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Zhang S, Cui Z, Zhang H, Wang P, Wang F, Zhang J. Pea Albumin Extracted from Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Seeds Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipogenesis and Lipolysis Pathways. Nutrients 2024; 16:2232. [PMID: 39064674 PMCID: PMC11280122 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most prevalent liver disease globally. Pea albumin (PA) has demonstrated positive impacts on reducing obesity and improving glucose metabolism. In this research, a mouse model of NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) was employed to examine the impact of PA on NAFLD and explore its potential mechanisms. The findings revealed that mice subjected to a HFD developed pronounced fatty liver alterations. The intervention with PA significantly lowered serum TC by 26.81%, TG by 43.55%, and LDL-C by 57.79%. It also elevated HDL-C levels by 1.2 fold and reduced serum ALT by 37.94% and AST by 31.21% in mice fed a HFD. These changes contributed to the reduction in hepatic steatosis and lipid accumulation. Additionally, PA improved insulin resistance and inhibited hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Mechanistic studies revealed that PA alleviated lipid accumulation in HFD-induced NAFLD by activating the phosphorylation of AMPKα and ACC, inhibiting the expression of SREBF1 and FASN to reduce hepatic lipogenesis, and increasing the expression of ATGL, PPARα, and PPARγ to promote lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. These results indicate that PA could serve as a dietary supplement for alleviating NAFLD, offering a theoretical foundation for the rational intake of PA in NAFLD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (S.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Zhengwu Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (S.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Pengjie Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (S.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Fuqing Wang
- Tibet Tianhong Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Lhasa 850000, China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
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Moetlediwa MT, Jack BU, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Pheiffer C, Titinchi SJJ, Salifu EY, Ramharack P. Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin and Synthetic Derivatives: A Computational Approach to Anti-Obesity Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2603. [PMID: 38473849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds such as curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from the rhizome of turmeric, have gathered remarkable scientific interest due to their diverse metabolic benefits including anti-obesity potential. However, curcumin faces challenges stemming from its unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile. To address this issue, synthetic curcumin derivatives aimed at enhancing the biological efficacy of curcumin have previously been developed. In silico modelling techniques have gained significant recognition in screening synthetic compounds as drug candidates. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of three synthetic derivatives of curcumin. This evaluation was conducted in comparison to curcumin, with a specific emphasis on examining their impact on adipogenesis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism as potential therapeutic targets of obesity mechanisms. In this study, predictive toxicity screening confirmed the safety of curcumin, with the curcumin derivatives demonstrating a safe profile based on their LD50 values. The synthetic curcumin derivative 1A8 exhibited inactivity across all selected toxicity endpoints. Furthermore, these compounds were deemed viable candidate drugs as they adhered to Lipinski's rules and exhibited favorable metabolic profiles. Molecular docking studies revealed that both curcumin and its synthetic derivatives exhibited favorable binding scores, whilst molecular dynamic simulations showed stable binding with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), csyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) proteins. The binding free energy calculations indicated that curcumin displayed potential as a strong regulator of PPARγ (-60.2 ± 0.4 kcal/mol) and FAS (-37.9 ± 0.3 kcal/mol), whereas 1A8 demonstrated robust binding affinity with COX2 (-64.9 ± 0.2 kcal/mol). In conclusion, the results from this study suggest that the three synthetic curcumin derivatives have similar molecular interactions to curcumin with selected biological targets. However, in vitro and in vivo experimental studies are recommended to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marakiya T Moetlediwa
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Babalwa U Jack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | | | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Salam J J Titinchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Elliasu Y Salifu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Dumlu Bilgin G, Büyükuslu N, Eyüpoğlu OE, Cumbul A. Co-administration of curcumin and polyamines in high-fat diet induced obese rats: Assessment of changes in serum polyamine levels and some tissue parameters. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 169:106784. [PMID: 37726052 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a non-communicable chronic disease that continues to increase around the world. Recently, it has been shown that curcumin positively affects lipid, energy metabolism, and body weight change. Moreover, polyamines are aliphatic polycations, which can be found in all mammalian cells and foods and have been shown to prevent obesity through many different mechanisms. However, whether the co-administration of curcumin and polyamines has synergistic effects has yet to be clarified. Our study aimed to examine the effects of curcumin and polyamines on obesity and to assess the changes in serum polyamine levels and tissue parameters. 28 Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks to develop obesity, and then they were randomly divided into 4 groups as the control group (CONT), curcumin group (CUR), polyamine group (POL), curcumin and polyamine group (CUR+POL) and supplements were administered for 6 weeks. As a result, the lowest feed consumption in rats was recorded in the CUR+POL group, and the group with the lowest weight after supplements was the POL group, then the CUR+POL, CONT, and CUR groups, respectively. N-acetyl putrescine and GABA levels increased significantly after obesity development. The total histopathological score in fat, liver, and kidney tissues increased significantly in the CONT group. In the CUR+POL group, damage to the tissues was in the direction of recovery compared to the other groups, and the expression of NF-κB was significantly low. These results suggest that combined curcumin and polyamines may have protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Dumlu Bilgin
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nihal Büyükuslu
- Istanbul Medipol University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan Emre Eyüpoğlu
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Cumbul
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhang J, Jia L. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides improve lipid metabolism against high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116321. [PMID: 36868439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a kind of traditional medicinal fungi, Ganoderma lucidum has been employed as folk medicine in China against multiple metabolic diseases on account of its superior bioactivities. Recently, accumulated reports have investigated the protective effects of G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) on ameliorating dyslipidemia. However, the specific mechanism by which GLP improves dyslipidemia is not completely clear. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of GLP on high-fatdiet-induced hyperlipidemia and exploring its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GLP was successfully obtained from G. lucidum mycelium. The mice were conducted with high-fatdiet to establish the hyperlipidemia model. Biochemical determination, histological analysis, immunofluorescence, western blot and real-time qPCR were used to assess the alterations in high-fatdiet-treated mice after the GLP intervention. RESULTS It was found that GLP administration significantly decreased body weight gain and the excessive lipid levels, and partly alleviated tissue injury. Oxidative stress and inflammations were efficiently ameliorated after the treatment of GLP by activing Nrf2-Keap1 and inhibiting NF-κB signal pathways. GLP promoted cholesterol reverse transport by LXRα-ABCA1/ABCG1 signaling, increased the expressions of CYP7A1 and CYP27A1 responsible for bile acids production, accompanied by inhibition of intestinal FXR-FGF15 levels. Besides, multiple target proteins involved in lipid metabolism were also significantly modulated under the intervention of GLP. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggested that GLP showed potential lipid-lowering effects and its possible mechanism was involved in improving oxidative stress and inflammation response, modulating bile acids synthesis and lipid regulatory factors, and promoting reverse cholesterol transport, thereby suggesting that GLP may possibly used as a dietary supplement or medication for the adjuvant therapy for hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Yaohan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, PR China.
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, PR China.
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Mailafiya MM, Abubakar K, Chiroma SM, Danmaigoro A, Zyoud TYT, Rahim EBA, Moklas MAM, Zakaria ZAB. Curcumin-loaded cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles ameliorates lead-induced neurotoxicity in rats via attenuation of oxidative stress. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:2211-2231. [PMID: 37181299 PMCID: PMC10171497 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial global health burden is associated with neurotoxicity caused by lead (Pb) exposure and the common mechanism of this toxicity is mainly via oxidative damage. Curcumin has remarkable pharmacological activities but remains clinically constrained due to its poor bioavailability when orally administered. Currently, cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticle (CSCaCO3NP) is gaining more acceptance in nanomedicine as a nanocarrier to various therapeutics. This study aimed at investigating the ameliorative effect of curcumin-loaded CSCaCO3NP (Cur-CSCaCO3NP) on lead-induced neurotoxicity in rats. A total of 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into five groups. Each group consists of 6 rats apart from the control group which consists of 12 rats. During the 4 weeks induction phase, all rats received a flat dose of 50 mg/kg of lead while the control group received normal saline. The treatment phase lasted for 4 weeks, and all rats received various doses of treatments as follows: group C (Cur 100) received 100 mg/kg of curcumin, group D (Cur-CSCaCO3NP 50) received 50 mg/kg of Cur-CSCaCO3NP, and group E (Cur-CSCaCO3NP 100) received 100 mg/kg of Cur-CSCaCO3NP. The motor function test was carried out using the horizontal bar method. The cerebral and cerebellar oxidative biomarker levels were estimated using ELISA and enzyme assay kits. Lead-administered rats revealed a significant decrease in motor scores and SOD activities with a resultant increase in MDA levels. Furthermore, marked cellular death of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex was observed. Conversely, treatment with Cur-CSCaCO3NP demonstrated enhanced ameliorative effects when compared with free curcumin treatment by significantly reversing the aforementioned alterations caused by lead. Thus, CSCaCO3NP enhanced the efficacy of curcumin by ameliorating the lead-induced neurotoxicity via enhanced attenuation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Muhammad Mailafiya
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy College of Medicine Federal University Lafia Lafia Nigeria
| | - Kabeer Abubakar
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy College of Medicine Federal University Lafia Lafia Nigeria
| | - Samaila Musa Chiroma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria
| | - Abubakar Danmaigoro
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Usman Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria
| | - Tawfiq Y T Zyoud
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Ezamin Bin Abdul Rahim
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria
- Department of Preclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
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Hellmann PH, Bagger JI, Carlander KR, Hansen KB, Forman JL, Størling J, Chabanova E, Holst J, Vilsbøll T, Knop FK. No effect of the turmeric root phenol curcumin on prednisolone-induced glucometabolic perturbations in men with overweight or obesity. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:EC-22-0334. [PMID: 36800259 PMCID: PMC10083679 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preclinically, curcumin has been shown to protect against glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance. We evaluated the effect of curcumin administered with prednisolone in healthy overweight or obese men. METHODS In a double-blind, parallel-group trial, 24 overweight/obese non-diabetic men were randomised to one of three intervention groups (A) prednisolone placebo+curcumin placebo, (B) prednisolone (50 mg/day)+curcumin placebo or (C) prednisolone and curcumin (400 mg/day). Curcumin or curcumin placebo treatment started 1 day prior to 10-day prednisolone or prednisolone placebo treatment. The primary endpoint was change in prednisolone-induced insulin resistance assessed by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR). Other endpoints included anthropometric measurements, magnetic resonance spectroscopy-assessed hepatic fat content, blood pressure, circulating metabolic markers and continuous glucose monitoring measures. RESULTS Baseline characteristics (mean ± s.d): age 44.2 ± 13.7 years, BMI 30.1 ± 3.5 kg/m2, HbAlc 33.3 ± 3.2 mmol/mol, HOMA2-IR 1.10 ± 0.45 and fasting plasma glucose 5.2 ± 0.4 mmol/L. Prednisolone significantly increased HOMA2-IR (estimated treatment difference 0.36 (95% CI 0.16; 0.57)). Co-treatment with curcumin had no effect on HOMA2-IR (estimated treatment difference 0.08 (95% CI -0.13; 0.39)). Prednisolone increased HbAlc, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, blood pressure, mean interstitial glucose, time spent in hyperglycaemia and glucose variability, but no protective effect of curcumin on any of these measures was observed. CONCLUSIONS In this double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group study involving 24 overweight or obese men randomised to one of three treatment arms, curcumin treatment had no protective effect on prednisolone-induced insulin resistance or other glucometabolic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille H Hellmann
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonatan I Bagger
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Katrine R Carlander
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Katrine B Hansen
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Julie L Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joachim Størling
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Elizaveta Chabanova
- Department of Radiology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jens Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Vilsbøll
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Rabiee R, Hosseini Hooshiar S, Ghaderi A, Jafarnejad S. Schizophrenia, Curcumin and Minimizing Side Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs: Possible Mechanisms. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:713-724. [PMID: 36357748 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by episodes of psychosis; major symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. More recent theories focus on particular disorders of interneurons, dysfunctions in the immune system, abnormalities in the formation of myelin, and augmented oxidative stress that lead to alterations in brain structure. Decreased dopaminergic activity and increased phospholipid metabolism in the prefrontal cortex might be involved in schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia have many side effects. Alternative therapy such as curcumin (CUR) can reduce the severity of symptoms without significant side effects. CUR has important therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial functions and protection of the nervous system. Also, the ability of CUR to pass the blood-brain barrier raises new hopes for neuroprotection. CUR can improve and prevent further probable neurological and behavioral disorders in patients with schizophrenia. It decreases the side effects of neuroleptics and retains lipid homeostasis. CUR increases the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and improves hyperkinetic movement disorders. CUR may act as an added counteraction mechanism to retain cell integrity and defense against free radical injury. Thus it appears to have therapeutic potential for improvement of schizophrenia. In this study, we review several properties of CUR and its ability to improve schizophrenia and minimize the side effects of antipsychotic drugs, and we explore the underlying mechanisms by which CUR affects schizophrenia and its symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Rabiee
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Hosseini Hooshiar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Ghaderi
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medicine and Clinical Research Development Unit, Matini/Kargarnejad Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Jafarnejad
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Albaqami JJ, Hamdi H, Narayanankutty A, Visakh NU, Sasidharan A, Kuttithodi AM, Famurewa AC, Pathrose B. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of Curcuma longa, Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma angustifolia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1547. [PMID: 36358202 PMCID: PMC9686912 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcuma species are widely used as a food additive and also in various medicinal purposes. The plant is a rich source of essential oil and is predominantly extracted from the rhizomes. On the other hand, the leaves of the plants are usually considered as an agrowaste. The valorization of these Curcuma leaf wastes into essential oils is becoming accepted globally. In the present study, we aim to extract essential oils from the leaves of Curcuma longa (LEO), C. aromatica (REO), and C. anguistifolia (NEO). The chemical composition of these essential oils was analyzed by GC-MS. Free radical scavenging properties were evaluated against the radical sources, including DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide. The antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration analysis against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica) bacteria. Results identified the compounds α-phellandrene, 2-carene, and eucalyptol as predominant in LEO. The REO was predominated by camphor, 2-bornanone, and curdione. The main components detected in NEO were eucalyptol, curzerenone, α-lemenone, longiverbenone, and α-curcumene. Antioxidant properties were higher in the LEO with IC50 values of 8.62 ± 0.18, 9.21 ± 0.29, and 4.35 ± 0.16 µg/mL, against DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide radicals. The cytotoxic activity was also evident against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells; the LEO was found to be the most active against these two cell lines (IC50 values of 40.74 ± 2.19 and 45.17 ± 2.36 µg/mL). Likewise, the results indicated a higher antibacterial activity for Curcuma longa essential oil with respective IC50 values (20.6 ± 0.3, 22.2 ± 0.3, 20.4 ± 0.2, and 17.6 ± 0.2 mm). Hence, the present study confirms the possible utility of leaf agrowastes of different Curcuma spp. as a possible source of essential oils with pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher J. Albaqami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamida Hamdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Naduvilthara U. Visakh
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India
| | - Anju Sasidharan
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki 482131, Nigeria
| | - Berin Pathrose
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India
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9
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Hellmann PH, Bagger JI, Carlander KR, Forman J, Chabanova E, Svenningsen JS, Holst JJ, Gillum MP, Vilsbøll T, Knop FK. The effect of curcumin on hepatic fat content in individuals with obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:2192-2202. [PMID: 35775631 PMCID: PMC9804166 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of curcumin treatment on hepatic fat content in obese individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a double-blind, parallel-group trial, 37 obese, non-diabetic individuals were randomized to placebo or curcumin treatment for 6 weeks. Curcumin was dosed as lecithin-formulated tablet; 200 mg twice daily. The primary endpoint was hepatic fat content as assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Other endpoints included anthropometric measurements, hepatic biomarkers including FibroScan measurements, metabolic variables, inflammation markers, appetite measures and ad libitum food intake. RESULTS Baseline characteristics (mean ± SD) were age 46 ± 14 years, hepatic fat content 12.2% ± 8.8% points, body mass index 38.8 ± 6.1 kg/m2 and waist circumference 125.8 ± 12.3 cm. After 6 weeks of treatment with curcumin, hepatic fat content was changed by -0.86% points (95% CI -3.65; 1.94) compared with 0.71% points (95% CI - 2.08; 3.51) with placebo, thus resulting in a non-significant estimated treatment difference of -1.57% points (95% CI -5.36; 2.22, P = .412). Compared with placebo, curcumin treatment caused small reductions in fasting plasma glucose (estimated treatment difference [ETD] - 0.24 mmol/L [95% CI -0.45; -0.03]), triglycerides (ETD [percentage change] -20.22% [95% CI -33.21; -6.03]) and gamma glutamyltransferase (ETD [percentage change] -15.70% [95% CI -23.32; -7.32]), but except for gamma glutamyltransferase, none of these differences remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiple testing. Treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Compared with placebo, curcumin treatment for 6 weeks had no significant effect on MRS-assessed hepatic fat content in obese individuals with primarily mild steatosis. Curcumin was well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille H. Hellmann
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenHellerupDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jonatan I. Bagger
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenHellerupDenmark
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenHerlevDenmark
| | - Katrine R. Carlander
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenHellerupDenmark
| | - Julie Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Elizaveta Chabanova
- Department of Radiology, Herlev HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenHerlevDenmark
| | - Jens S. Svenningsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jens J. Holst
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Matthew P. Gillum
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Tina Vilsbøll
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenHellerupDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenHerlevDenmark
| | - Filip K. Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenHellerupDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenHerlevDenmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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10
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Gao TH, Liao W, Lin LT, Zhu ZP, Lu MG, Fu CM, Xie T. Curcumae rhizoma and its major constituents against hepatobiliary disease: Pharmacotherapeutic properties and potential clinical applications. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154090. [PMID: 35580439 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatobiliary disease currently serves as an urgent health issue in public due to health-modulating factors such as extension of life expectancy, increasingly sedentary lifestyles and over-nutrition. A definite treatment remains lacking owing to different stages of the disease itself and its intricate pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been gradually popularized in clinic with the satisfactory efficacy and good safety. Curcumae Rhizoma (called E Zhu, EZ in Chinese) is a representative herb, which has been used to treat hepatobiliary disease for thousands of years. PURPOSE To systematically summarize the recent research advances on the pharmacological activities of EZ and its constituents, explain the underlying mechanisms of preventing and treating hepatobiliary diseases, and assess the shortcomings of existing work. Besides, ethnopharmacology, phytochemicals, and toxicology of EZ have been researched. METHODS The information about EZ was collected from various sources including classic books about Chinese herbal medicine, and scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, ACS, SCOPUS, CNKI, CSTJ, and WANFANG using keywords given below and terms like pharmacological and phytochemical details of this plant. RESULTS The chemical constituents isolated and identified from EZ, such as terpenoids including β-elemene, furanodiene, germacrone, etc. and curcuminoids including curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, etc. prove to have hepatoprotective effect, anti-liver fibrotic effect, anti-fatty liver effect, anti-liver neoplastic effect, and cholagogic effect through TGF-β1/Smad, JNK1/2-ROS, NF-κB and other anti-inflammatory and antioxidant signaling pathways. Also, EZ is often combined with other Chinese herbs in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases with good clinical efficacy and no obvious adverse reactions. CONCLUSION It provides a preclinical basis for the efficacy of EZ as an effective therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of hepatobiliary diseases. Even so, the further studies still needed to alleviate hepatotoxicity and expand clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Li-Ting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zong-Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mei-Gui Lu
- Huachiew TCM Hospital, Bangkok 10100, Thailand
| | - Chao-Mei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
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11
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Abd‐Elrazek AM, Ibrahim SR, El‐dash HA. The ameliorative effect of Apium graveolens & curcumin against Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fructose-high fat diet in rats. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition resulting from fat aggregates in liver cells and is associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and oxidative stress. The present work was designed to investigate the role of celery and curcumin against high-fructose–high-fat (HFHF) diet-induced NAFLD in rats. Thirty male rats were classified into five groups: GP1: control group (rats were fed a normal control diet), GP2: HFHF group as a positive control (rats were fed a HFHF diet) for 20 weeks, GP3: HFHF + sily group, GP4: HFHF + celery group, and GP5: HFHF + cur group (rats in 3, 4, and 5 were treated as in the HFHF group for 16 weeks, then combined treatment daily by gavage for 4 weeks with either silymarin (as a reference drug, 50 mg/kg bw) or celery (300 mg/kg bw) or curcumin (200 mg/kg bw), respectively. The progression of NAFLD was evaluated by estimating tissue serum liver enzymes, glycemic profile, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers in liver tissue, and histopathological examination. Moreover, DNA fragmentation and the released lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, β-galactosidase, and N-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase) were estimated.
Results
Our results showed that HFHF administration for 16 weeks caused liver enzymes elevation, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, increased hepatic MDA levels along with a decline in GSH levels were observed in the HFHF group as compared to the control group. The results were confirmed by a histopathological study, which showed pathological changes in the HFHF group. DNA fragmentation was also observed, and the lysosomal enzyme activities were increased. On the other hand, oral supplementation of celery and cur improved all these changes compared with positive control groups and HFHF + sily (as a reference drug). Moreover, celery, as well as curcumin co-treatment, reduced HFHF-enhanced DNA fragmentation and inhibited elevated lysosomal enzymes. The celery combined treatment showed the most pronounced ameliorative impact, even more than silymarin did.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that celery and curcumin consumption may exhibit ameliorative impacts against NALFD progression, while celery showed more ameliorative effect in all parameters.
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12
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Vafaeipour Z, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its constituent (curcumin) on the metabolic syndrome: An updated review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 20:193-203. [PMID: 35292209 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) involves people with the following risk factors: obesity, hypertension, high glucose level and hyperlipidemia. It can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of MS in the world's adult population is about 20%-25%. Today, there is much care to use medicinal plants. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) as well as curcumin which is derived from the rhizome of the plant, has been shown beneficial effects on different components of MS. Thus, the purpose of this manuscript was to introduce different in vitro, in vivo and human studies regarding the effect of turmeric and its constituent on MS. Moreover, different mechanisms of action by which this plant overcomes MS have been introduced. Based on studies, turmeric and its bioactive component, curcumin, due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, have antidiabetic effects through increasing insulin release, antihyperlipidemic effects by increasing fatty acid uptake, anti-obesity effects by decreasing lipogenesis, and antihypertensive effects by increasing nitric oxide. According to several in vivo, in vitro and human studies, it can be concluded that turmeric or curcumin has important values as a complementary therapy in MS. However, more clinical trials should be done to confirm these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Vafaeipour
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Bibi Marjan Razavi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran; Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran.
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Silva-Gaona OG, Hernández-Ortiz M, Vargas-Ortiz K, Ramírez-Emiliano J, Garay-Sevilla ME, Encarnación-Guevara S, Pérez-Vázquez V. Curcumin prevents proteins expression changes of oxidative phosphorylation, cellular stress response, and lipid metabolism proteins in liver of mice fed a high-fructose diet. J Proteomics 2022; 263:104595. [PMID: 35490921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Increased fructose consumption has been associated with the development of metabolic diseases due to the modification in protein expression, altering metabolic and signaling pathways. Curcumin is a natural compound with a regulatory effect on genes and metabolic pathways. To identify the fructose-induced protein expression changes and the effect of curcumin on the change of protein expression in the liver of mice fed a standard diet and a high fructose diet, to elucidate the global role of curcumin. Four groups (n = 4/group) of male mice (C57BL6J) of six-weeks-old were formed. One group received a standard diet (C); another received curcumin at 0.75% w/w in the feed (C + C); one more received 30% w/v fructose in drinking water (F); and one group received 30% w/v fructose in drinking water and 0.75% w/w curcumin in food (F + C); for 15 weeks. Proteomic analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS, using the label-free technique with the MaxQuant programs for identification and Perseus for expression change analysis. Differentially expressed proteins (fold change ≥1.5 and p < 0.5) were analyzed by gene ontology and KEGG. A total of 1047 proteins were identified, of which 113 changed their expression in mice fed fructose, compared to the control group, and curcumin modified the expression of 64 proteins in mice fed fructose and curcumin compared to mice that only received fructose. Curcumin prevented the change of expression of 13 proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation (NDUFB8, NDUFB3, and ATP5L) in the cellular response to stress (PSMA5, HIST1H1D) and lipid metabolism (THRSP, DGAT1, ECI1, and ACOT13). Curcumin in mice fed the standard diet increased the expression of proteins related to oxidative phosphorylation, ribosomes, and PPAR pathways. In addition to fructose, increased expression of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, ribosomes, lipid metabolism, and carbon metabolism. However, curcumin prevented expression change in 13 hepatic proteins of fructose-fed mice involved in oxidative phosphorylation, cellular stress response, and lipid metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE: Curcumin is a natural compound with a regulatory effect on proteins and metabolic pathways. So, curcumin prevents the change of expression in 13 hepatic proteins of fructose-fed mice involved in oxidative phosphorylation, cellular stress response and lipid metabolism, as a supplement with protector activity on fructose-induced toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Gerardo Silva-Gaona
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico
| | - Magdalena Hernández-Ortiz
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Katya Vargas-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico
| | - Joel Ramírez-Emiliano
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico
| | - Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico
| | - Sergio Encarnación-Guevara
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Victoriano Pérez-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico.
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14
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She J, Gu T, Pang X, Liu Y, Tang L, Zhou X. Natural Products Targeting Liver X Receptors or Farnesoid X Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:772435. [PMID: 35069197 PMCID: PMC8766425 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of transcription factors induced by ligands and also function as integrators of hormonal and nutritional signals. Among NRs, the liver X receptors (LXRs) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) have been of significance as targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-related diseases. In recent years, natural products targeting LXRs and FXR have received remarkable interests as a valuable source of novel ligands encompassing diverse chemical structures and bioactive properties. This review aims to survey natural products, originating from terrestrial plants and microorganisms, marine organisms, and marine-derived microorganisms, which could influence LXRs and FXR. In the recent two decades (2000-2020), 261 natural products were discovered from natural resources such as LXRs/FXR modulators, 109 agonists and 38 antagonists targeting LXRs, and 72 agonists and 55 antagonists targeting FXR. The docking evaluation of desired natural products targeted LXRs/FXR is finally discussed. This comprehensive overview will provide a reference for future study of novel LXRs and FXR agonists and antagonists to target human diseases, and attract an increasing number of professional scholars majoring in pharmacy and biology with more in-depth discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglian She
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tanwei Gu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Tang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
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15
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Amekyeh H, Alkhader E, Sabra R, Billa N. Prospects of Curcumin Nanoformulations in Cancer Management. Molecules 2022; 27:361. [PMID: 35056675 PMCID: PMC8777756 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the use of natural compounds with beneficial pharmacological effects for managing diseases. Curcumin (CUR) is a phytochemical that is reportedly effective against some cancers through its ability to regulate signaling pathways and protein expression in cancer development and progression. Unfortunately, its use is limited due to its hydrophobicity, low bioavailability, chemical instability, photodegradation, and fast metabolism. Nanoparticles (NPs) are drug delivery systems that can increase the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs and improve drug targeting to cancer cells via different mechanisms and formulation techniques. In this review, we have discussed various CUR-NPs that have been evaluated for their potential use in treating cancers. Formulations reviewed include lipid, gold, zinc oxide, magnetic, polymeric, and silica NPs, as well as micelles, dendrimers, nanogels, cyclodextrin complexes, and liposomes, with an emphasis on their formulation and characteristics. CUR incorporation into the NPs enhanced its pharmaceutical and therapeutic significance with respect to solubility, absorption, bioavailability, stability, plasma half-life, targeted delivery, and anticancer effect. Our review shows that several CUR-NPs have promising anticancer activity; however, clinical reports on them are limited. We believe that clinical trials must be conducted on CUR-NPs to ensure their effective translation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Amekyeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho PMB 31, Ghana;
| | - Enas Alkhader
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan;
| | - Rayan Sabra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
| | - Nashiru Billa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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16
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Sun Q, Niu Q, Guo Y, Zhuang Y, Li X, Liu J, Li N, Li Z, Huang F, Qiu Z. Regulation on Citrate Influx and Metabolism through Inhibiting SLC13A5 and ACLY: A Novel Mechanism Mediating the Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on NAFLD. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8714-8725. [PMID: 34323067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Upregulated de novo lipogenesis (DNL) plays a pivotal role in the progress of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cytoplasmic citrate flux, mediated by plasma membrane citrate transporter (SLC13A5), mitochondrial citrate carrier (SLC25A1), and ATP-dependent citrate lyase (ACLY), determines the central carbon source for acetyl-CoA required in DNL. Curcumin, a widely accepted dietary polyphenol, can attenuate lipid accumulation in NAFLD. Here, we first investigated the lipid-lowering effect of curcumin against NAFLD in oleic and palmitic acid (OPA)-induced primary mouse hepatocytes and high-fat plus high-fructose diet (HFHFD)-induced mice. Curcumin profoundly attenuated OPA- or HFHFD-induced hyperlipidemia and aberrant hepatic lipid deposition via modulating the expression and function of SLC13A5 and ACLY. The possible mechanism of curcumin on the citrate pathway was investigated using HepG2 cells, HEK293T cells transfected with human SLC13A5, and recombinant human ACLY. In OPA-stimulated HepG2 cells, curcumin rectified the dysregulated expression of SLC13A5/ACLY possibly via the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. Besides, curcumin also functionally inhibited both citrate transport and metabolism mediated by SLC13A5 and ACLY, respectively. These findings confirm that curcumin improves the lipid accumulation in the liver by blocking citrate disposition and hence may be used to prevent NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushuang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qun Niu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yating Guo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Jia Liu
- Pharmaceutical Animal Experimental Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ning Li
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Mai CT, Zheng DC, Li XZ, Zhou H, Xie Y. Liver X receptors conserve the therapeutic target potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105747. [PMID: 34186192 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic multi-system autoimmune disease with extremely complex pathogenesis. Significantly altered lipid paradox related to the inflammatory burden is reported in RA patients, inducing 50% higher cardiovascular risks. Recent studies have also demonstrated that lipid metabolism can regulate many functions of immune cells in which metabolic pathways have altered. The nuclear liver X receptors (LXRs), including LXRα and LXRβ, play a central role in regulating lipid homeostasis and inflammatory responses. Undoubtedly, LXRs have been considered as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of RA. However, there are some contradictory effects of LXRs agonists observed in previous animal studies where both pro-inflammatory role and anti-inflammatory role were revealed for LXRs activation in RA. Therefore, in addition to updating the knowledge of LXRs as the prominent regulators of lipid homeostasis, the purpose of this review is to summarize the effects of LXRs agonists in RA-associated immune cells, to explore the underlying reasons for the contradictory therapeutic effects of LXRs agonists observed in RA animal models, and to discuss future strategy for the treatment of RA with LXRs modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Tian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - De-Chong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xin-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau.
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Nadiyah S, Hastuti P, Sunarti S. Beet (Beta vulgaris) Suppressed Gene Expression and Serum Fatty Acid Synthase in High Fat and Fructose-induced Rats. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The expression and activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzymes determine de novo fatty acid synthesis, which can be enhanced by a high-fat and high fructose diet or inhibited by some bioactive compound diets. Beets are a great source of therapeutic compounds that have the potential to improve health and prevent disease.
AIM: This study examined the effects of beets on liver FAS gene expression and FAS levels.
METHODS: A total of 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups: (1) Standard diet (n); (2) high fat and fructose diet (HFFD); (3) HFFD have given beet 6%-contained standard diet (B1); (4) HFFD have given beet 9%-contained standard diet (B2), and (5) HFFD have given beet 12%-contained standard diet (B3). The HFFD was given to rats in the 2, 3, 4, and 5 group diets for 8 weeks? and then 3, 4, and 5 groups received beet-contained standard diet for 6 weeks. At the end of the intervention, FAS levels were measured (please specify where it was measured from) using the ELISA method, liver FAS gene expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined by the colorimetric method.
RESULTS: The beet-substituted diet significantly suppressed the hepatic FAS gene expression and decreased the serum FAS levels in rats previously given HFFD (p < 0.05). The expression of the FAS gene showed a significant positive correlation with the levels of FAS serum (p < 0.05), and also with the hepatic TG levels but not significant (p > 0.05). Substitution of beet 9% in diet gives the best effect in hepatic FAS gene expression and the serum FAS levels.
CONCLUSIONS: The diet contained beet 9% was seen as a necessary physiological dose to improve the effects of high-fat and diet fructose diet through suppressing FAS gene expression and a decreased serum FAS levels.
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Federico A, Rosato V, Masarone M, Torre P, Dallio M, Romeo M, Persico M. The Role of Fructose in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Old Relationship and New Insights. Nutrients 2021; 13:1314. [PMID: 33923525 PMCID: PMC8074203 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the result of hepatic fat overload not due to alcohol consumption and potentially evolving to advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Fructose is a naturally occurring simple sugar widely used in food industry linked to glucose to form sucrose, largely contained in hypercaloric food and beverages. An increasing amount of evidence in scientific literature highlighted a detrimental effect of dietary fructose consumption on metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, obesity, hepatic steatosis, and NAFLD-related fibrosis as well. An excessive fructose consumption has been associated with NAFLD development and progression to more clinically severe phenotypes by exerting various toxic effects, including increased fatty acid production, oxidative stress, and worsening insulin resistance. Furthermore, some studies in this context demonstrated even a crucial role in liver cancer progression. Despite this compelling evidence, the molecular mechanisms by which fructose elicits those effects on liver metabolism remain unclear. Emerging data suggest that dietary fructose may directly alter the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, including those that increase hepatic fat accumulation or reduce hepatic fat removal. This review aimed to summarize the current understanding of fructose metabolism on NAFLD pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Federico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.); (M.R.)
| | - Valerio Rosato
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontostomatology, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.R.); (M.M.); (P.T.); (M.P.)
- Liver Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Betania, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Masarone
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontostomatology, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.R.); (M.M.); (P.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Pietro Torre
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontostomatology, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.R.); (M.M.); (P.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Marcello Dallio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.); (M.R.)
| | - Mario Romeo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcello Persico
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontostomatology, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.R.); (M.M.); (P.T.); (M.P.)
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The Combination of Berberine, Tocotrienols and Coffee Extracts Improves Metabolic Profile and Liver Steatosis by the Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Hepatic miR-122 and miR-34a Expression in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041281. [PMID: 33924725 PMCID: PMC8069822 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic-fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is spreading worldwide. Specific drugs for NAFLD are not yet available, even if some plant extracts show beneficial properties. We evaluated the effects of a combination, composed by Berberis Aristata, Elaeis Guineensis and Coffea Canephora, on the development of obesity, hepatic steatosis, insulin-resistance and on the modulation of hepatic microRNAs (miRNA) levels and microbiota composition in a mouse model of liver damage. C57BL/6 mice were fed with standard diet (SD, n = 8), high fat diet (HFD, n = 8) or HFD plus plant extracts (HFD+E, n = 8) for 24 weeks. Liver expression of miR-122 and miR-34a was evaluated by quantitativePCR. Microbiome analysis was performed on cecal content by 16S rRNA sequencing. HFD+E-mice showed lower body weight (p < 0.01), amelioration of insulin-sensitivity (p = 0.021), total cholesterol (p = 0.014), low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (p < 0.001), alanine-aminotransferase (p = 0.038) and hepatic steatosis compared to HFD-mice. While a decrease of hepatic miR-122 and increase of miR-34a were observed in HFD-mice compared to SD-mice, both these miRNAs had similar levels to SD-mice in HFD+E-mice. Moreover, a different microbial composition was found between SD- and HFD-mice, with a partial rescue of dysbiosis in HFD+E-mice. This combination of plant extracts had a beneficial effect on HFD-induced NAFLD by the modulation of miR-122, miR-34a and gut microbiome.
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21
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Abstract
The increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses a growing challenge in terms of its prevention and treatment. The 'multiple hits' hypothesis of multiple insults, such as dietary fat intake, de novo lipogenesis, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut dysbiosis and hepatic inflammation, can provide a more accurate explanation of the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Betaine plays important roles in regulating the genes associated with NAFLD through anti-inflammatory effects, increased free fatty oxidation, anti-lipogenic effects and improved insulin resistance and mitochondrial function; however, the mechanism of betaine remains elusive.
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Ren Q, Liu XQ, Zhou XW, Zhou X, Fang G, Wang B, Wang YP, Peng DH, Li XT. Effects of Huatan Jiangzhuo decoction on diet-induced hyperlipidemia and gene expressions in rats. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:100-111. [PMID: 33641781 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Huatan Jiangzhuo decoction (HJD) is a combination of six traditional Chinese medicines that were used for lipid metabolism-related disorders, but its efficacy and underlying mechanisms have not been explored by modern research strategies. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic role of HJD in determining the transcriptome level. Hyperlipidemia model was established by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by high-through transcriptome sequencing, followed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. The total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in hyperlipidemia model rats were significantly increased, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration decreased when compared to normal rats, and HJD significantly downregulated TC concentrations and liver coefficient in the hyperlipidemia rats. Histology staining showed that HDJ greatly recovered the lipid accumulation in rat hepatic stellate cells and aortic arch vascular wall thickness of hyperlipidemia rats. One thousand nine hundred and thirty-six DEGs were identified in the HJD-treated hyperlipidemia rats, which were associated with various biological processes and signaling pathways such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, AMP-activated Protein Kinase , and insulin signaling pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction further confirmed the downregulated expression of cholesterol 7-α-hydroxylase(CYP7A1), liver orphan receptor(LXRα),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ),andSterol Response Element-Binding Protein 1c(SREBP1c) genes in hyperlipidemia rats treated with HJD. Our data first elucidated the gene expression profile of high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats after HJD treatment, and lipid metabolism-related genes (CYP7A1, LXRα, PPARγ, and SREBP1c) may be potentially biomarkers for HJD-alleviated hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ren
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ge Fang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan-Hong Peng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xian-Tao Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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23
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Dai J, Li Y, Kametani F, Cui X, Igarashi Y, Huo J, Miyahara H, Mori M, Higuchi K. Curcumin promotes AApoAII amyloidosis and peroxisome proliferation in mice by activating the PPARα signaling pathway. eLife 2021; 10:e63538. [PMID: 33496266 PMCID: PMC7880682 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol compound that exhibits multiple physiological activities. To elucidate the mechanisms by which curcumin affects systemic amyloidosis, we investigated amyloid deposition and molecular changes in a mouse model of amyloid apolipoprotein A-II (AApoAII) amyloidosis, in which mice were fed a curcumin-supplemented diet. Curcumin supplementation for 12 weeks significantly increased AApoAII amyloid deposition relative to controls, especially in the liver and spleen. Liver weights and plasma ApoA-II and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were significantly elevated in curcumin-supplemented groups. RNA-sequence analysis revealed that curcumin intake affected hepatic lipid metabolism via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, especially PPARα activation, resulting in increased Apoa2 mRNA expression. The increase in liver weights was due to activation of PPARα and peroxisome proliferation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that curcumin is a PPARα activator and may affect expression levels of proteins involved in amyloid deposition to influence amyloidosis and metabolism in a complex manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dai
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Pathology, the Xiehe Hospital of TangshanTangshanChina
| | - Ying Li
- Aging Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
| | - Fuyuki Kametani
- Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Xiaoran Cui
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Yuichi Igarashi
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Hiroki Miyahara
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Masayuki Mori
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Keiichi Higuchi
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
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Alidadi M, Sahebkar A, Eslami S, Vakilian F, Jarahi L, Alinezhad-Namaghi M, Arabi SM, Vakili S, Tohidinezhad F, Nikooiyan Y, Norouzy A. The Effect of Curcumin Supplementation on Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:1-11. [PMID: 33861432 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in many societies. Arterial stiffness is an initial sign of structural and functional changes in the arterial wall. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard for non-invasive evaluation of aortic stiffness and a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Curcumin is a major component of turmeric with known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Since arterial stiffness is affected by inflammation and oxidative stress, it may be improved by curcumin supplementation. The purpose of this clinical trial was to investigate the potential effects of curcumin on improving arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome. This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted among metabolic syndrome patients. Sixty-six eligible individuals were randomly assigned to active intervention or control groups. The active intervention group received curcumin supplement at a dose of 500 mg daily for 12 weeks, whereas the control group received placebo capsule. Physical activity, daily dietary energy intake, anthropometric body composition, and biochemical hemodynamic and arterial stiffness parameters were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the study. Body weight decreased significantly in the curcumin group compared to placebo. Also, curcumin intervention improved PWV, which remained significant after adjustment for potential confounding factors (p = 0.011). The current clinical trial demonstrated that daily intake of 500 mg of curcumin for 12 weeks can lead to the improvement of arterial stiffness and weight management among subjects with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alidadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Saeid Eslami
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Farveh Vakilian
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Arabi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saba Vakili
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariba Tohidinezhad
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yasaman Nikooiyan
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Norouzy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abstract
Obesity has become a worldwide issue and is accompanied by serious complications. Western high energy diet has been identified to be a major factor contributing to the current obesity pandemic. Thus, it is important to optimize dietary composition, bioactive substances, and agents to prevent and treat obesity. To date, extracts from plants, such as vegetables, tea, fruits, and Chinese herbal medicine, have been showed to have the abilities of regulating adipogenesis and attenuating obesity. These plant extracts mainly contain polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which could play a significant role in anti-obesity through various signaling pathways and gut microbiota. Those reported anti-obesity mechanisms mainly include inhibiting white adipose tissue growth and lipogenesis, promoting lipolysis, brown/beige adipose tissue development, and muscle thermogenesis. In this review, we summarize the plant extracts and their possible mechanisms responsible for their anti-obesity effects. Based on the current findings, dietary plant extracts and foods containing these bioactive compounds can be potential preventive or therapeutic agents for obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jin-Zhu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Jiang N, Zhang M, Meng X, Sun B. Effects of curcumin on the pharmacokinetics of amlodipine in rats and its potential mechanism. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:465-468. [PMID: 32432949 PMCID: PMC7301706 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1764060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Context: Hyperlipidaemia and hypertension are often treated together with curcumin and amlodipine. It is necessary to investigate the drug-drug interaction between curcumin and amlodipine.Objective: The interaction between curcumin and amlodipine was investigated in rats and with rat liver microsomes.Methods: The pharmacokinetics of amlodipine (1 mg/kg) was investigated in rats with or without curcumin pre-treatment (2 mg/kg), six rats in each group. The metabolic stability of amlodipine was investigated with rat liver microsomes.Results: Curcumin significantly increased the Cmax (26.19 ± 2.21 versus 17.80 ± 1.56 μg/L), AUC(0-t) (507.27 ± 60.23 versus 238.68 ± 45.59 μg·h/L), and t1/2 (14.69 ± 1.64 versus 11.43 ± 1.20 h) of amlodipine (p < 0.05). The metabolic stability of amlodipine was significantly increased with the half-life time in rat liver microsomes increased from 34.23 ± 3.33 to 44.15 ± 4.12 min, and the intrinsic rate decreased from 40.49 ± 3.26 to 31.39 ± 2.78 μL/min/mg protein.Discussion and conclusions: These results indicated that drug-drug interaction might appear during the co-administration of curcumin and amlodipine. The potential mechanism may be due to the inhibition of CYP3A4 by curcumin. Thus, this interaction should be given special attention in the clinic and needs further experiments to characterize the effect in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Meicheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangzhi Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
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The effects of curcumin and Lactobacillus acidophilus on certain hormones and insulin resistance in rats with metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:907-914. [PMID: 33553015 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we tried to investigate the effects of curcumin and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics, given individually and in combination, to insulin, adipokines and nitric oxide changes and insulin resistance as experimental treatment of metabolic syndrome. Methods Five groups were formed in the study. Fructose (20%) was administered with drinking water for 8 weeks to develop metabolic syndrome. For treatment, curcumin (100 mg/kg/day) and L. acidophilus (2 × 108 cfu/ml/day) were given individually or in combination for the last four weeks. At the end of the experiment; insulin, resistin, leptin, adipokines, apelin and nitric oxide levels were determined by ELISA test kits. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, albumin and total protein levels were determined by autoanalyzer. Results The levels of apelin, resistin, glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the fructose added to drinking water groups whereas curcumin and L. acidophilus probiotics given individually or together groups for treatment started to decrease and the nitric oxide level decreased significantly. Insulin resistance was found to be significantly higher in the group with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance developed. In the curcumin and probiotics given group, it was determined that the insulin resistance score was lowered compared to the group only given fructose. The administration of L. acidophilus probiotic and curcumin in rats with metabolic syndrome caused by fructose improves hormone levels and reduces insulin resistance. Conclusions These results showed that the addition of dietary curcumin as an antioxidant and probiotic could provide a natural alternative for the treatment of metabolic syndrome induced by fructose.
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Ozkan H, Yakan A. Dietary high calories from sunflower oil, sucrose and fructose sources alters lipogenic genes expression levels in liver and skeletal muscle in rats. Ann Hepatol 2020; 18:715-724. [PMID: 31204236 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the underlying mechanism of PPARα, LXRα, ChREBP, and SREBP-1c at the level of gene and protein expression with high-energy diets in liver and skeletal muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Metabolic changes with consumption of high fat (Hfat), high sucrose (Hsuc) and high fructose (Hfru) diets were assessed. Levels of mRNA and protein of PPARα, LXRα, ChREBP, and SREBP-1c were investigated. Body weight changes, histological structure of liver and plasma levels of some parameters were also examined. RESULTS In Hfru group, body weights were higher than other groups (P<0.05). In liver, LXRα levels of Hsuc and Hfru groups were upregulated as 1.87±0.30 (P<0.05) and 2.01±0.29 (P<0.01). SREBP-1c levels were upregulated as 4.52±1.25 (P<0.05); 4.05±1.11 (P<0.05) and 3.85±1.04 (P<0.05) in Hfat, Hsuc, and Hfru groups, respectively. In skeletal muscle, LXRα and SREBP-1c were upregulated as 1.77±0.30 (P<0.05) and 2.71±0.56 (P<0.05), in the Hfru group. Protein levels of ChREBP (33.92±8.84ng/mg protein (P<0.05)) and SREBP-1c (135.16±15.57ng/mg protein (P<0.001)) in liver were higher in Hfru group. In skeletal muscle, LXRα, ChREBP and SREBP-1c in Hfru group were 6.67±0.60, 7.11±1.29 and 43.17±6.37ng/mg, respectively (P<0.05; P<0.01; P<0.05). The rats in Hfru group had the most damaged livers. CONCLUSION Besides liver, fructose consumption significantly effects skeletal muscle and leads to weight gain, triggers lipogenesis and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Ozkan
- Department of Genetic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Akin Yakan
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
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Mailafiya MM, Abubakar K, Chiroma SM, Danmaigoro A, Rahim EBA, Mohd Moklas MA, Zakaria ZAB. Curcumin-loaded cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles: A novel strategy for the treatment of lead-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1538-1552. [PMID: 32489292 PMCID: PMC7253904 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity affects the hepatic and renal systems resulting to homeostasis imbalance. Curcumin is a strong antioxidant but has restrained clinical applications due to its poor bioavailability. Nanomedicine showed promising potentials in drug delivery and has brought forth the use of cockle shell-derived aragonite calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CSCaCO3NP) to enhance the effectiveness and targeted delivery of curcumin (Cur). Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effect of curcumin-loaded CSCaCO3NP (Cur- CSCaCO3NP) on lead-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. Thirty-six male adults Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into five groups. All groups contained six rats each except for group A, which contained 12 rats. All rats apart from the rats in group A (control) were orally administered a flat dose of 50 mg/kg of lead for four weeks. Six rats from group A and B were euthanized after four weeks of lead induction. Oral administration of curcumin (100 mg/kg) for group C and Cur-CSCaCO3NP (50 and 100 mg/kg) for groups D and E respectively, commenced immediately after 4 weeks of lead induction which lasted for 4 weeks. All rats were euthanized at the 8th week of the experiment. Further, biochemical, histological and hematological analysis were performed. The findings revealed a biochemical, hematological and histological changes in lead-induced rats. However, treatments with the Cur-CSCaCO3NP and free curcumin reversed the aforementioned changes. Although, Cur-CSCaCO3NP presented better therapeutic effects on lead-induced toxicity in rats when compared to free curcumin as there was significant improvements in hematological, biochemical and histological changes which is parallel with attenuation of oxidative stress. The findings of the current study hold great prospects for Cur-CSCaCO3NP as a novel approach for effective oral treatment of lead-induced hepato-renal impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Muhammad Mailafiya
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia,Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences, Federal University Lafia, 950101, Akunza, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Kabeer Abubakar
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia,Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences, Federal University Lafia, 950101, Akunza, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Samaila Musa Chiroma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, 600230 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar Danmaigoro
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usman Danfodiyo University, 840213, Sultan Abubakar, Sokoto State, Nigeria
| | - Ezamin Bin Abdul Rahim
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia,Corresponding author at: Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria
- Department of Preclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Arozal W, Louisa M, Soetikno V. Selected Indonesian Medicinal Plants for the Management of Metabolic Syndrome: Molecular Basis and Recent Studies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:82. [PMID: 32435657 PMCID: PMC7218133 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the world influences quality of health in all respective countries, including Indonesia. Data from Indonesian Family Life Survey reported in 2019 showed that the prevalence of MetS in Indonesia currently is 21.66%, estimated with the provincial incidence ranging up to 50%; additionally, the most common components of MetS discovered in Indonesia were poor high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and hypertension. Management treatment of MetS involves a combination of lifestyle changes and pharmacological interventions to decrease cerebrovascular disease. Various natural substances have been shown to govern any cardiovascular or metabolic disorders through different mechanisms, such as triggering anti-inflammation, lipid profile correction, sensitization of insulin reception, or blood glucose control. In Indonesia, the utilization of natural compounds is part of the nation's culture. The community widely uses them; even though in general, their effectiveness and safety have not been thoroughly assessed by rigorous clinical trials. Scientific evidence suggested that cinnamon, mangosteen, and curcumin, as well as their derived components possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity. In this review, an enormous potential of cinnamon, mangosteen, and curcumin, which originated and are commonly used in Indonesia, could be treated against MetS, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. The findings suggested that cinnamon, mangosteen, curcumin and their derivatives may reflect areas of promise in the management of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wawaimuli Arozal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vivian Soetikno
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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31
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Sakamuri A, Sakamuri SSVP, Kona SR, Jeyapal S, Ibrahim A. Diets with low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio protects rats from fructose-induced dyslipidemia and associated hepatic changes: Comparison between 18:3 n-3 and long-chain n-3 PUFA. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 155:102082. [PMID: 32169807 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the impact of substituting alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) or long-chain n-3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) for linoleic acid and hence decreasing n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on high-fructose diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia and associated hepatic changes. Weanling male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed with starch-diet (n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio 215:1) and high-fructose diets with different n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (215:1, 2:1 with ALA and 5:1 with long-chain n-3 PUFA) for twenty-four weeks. Substitution of linoleic acid with ALA (n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 2) or long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 5) protected the rats from fructose-induced dyslipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress and corrected lipogenic and proinflammatory gene expression. Both ALA and long-chain n-3 PUFA supplementation also reversed the fructose-induced upregulation of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) gene, which is involved in the generation of active glucocorticoids in tissues. Although both ALA and LC n-3 PUFA prevented fructose-induced dyslipidemia to a similar extent, compared to ALA, LC n-3 PUFA is more effective in preventing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Sakamuri
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Siva S V P Sakamuri
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suryam Reddy Kona
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sugeedha Jeyapal
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ahamed Ibrahim
- Department of lipid chemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
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Lee SY, Cho SS, Li Y, Bae CS, Park KM, Park DH. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Curcuma longa and Allium hookeri Co-treatment via NF-κB and COX-2 Pathways. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5718. [PMID: 32235914 PMCID: PMC7109078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inflammation is a host defense mechanism, chronic inflammation mediates several diseases, including cancer, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune diseases, and reportedly, it is associated with a 60% mortality rate. There are several reports on the anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma longa and Allium hookeri. However, although they can be used as culinary materials and have biological effects, they are not effective anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, we evaluated the synergic effect of C. longa and A. hookeri in order to confirm the possibility of a new anti-inflammatory agent. Based on cell viability and cytokine analyses, the appropriate ratio of C. longa and A. hookeri was confirmed using an air pouch animal model. Then, the anti-inflammatory effect of C. longa and A. hookeri co-treatment was evaluated by measuring the immune cell count and cytokines in the exudate and by comparing the morphological changes and cytokines in inflamed skin samples. Additionally, we evaluated the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway and iNOS levels. The active constituents detected in C. longa were demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, and that detected in A. hookeri was methylsulfonylmethane. An in vitro assessment determined the appropriate drug ratio as 3:7. In a carrageenan-induced inflammatory model, co-treatment effectively suppressed inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-17, and recovered inflammation-related morphological changes in the skin. The anti-inflammatory effect of the co-treatment was mediated through the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway and iNOS inhibition. We concluded that co-treatment with C. longa and A. hookeri synergistically inhibited inflammation via the NF-κB/COX-2/iNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Lee
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan Jeonnam, 58579, Korea
| | - YongChun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Kyung Mok Park
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Korea.
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Cepas V, Collino M, Mayo JC, Sainz RM. Redox Signaling and Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) in Diet-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020142. [PMID: 32041293 PMCID: PMC7070562 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets are currently characterized by elevated sugar intake, mainly due to the increased consumption of processed sweetened foods and drinks during the last 40 years. Diet is the main source of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). These are toxic compounds formed during the Maillard reaction, which takes place both in vivo, in tissues and fluids under physiological conditions, favored by sugar intake, and ex vivo during food preparation such as baking, cooking, frying or storage. Protein glycation occurs slowly and continuously through life, driving AGE accumulation in tissues during aging. For this reason, AGEs have been proposed as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of diet-related diseases such as diabetes, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, kidney injury, and age-related and neurodegenerative diseases. AGEs are associated with an increase in oxidative stress since they mediate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing the intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2−), and nitric oxide (NO). The interaction of AGEs with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) enhances oxidative stress through ROS production by NADPH oxidases inside the mitochondria. This affects mitochondrial function and ultimately influences cell metabolism under various pathological conditions. This short review will summarize all evidence that relates AGEs and ROS production, their relationship with diet-related diseases, as well as the latest research about the use of natural compounds with antioxidant properties to prevent the harmful effects of AGEs on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Cepas
- Departamento de Morfologia y Biologia Celular, Redox Biology Group, Universidad de Oviedo, 33403 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Oncologia del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33403 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Massimo Collino
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Juan C. Mayo
- Departamento de Morfologia y Biologia Celular, Redox Biology Group, Universidad de Oviedo, 33403 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Oncologia del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33403 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.); (R.M.S.); Tel.: +34-985-10-2730 (J.C.M.); +34-985-10-3610 (R.M.S.)
| | - Rosa M. Sainz
- Departamento de Morfologia y Biologia Celular, Redox Biology Group, Universidad de Oviedo, 33403 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Oncologia del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33403 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.); (R.M.S.); Tel.: +34-985-10-2730 (J.C.M.); +34-985-10-3610 (R.M.S.)
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Feng X, Zhang L, Xu S, Shen AZ. ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis: An updated review. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 77:101006. [PMID: 31499095 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is an important enzyme linking carbohydrate to lipid metabolism by generating acetyl-CoA from citrate for fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. Mendelian randomization of large human cohorts has validated ACLY as a promising target for low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering and cardiovascular protection. Among current ACLY inhibitors, Bempedoic acid (ETC-1002) is a first-in-class, prodrug-based direct competitive inhibitor of ACLY which regulates lipid metabolism by upregulating hepatic LDL receptor (LDLr) expression and activity. ACLY deficiency in hepatocytes protects from hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of ACLY by bempedoic acid, prevents dyslipidemia and attenuates atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic ApoE-/- mice, LDLr-/- mice, and LDLr-/- miniature pigs. Convincing data from clinical trials have revealed that bempedoic acid significantly lowers LDL-C as monotherapy, combination therapy, and add-on with statin therapy in statin-intolerant patients. More recently, a phase 3 CLEAR Harmony clinical trial ("Safety and Efficacy of Bempedoic Acid to Reduce LDL Cholesterol") has shown that bempedoic acid reduces the level of LDL-C in hypercholesterolemic patients receiving guideline-recommended statin therapy with a good safety profile. Hereby, we provide a updated review of the expression, regulation, genetics, functions of ACLY in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis, and highlight the therapeutic potential of ACLY inhibitors (such as bempedoic acid, SB-204990, and other naturally-occuring inhibitors) to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. It must be pointed out that long-term large-scale clinical trials in high-risk patients, are warranted to validate whether ACLY represent a promising therapeutic target for pharmaceutic intervention of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis; and assess the safety and efficacy profile of ACLY inhibitors in improving cardiovascular outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Ai-Zong Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China.
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Clark CCT, Ghaedi E, Arab A, Pourmasoumi M, Hadi A. The effect of curcumin supplementation on circulating adiponectin: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2819-2825. [PMID: 31425942 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of curcumin on serum adiponectin concentration. METHODS We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google scholar databases up to April 2019. RCTs conducted among human adults studied the effects of curcumin on serum adiponectin concentrations as an outcome variable was included. The weighted mean differences (WMD) and standard deviations (SD) of change in serum adiponectin levels were calculated. The random effects model was used for deriving a summary of mean estimates with their corresponding SDs. RESULTS Out of 313 records, 6 trials that enrolled 652 subjects were included. The pooled results showed that curcumin supplementation significantly increased adiponectin concentrations in comparison with placebo (WMD: 0.82 Hedges' g; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33 to 1.30, P˂0.001). Greater effects on adiponectin were observed in trials lasting ≤10 weeks (WMD: 1.05 Hedges' g; 95% CI: 0.64 to 1.45, P˂0.001). CONCLUSION Curcumin significantly improves adiponectin concentrations. However, due to some limitations in this study, further studies are needed to reach a definitive conclusion about the effect of curcumin on the levels of adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cain C T Clark
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arman Arab
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
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Naeini MB, Momtazi AA, Jaafari MR, Johnston TP, Barreto G, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Antitumor effects of curcumin: A lipid perspective. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14743-14758. [PMID: 30741424 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in cancer development due to the necessities of rapidly dividing cells to increase structural, energetic, and biosynthetic demands for cell proliferation. Basically, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related diseases, and cancer are associated with a common hyperactivated "lipogenic state." Recent evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming and overproduction of enzymes involved in the synthesis of fatty acids are the new hallmarks of cancer, which occur in an early phase of tumorigenesis. As the first evidence to confirm dysregulated lipid metabolism in cancer cells, the overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was observed in breast cancer patients and demonstrated the role of FAS in cancer. Other enzymes of fatty acid synthesis have recently been found to be dysregulated in cancer, including ATP-dependent citrate lyase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which further underscores the connection of these metabolic pathways with cancer cell survival and proliferation. The degree of overexpression of lipogenic enzymes and elevated lipid utilization in tumors is closely associated with cancer progression. The question that arises is whether the progression of cancer can be suppressed, or at least decelerated, by modulating gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism. Curcumin, due to its effects on the regulation of lipogenic enzymes, might be able to suppress, or even cause regression of tumor growth. This review discusses recent evidence concerning the important role of lipogenic enzymes in the metabolism of cancer cells and whether the inhibitory effects of curcumin on lipogenic enzymes is therapeutically efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Bemani Naeini
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - George Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maciej Banach
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hernández-Díazcouder A, Romero-Nava R, Carbó R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Sánchez-Muñoz F. High Fructose Intake and Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2787. [PMID: 31181590 PMCID: PMC6600229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern societies, high fructose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages has contributed to obesity development. In the diet, sucrose and high fructose corn syrup are the main sources of fructose and can be metabolized in the intestine and transported into the systemic circulation. The liver can metabolize around 70% of fructose intake, while the remaining is metabolized by other tissues. Several tissues including adipose tissue express the main fructose transporter GLUT5. In vivo, chronic fructose intake promotes white adipose tissue accumulation through activating adipogenesis. In vitro experiments have also demonstrated that fructose alone induces adipogenesis by several mechanisms, including (1) triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production by fructose metabolism, (2) the stimulation of glucocorticoid activation by increasing 11β-HSD1 activity, and (3) the promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through uric acid, NOX and XOR expression, mTORC1 signaling and Ang II induction. Moreover, it has been observed that fructose induces adipogenesis through increased ACE2 expression, which promotes high Ang-(1-7) levels, and through the inhibition of the thermogenic program by regulating Sirt1 and UCP1. Finally, microRNAs may also be involved in regulating adipogenesis in high fructose intake conditions. In this paper, we propose further directions for research in fructose participation in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Investigación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico city 09340, Mexico.
| | - Rodrigo Romero-Nava
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Investigación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico city 09340, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de investigación en Farmacología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico city 06720, Mexico.
- Sección de Postgraduados, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico city 11340, Mexico.
| | - Roxana Carbó
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
| | - L Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Renal, Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
- Sección de Postgraduados, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico city 11340, Mexico.
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Biological mechanisms and related natural modulators of liver X receptor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Patel SS, Acharya A, Ray RS, Agrawal R, Raghuwanshi R, Jain P. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in prevention and treatment of disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:887-939. [PMID: 30632782 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1552244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound present in rhizome of Curcuma longa belonging to the family zingiberaceae. Growing experimental evidence revealed that curcumin exhibit multitarget biological implications signifying its crucial role in health and disease. The current review highlights the recent progress and mechanisms underlying the wide range of pharmacological effects of curcumin against numerous diseases like neuronal, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney, endocrine, skin, respiratory, infectious, gastrointestinal diseases and cancer. The ability of curcumin to modulate the functions of multiple signal transductions are linked with attenuation of acute and chronic diseases. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have revealed that curcumin modulates several molecules in cell signal transduction pathway including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, ERK5, AP-1, TGF-β, Wnt, β-catenin, Shh, PAK1, Rac1, STAT3, PPARγ, EBPα, NLRP3 inflammasome, p38MAPK, Nrf2, Notch-1, AMPK, TLR-4 and MyD-88. Curcumin has a potential to prevent and/or manage various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties with an excellent safety profile. In contrast, the anti-cancer effects of curcumin are reflected due to induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in various premalignant and malignant cells. This review also carefully emphasized the pharmacokinetics of curcumin and its interaction with other drugs. Clinical studies have shown that curcumin is safe at the doses of 12 g/day but exhibits poor systemic bioavailability. The use of adjuvant like piperine, liposomal curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles and curcumin phospholipid complex has shown enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic potential. Further studies are warranted to prove the potential of curcumin against various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashish Acharya
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - R S Ray
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritesh Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ramsaneh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Priyal Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
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Saadati S, Hatami B, Yari Z, Shahrbaf MA, Eghtesad S, Mansour A, Poustchi H, Hedayati M, Aghajanpoor-Pasha M, Sadeghi A, Hekmatdoost A. The effects of curcumin supplementation on liver enzymes, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:441-449. [PMID: 30610213 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major global health problem. The most common cause of death in these patients is due to cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of curcumin supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with NAFLD. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, fifty two patients with NAFLD were randomly assigned to receive life style recommendations plus either 1500 mg curcumin or placebo for 12 weeks. Anthropometric indices, blood lipid profile, insulin resistance, as well as hepatic steatosis and fibrosis scores were measured at the beginning and the end of the study, and compared between and within groups. RESULTS Hepatic fibrosis, serum cholesterol, glucose and alanin aminotransferase (ALT) reduced significantly only in curcumin group (p < 0.05). Anthropometric indices, blood lipid profile, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.05), without any significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION Our results showed that daily intake of 1500 mg curcumin plus weight loss is not superior to weight loss alone in amelioration of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with NAFLD. Further studies with different dosages of curcumin are needed to be able to conclude about the effects of this dietary supplement on cardiovascular risk factors and NAFLD characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Saadati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Shahrbaf
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Eghtesad
- Liver and pancreatobiliary research group, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asieh Mansour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and pancreatobiliary research group, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kim Y, Clifton P. Curcumin, Cardiometabolic Health and Dementia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102093. [PMID: 30250013 PMCID: PMC6210685 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current research indicates curcumin [diferuloylmethane; a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of the dietary spice turmeric (Curcuma longa)] exerts a beneficial effect on health which may be partly attributable to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this review is to examine potential mechanisms of the actions of curcumin in both animal and human studies. Curcumin modulates relevant molecular target pathways to improve glucose and lipid metabolism, suppress inflammation, stimulate antioxidant enzymes, facilitate insulin signalling and reduce gut permeability. Curcumin also inhibits Aβ and tau accumulation in animal models and enhances mitochondria and synaptic function. In conclusion, in high-dose animal studies and in vitro, curcumin exerts a potential beneficial effect on cardiometabolic disease. However, human studies are relatively unconvincing. More intervention studies should be conducted with the new curcumin formulation with improved oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition/Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Peter Clifton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, General Post Office Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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Jin T, Song Z, Weng J, Fantus IG. Curcumin and other dietary polyphenols: potential mechanisms of metabolic actions and therapy for diabetes and obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E201-E205. [PMID: 29089337 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00285.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent controversy regarding the therapeutic potential of curcumin indicates the challenges to research in this field. Here, we highlight the investigations of curcumin and other plant-derived polyphenols that demonstrate their application to metabolic diseases, in particular, obesity and diabetes. Thus, a number of preclinical and clinical investigations have shown the beneficial effect of curcumin (and other dietary polyphenols) in attenuating body weight gain, improving insulin sensitivity, and preventing diabetes development in rodent models and prediabetic subjects. Other intervention studies with dietary polyphenols have also found improvements in insulin resistance. Recent studies suggest that the metabolic effects of curcumin/polyphenols are linked to changes in the gut microbiota. Thus, research into curcumin continues to provide novel insights into metabolic regulation that may ultimately translate into effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianru Jin
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
- Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Zhuolun Song
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Sheng, China
| | - I George Fantus
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
- Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
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43
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High fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome: Pathophysiological mechanism and treatment by traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:438-450. [PMID: 29471102 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fructose is a natural monosaccharide broadly used in modern society. Over the past few decades, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that high fructose intake is an etiological factor of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This review highlights research advances on fructose-induced MetS, especially the underlying pathophysiological mechanism as well as pharmacotherapy by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), using the PubMed, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal and Wanfang Data. This review focuses on de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and uric acid (UA) production, two unique features of fructolysis different from glucose glycolysis. High level of DNL and UA production can result in insulin resistance, the key pathological event in developing MetS, mostly through oxidative stress and inflammation. Some other pathologies like the disturbance in brain and gut microbiota in the development of fructose-induced MetS in the past years, are also discussed. In management of MetS, TCM is an excellent representative in alternative and complementary medicine with a complete theory system and substantial herbal remedies. TCMs against MetS or MetS components, including Chinese patent medicines, TCM compound formulas, single TCM herbs and active compounds of TCM herbs, are reviewed on their effects and molecular mechanisms. TCMs with hypouricemic activity, which specially target fructose-induced MetS, are highlighted. And new technologies and strategies (such as high-throughput assay and systems biology) in this field are further discussed. In summary, fructose-induced MetS is a multifactorial disorder with the underlying complex mechanisms. Current clinical and pre-clinical evidence supports the potential of TCMs in management of MetS. Additionally, TCMs may show some advantages against complex MetS as their holistic feature through multiple target actions. However, further work is needed to confirm the effectivity and safety of TCMs by high-standard clinical trials, clarify the molecular mechanisms, and develop new anti-MetS drugs by development and application of optimized and feasible strategies and methods.
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Tague ED, Bourdon AK, MacDonald A, Lookadoo MS, Kim ED, White WM, Terry PD, Campagna SR, Voy BH, Whelan J. Metabolomics Approach in the Study of the Well-Defined Polyherbal Preparation Zyflamend. J Med Food 2017; 21:306-316. [PMID: 29227176 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zyflamend is a highly controlled blend of 10 herbal extracts that synergistically impact multiple cell signaling pathways with anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. More recently, its effects were shown to also modify cellular energetics, for example, activation of fatty acid oxidation and inhibition of lipogenesis. However, its general metabolic effects in vivo have yet to be explored. The objective of this study was to characterize the tissue specific metabolomes in response to supplementation of Zyflamend in mice, with a comparison of equivalent metabolomics data generated in plasma from humans supplemented with Zyflamend. Because Zyflamend has been shown to activate AMPK, the "energy sensor" of the cell, in vitro, the effects of Zyflamend on adiposity were also tested in the murine model. C57BL/6 mice were fed diets that mimicked the macro- and micronutrient composition of the U.S. diet with and without Zyflamend supplementation at human equivalent doses. Untargeted metabolomics was performed in liver, skeletal muscle, adipose, and plasma from mice consuming Zyflamend and in plasma from humans supplemented with Zyflamend at an equivalent dose. Adiposity in mice was significantly reduced in the Zyflamend-treated animals (compared with controls) without affecting body weight or weight gain. Based on KEGG pathway enrichment, purine and pyrimidine metabolism (potential regulators of AMPK) were particularly responsive to Zyflamend across all tissues, but only in mice. Consistent with the metabolomics data, Zyflamend activated AMPK and inhibited acetyl CoA-carboxylase in adipose tissue, key regulators of lipogenesis. Zyflamend reduces adipose tissue in mice through a mechanism that likely involves the activation of AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Tague
- 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Allen K Bourdon
- 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Amber MacDonald
- 2 Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Maggie S Lookadoo
- 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edward D Kim
- 3 Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Medical Center , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wesley M White
- 3 Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Medical Center , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul D Terry
- 4 Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Medical Center , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shawn R Campagna
- 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA .,5 Biological Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brynn H Voy
- 6 Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jay Whelan
- 2 Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee Knoxville , Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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45
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Artemisia iwayomogi plus Curcuma longa Synergistically Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in HepG2 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4390636. [PMID: 29234397 PMCID: PMC5664258 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4390636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The combination of Artemisia iwayomogi and Curcuma longa radix is frequently prescribed for liver diseases in TKM. However, the synergic effects of the two herbs on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have not yet been studied. Therefore, we investigated the anti-NASH effects of the water extract of A. iwayomogi (AI), C. longa radix (CL), and combination of the two herbs (ACE). Hepatic steatosis and NASH were induced in HepG2 cells by treatment with palmitic acid (PA, for 6 h) with/without pretreatment of ACE (25 or 50 μg/mL), AI (50 or 100 μg/mL), CL (50 or 100 μg/mL), curcumin (5 μg/mL), or scopoletin (5 μg/mL). The PA treatment (200 μM) drastically altered intracellular triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, and expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism (CD36, SREBP1c, PPAR-γ, and PPAR-α), whereas pretreatment with ACE significantly attenuated these alterations. ACE also protected HepG2 cells from PA- (300 μM-) induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis and attenuated the related key molecules including GRP78, eIF2, and CHOP, respectively. In conclusion, we found synergic effects of A. iwayomogi and C. longa on NASH, supporting the clinical potential for fatty liver disorders. In addition, modulation of ER stress-relative molecules would be involved in its underlying mechanism.
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Qin S, Huang L, Gong J, Shen S, Huang J, Ren H, Hu H. Efficacy and safety of turmeric and curcumin in lowering blood lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr J 2017; 16:68. [PMID: 29020971 PMCID: PMC5637251 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-017-0293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia is an important and common cardiovascular risk factor in the general population. The lipid-lowering effects of turmeric and curcumin are unconfirmed. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of turmeric and curcumin in lowering blood lipids in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Medline and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials (published as of November 2016) that assessed the effect of turmeric and curcumin on blood lipid levels including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG). Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the effect. Results The analysis included 7 eligible studies (649 patients). Turmeric and curcumin significantly reduced serum LDL-C (SMD = −0.340, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.530 to −0.150, P < 0.0001) and TG (SMD = −0.214, 95% CI: −0.369 to −0.059, P = 0.007) levels as compared to those in the control group. These may be effective in lowering serum TC levels in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS, SMD = −0.934, 95% CI: −1.289 to −0.579, P < 0.0001), and turmeric extract could possibly have a greater effect on reducing serum TC levels (SMD = −0.584, 95% CI: −0.980 to −0.188, P = 0.004); however, the efficacy is yet to be confirmed. Serum HDL-C levels were not obviously improved. Turmeric and curcumin appeared safe, and no serious adverse events were reported in any of the included studies. Conclusions Turmeric and curcumin may protect patients at risk of CVD through improving serum lipid levels. Curcumin may be used as a well-tolerated dietary adjunct to conventional drugs. Further research is required to resolve uncertainties related to dosage form, dose and medication frequency of curcumin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-017-0293-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Qin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifan Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Gong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaidong Hu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Liu Z, Cui C, Xu P, Dang R, Cai H, Liao D, Yang M, Feng Q, Yan X, Jiang P. Curcumin Activates AMPK Pathway and Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Rats Following Prolonged Clozapine Exposure. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:558. [PMID: 29046626 PMCID: PMC5632657 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clozapine (CLO) remains an ultimate option for patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia. However, the atypical antipsychotic is often associated with serious metabolic side effects, such as dyslipidemia. Hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are central in the allosteric control of a variety of lipid biosynthetic pathways. There is emerging evidence that CLO can activate SREBP pathway and enhance downstream lipogenesis, whereas curcumin (CUR), a major active compound of Curcuma longa, contains hypolipidemic properties. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the protective effects of CUR against CLO-induced lipid disturbance and analyzed the expression of key components in hepatic lipid metabolism. Our data showed that 4-week treatment of CLO (15 mg/kg/day) markedly elevated serum lipid levels and resulted in hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas co-treatment of CUR (80 mg/kg/day) alleviated the CLO-induced dyslipidemia. We further demonstrated that CUR appears to be a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist, which enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and mitigated CLO-induced SREBP overexpression. Additionally, CUR also modulated the downstream SREBP-targeted genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and cholesterol metabolism, including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR). In summary, our study suggests that the suppressed AMPK activity and thereby enhanced SREBP-dependent lipid synthesis could be associated with the antipsychotic-stimulated dyslipidemia, whereas CUR may maintain lipid homeostasis by directly binding to AMPK, indicating that adjunctive use of CUR could be a promising preventive strategy for the drug-induced lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Changmeng Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruili Dang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hualin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dehua Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqi Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingyan Feng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Chen Q, Wang T, Li J, Wang S, Qiu F, Yu H, Zhang Y, Wang T. Effects of Natural Products on Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9020096. [PMID: 28146130 PMCID: PMC5331527 DOI: 10.3390/nu9020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As a sugar additive, fructose is widely used in processed foods and beverages. Excessive fructose consumption can cause hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia, leading to the development of metabolic syndrome. Recent research revealed that fructose-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to several pathological processes, including: (1) augmenting lipogenesis; (2) leading to mitochondrial dysfunction; (3) stimulating the activation of inflammatory pathways; and (4) causing insulin resistance. Cellular signaling research indicated that partial factors play significant roles in fructose-induced NAFLD, involving liver X receptor (LXR)α, sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1/1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα), leptin nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Until now, a series of natural products have been reported as regulators of NAFLD in vivo and in vitro. This paper reviews the natural products (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, and (−)-epicatechin) and their mechanisms of ameliorating fructose-induced NAFLD over the past years. Although, as lead compounds, natural products usually have fewer activities compared with synthesized compounds, it will shed light on studies aiming to discover new drugs for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Sijian Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory degenerative process that affects joints such as the hands, hips, shoulders, feet, spine, and especially knees in millions of people worldwide. Some authors have shown that Curcuma longa components may exhibit benefic effects in the treatment of degenerative diseases as OA. This plant belongs to the family Zingiberaceae and it is popularly known as turmeric or saffron. This review intended to perform a retrospective search to identify studies involving humans and animal models. This review was based on articles linking OA and C. longa. Databases as Medline, Science Direct, and Lilacs were consulted and a retrospective search was carried out in order to identify studies involving humans and animal models. The curcuminoids from C. longa exhibit actions at different locations in the pathogenesis of OA once it may play an important role as anti-inflammatory, down-regulating enzymes as phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2, and lipoxygenases, and reducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha-and interleukins such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8. They also act as inducer of apoptosis in synoviocytes, decreasing the inflammation process and may also reduce the synthesis of reactive oxygen species. For these reasons, new pharmaceutical technology and pharmacological studies should be proposed to determine the dose, the best delivery vehicle, pharmaceutical formulation and route of administration of this plant so its use as an adjunct in the treatment of OA may become a reality in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cristina Akuri
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília - SP, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Meira Val
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília - SP, Brazil
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