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Lin Z, Assaraf YG, Kwok HF. Peptides for microbe-induced cancers: latest therapeutic strategies and their advanced technologies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10197-4. [PMID: 39008152 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health concern associated with multiple distinct factors, including microbial and viral infections. Numerous studies have elucidated the role of microorganisms, such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), as well as viruses for example human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV), in the development of human malignancies. Substantial attention has been focused on the treatment of these microorganism- and virus-associated cancers, with promising outcomes observed in studies employing peptide-based therapies. The current paper provides an overview of microbe- and virus-induced cancers and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We discuss an assortment of peptide-based therapies which are currently being developed, including tumor-targeting peptides and microbial/viral peptide-based vaccines. We describe the major technological advancements that have been made in the design, screening, and delivery of peptides as anticancer agents. The primary focus of the current review is to provide insight into the latest research and development in this field and to provide a realistic glimpse into the future of peptide-based therapies for microbe- and virus-induced neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Lin
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Lab, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Instituteof Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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Tamahane V, Bhanushali S, Shah N, Gupta A, Khadilkar V, Gondhalekar K, Khadilkar A, Shouche Y. A comparative study of the gut microbiome in Indian children with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13438. [PMID: 37381634 PMCID: PMC11070843 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) occurs in genetically susceptible individuals due to certain environmental triggers causing destruction of insulin secreting beta cells. One of the environmental triggers studied recently in the pathogenesis and progression of T1DM is the role of gut microbiome. OBJECTIVES (1) To compare the gut microbiome profile of T1DM children with healthy age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) matched controls. (2) To assess the relationship of abundance of genera with glycemic control in children with T1DM. METHODS Cross-sectional, case-control study. Sixty-eight children with T1DM and 61 age-, gender-, and BMI-matched healthy controls were enrolled. QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini kit protocol and reagents were used for DNA isolation and Miseq sequencing platform for targeted gene sequencing. RESULTS Alpha and beta diversity analysis showed no significant differences in the abundance of microbes between the groups. At phylum level, Firmicutes was the dominant phylum followed by Actinobacteria and Bacteroidota in both groups. Analysis of microbiome at the genera level showed that percentage abundance for Parasutterella was higher in children with T1DM as compared to the healthy group (p < .05). A linear regression analysis showed that increase in abundance of Haemophilus (adjusted R2 = -1.481 p < .007) was associated with a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations (p < .05). CONCLUSION Our comparative study of gut microbiome profile showed significant differences in the taxonomial composition between Indian children with T1DM and healthy controls. Short chain fatty acid producers may play an important role in glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Tamahane
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research InstituteJehangir HospitalPuneIndia
- School of Health Sciences‐Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPuneIndia
| | - Shivang Bhanushali
- National Centre for Microbial Resource—National Centre for Cell SciencePuneIndia
| | - Nikhil Shah
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research InstituteJehangir HospitalPuneIndia
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- National Centre for Microbial Resource—National Centre for Cell SciencePuneIndia
| | - Vaman Khadilkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research InstituteJehangir HospitalPuneIndia
- School of Health Sciences‐Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPuneIndia
| | - Ketan Gondhalekar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research InstituteJehangir HospitalPuneIndia
| | - Anuradha Khadilkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research InstituteJehangir HospitalPuneIndia
- School of Health Sciences‐Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPuneIndia
| | - Yogesh Shouche
- National Centre for Microbial Resource—National Centre for Cell SciencePuneIndia
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Salehi S, Allahverdy J, Pourjafar H, Sarabandi K, Jafari SM. Gut Microbiota and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Understanding the Pathogenesis and the Role of Probiotics as a Therapeutic Strategy. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10223-5. [PMID: 38421576 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common disorders among women in modern societies. A variety of factors can contribute to the development of PCOS. These women often exhibit high insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenism, irregular periods, and infertility. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota (GMB) in women with PCOS has attracted the attention of many researchers. Porphyromonas spp., B. coprophilus, and F. prausnitzii are found in higher numbers in the gut of women with PCOS. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by the intestinal microbiota through fermentation, play an essential role in regulating metabolic activities and are helpful in reducing insulin resistance and improving PCOS symptoms. According to studies, the bacteria producing SCFAs in the gut of these women are less abundant than in healthy women. The effectiveness of using probiotic supplements has been proven to improve the condition of women with PCOS. Daily consumption of probiotics improves dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome and increases the production of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Salehi
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Allahverdy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Khashayar Sarabandi
- Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Km 12 Mashhad-Quchan Highway, PO Box 91895, Mashhad, 157-356, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
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Wong PY, Yip C, Lemberg DA, Day AS, Leach ST. Evolution of a Pathogenic Microbiome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7184. [PMID: 38002796 PMCID: PMC10672640 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of microbiome development arguably begins before birth. Vertical transmission of bacteria from the mother to the infant is a keystone event in microbiome development. Subsequent to birth, the developing microbiome is vulnerable to influence from a wide range of factors. Additionally, the microbiome can influence the health and development of the host infant. This intricate interaction of the gastrointestinal microbiome and the host has been described as both symbiotic and dysbiotic. Defining these terms, a symbiotic microbiome is where the microbiome and host provide mutual benefit to each other. A pathogenic microbiome, or more precisely a gastrointestinal microbiome associated with disease, is increasing described as dysbiotic. This review seeks to investigate the factors that contribute to evolving a disease-causing or 'dysbiotic' microbiome. This review covers the development of the gastrointestinal microbiome in infants, the interaction of the microbiome with the host, and its contribution to host immunity and investigates specific features of the gastrointestinal microbiome that are associated with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Yin Wong
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney 2052, Australia; (P.Y.W.); (C.Y.); (A.S.D.)
| | - Carmen Yip
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney 2052, Australia; (P.Y.W.); (C.Y.); (A.S.D.)
| | - Daniel A. Lemberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children’s Hospital Randwick, Sydney 2031, Australia;
| | - Andrew S. Day
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney 2052, Australia; (P.Y.W.); (C.Y.); (A.S.D.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children’s Hospital Randwick, Sydney 2031, Australia;
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Steven T. Leach
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney 2052, Australia; (P.Y.W.); (C.Y.); (A.S.D.)
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Rust C, Malan-Muller S, van den Heuvel LL, Tonge D, Seedat S, Pretorius E, Hemmings SMJ. Platelets bridging the gap between gut dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in stress-linked disorders: A narrative review. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 382:578155. [PMID: 37523892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In this narrative review, we examine the association between gut dysbiosis, neuroinflammation, and stress-linked disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and investigate whether tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and platelets play a role in this association. The mechanisms underlying the aetiology of stress-linked disorders are complex and not yet completely understood. However, a potential link between chronic inflammation and these disorders may potentially be found in TRP metabolism and platelets. By critically analysing existing literature on platelets, the gut microbiome, and stress-linked disorders, we hope to elicit the role of platelets in mediating the effects on serotonin (5-HT) levels and neuroinflammation. We have included studies specifically investigating platelets and TRP metabolism in relation to inflammation, neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric disorders. Alteration in microbial composition due to stress could contribute to increased intestinal permeability, facilitating the translocation of microbial products, and triggering the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This causes platelets to become hyperactive and secrete 5-HT into the plasma. Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines may also lead to increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), allowing inflammatory mediators entry into the brain, affecting the balance of TRP metabolism products, such as 5-HT, kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN). These alterations may contribute to neuroinflammation and possible neurological damage. Furthermore, platelets can cross the compromised BBB and interact with astrocytes and neurons, leading to the secretion of 5-HT and pro-inflammatory factors, exacerbating inflammatory conditions in the brain. The mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation resulting from peripheral inflammation are still unclear, but the connection between the brain and gut through the bloodstream could be significant. Identifying peripheral biomarkers and mechanisms in the plasma that reflect neuroinflammation may be important. This review serves as a foundation for further research on the association between the gut microbiome, blood microbiome, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The integration of these findings with protein and metabolite markers in the blood may expand our understanding of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlien Rust
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Stefanie Malan-Muller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Neurochemistry Research Institute UCM, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leigh L van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daniel Tonge
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Newcastle, England, UK
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Sian M J Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
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Taha SFM, Bhassu S, Omar H, Raju CS, Rajamanikam A, Govind SKP, Mohamad SB. Gut microbiota of healthy Asians and their discriminative features revealed by metagenomics approach. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:275. [PMID: 37457869 PMCID: PMC10338424 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is conducted to identify the microbial architecture and its functional capacity in the Asian population via the whole metagenomics approach. A brief comparison of the Asian countries namely Malaysia, India, China, and Thailand, was conducted, giving a total of 916 taxa under observation. Results show a close representation of the taxonomic diversity in the gut microbiota of Malaysia, India, and China, where Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were more predominant compared to other phyla. Mainly due to the multi-racial population in Malaysia, which also consists of Malays, Indian, and Chinese, the population tend to share similar dietary preferences, culture, and lifestyle, which are major influences that shapes the structure of the gut microbiota. Moreover, Thailand showed a more distinct diversity in the gut microbiota which was highly dominated by Firmicutes. Meanwhile, functional profiles show 1034 gene families that are common between the four countries. The Malaysia samples are having the most unique gene families with a total of 67,517 gene families, and 51 unique KEGG Orthologs, mainly dominated by the metabolic pathways, followed by microbial metabolism in diverse environments. In conclusion, this study provides some general overview on the structure of the Asian gut microbiota, with some additional highlights on the Malaysian population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03671-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Fatimah Mohd Taha
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hasmahzaiti Omar
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Museum of Zoology (Block J14), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandramati Samudi Raju
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Arutchelvan Rajamanikam
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Kumar P. Govind
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saharuddin Bin Mohamad
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ko YS, Tark D, Moon SH, Kim DM, Lee TG, Bae DY, Sunwoo SY, Oh Y, Cho HS. Alteration of the Gut Microbiota in Pigs Infected with African Swine Fever Virus. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050360. [PMID: 37235443 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The factors that influence the pathogenicity of African swine fever (ASF) are still poorly understood, and the host's immune response has been indicated as crucial. Although an increasing number of studies have shown that gut microbiota can control the progression of diseases caused by viral infections, it has not been characterized how the ASF virus (ASFV) changes a pig's gut microbiome. This study analyzed the dynamic changes in the intestinal microbiome of pigs experimentally infected with the high-virulence ASFV genotype II strain (N = 4) or mock strain (N = 3). Daily fecal samples were collected from the pigs and distributed into the four phases (before infection, primary phase, clinical phase, and terminal phase) of ASF based on the individual clinical features of the pigs. The total DNA was extracted and the V4 region of the 16 s rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced on the Illumina platform. Richness indices (ACE and Chao1) were significantly decreased in the terminal phase of ASF infection. The relative abundances of short-chain-fatty-acids-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, Roseburia, and Blautia, were decreased during ASFV infection. On the other hand, the abundance of Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes increased. Furthermore, predicted functional analysis using PICRUSt resulted in a significantly reduced abundance of 15 immune-related pathways in the ASFV-infected pigs. This study provides evidence for further understanding the ASFV-pig interaction and suggests that changes in gut microbiome composition during ASFV infection may be associated with the status of immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seung Ko
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongseob Tark
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Moon
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Min Kim
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Geun Lee
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yun Bae
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yeonsu Oh
- Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Cho
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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Salomon JD, Qiu H, Feng D, Owens J, Khailova L, Osorio Lujan S, Iguidbashian J, Chhonker YS, Murry DJ, Riethoven JJ, Lindsey ML, Singh AB, Davidson JA. Piglet cardiopulmonary bypass induces intestinal dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction associated with systemic inflammation. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049742. [PMID: 36426663 PMCID: PMC9844230 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome is essential to human health and homeostasis, and is implicated in the pathophysiology of disease, including congenital heart disease and cardiac surgery. Improving the microbiome and reducing inflammatory metabolites may reduce systemic inflammation following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to expedite recovery post-operatively. Limited research exists in this area and identifying animal models that can replicate changes in the human intestinal microbiome after CPB is necessary. We used a piglet model of CPB with two groups, CPB (n=5) and a control group with mechanical ventilation (n=7), to evaluate changes to the microbiome, intestinal barrier dysfunction and intestinal metabolites with inflammation after CPB. We identified significant changes to the microbiome, barrier dysfunction, intestinal short-chain fatty acids and eicosanoids, and elevated cytokines in the CPB/deep hypothermic circulatory arrest group compared to the control group at just 4 h after intervention. This piglet model of CPB replicates known human changes to intestinal flora and metabolite profiles, and can be used to evaluate gut interventions aimed at reducing downstream inflammation after cardiac surgery with CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Salomon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
| | - Haowen Qiu
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
| | - Jacob Owens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
| | - Ludmila Khailova
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - John Iguidbashian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yashpal S. Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
| | - Daryl J. Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
| | - Jean-Jack Riethoven
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Merry L. Lindsey
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Amar B. Singh
- Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
| | - Jesse A. Davidson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Djekkoun N, Depeint F, Guibourdenche M, Sabbouri HEKE, Corona A, Rhazi L, Gay-Queheillard J, Rouabah L, Biendo M, Al-Salameh A, Lalau JD, Bach V, Khorsi-Cauet H. Perigestational exposure of a combination of a high-fat diet and pesticide impacts the metabolic and microbiotic status of dams and pups; a preventive strategy based on prebiotics. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1253-1265. [PMID: 36510012 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic changes during the perinatal period are known to promote obesity and type-2 diabetes in adulthood via perturbation of the microbiota. The risk factors for metabolic disorders include a high-fat diet (HFD) and exposure to pesticide residues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of perigestational exposure to a HFD and chlorpyrifos (CPF) on glycemia, lipid profiles, and microbial populations in Wistar dams and their female offspring. We also tested a preventive strategy based on treatment with the prebiotic inulin. METHODS From 4 months before gestation to the end of the lactation period, six groups of dams were exposed to either a standard diet, a HFD alone, CPF alone, a combination of a HFD and CPF, and/or inulin supplementation. All female offspring were fed a standard diet from weaning to adulthood. We measured the impacts of these exposures on glycemia, the lipid profile, and the microbiota (composition, metabolite production, and translocation into tissues). RESULTS HFD exposure and CPF + HFD co-exposure induced dysmetabolism and an imbalance in the gut flora in both the dams and the female offspring. Inulin mitigated the impact of exposure to a HFD alone but not that of CPF + HFD co-exposure. CONCLUSION Our results provide a better understanding of the complex interactions between environmental pollutants and diet in early life, including in the context of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narimane Djekkoun
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Et Moléculaire, Mentouri Brothers University of Constantine 1, 2500, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Flore Depeint
- Transformations Et Agro-Ressources ULR7519, Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle - Université d'Artois, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Marion Guibourdenche
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Hiba El Khayat Et Sabbouri
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Aurélie Corona
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Larbi Rhazi
- Transformations Et Agro-Ressources ULR7519, Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle - Université d'Artois, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Jerome Gay-Queheillard
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Leila Rouabah
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Et Moléculaire, Mentouri Brothers University of Constantine 1, 2500, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Maurice Biendo
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Abdallah Al-Salameh
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie et Nutrition, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lalau
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie et Nutrition, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Hafida Khorsi-Cauet
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France.
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Li ZT, Han SX, Pu JY, Wang YY, Jiang Y, Gao MJ, Zhan XB, Xu S. In Vitro Digestion and Fecal Fermentation of Low-Gluten Rice and Its Effect on the Gut Microbiota. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040855. [PMID: 36832930 PMCID: PMC9956666 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-gluten rice is part of a special diet for chronic kidney disease patients, but its digestive mechanism in the gastrointestinal tract is unclear. In this study, low-gluten rice (LGR), common rice (CR), and rice starch (RS) were used as experimental samples, and their digestion and bacterial fermentation were simulated using an in vitro gastrointestinal reactor to investigate the mechanism of the effect of LGR on human health. The starch digestibility of CR was higher than that of LGR, with statistically significant differences. LGR has growth-promoting and metabolic effects on Akkermansia muciniphila. Among the beneficial metabolites, the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from LGR reached 104.85 mmol/L, an increase of 44.94% (versus RS) and 25.33% (versus CR). Moreover, the concentration of lactic acid reached 18.19 mmol/L, an increase of 60.55% (versus RS) and 25.28% (versus CR). Among the harmful metabolites, the concentration of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) in LGR was 0.29 mmol/L and the concentration of ammonia was 2.60 mmol/L, which was 79.31% and 16.15% lower than CR, respectively. A significant increase in the concentration of the beneficial intestinal bacteria Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium occurred from LGR. The 16s rDNA sequencing showed that the abundance of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes increased and the abundance of the Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria decreased. Thus, LGR has positive effects on digestion and gut microbiota structure and metabolism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shuang-Xin Han
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jia-Yang Pu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Min-Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Bei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: (X.-B.Z.); (S.X.); Tel.: +86-51085918299 (X.-B.Z.); +86-51068089784 (S.X.)
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: (X.-B.Z.); (S.X.); Tel.: +86-51085918299 (X.-B.Z.); +86-51068089784 (S.X.)
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11
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Orellana-Paucar AM. Steviol Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana: An Updated Overview of Their Sweetening Activity, Pharmacological Properties, and Safety Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031258. [PMID: 36770924 PMCID: PMC9920402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This literature-based review synthesizes the available scientific information about steviol glycosides as natural sweeteners and molecules with therapeutic potential. In addition, it discusses the safety concerns regarding human consumption. Steviol glycosides exhibit a superior sweetener proficiency to that of sucrose and are noncaloric, noncariogenic, and nonfermentative. Scientific evidence encourages stevioside and rebaudioside A as sweetener alternatives to sucrose and supports their use based on their absences of harmful effects on human health. Moreover, these active compounds isolated from Stevia rebaudiana possess interesting medicinal activities, including antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiarrheal activity. The described bioactivities of steviol glycosides deserve special attention based on their dose dependence and specific pathological situations. Further clinical research is needed to understand underlying mechanisms of action, therapeutic indexes, and pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Monserrath Orellana-Paucar
- Nutrition and Dietetics School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010204, Ecuador;
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Interdisciplinary Research Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010204, Ecuador
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12
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Ul-Haq A, Seo H, Jo S, Park H, Kim S, Lee Y, Lee S, Jeong JH, Song H. Characterization of Fecal Microbiomes of Osteoporotic Patients in Korea. Pol J Microbiol 2022; 71:601-613. [PMID: 36537058 PMCID: PMC9944973 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2022-045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalanced gut microbiome has been linked to a higher risk of many bone-related diseases. The objective of this study was to discover biomarkers of osteoporosis (OP). So, we collected 76 stool samples (60 human controls and 16 OP patients), extracted DNA, and performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene-based amplicon sequencing. Among the taxa with an average taxonomic composition greater than 1%, only the Lachnospira genus showed a significant difference between the two groups. The Linear Discriminant Effect Size analysis and qPCR experiments indicated the Lachnospira genus as a potential biomarker of OP. Moreover, a total of 11 metabolic pathways varied between the two groups. Our study concludes that the genus Lachnospira is potentially crucial for diagnosing and treating osteoporosis. The findings of this study might help researchers better understand OP from a microbiome perspective. This research might develop more effective diagnostic and treatment methods for OP in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ul-Haq
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Jo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuna Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Saebim Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hoon Jeong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea, H.-Y. Song, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; J.-H. Jeong, Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ho‑Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea, H.-Y. Song, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; J.-H. Jeong, Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea;
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13
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Sun Y, Tang Z, Hao T, Qiu Z, Zhang B. Simulated Digestion and Fermentation In Vitro by Obese Human Gut Microbiota of Sulforaphane from Broccoli Seeds. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244016. [PMID: 36553758 PMCID: PMC9778330 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND sulforaphane is a kind of isothiocyanate, which is obtained by hydrolysis of glucosinolate by the unique myrosinase in plants. It has been proved to prevent the occurrence of many chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes and cancer. OBJECTIVE The impact of SFN on obese human gut flora, however, has not been established. METHODS In this research, SFN was isolated from broccoli seeds and then refined to achieve 95% purity. Next, an investigation was conducted into the digestion and fermentation processes of SFN. RESULTS The stability of the SFN in simulated saliva, gastric fluid, and intestinal juice provides evidence that it can reach the gut and be available for utilization by gut microflora. In vitro fermentation of SFN by gut microbes in obese patients results in alteration in constitution of microbiota and production of short chain fatty acids. As the result of SFN ingestion by human gut bacteria, the content of butyric and valeric acids increased 1.21- and 1.46-fold, respectively. In obese human guts, the relative abundances of the beneficial genera including Lactobacillus, Weissella, Leuconosto, Algiphilus and Faecalibacterium significantly increased, whilst the detrimental genera, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Sutterella, Megamonas and Proteus drastically declined. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SFN can be used as a nutraceutical ingredient for obese patients and for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology and Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhaocheng Tang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology and Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tingting Hao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology and Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zeyu Qiu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology and Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Baolong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology and Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8439-0292
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14
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Decorated bacteria and the application in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114443. [PMID: 35817214 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of living bacteria either as therapeutic agents or drug carriers has shown great potential in treating a multitude of intractable diseases. However, cells are often fragile to unfriendly environmental stressors and limited by inadequately therapeutic responses, leading to unwanted cell death and a decline in treatment efficacy. Surface decoration of bacteria has emerged as a simple yet useful strategy that not only confers bacteria with extra capacity to resist environmental threats but also endows them with exogenous characteristics that are neither inherent nor naturally achievable. In this review, we systematically introduce the advancements of physicochemical and biological technologies for surface modification of bacteria, especially the single-cell surface decoration strategies of individual bacteria. We highlight the recent progress on surface decoration that aims to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of therapeutic bacterial agents and also to achieve enhanced and targeted delivery of conventional drugs. The promises along with challenges of surface-decorated bacteria as drug delivery systems for applications in cancer therapy, intestinal disease treatment, bioimaging, and diagnosis are further discussed with respect to future clinical translation. This review offers an overview of the advances of decorated bacteria for drug delivery applications and would contribute to the development of the next generation of advanced bacterial-based therapies.
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15
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Haji-Ghazi Tehrani L, Mousavi SN, Chiti H, Afshar D. Effect of Atkins versus a low-fat diet on gut microbiota, and cardiometabolic markers in obese women following an energy-restricted diet: Randomized, crossover trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1734-1741. [PMID: 35606227 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is controversy about effects of the Atkins diet on cardiometabolic markers in previous studies. No study compared effects of Atkins versus a low-fat diet on gut microbiota in obese women during a weight-loss program up to date. METHODS AND RESULTS A 6-week, randomized, crossover trial was conducted. Twenty-four healthy women with obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to receive the Atkins (55%, 25%, and 20% of total daily calories from fat, protein, and carbohydrates), or low-fat (20%, 15%, and 65% of total daily calories from fat, protein, and carbohydrates) diets while following a weight-loss program. Vegetable oils were used as the main source of dietary fat. Dietary groups were switched after two weeks of washout period with a weight maintenance low-fat diet. The effects of the two diets did not differ for the most endpoints. However, Gut Actinobacteria residency and serum total antioxidant capacity significantly increased in the Akins diet group compared with the low-fat one (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04). Adjusting for all parameters, gut Actinobacteria residency 1.48- and 2.5-folds decreased the serum LDL.C/HDL.C ratio and non-HDL.C levels (95%CI: 3.1, -0.22; p = 0.03 and -0.07, -0.002; p = 0.04), respectively. Decrease in gut Proteobacteria residency showed a significant reduction in serum total oxidant status (95%CI: 7.4, -0.07; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The Atkins diet, based on vegetable oils, alters gut microbiota composition, atherogenic and antioxidant parameters. REGISTRATION NUMBER FOR CLINICAL TRIAL IRCT20200929048876N3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Haji-Ghazi Tehrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vali-e asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Metaboilc Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Mousavi
- Zanjan Metaboilc Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Chiti
- Zanjan Metaboilc Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Davoud Afshar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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16
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How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122456. [PMID: 35745186 PMCID: PMC9227967 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, contributing to human health. Nevertheless, some factors (sex, age, lifestyle, physical activity, drug-based therapies, diet, etc.) affect its composition and functionality, linked to pathologies and immunological diseases. Concerning diet, it interacts with microorganisms, leading to beneficial or detrimental outcomes for the health of host. On the other hand, physical activity is known to be useful for preventing and, sometimes, treating several diseases of cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, respiratory, and muscular systems. This paper focuses on diet and physical activity presenting the current knowledge about how different diets (Western, ketogenic, vegan, gluten free, Mediterranean) as well as different types of exercise (intensive, endurance, aerobic) could shape gut microbiota.
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17
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Adesulu-Dahunsi AT, Dahunsi SO, Ajayeoba TA. Co-occurrence of Lactobacillus Species During Fermentation of African Indigenous Foods: Impact on Food Safety and Shelf-Life Extension. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:684730. [PMID: 35464919 PMCID: PMC9021961 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.684730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits derived from fermented foods and beverages have placed great value on their acceptability worldwide. Food fermentation technologies have been employed for thousands of years and are considered essential processes for the production and preservation of foods, with the critical roles played by the autochthonous fermenting food-grade microorganisms in ensuring food security and safety, increased shelf life, and enhanced livelihoods of many people in Africa, particularly the marginalized and vulnerable groups. Many indigenous fermented foods and beverages of Africa are of plant origin. In this review, the predominance, fermentative activities, and biopreservative role of Lactobacillus spp. during production of indigenous foods and beverages, the potential health benefit of probiotics, and the impact of these food-grade microorganisms on food safety and prolonged shelf life are discussed. During production of African indigenous foods (with emphasis on cereals and cassava-based food products), fermentation occurs in succession; the first group of microorganisms to colonize the fermenting substrates are lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with the diversity and dominance of Lactobacillus spp. The Lactobacillus spp. multiply rapidly in the fermentation matrix, by taking up nutrients from the surrounding environments, and cause rapid acidification in the fermenting system via the production of organic compounds that convert fermentable sugars into mainly lactic acid. Production of these compounds in food systems inhibits spoilage microorganisms, which has a direct effect on food quality and safety. The knowledge of microbial interaction and succession during food fermentation will assist the food industry in producing functional foods and beverages with improved nutritional profiling and technological attributes, as Lactobacillus strains isolated during fermentation of several African indigenous foods have demonstrated desirable characteristics that make them safe for use as probiotic microorganisms and even as a starter culture in small- and large-scale/industrial food production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Olatunde Dahunsi
- Microbiology Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
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18
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Yadav M, Kapoor A, Verma A, Ambatipudi K. Functional Significance of Different Milk Constituents in Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Infant Health. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3929-3947. [PMID: 35324181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human milk, the gold standard for optimal nourishment, controls the microbial composition of infants by either enhancing or limiting bacterial growth. The milk fat globule membrane has gained interest in gut-related functions and cognitive development. The membrane proteins can directly interact with probiotic bacteria, influencing their survival and adhesion through gastrointestinal transit, whereas membrane phospholipids increase the residence time of probiotic bacteria in the gut. The commensal bacteria in milk act as the initial inoculum in building up the gut colonization of an infant, whereas oligosaccharides promote proliferation of beneficial microorganisms. Interestingly, milk extracellular vesicles are also involved in influencing the microbiota composition but are not well-explored. This review highlights the contribution of different milk components in modulating the infant gut microbiota, particularly the fat globule membrane, and the complex interplay between host- and brain-gut microbiota signaling affecting infant and adult health positively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Yadav
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Ayushi Kapoor
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Aparna Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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19
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Panthee B, Gyawali S, Panthee P, Techato K. Environmental and Human Microbiome for Health. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030456. [PMID: 35330207 PMCID: PMC8949289 DOI: 10.3390/life12030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are an essential part of life on the earth and can exist in association with virtually any living thing. The environmental microbiome is much more diverse than the human microbiome. It is reported that most microbes existing in the environment are difficult to culture in the laboratory. Whereas both pathogenic and beneficial microbes may be prevailing in the environment, the human body can have three categories of microbes- beneficial, pathogenic, and opportunistic pathogenic. With at least 10-fold more cells than human cells, microbes as normal flora are critical for human survival. The microbes present in the human body play a crucial role in maintaining human health, and the environmental microbiome influences the human microbiome makeup. The interaction between the environmental and human microbiome highly influences human health, however it is poorly understood. In addition, as an established infection is associated with health-seeking behavior, a large number of studies have focused on the transmission and dynamics of infectious microorganisms than the noninfectious or beneficial ones. This review will summarize how the interaction between the environmental and human microbiome affects human health and identify approaches that might be beneficial for humans to improve health by being exposed to the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Panthee
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Sustainable Study and Research Institute, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal;
- Correspondence: (B.P.); (K.T.)
| | - Saroj Gyawali
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Sustainable Study and Research Institute, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal;
| | | | - Kuaanan Techato
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (B.P.); (K.T.)
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20
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Alp D. Strain-dependent effectivity, and protective role against enzymes of S-layers in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:555-567. [PMID: 35302654 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether the surface layer (S-layer), which is known to have a varying effect from strain to strain on aggregation, adhesion ability, also has an effect on the resistance of bacteria to digestive enzymes, phenol, lysozymes. The effect of S-layers on the resistance against various enzymes, aggregation and adhesion abilities, and strain specificity were determined of eight Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains. Strains were treated with 5 M lithium chloride (LiCl) to extract the S-layers, the presence of this layer in those microorganisms was demonstrated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the separation of the S-layer, which surrounds the microorganism, from the microorganism by the LiCl. The images were taken three times, once at the beginning, once 30 min later, and once at the end of this process, which took 2 h in total. The effect against enzymes varied depending on the strain, but it was determined that all the tested strains had a serious loss of viability against phenol in the absence of an S-layer. Lpb. plantarum DA100 showed a maximum decrease against gastrointestinal system enzymes after the LiCl (96.48 ± 0.03% before and 66.46 ± 0.01% after LiCl). Lpb. plantarum DA255 showed a significant decrease against lysozyme (99.11 ± 0.00% before and 62.80 ± 0.0% after LiCl). Removal of the S-layer greatly affected the adhesion ability of some strains, while for others there was hardly any change. The results showed that the role of the S-layer may be strain-specific, the rate of effect can vary. The primary function of S-layer proteins is thought to contribute to the adhesion ability of bacteria. There are limited studies that have reported the protective property of this layer against various enzymes, however, our results showed that S-layer could be one of the resistance strategies developed by bacteria against enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Alp
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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21
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Singh PK, Easwari TS. Emerging Trends and their Impacts on Peptic Ulcer Diseases: Treatments and Techniques. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666220307115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is prevalent in almost all parts of the world. PUD complications are creating a major source of preventable health care expenses. The major factors responsible for the incidence of PUD and its complication have changed over the past few decades after the identification of non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection along with a marked increase in the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) as drug therapy. The management of PUD has become more complex and challenging due to antimicrobial resistance.
Objective:
The objective of the study was to highlight current therapy and novel techniques used in the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases.
Methods:
An exhaustive literature search has been conducted across PubMed, Google, Scopus and Web of Science as an electronic database to add the crucial information from the relevant literature.
Results:
In the present review, we have discussed PUD and its pathophysiology. The recent trends in PUD and possible treatments with novel techniques have also been discussed. The type and presence of ulcers cannot be predicted accurately based on symptoms. The available treatment approaches for peptic ulcers based on their clinical presentation and etiology are anti-secretary therapy, endoscopy to reveal ulcers followed by drug therapy, and triple therapy for H pylori infection.
Conclusion:
Thus, the popular and effective methods are very beneficial in controlling PUD. The treatment based on diagnosis is the foremost requirement for ameliorating any disorder. In this article, the emerging techniques and development in the treatment and diagnosis of PUD have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjal Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, IIMT College of Medical Sciences, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T. S. Easwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, IIMT College of Medical Sciences, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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22
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Sayers B, Wijeyesekera A, Gibson G. Exploring the potential of prebiotic and polyphenol-based dietary interventions for the alleviation of cognitive and gastrointestinal perturbations associated with military specific stressors. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Casalegno Garduño R, Däbritz J. New Insights on CD8 + T Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738762. [PMID: 34707610 PMCID: PMC8542854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a complex multifactorial chronic disease. Here, we present an overview of the current research with the controversial findings of CD8+ T cell subsets and discuss some possible perspectives on their therapeutic value in IBD. Studies on the role of CD8+ T cells in IBD have contradictory outcomes, which might be related to the heterogeneity of the cells. Recent data suggest that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (Tc1) and interleukin (IL) 17-producing CD8+ (Tc17) cells contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Moreover, subsets of regulatory CD8+ T cells are abundant at sites of inflammation and can exhibit pro-inflammatory features. Some subsets of tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells (Trm) might be immunosuppressant, whereas others might be pro-inflammatory. Lastly, exhausted T cells might indicate a positive outcome for patients. The function and plasticity of different subsets of CD8+ T cells in health and IBD remain to be further investigated in a challenging field due to the limited availability of mucosal samples and adequate controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaely Casalegno Garduño
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Pediatrics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Däbritz
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Pediatrics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Center for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, The Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
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24
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Arun KB, Madhavan A, Sindhu R, Emmanual S, Binod P, Pugazhendhi A, Sirohi R, Reshmy R, Awasthi MK, Gnansounou E, Pandey A. Probiotics and gut microbiome - Prospects and challenges in remediating heavy metal toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126676. [PMID: 34329091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome, often referred to as "super organ", comprises up to a hundred trillion microorganisms, and the species diversity may vary from person to person. They perform a decisive role in diverse biological functions related to metabolism, immunity and neurological responses. However, the microbiome is sensitive to environmental pollutants, especially heavy metals. There is continuous interaction between heavy metals and the microbiome. Heavy metal exposure retards the growth and changes the structure of the phyla involved in the gut microbiome. Meanwhile, the gut microbiome tries to detoxify the heavy metals by altering the physiological conditions, intestinal permeability, enhancing enzymes for metabolizing heavy metals. This review summarizes the effect of heavy metals in altering the gut microbiome, the mechanism by which gut microbiota detoxifies heavy metals, diseases developed due to heavy metal-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, and the usage of probiotics along with advancements in developing improved recombinant probiotic strains for the remediation of heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Arun
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Shibitha Emmanual
- Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College, Thrissur 680121, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Reshmy
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara 690110, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, North West A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, ENAC GR-GN, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR, Indian Institute for Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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25
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Lee K, Kim J, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 Ameliorates Sarcopenia by Improving Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function in Aged Balb/c Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810023. [PMID: 34576187 PMCID: PMC8466743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in elderly people and can lead to physical frailty and fall-related injuries. Sarcopenia is an inevitable event of the aging process that substantially impacts a person's quality of life. Recent studies to improve muscle function through the intake of various functional food materials are attracting attention. However, it is not yet known whether probiotics can improve muscle mass and muscle strength and affect physical performance. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 (HY7715) is a lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi. The present research shows that L. plantarum HY7715 increases physical performance and skeletal muscle mass in 80-week-old aged Balb/c male mice. HY7715 not only induces myoblast differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis but also inhibits the sarcopenic process in skeletal muscle. In addition, HY7715 recovers the microbiome composition and beta-diversity shift. Therefore, HY7715 has promise as a functional probiotic supplement to improve the degeneration of muscle function that is associated with aging.
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26
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Asaithambi N, Singh SK, Singha P. Current status of non-thermal processing of probiotic foods: A review. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Bhattarai A, Kowalczyk W, Tran TN. A literature review on large intestinal hyperelastic constitutive modeling. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2021; 88:105445. [PMID: 34416632 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2021.105445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Impacts, traumas and strokes are spontaneously life-threatening, but chronic symptoms strangle patient every day. Colorectal tissue mechanics in such chronic situations not only regulates the physio-psychological well-being of the patient, but also confirms the level of comfort and post-operative clinical outcomes. Numerous uniaxial and multiaxial tensile experiments on healthy and affected samples have evidenced significant differences in tissue mechanical behavior and strong colorectal anisotropy across each layer in thickness direction and along the length. Furthermore, this study reviewed various forms of passive constitutive models for the highly fibrous colorectal tissue ranging from the simplest linearly elastic and the conventional isotropic hyperelastic to the most sophisticated second harmonic generation image based anisotropic mathematical formulation. Under large deformation, the isotropic description of tissue mechanics is unequivocally ineffective which demands a microstructural based tissue definition. Therefore, the information collected in this review paper would present the current state-of-the-art in colorectal biomechanics and profoundly serve as updated computational resources to develop a sophisticated characterization of colorectal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroj Bhattarai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Saarland, Germany
| | | | - Thanh Ngoc Tran
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Saarland, Germany.
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28
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Aitzhanova A, Oleinikova Y, Mounier J, Hymery N, Leyva Salas M, Amangeldi A, Saubenova M, Alimzhanova M, Ashimuly K, Sadanov A. Dairy associations for the targeted control of opportunistic Candida. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:143. [PMID: 34328568 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Antifungal and antibacterial activities of twenty-six combinations of lactic acid bacteria, propionibacteria, acetic acid bacteria and dairy yeasts inoculated in whey and milk were investigated. Associations including acetic acid bacteria were shown to suppress growth of the opportunistic yeast Candida albicans in well-diffusion assays. The protective effect of milk fermented with the two most promising consortia was confirmed in Caco-2 cell culture infected with C. albicans. Indeed, these fermented milks, after heat-treatment or not, suppressed lactate dehydrogenase release after 48 h while significant increase in LDH release was observed in the positive control (C. albicans alone) and with fermented milk obtained using commercial yogurt starter cultures. The analysis of volatile compounds in the cell-free supernatant using solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed accumulation of significant amount of acetic acid by the consortium composed of Lactobacillus delbrueckii 5, Lactobacillus gallinarum 1, Lentilactobacillus parabuchneri 3, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 33-4, Acetobacter syzygii 2 and Kluyveromyces marxianus 19, which corresponded to the zone of partial inhibition of C. albicans growth during well-diffusion assays. Interestingly, another part of anti-Candida activity, yielding small and transparent inhibition zones, was linked with the consortium cell fraction. This study showed a correlation between anti-Candida activity and the presence of acetic acid bacteria in dairy associations as well as a significant effect of two dairy associations against C. albicans in a Caco-2 cell model. These two associations may be promising consortia for developing functional dairy products with antagonistic action against candidiasis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Aitzhanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave., 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Oleinikova
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Jérôme Mounier
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Nolwenn Hymery
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Marcia Leyva Salas
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Alma Amangeldi
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Margarita Saubenova
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mereke Alimzhanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave., 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Kazhybek Ashimuly
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Amankeldy Sadanov
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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29
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Anwar H, Iftikhar A, Muzaffar H, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Navaid S, Saleem S, Khurshid M. Biodiversity of Gut Microbiota: Impact of Various Host and Environmental Factors. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5575245. [PMID: 34055983 PMCID: PMC8133857 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5575245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human bodies encompass very important symbiotic and mutualistic relationships with tiny creatures known as microbiota. Trillions of these tiny creatures including protozoa, viruses, bacteria, and fungi are present in and on our bodies. They play important roles in various physiological mechanisms of our bodies. In return, our bodies provide them with the habitat and food necessary for their survival. In this review, we comprehend the gut microbial species present in various regions of the gut. We can get benefits from microbiota only if they are present in appropriate concentrations, as if their concentration is altered, it will lead to dysbiosis of microbiota which further contributes to various health ailments. The composition, diversity, and functionality of gut microbiota do not remain static throughout life as they keep on changing over time. In this review, we also reviewed the various biotic and abiotic factors influencing the quantity and quality of these microbiota. These factors serve a significant role in shaping the gut microbiota population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Iftikhar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha Navaid
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Saleem
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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30
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Feng D, Christensen JT, Yetman AT, Lindsey ML, Singh AB, Salomon JD. The microbiome’s relationship with congenital heart disease: more than a gut feeling. JOURNAL OF CONGENITAL CARDIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40949-021-00060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractPatients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for developing intestinal dysbiosis and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction due to abnormal gut perfusion or hypoxemia in the context of low cardiac output or cyanosis. Intestinal dysbiosis may contribute to systemic inflammation thereby worsening clinical outcomes in this patient population. Despite significant advances in the management and survival of patients with CHD, morbidity remains significant and questions have arisen as to the role of the microbiome in the inflammatory process. Intestinal dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction experienced in this patient population are increasingly implicated in critical illness. This review highlights possible CHD-microbiome interactions, illustrates underlying signaling mechanisms, and discusses future directions and therapeutic translation of the basic research.
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31
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Santos RA, Oliva-Teles A, Pousão-Ferreira P, Jerusik R, Saavedra MJ, Enes P, Serra CR. Isolation and Characterization of Fish-Gut Bacillus spp. as Source of Natural Antimicrobial Compounds to Fight Aquaculture Bacterial Diseases. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:276-293. [PMID: 33544251 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is responsible for more than 50% of global seafood consumption. Bacterial diseases are a major constraint to this sector and associated with misuse of antibiotics, pose serious threats to public health. Fish-symbionts, co-inhabitants of fish pathogens, might be a promising source of natural antimicrobial compounds (NACs) alternative to antibiotics, limiting bacterial diseases occurrence in aquafarms. In particular, sporeforming Bacillus spp. are known for their probiotic potential and production of NACs antagonistic of bacterial pathogens and are abundant in aquaculture fish guts. Harnessing the fish-gut microbial community potential, 172 sporeforming strains producing NACs were isolated from economically important aquaculture fish species, namely European seabass, gilthead seabream, and white seabream. We demonstrated that they possess anti-growth, anti-biofilm, or anti-quorum-sensing activities, to control bacterial infections and 52% of these isolates effectively antagonized important fish pathogens, including Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, A. bivalvium, A. veronii, Vibrio anguillarum, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, Photobacterium damselae, Tenacibaculum maritimum, Edwardsiela tarda, and Shigella sonnei. By in vitro quantification of sporeformers' capacity to suppress growth and biofilm formation of fish pathogens, and by assessing their potential to interfere with pathogens communication, we identified three promising candidates to become probiotics or source of bioactive molecules to be used in aquaculture against bacterial aquaculture diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela A Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- CITAB - Centro de Investigação E Tecnologias Agroambientais E Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
- CECAV - Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- Instituto Português Do Mar E da Atmosfera (IPMA), Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão, Av. 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Russell Jerusik
- Epicore Bionetworks Inc., 4 Lina Lane, NJ, 08060, Eastampton, USA
| | - Maria J Saavedra
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- CITAB - Centro de Investigação E Tecnologias Agroambientais E Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- CECAV - Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, ECAV, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula Enes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Cláudia R Serra
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Is Exacerbated Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:311-327. [PMID: 33997519 PMCID: PMC8093480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are no data evaluating the microbiome in congenital heart disease following cardiopulmonary bypass. The authors evaluated patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and noncardiac patients undergoing surgery without bypass. Patients with congenital heart disease had differences in baseline microbiome compared with control subjects, and this was exacerbated following surgery with bypass. Markers of barrier dysfunction were similar for both groups at baseline, and surgery with bypass induced significant intestinal barrier dysfunction compared with control subjects. This study offers novel evidence of alterations of the microbiome in congenital heart disease and exacerbation along with intestinal barrier dysfunction following cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- CHD, congenital heart disease
- CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- EBD, epithelial barrier dysfunction
- FABP2, fatty acid binding protein 2
- LCOS, low–cardiac output syndrome
- NPO, nil per os
- OTU, operational taxonomic unit
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- RA, relative abundance
- bacterial interactions
- cardiovascular disease
- enteric bacterial microflora
- intestinal barrier function
- intestinal microbiology
- rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Bardhan P, Borah M, Sarkar A, Eldiehy KSH, Bhuyan S, Mandal M. Microbial biofilm: A matter of grave concern for human health and food industry. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:380-395. [PMID: 33615511 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic microorganisms have adapted different strategies during the course of time to invade host defense mechanisms and overcome the effect of potent antibiotics. The formation of biofilm on both biotic and abiotic surfaces by microorganisms is one such strategy to resist and survive even in presence of antibiotics and other adverse environmental conditions. Biofilm is a safe home of microorganisms embedded within self-produced extracellular polymeric substances comprising of polysaccharides, extracellular proteins, nucleic acid, and water. It is because of this adaptation strategy that pathogenic microorganisms are taking a heavy toll on the health and life of organisms. In this review, we discuss the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms on tissues and medically implanted devices in human beings. We also focus on food spoilage, disease outbreaks, biofilm-associated deaths, burden on economy, and other major concerns of biofilm-forming pathogenic microorganisms in food industries like dairy, poultry, ready-to-eat food, meat, and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil A Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Pritam Bardhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Munmi Borah
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Anupama Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Khalifa S H Eldiehy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shuvam Bhuyan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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34
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Indoor Air Pollution with Fine Particles and Implications for Workers’ Health in Dental Offices: A Brief Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13020599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Indoor air pollution can affect the well-being and health of humans. Sources of indoor pollution with particulate matter (PM) are outdoor particles and indoor causes, such as construction materials, the use of cleaning products, air fresheners, heating, cooking, and smoking activities. In 2017, according to the Global Burden of Disease study, 1.6 million people died prematurely because of indoor air pollution. The health effects of outdoor exposure to PM have been the subject of both research and regulatory action, and indoor exposure to fine particles is gaining more and more attention as a potential source of adverse health effects. Moreover, in critical situations such as the current pandemic crisis, to protect the health of the population, patients, and staff in all areas of society (particularly in indoor environments, where there are vulnerable groups, such as people who have pre-existing lung conditions, patients, elderly people, and healthcare professionals such as dental practitioners), there is an urgent need to improve long- and short-term health. Exposure to aerosols and splatter contaminated with bacteria, viruses, and blood produced during dental procedures performed on patients rarely leads to the transmission of infectious agents between patients and dental health care staff if infection prevention procedures are strictly followed. On the other hand, in the current circumstances of the pandemic crisis, dental practitioners could have an occupational risk of acquiring coronavirus disease as they may treat asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic patients. Consequently, an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection could occur in dental offices, both for staff that provide dental healthcare and for other patients, considering that many dental procedures produce droplets and dental aerosols, which carry an infectious virus such as SARS-CoV-2. (2) Types of studies reviewed and applied methodology: The current work provides a critical review and evaluation, as well as perspectives concerning previous studies on health risks of indoor exposure to PM in dental offices. The authors reviewed representative dental medicine literature focused on sources of indoor PM10 and PM2.5 (particles for which the aerodynamic diameter size is respectively less than 10 and 2.5 μm) in indoor spaces (paying specific attention to dental offices) and their characteristics and toxicological effects in indoor microenvironments. The authors also reviewed representative studies on relations between the indoor air quality and harmful effects, as well as studies on possible indoor viral infections acquired through airborne and droplet transmission. The method employed for the research illustrated in the current paper involved a desk study of documents and records relating to occupational health problems among dental health care providers. In this way, it obtained background information on both the main potential hazards in dentistry and infection risks from aerosol transmission within dental offices. Reviewing this kind of information, especially that relating to bioaerosols, is critical for minimizing the risk to dental staff and patients, particularly when new recommendations for COVID-19 risk reduction for the dental health professional community and patients attending dental clinics are strongly needed. (3) Results: The investigated studies and reports obtained from the medical literature showed that, even if there are a wide number of studies on indoor human exposure to fine particles and health effects, more deep research and specific studies on indoor air pollution with fine particles and implications for workers’ health in dental offices are needed. As dental practices are at a higher risk for hazardous indoor air because of exposure to chemicals and microbes, the occupational exposures and diseases must be addressed, with special attention being paid to the dental staff. The literature also documents that exposure to fine particles in dental offices can be minimized by putting prevention into practice (personal protection barriers such as masks, gloves, and safety eyeglasses) and also keeping indoor air clean (e.g., high-volume evacuation, the use of an air-room-cleaning system with high-efficiency particulate filters, and regularly maintaining the air-conditioning and ventilation systems). These kinds of considerations are extremely important as the impact of indoor pollution on human health is no longer an individual issue, with its connections representing a future part of sustainability which is currently being redefined. These kinds of considerations are extremely important, and the authors believe that a better situation in dentistry needs to be developed, with researchers in materials and dental health trying to understand and explain the impact of indoor pollution on human health.
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Yaghoubfar R, Behrouzi A, Fateh A, Nojoumi SA, Vaziri F, Khatami S, Siadat SD. Effects of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii on serotonin transporter expression in intestinal epithelial cells. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1-5. [PMID: 34222056 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The highest level of peripheral serotonin in the body can be found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as its reservoir. There is complete interaction between human gastrointestinal microbiota and serotonin system. Serotonin in the GI is transferred by serotonin transporters (SERTs), which play a crucial role in the bioavailability of serotonin in the GI. SERT impairment is associated with the pathology of GI disorders. It is known that intestinal microbiota can regulate the SERT function. Therefore, it may be useful to regulate of SERT expression by modulation of microbiota and improvement of intestinal motility and GI sensation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of two next-generation probiotics, including Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and their supernatants on SERT gene expression in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2). Methods The Caco-2 cells were treated with multiplicity of infection (MOI) ratio of 100 of A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii, as well as their supernatants. After 24 h, SERT gene expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. Results A. muciniphila up-regulated the SERT mRNA level by 3.01 folds, compared to the control group. F. prausnitzii, similar to A. muciniphila, increased the expression of SERT gene in Caco-2 cells by 3.43 folds (P < 0.001). Moreover, the supernatants of A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii significantly up-regulated the expression of SERT gene in the cell line by 2.4 and 5.7 folds, respectively, compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions The present results showed that A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii, as well as their supernatants, increased the expression of SERT gene in Caco-2 cells. Therefore, they might be helpful in the microbiota-modulating treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Yaghoubfar
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Behrouzi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Nojoumi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Khatami
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Yehualashet AS, Yikna BB. Microbial Ecosystem in Diabetes Mellitus: Consideration of the Gastrointestinal System. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1841-1854. [PMID: 33953584 PMCID: PMC8089103 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s304497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is established to be a crucial element in the control of human health, and keeping the symbiotic relationship between the human body and intestinal microbes will have paramount importance. A number of investigations illustrated that many chronic diseases are associated with intestinal micro-ecological disorders implying intestinal floras as an important component among the environmental factors, and perturbations in their composition are correlated with metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM). Increased evidence suggests that alterations in the gut microbial ecosystem have been involved in part in the pathogenesis of both type 1 and type 2 DM. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), derived from microbiota, have been studied for their potential action in modulating CNS, gut barrier axis, and the immune system as a promising mechanism for the observed protective effects on diabetes pathogenesis. Besides, the role of bile acid (BA) stimulated receptors to have a significant role in liver metabolism, and pathophysiology of liver-based metabolic diseases has also been investigated. In the current review, we will try to summarize the correlation between intestinal microbiota and diabetes considering the existing current evidence revealing the role of gut microbiota in onset and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awgichew Shewasinad Yehualashet
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Awgichew Shewasinad Yehualashet Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, PO Box 445, Debre Berhan, EthiopiaTel +251 935450290 Email
| | - Berhan Begashaw Yikna
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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Lactobacillus sakei ADM14 Induces Anti-Obesity Effects and Changes in Gut Microbiome in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123703. [PMID: 33266101 PMCID: PMC7761388 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus sakei (L. sakei) ADM14 administration in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model and the resulting changes in the intestinal microbiota. Prior to in vivo testing, L. sakei ADM14 was shown to inhibit adipogenesis through in vitro test and genetic analysis. Subsequently, mice were orally administered 0.85% saline supplemented or not with L. sakei ADM14 to high-fat diet group and normal diet group daily. The results showed that administration of L. sakei ADM14 reduced weight gain, epididymal fat expansion, and total blood cholesterol and glucose levels, and significantly decreased expression of lipid-related genes in the epididymal fat pad. Administration of L. sakei ADM14 showed improvement in terms of energy harvesting while restoring the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and also increased the relative abundance of specific microbial taxa such as Bacteroides faecichinchillae and Alistipes, which are abundant in non-obese people. L. sakei ADM14 affected the modulation of gut microbiota, altered the strain profile of short-chain fatty acid production in the cecum and enhanced the stimulation of butyrate production. Overall, L. sakei ADM14 showed potential as a therapeutic probiotic supplement for metabolic disorders, confirming the positive changes of in vivo indicators and controlling gut microbiota in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model.
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Dash HR, Das S. Thanatomicrobiome and epinecrotic community signatures for estimation of post-mortem time interval in human cadaver. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9497-9512. [PMID: 33001249 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Estimation of post-mortem time interval (PMI) is a key parameter in the forensic investigation which poses a huge challenge to the medico-legal experts. The succession of microbes within different parts of the human body after death has shown huge potential in the determination of PMI. Human body harbors trillions of microorganisms as commensals. With the death of an individual when biological functions are stopped, these microorganisms behave contrarily along with the invasion of degrading microbes from the environment. Human cadaver becomes a rich source of nutrients due to autolysis of cells, which attracts various invading microorganisms as well as macroorganisms. At different stages of degradation, the succession of microorganisms differs significantly which can be explored for accurate PMI estimation. With the advent of microbial genomics technique and reduction in the cost of DNA sequencing, thanatomicrobiome and epinecrotic community analysis have gained huge attention in PMI estimation. The article summarizes different sources of microorganisms in a human cadaver, their succession pattern, and analytical techniques for application in the field of microbial forensics. KEY POINTS: • Thanatomicrobiome and epinecrotic microbiome develop in postmortem human body. • Lack of metabolic, immune, neuroendocrine systems facilitate microbial succession. • Analysis of postmortem microbial communities predicts accurate PMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirak Ranjan Dash
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Bhadbhada Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462003, India.
| | - Surajit Das
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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The effects of a mixture of Lactobacillus species on colorectal tumor cells activity through modulation of Hes1 pathway. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Olaniyi KS, Moodley J, Mahabeer Y, Mackraj I. Placental Microbial Colonization and Its Association With Pre-eclampsia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:413. [PMID: 32903432 PMCID: PMC7434969 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence and role of the microbiome in regulating physiological and pathophysiological conditions including metabolism, energy homeostasis, immune tolerance, behavior, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular-related diseases is of immense interest. It is now clear that the human placenta is not sterile, but rather colonized with microbes. The placental and vaginal microbiomes are distinct however, the placental microbiome is comparable with the oral microbiome, with a limited variation when compared with the gut microbiome. Pre-eclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder, remains the leading cause of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. This is largely due to the lack of a clear etiology of PE and consequently, diagnostic strategies, and treatment are sub-optimal. The present review focuses on the current understanding of the placental microbiome and its implication in the etiology of PE. It provides a perspective on the alteration of placental microbiome as a possible therapeutic approach in the prevention and management of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Yesholata Mahabeer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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ALP D, KULEAŞAN H. Determination of competition and adhesion abilities of lactic acid bacteria against gut pathogens in a whole-tissue model. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2020; 39:250-258. [PMID: 33117624 PMCID: PMC7573109 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2020-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In an intestinal system with a balanced microbial diversity, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the key element which prevents the colonization and invasion of gut pathogens. Adhesion ability is important for the colonization and competition abilities of LAB. The aim of this study was to determine the adhesion and competition abilities of LAB by using a whole-tissue model. Indigenous strains were isolated from spontaneously fermented foods like cheese and pickles. The aggregation and competition abilities of the isolates were determined, as well as their resistance to gastrointestinal conditions. Four Lactobacillus strains and one Weissella strain were found to be highly competitive against three major gut pathogens, namely Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Enteritidis. Tested strains decreased the number of pathogens to below their disease-causing levels. According to the results, the numbers of C. difficile and L. monocytogenes bacteria decreased by an average of 3 log, and their adhesion rates decreased by approximately 50%. However, the number of S. Enteritidis bacteria was decreased by only 1 log compared with its initial number. We thought that the weak effect on Salmonella was due to its possession of many virulence factors. The results showed that natural isolates from sources other than human specimens like the Weissella strain in this study were quite competent when compared with the human isolates in terms of their adhesion to intestines and resistance to gastrointestinal tract conditions. It was also revealed that a whole-tissue model with all-natural layers can be successfully used in adhesion and competition tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu ALP
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Isparta 32260, Turkey
| | - Hakan KULEAŞAN
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Isparta 32260, Turkey
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Flavodoxins as Novel Therapeutic Targets against Helicobacter pylori and Other Gastric Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051881. [PMID: 32164177 PMCID: PMC7084853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavodoxins are small soluble electron transfer proteins widely present in bacteria and absent in vertebrates. Flavodoxins participate in different metabolic pathways and, in some bacteria, they have been shown to be essential proteins representing promising therapeutic targets to fight bacterial infections. Using purified flavodoxin and chemical libraries, leads can be identified that block flavodoxin function and act as bactericidal molecules, as it has been demonstrated for Helicobacter pylori (Hp), the most prevalent human gastric pathogen. Increasing antimicrobial resistance by this bacterium has led current therapies to lose effectiveness, so alternative treatments are urgently required. Here, we summarize, with a focus on flavodoxin, opportunities for pharmacological intervention offered by the potential protein targets described for this bacterium and provide information on other gastrointestinal pathogens and also on bacteria from the gut microbiota that contain flavodoxin. The process of discovery and development of novel antimicrobials specific for Hp flavodoxin that is being carried out in our group is explained, as it can be extrapolated to the discovery of inhibitors specific for other gastric pathogens. The high specificity for Hp of the antimicrobials developed may be of help to reduce damage to the gut microbiota and to slow down the development of resistant Hp mutants.
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Sakkas H, Bozidis P, Touzios C, Kolios D, Athanasiou G, Athanasopoulou E, Gerou I, Gartzonika C. Nutritional Status and the Influence of the Vegan Diet on the Gut Microbiota and Human Health. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E88. [PMID: 32098430 PMCID: PMC7073751 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is considered a well-known complex ecosystem composed of distinct microbial populations, playing a significant role in most aspects of human health and wellness. Several factors such as infant transitions, dietary habits, age, consumption of probiotics and prebiotics, use of antibiotics, intestinal comorbidities, and even metabolic diseases may continously alter microbiota diversity and function. The study of vegan diet-microbiota interactions is a rapidly evolving field, since plenty of research has been focused on the potential effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the human gut microbiota. It has been reported that well-planned vegan diets and their associated components affect both the bacterial composition and metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. Certain benefits associated with medical disorders but also limitations (including nutritional deficiencies) have been documented. Although the vegan diet may be inadequate in calorific value, it is rich in dietary fiber, polyphenols, and antioxidant vitamins. The aim of the present study was to provide an update of the existing knowledge on nutritional status of vegan diets and the influence of their food components on the human gut microbiota and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hercules Sakkas
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Petros Bozidis
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Christos Touzios
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.T.); (D.K.); (G.A.); (E.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Damianos Kolios
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.T.); (D.K.); (G.A.); (E.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Georgia Athanasiou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.T.); (D.K.); (G.A.); (E.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Eirini Athanasopoulou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.T.); (D.K.); (G.A.); (E.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Ioanna Gerou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.T.); (D.K.); (G.A.); (E.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Constantina Gartzonika
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.B.); (C.G.)
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Yurtdaş G, Akdevelioğlu Y. A New Approach to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Gut Microbiota. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:371-382. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1657515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Yurtdaş
- Nutrition and Dietetic Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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