1
|
Choi GY, Kim HB, Cho JM, Sreelatha I, Lee IS, Kweon HS, Sul S, Kim SA, Maeng S, Park JH. Umbelliferone Ameliorates Memory Impairment and Enhances Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in Scopolamine-Induced Rat Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102351. [PMID: 37242234 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline. Among the suggested pathogenic mechanisms of AD, the cholinergic hypothesis proposes that AD symptoms are a result of reduced synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh). A non-selective antagonist of the muscarinic ACh receptor, scopolamine (SCOP) induced cognitive impairment in rodents. Umbelliferone (UMB) is a Apiaceae-family-derived 7-hydeoxycoumarin known for its antioxidant, anti-tumor, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic properties. However, the effects of UMB on the electrophysiological and ultrastructure morphological aspects of learning and memory are still not well-established. Thus, we investigated the effect of UMB treatment on cognitive behaviors and used organotypic hippocampal slice cultures for long-term potentiation (LTP) and the hippocampal synaptic ultrastructure. A hippocampal tissue analysis revealed that UMB attenuated a SCOP-induced blockade of field excitatory post-synaptic potential (fEPSP) activity and ameliorated the impairment of LTP by the NMDA and AMPA receptor antagonists. UMB also enhanced the hippocampal synaptic vesicle density on the synaptic ultrastructure. Furthermore, behavioral tests on male SD rats (7-8 weeks old) using the Y-maze test, passive avoidance test (PA), and Morris water maze test (MWM) showed that UMB recovered learning and memory deficits by SCOP. These cognitive improvements were in association with the enhanced expression of BDNF, TrkB, and the pCREB/CREB ratio and the suppression of acetylcholinesterase activity. The current findings indicate that UMB may be an effective neuroprotective reagent applicable for improving learning and memory against AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Young Choi
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Bum Kim
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jae-Min Cho
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Inturu Sreelatha
- Department of Gerontology (AgeTech Service Convergence Major), Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seo Lee
- Department of Gerontology (AgeTech Service Convergence Major), Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Kweon
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyun Sul
- Undergraduate Programs, Rutgers University, 100 Rockafeller Road, Suite 1008, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Sun Ae Kim
- Department of Gerontology (AgeTech Service Convergence Major), Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- Department of Gerontology (AgeTech Service Convergence Major), Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Gerontology (AgeTech Service Convergence Major), Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mitchell ME, Cook LC, Shiers S, Tavares-Ferreira D, Akopian AN, Dussor G, Price TJ. Characterization of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein expression in human nociceptors and their axonal projections to the spinal dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:814-835. [PMID: 36808110 PMCID: PMC10038933 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) regulates activity-dependent RNA localization and local translation to modulate synaptic plasticity throughout the central nervous system. Mutations in the FMR1 gene that hinder or ablate FMRP function cause Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), a disorder associated with sensory processing dysfunction. FXS premutations are associated with increased FMRP expression and neurological impairments including sex dimorphic presentations of chronic pain. In mice, FMRP ablation causes dysregulated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron excitability and synaptic vesicle exocytosis, spinal circuit activity, and decreased translation-dependent nociceptive sensitization. Activity-dependent, local translation is a key mechanism for enhancing primary nociceptor excitability that promotes pain in animals and humans. These works indicate that FMRP likely regulates nociception and pain at the level of the primary nociceptor or spinal cord. Therefore, we sought to better understand FMRP expression in the human DRG and spinal cord using immunostaining in organ donor tissues. We find that FMRP is highly expressed in DRG and spinal neuron subsets with substantia gelatinosa exhibiting the most abundant immunoreactivity in spinal synaptic fields. Here, it is expressed in nociceptor axons. FMRP puncta colocalized with Nav1.7 and TRPV1 receptor signals suggesting a pool of axoplasmic FMRP localizes to plasma membrane-associated loci in these branches. Interestingly, FMRP puncta exhibited notable colocalization with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity selectively in female spinal cord. Our results support a regulatory role for FMRP in human nociceptor axons of the dorsal horn and implicate it in the sex dimorphic actions of CGRP signaling in nociceptive sensitization and chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Mitchell
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren C Cook
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Armen N Akopian
- Department of Endodontics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Gregory Dussor
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Antoniou A, Auderset L, Kaurani L, Sebastian E, Zeng Y, Allahham M, Cases-Cunillera S, Schoch S, Gründemann J, Fischer A, Schneider A. Neuronal extracellular vesicles and associated microRNAs induce circuit connectivity downstream BDNF. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112063. [PMID: 36753414 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as mediators of cellular communication, in part via the delivery of associated microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. We show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mediates the sorting of miR-132-5p, miR-218-5p, and miR-690 in neuron-derived EVs. BDNF-induced EVs in turn increase excitatory synapse formation in recipient hippocampal neurons, which is dependent on the inter-neuronal delivery of these miRNAs. Transcriptomic analysis further indicates the differential expression of developmental and synaptogenesis-related genes by BDNF-induced EVs, many of which are predicted targets of miR-132-5p, miR-218-5p, and miR-690. Furthermore, BDNF-induced EVs up-regulate synaptic vesicle (SV) clustering in a transmissible manner, thereby increasing synaptic transmission and synchronous neuronal activity. As BDNF and EV-miRNAs miR-218 and miR-132 were previously implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression, our results contribute to a better understanding of disorders characterized by aberrant neural circuit connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Antoniou
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Loic Auderset
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lalit Kaurani
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva Sebastian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuzhou Zeng
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Allahham
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany; Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Silvia Cases-Cunillera
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Schoch
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Gründemann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Long-Term Paracetamol Treatment Impairs Cognitive Function and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Adult Rat Brain. Sci Pharm 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm91010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracetamol (acetaminophen, APAP) is known as a safe pain reliever; however, its negative effects on the central nervous system have gradually been reported. We examined alterations in learning and memory, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the frontal cortex and hippocampus at different durations of APAP treatment in rats. Novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) paradigms were used to assess learning and memory in rats fed with 200 mg/kg APAP at single-dose, 15-day or 30-day treatments. BDNF expression was evaluated through immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The single-dose APAP treatment did not alter the NOR performance. However, deficits in the NOR and MWM capacities were detected in the rats with longer durations of APAP treatment. An analysis of BDNF expression revealed no significant change in BDNF expression in the single-dose APAP treatment, while rats given APAP for extended periods as treatment showed a significant decrement in this protein in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Short-term APAP treatment has no effect on learning and memory, or BDNF expression; however, long-term APAP exposure causes cognitive impairment. The diminishment of the BDNF level in the frontal cortex and hippocampus due to the long period of treatment with APAP may at least in part be involved in altered learning and memory in rats.
Collapse
|
5
|
Thapliyal S, Arendt KL, Lau AG, Chen L. Retinoic acid-gated BDNF synthesis in neuronal dendrites drives presynaptic homeostatic plasticity. eLife 2022; 11:e79863. [PMID: 36515276 PMCID: PMC9797192 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is a non-Hebbian synaptic mechanism that adjusts synaptic strength to maintain network stability while achieving optimal information processing. Among the molecular mediators shown to regulate this form of plasticity, synaptic signaling through retinoic acid (RA) and its receptor, RARα, has been shown to be critically involved in the homeostatic adjustment of synaptic transmission in both hippocampus and sensory cortices. In this study, we explore the molecular mechanism through which postsynaptic RA and RARα regulates presynaptic neurotransmitter release during prolonged synaptic inactivity at mouse glutamatertic synapses. We show that RARα binds to a subset of dendritically sorted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) mRNA splice isoforms and represses their translation. The RA-mediated translational de-repression of postsynaptic BDNF results in the retrograde activation of presynaptic tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptors, facilitating presynaptic homeostatic compensation through enhanced presynaptic release. Together, our study illustrates an RA-mediated retrograde synaptic signaling pathway through which postsynaptic protein synthesis during synaptic inactivity drives compensatory changes at the presynaptic site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Thapliyal
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Kristin L Arendt
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Anthony G Lau
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Lu Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cai C, Wang L, Li S, Lou S, Luo JL, Fu DY, Chen T. Ras Inhibitor Lonafarnib Rescues Structural and Functional Impairments of Synapses of Aβ 1-42 Mice via α7nAChR-Dependent BDNF Upregulation. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6090-6107. [PMID: 35760529 PMCID: PMC9351638 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1989-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by the structural and functional impairments of synapses in the hippocampus, inducing the learning and memory deficiencies. Ras GTPase is closely related to the synaptic function and memory. This study was to investigate the effects of farnesyl transferase inhibitor lonafarnib on the synaptic structure and function in AD male mice and explore the potential mechanism. Our results showed 50 mg/kg lonafarnib (intraperitoneal) rescued the impaired spatial memory and improved the damaged synaptic transmission and plasticity of Aβ1-42 mice. In addition, lonafarnib ameliorated the morphology of synaptic dendrites and spines in Aβ1-42 mice. Furthermore, lonafarnib enhanced α7nAChR cell surface expression and phosphorylation of downstream Akt and CaMKII in Aβ1-42 mice, which were inhibited by α7nAChR antagonist methyl lycaconitine (MLA), and increased the phosphorylation of CREB in a CaMKII- but not ERK-dependent way. Lonafarnib enhanced hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in Aβ1-42 mice, which was sensitive to MLA and KN93 (an inhibitor of CaMKII), but not related to ERK and Akt pathways. H-Ras, but not Rhes, was related to the lonafarnib induced improvement of α7nAChR cell surface expression and BDNF content. Interestingly, lonafarnib induced improvement of synaptic transmission, plasticity and spatial cognition in Aβ1-42 mice was abolished by BDNF deprivation with TrkB/Fc chimera protein. Our results indicate that lonafarnib can rescue the structural and functional impairments of synapses in the Aβ1-42 mice, which may be related to the improvement of BDNF content through the H-Ras-α7nAChR-dependent CaMKII-CREB pathway, leading to the improvement of spatial cognition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by the structural and functional impairments of synapses in the hippocampus, inducing the learning and memory deficiencies. However, no effective drugs have not been developed for the treatment of AD synaptic. This study for the first time reported the beneficial effects of Ras inhibitor lonafarnib on the synaptic structure and function in AD mice, providing an alternative way for the treatment of "synaptic disease" in AD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Cai
- School of Life Science, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
| | - Shixin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
| | - Shengchun Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
| | - Jia-Lie Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
| | - Ding-Yi Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong, Jiangsu 226006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bazzari AH, Bazzari FH. BDNF Therapeutic Mechanisms in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158417. [PMID: 35955546 PMCID: PMC9368938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant neurotrophin in the adult brain and functions as both a primary neurotrophic signal and a neuromodulator. It serves essential roles in neuronal development, maintenance, transmission, and plasticity, thereby influencing aging, cognition, and behavior. Accumulating evidence associates reduced central and peripheral BDNF levels with various neuropsychiatric disorders, supporting its potential utilization as a biomarker of central pathologies. Subsequently, extensive research has been conducted to evaluate restoring, or otherwise augmenting, BDNF transmission as a potential therapeutic approach. Promising results were indeed observed for genetic BDNF upregulation or exogenous administration using a multitude of murine models of neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, varying mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the observed therapeutic effects, and many findings indicate the engagement of disease-specific and other non-specific mechanisms. This is because BDNF essentially affects all aspects of neuronal cellular function through tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor signaling, the disruptions of which vary between brain regions across different pathologies leading to diversified consequences on cognition and behavior. Herein, we review the neurophysiology of BDNF transmission and signaling and classify the converging and diverging molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potentials in neuropsychiatric disorders. These include neuroprotection, synaptic maintenance, immunomodulation, plasticity facilitation, secondary neuromodulation, and preservation of neurovascular unit integrity and cellular viability. Lastly, we discuss several findings suggesting BDNF as a common mediator of the therapeutic actions of centrally acting pharmacological agents used in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad H. Bazzari
- Faculty of Medicine, Arab American University, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin 240, Palestine
- Correspondence:
| | - Firas H. Bazzari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab American University, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin 240, Palestine;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dissanayake WC, Shepherd PR. β-cells retain a pool of insulin-containing secretory vesicles regulated by adherens junctions and the cadherin binding protein p120 catenin. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102240. [PMID: 35809641 PMCID: PMC9358467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-cells of the islets of Langerhans are the sole producers of insulin in the human body. In response to rising glucose levels, insulin-containing vesicles inside β-cells fuse with the plasma membrane and release their cargo. However, the mechanisms regulating this process are only partly understood. Previous evidence indicated reductions in α-catenin elevate insulin release, while reductions in β-catenin decrease insulin release. α- and β-catenin contribute to cellular regulation in a range of ways but one is as members of the adherens junction complex and these contribute to the development of cell polarity in b-cells. Therefore, we investigated the effects of adherens junctions on insulin release. We show in INS-1E β-cells knockdown of either E- or N-cadherin had only small effects on insulin secretion, but simultaneous knockout of both cadherins resulted in a significant increase in basal insulin release to the same level as glucose-stimulated release. This double knockdown also significantly attenuated levels of p120 catenin, a cadherin binding partner involved in regulating cadherin turnover. Conversely, reducing p120 catenin levels with siRNA destabilized both E- and N-cadherin, and this was also associated with an increase in levels of insulin secreted from INS-1E cells. Furthermore, there were also changes in these cells consistent with higher insulin release, namely reductions in levels of F-actin and increased intracellular free Ca2+ levels in response to KCl-induced membrane depolarization. Taken together, these data provide evidence that adherens junctions play important roles in retaining a pool of insulin secretory vesicles within the cell and establish a role for p120 catenin in regulating this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waruni C Dissanayake
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter R Shepherd
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mehterov N, Minchev D, Gevezova M, Sarafian V, Maes M. Interactions Among Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neuroimmune Pathways Are Key Components of the Major Psychiatric Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4926-4952. [PMID: 35657457 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the reciprocal associations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and immune-inflammatory pathways and how these links may explain the involvement of this neurotrophin in the immune pathophysiology of mood disorders and schizophrenia. Toward this end, we delineated the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network centered around BDNF and searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for papers dealing with the involvement of BDNF in the major psychosis, neurodevelopment, neuronal functions, and immune-inflammatory and related pathways. The PPI network was built based on the significant interactions of BDNF with neurotrophic (NTRK2, NTF4, and NGFR), immune (cytokines, STAT3, TRAF6), and cell-cell junction (CTNNB, CDH1) DEPs (differentially expressed proteins). Enrichment analysis shows that the most significant terms associated with this PPI network are the tyrosine kinase receptor (TRKR) and Src homology region two domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP2) pathways, tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathways, positive regulation of kinase and transferase activity, cytokine signaling, and negative regulation of the immune response. The participation of BDNF in the immune response and its interactions with neuroprotective and cell-cell adhesion DEPs is probably a conserved regulatory process which protects against the many detrimental effects of immune activation and hyperinflammation including neurotoxicity. Lowered BDNF levels in mood disorders and schizophrenia (a) are associated with disruptions in neurotrophic signaling and activated immune-inflammatory pathways leading to neurotoxicity and (b) may interact with the reduced expression of other DEPs (CTNNB1, CDH1, or DISC1) leading to multiple aberrations in synapse and axonal functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Danail Minchev
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Gevezova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Michael Maes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. .,Department of Psychiatry, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051143. [PMID: 35625880 PMCID: PMC9138678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, neurodegenerative diseases cause a significant degree of disability and distress. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), primarily found in the brain, has a substantial role in the development and maintenance of various nerve roles and is associated with the family of neurotrophins, including neuronal growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5). BDNF has affinity with tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrKB), which is found in the brain in large amounts and is expressed in several cells. Several studies have shown that decrease in BDNF causes an imbalance in neuronal functioning and survival. Moreover, BDNF has several important roles, such as improving synaptic plasticity and contributing to long-lasting memory formation. BDNF has been linked to the pathology of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. This review aims to describe recent efforts to understand the connection between the level of BDNF and neurodegenerative diseases. Several studies have shown that a high level of BDNF is associated with a lower risk for developing a neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu XL, Yan QJ, Zhu F. Abnormal synaptic plasticity and impaired cognition in schizophrenia. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:541-557. [PMID: 35582335 PMCID: PMC9048451 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i4.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental illness that affects several brain domains with relation to cognition and behaviour. SCZ symptoms are typically classified into three categories, namely, positive, negative, and cognitive. The etiology of SCZ is thought to be multifactorial and poorly understood. Accumulating evidence has indicated abnormal synaptic plasticity and cognitive impairments in SCZ. Synaptic plasticity is thought to be induced at appropriate synapses during memory formation and has a critical role in the cognitive symptoms of SCZ. Many factors, including synaptic structure changes, aberrant expression of plasticity-related genes, and abnormal synaptic transmission, may influence synaptic plasticity and play vital roles in SCZ. In this article, we briefly summarize the morphology of the synapse, the neurobiology of synaptic plasticity, and the role of synaptic plasticity, and review potential mechanisms underlying abnormal synaptic plasticity in SCZ. These abnormalities involve dendritic spines, postsynaptic density, and long-term potentiation-like plasticity. We also focus on cognitive dysfunction, which reflects impaired connectivity in SCZ. Additionally, the potential targets for the treatment of SCZ are discussed in this article. Therefore, understanding abnormal synaptic plasticity and impaired cognition in SCZ has an essential role in drug therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiu-Jin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Clathrin-nanoparticles deliver BDNF to hippocampus and enhance neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and cognition in HIV/neuroAIDS mouse model. Commun Biol 2022; 5:236. [PMID: 35301411 PMCID: PMC8931075 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes the growth, differentiation, maintenance and survival of neurons. These attributes make BDNF a potentially powerful therapeutic agent. However, its charge, instability in blood, and poor blood brain barrier (BBB) penetrability have impeded its development. Here, we show that engineered clathrin triskelia (CT) conjugated to BDNF (BDNF-CT) and delivered intranasally increased hippocampal BDNF concentrations 400-fold above that achieved previously with intranasal BDNF alone. We also show that BDNF-CT targeted Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and increased TrkB expression and downstream signaling in iTat mouse brains. Mice were induced to conditionally express neurotoxic HIV Transactivator-of-Transcription (Tat) protein that decreases BDNF. Down-regulation of BDNF is correlated with increased severity of HIV/neuroAIDS. BDNF-CT enhanced neurorestorative effects in the hippocampus including newborn cell proliferation and survival, granule cell neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and increased dendritic integrity. BDNF-CT exerted cognitive-enhancing effects by reducing Tat-induced learning and memory deficits. These results show that CT bionanoparticles efficiently deliver BDNF to the brain, making them potentially powerful tools in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
13
|
Mice lacking 5-lipoxygenase display motor deficits associated with cortical and hippocampal synapse abnormalities. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:183-193. [PMID: 34896181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural-immune interactions are related to the synapse plasticity and other dynamic processes in the nervous system. The absence or dysfunction of cellular/molecular elements from the immune system lead to impairments in the central and peripheral nervous system with behavior consequences such as cognitive, sensory, and locomotor deficits as well as social disabilities and anxiety disturbances. Cellular interactions between immune cells such as macrophages, microglia, and neutrophils with glial or neuronal cells have been of increasing interest over the last years. However, little is known about the role of immune-derived soluble factors in the context of homeostasis of the nervous system. Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators derived from the oxidation of arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and are classically involved in inflammation, allergies, and asthma. Here, we demonstrated that adult mice lacking 5-LO (5-LO-/-) showed motor deficits in rotarod test and increased repetitive behavior (marble burying test). These behavioral changes are accompanied by increased levels of synapse proteins (PSD95 and synaptophysin) at the motor cortex and hippocampus, but not with BDNF alterations. No changes in microglial cell density or morphology were seen in the brains of 5-LO-/- mice. Furthermore, expression of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 was increased and of its ligand CX3CL1 was decreased in the cortex of 5-LO-/- mice. Here we provide evidence for the involvement of 5-LO products structuring synapses network with motor behavior consequences. We suggest that the absence of 5-LO products lead to modified microglial/neuron interaction, reducing microglial pruning.
Collapse
|
14
|
Cornejo F, Cortés BI, Findlay GM, Cancino GI. LAR Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase Family in Healthy and Diseased Brain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659951. [PMID: 34966732 PMCID: PMC8711739 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatases are major regulators of signal transduction and they are involved in key cellular mechanisms such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. Here we focus on one class of protein phosphatases, the type IIA Receptor-type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (RPTPs), or LAR-RPTP subfamily. In the last decade, LAR-RPTPs have been demonstrated to have great importance in neurobiology, from neurodevelopment to brain disorders. In vertebrates, the LAR-RPTP subfamily is composed of three members: PTPRF (LAR), PTPRD (PTPδ) and PTPRS (PTPσ), and all participate in several brain functions. In this review we describe the structure and proteolytic processing of the LAR-RPTP subfamily, their alternative splicing and enzymatic regulation. Also, we review the role of the LAR-RPTP subfamily in neural function such as dendrite and axon growth and guidance, synapse formation and differentiation, their participation in synaptic activity, and in brain development, discussing controversial findings and commenting on the most recent studies in the field. Finally, we discuss the clinical outcomes of LAR-RPTP mutations, which are associated with several brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Cornejo
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bastián I Cortés
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Greg M Findlay
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Gonzalo I Cancino
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maes M, Plaimas K, Suratanee A, Noto C, Kanchanatawan B. First Episode Psychosis and Schizophrenia Are Systemic Neuro-Immune Disorders Triggered by a Biotic Stimulus in Individuals with Reduced Immune Regulation and Neuroprotection. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112929. [PMID: 34831151 PMCID: PMC8616258 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that schizophrenia is characterized by activation of the immune-inflammatory response (IRS) and compensatory immune-regulatory systems (CIRS) and lowered neuroprotection. Studies performed on antipsychotic-naïve first episode psychosis (AN-FEP) and schizophrenia (FES) patients are important as they may disclose the pathogenesis of FES. However, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of FEP/FES is not established. The aim of the current study was to delineate a) the characteristics of the PPI network of AN-FEP and its transition to FES; and b) the biological functions, pathways, and molecular patterns, which are over-represented in FEP/FES. Toward this end, we used PPI network, enrichment, and annotation analyses. FEP and FEP/FES are strongly associated with a response to a bacterium, alterations in Toll-Like Receptor-4 and nuclear factor-κB signaling, and the Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of the transcription proteins pathway. Specific molecular complexes of the peripheral immune response are associated with microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and gliogenesis. FEP/FES is accompanied by lowered protection against inflammation, in part attributable to dysfunctional miRNA maturation, deficits in neurotrophin and Wnt/catenin signaling, and adherens junction organization. Multiple interactions between reduced brain derived neurotrophic factor, E-cadherin, and β-catenin and disrupted schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) expression increase the vulnerability to the neurotoxic effects of immune molecules, including cytokines and complement factors. In summary: FEP and FES are systemic neuro-immune disorders that are probably triggered by a bacterial stimulus which induces neuro-immune toxicity cascades that are overexpressed in people with reduced anti-inflammatory and miRNA protections, cell–cell junction organization, and neurotrophin and Wnt/catenin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand;
| | - Cristiano Noto
- GAPi (Early Psychosis Group), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil;
- Schizophrenia Program (PROESQ), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Buranee Kanchanatawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Secreted Reporter Assay Enables Quantitative and Longitudinal Monitoring of Neuronal Activity. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0518-20.2021. [PMID: 34531280 PMCID: PMC8489021 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0518-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to measure changes in neuronal activity in a quantifiable and precise manner is of fundamental importance to understand neuron development and function. Repeated monitoring of neuronal activity of the same population of neurons over several days is challenging and, typically, low-throughput. Here, we describe a new biochemical reporter assay that allows for repeated measurements of neuronal activity in a cell type-specific manner. We coupled activity-dependent elements from the Arc/Arg3.1 gene with a secreted reporter, Gaussia luciferase (Gluc), to quantify neuronal activity without sacrificing the neurons. The reporter predominantly senses calcium and NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent activity. By repeatedly measuring the accumulation of the reporter in cell media, we can profile the developmental dynamics of neuronal activity in cultured neurons from male and female mice. The assay also allows for longitudinal analysis of pharmacological treatments, thus distinguishing acute from delayed responses. Moreover, conditional expression of the reporter allows for monitoring cell type-specific changes. This simple, quantitative, cost-effective, automatable, and cell type-specific activity reporter is a valuable tool to study the development of neuronal activity in normal and disease-model conditions, and to identify small molecules or protein factors that selectively modulate the activity of a specific population of neurons.
Collapse
|
17
|
Martínez-Torres NI, Vázquez-Hernández N, Martín-Amaya-Barajas FL, Flores-Soto M, González-Burgos I. Ibotenic acid induced lesions impair the modulation of dendritic spine plasticity in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, a phenomenon that underlies working memory and social behavior. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 896:173883. [PMID: 33513334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The lesions induced by Ibotenic acid (IA) emulate some of the symptoms associated with schizophrenia, such as impaired working memory that is predominantly organized by the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), or difficulties in social interactions that aremainly organized by the amygdala (AMG). The plastic capacity of dendritic spines in neurons of the mPFC and AMG is modulated by molecules that participate in the known deterioration of working memory, although the influence of these on the socialization of schizophrenic patients is unknown. Here, the effect of a neonatal IA induced lesion on social behavior and working memory was evaluated in adult rats, along with the changes in cytoarchitecture of dendritic spines and their protein content, specifically the postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), Synaptophysin (Syn), AMPA receptors, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Both working memory and social behavior were impaired, and the density of the spines, as well as their PSD-95, Syn, AMPA receptor and BDNF content was lower in IA lesioned animals. The proportional density of thin, mushroom, stubby and wide spines resulted in plastic changes that suggest the activation of compensatory processes in the face of the adverse effects of the lesion. In addition, the reduction in the levels of the modulating factors also suggests that the signaling pathways in which such factors are implicated would be altered in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. Accordingly, the experimental study of such signaling pathways is likely to aid the development of more effective pharmacological strategies for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Néstor I Martínez-Torres
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico; Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán, Jal., Mexico
| | - Nallely Vázquez-Hernández
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico
| | | | - Mario Flores-Soto
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico
| | - Ignacio González-Burgos
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xiong X, Lai X, Li A, Liu Z, Ma N. Diversity roles of CHD1L in normal cell function and tumorigenesis. Biomark Res 2021; 9:16. [PMID: 33663617 PMCID: PMC7934534 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like gene (CHD1L) is a multifunctional protein participated in diverse cellular processes, including chromosome remodeling, cell differentiation and development. CHD1L is a regulator of chromosomal integrity maintenance, DNA repair and transcriptional regulation through its bindings to DNA. By regulating kinds of complex networks, CHD1L has been identified as a potent anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative factor. CHD1L is also an oncoprotein since its overexpression leads to dysregulation of related downstream targets in various cancers. The latest advances in the functional molecular basis of CHD1L in normal cells will be described in this review. As the same time, we will describe the current understanding of CHD1L in terms of structure, characteristics, function and the molecular mechanisms underlying CHD1L in tumorigenesis. We inference that the role of CHD1L which involve in multiple cellular processes and oncogenesis is well worth further studying in basic biology and clinical relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Xudong Lai
- Departement of infectious disease, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Ningfang Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China. .,Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peretti D, Smith HL, Verity N, Humoud I, de Weerd L, Swinden DP, Hayes J, Mallucci GR. TrkB signaling regulates the cold-shock protein RBM3-mediated neuroprotection. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/4/e202000884. [PMID: 33563652 PMCID: PMC7893816 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing levels of the cold-shock protein, RNA-binding motif 3 (RBM3), either through cooling or by ectopic over-expression, prevents synapse and neuronal loss in mouse models of neurodegeneration. To exploit this process therapeutically requires an understanding of mechanisms controlling cold-induced RBM3 expression. Here, we show that cooling increases RBM3 through activation of TrkB via PLCγ1 and pCREB signaling. RBM3, in turn, has a hitherto unrecognized negative feedback on TrkB-induced ERK activation through induction of its specific phosphatase, DUSP6. Thus, RBM3 mediates structural plasticity through a distinct, non-canonical activation of TrkB signaling, which is abolished in RBM3-null neurons. Both genetic reduction and pharmacological antagonism of TrkB and its downstream mediators abrogate cooling-induced RBM3 induction and prevent structural plasticity, whereas TrkB inhibition similarly prevents RBM3 induction and the neuroprotective effects of cooling in prion-diseased mice. Conversely, TrkB agonism induces RBM3 without cooling, preventing synapse loss and neurodegeneration. TrkB signaling is, therefore, necessary for the induction of RBM3 and related neuroprotective effects and provides a target by which RBM3-mediated synapse-regenerative therapies in neurodegenerative disorders can be used therapeutically without the need for inducing hypothermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Peretti
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heather L Smith
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas Verity
- MRC Toxicology Unit at the University of Cambridge, Leicester, UK
| | - Ibrahim Humoud
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lis de Weerd
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dean P Swinden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joseph Hayes
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giovanna R Mallucci
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sheeler C, Rosa JG, Borgenheimer E, Mellesmoen A, Rainwater O, Cvetanovic M. Post-symptomatic Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Ameliorates Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 (SCA1) Pathogenesis. THE CEREBELLUM 2021; 20:420-429. [PMID: 33394333 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-020-01226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by an abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the Ataxin1 (ATXN1) gene. SCA1 is characterized by motor deficits, cerebellar neurodegeneration, and gliosis and gene expression changes. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), growth factor important for the survival and function of cerebellar neurons, is decreased in ATXN1[82Q] mice, the Purkinje neuron specific transgenic mouse model of SCA1. As this decrease in BDNF expression may contribute to cerebellar neurodegeneration, we tested whether delivery of extrinsic human BDNF via osmotic ALZET pumps has a beneficial effect on disease severity in this mouse model of SCA1. Additionally, to test the effects of BDNF on established and progressing cerebellar pathogenesis and motor deficits, we delivered BDNF post-symptomatically. We have found that post-symptomatic delivery of extrinsic BDNF ameliorated motor deficits and cerebellar pathology (i.e., dendritic atrophy of Purkinje cells, and astrogliosis) indicating therapeutic potential of BDNF even after the onset of symptoms in SCA1. However, BDNF did not alter Purkinje cell gene expression changes indicating that certain aspects of disease pathogenesis cannot be ameliorated/slowed down with BDNF and that combinational therapies may be needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Sheeler
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Juao-Guilherme Rosa
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ella Borgenheimer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Aaron Mellesmoen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Orion Rainwater
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Marija Cvetanovic
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vannini E, Restani L, Dilillo M, McDonnell LA, Caleo M, Marra V. Synaptic Vesicles Dynamics in Neocortical Epilepsy. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:606142. [PMID: 33362472 PMCID: PMC7758433 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.606142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal hyperexcitability often results from an unbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, but the synaptic alterations leading to enhanced seizure propensity are only partly understood. Taking advantage of a mouse model of neocortical epilepsy, we used a combination of photoconversion and electron microscopy to assess changes in synaptic vesicles pools in vivo. Our analyses reveal that epileptic networks show an early onset lengthening of active zones at inhibitory synapses, together with a delayed spatial reorganization of recycled vesicles at excitatory synapses. Proteomics of synaptic content indicate that specific proteins were increased in epileptic mice. Altogether, our data reveal a complex landscape of nanoscale changes affecting the epileptic synaptic release machinery. In particular, our findings show that an altered positioning of release-competent vesicles represent a novel signature of epileptic networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Vannini
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Restani
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Matteo Caleo
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Marra
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee YJ, Kim HR, Lee CY, Hyun SA, Ko MY, Lee BS, Hwang DY, Ka M. 2-Phenylethylamine (PEA) Ameliorates Corticosterone-Induced Depression-Like Phenotype via the BDNF/TrkB/CREB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239103. [PMID: 33265983 PMCID: PMC7729630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious medical illness that is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Corticosterone (CORT) increases depression-like behavior, with some effects on anxiety-like behavior. 2-Phenethylamine (PEA) is a monoamine alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. Here, we show that PEA exerts antidepressant effects by modulating the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in CORT-induced depression. To investigate the potential effects of PEA on CORT-induced depression, we first treated CORT (50 μM)-induced hippocampal neurons with 100 μM PEA for 24 h. We found that treatment with CORT altered dendritic spine architecture; however, treatment with PEA rescued dendritic spine formation via regulation of BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling. Next, we used a mouse model of CORT-induced depression. Mice were treated with CORT (20 mg/kg) for 21 days, followed by assessments of a battery of depression-like behaviors. During the final four days of CORT exposure, the mice were treated with PEA (50 mg/kg). We found that CORT injection promoted depression-like behavior and significantly decreased BDNF and TrkB expression in the hippocampus. However, treatment with PEA significantly ameliorated the behavioral and biochemical changes induced by CORT. Our findings reveal that PEA exerts antidepressant effects by modulating the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in a mouse model of CORT-induced depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ju Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Hye Ryeong Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 61062, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Sung-Ae Hyun
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Moon Yi Ko
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Minhan Ka
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-610-8095; Fax: +82-42-610-8252
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chenouard N, Xuan F, Tsien RW. Synaptic vesicle traffic is supported by transient actin filaments and regulated by PKA and NO. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5318. [PMID: 33087709 PMCID: PMC7578807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic vesicles (SVs) can be pooled across multiple synapses, prompting questions about their dynamic allocation for neurotransmission and plasticity. We find that the axonal traffic of recycling vesicles is not supported by ubiquitous microtubule-based motility but relies on actin instead. Vesicles freed from synaptic clusters undergo ~1 µm bouts of active transport, initiated by nearby elongation of actin filaments. Long distance translocation arises when successive bouts of active transport were linked by periods of free diffusion. The availability of SVs for active transport can be promptly increased by protein kinase A, a key player in neuromodulation. Vesicle motion is in turn impeded by shutting off axonal actin polymerization, mediated by nitric oxide-cyclic GMP signaling leading to inhibition of RhoA. These findings provide a potential framework for coordinating post-and pre-synaptic strength, using retrograde regulation of axonal actin dynamics to mobilize and recruit presynaptic SV resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chenouard
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Feng Xuan
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Richard W Tsien
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA. .,Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Koroleva ES, Tolmachev IV, Alifirova VM, Boiko AS, Levchuk LA, Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Serum BDNF's Role as a Biomarker for Motor Training in the Context of AR-Based Rehabilitation after Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E623. [PMID: 32916851 PMCID: PMC7564457 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play a role during neurorehabilitation following ischemic stroke. This study aimed to elucidate the possible role of BDNF during early recovery from ischemic stroke assisted by motor training. METHODS fifty patients were included after acute recovery from ischemic stroke: 21 first received classical rehabilitation followed by 'motor rehabilitation using motion sensors and augmented reality' (AR-rehabilitation), 14 only received AR-rehabilitation, and 15 were only observed. Serum BDNF levels were measured on the first day of stroke, on the 14th day, before AR-based rehabilitation (median, 45th day), and after the AR-based rehabilitation (median, 82nd day). Motor impairment was quantified clinically using the Fugl-Meyer scale (FMA); functional disability and activities of daily living (ADL) were measured using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). For comparison, serum BDNF was measured in 50 healthy individuals. RESULTS BDNF levels were found to significantly increase during the phase with AR-based rehabilitation. The pattern of the sequentially measured BDNF levels was similar in the treated patients. Untreated patients had significantly lower BDNF levels at the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS the fluctuations of BDNF levels are not consistently related to motor improvement but seem to react to active treatment. Without active rehabilitation treatment, BDNF tends to decrease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S. Koroleva
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.S.K.); (V.M.A.)
| | - Ivan V. Tolmachev
- Department of Medical and Biological Cybernetics, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Valentina M. Alifirova
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.S.K.); (V.M.A.)
| | - Anastasiia S. Boiko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleutskaya str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (L.A.L.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Lyudmila A. Levchuk
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleutskaya str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (L.A.L.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleutskaya str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (L.A.L.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Spampinato SF, Merlo S, Fagone E, Fruciano M, Sano Y, Kanda T, Sortino MA. Reciprocal Interplay Between Astrocytes and CD4+ Cells Affects Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuronal Function in Response to β Amyloid. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:120. [PMID: 32719583 PMCID: PMC7347984 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuronal degeneration is associated with gliosis and infiltration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which participate in neuroinflammation. Defects at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) facilitate PBMCs migration towards the central nervous system (CNS) and in particular CD4+ T cells have been found in areas severely affected in AD. However, the role of T cells, once they migrate into the CNS, is not well defined. CD4+ cells interact with astrocytes able to release several factors and cytokines that can modulate T cell polarization; similarly, astrocytic properties are modulated after interaction with T cells. Methods: In in vitro models, astrocytes were primed with β-amyloid (Aβ; 2.5 μM, 5 h) and then co-cultured with magnetically isolated CD4+ cells. Cytokines expression was evaluated both in co-cultured CD4+ cells and astrocytes. The effects of this crosstalk were further evaluated by co-culturing CD4+ cells with the neuronal-like SH-SY5Y cell line and astrocytes with endothelial cells. Results: The pattern of cytokines and trophic factors expressed by CD4+ cells were strongly modulated in the presence of Aβ-primed astrocytes. Specifically, the percentage of IL-4+ and IFNγ+ CD4+ cells was significantly increased and reduced, respectively. Further, increased BDNF mRNA levels were observed in CD4+ cells. When SH-SY5Y cells were co-cultured with astrocyte-conditioned CD4+ cells and exposed to Aβ, the reduction of the presynaptic protein synaptophysin was prevented with a BDNF-dependent mechanism. In astrocytes co-cultured with CD4+ cells, reduced mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines and VEGF were observed. This was paralleled by the prevention of the reduction of claudin-5 when astrocytes were co-cultured with endothelial cells. Conclusion: Following Aβ exposure, there exists reciprocal crosstalk between infiltrating peripheral cells and astrocytes that in turn affects not only endothelial function and thus BBB properties, but also neuronal behavior. Since astrocytes are the first cells that lymphocytes interact with and are among the principal players in neuroinflammation occurring in AD, understanding this crosstalk may disclose new potential targets of intervention in the treatment of neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Federica Spampinato
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sara Merlo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Evelina Fagone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mary Fruciano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Yasuteru Sano
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanda
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Maria Angela Sortino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tejeda GS, Esteban‐Ortega GM, San Antonio E, Vidaurre ÓG, Díaz‐Guerra M. Prevention of excitotoxicity-induced processing of BDNF receptor TrkB-FL leads to stroke neuroprotection. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e9950. [PMID: 31273936 PMCID: PMC6609917 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotective strategies aimed to pharmacologically treat stroke, a prominent cause of death, disability, and dementia, have remained elusive. A promising approach is restriction of excitotoxic neuronal death in the infarct penumbra through enhancement of survival pathways initiated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, boosting of neurotrophic signaling after ischemia is challenged by downregulation of BDNF high-affinity receptor, full-length tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB-FL), due to calpain-degradation, and, secondarily, regulated intramembrane proteolysis. Here, we have designed a blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeable peptide containing TrkB-FL sequences (TFL457 ) which prevents receptor disappearance from the neuronal surface, early induced after excitotoxicity. In this way, TFL457 interferes TrkB-FL cleavage by both proteolytic systems and increases neuronal viability via a PLCγ-dependent mechanism. By preserving downstream CREB and MEF2 promoter activities, TFL457 initiates a feedback mechanism favoring increased levels in excitotoxic neurons of critical prosurvival mRNAs and proteins. This neuroprotective peptide could be highly relevant for stroke therapy since, in a mouse ischemia model, it counteracts TrkB-FL downregulation in the infarcted brain, efficiently decreases infarct size, and improves neurological outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo S Tejeda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
- Present address:
Gardiner LaboratoryInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical SciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Gema M Esteban‐Ortega
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Esther San Antonio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Óscar G Vidaurre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Margarita Díaz‐Guerra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ryu T, Park HJ, Kim H, Cho YC, Kim BC, Jo J, Seo YW, Choi WS, Kim K. Improved memory and reduced anxiety in δ-catenin transgenic mice. Exp Neurol 2019; 318:22-31. [PMID: 30981806 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
δ-Catenin is abundant in the brain and affects its synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, loss of δ-catenin is related to the deficits of learning and memory, mental retardation (cri-du-chat syndrome), and autism. A few studies about δ-catenin deficiency mice were performed. However, the effect of δ-catenin overexpression in the brain has not been investigated as yet. Therefore we generated a δ-catenin overexpressing mouse model. To generate a transgenic mouse model overexpressing δ-catenin in the brain, δ-catenin plasmid having a Thy-1 promotor was microinjected in C57BL/6 mice. Our results showed δ-catenin transgenic mice expressed higher levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, and p120-catenin than did wild type mice. Furthermore, δ-catenin transgenic mice exhibited better object recognition, better sociability, and lower anxiety than wild type mice. However, both mice groups showed a similar pattern in locomotion tests. Although δ-catenin transgenic mice show similar locomotion, they show improved sociability and reduced anxiety. These characteristics are opposite to the symptoms of autism or mental retardation, which are caused when δ-catenin is deficient. These results suggest that δ-catenin may alleviate symptoms of autism, Alzheimer's disease and mental retardation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwnagju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Jo
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwnagju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Seok Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Conditional BDNF Delivery from Astrocytes Rescues Memory Deficits, Spine Density, and Synaptic Properties in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease. J Neurosci 2019; 39:2441-2458. [PMID: 30700530 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2121-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well documented that neurotrophins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are severely affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their administration faces a myriad of technical challenges. Here we took advantage of the early astrogliosis observed in an amyloid mouse model of AD (5xFAD) and used it as an internal sensor to administer BDNF conditionally and locally. We first demonstrate the relevance of BDNF release from astrocytes by evaluating the effects of coculturing WT neurons and BDNF-deficient astrocytes. Next, we crossed 5xFAD mice with pGFAP:BDNF mice (only males were used) to create 5xFAD mice that overexpress BDNF when and where astrogliosis is initiated (5xF:pGB mice). We evaluated the behavioral phenotype of these mice. We first found that BDNF from astrocytes is crucial for dendrite outgrowth and spine number in cultured WT neurons. Double-mutant 5xF:pGB mice displayed improvements in cognitive tasks compared with 5xFAD littermates. In these mice, there was a rescue of BDNF/TrkB downstream signaling activity associated with an improvement of dendritic spine density and morphology. Clusters of synaptic markers, PSD-95 and synaptophysin, were also recovered in 5xF:pGB compared with 5xFAD mice as well as the number of presynaptic vesicles at excitatory synapses. Additionally, experimentally evoked LTP in vivo was increased in 5xF:pGB mice. The beneficial effects of conditional BDNF production and local delivery at the location of active neuropathology highlight the potential to use endogenous biomarkers with early onset, such as astrogliosis, as regulators of neurotrophic therapy in AD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Recent evidence places astrocytes as pivotal players during synaptic plasticity and memory processes. In the present work, we first provide evidence that astrocytes are essential for neuronal morphology via BDNF release. We then crossed transgenic mice (5xFAD mice) with the transgenic pGFAP-BDNF mice, which express BDNF under the GFAP promoter. The resultant double-mutant mice 5xF:pGB mice displayed a full rescue of hippocampal BDNF loss and related signaling compared with 5xFAD mice and a significant and specific improvement in all the evaluated cognitive tasks. These improvements did not correlate with amelioration of β amyloid load or hippocampal adult neurogenesis rate but were accompanied by a dramatic recovery of structural and functional synaptic plasticity.
Collapse
|
29
|
Han KA, Um JW, Ko J. Intracellular protein complexes involved in synapse assembly in presynaptic neurons. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 116:347-373. [PMID: 31036296 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The presynaptic active zone, composed of evolutionarily conserved protein complexes, is a specialized area that serves to orchestrate precise and efficient neurotransmitter release by organizing various presynaptic proteins involved in mediating docking and priming of synaptic vesicles, recruiting voltage-gated calcium channels, and modulating presynaptic nerve terminals with aligned postsynaptic structures. Among membrane proteins localized to active zone, presynaptic neurexins and LAR-RPTPs (leukocyte common antigen-related receptor tyrosine phosphatase) have emerged as hubs that orchestrate both shared and distinct extracellular synaptic adhesion pathways. In this chapter, we discuss intracellular signaling cascades involved in recruiting various intracellular proteins at both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic sites. In particular, we highlight recent studies on key active zone proteins that physically and functionally link these cascades with neurexins and LAR-RPTPs in both vertebrate and invertebrate model systems. These studies allow us to build a general, universal view of how presynaptic active zones operate together with postsynaptic structures in neural circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Han
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Won Um
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Role of Actin Filament on Synaptic Vesicle Pooling in Cultured Hippocampal Neuron. Appl Microsc 2018. [DOI: 10.9729/am.2018.48.3.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
31
|
Zhu L, Jones C. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway stimulates herpes simplex virus 1 productive infection. Virus Res 2018; 256:29-37. [PMID: 30077727 PMCID: PMC6261341 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ability of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) to replicate efficiently in differentiated cells is regulated by cellular factors that stimulate viral gene expression, cell survival, and viral morphogenesis. Activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway generally increases β-catenin protein levels, cell survival, and growth in dividing cells suggesting this important signaling pathway regulates productive infection. In this study, we demonstrated that a β-catenin specific small molecule inhibitor (iCRT14) reduced HSV-1 titers approximately 10-fold in primary human lung fibroblasts and Vero cells. Furthermore, β-catenin dependent transcription was increased at late times after infection and as expected iCRT14 reduced β-catenin dependent transcription. Although HSV-1 infection increased β-catenin steady state protein levels approximately 4-fold in Vero cells, there was only a nominal increase in human lung fibroblasts. We hypothesized that VP16 regulates β-catenin dependent transcription because VP16 is a viral regulatory protein expressed at late times after infection. In the absence of other viral proteins, VP16 increased β-catenin dependent transcription and β-catenin steady state protein levels. Collectively, these studies suggested the cellular transcription factor β-catenin stimulates productive infection, in part because VP16 enhances β-catenin dependent transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Zhu
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States; Yangzhou University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jiangsu Co-innovation, Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Clinton Jones
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vilella A, Belletti D, Sauer AK, Hagmeyer S, Sarowar T, Masoni M, Stasiak N, Mulvihill JJE, Ruozi B, Forni F, Vandelli MA, Tosi G, Zoli M, Grabrucker AM. Reduced plaque size and inflammation in the APP23 mouse model for Alzheimer's disease after chronic application of polymeric nanoparticles for CNS targeted zinc delivery. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 49:210-221. [PMID: 29325805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A local dyshomeostasis of zinc ions in the vicinity of amyloid aggregates has been proposed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to the sequestration of zinc in senile plaques. While an increase in zinc levels may promote the aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ), increased brain zinc might also be beneficial rescuing some pathological alterations caused by local zinc deficiency. For example, increased Aβ degradation by metalloproteinases, and a reduction in inflammation can be hypothesized. In addition, zinc may allow a stabilization of the number of synapses in AD brains. Thus, to evaluate whether altering zinc-levels within the brain is a promising new target for the prevention and treatment of AD, we employed novel zinc loaded nanoparticles able to deliver zinc into the brain across the blood-brain barrier. We performed in vivo studies using wild type (WT) and APP23 mice to assess plaque load, inflammatory status and synapse loss. Furthermore, we performed behavioral analyses. After chronically injecting these nanoparticles for 14 days, our results show a significant reduction in plaque size and effects on the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-18. On behavioral level we could not detect negative effects of increased brain zinc levels in APP23 mice and treatment with g7-NP-Zn normalized the observed hyperlocomotion of APP23 mice. Therefore, we conclude that a targeted increase in brain zinc levels may have beneficial effects in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Vilella
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Belletti
- Department of Life Sciences Te.Far.T.I. Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Ann Katrin Sauer
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V95PH61 Limerick, Ireland
| | - Simone Hagmeyer
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tasnuva Sarowar
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martina Masoni
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Natalia Stasiak
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - John J E Mulvihill
- Bernal Institute & School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Department of Life Sciences Te.Far.T.I. Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Flavio Forni
- Department of Life Sciences Te.Far.T.I. Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Department of Life Sciences Te.Far.T.I. Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Department of Life Sciences Te.Far.T.I. Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andreas M Grabrucker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V95PH61 Limerick, Ireland; Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nookala AR, Schwartz DC, Chaudhari NS, Glazyrin A, Stephens EB, Berman NEJ, Kumar A. Methamphetamine augment HIV-1 Tat mediated memory deficits by altering the expression of synaptic proteins and neurotrophic factors. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 71:37-51. [PMID: 29729322 PMCID: PMC6003882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is common among individuals infected with HIV-1 and has been shown to affect HIV replication and pathogenesis. These HIV-1 infected individuals also exhibit greater neuronal injury and higher cognitive decline. HIV-1 proteins, specifically gp120 and HIV-1 Tat, have been earlier shown to affect neurocognition. HIV-1 Tat, a viral protein released early during HIV-1 replication, contributes to HIV-associated neurotoxicity through various mechanisms including production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and dysregulation of neuroplasticity. However, the combined effect of METH and HIV-1 Tat on neurocognition and its potential effect on neuroplasticity mechanisms remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the combined effect of METH and HIV-1 Tat on behavior and on the expression of neuroplasticity markers by utilizing Doxycycline (DOX)-inducible HIV-1 Tat (1-86) transgenic mice. Expression of Tat in various brain regions of these mice was confirmed by RT-PCR. The mice were administered with an escalating dose of METH (0.1 mg/kg to 6 mg/kg, i.p) over a 7-day period, followed by 6 mg/kg, i.p METH twice a day for four weeks. After three weeks of METH administration, Y maze and Morris water maze assays were performed to determine the effect of Tat and METH on working and spatial memory, respectively. Compared with controls, working memory was significantly decreased in Tat mice that were administered METH. Moreover, significant deficits in spatial memory were also observed in Tat-Tg mice that were administered METH. A significant reduction in the protein expressions of synapsin 1, synaptophysin, Arg3.1, PSD-95, and BDNF in different brain regions were also observed. Expression levels of Calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII), a marker of synaptodendritic integrity, were also significantly decreased in HIV-1 Tat mice that were treated with METH. Together, this data suggests that METH enhances HIV-1 Tat-induced memory deficits by reducing the expression of pre- and postsynaptic proteins and neuroplasticity markers, thus providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms behind neurocognitive impairments in HIV-infected amphetamine users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anantha Ram Nookala
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Daniel C. Schwartz
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Nitish S. Chaudhari
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Alexy Glazyrin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Edward B. Stephens
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Nancy E. J. Berman
- Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang X, Li M, Zhu H, Yu Y, Xu Y, Zhang W, Bian C. Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Fear Memory Reconsolidation. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:127-140. [PMID: 29796837 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Memory reconsolidation has been demonstrated to offer a potential target period during which the fear memories underlying fear disorders can be disrupted. Reconsolidation is a labile stage that consolidated memories re-enter after memories are reactivated. Reactivated memories, induced by cues related to traumatic events, are susceptible to strengthening and weakening. Gene transcription regulation and protein synthesis have been suggested to be required for fear memory reconsolidation. Investigating the transcriptional regulation mechanisms underlying reconsolidation may provide a therapeutic method for the treatment of fear disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the therapeutic effect of treating a fear disorder through interfering with reconsolidation is still contradictory. In this review, we summarize several transcription factors that have been linked to fear memory reconsolidation and propose that transcription factors, as well as related signaling pathways can serve as targets for fear memory interventions. Then, we discuss the application of pharmacological and behavioral interventions during reconsolidation that may or not efficiently treat fear disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Forth Battalion of Cadet Brigade, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Medical Company, Troops 95848 of People's Liberation Army, Xiaogan, 432100, China
| | - Yongju Yu
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wenmo Zhang
- Department of Fundamental, Army Logistical University of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Chen Bian
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Workman A, Zhu L, Keel BN, Smith TPL, Jones C. The Wnt Signaling Pathway Is Differentially Expressed during the Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Latency-Reactivation Cycle: Evidence That Two Protein Kinases Associated with Neuronal Survival, Akt3 and BMPR2, Are Expressed at Higher Levels during Latency. J Virol 2018; 92:e01937-17. [PMID: 29321317 PMCID: PMC5972910 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01937-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory neurons in trigeminal ganglia (TG) of calves latently infected with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) abundantly express latency-related (LR) gene products, including a protein (ORF2) and two micro-RNAs. Recent studies in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A) demonstrated ORF2 interacts with β-catenin and a β-catenin coactivator, high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) protein, which correlates with increased β-catenin-dependent transcription and cell survival. β-Catenin and HMGA1 are readily detected in a subset of latently infected TG neurons but not TG neurons from uninfected calves or reactivation from latency. Consequently, we hypothesized that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is differentially expressed during the latency and reactivation cycle and an active Wnt pathway promotes latency. RNA-sequencing studies revealed that 102 genes associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were differentially expressed in TG during the latency-reactivation cycle in calves. Wnt agonists were generally expressed at higher levels during latency, but these levels decreased during dexamethasone-induced reactivation. The Wnt agonist bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) was intriguing because it encodes a serine/threonine receptor kinase that promotes neuronal differentiation and inhibits cell death. Another differentially expressed gene encodes a protein kinase (Akt3), which is significant because Akt activity enhances cell survival and is linked to herpes simplex virus 1 latency and neuronal survival. Additional studies demonstrated ORF2 increased Akt3 steady-state protein levels and interacted with Akt3 in transfected Neuro-2A cells, which correlated with Akt3 activation. Conversely, expression of Wnt antagonists increased during reactivation from latency. Collectively, these studies suggest Wnt signaling cooperates with LR gene products, in particular ORF2, to promote latency.IMPORTANCE Lifelong BoHV-1 latency primarily occurs in sensory neurons. The synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone consistently induces reactivation from latency in calves. RNA sequencing studies revealed 102 genes associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway are differentially regulated during the latency-reactivation cycle. Two protein kinases associated with the Wnt pathway, Akt3 and BMPR2, were expressed at higher levels during latency but were repressed during reactivation. Furthermore, five genes encoding soluble Wnt antagonists and β-catenin-dependent transcription inhibitors were induced during reactivation from latency. These findings are important because Wnt, BMPR2, and Akt3 promote neurogenesis and cell survival, processes crucial for lifelong viral latency. In transfected neuroblastoma cells, a viral protein expressed during latency (ORF2) interacts with and enhances Akt3 protein kinase activity. These findings provide insight into how cellular factors associated with the Wnt signaling pathway cooperate with LR gene products to regulate the BoHV-1 latency-reactivation cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aspen Workman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Liqian Zhu
- Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Brittney N Keel
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Timothy P L Smith
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Clinton Jones
- Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20170989. [PMID: 29459424 PMCID: PMC5861323 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In healthy individuals, any rise in blood glucose levels is rapidly countered by the release of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreas which in turn promotes the uptake and storage of the glucose in peripheral tissues. The β-cells possess exquisite mechanisms regulating the secretion of insulin to ensure that the correct amount of insulin is released. These mechanisms involve tight control of the movement of insulin containing secretory vesicles within the β-cells, initially preventing most vesicles being able to move to the plasma membrane. Elevated glucose levels trigger an influx of Ca2+ that allows fusion of the small number of insulin containing vesicles that are pre-docked at the plasma membrane but glucose also stimulates processes that allow other insulin containing vesicles located further in the cell to move to and fuse with the plasma membrane. The mechanisms controlling these processes are complex and not fully understood but it is clear that the interaction of the β-cells with other β-cells in the islets is very important for their ability to develop the appropriate machinery for proper regulation of insulin secretion. Emerging evidence indicates one factor that is key for this is the formation of homotypic cadherin mediated adherens junctions between β-cells. Here, we review the evidence for this and discuss the mechanisms by which these adherens junctions might regulate insulin vesicle trafficking as well as the implications this has for understanding the dysregulation of insulin secretion seen in pathogenic states.
Collapse
|
37
|
Currò M, Russo T, Ferlazzo N, Caccamo D, Antonuccio P, Arena S, Parisi S, Perrone P, Ientile R, Romeo C, Impellizzeri P. Anti-Inflammatory and Tissue Regenerative Effects of Topical Treatment with Ozonated Olive Oil/Vitamin E Acetate in Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans. Molecules 2018; 23:E645. [PMID: 29534008 PMCID: PMC6017296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, considered the male genital variant of lichen sclerosus. Anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used in BXO. We evaluated the effects of an innovative formulation of ozonated olive oil with vitamin E acetate (OZOILE®) on the inflammatory status and tissue remodeling in male children with BXO. The mRNA transcripts of proteins involved either in inflammation or in dynamics of tissue regeneration were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, in foreskins affected by BXO removed from patients untreated or treated with OZOILE® cream for 7 days before circumcision. We found a significant reduction in mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, INF-γ, transglutaminase 2 and NOS2 in foreskins treated with OZOILE® in comparison to untreated ones (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in NF-κB activation in the specimens obtained from treated and untreated patients. Hence, OZOILE® treatment up-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and E-cadherin gene expression (p < 0.001). The treatment with OZOILE® showed effective results in children affected by BXO by reducing the inflammatory process and stimulating mechanisms for tissue regeneration of the foreskin. A randomized clinical trial on a large number of children affected by BXO might be useful to verify the efficacy of topical treatment with OZOILE®.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Currò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Russo
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Nadia Ferlazzo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Arena
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Saveria Parisi
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Perrone
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Ientile
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Carmelo Romeo
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| | - Pietro Impellizzeri
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98123 Messina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Winick-Ng W, Rylett RJ. Into the Fourth Dimension: Dysregulation of Genome Architecture in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29541020 PMCID: PMC5835833 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by synapse dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Understanding the development and progression of AD is challenging, as the disease is highly complex and multifactorial. Both environmental and genetic factors play a role in AD pathogenesis, highlighted by observations of complex DNA modifications at the single gene level, and by new evidence that also implicates changes in genome architecture in AD patients. The four-dimensional structure of chromatin in space and time is essential for context-dependent regulation of gene expression in post-mitotic neurons. Dysregulation of epigenetic processes have been observed in the aging brain and in patients with AD, though there is not yet agreement on the impact of these changes on transcription. New evidence shows that proteins involved in genome organization have altered expression and localization in the AD brain, suggesting that the genomic landscape may play a critical role in the development of AD. This review discusses the role of the chromatin organizers and epigenetic modifiers in post-mitotic cells, the aging brain, and in the development and progression of AD. How these new insights can be used to help determine disease risk and inform treatment strategies will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warren Winick-Ng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - R Jane Rylett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ma D, Wang N, Fan X, Zhang L, Luo Y, Huang R, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhao G, Li L. Protective Effects of Cornel Iridoid Glycoside in Rats After Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:959-971. [PMID: 29492766 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG) is the active ingredient extracted from Cornus officinalis. Our previous studies showed that CIG had protective effects on several brain injury models. In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects and elucidate the mechanisms of CIG against traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI was induced in the right cerebral cortex of male adult rats. The neurological and cognitive functions were evaluated by modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and object recognition test (ORT), respectively. The level of serum S100β was measured by an ELISA method. Nissl staining was used to estimate the neuron survival in the brain. The expression of proteins was determined by western blot and/or immunohistochemical staining. We found that intragastric administration of CIG in TBI rats ameliorated the neurological defects and cognitive impairment, and alleviated the neuronal loss in the injured brain. In the acute stage of TBI (24-72 h), CIG decreased the level of S100β in the serum and brain, increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and decreased the expression of caspase-3 in the injured cortex. Moreover, the treatment with CIG for 30 days increased the levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), enhanced the expression of synapsin I, synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), and inhibited the apoptosis-regulating factors in the chronic stage of TBI. The present study demonstrated that CIG had neuroprotective effects against TBI through inhibiting apoptosis in the acute stage and promoting neurorestoration in the chronic stage. The results suggest that CIG may be beneficial to TBI therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denglei Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xiaotong Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Guoguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Akins MR, Berk-Rauch HE, Kwan KY, Mitchell ME, Shepard KA, Korsak LIT, Stackpole EE, Warner-Schmidt JL, Sestan N, Cameron HA, Fallon JR. Axonal ribosomes and mRNAs associate with fragile X granules in adult rodent and human brains. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:192-209. [PMID: 28082376 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Local mRNA translation in growing axons allows for rapid and precise regulation of protein expression in response to extrinsic stimuli. However, the role of local translation in mature CNS axons is unknown. Such a mechanism requires the presence of translational machinery and associated mRNAs in circuit-integrated brain axons. Here we use a combination of genetic, quantitative imaging and super-resolution microscopy approaches to show that mature axons in the mammalian brain contain ribosomes, the translational regulator FMRP and a subset of FMRP mRNA targets. This axonal translational machinery is associated with Fragile X granules (FXGs), which are restricted to axons in a stereotyped subset of brain circuits. FXGs and associated axonal translational machinery are present in hippocampus in humans as old as 57 years. This FXG-associated axonal translational machinery is present in adult rats, even when adult neurogenesis is blocked. In contrast, in mouse this machinery is only observed in juvenile hippocampal axons. This differential developmental expression was specific to the hippocampus, as both mice and rats exhibit FXGs in mature axons in the adult olfactory system. Experiments in Fmr1 null mice show that FMRP regulates axonal protein expression but is not required for axonal transport of ribosomes or its target mRNAs. Axonal translational machinery is thus a feature of adult CNS neurons. Regulation of this machinery by FMRP could support complex behaviours in humans throughout life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Akins
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Kenneth Y Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Lulu I T Korsak
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Nenad Sestan
- Department of Neuroscience and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Heather A Cameron
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin R Fallon
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chyung E, LeBlanc HF, Fallon JR, Akins MR. Fragile X granules are a family of axonal ribonucleoprotein particles with circuit-dependent protein composition and mRNA cargos. J Comp Neurol 2017; 526:96-108. [PMID: 28884477 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Local axonal protein synthesis plays a crucial role in the formation and function of neuronal circuits. Understanding the role of this mechanism in specific circuits requires identifying the protein composition and mRNA cargos of the ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) that form the substrate for axonal translation. FXGs (Fragile X granules) are axonal RNPs present in a stereotyped subset of mature axons in the intact brain that contain one or more of the Fragile X related (FXR) proteins (FMRP, FXR2P, and FXR1P) along with mRNA and ribosomes. Here we performed a systematic survey of the FXR protein composition and mRNA association of FXGs in the brain. We have identified four FXG types that can be categorized based on their FXR protein complement. All FXGs contain FXR2P, with FMRP and/or FXR1P present in circuit-selective subsets. Individual neuronal cell types predominantly express a single FXG type, with FMRP-containing FXGs the most prevalent in forebrain neurons. All FXG types associate with ribosomes and mRNA, but the specific mRNA cargos are a function of FXG type, brain region and neuron class. Transcripts for β-catenin and its regulator APC associate with a subset of forebrain FXGs. Moreover, both these transcripts can colocalize within individual FXGs, suggesting that the axonal translation of functionally related proteins may be coordinately regulated with high spatiotemporal resolution. Cell type-dependent expression of specific RNP types with distinct mRNA cargos, such as FXGs, presents a potential mechanism for regulating local translation and its output in a circuit-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Chyung
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912
| | - Hannah F LeBlanc
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912
| | - Justin R Fallon
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912
| | - Michael R Akins
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104.,Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kumar A, Pareek V, Faiq MA, Kumar P, Raza K, Prasoon P, Dantham S, Mochan S. Regulatory role of NGFs in neurocognitive functions. Rev Neurosci 2017; 28:649-673. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNerve growth factors (NGFs), especially the prototype NGF and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have a diverse array of functions in the central nervous system through their peculiar set of receptors and intricate signaling. They are implicated not only in the development of the nervous system but also in regulation of neurocognitive functions like learning, memory, synaptic transmission, and plasticity. Evidence even suggests their role in continued neurogenesis and experience-dependent neural network remodeling in adult brain. They have also been associated extensively with brain disorders characterized by neurocognitive dysfunction. In the present article, we aimed to make an exhaustive review of literature to get a comprehensive view on the role of NGFs in neurocognitive functions in health and disease. Starting with historical perspective, distribution in adult brain, implied molecular mechanisms, and developmental basis, this article further provides a detailed account of NGFs’ role in specified neurocognitive functions. Furthermore, it discusses plausible NGF-based homeostatic and adaptation mechanisms operating in the pathogenesis of neurocognitive disorders and has presents a survey of such disorders. Finally, it elaborates on current evidence and future possibilities in therapeutic applications of NGFs with an emphasis on recent research updates in drug delivery mechanisms. Conclusive remarks of the article make a strong case for plausible role of NGFs in comprehensive regulation of the neurocognitive functions and pathogenesis of related disorders and advocate that future research should be directed to explore use of NGF-based mechanisms in the prevention of implicated diseases as well as to target these molecules pharmacologically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
- Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal, Puducherry 609602, India
| | - Vikas Pareek
- Computational Neuroscience and Neuroimaging Division, National Brain Research Centre (NBRC), Manesar, Haryana 122051, India
| | - Muneeb A. Faiq
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Khursheed Raza
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pranav Prasoon
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Subrahamanyam Dantham
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sankat Mochan
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Poquérusse J, Luikart BW. A Neurodevelopmental Perspective for Autism-Associated Gene Function. OBM NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 1:004. [PMID: 35445171 PMCID: PMC9017685 DOI: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1702004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale genetic sequencing studies have identified a wealth of genes in which mutations are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the biological function of these genes sheds light onto the neurodevelopmental basis of ASD. To this end, we defined functional categories representing brain development - (1) Cell Division and Survival, (2) Cell Migration and Differentiation, (3) Neuronal Morphological Elaboration, (4) Development and Regulation of Cellular Excitability, and (5) Synapse Formation and Function - and place 100 high confidence ASD-associated genes yielding at least 50 published PubMed articles into these categories based on keyword searches. We compare the categorization of ASD genes to genes associated with developmental delay (DD) and systematically review the published literature on the function of these genes. We find evidence that ASD-associated genes have important functions that span the neurodevelopmental continuum. Further, examining the temporal expression pattern of these genes using the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain supports their function across development. Thus, our analyses and review of literature on ASD gene function support a model whereby differences in brain development - from very early stages of macroarchitectural patterning to late stages of activity-dependent sculpting of synaptic connectivity - may lead to ASD. It will be important to keep investigating potential points of mechanistic convergence which could explain a common pathophysiological basis of ASD behind this disparate array of genes.
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhao H, Alam A, San CY, Eguchi S, Chen Q, Lian Q, Ma D. Molecular mechanisms of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in neuro-protection: Recent developments. Brain Res 2017; 1665:1-21. [PMID: 28396009 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal cell injury, as a consequence of acute or chronic neurological trauma, is a significant cause of mortality around the world. On a molecular level, the condition is characterized by widespread cell death and poor regeneration, which can result in severe morbidity in survivors. Potential therapeutics are of major interest, with a promising candidate being brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a ubiquitous agent in the brain which has been associated with neural development and may facilitate protective and regenerative effects following injury. This review summarizes the available information on the potential benefits of BDNF and the molecular mechanisms involved in several pathological conditions, including hypoxic brain injury, stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It further explores the methods in which BDNF can be applied in clinical and therapeutic settings, and the potential challenges to overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhao
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Azeem Alam
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Chun-Yin San
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Shiori Eguchi
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Qian Chen
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK; Department of Anaesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingquan Lian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xiao L, Chang SY, Xiong ZG, Selveraj P, Peng Loh Y. Absence of Carboxypeptidase E/Neurotrophic Factor-Α1 in Knock-Out Mice Leads to Dysfunction of BDNF-TRKB Signaling in Hippocampus. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 62:79-87. [PMID: 28386642 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), first discovered as a prohormone processing enzyme, has also now been shown to be a secreted neurotrophic factor (neurotrophic factor-α1, NF-α1) that acts extracellularly as a signaling molecule to mediate neuroprotection, cortical stem cell differentiation, and antidepressive-like behavior in mice. Since brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has very similar trophic functions, and its processing from pro-BDNF involves intracellular sorting of pro-BDNF to the regulated secretory pathway by CPE acting as a sorting receptor, we investigated whether the lack of CPE/NF-α1 would affect BDNF-TrkB signaling in mice. Previous studies have shown that CPE/NF-α1 knock-out (KO) mice exhibited severe neurodegeneration of the hippocampal CA3 region which raises the question of why other neurotrophic factors such as BDNF could not compensate for the deficiency of CPE. Here, we show that the expressions of pro-BDNF mRNA and protein in hippocampus of CPE-KO mice were similar to WT mice, but mature BDNF was ∼40% less in the CPE-KO mice, suggesting decreased intracellular processing of pro-BDNF. Furthermore, TrkB receptor levels were similar in both genotypes, but there was significantly decreased phosphorylation of TrkB receptor in the CPE-KO mice. Electrophysiological studies showed lack of formation of long-term potentiation in hippocampal slices of CPE-KO mice compared to WT mice, which was not rescued by application of BDNF, indicating dysfunction of the BDNF-TrkB signaling system. The CPE-KO mice showed normal postsynaptic AMPA response to kainate application in hippocampal slices and dissociated neurons. Our findings indicate that CPE/NF-α1 is essential for normal BDNF-TrkB signaling function in mouse hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiao
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 49, Convent Drive, Bldg 49, Rm 6A-10, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Su-Youne Chang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Zhi-Gang Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Prabhuanand Selveraj
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 49, Convent Drive, Bldg 49, Rm 6A-10, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Y Peng Loh
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 49, Convent Drive, Bldg 49, Rm 6A-10, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Spermidine improves the persistence of reconsolidated fear memory and neural differentiation in vitro: Involvement of BDNF. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 140:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
47
|
Chen YT, Tai CY. μ2-Dependent endocytosis of N-cadherin is regulated by β-catenin to facilitate neurite outgrowth. Traffic 2017; 18:287-303. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-ting Chen
- Taiwan International Graduate Program, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program; Academia Sinica; Taiwan Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology; Academia Sinica; Taiwan Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center; Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chin-Yin Tai
- Taiwan International Graduate Program, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program; Academia Sinica; Taiwan Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology; Academia Sinica; Taiwan Republic of China
- Development Center for Biotechnology; Institute of Pharmaceutics; Taiwan Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Potential Role for a β-Catenin Coactivator (High-Mobility Group AT-Hook 1 Protein) during the Latency-Reactivation Cycle of Bovine Herpesvirus 1. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02132-16. [PMID: 28003484 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02132-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The latency-related (LR) RNA encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is abundantly expressed in latently infected sensory neurons. Although the LR gene encodes several products, ORF2 appears to mediate important steps during the latency-reactivation cycle because a mutant virus containing stop codons at the amino terminus of ORF2 does not reactivate from latency in calves. We recently found that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is regulated during the BoHV-1 latency-reactivation cycle (Y. Liu, M. Hancock, A. Workman, A. Doster, and C. Jones, J Virol 90:3148-3159, 2016). In the present study, a β-catenin coactivator, high-mobility group AT-hook 1 protein (HMGA1), was detected in significantly more neurons in the trigeminal ganglia of latently infected calves than in those of uninfected calves. Consequently, we hypothesized that HMGA1 cooperates with ORF2 and β-catenin to maintain latency. In support of this hypothesis, coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that ORF2 stably interacts with a complex containing β-catenin and/or HMGA1 in transfected mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2A) cells. Confocal microscopy provided evidence that ORF2 was relocalized by HMGA1 and β-catenin in Neuro-2A cells. ORF2 consistently enhanced the ability of HMGA1 to stimulate β-catenin-dependent transcription, suggesting that interactions between ORF2 and a complex containing β-catenin and HMGA1 have functional significance. An ORF2 stop codon mutant, an ORF2 nuclear localization mutant, or a mutant lacking the 5 protein kinase A or C phosphorylation sites interfered with its ability to stimulate β-catenin-dependent transcription. Since the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes neurogenesis (synapse formation and remodeling) and inhibits neurodegeneration, interactions between ORF2, HMGA1, and β-catenin may be important for certain aspects of the latency-reactivation cycle.IMPORTANCE The lifelong latency of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) requires that significant numbers of infected sensory neurons survive infection and maintain normal functions. Consequently, we hypothesize that viral products expressed during latency cooperate with neuronal factors to maintain latency. Our studies revealed that a β-catenin coactivator, high-mobility group AT-hook 1 protein (HMGA1), was readily detected in a subset of trigeminal ganglion neurons in latently infected calves but not in uninfected calves. A viral protein (ORF2) expressed in latently infected neurons interacted with β-catenin and HMGA1 in transfected cells, which resulted in the nuclear localization of β-catenin. This interaction correlated with the ability of ORF2 to stimulate the coactivator functions of HMGA1. These findings are significant because the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes neurogenesis and inhibits neurodegeneration.
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhu L, Thunuguntla P, Liu Y, Hancock M, Jones C. The β-catenin signaling pathway stimulates bovine herpesvirus 1 productive infection. Virology 2017; 500:91-95. [PMID: 27788397 PMCID: PMC6248879 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpes virus 1 (BoHV-1), an important bovine pathogen, causes conjunctivitis and disorders in the upper respiratory tract. Following acute infection, BoHV1 establishes life-long latency in sensory neurons. Recent studies demonstrated that viral gene products expressed in trigeminal ganglionic neurons during latency stabilize β-catenin levels, an important signaling molecule that interacts with a family of DNA binding proteins (T-cell factors) and subsequently stimulates transcription. In this study, we provide new evidence demonstrating that BoHV-1 transiently increased β-catenin protein levels in bovine kidney (CRIB) cells, but not in rabbit skin cells. β-catenin dependent transcription was also stimulated by infection of CRIB cells. The β-catenin small molecule inhibitor (iCRT14) significantly reduced the levels of BoHV-1 virus during productive infection of CRIB cells and rabbit skin cells. In summary, these studies suggested the ability of β-catenin to stimulate cell survival and cell cycle regulatory factors enhances productive infection in non-neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Zhu
- Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; Yangzhou University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Prasanth Thunuguntla
- Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Yilin Liu
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Nebraska Center for Virology Morisson Life Science Center Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA
| | - Morgan Hancock
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Nebraska Center for Virology Morisson Life Science Center Lincoln, NE 68583-0900, USA
| | - Clinton Jones
- Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
β-Asarone Rescues Pb-Induced Impairments of Spatial Memory and Synaptogenesis in Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167401. [PMID: 27936013 PMCID: PMC5147873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lead (Pb) exposure causes cognitive deficits. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of β-asarone, an active component from Chinese Herbs Acorus tatarinowii Schott, to alleviate impairments of spatial memory and synaptogenesis in Pb-exposed rats. Both Sprague-Dawley developmental rat pups and adult rats were used in the study. Developmental rat pups were exposed to Pb throughout the lactation period and β-asarone (10, 40mg kg-1, respectively) was given intraperitoneally from postnatal day 14 to 21. Also, the adult rats were exposed to Pb from embryo stage to 11 weeks old and β-asarone (2.5, 10, 40mg kg-1, respectively) was given from 9 to 11 weeks old. The level of β-asarone in brain tissue was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The Morris water maze test and Golgi-Cox staining method were used to assess spatial memory ability and synaptogenesis. The protein expression of NR2B subunit of NMDA receptor, Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) and Wnt family member 7A (Wnt7a) in hippocampus, as well as mRNA expression of Arc/Arg3.1 and Wnt7a, was also explored. We found that β-asarone could pass through the blood brain barrier quickly. And β-asarone effectively attenuated Pb-induced reduction of spine density in hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus areas in a dose-dependent manner both in developmental and adult rats, meanwhile the Pb-induced impairments of learning and memory were partially rescued. In addition, β-asarone effectively up-regulated the protein expression of NR2B, Arc and Wnt7a, as well as the mRNA levels of Arc/Arg3.1 and Wnt7a, which had been suppressed by Pb exposure. The results suggest the neuroprotective properties of β-asarone against Pb-induced memory impairments, and the effect is possibly through the regulation of synaptogenesis, which is mediated via Arc/Arg3.1 and Wnt pathway.
Collapse
|