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Lee SH, Kim AR, Lee J. Effects of noise exposure on stress hormone changes during task performance in young Korean men: quasi-experimental study. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:605-615. [PMID: 38721994 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2352122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested that noise exposure might be associated with changes in stress hormone levels. However, quantitative evidence for these effects in humans is rare and remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of exposure to noise and its different levels on stress hormone changes in task performance. Quasi-experimental noise exposure environment was established for 90 male university student volunteers in their twenties, and each was exposed to different noise levels during task performance. The stress hormones tested included cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adrenaline, and noradrenaline. A one-way ANOVA was performed to investigate differences in hormone levels measured in the three groups according to the noise exposure levels (35, 45, or 75 dB). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to adjust for confounding factors that might affect hormone levels. After adjusting for confounders, significant exposure-dependent differences were found in hormone levels in salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, serum ACTH, and serum adrenaline. The amount of hormonal increase in 75 dB exposure group compared to 35 or 45 dB groups was detected. Similar results were also seen in the rate of change analysis. Our findings indicate that short-term noise exposure during task performance elevates stress hormone levels. Further, the extent of stress hormone alterations varies with noise exposure levels. Changes in hormone levels are an objective measure that may be used to identify health effects and stress responses in various noise environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - A-Ram Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
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2
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Ren C, Carrillo ND, Cryns VL, Anderson RA, Chen M. Environmental pollutants and phosphoinositide signaling in autoimmunity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133080. [PMID: 38091799 PMCID: PMC10923067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution stands as one of the most critical challenges affecting human health, with an estimated mortality rate linked to pollution-induced non-communicable diseases projected to range from 20% to 25%. These pollutants not only disrupt immune responses but can also trigger immunotoxicity. Phosphoinositide signaling, a pivotal regulator of immune responses, plays a central role in the development of autoimmune diseases and exhibits high sensitivity to environmental stressors. Among these stressors, environmental pollutants have become increasingly prevalent in our society, contributing to the initiation and exacerbation of autoimmune conditions. In this review, we summarize the intricate interplay between phosphoinositide signaling and autoimmune diseases within the context of environmental pollutants and contaminants. We provide an up-to-date overview of stress-induced phosphoinositide signaling, discuss 14 selected examples categorized into three groups of environmental pollutants and their connections to immune diseases, and shed light on the associated phosphoinositide signaling pathways. Through these discussions, this review advances our understanding of how phosphoinositide signaling influences the coordinated immune response to environmental stressors at a biological level. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights into potential research directions and therapeutic targets aimed at mitigating the impact of environmental pollutants on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. SYNOPSIS: Phosphoinositide signaling at the intersection of environmental pollutants and autoimmunity provides novel insights for managing autoimmune diseases aggravated by pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Noah D Carrillo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Vincent L Cryns
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Richard A Anderson
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Solis-Angeles S, Del Razo LM, Aguilar-Madrid G, Jiménez-Ramírez C, Coco L, Cabello-López A, Juárez-Pérez CA. Occupational Lead Exposure Ototoxicity Evaluated With Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions. Ear Hear 2024; 45:329-336. [PMID: 37700446 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the extent of hearing loss among pottery workers in Mexico exposed to lead. DESIGN The authors conducted a cross-sectional study including 315 adult pottery workers. Auditory function was evaluated by air conduction pure-tone audiometry (pure-tone average) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) levels (amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio). Lead exposure was assessed with a single blood sample test and classified as low, medium, and high according to blood lead tertiles. Logistic regression models were calculated for the association between blood lead levels, pure-tone average, and DPOAE records. RESULTS Median (25th-75th) blood lead levels were 14 μg/dL (7.5-22.6 μg/dL). The audiometric pattern and DPOAE records were similar across blood lead levels groups in all frequencies, and no statistically significant differences were found. Adjusted logistic regression models showed no increase in the odds for hearing thresholds >25 dB (HL) and DPOAE absence associated with blood lead levels, and no dose-response pattern was observed ( p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Given the results from this cross-sectional study, no association was found between blood lead levels and hearing loss assessed with DPOAE. Future longitudinal work should consider chronic lead exposure estimates among underrepresented populations, which can potentially inform safer work practices to minimize the risk of ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Solis-Angeles
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz María Del Razo
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmina Jiménez-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínico, Hospital de Traumatología "Dr. Victorio De la Fuente Narváez," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Coco
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Alejandro Cabello-López
- Unidad de Investigación de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cuauhtémoc Arturo Juárez-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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Yang L, Gutierrez DE, Guthrie OW. Systemic health effects of noise exposure. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2024; 27:21-54. [PMID: 37957800 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2023.2280837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Noise, any unwanted sound, is pervasive and impacts large populations worldwide. Investigators suggested that noise exposure not only induces auditory damage but also produces various organ system dysfunctions. Although previous reviews primarily focused on noise-induced cardiovascular and cerebral dysfunctions, this narrow focus has unintentionally led the research community to disregard the importance of other vital organs. Indeed, limited studies revealed that noise exposure impacts other organs including the liver, kidneys, pancreas, lung, and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the aim of this review was to examine the effects of noise on both the extensively studied organs, the brain and heart, but also determine noise impact on other vital organs. The goal was to illustrate a comprehensive understanding of the systemic effects of noise. These systemic effects may guide future clinical research and epidemiological endpoints, emphasizing the importance of considering noise exposure history in diagnosing various systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Cell & Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel E Gutierrez
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - O'neil W Guthrie
- Cell & Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
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Schneider JS. Neurotoxicity and Outcomes from Developmental Lead Exposure: Persistent or Permanent? ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:85002. [PMID: 37639477 PMCID: PMC10461788 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood lead poisoning remains an important public health issue in the United States, as well as elsewhere in the world. Although primary prevention is a major goal and it is critically important to keep children from getting poisoned, it is also important to explore ways to reduce the neurotoxic effects of lead in those children already poisoned. Whether lead-induced neurotoxicity and its related adverse outcomes are viewed as "permanent" or "persistent" may influence the way in which potential remediation efforts are considered for improving outcomes from childhood lead poisoning. OBJECTIVES The objective of this commentary was to discuss the ideas of permanence and persistence in relation to the direct neurotoxic effects of lead on the brain and the resulting adverse outcomes from these effects. Recent new insights regarding potential mitigation of lead-induced neurotoxic effects on brain and behavior are considered along with clinical information on neurorehabilitation to suggest potential strategies for improving cognitive/behavioral outcomes in lead-poisoned children. DISCUSSION The distinction between permanent and persistent in regard to lead-induced neurotoxicity and its resulting outcomes may have broad implications for public health policies in response to the problem of childhood lead exposure. The term permanent implies that the damage is irreversible with little chance of improvement. However, there is evidence that at least some of the adverse cognitive/behavioral outcomes from lead exposure are persistent rather than permanent and potentially amenable, under the appropriate circumstances, to some level of mitigation. This author recommends that clinical, interventional research efforts be devoted to exploring optimal neurorehabilitative and enrichment conditions to stimulate plasticity and enhance functioning to determine the extent to which promising results from preclinical studies of lead-induced brain damage and the mitigation of these effects can be successfully translated to humans. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12371.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay S. Schneider
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Liang M, Guo X, Ding X, Song Q, Wang H, Li N, Su W, Liang Q, Sun Y. Combined effects of multiple metals on hearing loss: A Bayesian kernel machine regression approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114279. [PMID: 36368114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to heavy elements is considered one of the risks of hearing loss. The combined effect of multiple metals on different hearing losses has not been extensively studied. METHODS This study deals with the association between different metals (Ba, Cd, Co, Cs, Mo, Pb, Mn, Sn, Sb, Tl, W) and hearing loss in the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Associations were estimated by a generalized linear regression model (GLM) adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, educational level, marital status, drinking status, hypertension, diabetes, smoking status, noise exposure, body mass index, and income-poverty ratio. The joint effects of mixed exposure were assessed by weighted quantile sum (WQS) model and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The effect of multiple metals on speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) was further calculated. The odds ratio (OR) indicates the risk of every metal exposure. RESULTS A total of 2205 adult participants were enrolled from NHANES. Cd, Pb, Sb and Sn had significant effects on total hearing loss. The WQS model found that mixed exposure to heavy elements was significantly positively associated with total hearing loss (OR: 1.136; 95% CI: 1.031, 1.253) after adjusting for various covariates. The ORs of mixed exposure in the SFHL and HFHL groups were 1.066 (95% CI: 0.994, 1.143) and 1.102 (95% CI: 1.013, 1.199), respectively. BKMR found a significant positive association between multiple metals and hearing loss. The results showed that there may be potential interactions between Cd, Pb and other metals. CONCLUSIONS Multiple metals have joint effects on hearing loss in the United States. The findings provide practitioners with important scientific evidence for possible interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qiuxia Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wanying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qiwei Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China.
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Rosati R, Birbeck JA, Westrick J, Jamesdaniel S. Lead exposure induces nitrative stress and disrupts ribbon synapses in the cochlea. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:934630. [PMID: 35966014 PMCID: PMC9363696 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.934630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposure to heavy metal lead, a public health hazard in many post-industrial cities, causes hearing impairment upon long-term exposure. Lead-induced cochlear and vestibular dysfunction is well-documented in animal models. Although short-term exposure to lead at concentrations relevant to environmental settings does not cause significant shifts in hearing thresholds in adults, moderate- to low-level lead exposures induce neuronal damage and synaptic dysfunction. We reported that lead exposure induces oxidative stress in the mouse cochlea. However, lead-induced nitrative stress and potential damage to cochlear ribbon synapses are yet to be fully understood. Therefore, this study has evaluated cochlear synaptopathy and nitrative stress in young-adult mice exposed to 2 mM lead acetate for 28 days. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis indicated that this exposure significantly increased the blood lead levels. Assessment of hair cell loss by immunohistochemistry analysis and outer hair cell (OHC) activity by recording distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) indicated that the structure and function of the hair cells were not affected by lead exposure. However, this exposure significantly decreased the expression of C-terminal-binding protein-2 (CtBP2) and GluA2, pre- and post-synaptic protein markers in the inner hair cell synapses, particularly in the basal turn of the organ of Corti, suggesting lead-induced disruption of ribbon synapses. In addition, lead exposure significantly increased the nitrotyrosine levels in spiral ganglion cells, suggesting lead-induced nitrative stress in the cochlea. Collectively, these findings suggest that lead exposure even at levels that do not affect the OHCs induces cochlear nitrative stress and causes cochlear synaptopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rosati
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Johnna A. Birbeck
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Judy Westrick
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Samson Jamesdaniel
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Samson Jamesdaniel,
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8
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Guthrie OW, Wong BA, McInturf SM, Mattie DR. Degenerate brainstem circuitry after combined physiochemical exposure to jet fuel and noise. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:175-183. [PMID: 34913848 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1980166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Degenerate neural circuits exhibit "different" circuit properties yet produce similar circuit outcomes (many-to-one) which ensures circuit robustness and complexity. However, neuropathies may hijack degeneracy to yield robust and complex pathological circuits. The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that physiochemical exposure to combined jet fuel and noise might induce degeneracy in the brainstem. The auditory brainstem of pigmented rats was used as a model system. The animals were randomized into the following experimental groups: Fuel+Noise, fuel-only, noise-only, and control. Ascending volume conductance from various auditory brainstem regions were evaluated simultaneously with peripheral nervous system (PNS) input to brainstem circuitry. Data demonstrated normal PNS inputs for all groups. However, the Fuel+Noise exposure group produced different caudal brainstem circuit properties while rostral brainstem circuitry initiated outputs that were similar to that of control. This degenerative effect was specific to Fuel+Noise exposure, since neither noise-alone or fuel-alone produced the same result. Degeneracy in the auditory brainstem is consistent with perceptual abnormalities, such as poor speech discrimination (hear but not understand), tinnitus (ringing in the ear), hyperacusis (hypersensitivity to even low-level sound), and loudness intolerance. Therefore, a potential consequence of Fuel+Noise exposure among military and civilian populations may be evidenced as increased rates of super-threshold auditory perceptual abnormalities. This is particularly important because to date, the ototoxic profile of Fuel+Noise exposure has remained unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- O'neil W Guthrie
- Cell & Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Brian A Wong
- Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (Orise), Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Shawn M McInturf
- Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
| | - David R Mattie
- 711 Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
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Jahan Toma N, Anwar S, Kabir T, Hosen MJ. Lead and lead-arsenic combined exposure induces mortality and developmental impairments in zebrafish embryos: a study using wild-caught zebrafish from Bangladesh. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2833-2842. [PMID: 34747291 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1996594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity has become a global health burden, exerting various physiological effects on aquatic animals and humans. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a real-time model system for toxicological study. We previously reported the effects of arsenic on the embryonic development of zebrafish. The current study aimed to get deep insights into the toxic effects of another heavy metal, lead, on the early embryonic development of wild-caught zebrafish. We exposed freshly collected zebrafish embryos to different lead concentrations and studied different developmental and morphological changes using an inverted microscope. In a separate experiment, embryos were exposed to a combination of lead and arsenic to evaluate the combined effects of the elements. Lead concentration of as low as 0.25 mM resulted in developmental and morphological abnormalities in the zebrafish embryos. Exposure to different concentrations (0.25 mM, 0.5 mM, and 0.75 mM) caused a higher mortality rate of the embryos. Besides, an increased rate of arrested hatching, irregularities in size and shape of the yolk sac, deformed otic vesicle, and body curvature were observed in a dose-dependent manner. Lead exposure also resulted in reduced heart rate and severe pericardial edema. The combined effect of minimum concentrations of lead and arsenic that causes toxicity individually (0.25 mM and 1.0 mM, respectively) revealed a more severe effect than the individual treatments. This study's findings explain the association of heavy metal exposure with an increased rate of miscarriage/abortion incidences in highly polluted areas assisting in proper management and creating public awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Jahan Toma
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Saeed Anwar
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Kabir
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jakir Hosen
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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Carlson K, Basu N, Fobil JN, Neitzel RL. Metal Exposures, Noise Exposures, and Audiometry from E-Waste Workers in Agbogbloshie, Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9639. [PMID: 34574563 PMCID: PMC8470926 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Metals, such as lead, may be ototoxic, but this property is not well understood, especially in conjunction with noise. This cross-sectional study investigated hearing, noise, and metal biomarkers in informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling workers in Accra, Ghana. Workers (N = 58) participated in audiometric testing, a survey, blood collection, and personal noise dosimetry. Sixty percent of participants displayed audiometric notches indicative of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Most workers (86%) reported high noise while working. Daily average noise levels were in the range 74.4-90.0 dBA. Linear regression models indicated participants who lived at Agbogbloshie Market for longer periods were significantly associated with worse hearing thresholds at 4 and 6 kHz. The models did not identify blood levels of lead, mercury, or cadmium as significant predictors of worse hearing thresholds or larger noise notches, but increased levels of selenium were significantly associated with better hearing at 6 kHz. Models of thresholds at 4 and 6 kHz were improved by including an interaction term between the maximum noise exposure and the level of zinc in whole blood, suggesting that zinc may protect hearing at lower noise levels, but not at higher levels. Further study of the relationships between elements, noise, and NIHL is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystin Carlson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA;
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | - Julius N. Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG13, Ghana;
| | - Richard L. Neitzel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA;
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11
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Li HB, Ning H, Li SW, Li J, Xue RY, Li MY, Wang MY, Liang JH, Juhasz AL, Ma LQ. An interlaboratory evaluation of the variability in arsenic and lead relative bioavailability when assessed using a mouse bioassay. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:593-607. [PMID: 33952142 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1919947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Animal bioassays have been developed to estimate oral relative bioavailability (RBA) of metals in soil, dust, or food for accurate health risk assessment. However, the comparability in RBA estimates from different labs remains largely unclear. Using 12 soil and soil-like standard reference materials (SRMs), this study investigated variability in lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) RBA estimates employing a mouse bioassay in 3 labs at Nanjing University, University of Jinan, and Shandong Normal University. Two performances of the bioassay at Nanjing University in 2019 and 2020 showed reproducible Pb and As RBA estimates, but increasing the number of mouse replicates in 2020 produced more precise RBA measurements. Although there were inter-lab variations in diet consumption rate and metal accumulation in mouse liver and kidneys following SRM ingestion due to differences in diet composition, bioassays at 3 labs in 2019 yielded overall similar Pb and As RBA estimates for the 12 SRMs with strong linear correlations between each 2 of the 3 labs for Pb (R2 = 0.95-0.98 and slope = 0.85-1.02) and As RBA outcomes (R2 = 0.46-0.86 and slope = 0.56-0.79). The consistency in RBA estimates was attributed to the relative nature of the final bioavailability outcome, which might overcome the inter-lab variation in diet consumption and metal uptake in mice. These results increased the confidence of use of mouse bioassays in bioavailability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Wei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Yue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Albert L Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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12
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Solis-Angeles S, Juárez-Pérez CA, Jiménez-Ramírez C, Cabello-López A, Aguilar-Madrid G, Del Razo LM. Prestin and otolin-1 proteins in the hearing loss of adults chronically exposed to lead. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 426:115651. [PMID: 34273409 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies in animal models and humans suggest that exposure to lead is associated with hearing loss. Lead can reach the inner ear through the blood circulation; evidence suggests that lead could accumulate in the inner ear, causing inner ear damage. AIM To evaluate prestin and otolin-1 protein levels and their relationship with an increased hearing threshold in participants exposed to lead. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 315 participants from Tlaxcala, Mexico. Blood lead levels (BPb) were evaluated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Serum prestin and otolin-1 were quantified using ELISA. Auditory function at frequencies of 0.125 to 8 kHz was evaluated in a soundproof chamber. RESULTS Participants were classified according to BPb: group I (<10 μg/dL) had a median BPb of 6 μg/dL and prestin levels of 11.06 ng/mL. While participants in group II (≥10 μg/dL) had a median of BPb 20.7 μg/dL (p < 0.05) and prestin levels of 0.15 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Participants in both groups showed a normal hearing. Otolin-1 levels were higher for participants with normal hearing and lower for participants with hearing loss in both groups, p > 0.05. Multiple linear regression models predict an average decrease of 0.17 to 0.26 ng/mL in prestin levels per decibel increase for the frequencies evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Participants with high BPb showed an increase in hearing threshold, and prestin levels decreased proportionally to the hearing threshold increase. This is the first study to evaluate prestin as a potential biomarker for hearing damage, evaluated by audiometry, in participants with lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Solis-Angeles
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cuauhtémoc A Juárez-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmina Jiménez-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínico, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Traumatología "Dr. Victorio De la Fuente Narváez", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cabello-López
- Unidad de Investigación de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz M Del Razo
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico.
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13
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Blair M, Slagley J, Schaal NC. Effect of noise and ototoxicants on developing standard threshold shifts at a U.S. Air Force depot level maintenance facility. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2021; 18:323-333. [PMID: 34100693 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2021.1922693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Noise exposure has traditionally been considered the primary risk factor for hearing loss. However, ototoxicants commonly found in occupational settings could affect hearing loss independently, additively, or synergistically when combined with noise exposures. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the combined effect of metal and solvent ototoxicants, continuous noise, and impulse noise on hearing loss. Noise and ototoxicant exposure and pure-tone audiometry results were analyzed for U.S. Air Force personnel (n = 2,372) at a depot-level aircraft maintenance activity at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma. Eight similar exposure groups based on combinations of ototoxicant and noise exposure were created including: (1) Continuous noise (reference group); (2) Continuous noise + Impulse noise; (3) Metal exposures + Continuous noise; (4) Metal exposures + Continuous noise + Impulse noise; (5) Solvent exposure + Continuous noise; (6) Solvent exposures + Continuous noise + Impulse noise; (7) Metal exposure + Solvent exposures + Continuous noise; and (8) Metal exposure + Solvent exposures + Continuous noise + Impulse noise. Hearing loss was assessed at center octave band frequencies of 500-6,000 Hz and using National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Standard Threshold Shift (STS) criteria. Hearing changes were significantly worse at 2,000 Hz in the Metal exposure + Solvent exposure + Continuous noise group compared to the Continuous noise only reference group (p = 0.023). The Metal exposure + Solvent exposure + Continuous noise group had a significantly greater relative risk (RR) of 2.44; 95% CI [1.24, 4.83] for developing an STS at 2,000 Hz. While not statistically significant, the Solvent exposure + Continuous noise group had a RR of 2.32; 95%CI [1.00, 5.34] for developing an STS at 1,000 Hz. These results indicate that noise exposure may dominate hearing loss at ≥3,000 Hz while combined effects of concomitant exposure to ototoxic substances and noise are only noticeable at ≤2,000 Hz. These results also suggest combined exposures to ototoxicants and noise presents a greater hearing loss risk than just noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Blair
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
| | - Jeremy Slagley
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
| | - N Cody Schaal
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
- Environmental Health Effects Laboratory, Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
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14
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Shokoohi R, Khazaei M, Karami M, Seidmohammadi A, Berijani N, Khotanlou H, Torkshavand Z. The relationship between chronic exposure to arsenic through drinking water and hearing function in exposed population aged 10-49 years: A cross-sectional study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111939. [PMID: 33476847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been documented that arsenic has a potential risk to human health and identified as a risk factor for hearing impairment. However, there are few studies that confirm the ototoxic effect of arsenic, especially on the human auditory system. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the correlation between auditory thresholds at different frequencies (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 kHz) and arsenic levels in drinking water samples. A total of 240 people, divided into two equal groups: exposed and reference, were selected for the auditory tests. It should be noted that, at frequencies from 0.25 to 1 kHz, no hearing loss was observed in the both groups. Based on the results, no significant correlations (p > 0.05) were found between hearing thresholds and confounding variables including gender and BMI. However, smoking and age are known to be the main variables for hearing loss in univariate regression analysis. In the case of age, the hearing loss risk in the older participants was increased compared with the younger participants (4 kHz (OR =1.09; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13) and 8 kHz (OR =1.12; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.18)). Smoking habits had significant associations with hearing loss risk at 4 kHz (OR = 3.48; 95% CI: 1.47, 8.22) and 8 kHz (OR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.14, 7.95). The multivariate regression analysis showed that age, smoking status, and exposure to arsenic were significantly associated with increased risk of hearing loss. Moreover, no statistically significant correlation (p˃0.05) was observed between arsenic exposure and hearing loss in the logistic regression model compared to the reference group. These outcomes suggest that further investigation and cohort studies with a larger number of participants should be conducted to find an association between arsenic exposure and hearing loss in general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shokoohi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khazaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Karami
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolmotaleb Seidmohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nima Berijani
- Occupational Medicine Specialist, Sepehr Occupational Medicine Center, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hassan Khotanlou
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Torkshavand
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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15
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Hemmativaghef E. Exposure to lead, mercury, styrene, and toluene and hearing impairment: evaluation of dose-response relationships, regulations, and controls. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2020; 17:574-597. [PMID: 33275083 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2020.1842428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The risk of hearing loss from exposure to ototoxic chemicals is not reflected in occupational exposure limits and most jurisdictions. The aims of this research were to investigate dose-response relationships between exposure to lead, mercury, toluene, and styrene and hearing impairment based on current epidemiological evidence, conduct cross-jurisdictional comparisons, and investigate control measures for exposure to ototoxic chemicals. Ovid Medline and Ovid Embase databases were used to find relevant publications. A total of 86 epidemiological studies met the eligibility criteria for final evaluation. When significant associations between exposure and outcome were identified, exposure levels were evaluated to determine whether No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) and Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) could be identified. Cross-jurisdictional comparisons included the U.K., U.S., Canada, and Australia occupational health and safety legislations. The majority of lead (75%), styrene (74%), and toluene (77%) studies showed significantly increased risks of hearing loss from exposure to these substances, although numerous studies on toluene (70%) and styrene (16%) compared auditory function between "solvent mixture" or "noise and solvent mixture" exposed groups and controls and not necessarily on groups exposed to a single agent. Based on five studies, blood lead ranges of 1-1.99 μg/dL to 2.148-2.822 μg/dL were identified as NOAELs while blood lead levels of 2 μg/dL up to 2.823-26.507 μg/dL were identified as LOAELs for hearing loss. Except for general duty clauses, the U.S., Canadian, and Australian jurisdictions have set no enforceable regulations specific to ototoxic chemical exposures. A biological exposure index of 2 μg/dL is recommended for prevention of hearing impairment from lead exposure. Based on Safe Work Australia, noise exposure limits may be reduced to 80 dB(A) for 8 hr. Other recommendations include performing audiometric testing and controlling exposure through all routes of entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Hemmativaghef
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Lead and noise exposures at eight Chinese registered electronics recycling facilities. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 230:113611. [PMID: 32919138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess employees' exposure to lead and noise, and to recommend control strategies for reducing these exposures at eight registered electronics recycling facilities in Eastern China. Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (JSCDC) performed a walkthrough and review of health and safety programs during a first visit and conducted full-shift personal and area air monitoring for lead, as well as personal noise exposure measurements on a second visit. Monitoring was performed over two work shifts for a total of 168 employees. Results indicated that employees working at glass breaking and cathode ray tubes dismantling were overexposed both to noise and lead. Airborne lead concentration ranged from 0.1 to 148 μg/m3; and 4 of the 101 samples were above the Chinese permissible exposure limit of 50 μg/m3. Overexposures to lead involved cathode ray tubes dismantling and glass breaking. Employees working at plastics shredding and glass breaking areas were overexposed to noise. Full-shift time-weighted average noise levels ranged from 64 to 107 dBA; and 85 of the 123 samples were above the Chinese permissible exposure limit of 85 dBA. Control measures to reduce exposure to lead and noise, including improvements in their lead protection and hearing conservation programs, at these electronics recycling facilities were recommended.
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17
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Ohgami N, He T, Oshino-Negishi R, Gu Y, Li X, Kato M. A new method with an explant culture of the utricle for assessing the influence of exposure to low-frequency noise on the vestibule. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:215-218. [PMID: 32249697 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1746945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Health risks attributed to low-frequency noise (LFN) exposure are a serious global issue. Therefore, the development of a method for a prevention based upon risk assessments for LFN is important. Previously in vivo exposure of mice to LFN at 100 Hz, 95 dB for 1 hr produced imbalance with breakage of the otoconial membrane, which covers hair cells as well as impaired activity of hair cells in the vestibule. However, methods for inhibition of LFN-mediated imbalance have not been developed. At present, there are no apparent techniques available with in vitro or ex vivo assessments to evaluate LFN-mediated imbalance by direct administration of preventive chemicals into the vestibule. Our findings demonstrated the usefulness of an explant culture of the utricle with a fluorescent styryl dye, FM1-43FX. In addition, examination of the morphology of the otoconial membrane with explant cultures of utricles was conducted to determine the risk of LFN. Ex vivo exposure of the utricle to LFN at 100 Hz, 95 dB for 1 hr induced breaks in the otoconial membrane as well as decreased uptake of FM1-43FX in hair cells. Taken together, the results of this study provide a novel technique for assessing the risk of LFN exposure using an ex vivo experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Ohgami
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tingchao He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Reina Oshino-Negishi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yishuo Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan
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18
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Meng Y, Cave M, Zhang C. Comparison of methods for addressing the point-to-area data transformation to make data suitable for environmental, health and socio-economic studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:797-807. [PMID: 31280162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil lead (Pb) provides an important exposure pathway to the human body through soil ingestion and dust inhalation and is closely associated with human health as well as social behaviour. The challenge of transforming different spatial supports arises when linking point data (Pb concentration) to areal data (health status or social behaviour). A detailed review of methodologies for integrating point and areal data has been carried out. Among a number of methodologies, eight methods: (1) average, (2) median, (3) centroids inverse distance weighted (IDW), (4) average block IDW, (5) median block IDW, (6) centroids ordinary kriging (OK), (7) average block OK and (8) median block OK, have been compared using Pb data set in the Greater London Authority (GLA) area. The results indicated that the method of median block IDW was recommended for further investigation of the relationship between Pb concentration and socio-economic factors in the ward-level of the GLA area. The reasons were (i) spatial interpolations were useful for predicting unobserved values when simple average and median could not work in the locations where there were no samples collected in some areal units; (ii) the median value was more suitable than the average value for a skewed data set; (iii) the block method reduced estimation error and provided more representative values of areal units than the centroid method; (iv) IDW reserved more spatial variation than OK, containing more local maxima (hotspot) and local minima. Despite that it is still hard to decide the optimal method, this study has highlighted the point-to-area transformation issue and provided valuable examples to compare the different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Meng
- International Network for Environment and Health, School of Geography and Archaeology, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mark Cave
- British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health, School of Geography and Archaeology, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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19
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Barbaresco GQ, Reis AVP, Lopes GDR, Boaventura LP, Castro AF, Vilanova TCF, Da Cunha Júnior EC, Pires KC, Pôrto Filho R, Pereira BB. Effects of environmental noise pollution on perceived stress and cortisol levels in street vendors. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:331-337. [PMID: 30915910 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1595239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes and analyzes experimental results of a study performed with street vendors exposed to noise pollution by monitoring daily variations in cortisol levels taking into account the influence of variables such as age and body mass index (BMI). The study was conducted with 17 male street vendors, inhabitants of Uberlândia - Brazil, who work in the central region of the city. The levels of exposure to noise were assessed using an audio dosimeter and, every two hr, samples of saliva were collected for determination of salivary cortisol levels through an enzymatic immunoassay. The measured equivalent A-weighted sound level (LAeq) ranged from 70.2 to 76.6 dB (A) during the monitoring period of endogenous salivary cortisol levels. Morning levels of cortisol in street vendors were higher in older and overweight individuals. The noise levels to which the subjects were exposed were above the acoustic comfort threshold established by the World Health Organization and hence may be associated with severe discomfort and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovana Queiroz Barbaresco
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Anelise Vitória Pires Reis
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Gabriella Da Rocha Lopes
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Leticia Pereira Boaventura
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Amanda Freitas Castro
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | | | | | - Kyllian César Pires
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Roberto Pôrto Filho
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- a Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health , Federal University of Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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