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Awounou D, Mancini M, Lacour B, de Crouy-Chanel P, Aerts I, Minard-Colin V, Schleiermacher G, Verschuur A, Guissou S, Desandes E, Guldner L, Clavel J, Goujon S. Residential proximity to vines and risk of childhood embryonal tumours in France - GEOCAP case-control study, 2006-2013. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117417. [PMID: 37865323 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to pesticides has been suggested as a potential risk factor for childhood embryonal tumour. The existing literature has mainly focused on parental occupational exposure and domestic use of pesticides, and is very limited for residential exposures to agricultural pesticides. The study aimed to test the hypothesis of an increased risk of embryonal tumour in children living close to viticultural plots, likely to be subject to frequent pesticide applications. METHODS The study is part of the French national registry-based GEOCAP program. We included 2761 cases of neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, Wilms tumour and rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed before the age of 15 years in the 2006-2013 period, and 40,196 controls representative of the same age population during this period. Indicators of proximity to vines, the presence of vines and viticulture density within 1000 m of the geocoded addresses of residence, were evaluated combining three sources of data on agricultural land use in a geographic information system. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regressions and carried out several sensitivity analyses to test the stability of the results. RESULTS Approximately 10% of the controls lived within 1000 m of vines, with regional variations ranging from <1% to 38%. We observed a 5% increase in the risk of neuroblastoma for a 10% increase in viticulture density (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.13), with a regional heterogeneity. The indicators of proximity to vines were not associated with the other non-CNS embryonal tumours. CONCLUSION The study showed a slight increase in the risk of neuroblastoma in children living close to vines, suggesting that residential exposure to agricultural pesticides may be involved in the occurrence of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Awounou
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.
| | - Matthieu Mancini
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Lacour
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Perrine de Crouy-Chanel
- Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Direction Appui, Traitements et Analyses des données (DATA), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- SIREDO Centre (Care, Innovation, Research In Pediatric, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Minard-Colin
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy - Inserm UMR1015, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Gudrun Schleiermacher
- SIREDO Centre (Care, Innovation, Research In Pediatric, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Arnauld Verschuur
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Immunology and Oncology, Children Hospital of La Timone, AP-HM, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Sandra Guissou
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Emmanuel Desandes
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laurence Guldner
- Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Direction Santé Environnement Travail (DSET), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Montero-Montoya R, Suárez-Larios K, Serrano-García L. Paraoxon and glyphosate induce DNA double-strand breaks but are not type II topoisomerase poisons. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 890:503657. [PMID: 37567644 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the pesticides paraoxon and glyphosate cause DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by poisoning the enzyme Type II topoisomerase (topo II). Peripheral lymphocytes in G0 phase, treated with the pesticides, plus or minus ICRF-187, an inhibitor of Topo II, were stimulated to proliferate; induced cytogenetic damage was measured. Micronuclei, chromatin buds, nucleoplasmic bridges, and extranuclear fragments were induced by treatments with the pesticides, irrespective of the pre-treatment with ICRF-187. These results indicate that the pesticides do not act as topo II poisons. The induction of DSB may occur by other mechanisms, such as effects on other proteins involved in recombination repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Montero-Montoya
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70228, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Karen Suárez-Larios
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70228, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Serrano-García
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70228, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Oliva J, Valadez-Renteria E, Kshetri YK, Encinas A, Lee SW, Rodriguez-Gonzalez V. A sustainable composite of rice-paper/BaMoO 4 nanoparticles for the photocatalytic elimination of the recalcitrant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide in drinking water and its mechanisms of degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:59915-59929. [PMID: 35397726 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This research reports the use of biodegradable and flexible composites for the removal of the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide from drinking water. Rice paper (a biodegradable substrate) and Ag/BaMoO4 (MOBA) nanoparticles were employed to fabricate these composites. The SEM images showed that the MOBA nanoparticles with sizes of 300-800 nm decorated the surface of the biodegradable substrate and formed porous agglomerates, which have sizes of 1-3 μm. The MOBA powders were dispersed in drinking water polluted with BAM and were exposed to 4 h of UV-VIS irradiation, producing a maximum degradation of 82% for the BAM. Moreover, the flexible and biodegradable rice/MOBA composite produced a maximum removal percentage of 95% for the BAM. Also, we studied the effect of pH of the initial solution utilizing both powders and composites. From here, we found that a pH of 10 leads to a complete degradation of BAM after 4h, while a pH of 3 degraded only 37-47% of BAM for the same reaction time. According to the scavenger experiments, the •OH radical and the h+ were the main oxidizing agents for the BAM. Overall, the biodegradable photocatalytic composites are a reliable and a low-cost alternative to eliminate pesticides from the drinking water and can find application in water purification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Oliva
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
| | - Ernesto Valadez-Renteria
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Yuwaraj K Kshetri
- Department of Environmental and Bio-Chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Armando Encinas
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Soo Wohn Lee
- Department of Environmental and Bio-Chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Vicente Rodriguez-Gonzalez
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
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Rashed WM, Marcotte EL, Spector LG. Germline De Novo Mutations as a Cause of Childhood Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6:e2100505. [PMID: 35820085 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline de novo mutations (DNMs) represent one of the important topics that need extensive attention from epidemiologists, geneticists, and other relevant stakeholders. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies allowed examination of parent-offspring trios to ascertain the frequency of germline DNMs. Many epidemiological risk factors for childhood cancer are indicative of DNMs as a mechanism. The aim of this review was to give an overview of germline DNMs, their causes in general, and to discuss their relation to childhood cancer risk. In addition, we highlighted existing gaps in knowledge in many topics of germline DNMs in childhood cancer that need exploration and collaborative efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa M Rashed
- Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital-Egypt 57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Erin L Marcotte
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical, Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Logan G Spector
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical, Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Exploring Blue Spaces' Effects on Childhood Leukaemia Incidence: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095232. [PMID: 35564626 PMCID: PMC9103937 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Blue spaces have been a key part of human evolution, providing resources and helping economies develop. To date, no studies have been carried out to explore how they may be linked to paediatric oncological diseases. Objectives: To explore the possible relationship of residential proximity to natural and urban blue spaces on childhood leukaemia. Methods: A population-based case–control study was conducted in four regions of Spain across the period 2000–2018. A total of 936 incident cases and 5616 controls were included, individually matched by sex, year of birth and place of residence. An exposure proxy with four distances (250 m, 500 m, 750 m, and 1 km) to blue spaces was built using the geographical coordinates of the participants’ home residences. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for blue-space exposure were calculated for overall childhood leukaemia, and the acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) subtypes, with adjustment for socio-demographic and environmental covariates. Results: A decrease in overall childhood leukaemia and ALL-subtype incidence was found as we came nearer to children’s places of residence, showing, for the study as a whole, a reduced incidence at 250 m (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77; 95%CI = 0.60–0.97), 500 m (OR = 0.78; 95%CI = 0.65–0.93), 750 m (OR = 0.80; 95%CI = 0.69–0.93), and 1000 m (OR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.72–0.97). AML model results showed an increasing incidence at closest to subjects’ homes (OR at 250m = 1.06; 95%CI=0.63–1.71). Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible association between lower childhood leukaemia incidence and blue-space proximity. This study is a first approach to blue spaces’ possible effects on childhood leukaemia incidence; consequently, it is necessary to continue studying these spaces—while taking into account more individualised data and other possible environmental risk factors.
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Khan A, Feulefack J, Sergi CM. Pre-conceptional and prenatal exposure to pesticides and pediatric neuroblastoma. A meta-analysis of nine studies. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 90:103790. [PMID: 34954124 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is primarily an embryonal tumor of infancy. Recently, some toxicological agents used as pesticides have been associated with an increased incidence of this tumor. We intended to determine the potential association between prenatal exposure to pesticides and the incidence of neuroblastoma in children. Studies targeting the link between neuroblastoma and pesticides were searched in PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar from January 1, 1960, through December 2020. We performed a PRISMA-based systematic review and meta-analysis. In addition, we took into consideration the IARC evaluation on pesticides issued in recent monographs. Prenatal pesticide exposure is associated with an increased risk of neuroblastoma with an OR of 1.6 (1.1-2.3; p = 0.013), while the OR is 1.0 (0.8-1.3; p = 0.723) for pesticide exposure after birth. There is a significant association between prenatal pesticide exposure and neuroblastoma. We emphasize the IARC conclusions evaluating the carcinogenicity of diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiza Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Joseph Feulefack
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Consolato M Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Stollery Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Anatomic Pathology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China.
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Khan A, Feulefack J, Sergi CM. Exposure to pesticides and pediatric Wilms’ tumor. A meta-analysis on pre-conception and pregnancy parental exposure with an IARC/WHO commentary. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221136211. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221136211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background There are hereditary types of nephroblastoma or Wilms’ tumor associated with exposure of the germ cells of either parent to harmful environmental factors. Some studies have examined the exposure of compounds used pesticides and herbicides as a risk factor for Wilms’ tumor. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out on case-control studies to establish the potential link between exposure to these organic molecules and Wilms’ tumor occurrence in children rigorously. We examined the monographs on some organo-phosphate insecticides and herbicides issued by the International Association for the Research on Cancer (IARC) under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO). PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar studies (1960–2021) were identified and systematically reviewed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Subgroup analyses were conducted after stratification for occupational versus residential exposure and before birth (prenatal) vs. after birth (postnatal) exposure. In addition, we revised the monographs on chemical compounds issued recently by the IARC/WHO. Results Our findings seem to consolidate that parental pesticide exposure during the preconception or pregnancy period is correlated with an increased occurrence risk for Wilms’ tumor. We confirm the validity of the WHO essays on certain organophosphate herbicides and insecticides, which support these compounds, may be highly relevant in future cancer prevention policies. Conclusion Parental exposure to pesticides, particularly in household settings, is poorly emphasized in our society. There is a strong association between these organophosphate compounds and pediatric cancer. Public health agencies may need to take stronger action than in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - J Feulefack
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - CM Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Feulefack J, Khan A, Forastiere F, Sergi CM. Parental Pesticide Exposure and Childhood Brain Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Confirming the IARC/WHO Monographs on Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8121096. [PMID: 34943292 PMCID: PMC8700205 DOI: 10.3390/children8121096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Brain tumors are the second most common neoplasm in the pediatric age. Pesticides may play an etiologic role, but literature results are conflicting. This review provides a systematic overview, meta-analysis, and IARC/WHO consideration of data on parental exposure to pesticides and childhood brain tumors. Methods: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar for literature (1 January 1966–31 December 2020) that assessed childhood brain tumors and parental exposure to pesticides. We undertook a meta-analysis addressing prenatal exposure, exposure after birth, occupational exposure, and residential exposure. A total of 130 case-control investigations involving 43,598 individuals (18,198 cases and 25,400 controls) were included. Results: Prenatal exposure is associated with childhood brain tumors (odds ratio, OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17–1.49; I2 = 41.1%). The same occurs after birth exposure (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03–1.45, I2 = 72.3%) and residential exposure to pesticides (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.11–1.54, I2 = 67.2%). Parental occupational exposure is only marginally associated with CBT (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.99–1.38, I2 = 67.0%). Conclusions: There is an association between CBT and parental pesticides exposure before childbirth, after birth, and residential exposure. It is in line with the IARC Monograph evaluating the carcinogenicity of diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Feulefack
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Aiza Khan
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service of Lazio, 00147 Rome, Italy;
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Consolato M. Sergi
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Stollery Children’s Hospital, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Anatomic Pathology Division, Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-7600 (ext. 2427); Fax: +1-613-738-4837
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Karalexi MA, Tagkas CF, Markozannes G, Tseretopoulou X, Hernández AF, Schüz J, Halldorsson TI, Psaltopoulou T, Petridou ET, Tzoulaki I, Ntzani EE. Exposure to pesticides and childhood leukemia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117376. [PMID: 34380208 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the abundance of epidemiological evidence concerning the association between pesticide exposure and adverse health outcomes including acute childhood leukemia (AL), evidence remains inconclusive, and is inherently limited by heterogeneous exposure assessment and multiple statistical testing. We performed a literature search of peer-reviewed studies, published until January 2021, without language restrictions. Summary odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived from stratified random-effects meta-analyses by type of exposure and outcome, exposed populations and window of exposure to address the large heterogeneity of existing literature. Heterogeneity and small-study effects were also assessed. We identified 55 eligible studies (n = 48 case-control and n = 7 cohorts) from over 30 countries assessing >200 different exposures of pesticides (n = 160,924 participants). The summary OR for maternal environmental exposure to pesticides (broad term) during pregnancy and AL was 1.88 (95%CI: 1.15-3.08), reaching 2.51 for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; 95%CI: 1.39-4.55). Analysis by pesticide subtype yielded an increased risk for maternal herbicide (OR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.00-1.99) and insecticide (OR: 1.60, 95%CI: 1.11-2.29) exposure during pregnancy and AL without heterogeneity (p = 0.12-0.34). Meta-analyses of infant leukemia were only feasible for maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy. Higher magnitude risks were observed for maternal pesticide exposure and infant ALL (OR: 2.18, 95%CI: 1.44-3.29), and the highest for infant acute myeloid leukemia (OR: 3.42, 95%CI: 1.98-5.91). Overall, the associations were stronger for maternal exposure during pregnancy compared to childhood exposure. For occupational or mixed exposures, parental, and specifically paternal, pesticide exposure was significantly associated with increased risk of AL (ORparental: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.08-2.85; ORpaternal: 1.20, 95%CI: 1.07-1.35). The epidemiological evidence, supported by mechanistic studies, suggests that pesticide exposure, mainly during pregnancy, increases the risk of childhood leukemia, particularly among infants. Sufficiently powered studies using repeated biomarker analyses are needed to confirm whether there is public health merit in reducing prenatal pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Karalexi
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Christos F Tagkas
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Xanthippi Tseretopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de La Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Thorhallur I Halldorsson
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Epidemiology Research, Centre for Fetal Programming, Statens Serum Institut, 5, Artillerivej, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Th Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Evangelia E Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece; Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Institute of Biosciences, University Research Center of Loannina, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
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Xin J, Xu G, Zhou Y, Wang X, Wang M, Lian Y, Zhao RS. Ketoenamine Covalent Organic Framework Coating for Efficient Solid-Phase Microextraction of Trace Organochlorine Pesticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8008-8016. [PMID: 34232649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fiber coating is a key part of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technology, and it determines the selectivity, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the analytical method. A ketoenamine covalent organic framework called Tp-Azo-COF with rich electronegative N atoms was prepared as an SPME coating in this work. The Tp-Azo-COF coating had a large surface area of 1218 m2 g-1 and good thermal and chemical stability, and it was applied for the extraction of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). According to quantum chemistry calculations, the adsorption affinity of the Tp-Azo-COF coating for five OCPs was primarily affected by the halogen bond and hydrophobicity interaction. The extraction efficiencies of the Tp-Azo-COF coating for five OCPs were higher than those of three commercial SPME fiber coatings, and the enrichment factors ranged from 1061 to 3693. When combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, a wide linear range (0.1-1000 ng L-1), low limits of detection (0.002-0.08 ng L-1), and good fiber-to-fiber accuracy (4.3-10.9%) were achieved under optimal conditions. Moreover, the applicability of the developed method was evaluated by analyzing four samples (milk, green tea, tap water, and well water), and the recoveries were in the range of 83.4-101.6%, with relative standard deviations <8.6%. This research extends the application of the stabilized ketoenamine COF as a sample enrichment probe for OCP analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Xin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Guiju Xu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yiran Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Minglin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yujing Lian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Ru-Song Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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11
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Cazzolla Gatti R. Why We Will Continue to Lose Our Battle with Cancers If We Do Not Stop Their Triggers from Environmental Pollution. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6107. [PMID: 34198930 PMCID: PMC8201328 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Besides our current health concerns due to COVID-19, cancer is a longer-lasting and even more dramatic pandemic that affects almost a third of the human population worldwide. Most of the emphasis on its causes has been posed on genetic predisposition, chance, and wrong lifestyles (mainly, obesity and smoking). Moreover, our medical weapons against cancers have not improved too much during the last century, although research is in progress. Once diagnosed with a malignant tumour, we still rely on surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The main problem is that we have focused on fighting a difficult battle instead of preventing it by controlling its triggers. Quite the opposite, our knowledge of the links between environmental pollution and cancer has surged from the 1980s. Carcinogens in water, air, and soil have continued to accumulate disproportionally and grow in number and dose, bringing us to today's carnage. Here, a synthesis and critical review of the state of the knowledge of the links between cancer and environmental pollution in the three environmental compartments is provided, research gaps are briefly discussed, and some future directions are indicated. New evidence suggests that it is relevant to take into account not only the dose but also the time when we are exposed to carcinogens. The review ends by stressing that more dedication should be put into studying the environmental causes of cancers to prevent and avoid curing them, that the precautionary approach towards environmental pollutants must be much more reactionary, and that there is an urgent need to leave behind the outdated petrochemical-based industry and goods production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria;
- Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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12
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Lombardi C, Thompson S, Ritz B, Cockburn M, Heck JE. Residential proximity to pesticide application as a risk factor for childhood central nervous system tumors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111078. [PMID: 33798513 PMCID: PMC8212567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposures have been examined previously as risk factors for childhood brain cancers, but few studies were able to assess risk from specific agents. OBJECTIVE To evaluate risks for childhood central nervous system tumors associated with residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications. METHODS Using the California Cancer Registry, we identified cancer cases less than 6 years of age and frequency matched them by year of birth to 20 cancer-free controls identified from birth certificates. We restricted analyses to mothers living in rural areas and births occurring between 1998 and 2011, resulting in 667 cases of childhood central nervous system tumors and 123,158 controls. Possible carcinogens were selected per the Environmental Protection Agency's (US. EPA) classifications, and prenatal exposure was assessed according to pesticides reported by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation's (CDPR) Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) system as being applied within 4000m of the maternal residence at birth. We computed odds ratios for individual pesticide associations using unconditional logistic and hierarchical regression models. RESULTS We observed elevated risks in the hierarchical models for diffuse astrocytoma with exposure to bromacil (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.13-3.97), thiophanate-methyl (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02-2.66), triforine (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.44-3.92), and kresoxim methyl (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.03-4.21); elevated risks for medulloblastoma with exposure to chlorothalonil (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.15-2.76), propiconazole (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.53), dimethoate (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.43), and linuron (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.25, 5.11); and elevated risk for ependymoma with exposure to thiophanate-methyl (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.10-2.68). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that exposure to certain pesticides through residential proximity to agricultural applications during pregnancy may increase the risk of childhood central nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lombardi
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 700 N. San Vicente Blvd., Pacific Design Center, G599, West Hollywood, CA, 90069, USA
| | - Shiraya Thompson
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001, N. Soto Street, Suite 318-A, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Box 951781, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1781, USA; College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311340, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
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13
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Rydz E, Larsen K, Peters CE. Estimating Exposure to Three Commonly Used, Potentially Carcinogenic Pesticides (Chlorolathonil, 2,4-D, and Glyphosate) Among Agricultural Workers in Canada. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 65:377-389. [PMID: 33336237 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Certain pesticides have been associated with adverse health outcomes including cancer and reproductive harms. However, little is known about the prevalence of occupational pesticide exposure among agricultural workers in Canada. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and likelihood of occupational exposure to pesticides in Canada's agricultural industry, using three commonly used, potentially carcinogenic pesticides [chlorothalonil, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and glyphosate] as an example. METHODS Estimates were calculated using the Canadian Census of Population and the Census of Agriculture. The number of workers and the proportion of farms applying 'herbicides' or 'fungicides' by farm type was estimated using survey data from the Census of Agriculture. These values were multiplied to yield the potential number of workers at risk of exposure. Likelihood of exposure (i.e. exposed, probably exposed, and possibly exposed) was then qualitatively assigned using information on crop type, primary expected tasks, crop production practices, and residue transfer data. Additional agricultural workers who are at risk of exposure but not captured by the Census of Agriculture were identified using the 2016 Census of Population. RESULTS An estimated range of 37 700-55 800 workers (11-13% of agricultural workers) were exposed to glyphosate in Canada while 30 800-43 600 workers (9-11%) and 9000-14 100 (2.9-3.2%) were exposed to 2,4-D and chlorothalonil, respectively. Approximately 70-75% of workers at risk of exposure were considered probably or possibly exposed to any of the pesticides. Glyphosate exposure was most common among workers in oilseed (29% of oilseed farm workers exposed) and dry pea/bean farms (28%), along with those providing support activities for farms (31%). 2,4-D exposure was most common in corn (28%), other grain (28%), and soybean farms (27%), while chlorothalonil exposure was more likely among greenhouse, nursery, and floriculture workers (42%), workers on farms (28%, for occupations not captured by the Census of Agriculture, specifically), and those providing support activities for farms (20%). Regional variations broadly reflected differences in farm types by province. CONCLUSIONS This study estimated the prevalence of occupational exposure to three pesticides in Canada. Seasonal and temporary agricultural workers, which were captured by the Census of Agriculture, contributed to many additionally exposed workers. A large percent of the workers who were considered at risk of exposure were considered probably or possibly exposed, indicating a need for enhanced data collection and availability on pesticide use data in Canada. The study's methods can be applied to estimate workers' exposures to other pesticides within the agricultural industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Rydz
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Harbour Centre Campus, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kristian Larsen
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Harbour Centre Campus, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl E Peters
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Harbour Centre Campus, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Departments of Preventative Oncology & Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, SW, Calgary, AB, Canada
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14
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Lovison Sasso E, Cattaneo R, Rosso Storck T, Spanamberg Mayer M, Sant'Anna V, Clasen B. Occupational exposure of rural workers to pesticides in a vegetable-producing region in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25758-25769. [PMID: 33469792 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The health of family farmers is at risk due to occupational exposure to pesticides. The aims of the current study were to investigate the level of farmers' perception of risks associated with pesticide use and to assess their health condition based on biochemical and immunological tests. Family farmers living in a vegetable-producing region in Southern Brazil were selected to participate in the study. More than 70% of the family farmers were often exposed to more than one type of pesticides; 41.2% were intensively using several pesticides for more than one decade and 74.4% were not using personal protective equipment (PPE) at the time of pesticide handling due to low perception of the risks posed by these chemicals. Enzymatic analysis performed in participants' blood samples showed changes in catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity, in lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and carbonylated protein levels, as well as in chemoattractant (IL-8) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) interleukin expression. Low perception of health-related risks posed by pesticides can be attributed to factors such as low schooling and lack of information, which put farmers' health at risk, as evidenced by blood biochemical and immunological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Lovison Sasso
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Sustainability (PPGAS), Environmental Toxicology Research Group, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Cattaneo
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Medicinal Plants, Postgraduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS), University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil
| | - Tamiris Rosso Storck
- Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb), Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Spanamberg Mayer
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Medicinal Plants, Postgraduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS), University of Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil
| | - Voltaire Sant'Anna
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Sustainability (PPGAS), Environmental Toxicology Research Group, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara Clasen
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Sustainability (PPGAS), Environmental Toxicology Research Group, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil.
- Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb), Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Akramipour R, Golpayegani MR, Sedighi M, Fattahi F, Fattahi N. Determination of common organophosphorus pesticides in the blood of children with acute leukaemia using a double-solvent system as a novel extractant for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44736-44742. [PMID: 35516287 PMCID: PMC9058556 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09303c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, a new mode of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on a double-solvent system (DLLME-DSS) was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in the blood of children with acute leukaemia prior to determination by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). In the present method, two long normal chain alcohols are mixed in a particular ratio, and then injected into the sample solution, which is magnetically stirred. In this case, the mixture of the two alcohols changes to a new aggregate extractant. This new double-solvent is used as an extractant, which has a higher extraction power than any of its components alone. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the rage of 3-600 μg L-1 with detection limits of 1 to 2 μg L-1. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) including intra-day and inter-day of the method based on 7 replicate determinations of 100.0 μg L-1 for each analyte were in the range of 2.9-4.7% and 3.8-6.1%, respectively. The results proved that DLLME-DSS is a sensitive, very simple, inexpensive, environmentally friendly, rapid and efficient method for the preconcentration of trace amounts of OPPs in blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Akramipour
- School of Medical, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Golpayegani
- School of Medical, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mostafa Sedighi
- School of Medical, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Farshad Fattahi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran +988338263048 +989183364311
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16
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Larsen K, Black P, Rydz E, Nicol AM, Peters CE. Using geographic information systems to estimate potential pesticide exposure at the population level in Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110100. [PMID: 32853660 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Residents in close proximity to agricultural land are at risk of higher pesticide exposures. The purpose of this study was to generate national population-level exposure estimates for Canada for three commonly applied pesticides that are suspected carcinogens (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), glyphosate and chlorothalonil). Using geographic information systems, pesticide exposure was estimated for every - census subdivision (CSD) in Canada (n = 5054) by combining raster-based surfaces for the distribution of crops with average crop-specific pesticide application rates data. Analyses examined all identified crops in combination with different pesticide application rates to obtain a cumulative potential total exposure. Specifically, the number of acres of particular crops were calculated for each CSD and then multiplied by the average pesticide application rates data, summed across crops, and combined with population data by CSD to provide a potential pesticide exposure estimate for each CSD. Results demonstrate that the population exposure varies greatly depending on agricultural production by CSD region. For example, in Ontario, the 2,4-D application rate was an average of 361 kg/km2, while in Saskatchewan, which primarily grows field/cereal crops, 2,4-D application rates were much higher (3810 kg/km2). The highest potential exposures to all three pesticides were in the prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba) along with Prince Edward Island, Southern Quebec and British Columbia. This work can be used in conjunction with other exposure assessment approaches to better understand overall pesticide exposure among Canada's general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Larsen
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Paleah Black
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Ecotox Consulting, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Ela Rydz
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Nicol
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cheryl E Peters
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Preventive Oncology & Community Health Sciences. University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Medina-Sanson A, Núñez-Enríquez JC, Hurtado-Cordova E, Pérez-Saldivar ML, Martínez-García A, Jiménez-Hernández E, Fernández-López JC, Martín-Trejo JA, Pérez-Lorenzana H, Flores-Lujano J, Amador-Sánchez R, Mora-Ríos FG, Peñaloza-González JG, Duarte-Rodríguez DA, Torres-Nava JR, Flores-Bautista JE, Espinosa-Elizondo RM, Román-Zepeda PF, Flores-Villegas LV, González-Ulivarri JE, Martínez-Silva SI, Espinoza-Anrubio G, Almeida-Hernández C, Ramírez-Colorado R, Hernández-Mora L, García-López LR, Cruz-Ojeda GA, Godoy-Esquivel AE, Contreras-Hernández I, Medina-Hernández A, López-Caballero MG, Hernández-Pineda NA, Granados-Kraulles J, Rodríguez-Vázquez MA, Torres-Valle D, Cortés-Reyes C, Medrano-López F, Pérez-Gómez JA, Martínez-Ríos A, Aguilar-De Los Santos A, Serafin-Díaz B, Bekker-Méndez VC, Mata-Rocha M, Morales-Castillo BA, Sepúlveda-Robles OA, Ramírez-Bello J, Rosas-Vargas H, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Mejía-Aranguré JM, Jiménez-Morales S. Genotype-Environment Interaction Analysis of NQO1, CYP2E1, and NAT2 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Mexican Interinstitutional Group for the Identification of the Causes of Childhood Leukemia. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571869. [PMID: 33072605 PMCID: PMC7537417 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the main type of cancer in children. In Mexico and other Hispanic populations, the incidence of this neoplasm is one of the highest reported worldwide. Functional polymorphisms of various enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALL, and the risk is different by ethnicity. The aims of the present study were to identify whether NQO1, CYP2E1, and NAT2 polymorphisms or some genotype-environmental interactions were associated with ALL risk in Mexican children. Methods: We conducted a case-control study including 478 pediatric patients diagnosed with ALL and 284 controls (children without leukemia). Ancestry composition of a subset of cases and controls was assessed using 32 ancestry informative markers. Genetic-environmental interactions for the exposure to hydrocarbons were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The polymorphisms rs1801280 (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21–1.93), rs1799929 (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.55–2.49), and rs1208 (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14–1.81) were found to increase the risk of ALL; being the risks higher under a recessive model (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.30–1.71, OR 3.87, 95% CI 2.20–6.80, and OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.32–3.87, respectively). Gene-environment interaction analysis showed that NAT2 rs1799929 TT genotype confers high risk to ALL under exposure to fertilizers, insecticides, hydrocarbon derivatives, and parental tobacco smoking. No associations among NQO1, CYP2E1, and ALL were observed. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence for the association between NAT2 polymorphisms/gene-environment interactions, and the risk of childhood ALL in Mexican children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Medina-Sanson
- Departamento de Hemato-Oncología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Núñez-Enríquez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Hurtado-Cordova
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Universidad Xochicalco, Campos Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pérez-Saldivar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anayeli Martínez-García
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Hospital General "Gaudencio González Garza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge Alfonso Martín-Trejo
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", UMAE Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Pérez-Lorenzana
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital General "Gaudencio González Garza", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (CMN) "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raquel Amador-Sánchez
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General Regional "Carlos McGregor Sánchez Navarro", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Felix Gustavo Mora-Ríos
- Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital Regional "General Ignacio Zaragoza", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Aldebarán Duarte-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Refugio Torres-Nava
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediátrico de Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Pedro Francisco Román-Zepeda
- Coordinación Clínica y Servicio de Cirugía pediátrica, Hospital General Regional (HGR) No. 1 "Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz Victoria Flores-Villegas
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juana Esther González-Ulivarri
- Jefatura de Enseñanza, Hospital Pediátrico de Iztacalco, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sofía Irene Martínez-Silva
- Jefatura de Enseñanza, Hospital Pediátrico de Iztapalapa, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Espinoza-Anrubio
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Zona (HGZ) No. 8 "Dr. Gilberto Flores Izquierdo", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Almeida-Hernández
- Jefatura de Enseñanza, Hospital General de Ecatepec "Las Américas", Instituto de Salud del Estado de México (ISEM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosario Ramírez-Colorado
- Jefatura de Enseñanza, Hospital Pediátrico La Villa, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Hernández-Mora
- Jefatura de Enseñanza, Hospital Pediátrico San Juan de Aragón, Secretaría de Salud (SS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ramiro García-López
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Pediátrico de Tacubaya, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Adriana Cruz-Ojeda
- Coordinación Clínica de Educación e Investigación en Salud, Hospital General de Zona (HGZ) No. 47, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Emilio Godoy-Esquivel
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iris Contreras-Hernández
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abraham Medina-Hernández
- Pediatría, Hospital Materno-Pediátrico de Xochimilco, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe López-Caballero
- Jefatura de Enseñanza, Hospital Pediátrico de Coyoacán, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Angélica Hernández-Pineda
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 76, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Granados-Kraulles
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 76, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Adriana Rodríguez-Vázquez
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 68, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Delfino Torres-Valle
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cortés-Reyes
- Pediatría, Hospital General Dr. Darío Fernández Fierro, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Medrano-López
- Coordinación Clínica y Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Regional (HGR) No. 72 "Dr. Vicente Santos Guajardo", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jessica Arleet Pérez-Gómez
- Coordinación Clínica y Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Regional (HGR) No. 72 "Dr. Vicente Santos Guajardo", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Annel Martínez-Ríos
- Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital Regional "General Ignacio Zaragoza", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Aguilar-De Los Santos
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 98, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Berenice Serafin-Díaz
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 57, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vilma Carolina Bekker-Méndez
- Hospital de Infectología "Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández", "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Minerva Mata-Rocha
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca Angélica Morales-Castillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Alejandro Sepúlveda-Robles
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Haydeé Rosas-Vargas
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Kendall GM, Bunch KJ, Stiller CA, Vincent TJ, Murphy MFG. Case-control study of paternal occupational exposures and childhood bone tumours and soft-tissue sarcomas in Great Britain, 1962-2010. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1250-1259. [PMID: 32099095 PMCID: PMC7156690 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This nationwide study investigated associations between paternal occupational exposure and childhood bone tumours and soft- tissue sarcomas. METHODS The UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours provided cases of childhood sarcomas born and diagnosed in Great Britain, 1962-2010. Control births, unaffected by childhood cancer, were matched on sex, birth period and birth registration sub-district. Fathers' occupations were assigned to one or more of 33 exposure groups and coded for occupational social class. RESULTS We analysed 5,369 childhood sarcoma cases and 5380 controls. Total bone tumours, total soft-tissue sarcomas and the subgroups osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumours (ESFT) were considered separately. Significant positive associations were seen between rhabdomyosarcoma and paternal exposure to EMFs (odds ratio = 1.67, CI = 1.22-2.28) and also for ESFT and textile dust (1.93, 1.01-3.63). There were putative protective effects on total bone tumours of paternal dermal exposure to hydrocarbons, metal, metal working or oil mists. CONCLUSIONS Despite the large size and freedom from bias of this study, our results should be interpreted with caution. Many significance tests were undertaken, and chance findings are to be expected. Nevertheless, our finding of associations between ESFT and paternal exposure to textile dust may support related suggestions in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald M Kendall
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Kathryn J Bunch
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Charles A Stiller
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, Chancellor Court, Oxford Business Park South, Oxford, OX4 2GX, UK
| | - Timothy J Vincent
- Formerly of Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael F G Murphy
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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Park AS, Ritz B, Yu F, Cockburn M, Heck JE. Prenatal pesticide exposure and childhood leukemia - A California statewide case-control study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 226:113486. [PMID: 32087503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of epidemiologic studies with a variety of exposure assessment approaches have implicated pesticides as risk factors for childhood cancers. Here we explore the association of pesticide exposure in pregnancy and early childhood with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) utilizing land use and pesticide use data in a sophisticated GIS tool. METHODS We identified cancer cases less than 6 years of age from the California Cancer Registry and cancer-free controls from birth certificates. Analyses were restricted to those living in rural areas and born 1998-2011, resulting in 162 cases of childhood leukemia and 9,805 controls. Possible carcinogens were selected from the Environmental Protection Agency's classifications and pesticide use was collected from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation's (CDPR) Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) system and linked to land-use surveys. Exposures for subjects were assessed using a 4000m buffer around the geocoded residential addresses at birth. Unconditional logistic and hierarchical regression models were used to assess individual pesticide and pesticide class associations. RESULTS We observed elevated risks for ALL with exposure to any carcinogenic pesticide (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 2.83, 95% CI: 1.67-4.82), diuron (Single-pesticide model, adjusted (OR): 2.38, 95% CI: 1.57-3.60), phosmet (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.46-3.02), kresoxim-methyl (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14-2.75), and propanil (OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.44-4.63). Analyses based on chemical classes showed elevated risks for the group of 2,6-dinitroanilines (OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.56-3.99), anilides (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.38-3.36), and ureas (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.42-3.34). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that in rural areas of California exposure to certain pesticides or pesticide classes during pregnancy due to residential proximity to agricultural applications may increase the risk of childhood ALL and AML. Future studies into the mechanisms of carcinogenicity of these pesticides may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Park
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001, N. Soto Street, Suite 318-A, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Box 951781, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1781, USA.
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Hernandez M, Hernández-Valero MA, García-Prieto C, Patterson DG, Hajek RA, Recinos I, Lopez DS, Li Y, Jones LA, Hawk E. A Pilot Study Evaluating Organochlorine and Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure in Children and Adolescents of Mexican Descent Residing in Hidalgo County, Texas. J Immigr Minor Health 2020; 21:751-760. [PMID: 30066057 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-018-0791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Children and adolescents of Mexican descent residing in Hidalgo County (TX) were evaluated for exposure to organochlorine (OC) and organophosphate (OP) pesticides. A convenience sample of 60 participants enrolled in our pilot study. The lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of nine OC metabolites and creatinine-adjusted urinary concentrations of six OP metabolites were measured and compared with data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Fourth Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the concentration levels for each metabolite. Study participants were aged 5-18 years. For most of the OC and OP metabolites, our findings showed that participants had concentration levels within the distributional range of the national data. However, notable outlying levels (greater than the 95th percentile in the Fourth Report) were identified for the following OC metabolites: gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene, and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. Among the children aged 5-11 years, one child had an outlying value for the OP metabolite: dimethylphosphate. Our findings on the levels of OC and OP pesticide exposure enhances the credibility of national estimates, and can serve as baselines for children and adolescents of Mexican descent residing in Lower Rio Grande Valley. Furthermore, our study contributes to the lacunae of knowledge regarding environmental exposures and presses further investigation of outlying OC and OP exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Hernandez
- Department of Biostatistics, Unit 1411, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - María A Hernández-Valero
- Health Program, Department of Education Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Celia García-Prieto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Unit 2951, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Donald G Patterson
- Axys Analytical Services Ltd., 2045 Mills Road West, Sidney, BC, V8LL 5X2, Canada
| | - Richard A Hajek
- Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, Unit 1362, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Iris Recinos
- Institute of Cancer Care Innovation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - David S Lopez
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas School of Public Health, P.O. Box 20186, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yisheng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Unit 1411, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lovell A Jones
- College of Nursing, Prairie View A&M University, 100 University Dr., Prairie View, TX, 77446, USA
| | - Ernest Hawk
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Unit 1370, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Bunch KJ, Kendall GM, Stiller CA, Vincent TJ, Murphy MFG. Case-control study of paternal occupational exposures and childhood lymphoma in Great Britain, 1962-2010. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:1153-1161. [PMID: 31105271 PMCID: PMC6738046 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This nationwide study investigates associations between paternal occupational exposure and childhood lymphoma. METHODS The UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours provided cases of childhood lymphoma born and diagnosed in Great Britain 1962-2010. Control births, unaffected by childhood cancer, were matched on sex, birth period and birth registration sub-district. Fathers' occupations were assigned to one or more of 33 exposure groups and also coded for occupational social class. RESULTS We analysed 5033 childhood lymphoma cases and 4990 controls. Total lymphoma and the subgroups Hodgkin, Burkitt and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were considered separately. No one exposure was significantly associated with increased risk within all subgroups and for total lymphoma. However, exposure to "ceramics and glass" was significantly associated with increased risk of total lymphoma, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Paternal lead exposure was associated with Burkitt lymphoma and exposure to metal fumes was associated with Hodgkin lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS This study provides no support for previous suggestions of an association between childhood lymphoma and paternal occupational exposure to pesticides, solvents/hydrocarbons or infections potentially transmitted by father's social contacts. An association with exposure to "ceramics and glass" was noted for the two major lymphoma subtypes together comprising 80% of total lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Bunch
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Gerald M Kendall
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Charles A Stiller
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, Chancellor Court, Oxford Business Park South, Oxford, OX4 2GX, UK
| | - Timothy J Vincent
- Formerly of Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael F G Murphy
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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Dixit S, Srivastava MP, Sharma YK. Pesticide and Human Health. ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND GREEN TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6111-8.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are known to be one of the extremely useful and incredibly beneficial agents for preventing losses of crops as well as diseases in humans. They are used in a large number of conditions as in farms, orchards, gardens, parks, sports lawn, residences, industrial areas, shops, schools, hospitals, airports, railway lines, drains, on animals, and on people for control of diseases such as scabies and head lice. People are exposed to pesticides in their daily lives through multiple routes of exposure such as occupational or food, water, and air. Many pesticides can be used safely and effectively, but care must be taken while using them. Several pesticides are beneficial in agriculture for killing pests. Yet many times their injurious effects offset the positive ones. Uses of pesticides are apprehension for sustainability of environment and global stability. This chapter aims to discuss pesticides, their types, routes of their exposure, human health concerns related to them, methods to stop using them, and a future scenario of the world after eradicating pesticides.
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23
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How does the social environment during life course embody in and influence the development of cancer? Int J Public Health 2018; 63:811-821. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Maternal Exposure to Pesticides, Paternal Occupation in the Army/Police Force, and CYP2D6*4 Polymorphism in the Etiology of Childhood Acute Leukemia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018; 40:e207-e214. [PMID: 29432309 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have suggested that parental occupations, pesticide use, environmental factors, and genetic polymorphism are involved in the etiology of childhood acute leukemia (CAL). In total, 116 cases of CAL and 162 controls were recruited and submitted to blood drawing to assess the presence of genetic polymorphisms. Parental occupations, pesticides exposure, and other potential determinants were investigated. Increased risk for CAL was associated with prenatal maternal use of insecticides/rodenticides (odds ratio [OR]=1.87; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.04-3.33), with subjects living <100 m from pesticide-treated fields (OR=3.21; 95% CI, 1.37-7.53) and with a paternal occupation as traffic warden/policeman (OR=4.02; 95% CI, 1.63-9.87). Associations were found between CAL and genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6*4 for homozygous alleles (mutant type/mutant type: OR=6.39; 95% CI, 1.17-34.66). In conclusion, despite the small sample size, maternal prenatal exposure to pesticides, paternal occupation as a traffic warden/police officer, and CYP2D6*4 polymorphism could play a role in the etiology of CAL.
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25
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Ruiz-Guzmán JA, Gómez-Corrales P, Cruz-Esquivel Á, Marrugo-Negrete JL. Cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children exposed to pesticides in agricultural areas of the department of Cordoba, Colombia. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 824:25-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Attaullah M, Yousuf MJ, Shaukat S, Anjum SI, Ansari MJ, Buneri ID, Tahir M, Amin M, Ahmad N, Khan SU. Serum organochlorine pesticides residues and risk of cancer: A case-control study. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 25:1284-1290. [PMID: 30505171 PMCID: PMC6252000 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are frequently used worldwide as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and termiticides and have been associated with a variety of cancers in animal and human studies. In the present study, we examined residues of fourteen OCPs in the serum samples of diagnosed cancer patients and healthy residents of Karachi, Pakistan. A random collection of fasting blood samples was carried out from the donors with informed consent. Serum was separated within 2 h of blood collection and was then subjected to extraction with organic solvents followed by purification with florisil column. The final organic extract of each serum sample was processed with Gas Chromatograph coupled with Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). OCPs were detected in 97.59% of the cancer cases and 93.75% of the healthy subjects. Mean concentrations of total OCPs (ΣOCPs) was found elevated in the cancer group (0.606 mg/kg) compared with the control group (0.322 mg/kg). Endosulfan was the highest prevalent OCP with a mean concentration of 0.214 mg/kg in the cancer group and 0.166 mg/kg in the control group. The second most prevalent OCP was 4,4-DDE with a mean concentration of 0.131 mg/kg in the cancer group and 0.019 mg/kg in the control group. Highest level of ΣOCPs was detected in the breast cancer cases (20.411 mg/kg) with a mean level of (2.041 mg/kg). In light of the obtained results and available literature on the subject, it has been concluded that OCPs are positively associated with the risk of various cancers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Attaullah
- Department of Zoology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Dir Upper, Pakistan
| | | | - Sohail Shaukat
- Center for Environmental Studies, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ishtiaq Anjum
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, M.J.P Rohilkhand University, 244001, India
| | | | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amin
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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Screening of Pesticides with the Potential of Inducing DSB and Successive Recombinational Repair. J Toxicol 2017; 2017:3574840. [PMID: 29129974 PMCID: PMC5654340 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3574840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was realized to ascertain whether eight selected pesticides would induce double strand breaks (DSB) in lymphocyte cultures and whether this damage would induce greater levels of proteins Rad51 participating in homologous recombination or of p-Ku80 participating in nonhomologous end joining. Only five pesticides were found to induce DSB of which only glyphosate and paraoxon induced a significant increase of p-Ku80 protein, indicating that nonhomologous end joining recombinational DNA repair system would be activated. The type of gamma-H2AX foci observed was comparable to that induced by etoposide at similar concentrations. These results are of importance since these effects occurred at low concentrations in the micromolar range, in acute treatments to the cells. Effects over longer exposures in actual environmental settings are expected to produce cumulative damage if repeated events of recombination take place over time.
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28
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Van Maele-Fabry G, Gamet-Payrastre L, Lison D. Residential exposure to pesticides as risk factor for childhood and young adult brain tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017. [PMID: 28623811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests a positive association between exposure to non-agricultural pesticides and childhood brain tumors (CBT). OBJECTIVE (1) To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies on the association between residential/household/domestic exposure to pesticides and childhood brain tumors. (2) To clarify variables that could impact the results. METHODS Publications in English were identified from a MEDLINE search through 28 February 2017 and from the reference list of identified publications. Risk estimates were extracted from 18 case-control studies published between 1979 and 2016 and study quality assessments were performed. Summary odds ratios (mOR) were calculated according to fixed and random-effect meta-analysis models. Separate analyses were conducted after stratification for study quality, critical exposure period, exposure location, specific exposures, pesticide category, application methods, type of pest treated, type of CBT, child's age at diagnosis and geographic location. RESULTS Statistically significant associations were observed with CBT after combining all studies (mOR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.13-1.40) without evidence of inconsistency between study results or publication bias. Specifically, increased risks were observed for several groupings and more particularly for gliomas and exposure involving insecticides. Statistical significance was also reached for high quality studies, for all exposure periods, for indoor exposure and, more particularly, during the prenatal period for all stratifications involving insecticides (except for outdoor use), for pet treatments, for flea/tick treatment, for studies from USA/Canada and studies from Europe (borderline) as well as for data from studies including children of up to 10years at diagnosis and of up to 15years. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support an association between residential exposure to pesticides and childhood brain tumors. Although causality cannot be established, these results add to the evidence leading to recommend limiting residential use of pesticides and to support public health policies serving this objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Van Maele-Fabry
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Avenue E. Mounier 53.02, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 93173 Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Lison
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Avenue E. Mounier 53.02, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Georgakis MK, Ntinopoulou E, Chatzopoulou D, Petridou ET. Season of birth and primary central nervous system tumors: a systematic review of the literature with critical appraisal of underlying mechanisms. Ann Epidemiol 2017; 27:593-602.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ramis R, Tamayo-Uria I, Gómez-Barroso D, López-Abente G, Morales-Piga A, Pardo Romaguera E, Aragonés N, García-Pérez J. Risk factors for central nervous system tumors in children: New findings from a case-control study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171881. [PMID: 28212424 PMCID: PMC5315394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Central nervous system tumors (CNS) are the most frequent solid tumor in children. Causes of CNS tumors are mainly unknown and only 5% of the cases can be explained by genetic predisposition. We studied the effects of environmental exposure on the incidence of CNS tumors in children by subtype, according to exposure to industrial and/or urban environment, exposure to crops and according to socio-economic status of the child. Methods We carried out a population-based case-control study of CNS tumors in Spain, covering 714 incident cases collected from the Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumors (period 1996–2011) and 4284 controls, individually matched by year of birth, sex, and autonomous region of residence. We built a covariate to approximate the exposure to industrial and/or urban environment and a covariate for the exposure to crops (GCI) using the coordinates of the home addresses of the children. We used the 2001 Census to obtain information about socio-economic status (SES). We fitted logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results The results for all CNS tumors showed an excess risk (OR = 1.37; 95%CI = 1.09–1.73) for SES, i.e., children living in the least deprived areas had 37% more risk of CNS tumor than children living in the most deprived areas. For GCI, an increase of 10% in crop surface in the 1-km buffer around the residence implied an increase of 22% in the OR (OR = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.15–1.29). Children living in the intersection of industrial and urban areas could have a greater risk of CNS tumors than children who live outside these areas (OR = 1.20; 95%CI = 0.82–1.77). Living in urban areas (OR = 0.90; 95%CI = 0.65–1.24) or industrial areas (OR = 0.96; 95%CI = 0.81–1.77) did not seem to increase the risk for all CNS tumors together. By subtype, Astrocytomas, Intracranial and intraspinal embryonal tumors, and other gliomas showed similar results. Conclusion Our results suggest that higher socioeconomic status and exposure to crops could increase the risk of CNS tumors in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Ramis
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Tamayo-Uria
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Gómez-Barroso
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo López-Abente
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Morales-Piga
- Rare Disease Research Institute (IIER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Pardo Romaguera
- Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumors (RETI-SEHOP), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Sousa Da Silva E, Sarakha M, Burrows HD, Wong-Wah-Chung P. Decatungstate anion as an efficient photocatalytic species for the transformation of the pesticide 2-(1-naphthyl)acetamide in aqueous solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chen S, Gu S, Wang Y, Yao Y, Wang G, Jin Y, Wu Y. Exposure to pyrethroid pesticides and the risk of childhood brain tumors in East China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:1128-1134. [PMID: 27593355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure is hypothesized as one of the risk factors for the development of childhood brain tumors (CBT). This hospital-based case-control study evaluated the association of pyrethroid pesticide exposure with the risk for CBT in a children population in East China. In total, 161 CBT cases and 170 controls were recruited from 2 children's medical centers in Shanghai (Xinhua Hospital and Shanghai Children's Medical Center) between September 2012 and June 2015. The cases and controls were matched for age, sex, and province of residence. Pyrethroid pesticide exposure was evaluated by urinalysis of 3 nonspecific metabolites of pyrethroids (cis-DCCA, trans-DCCA, and 3-PBA) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) detection and by administering a questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression showed that trans-DCCA, 3-PBA, and total metabolites (sum of the 3 metabolites) were positively associated with the increased risk of CBT. Children in the highest quartile had a nearly 3-fold increased risk of CBT compared with those in the lowest quartile after adjusting for confounding factors (trans-DCCA, odds ratio (OR) = 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.38-4.80, p = 0.003; 3-PBA, OR = 3.26, 95% CI, 1.73-6.14, p < 0.0001; total metabolites, OR = 3.60, 95% CI, 1.87-6.93, p < 0.0001). We also found that exposure to both mosquitocide and cockroach killer was related to the increased risk of CBT (mosquitocide, OR = 1.68, 95% CI, 1.06-2.67, p = 0.027; cockroach killer, OR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.13-2.95, p = 0.013). These findings indicate that exposure to pyrethroid pesticides might be associated with increased risk of CBT. Prospective cohort studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Gu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yongliang Yao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeming Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China.
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Febvey O, Schüz J, Bailey HD, Clavel J, Lacour B, Orsi L, Lightfoot T, Roman E, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Olsson A. Risk of Central Nervous System Tumors in Children Related to Parental Occupational Pesticide Exposures in three European Case-Control Studies. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58:1046-1052. [PMID: 27525525 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the risk of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumors associated with parental occupational pesticide exposure. METHODS We pooled three population-based case-control studies from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Cases were children below 15 years of age with CNS tumors; controls were matched by gender and age. A general population job-exposure matrix assessed parental occupational pesticide exposure. Logistic regressions estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The study included 1361 cases and 5498 controls. Prevalence of maternal occupational pesticide exposure during pregnancy was low and no association with childhood CNS tumors was detected (OR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.41 to 1.41). Around conception, OR for childhood CNS tumors associated with paternal occupational pesticide exposure was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.53 to 0.95). CONCLUSION Our results do not suggest a role of parental occupational pesticide exposure in the etiology of childhood CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Febvey
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and Radiation, Lyon (Febvey, Drs Schüz, Bailey, Olsson); Institut National de la Santé (INSERM) U1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif (Drs Bailey, Clavel, Lacour, Orsi); Paris-Descartes University, UMRS-1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS) (Drs Bailey, Clavel, Lacour, Orsi); RNCE - National Registry of Childhood Cancers, Villejuif (Dr Clavel); RNCE - National Registry of Childhood Cancers, Nancy, France (Dr Lacour); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK (Drs Lightfoot, Roman); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University (Drs Vermeulen, Kromhout); Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands (Dr Vermeulen); and The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Olsson)
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Agricultural crop exposure and risk of childhood cancer: new findings from a case-control study in Spain. Int J Health Geogr 2016; 15:18. [PMID: 27240621 PMCID: PMC4886455 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-016-0047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood cancer is the main cause of disease-related death in children in Spain. Although little is known about the etiology, environmental factors are potential explanations for a fraction of the cases. Previous studies have shown pesticides to be associated with childhood cancer. The difficulty of collecting personal environmental exposure data is an important limitation; this lack of information about pesticides motivates the development of new methods to subrogate this exposure. We developed a crop exposure index based on geographic information to study the relationship between exposure to different types of crops and risk of childhood tumors. Methods We conducted a population-based case–control study of childhood cancer covering 3350 cases and 20,365 controls in two Spanish regions. We used CORINE Land Cover to obtain data about agricultural land use. We created a 1 km buffer around every child and calculated the percentage of crop surface within the buffer (Global Crop Index) for total crops and for individual types of crops. We fitted mixed multiple unconditional logistic regression models by diagnostic group. Results We found excess of risk among children living in the proximity of crops. For total crops our results showed excesses of risk for almost all diagnostic groups and increasing risk with increasing crop index value. Analyses by region and individual type of crop also showed excess of risk. Conclusion The results suggest that living in the proximity of cultivated land could be a risk factor for several types of cancer in children.
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García-Pérez J, Morales-Piga A, Gómez J, Gómez-Barroso D, Tamayo-Uria I, Pardo Romaguera E, Fernández-Navarro P, López-Abente G, Ramis R. Association between residential proximity to environmental pollution sources and childhood renal tumors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 147:405-14. [PMID: 26950029 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few risk factors for childhood renal tumors are well established. While a small fraction of cases might be attributable to susceptibility genes and congenital anomalies, the role of environmental factors needs to be assessed. OBJECTIVES To explore the possible association between residential proximity to environmental pollution sources (industrial and urban areas, and agricultural crops) and childhood renal cancer, taking into account industrial groups and toxic substances released. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study of childhood renal cancer in Spain, including 213 incident cases gathered from the Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumors (period 1996-2011), and 1278 controls individually matched by year of birth, sex, and region of residence. Distances were computed from the respective subject's residences to the 1271 industries, the 30 urban areas with ≥75,000 inhabitants, and the agricultural crops located in the study area. Using logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for categories of distance to pollution sources were calculated, with adjustment for matching variables and socioeconomic confounders. RESULTS Excess risk (OR; 95%CI) of childhood renal tumors was observed for children living near (≤2.5km) industrial installations as a whole (1.97; 1.13-3.42) - particularly glass and mineral fibers (2.69; 1.19-6.08), galvanization (2.66; 1.14-6.22), hazardous waste (2.59; 1.25-5.37), ceramic (2.35; 1.06-5.21), surface treatment of metals (2.25; 1.24-4.08), organic chemical industry (2.22; 1.15-4.26), food and beverage sector (2.19; 1.18-4.07), urban and waste-water treatment plants (2.14; 1.07-4.30), and production and processing of metals (1.98; 1.03-3.82) -, and in the proximity of agricultural crops (3.16; 1.54-8.89 for children with percentage of crop surface ≥24.35% in a 1-km buffer around their residences). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides some epidemiological evidence that living near certain industrial areas and agricultural crops may be a risk factor for childhood renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Antonio Morales-Piga
- Rare Disease Research Institute (IIER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Gómez
- University Hospital "Infanta Leonor", Madrid, Spain.
| | - Diana Gómez-Barroso
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ibon Tamayo-Uria
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elena Pardo Romaguera
- Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumors (RETI-SEHOP), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Gonzalo López-Abente
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Rebeca Ramis
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
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Bailey HD, Infante-Rivard C, Metayer C, Clavel J, Lightfoot T, Kaatsch P, Roman E, Magnani C, Spector LG, Petridou E, Milne E, Dockerty JD, Miligi L, Armstrong BK, Rudant J, Fritschi L, Simpson J, Zhang L, Rondelli R, Baka M, Orsi L, Moschovi M, Kang AY, Schüz J. Home pesticide exposures and risk of childhood leukemia: Findings from the childhood leukemia international consortium. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2644-63. [PMID: 26061779 PMCID: PMC4572913 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Some previous studies have suggested that home pesticide exposure before birth and during a child's early years may increase the risk of childhood leukemia. To further investigate this, we pooled individual level data from 12 case-control studies in the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. Exposure data were harmonized into compatible formats. Pooled analyses were undertaken using multivariable unconditional logistic regression. The odds ratio (ORs) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) associated with any pesticide exposure shortly before conception, during pregnancy and after birth were 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25, 1.55) (using 2,785 cases and 3,635 controls), 1.43 (95% CI: 1.32, 1.54) (5,055 cases and 7,370 controls) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.23, 1.51) (4,162 cases and 5,179 controls), respectively. Corresponding ORs for risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were 1.49 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.16) (173 cases and 1,789 controls), 1.55 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.99) (344 cases and 4,666 controls) and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.53) (198 cases and 2,655 controls), respectively. There was little difference by type of pesticide used. The relative similarity in ORs between leukemia types, time periods and pesticide types may be explained by similar exposure patterns and effects across the time periods in ALL and AML, participants' exposure to multiple pesticides, or recall bias. Although some recall bias is likely, until a better study design can be found to investigate the associations between home pesticide use and childhood leukemia in an equally large sample, it would appear prudent to limit the use of home pesticides before and during pregnancy, and during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen D Bailey
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and Radiation, Lyon, France
| | - Claire Infante-Rivard
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
| | - Catherine Metayer
- University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, United States
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm U1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers team (EPICEA), Villejuif, France
- Paris-Descartes University, UMRS-1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Paris, France
- RNHE - National Registry of Childhood cancers, Villejuif, France
| | - Tracy Lightfoot
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Kaatsch
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR) at the Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Eve Roman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Corrado Magnani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale – Universita` del Piemonte Orientale, AOU Maggiore della Carita` e CPO – Piemonte, Novara, Italy
| | - Logan G Spector
- Division of Epidemiology Clinical Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
- Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Eleni Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Milne
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - John D Dockerty
- Dean's Department and Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lucia Miligi
- ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Florence, Italy
| | - Bruce K Armstrong
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Jérémie Rudant
- Inserm U1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers team (EPICEA), Villejuif, France
- Paris-Descartes University, UMRS-1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Paris, France
- RNHE - National Registry of Childhood cancers, Villejuif, France
| | - Lin Fritschi
- Curtin University, School of Public Health, Perth, Australia
| | - Jill Simpson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Luoping Zhang
- University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, United States
| | - Roberto Rondelli
- Paediatric Haematology -Oncology, Lalla Seràgnoli, Policlinico Sant’Orsola Malpighi Bologna Italy
| | - Margarita Baka
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, ‘‘Pan.&Agl. Kyriakou’’ Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Laurent Orsi
- Inserm U1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers team (EPICEA), Villejuif, France
- Paris-Descartes University, UMRS-1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Maria Moschovi
- Hematology-Oncology Unit, First Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, ‘‘Aghia Sophia’’ General Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alice Y Kang
- University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, United States
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and Radiation, Lyon, France
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Booth BJ, Ward MH, Turyk ME, Stayner LT. Agricultural crop density and risk of childhood cancer in the midwestern United States: an ecologic study. Environ Health 2015; 14:82. [PMID: 26467084 PMCID: PMC4606898 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence for an association between agricultural pesticide exposure and certain types of childhood cancers. Numerous studies have evaluated exposure to pesticides and childhood cancer and found positive associations. However, few studies have examined the density of agricultural land use as a surrogate for residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and results are mixed. We examined the association of county level agricultural land use and the incidence of specific childhood cancers. METHODS We linked county-level agricultural census data (2002 and 2007) and cancer incidence data for children ages 0-4 diagnosed between 2004 and 2008 from cancer registries in six Midwestern states. Crop density (percent of county area that was harvested) was estimated for total agricultural land, barley, dry beans, corn, hay, oats, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets, and wheat. Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using generalized estimating equation Poisson regression models and were adjusted for race, sex, year of diagnosis, median household income, education, and population density. RESULTS We found statistically significant exposure-response relationships for dry beans and total leukemias (RR per 1% increase in crop density = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.14) and acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) (RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04-1.16); oats and acute myeloid leukemias (AML) (RR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.25, 3.28); and sugar beets and total leukemias (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.19) and ALL (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.21). State-level analyses revealed some additional positive associations for total leukemia and CNS tumors and differences among states for several crop density-cancer associations. However, some of these analyses were limited by low crop prevalence and low cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS Publicly available data sources not originally intended to be used for health research can be useful for generating hypotheses about environmental exposures and health outcomes. The associations observed in this study need to be confirmed by analytic epidemiologic studies using individual level exposure data and accounting for potential confounders that could not be taken into account in this ecologic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Booth
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Leslie T Stayner
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Abstract
Children interact with the physical environment differently than adults, and are uniquely susceptible to environmental toxicants. Routes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and target organ toxicities vary as children grow and develop. This article summarizes the sources of exposure and known adverse effects of toxicants that are ubiquitous in our environment, including tobacco smoke, ethanol, solvents, heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, persistent organic pollutants, and pesticides. Preventive strategies that may be used in counseling children and their families are highlighted.
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Zachek CM, Miller MD, Hsu C, Schiffman JD, Sallan S, Metayer C, Dahl GV. Children's Cancer and Environmental Exposures: Professional Attitudes and Practices. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015; 37:491-7. [PMID: 26334434 PMCID: PMC4571458 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies worldwide have provided substantial evidence of the contributions of environmental exposures to the development of childhood cancer, yet this knowledge has not been integrated into the routine practice of clinicians who care for children with this disease. To identify the basis of this deficit, we sought to assess the environmental history-taking behavior and perceptions of environmental health among pediatric hematologists and oncologists. PROCEDURE A web-based survey was sent from June to October 2012 to 427 pediatric oncologists, fellows, and nurse practitioners from 20 US institutions, with an overall response rate of 45%. RESULTS Survey responses indicated that environmental exposures are of concern to clinicians. The vast majority of respondents (88%) reported receiving questions from families about the relationship between certain environmental exposures and the cancers they regularly treat. However, a lack of comfort with these topics seems to have limited their discussions with families about the role of environmental exposures in childhood cancer pathogenesis. Although 77% of respondents suspected that some of the cases they saw had an environmental origin, their methods of taking environmental histories varied widely. Over 90% of respondents believed that more knowledge of the associations between environmental exposures and childhood cancer would be helpful in addressing these issues with patients. CONCLUSIONS Although limited in size and representativeness of participating institutions, the results of this survey indicate a need for increased training for hematology/oncology clinicians about environmental health exposures related to cancer and prompt translation of emerging research findings in biomedical journals that clinicians read.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Zachek
- Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Mark D. Miller
- Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley
| | | | - Joshua D. Schiffman
- Department of Pediatrics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Catherine Metayer
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley
| | - Gary V. Dahl
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Chen M, Chang CH, Tao L, Lu C. Residential Exposure to Pesticide During Childhood and Childhood Cancers: A Meta-Analysis. Pediatrics 2015; 136:719-29. [PMID: 26371195 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT There is an increasing concern about chronic low-level pesticide exposure during childhood and its influence on childhood cancers. OBJECTIVE In this meta-analysis, we aimed to examine associations between residential childhood pesticide exposures and childhood cancers. DATA SOURCES We searched all observational studies published in PubMed before February 2014 and reviewed reference sections of articles derived from searches. STUDY SELECTION The literature search yielded 277 studies that met inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Sixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. We calculated effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by using a random effect model with inverse variance weights. RESULTS We found that childhood exposure to indoor but not outdoor residential insecticides was associated with a significant increase in risk of childhood leukemia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.26-1.72; I(2) = 30%) and childhood lymphomas (OR = 1.43; 95% CI, 1.15-1.78; I(2) = 0%). A significant increase in risk of leukemia was also associated with herbicide exposure (OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.10-1.44; I(2) = 0%). Also observed was a positive but not statistically significant association between childhood home pesticide or herbicide exposure and childhood brain tumors. LIMITATIONS The small number of studies included in the analysis represents a major limitation of the current analysis. CONCLUSIONS Results from this meta-analysis indicated that children exposed to indoor insecticides would have a higher risk of childhood hematopoietic cancers. Additional research is needed to confirm the association between residential indoor pesticide exposures and childhood cancers. Meanwhile, preventive measures should be considered to reduce children's exposure to pesticides at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chi-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chensheng Lu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Deziel NC, Colt JS, Kent EE, Gunier RB, Reynolds P, Booth B, Metayer C, Ward MH. Associations between self-reported pest treatments and pesticide concentrations in carpet dust. Environ Health 2015; 14:27. [PMID: 25889489 PMCID: PMC4374193 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent meta-analyses demonstrate an association between self-reported residential pesticide use and childhood leukemia risk. Self-reports may suffer from recall bias and provide information only on broad pesticide categories. We compared parental self-reported home and garden pest treatments to pesticides measured in carpet dust. METHODS Parents of 277 children with leukemia and 306 controls in Northern and Central California (2001-2007) were asked about insect and weed treatments during the previous year. Carpet dust samples were analyzed for 47 pesticides. We present results for the 7 insecticides (carbaryl, propoxur, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, permethrin), 5 herbicides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D], chlorthal, dicamba, mecoprop, simazine), and 1 synergist (piperonyl butoxide) that were present in home and garden products during the study period and were detected in ≥25% of carpet dust samples. We constructed linear regression models for the relative change in pesticide concentrations associated with self-reported treatment of pest types in cases and controls separately and combined, adjusting for demographics, housing characteristics, and nearby agricultural pesticide applications. RESULTS Several self-reported treatments were associated with pesticide concentrations in dust. For example, households with flea/tick treatments had 2.3 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.4, 3.7) times higher permethrin concentrations than households not reporting this treatment. Households reporting treatment for ants/cockroaches had 2.5 (95% CI: 1.5, 4.2) times higher cypermethrin levels than households not reporting this treatment. Weed treatment by a household member was associated with 1.9 (1.4, 2.6), 2.2 (1.6, 3.1), and 2.8 (2.1, 3.7) times higher dust concentrations of dicamba, mecoprop, and 2,4-D, respectively. Weed treatments by professional applicators were null/inversely associated with herbicide concentrations in dust. Associations were generally similar between cases and controls and were consistent with pesticide active ingredients in these products during the study time period. CONCLUSIONS Consistency between self-reported pest treatments, concentrations in dust, and pesticides in products lends credibility to the exposure assessment methods and suggests that differential recall by case-control status is minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Deziel
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 60 College St., New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Joanne S Colt
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Erin E Kent
- Outcomes Research Branch, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Robert B Gunier
- School of Public Health, University of California, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Peggy Reynolds
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Ave., Fremont, CA, 94538, USA.
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Benjamin Booth
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Catherine Metayer
- School of Public Health, University of California, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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Ajrouche R, Rudant J, Orsi L, Petit A, Baruchel A, Lambilliotte A, Gambart M, Michel G, Bertrand Y, Ducassou S, Gandemer V, Paillard C, Saumet L, Blin N, Hémon D, Clavel J. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and indicators of early immune stimulation: the Estelle study (SFCE). Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1017-26. [PMID: 25675150 PMCID: PMC4366894 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Factors related to early stimulation of the immune system (breastfeeding, proxies for exposure to infectious agents, normal delivery, and exposure to animals in early life) have been suggested to decrease the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Methods: The national registry-based case–control study, ESTELLE, was carried out in France in 2010–2011. Population controls were frequency matched with cases on age and gender. The participation rates were 93% for cases and 86% for controls. Data were obtained from structured telephone questionnaires administered to mothers. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using unconditional regression models adjusted for age, gender, and potential confounders. Results: In all, 617 ALL and 1225 controls aged ⩾1 year were included. Inverse associations between ALL and early common infections (OR=0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6, 1.0), non-first born (⩾3 vs 1; OR=0.7, 95% CI: 0.5, 1.0), attendance of a day-care centre before age 1 year (OR=0.7, 95% CI: 0.5, 1.0), breastfeeding (OR=0.8, 95% CI: 0.7, 1.0), and regular contact with pets (OR=0.8, 95% CI: 0.7, 1.0) in infancy were observed. Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that conditions promoting the maturation of the immune system in infancy have a protective role with respect to ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ajrouche
- 1] Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, CRESS, INSERM U1153, Villejuif, France [2] Paris-Sud University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - J Rudant
- 1] Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, CRESS, INSERM U1153, Villejuif, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France [3] RNHE-National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France
| | - L Orsi
- 1] Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, CRESS, INSERM U1153, Villejuif, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - A Petit
- 1] AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France [2] Université Paris 6 Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - A Baruchel
- 1] AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France [2] Université Paris 7, Paris, France
| | | | - M Gambart
- Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - G Michel
- AP-HM, Hôpital la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Y Bertrand
- Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - S Ducassou
- Hôpital Pellegrin Tripode, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - C Paillard
- Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Saumet
- Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - N Blin
- Hôpital Mère-Enfant, CHU-Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - D Hémon
- 1] Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, CRESS, INSERM U1153, Villejuif, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - J Clavel
- 1] Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, CRESS, INSERM U1153, Villejuif, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France [3] RNHE-National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France
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Zeljezic D, Bjelis M, Mladinic M. Evaluation of the mechanism of nucleoplasmic bridge formation due to premature telomere shortening in agricultural workers exposed to mixed pesticides: indication for further studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:45-51. [PMID: 24974313 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural workers are often exposed to high levels of pesticides over prolonged periods of time. We attempted to determine whether exposure to multiple pesticides shortens relative telomere length (RTL) and causes nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB) formation via the mechanism of telomere-end fusion in the lymphocytes of agricultural workers. For measuring RTL, we used quantitative fluorescent in situ hybridization, while NPB frequency was measured as part of the cytome assay. Multivariate analysis of variances taking into account confounding factors (age, gender, years of exposure, smoking, and alcohol intake) did not show a decrease, but rather an increase of RTL in agricultural workers compared to control individuals. In the exposed population, NPB frequency was significantly higher compared to controls (6 times, p<0.05). Multiple regression between NPB, RTL, and confounding factors was not significant. Using Spearman correlation, we did not find proof for our initial hypothesis. Our hypothesis that telomere shortening is a mechanism of NPB origin was not proven, indicating that telomere-end fusion is not a mechanism of NPB formation under our experimental conditions for agricultural workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Zeljezic
- Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Bjelis
- Economic High School Velika Gorica, Ulica Kralja Stjepana Tomaševića 21, 10410 Velika Gorica, Croatia
| | - Marin Mladinic
- Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Whitehead TP, Crispo Smith S, Park JS, Petreas MX, Rappaport SM, Metayer C. Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in California women's serum and residential dust. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 136:57-66. [PMID: 25460621 PMCID: PMC4262624 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans are exposed to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through various routes, including consumption of contaminated food and accidental ingestion of settled dust. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify key routes of exposure to organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in California women of reproductive age. METHODS Blood was collected from 48 mothers participating in the California Childhood Leukemia Study from 2006 to 2007 and analyzed for POPs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression models of natural-log transformed serum concentrations were used to identify determinants of exposure from available questionnaire information on dietary habits, reproductive history, and demographic characteristics, as well as vacuum cleaner dust-POP levels. RESULTS After adjusting for blood lipid levels, age, body mass index, cumulative lactation, and sampling date, serum concentrations of multiple major PCBs were positively associated with fish consumption, but not dust-PCB levels. After adjusting for blood lipid levels, Hispanic ethnicity, country of origin, and household annual income, serum concentrations of multiple major PBDEs were positively associated with dust-PBDE levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the relative contribution of specific exposure routes to total POP intake varies by chemical class, with dust being a relatively important source of PBDEs and diet being a relatively important source of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd P Whitehead
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Sabrina Crispo Smith
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA; Sequoia Foundation, 2166 Avenida De La Playa, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - June-Soo Park
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Myrto X Petreas
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Stephen M Rappaport
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Catherine Metayer
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Blair
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Catharina Wesseling
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Johnson KJ, Cullen J, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Ostrom QT, Langer CE, Turner MC, McKean-Cowdin R, Fisher JL, Lupo PJ, Partap S, Schwartzbaum JA, Scheurer ME. Childhood brain tumor epidemiology: a brain tumor epidemiology consortium review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2716-36. [PMID: 25192704 PMCID: PMC4257885 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood brain tumors are the most common pediatric solid tumor and include several histologic subtypes. Although progress has been made in improving survival rates for some subtypes, understanding of risk factors for childhood brain tumors remains limited to a few genetic syndromes and ionizing radiation to the head and neck. In this report, we review descriptive and analytical epidemiology childhood brain tumor studies from the past decade and highlight priority areas for future epidemiology investigations and methodological work that is needed to advance our understanding of childhood brain tumor causes. Specifically, we summarize the results of a review of studies published since 2004 that have analyzed incidence and survival in different international regions and that have examined potential genetic, immune system, developmental and birth characteristics, and environmental risk factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(12); 2716-36. ©2014 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Johnson
- Brown School Masters of Public Health Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jennifer Cullen
- American Childhood Cancer Organization, Kensington, Maryland
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Chelsea E Langer
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Carrer Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de la Mercè, Barcelona, Spain. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Carrer Casanova, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michelle C Turner
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Carrer Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de la Mercè, Barcelona, Spain. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Carrer Casanova, Barcelona, Spain. McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - James L Fisher
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sonia Partap
- Division of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Judith A Schwartzbaum
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Jin J, Yu M, Hu C, Ye L, Xie L, Jin J, Chen F, Tong H. Pesticide exposure as a risk factor for myelodysplastic syndromes: a meta-analysis based on 1,942 cases and 5,359 controls. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110850. [PMID: 25335083 PMCID: PMC4204937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pesticide exposure has been linked to increased risk of cancer at several sites, but its association with risk of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is still unclear. A meta-analysis of studies published through April, 2014 was performed to investigate the association of pesticide exposure with the risk of MDS. METHODS Studies were identified by searching the Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases. Summary odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effect models. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 11 case-control studies, all of which demonstrated a correlation between pesticide exposure and a statistically significant increased risk of MDS (OR=1.95, 95% CI 1.23-3.09). In subgroup analyses, patients with pesticide exposure had increased risk of developing MDS if they were living in the Europe or Asia and had refractory anemia (RA) or RA with ringed sideroblasts (RARS). Moreover, in the analysis by specific pesticides, increased risk was associated with exposure to insecticides (OR=1.71, 95% CI 1.22-2.40) but not exposure to herbicides or fungicides. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that exposure to pesticides increases the risk of developing MDS. Further prospective cohort studies are warranted to verify the association and guide clinical practice in MDS prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Yu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Xie
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Myelodysplastic syndromes diagnosis and therapy center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Koutroulakis D, Sifakis S, Tzatzarakis M, Alegakis A, Theodoropoulou E, Kavvalakis M, Kappou D, Tsatsakis A. Dialkyl phosphates in amniotic fluid as a biomarker of fetal exposure to organophosphates in Crete, Greece; association with fetal growth. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 46:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Miranda Filho AL, Koifman RJ, Koifman S, Monteiro TRG. Brain cancer mortality in an agricultural and a metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a population-based, age-period-cohort study, 1996-2010. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:320. [PMID: 24884498 PMCID: PMC4019359 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who live in rural areas are at greater risk for brain cancer, and pesticide exposure may contribute to this increased risk. The aims of this research were to analyze the mortality trends and to estimate the age-period-cohort effects on mortality rates from brain cancer in two regions in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS This descriptive study examined brain cancer mortality patterns in individuals of both sexes, >19 years of age, who died between 1996 and 2010. They were residents of a rural (Serrana) or a non-rural (Metropolitan) area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We estimated mortality trends using Joinpoint Regression analysis. Age-period-cohort models were estimated using Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS The estimated annual percentage change in mortality caused by brain cancer was 3.8% in the Serrana Region (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8-5.6) and -0.2% (95% CI: -1.2-0.7) in the Metropolitan Region. The results indicated that the relative risk was higher in the rural region for the more recent birth cohorts (1954 and later). Compared with the reference birth cohort (1945-49, Serrana Region), the relative risk was four times higher for individuals born between 1985 and 1989. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that there is an increasing trend in brain cancer mortality rates in the rural Serrana Region in Brazil. A cohort effect occurred in the birth cohorts born in this rural area after 1954. At the ecological level, different environmental factors, especially the use of pesticides, may explain regional disparities in the mortality patterns from brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Luiz Miranda Filho
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio Koifman
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Torres Rego Gina Monteiro
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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