their chloroplasts and its machinery. The differences depend on the plant species and growth stage and can be quite different between salt-sensitive (glycophyte) and salt-tolerant (halophyte) plants. Salt stress tolerance is a complex trait, and many aspects of salt tolerance in plants are not entirely clear yet. In this review, we discuss the different mechanisms of salt stress tolerance in plants with a special focus on chloroplast structure and its functions, including the underlying differences between glycophytes and halophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hameed
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Sindh 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (I.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Sindh 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (I.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Tabassum Hussain
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Sindh 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (I.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Irfan Aziz
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Sindh 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (I.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 44000, Pakistan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Science (PIEAS), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Bilquees Gul
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Sindh 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (I.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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33
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Yang G, Pan W, Zhang R, Pan Y, Guo Q, Song W, Zheng W, Nie X. Genome-wide identification and characterization of caffeoyl-coenzyme A O-methyltransferase genes related to the Fusarium head blight response in wheat. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:504. [PMID: 34218810 PMCID: PMC8254967 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lignin is one of the main components of the cell wall and is directly associated with plant development and defence mechanisms in plants, especially in response to Fusarium graminearum (Fg) infection. Caffeoyl-coenzyme A O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) is the main regulator determining the efficiency of lignin synthesis and composition. Although it has been characterized in many plants, to date, the importance of the CCoAOMT family in wheat is not well understood. Results Here, a total of 21 wheat CCoAOMT genes (TaCCoAOMT) were identified through an in silico genome search method and they were classified into four groups based on phylogenetic analysis, with the members of the same group sharing similar gene structures and conserved motif compositions. Furthermore, the expression patterns and co-expression network in which TaCCoAOMT is involved were comprehensively investigated using 48 RNA-seq samples from Fg infected and mock samples of 4 wheat genotypes. Combined with qRT-PCR validation of 11 Fg-responsive TaCCoAOMT genes, potential candidates involved in the FHB response and their regulation modules were preliminarily suggested. Additionally, we investigated the genetic diversity and main haplotypes of these CCoAOMT genes in bread wheat and its relative populations based on resequencing data. Conclusions This study identified and characterized the CCoAOMT family in wheat, which not only provided potential targets for further functional analysis, but also contributed to uncovering the mechanism of lignin biosynthesis and its role in FHB tolerance in wheat and beyond. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07849-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqiu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qifan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weining Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,ICARDA-NWSUAF Joint Research Centre, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weijun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. .,ICARDA-NWSUAF Joint Research Centre, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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34
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Langridge P, Reynolds M. Breeding for drought and heat tolerance in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1753-1769. [PMID: 33715017 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Many approaches have been adopted to enhance the heat and drought tolerance of wheat with mixed success. An assessment of the relative merits of different strategies is presented. Wheat is the most widely grown crop globally and plays a key role in human nutrition. However, it is grown in environments that are prone to heat and drought stress, resulting in severely reduced yield in some seasons. Increased climate variability is expected to have a particularly adverse effect of wheat production. Breeding for stable yield across both good and bad seasons while maintaining high yield under optimal conditions is a high priority for most wheat breeding programs and has been a focus of research activities. Multiple strategies have been explored to enhance the heat and drought tolerance of wheat including extensive genetic analysis and modify the expression of genes involved in stress responses, targeting specific physiological traits and direct selection under a range of stress scenarios. These approaches have been combined with improvements in phenotyping, the development of genetic and genomic resources, and extended screening and analysis techniques. The results have greatly expanded our knowledge and understanding of the factors that influence yield under stress, but not all have delivered the hoped-for progress. Here, we provide an overview of the different strategies and an assessment of the most promising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
- Wheat Initiative, Julius-Kühn-Institute, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Int. AP 6-641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
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Hassan FAS, Ali E, Gaber A, Fetouh MI, Mazrou R. Chitosan nanoparticles effectively combat salinity stress by enhancing antioxidant activity and alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:291-300. [PMID: 33714144 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) are non-toxic and biodegradable stimulants of growth and secondary metabolite production, which offer new routes to combat plant stress. Salinity is a common and significant abiotic stress that adversely affects plant growth and development. The possible benefits of CSNPs in salt stress mitigation have not yet been reported in Catharanthus roseus, an important source of anticancer alkaloids. Plants were exposed to 150 mM NaCl as a salt stress treatment, while CSNPs were applied as a foliar spray at 1% concentration. Plant growth was considerably impaired under salt stress conditions; however, CSNPs treatment significantly reversed this effect. Specifically, CSNPs retarded chlorophyll reduction and induced activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. Thus, CSNPs alleviated the oxidative stress, indicated by lower levels of malondialdehyde and H2O2, thereby enabling membrane function retention and enhancing salt tolerance. Higher alkaloid accumulation was observed in salt-stressed plants following CSNP spraying than in controls. Interestingly, the expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK3), geissoschizine synthase (GS), and octadecanoid-derivative responsive AP2-domain (ORCA3) genes were significantly elevated in salt-stressed plants sprayed with CSNPs. Overall, CSNP treatment overcame the deleterious effects of salinity in C. roseus by activating the antioxidant defense system, which helps to scavenge reactive oxygen species, and inducing expression of MAPK3, GS, and ORCA3 genes, thus, leading to higher alkaloid accumulation and better protection against salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A S Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - E Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - M I Fetouh
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - R Mazrou
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia Univ., Egypt
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Tao R, Ding J, Li C, Zhu X, Guo W, Zhu M. Evaluating and Screening of Agro-Physiological Indices for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Wheat at the Seedling Stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:646175. [PMID: 33868346 PMCID: PMC8044411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.646175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a worldwide issue that affects wheat production. A comprehensive understanding of salt-tolerance mechanisms and the selection of reliable screening indices are crucial for breeding salt-tolerant wheat cultivars. In this study, 30 wheat genotypes (obtained from a rapid selection of 96 original varieties) were chosen to investigate the existing screening methods and clarify the salinity tolerance mechanisms in wheat. Ten-day-old seedlings were treated with 150 mM NaCl. Eighteen agronomic and physiological parameters were measured. The results indicated that the effects of salinity on the agronomic and physiological traits were significant. Salinity stress significantly decreased K+ content and K+/Na+ ratio in the whole plant, while the leaf K+/Na+ ratio was the strongest determinant of salinity tolerance and had a significantly positive correlation with salt tolerance. In contrast, salinity stress significantly increased Na+ concentration and relative gene expression (TaHKT1;5, TaSOS1, and TaAKT1-like). The Na+ transporter gene (TaHKT1;5) showed a significantly greater increase in expression than the K+ transporter gene (TaAKT1-like). We concluded that Na+ exclusion rather than K+ retention contributed to an optimal leaf K+/Na+ ratio. Furthermore, the present exploration revealed that, under salt stress, tolerant accessions had higher shoot water content, shoot dry weight and lower stomatal density, leaf sap osmolality, and a significantly negative correlation was observed between salt tolerance and stomatal density. This indicated that changes in stomata density may represent a fundamental mechanism by which a plant may optimize water productivity and maintain growth under saline conditions. Taken together, the leaf K+/Na+ ratio and stomatal density can be used as reliable screening indices for salt tolerance in wheat at the seedling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinkai Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Alavi SA, Ghehsareh AM, Soleymani A, Panahpour E. Enhanced nutrient uptake in salt-stressed Mentha piperita using magnetically treated water. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:403-414. [PMID: 33130948 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01547-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of the growth and quality of medicinal plants under stress is of significance, worldwide. The hypothesis was to alleviate salinity stress in Mentha piperita by enhancing nutrient uptake using magnetically treated water, which to our knowledge has not been previously investigated. The objective was to test the effects of magnetized water (using alternating magnetic fields) (main plots, M1-M4 representing control, 100, 200, and 300 mT, respectively), salinity (subplots, S1-S4 representing control, 40, 80, and 120 mM NaCl, respectively), and growth medium (sub-subplots, X1-X4 representing coco peat, palm, coco peat + perlite, and palm + perlite, respectively) on M. piperita nutrient uptake in the greenhouse. The M treatments, especially the 100 and 200 mT levels, significantly increased plant N (1.08%, S3M4X1), P (0.89%, S3M3X1), K (3.23%, S3M3X1), Ca (53.6 mg/kg, S4M4X4), and Mg (39.63 mg/kg, S3M3X2) concentrations (compared with control at 0.71, 0.49, 2.4, 26.63, 1.63) even at the highest level of salinity. Magnetically treated water also significantly enhanced plant Fe and Zn concentration to a maximum of 750 μg/kg (M4S3X1) and 94.67 μg/kg (S4M4X3), under salinity stress, respectively. The single and the combined use of organic and mineral media significantly affected plant nutrient uptake, especially when used with the proper rate of M treatment. If combined with the proper growth medium, the magnetized water may be more effective on the alleviation of salt stress in Mentha piperita by enhancing nutrient uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Amin Alavi
- Department of Soil Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Soleymani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
- Plant Improvement and Seed Production Research Center, Isfahan (khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Panahpour
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Li L, Peng Z, Mao X, Wang J, Li C, Chang X, Jing R. Genetic insights into natural variation underlying salt tolerance in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1135-1150. [PMID: 33130904 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Developing salt-tolerant crop varieties is one of the important approaches to cope with increasing soil salinization worldwide. In this study, a diversity panel of 323 wheat accessions and 150 doubled haploid lines were phenotyped for salt-responsive morphological and physiological traits across two growth stages. The comprehensive salt tolerance of each wheat accession was evaluated based on principal component analysis. A total of 269 associated loci for salt-responsive traits and/or salt tolerance indices were identified by genome-wide association studies using 395 675 single nucleotide polymorphisms, among which 22 overlapping loci were simultaneously identified by biparental quantitative trait loci mapping. Two novel candidate genes ROOT NUMBER 1 (TaRN1) and ROOT NUMBER 2 (TaRN2) involved in root responses to salt stress fell within overlapping loci, showing different expression patterns and a frameshift mutation (in TaRN2) in contrasting salt-tolerant wheat genotypes. Moreover, the decline in salt tolerance of Chinese wheat varieties was observed from genetic and phenotypic data. We demonstrate that a haplotype controlling root responses to salt stress has been diminished by strong selection for grain yield, which highlights that linkage drag constrains the salt tolerance of Chinese wheat. This study will facilitate salt-tolerant wheat breeding in terms of elite germplasm, favorable alleles and selection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Chang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Histone Deacetylase Gene Family in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS 2020; 10:plants10010019. [PMID: 33374252 PMCID: PMC7823868 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Histone acetylation is a dynamic modification process co-regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Although HDACs play vital roles in abiotic or biotic stress responses, their members in Triticumaestivum and their response to plant viruses remain unknown. Here, we identified and characterized 49 T. aestivumHDACs (TaHDACs) at the whole-genome level. Based on phylogenetic analyses, TaHDACs could be divided into 5 clades, and their protein spatial structure was integral and conserved. Chromosomal location and synteny analyses showed that TaHDACs were widely distributed on wheat chromosomes, and gene duplication has accelerated the TaHDAC gene family evolution. The cis-acting element analysis indicated that TaHDACs were involved in hormone response, light response, abiotic stress, growth, and development. Heatmaps analysis of RNA-sequencing data showed that TaHDAC genes were involved in biotic or abiotic stress response. Selected TaHDACs were differentially expressed in diverse tissues or under varying temperature conditions. All selected TaHDACs were significantly upregulated following infection with the barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV), and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), suggesting their involvement in response to viral infections. Furthermore, TaSRT1-silenced contributed to increasing wheat resistance against CWMV infection. In summary, these findings could help deepen the understanding of the structure and characteristics of the HDAC gene family in wheat and lay the foundation for exploring the function of TaHDACs in plants resistant to viral infections.
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Oljira AM, Hussain T, Waghmode TR, Zhao H, Sun H, Liu X, Wang X, Liu B. Trichoderma Enhances Net Photosynthesis, Water Use Efficiency, and Growth of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L .) under Salt Stress. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101565. [PMID: 33050658 PMCID: PMC7601918 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and productivity. The breeding of salt-tolerant wheat cultivars has substantially relieved the adverse effects of salt stress. Complementing these cultivars with growth-promoting microbes has the potential to stimulate and further enhance their salt tolerance. In this study, two fungal isolates, Th4 and Th6, and one bacterial isolate, C7, were isolated. The phylogenetic analyses suggested that these isolates were closely related to Trichoderma yunnanense, Trichoderma afroharzianum, and Bacillus licheniformis, respectively. These isolates produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) under salt stress (200 mM). The abilities of these isolates to enhance salt tolerance were investigated by seed coatings on salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant wheat cultivars. Salt stress (S), cultivar (C), and microbial treatment (M) significantly affected water use efficiency. The interaction effect of M x S significantly correlated with all photosynthetic parameters investigated. Treatments with Trichoderma isolates enhanced net photosynthesis, water use efficiency and biomass production. Principal component analysis revealed that the influences of microbial isolates on the photosynthetic parameters of the different wheat cultivars differed substantially. This study illustrated that Trichoderma isolates enhance the growth of wheat under salt stress and demonstrated the potential of using these isolates as plant biostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Mulu Oljira
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Tabassum Hussain
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Tatoba R. Waghmode
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Huicheng Zhao
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hongyong Sun
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinzhen Wang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Binbin Liu
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; (A.M.O.); (T.H.); (T.R.W.); (H.Z.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-31185817713; Fax: +86-31185815093
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Alavi SA, Ghehsareh AM, Soleymani A, Panahpour E, Mozafari M. Pepermint (Mentha piperita L.) growth and biochemical properties affected by magnetized saline water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110775. [PMID: 32535365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limitation of suitable water for crop production in the world, recycling water is among the most proper methods enhancing water efficiency and availability. One modern method, which is of economic, health, and environmental significance, and may improve water properties for plant use is water magnetization. Medicinal plants are of nutritional, economic and medical values and their growth decreases under salinity stresses. This research was hypothesized and conducted because there is not any data, to our knowledge, on the use of magnetized salty water affecting the growth and biochemical properties of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). The experiment was a split plot design with three replicates. The main plots consisted of magnetic fields at control (M1), 100 mT (M2), 200 mT (M3), and 300 mT (M4), the sub-plots consisted of salinity treatments (NaCl) at control (S1), 4 dS/m (S2), 8 dS/m (S3), and 12 dS/m (S4), and the growth media including cocopeat (X1), palm (X2), cocopeat + perlite (V/V = 50, X3) and palm + perlite (V/V = 50, X4) were located in the sub-sub-plots. Different plant growth and biochemical properties including plant fresh and dry weight, plant menthol, menthone, chlorophyll and proline contents were determined. Analysis of variance indicated the significant effects of experimental treatments and their interactions on the growth and biochemistry of peppermint. Different magnetic fields significantly increased plant growth, and interestingly with increasing the salinity level the alleviating effects of magnetic field on salinity stress became more clear (significant interaction between salinity and magnetic field treatments). Cocopeat was the most efficient growth medium. At the third level of salinity (8 dS/m) just the two levels of 100 and 200 mT increased plant menthol concentration. Treatments M3S2X4 and M1S1X1 resulted in the highest (38%) and the least menthol percentage (13%), respectively. Treatments S2 and M2 and M3 significantly increased plant menthone concentration, especially in the growth media of X1 and X3. However, at the third level of salinity, M3 and M4 were the most effective treatments. The highest (25.8%) and the least (1.2%) concentrations of menthone were related to treatments M3S2X4 and M2S4X1, respectively. The results indicated that it is possible to alleviate the stress of salinity on peppermint growth and improve its biochemical (medicinal) properties using magnetized salty water, although proline concentration was not much affected by the magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Amin Alavi
- Department of Soil Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Soleymani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran; Plant Improvement and Seed Production Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Panahpour
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Mozafari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Mwando E, Angessa TT, Han Y, Li C. Salinity tolerance in barley during germination- homologs and potential genes. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:93-121. [PMID: 32115909 PMCID: PMC7076347 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Salinity affects more than 6% of the world's total land area, causing massive losses in crop yield. Salinity inhibits plant growth and development through osmotic and ionic stresses; however, some plants exhibit adaptations through osmotic regulation, exclusion, and translocation of accumulated Na+ or Cl-. Currently, there are no practical, economically viable methods for managing salinity, so the best practice is to grow crops with improved tolerance. Germination is the stage in a plant's life cycle most adversely affected by salinity. Barley, the fourth most important cereal crop in the world, has outstanding salinity tolerance, relative to other cereal crops. Here, we review the genetics of salinity tolerance in barley during germination by summarizing reported quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and functional genes. The homologs of candidate genes for salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis, soybean, maize, wheat, and rice have been blasted and mapped on the barley reference genome. The genetic diversity of three reported functional gene families for salt tolerance during barley germination, namely dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) protein, somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase and aquaporin genes, is discussed. While all three gene families show great diversity in most plant species, the DREB gene family is more diverse in barley than in wheat and rice. Further to this review, a convenient method for screening for salinity tolerance at germination is needed, and the mechanisms of action of the genes involved in salt tolerance need to be identified, validated, and transferred to commercial cultivars for field production in saline soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Mwando
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Tefera Tolera Angessa
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Yong Han
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
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