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Bahman F, Choudhry K, Al-Rashed F, Al-Mulla F, Sindhu S, Ahmad R. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: current perspectives on key signaling partners and immunoregulatory role in inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421346. [PMID: 39211042 PMCID: PMC11358079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a versatile environmental sensor and transcription factor found throughout the body, responding to a wide range of small molecules originating from the environment, our diets, host microbiomes, and internal metabolic processes. Increasing evidence highlights AhR's role as a critical regulator of numerous biological functions, such as cellular differentiation, immune response, metabolism, and even tumor formation. Typically located in the cytoplasm, AhR moves to the nucleus upon activation by an agonist where it partners with either the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) or hypoxia-inducible factor 1β (HIF-1β). This complex then interacts with xenobiotic response elements (XREs) to control the expression of key genes. AhR is notably present in various crucial immune cells, and recent research underscores its significant impact on both innate and adaptive immunity. This review delves into the latest insights on AhR's structure, activating ligands, and its multifaceted roles. We explore the sophisticated molecular pathways through which AhR influences immune and lymphoid cells, emphasizing its emerging importance in managing inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the exciting potential of developing targeted therapies that modulate AhR activity, opening new avenues for medical intervention in immune-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah Bahman
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Khubaib Choudhry
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Translational Research, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Animal & Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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2
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Houser CL, Fenner KN, Lawrence BP. Timing influences the impact of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation on the humoral immune response to respiratory viral infection. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 489:117010. [PMID: 38901696 PMCID: PMC11240840 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Humoral responses to respiratory viruses, such as influenza viruses, develop over time and are central to protection from repeated infection with the same or similar viruses. Epidemiological and experimental studies have linked exposures to environmental contaminants that bind the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) with modulated antibody responses to pathogenic microorganisms and common vaccinations. Other studies have prompted investigation into the potential therapeutic applications of compounds that activate AHR. Herein, using two different AHR ligands [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2-(1H-Indol-3-ylcarbonyl)-4-thiazolecarboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE), to modulate the duration of AHR activity, we show that the humoral response to viral infection is dependent upon the duration and timing of AHR signaling, and that different cellular elements of the response have different sensitivities. When AHR activation was initiated prior to infection with influenza A virus, there was suppression of all measured elements of the humoral response (i.e., the frequency of T follicular helper cells, germinal center B cells, plasma cells, and circulating virus-specific antibody). However, when the timing of AHR activation was adjusted to either early (days -1 to +5 relative to infection) or later (days +5 onwards), then AHR activation affected different aspects of the overall humoral response. These findings highlight the importance of considering the timing of AHR activation in relation to triggering an immune response, particularly when targeting the AHR to manipulate disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Houser
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY14642, USA
| | - Kristina N Fenner
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester NY14642, USA
| | - B Paige Lawrence
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY14642, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester NY14642, USA.
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3
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Liu J, Zhang K, Zhang X, Guan F, Zeng H, Kubo M, Lee P, Candotti F, James LK, Camara NOS, Benlagha K, Lei J, Forsman H, Yang L, Xiao W, Liu Z, Liu C. Immunoglobulin class-switch recombination: Mechanism, regulation, and related diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e662. [PMID: 39144468 PMCID: PMC11322596 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Maturation of the secondary antibody repertoire requires class-switch recombination (CSR), which switches IgM to other immunoglobulins (Igs), and somatic hypermutation, which promotes the production of high-affinity antibodies. Following immune response or infection within the body, activation of T cell-dependent and T cell-independent antigens triggers the activation of activation-induced cytidine deaminase, initiating the CSR process. CSR has the capacity to modify the functional properties of antibodies, thereby contributing to the adaptive immune response in the organism. Ig CSR defects, characterized by an abnormal relative frequency of Ig isotypes, represent a rare form of primary immunodeficiency. Elucidating the molecular basis of Ig diversification is essential for a better understanding of diseases related to Ig CSR defects and could provide clues for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. Here, we review the most recent insights on the diversification of five Ig isotypes and choose several classic diseases, including hyper-IgM syndrome, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, hyper-IgD syndrome, selective IgA deficiency, hyper-IgE syndrome, multiple myeloma, and Burkitt lymphoma, to illustrate the mechanism of Ig CSR deficiency. The investigation into the underlying mechanism of Ig CSR holds significant potential for the advancement of increasingly precise diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Chen Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of RespiratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hu Zeng
- Department of ImmunologyMayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochesterUSA
| | - Masato Kubo
- Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), RIKEN Yokohama InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Pamela Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent MedicineLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Fabio Candotti
- Division of Immunology and AllergyLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Kamel Benlagha
- Institut de Recherche Saint‐LouisUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Jia‐Hui Lei
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of RespiratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HuazhongUniversity of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chao‐Hong Liu
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
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Silverberg JI, Boguniewicz M, Quintana FJ, Clark RA, Gross L, Hirano I, Tallman AM, Brown PM, Fredericks D, Rubenstein DS, McHale KA. Tapinarof validates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a therapeutic target: A clinical review. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:1-10. [PMID: 38154665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that has wide-ranging roles, including regulation of inflammation and homeostasis. AhR is not a cell surface receptor; rather, it exists in a cytoplasmic complex that responds to a wide variety of structurally dissimilar endogenous, microbial, and environmental ligands. The ubiquitous expression of AhR, its ability to be activated by a wide range of ligands, and its capacity to act as a master regulator for gene expression and homeostasis make it a promising new therapeutic target. Clinical trials of tapinarof cream have now validated AhR agonism as a therapeutic approach that can deliver significant efficacy for treating inflammatory skin diseases, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Tapinarof 1% cream is a first-in-class, nonsteroidal, topical, AhR agonist with a pharmacokinetic profile that results in localized exposure at sites of disease, avoiding systemic safety concerns, drug interactions, or off-target effects. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis both involve epidermal inflammation, cellular immune responses, dysregulation of skin barrier protein expression, and oxidative stress. On the basis of the clinical effectiveness of tapinarof cream for treating inflammatory skin diseases, we review how targeting AhR may offer a significant opportunity in other conditions that share key aspects of pathogenesis, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, ophthalmic, and nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Boguniewicz
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colo
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Lara Gross
- Dallas Allergy and Asthma Center, and the Allergy and Immunology Division, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Ikuo Hirano
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
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Farhan M, Rizvi A, Aatif M, Muteeb G, Khan K, Siddiqui FA. Dietary Polyphenols, Plant Metabolites, and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:670. [PMID: 38931338 PMCID: PMC11207098 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the ongoing rise in the occurrence of allergic disorders, alterations in dietary patterns have been proposed as a possible factor contributing to the emergence and progression of these conditions. Currently, there is a significant focus on the development of dietary therapies that utilize natural compounds possessing anti-allergy properties. Dietary polyphenols and plant metabolites have been intensively researched due to their well-documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory characteristics, making them one of the most prominent natural bioactive chemicals. This study seeks to discuss the in-depth mechanisms by which these molecules may exert anti-allergic effects, namely through their capacity to diminish the allergenicity of proteins, modulate immune responses, and modify the composition of the gut microbiota. However, further investigation is required to fully understand these effects. This paper examines the existing evidence from experimental and clinical studies that supports the idea that different polyphenols, such as catechins, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, and others, can reduce allergic inflammation, relieve symptoms of food allergy, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, and prevent the progression of the allergic immune response. In summary, dietary polyphenols and plant metabolites possess significant anti-allergic properties and can be utilized for developing both preventative and therapeutic strategies for targeting allergic conditions. The paper also discusses the constraints in investigating and broad usage of polyphenols, as well as potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Mohammad Aatif
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kimy Khan
- Department of Dermatology, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Dhahran Road, Al Mubarraz 36342, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Farhan Asif Siddiqui
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahad Hospital, Prince Salman Street, Hofuf 36441, Saudi Arabia;
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6
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Chen Z, Guan D, Wang Z, Li X, Dong S, Huang J, Zhou W. Microbiota in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e417. [PMID: 37937304 PMCID: PMC10626288 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse bacterial populations within the symbiotic microbiota play a pivotal role in both health and disease. Microbiota modulates critical aspects of tumor biology including cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This regulation occurs through mechanisms like enhancing genomic damage, hindering gene repair, activating aberrant cell signaling pathways, influencing tumor cell metabolism, promoting revascularization, and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment. These microbiota-mediated effects significantly impact overall survival and the recurrence of tumors after surgery by affecting the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. Moreover, leveraging the microbiota for the development of biovectors, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, in addition to utilizing antibiotics, dietary adjustments, defensins, oncolytic virotherapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation, offers promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, due to the extensive and diverse nature of the microbiota, along with tumor heterogeneity, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of microbiota in cancer remain a subject of intense debate. In this context, we refocus on various cancers, delving into the molecular signaling pathways associated with the microbiota and its derivatives, the reshaping of the tumor microenvironmental matrix, and the impact on tolerance to tumor treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This exploration aims to shed light on novel perspectives and potential applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Defeng Guan
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shi Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Junjun Huang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
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7
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Zhang P. The Role of Diet and Nutrition in Allergic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:3683. [PMID: 37686715 PMCID: PMC10490368 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a set of chronic inflammatory disorders of lung, skin, and nose epithelium characterized by aberrant IgE and Th2 cytokine-mediated immune responses to exposed allergens. The prevalence of allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, has increased dramatically worldwide in the past several decades. Evidence suggests that diet and nutrition play a key role in the development and severity of allergic diseases. Dietary components can differentially regulate allergic inflammation pathways through host and gut microbiota-derived metabolites, therefore influencing allergy outcomes in positive or negative ways. A broad range of nutrients and dietary components (vitamins A, D, and E, minerals Zn, Iron, and Se, dietary fiber, fatty acids, and phytochemicals) are found to be effective in the prevention or treatment of allergic diseases through the suppression of type 2 inflammation. This paper aims to review recent advances in the role of diet and nutrition in the etiology of allergies, nutritional regulation of allergic inflammation, and clinical findings about nutrient supplementation in treating allergic diseases. The current literature suggests the potential efficacy of plant-based diets in reducing allergic symptoms. Further clinical trials are warranted to examine the potential beneficial effects of plant-based diets and anti-allergic nutrients in the prevention and management of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 6663030, China
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Wang X, Campbell MR, Cho HY, Pittman GS, Martos SN, Bell DA. Epigenomic profiling of isolated blood cell types reveals highly specific B cell smoking signatures and links to disease risk. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:90. [PMID: 37231515 PMCID: PMC10211291 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking alters the DNA methylation profiles of immune cells which may underpin some of the pathogenesis of smoking-associated diseases. To link smoking-driven epigenetic effects in specific immune cell types with disease risk, we isolated six leukocyte subtypes, CD14+ monocytes, CD15+ granulocytes, CD19+ B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD56+ natural killer cells, from whole blood of 67 healthy adult smokers and 74 nonsmokers for epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) using Illumina 450k and EPIC methylation arrays. RESULTS Numbers of smoking-associated differentially methylated sites (smCpGs) at genome-wide significance (p < 1.2 × 10-7) varied widely across cell types, from 5 smCpGs in CD8+ T cells to 111 smCpGs in CD19+ B cells. We found unique smoking effects in each cell type, some of which were not apparent in whole blood. Methylation-based deconvolution to estimate B cell subtypes revealed that smokers had 7.2% (p = 0.033) less naïve B cells. Adjusting for naïve and memory B cell proportions in EWAS and RNA-seq allowed the identification of genes enriched for B cell activation-related cytokine signaling pathways, Th1/Th2 responses, and hematopoietic cancers. Integrating with large-scale public datasets, 62 smCpGs were among CpGs associated with health-relevant EWASs. Furthermore, 74 smCpGs had reproducible methylation quantitative trait loci single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were in complete linkage disequilibrium with genome-wide association study SNPs, associating with lung function, disease risks, and other traits. CONCLUSIONS We observed blood cell-type-specific smCpGs, a naïve-to-memory shift among B cells, and by integrating genome-wide datasets, we identified their potential links to disease risks and health traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuting Wang
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Michelle R Campbell
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Hye-Youn Cho
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Gary S Pittman
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Suzanne N Martos
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Douglas A Bell
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
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Huang W, Rui K, Wang X, Peng N, Zhou W, Shi X, Lu L, Hu D, Tian J. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in immune regulation and autoimmune pathogenesis. J Autoimmun 2023; 138:103049. [PMID: 37229809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As a ligand-activated transcription factor, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is activated by structurally diverse ligands derived from the environment, diet, microorganisms, and metabolic activity. Recent studies have demonstrated that AhR plays a key role in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Moreover, AhR regulates innate immune and lymphoid cell differentiation and function, which is involved in autoimmune pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanism of activation of AhR and its mediated functional regulation in various innate immune and lymphoid cell populations, as well as the immune-regulatory effect of AhR in the development of autoimmune diseases. In addition, we highlight the identification of AhR agonists and antagonists that may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke Rui
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Na Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, China
| | - Dajun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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10
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Pinto CJG, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Lian Y, Moura-Alves P, Nunes Dos Santos C. Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by gut phenolic metabolites: A strategy towards gut inflammation. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102622. [PMID: 36812782 PMCID: PMC9958510 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor able to control complex transcriptional processes in several cell types, which has been correlated with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Numerous studies have described different compounds as ligands of this receptor, like xenobiotics, natural compounds, and several host-derived metabolites. Dietary (poly)phenols have been studied regarding their pleiotropic activities (e.g., neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory), but their AHR modulatory capabilities have also been considered. However, dietary (poly)phenols are submitted to extensive metabolism in the gut (e.g., gut microbiota). Thus, the resulting gut phenolic metabolites could be key players modulating AHR since they are the ones that reach the cells and may exert effects on the AHR throughout the gut and other organs. This review aims at a comprehensive search for the most abundant gut phenolic metabolites detected and quantified in humans to understand how many have been described as AHR modulators and what could be their impact on inflammatory gut processes. Even though several phenolic compounds have been studied regarding their anti-inflammatory capacities, only 1 gut phenolic metabolite, described as AHR modulator, has been evaluated on intestinal inflammatory models. Searching for AHR ligands could be a novel strategy against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina J G Pinto
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Yilong Lian
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Moura-Alves
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Cláudia Nunes Dos Santos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal.
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Cox EM, El-Behi M, Ries S, Vogt JF, Kohlhaas V, Michna T, Manfroi B, Al-Maarri M, Wanke F, Tirosh B, Pondarre C, Lezeau H, Yogev N, Mittenzwei R, Descatoire M, Weller S, Weill JC, Reynaud CA, Boudinot P, Jouneau L, Tenzer S, Distler U, Rensing-Ehl A, König C, Staniek J, Rizzi M, Magérus A, Rieux-Laucat F, Wunderlich FT, Hövelmeyer N, Fillatreau S. AKT activity orchestrates marginal zone B cell development in mice and humans. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112378. [PMID: 37060566 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The signals controlling marginal zone (MZ) and follicular (FO) B cell development remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that AKT orchestrates MZ B cell formation in mice and humans. Genetic models that increase AKT signaling in B cells or abolish its impact on FoxO transcription factors highlight the AKT-FoxO axis as an on-off switch for MZ B cell formation in mice. In humans, splenic immunoglobulin (Ig) D+CD27+ B cells, proposed as an MZ B cell equivalent, display higher AKT signaling than naive IgD+CD27- and memory IgD-CD27+ B cells and develop in an AKT-dependent manner from their precursors in vitro, underlining the conservation of this developmental pathway. Consistently, CD148 is identified as a receptor indicative of the level of AKT signaling in B cells, expressed at a higher level in MZ B cells than FO B cells in mice as well as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Cox
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed El-Behi
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stefanie Ries
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes F Vogt
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vivien Kohlhaas
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP) Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Michna
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benoît Manfroi
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mona Al-Maarri
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP) Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Wanke
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Boaz Tirosh
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute for Drug Research, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Corinne Pondarre
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Centre de Référence de la Drépanocytose, Centre Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Inserm U955, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France
| | - Harry Lezeau
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Centre de Référence de la Drépanocytose, Centre Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Inserm U955, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France
| | - Nir Yogev
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Romy Mittenzwei
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc Descatoire
- Laboratory of Immune Inherited Disorders, Department of Immunology and Allergology Lausanne Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Weller
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Weill
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Claude-Agnès Reynaud
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Boudinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luc Jouneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology Mainz (HI-TRON Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute Distler
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne Rensing-Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph König
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Staniek
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aude Magérus
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Frederic Rieux-Laucat
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP) Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadine Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France; Université de Paris Cité, Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
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12
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D'Addabbo P, Frezza D, Sulentic CE. Evolutive emergence and divergence of an Ig regulatory node: An environmental sensor getting cues from the aryl hydrocarbon receptor? Front Immunol 2023; 14:996119. [PMID: 36817426 PMCID: PMC9936319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.996119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One gene, the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene, is responsible for the expression of all the different antibody isotypes. Transcriptional regulation of the IgH gene is complex and involves several regulatory elements including a large element at the 3' end of the IgH gene locus (3'RR). Animal models have demonstrated an essential role of the 3'RR in the ability of B cells to express high affinity antibodies and to express different antibody classes. Additionally, environmental chemicals such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands modulate mouse 3'RR activity that mirrors the effects of these chemicals on antibody production and immunocompetence in mouse models. Although first discovered as a mediator of the toxicity induced by the high affinity ligand 2,3,7,8-tetracholordibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin), understanding of the AhR has expanded to a physiological role in preserving homeostasis and maintaining immunocompetence. We posit that the AhR also plays a role in human antibody production and that the 3'RR is not only an IgH regulatory node but also an environmental sensor receiving signals through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, including the AhR. This review will 1) highlight the emerging role of the AhR as a key transducer between environmental signals and altered immune function; 2) examine the current state of knowledge regarding IgH gene regulation and the role of the AhR in modulation of Ig production; 3) describe the evolution of the IgH gene that resulted in species and population differences; and 4) explore the evidence supporting the environmental sensing capacity of the 3'RR and the AhR as a transducer of these cues. This review will also underscore the need for studies focused on human models due to the premise that understanding genetic differences in the human population and the signaling pathways that converge at the 3'RR will provide valuable insight into individual sensitivities to environmental factors and antibody-mediated disease conditions, including emerging infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro D'Addabbo
- Department of Biology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Frezza
- Department of Biology E. Calef, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Courtney E.W. Sulentic
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
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13
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Merchak AR, Cahill HJ, Brown LC, Brown RM, Rivet-Noor C, Beiter RM, Slogar ER, Olgun DG, Gaultier A. The activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in T cells tunes the gut microenvironment to sustain autoimmunity and neuroinflammation. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002000. [PMID: 36787309 PMCID: PMC9928083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell-driven autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin of the central nervous system (CNS) and currently has no cure. MS etiology is linked to both the gut flora and external environmental factors but this connection is not well understood. One immune system regulator responsive to nonpathogenic external stimuli is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). The AHR, which binds diverse molecules present in the environment in barrier tissues, is a therapeutic target for MS. However, AHR's precise function in T lymphocytes, the orchestrators of MS, has not been described. Here, we show that in a mouse model of MS, T cell-specific Ahr knockout leads to recovery driven by a decrease in T cell fitness. At the mechanistic level, we demonstrate that the absence of AHR changes the gut microenvironment composition to generate metabolites that impact T cell viability, such as bile salts and short chain fatty acids. Our study demonstrates a newly emerging role for AHR in mediating the interdependence between T lymphocytes and the microbiota, while simultaneously identifying new potential molecular targets for the treatment of MS and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R. Merchak
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville Virginia, United States of America
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Hannah J. Cahill
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Lucille C. Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ryan M. Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville Virginia, United States of America
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Courtney Rivet-Noor
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville Virginia, United States of America
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Rebecca M. Beiter
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville Virginia, United States of America
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Erica R. Slogar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Deniz G. Olgun
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Alban Gaultier
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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14
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Cao Y, Liu Z, Ma W, Fang C, Pei Y, Jing Y, Huang J, Han X, Xiao W. Untargeted metabolomic profiling of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1060470. [PMID: 36875476 PMCID: PMC9978788 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1060470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sepsis is a life-threatening condition secondary to infection that evolves into a dysregulated host response and is associated with acute organ dysfunction. Sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction is one of the most complex organ failures to characterize. This study performed comprehensive metabolomic profiling that distinguished between septic patients with and without cardiac dysfunction. METHOD Plasma samples collected from 80 septic patients were analysed by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to analyse the metabolic model between septic patients with and without cardiac dysfunction. The screening criteria for potential candidate metabolites were as follows: variable importance in the projection (VIP) >1, P < 0.05, and fold change (FC) > 1.5 or < 0.7. Pathway enrichment analysis further revealed associated metabolic pathways. In addition, we constructed a subgroup metabolic analysis between the survivors and non-survivors according to 28-day mortality in the cardiac dysfunction group. RESULTS Two metabolite markers, kynurenic acid and gluconolactone, could distinguish the cardiac dysfunction group from the normal cardiac function group. Two metabolites, kynurenic acid and galactitol, could distinguish survivors and non-survivors in the subgroup analysis. Kynurenic acid is a common differential metabolite that could be used as a candidate for both diagnosis and prognosis for septic patients with cardiac dysfunction. The main associated pathways were amino acid metabolism, glucose metabolism and bile acid metabolism. CONCLUSION Metabolomic technology could be a promising approach for identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Heart Failure of Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Ma
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Fang
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanfang Pei
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingxia Jing
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaotong Han
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaotong Han, ; Weiwei Xiao,
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaotong Han, ; Weiwei Xiao,
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15
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Riaz F, Pan F, Wei P. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: The master regulator of immune responses in allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057555. [PMID: 36601108 PMCID: PMC9806217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a widely studied ligand-activated cytosolic transcriptional factor that has been associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and allergies. Generally, AhR responds and binds to environmental toxins/ligands, dietary ligands, and allergens to regulate toxicological, biological, cellular responses. In a canonical signaling manner, activation of AhR is responsible for the increase in cytochrome P450 enzymes which help individuals to degrade and metabolize these environmental toxins and ligands. However, canonical signaling cannot be applied to all the effects mediated by AhR. Recent findings indicate that activation of AhR signaling also interacts with some non-canonical factors like Kruppel-like-factor-6 (KLF6) or estrogen-receptor-alpha (Erα) to affect the expression of downstream genes. Meanwhile, enormous research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of AhR signaling on innate and adaptive immunity. It has been shown that AhR exerts numerous effects on mast cells, B cells, macrophages, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), Th1/Th2 cell balance, Th17, and regulatory T cells, thus, playing a significant role in allergens-induced diseases. This review discussed how AhR mediates immune responses in allergic diseases. Meanwhile, we believe that understanding the role of AhR in immune responses will enhance our knowledge of AhR-mediated immune regulation in allergic diseases. Also, it will help researchers to understand the role of AhR in regulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Riaz
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Ping Wei, ; Fan Pan,
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ping Wei, ; Fan Pan,
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16
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Association between AhR in B cells and systemic lupus erythematosus with renal damage. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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An overview of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands in the Last two decades (2002–2022): A medicinal chemistry perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Germolec DR, Lebrec H, Anderson SE, Burleson GR, Cardenas A, Corsini E, Elmore SE, Kaplan BL, Lawrence BP, Lehmann GM, Maier CC, McHale CM, Myers LP, Pallardy M, Rooney AA, Zeise L, Zhang L, Smith MT. Consensus on the Key Characteristics of Immunotoxic Agents as a Basis for Hazard Identification. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:105001. [PMID: 36201310 PMCID: PMC9536493 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Key characteristics (KCs), properties of agents or exposures that confer potential hazard, have been developed for carcinogens and other toxicant classes. KCs have been used in the systematic assessment of hazards and to identify assay and data gaps that limit screening and risk assessment. Many of the mechanisms through which pharmaceuticals and occupational or environmental agents modulate immune function are well recognized. Thus KCs could be identified for immunoactive substances and applied to improve hazard assessment of immunodulatory agents. OBJECTIVES The goal was to generate a consensus-based synthesis of scientific evidence describing the KCs of agents known to cause immunotoxicity and potential applications, such as assays to measure the KCs. METHODS A committee of 18 experts with diverse specialties identified 10 KCs of immunotoxic agents, namely, 1) covalently binds to proteins to form novel antigens, 2) affects antigen processing and presentation, 3) alters immune cell signaling, 4) alters immune cell proliferation, 5) modifies cellular differentiation, 6) alters immune cell-cell communication, 7) alters effector function of specific cell types, 8) alters immune cell trafficking, 9) alters cell death processes, and 10) breaks down immune tolerance. The group considered how these KCs could influence immune processes and contribute to hypersensitivity, inappropriate enhancement, immunosuppression, or autoimmunity. DISCUSSION KCs can be used to improve efforts to identify agents that cause immunotoxicity via one or more mechanisms, to develop better testing and biomarker approaches to evaluate immunotoxicity, and to enable a more comprehensive and mechanistic understanding of adverse effects of exposures on the immune system. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10800.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dori R. Germolec
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Herve Lebrec
- Translational Safety & Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen Research, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stacey E. Anderson
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Gary R. Burleson
- Burleson Research Technologies, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah E. Elmore
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Barbara L.F. Kaplan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - B. Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Geniece M. Lehmann
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Curtis C. Maier
- In Vitro In Vivo Translation, Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cliona M. McHale
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - L. Peyton Myers
- Division of Pharm/Tox, Office of Infectious Diseases, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Federal Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Marc Pallardy
- Inserm, Inflammation microbiome immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Andrew A. Rooney
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren Zeise
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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19
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Lim J, Lin EV, Hong JY, Vaidyanathan B, Erickson SA, Annicelli C, Medzhitov R. Induction of natural IgE by glucocorticoids. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213459. [PMID: 36098746 PMCID: PMC9475297 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE mediates allergic responses by coating mast cell or basophil surfaces and inducing degranulation upon binding a specific allergen. IgE can also be spontaneously produced in the absence of foreign allergens; yet the origin, regulation, and functions of such "natural" IgE still remain largely unknown. Here, we find that glucocorticoids enhance the production of IgE in B cells both in vivo and ex vivo without antigenic challenge. Such IgE production is promoted by B cell-intrinsic glucocorticoid receptor signaling that reinforces CD40 signaling and synergizes with the IL-4/STAT6 pathway. In addition, we found that rare B cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes are responsible for the production of glucocorticoid-inducible IgE. Furthermore, locally produced glucocorticoids in the gut may induce natural IgE during perturbations of gut homeostasis, such as dysbiosis. Notably, mice preemptively treated with glucocorticoids were protected from subsequent pathogenic anaphylaxis. Together, our results suggest that glucocorticoids, classically considered to be broadly immunosuppressive, have a selective immunostimulatory role in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaechul Lim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Erica V. Lin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jun Young Hong
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Jun Young Hong:
| | - Bharat Vaidyanathan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Steven A. Erickson
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Charles Annicelli
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Correspondence to Ruslan Medzhitov:
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20
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COVID-19 Infection and Response to Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Transplantation: A Brief Presentation. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091358. [PMID: 36143394 PMCID: PMC9505388 DOI: 10.3390/life12091358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with phenotypic and functional changes in the immune system, followed by detrimental clinical consequences, such as severe infections and defective response to vaccination. Two years of the pandemic, due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have undoubtedly changed the world; however, all efforts to confront infection and provide new generation vaccines tremendously improved our understanding of the mechanisms of the immune response against infections and after vaccination. Humoral and cellular responses to vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, are apparently affected in CKD patients, as elimination of recent thymic emigrant and naïve lymphocytes and regulatory T-cells, together with contraction of T-cell repertoire and homeostatic proliferation rate, which characterized CKD patients are responsible for impaired immune activation. Successful renal transplantation will restore some of these changes, although several epigenetic changes are irreversible and even accelerated by the induction of immunosuppression. Response to vaccination is definitely impaired among both CKD and RT patients. In the present review, we analyzed the differences in immune response after vaccination between these patients and healthy individuals and depicted specific parameters, such as alterations in the immune system, predisposing to this deficient response.
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21
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Wu J, Pang T, Lin Z, Zhao M, Jin H. The key player in the pathogenesis of environmental influence of systemic lupus erythematosus: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:965941. [PMID: 36110860 PMCID: PMC9468923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor was previously known as an environmental receptor that modulates the cellular response to external environmental changes. In essence, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a cytoplasmic receptor and transcription factor that is activated by binding to the corresponding ligands, and they transmit relevant information by binding to DNA, thereby activating the transcription of various genes. Therefore, we can understand the development of certain diseases and discover new therapeutic targets by studying the regulation and function of AhR. Several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), have been connected to AhR in previous studies. SLE is a classic autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ damage and disruption of immune tolerance. We discuss here the homeostatic regulation of AhR and its ligands among various types of immune cells, pathophysiological roles, in addition to the roles of various related cytokines and signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of SLE.
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22
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Abstract
Epithelial barriers, which include the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and genitourinary mucosa, compose the body’s front line of defense. Since barrier tissues are persistently exposed to microbial challenges, a rapid response that can deal with diverse invading pathogens is crucial. Because B cells have been perceived as indirectly contributing to immune responses through antibody production, B cells functioning in the peripheral organs have been outside the scope of researchers. However, recent evidence supports the existence of tissue-resident memory B cells (BRMs) in the lungs. This population’s defensive response was stronger and faster than that of their circulating counterparts and could resist heterogeneous strains. With such traits, BRMs could be a promising target for vaccine design, but much about them remains to be revealed, including their locations, origin, specific markers, and the mechanisms of their establishment and maintenance. There is evidence for resident B cells in organs other than the lungs, suggesting that B cells are directly involved in the immune reactions of multiple non-lymphoid organs. This review summarizes the history of the discovery of BRMs and discusses important unresolved questions. Unique characteristics of humoral immunity that play an important role in the peripheral organs will be described briefly. Future research on B cells residing in non-lymphoid organs will provide new insights to help solve major problems regarding human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong Man Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Oh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- BioMedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ji Eun Oh,
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23
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Alessandrini F, de Jong R, Wimmer M, Maier AM, Fernandez I, Hils M, Buters JT, Biedermann T, Zissler UM, Hoffmann C, Esser-von-Bieren J, Schmidt-Weber CB, Ohnmacht C. Lung Epithelial CYP1 Activity Regulates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Dependent Allergic Airway Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:901194. [PMID: 35734174 PMCID: PMC9207268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung epithelial barrier serves as a guardian towards environmental insults and responds to allergen encounter with a cascade of immune reactions that can possibly lead to inflammation. Whether the environmental sensor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) together with its downstream targets cytochrome P450 (CYP1) family members contribute to the regulation of allergic airway inflammation remains unexplored. By employing knockout mice for AhR and for single CYP1 family members, we found that AhR-/- and CYP1B1-/- but not CYP1A1-/- or CYP1A2-/- animals display enhanced allergic airway inflammation compared to WT. Expression analysis, immunofluorescence staining of murine and human lung sections and bone marrow chimeras suggest an important role of CYP1B1 in non-hematopoietic lung epithelial cells to prevent exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation. Transcriptional analysis of murine and human lung epithelial cells indicates a functional link of AhR to barrier protection/inflammatory mediator signaling upon allergen challenge. In contrast, CYP1B1 deficiency leads to enhanced expression and activity of CYP1A1 in lung epithelial cells and to an increased availability of the AhR ligand kynurenic acid following allergen challenge. Thus, differential CYP1 family member expression and signaling via the AhR in epithelial cells represents an immunoregulatory layer protecting the lung from exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Renske de Jong
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Wimmer
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ann-Marie Maier
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isis Fernandez
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Partner Site, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Centre, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Hils
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeroen T. Buters
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Unit Allergology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Partner Site, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hoffmann
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Esser-von-Bieren
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Partner Site, Munich, Germany
| | - Caspar Ohnmacht
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Caspar Ohnmacht,
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24
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Reduced IRF4 expression promotes lytic phenotype in Type 2 EBV-infected B cells. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010453. [PMID: 35472072 PMCID: PMC9041801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are infected with two types of EBV (Type 1 (T1) and Type 2 (T2)) that differ substantially in their EBNA2 and EBNA 3A/B/C latency proteins and have different phenotypes in B cells. T1 EBV transforms B cells more efficiently than T2 EBV in vitro, and T2 EBV-infected B cells are more lytic. We previously showed that both increased NFATc1/c2 activity, and an NFAT-binding motif within the BZLF1 immediate-early promoter variant (Zp-V3) contained in all T2 strains, contribute to lytic infection in T2 EBV-infected B cells. Here we compare cellular and viral gene expression in early-passage lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) infected with either T1 or T2 EBV strains. Using bulk RNA-seq, we show that T2 LCLs are readily distinguishable from T1 LCLs, with approximately 600 differentially expressed cellular genes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggests that T2 LCLs have increased B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, NFAT activation, and enhanced expression of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-associated genes. T2 LCLs also have decreased RNA and protein expression of a cellular gene required for survival of T1 LCLs, IRF4. In addition to its essential role in plasma cell differentiation, IRF4 decreases BCR signaling. Knock-down of IRF4 in a T1 LCL (infected with the Zp-V3-containing Akata strain) induced lytic reactivation whereas over-expression of IRF4 in Burkitt lymphoma cells inhibited both NFATc1 and NFATc2 expression and lytic EBV reactivation. Single-cell RNA-seq confirmed that T2 LCLs have many more lytic cells compared to T1 LCLs and showed that lytically infected cells have both increased NFATc1, and decreased IRF4, compared to latently infected cells. These studies reveal numerous differences in cellular gene expression in B cells infected with T1 versus T2 EBV and suggest that decreased IRF4 contributes to both the latent and lytic phenotypes in cells with T2 EBV.
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25
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Foxx CL, Nagy MR, King AE, Albin D, DeKrey GK. TCDD exposure alters fecal IgA concentrations in male and female mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:25. [PMID: 35449084 PMCID: PMC9026712 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) can alter diurnal rhythms including those for innate lymphoid cell numbers, cytokine and hormone levels, and feeding behaviors. Because immune responses and antibody levels are modulated by exposure to AhR agonists, we hypothesized that some of the variation previously reported for the effects of AhR activation on fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels could be explained by dysregulation of the diurnal sIgA rhythm. Methods C57Bl/6 J mice were exposed to peanut oil or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, 10 or 40 μg/Kg) and fecal sIgA levels were determined in samples collected every 4 h over 4 days. Results Fecal sIgA concentrations were not significantly different between light and dark phases of the photoperiod in either male or female mice, and there were no significant circadian rhythms observed, but TCDD exposure significantly altered both fecal mesor sIgA and serum IgA concentrations, in parallel, in male (increased) and female (biphasic) mice. Conclusions AhR activation can contribute to the regulation of steady state IgA/sIgA concentrations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-022-00563-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Foxx
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, 80639, USA
| | - Madeline R Nagy
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, 80639, USA
| | - Aspen E King
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, 80639, USA
| | - Dreycey Albin
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, CO, USA
| | - Gregory K DeKrey
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, 80639, USA.
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26
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Nicaise AJ, McDonald A, Sears ER, Sturgis T, Kaplan BLF. TCDD Inhibition of IgG1 Production in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) and In Vitro. Antibodies (Basel) 2022; 11:4. [PMID: 35076460 PMCID: PMC8788515 DOI: 10.3390/antib11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) is a ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). TCDD is well-characterized to produce immunotoxicity, including suppression of antibody production. Previously we showed that TCDD inhibited myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide-specific IgG and attenuated disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in mice. Thus, the purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of TCDD on IgG subclasses in EAE and in vitro and assess effects in B cells derived from various tissues. TCDD modestly suppressed intracellular IgG expression in splenocytes (SPLC), but not bone marrow (BM) or lymph node (LN) cells. To further understand TCDD's effects on IgG, we utilized LPS and LPS + IL-4 in vitro to stimulate IgG3 and IgG1 production, respectively. TCDD preferentially suppressed IgG1+ cell surface expression, especially in SPLC. However, TCDD was able to suppress IgG1 and IgG3 secretion from SPLC and B cells, but not BM cells. Lastly, we revisited the EAE model and determined that TCDD suppressed MOG-specific IgG1 production. Together these data show that the IgG1 subclass of IgG is a sensitive target of suppression by TCDD. Part of the pathophysiology of EAE involves production of pathogenic antibodies that can recruit cytolytic cells to destroy MOG-expressing cells that comprise myelin, so inhibition of IgG1 likely contributes to TCDD's EAE disease attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara L. F. Kaplan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (A.J.N.); (A.M.); (E.R.S.); (T.S.)
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27
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Lightman SM, Peresie JL, Carlson LM, Holling GA, Honikel MM, Chavel CA, Nemeth MJ, Olejniczak SH, Lee KP. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 is essential for sustaining durable antibody responses. Immunity 2021; 54:2772-2783.e5. [PMID: 34788602 PMCID: PMC9323746 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Humoral immunity is essential for protection against pathogens, emphasized by the prevention of 2-3 million deaths worldwide annually by childhood immunizations. Long-term protective immunity is dependent on the continual production of neutralizing antibodies by the subset of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). LLPCs are not intrinsically long-lived, but require interaction with LLPC niche stromal cells for survival. However, it remains unclear which and how these interactions sustain LLPC survival and long-term humoral immunity. We now have found that the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is required to sustain antibody responses and LLPC survival. Activation of IDO1 occurs upon the engagement of CD80/CD86 on the niche dendritic cells by CD28 on LLPC. Kynurenine, the product of IDO1 catabolism, activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in LLPC, reinforcing CD28 expression and survival signaling. These findings expand the immune function of IDO1 and uncover a novel pathway for sustaining LLPC survival and humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivana M. Lightman
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Peresie
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Louise M. Carlson
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - G. Aaron Holling
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | | | - Colin A. Chavel
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Michael J Nemeth
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Scott H. Olejniczak
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Kelvin P. Lee
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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28
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Tousif S, Wang Y, Jackson J, Hough KP, Strenkowski JG, Athar M, Thannickal VJ, McCusker RH, Ponnazhagan S, Deshane JS. Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase Promotes Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent Differentiation Of Regulatory B Cells in Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:747780. [PMID: 34867973 PMCID: PMC8640488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.747780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Breg) are IL-10 producing subsets of B cells that contribute to immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Breg are elevated in patients with lung cancer; however, the mechanisms underlying Breg development and their function in lung cancer have not been adequately elucidated. Herein, we report a novel role for Indoleamine 2, 3- dioxygenase (IDO), a metabolic enzyme that degrades tryptophan (Trp) and the Trp metabolite L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) in the regulation of Breg differentiation in the lung TME. Using a syngeneic mouse model of lung cancer, we report that Breg frequencies significantly increased during tumor progression in the lung TME and secondary lymphoid organs, while Breg were reduced in tumor-bearing IDO deficient mice (IDO-/-). Trp metabolite L-Kyn promoted Breg differentiation in-vitro in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), toll-like receptor-4-myeloid differentiation primary response 88, (TLR4-MyD88) dependent manner. Importantly, using mouse models with conditional deletion of IDO in myeloid-lineage cells, we identified a significant role for immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-associated IDO in modulating in-vivo and ex-vivo differentiation of Breg. Our studies thus identify Trp metabolism as a therapeutic target to modulate regulatory B cell function during lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Tousif
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Joshua Jackson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kenneth P Hough
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John G Strenkowski
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Robert H McCusker
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | | | - Jessy S Deshane
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Killian M, Rochereau N, Paul S. Metabolites and secretory immunoglobulins: messengers and effectors of the host-microbiota intestinal equilibrium. Trends Immunol 2021; 43:63-77. [PMID: 34848167 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining commensal diversity is essential to host homeostasis, because microbial species provide a range of metabolic products and continuously educate the host immune system. The mucosal immune system must actively gather information about the composition of the microbiota, while offering an appropriate response. In mammals, bacterial sensing leads to the production of specific immunoglobulins (Ig), which reach the intestinal lumen as secretory Ig (SIg). Recent work has shed more light on the mechanisms by which SIg can shape bacterial repertoires and contribute to regulating host metabolism. In parallel, bacterial metabolites modulate Ig production and secretion. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge of the relationship between bacterial metabolites and host SIg, correlating the disruption of this balance with chronic inflammation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Martin Killian
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Nicolas Rochereau
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France.
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30
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Afify SM, Regner A, Pacios LF, Blokhuis BR, Jensen SA, Redegeld FA, Pali-Schöll I, Hufnagl K, Bianchini R, Guethoff S, Kramer MF, Fiocchi A, Dvorak Z, Jensen-Jarolim E, Roth-Walter F. Micronutritional supplementation with a holoBLG-based FSMP (food for special medical purposes)-lozenge alleviates allergic symptoms in BALB/c mice: Imitating the protective farm effect. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 52:426-441. [PMID: 34773648 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, the protective farm effect was imitated using the whey protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) that is spiked with iron-flavonoid complexes. Here, we formulated for clinical translation a lozenge as food for special medical purposes (FSMP) using catechin-iron complexes as ligands for BLG. The lozenge was tested in vitro and in a therapeutical BALB/c mice model. METHODS Binding of iron-catechin into BLG was confirmed by spectroscopy and docking calculations. Serum IgE binding of children allergic or tolerating milk was assessed to loaded (holo-) versus empty (apo-) BLG and for human mast cell degranulation. BLG and Bet v 1 double-sensitized mice were orally treated with the holoBLG or placebo lozenge, and immunologically analysed after systemic allergen challenge. Human PBMCs of pollen allergic subjects were flow cytometrically assessed after stimulation with apoBLG or holoBLG using catechin-iron complexes as ligands. RESULTS One major IgE and T cell epitope were masked by catechin-iron complexes, which impaired IgE binding of milk-allergic children and degranulation of mast cells. In mice, only supplementation with the holoBLG lozenge reduced clinical reactivity to BLG and Bet v 1, promoted Tregs, and suppressed antigen presentation. In allergic subjects, stimulation of PBMCs with holoBLG led to a significant increase of intracellular iron in circulating CD14+ cells with significantly lower expression of HLADR and CD86 compared to their stimulation with apoBLG. CONCLUSION The FSMP lozenge targeted antigen presenting cells and dampened immune activation in human immune cells and allergic mice in an antigen-non-specific manner, thereby conferring immune resilience against allergic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheriene Moussa Afify
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Andreas Regner
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis F Pacios
- Biotechnology Department, ETSIAAB, Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, CBGP (UPM-INIA), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bart R Blokhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian A Jensen
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Pali-Schöll
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hufnagl
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Guethoff
- Bencard Allergie GmbH, Munich, Germany.,Allergy Therapeutics, Worthing, UK
| | - Matthias F Kramer
- Bencard Allergie GmbH, Munich, Germany.,Allergy Therapeutics, Worthing, UK
| | | | - Zdenek Dvorak
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Biomedical International R+D GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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The Tumor Microenvironment-Dependent Transcription Factors AHR and HIF-1α Are Dispensable for Leukemogenesis in the Eµ-TCL1 Mouse Model of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184518. [PMID: 34572746 PMCID: PMC8466120 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in Western countries, mostly affecting the elderly. The survival of leukemic cells depends on multiple soluble factors and on the stimulation of the BCR signaling pathway. Microenvironment-dependent transcription factors also contribute to CLL biology. Here, we generated new transgenic murine conditional knock-out models of CLL to study the role of the two transcription factors HIF-1α and AHR. Unexpectedly, we observed that both factors are dispensable for leukemia development in these models. Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent leukemia in the elderly and is characterized by the accumulation of mature B lymphocytes in peripheral blood and primary lymphoid organs. In order to proliferate, leukemic cells are highly dependent on complex interactions with their microenvironment in proliferative niches. Not only soluble factors and BCR stimulation are important for their survival and proliferation, but also the activation of transcription factors through different signaling pathways. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α are two transcription factors crucial for cancer development, whose activities are dependent on tumor microenvironment conditions, such as the presence of metabolites from the tryptophan pathway and hypoxia, respectively. In this study, we addressed the potential role of AHR and HIF-1α in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) development in vivo. To this end, we crossed the CLL mouse model Eµ-TCL1 with the corresponding transcription factor-conditional knock-out mice to delete one or both transcription factors in CD19+ B cells only. Despite AHR and HIF-1α being activated in CLL cells, deletion of either or both of them had no impact on CLL progression or survival in vivo, suggesting that these transcription factors are not crucial for leukemogenesis in CLL.
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Segner H, Bailey C, Tafalla C, Bo J. Immunotoxicity of Xenobiotics in Fish: A Role for the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR)? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179460. [PMID: 34502366 PMCID: PMC8430475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of anthropogenic contaminants on the immune system of fishes is an issue of growing concern. An important xenobiotic receptor that mediates effects of chemicals, such as halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Fish toxicological research has focused on the role of this receptor in xenobiotic biotransformation as well as in causing developmental, cardiac, and reproductive toxicity. However, biomedical research has unraveled an important physiological role of the AhR in the immune system, what suggests that this receptor could be involved in immunotoxic effects of environmental contaminants. The aims of the present review are to critically discuss the available knowledge on (i) the expression and possible function of the AhR in the immune systems of teleost fishes; and (ii) the impact of AhR-activating xenobiotics on the immune systems of fish at the levels of immune gene expression, immune cell proliferation and immune cell function, immune pathology, and resistance to infectious disease. The existing information indicates that the AhR is expressed in the fish immune system, but currently, we have little understanding of its physiological role. Exposure to AhR-activating contaminants results in the modulation of numerous immune structural and functional parameters of fish. Despite the diversity of fish species studied and the experimental conditions investigated, the published findings rather uniformly point to immunosuppressive actions of xenobiotic AhR ligands in fish. These effects are often associated with increased disease susceptibility. The fact that fish populations from HAH- and PAH-contaminated environments suffer immune disturbances and elevated disease susceptibility highlights that the immunotoxic effects of AhR-activating xenobiotics bear environmental relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Pathobiology and Infectious Diseases, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361005, China
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Bungsu I, Kifli N, Ahmad SR, Ghani H, Cunningham AC. Herbal Plants: The Role of AhR in Mediating Immunomodulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697663. [PMID: 34249001 PMCID: PMC8264659 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), autoimmunity and cancer have increased in recent years. Herbal-based compounds such as flavonoids have been demonstrated to contribute to the modulation of these diseases although understanding their mechanism of action remains limited. Flavonoids are able to interact with cellular immune components in a distinct way and influence immune responses at a molecular level. In this mini review, we highlight recent progress in our understanding of the modulation of immune responses by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor whose activity can be regulated by diverse molecules including flavonoids. We focus on the role of AhR in integrating signals from flavonoids to modulate inflammatory responses using in vitro and experimental animal models. We also summarize the limitations of these studies. Medicinal herbs have been widely used to treat inflammatory disorders and may offer a valuable therapeutic strategy to treat aberrant inflammatory responses by modulation of the AhR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzah Bungsu
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah (PAPRSB), Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah (PAPRSB), Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Siti Rohaiza Ahmad
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah (PAPRSB), Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Hazim Ghani
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah (PAPRSB), Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Anne Catherine Cunningham
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah (PAPRSB), Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
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Dagenais-Lussier X, Loucif H, Beji C, Telittchenko R, Routy JP, van Grevenynghe J. Latest developments in tryptophan metabolism: Understanding its role in B cell immunity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 59:111-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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The prospective Hemophilia Inhibitor PUP Study reveals distinct antibody signatures prior to FVIII inhibitor development. Blood Adv 2021; 4:5785-5796. [PMID: 33232473 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors following replacement therapies with FVIII products in patients with hemophilia A remains an unmet medical need. Better understanding of the early events of evolving FVIII inhibitors is essential for risk identification and the design of novel strategies to prevent inhibitor development. The Hemophilia Inhibitor Previously Untreated Patients (PUPs) Study (HIPS; www.clinicaltrials.gov #NCT01652027) is the first prospective cohort study to evaluate comprehensive changes in the immune system during the first 50 exposure days (EDs) to FVIII in patients with severe hemophilia A. HIPS participants were enrolled prior to their first exposure to FVIII or blood products ("true PUPs") and were evaluated for different immunological and clinical parameters at specified time points during their first 50 EDs to a single source of recombinant FVIII. Longitudinal antibody data resulting from this study indicate that there are 4 subgroups of patients expressing distinct signatures of FVIII-binding antibodies. Subgroup 1 did not develop any detectable FVIII-binding immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Subgroup 2 developed nonneutralizing, FVIII-binding IgG1 antibodies, but other FVIII-binding IgG subclasses were not observed. Subgroup 3 developed transient FVIII inhibitors associated with FVIII-binding IgG1 antibodies, similar to subgroup 2. Subgroup 4 developed persistent FVIII inhibitors associated with an initial development of high-affinity, FVIII-binding IgG1 antibodies, followed by IgG3 and IgG4 antibodies. Appearance of FVIII-binding IgG3 was always associated with persistent FVIII inhibitors and the subsequent development of FVIII-binding IgG4. Some of the antibody signatures identified in HIPS could serve as candidates for early biomarkers of FVIII inhibitor development.
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Khan S, Luck H, Winer S, Winer DA. Emerging concepts in intestinal immune control of obesity-related metabolic disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2598. [PMID: 33972511 PMCID: PMC8110751 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal immune system is an important modulator of glucose homeostasis and obesity-associated insulin resistance. Dietary factors, the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites shape intestinal immunity during obesity. The intestinal immune system in turn affects processes such as intestinal permeability, immune cell trafficking, and intestinal hormone availability, impacting systemic insulin resistance. Understanding these pathways might identify mechanisms underlying treatments for insulin resistance, such as metformin and bariatric surgery, or aid in developing new therapies and vaccination approaches. Here, we highlight evolving concepts centered on intestinal immunity, diet, and the microbiota to provide a working model of obesity-related metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Khan
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Helen Luck
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shawn Winer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel A Winer
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.
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Zheng S, Matthews AJ, Rahman N, Herrick-Reynolds K, Sible E, Choi JE, Wishnie A, Ng YK, Rhodes D, Elledge SJ, Vuong BQ. The uncharacterized SANT and BTB domain-containing protein SANBR inhibits class switch recombination. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100625. [PMID: 33831416 PMCID: PMC8141524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) is the process by which B cells switch production from IgM/IgD to other immunoglobulin isotypes, enabling them to mount an effective immune response against pathogens. Timely resolution of CSR prevents damage due to an uncontrolled and prolonged immune response. While many positive regulators of CSR have been described, negative regulators of CSR are relatively unknown. Using an shRNA library screen targeting more than 28,000 genes in a mouse B cell line, we have identified a novel, uncharacterized protein of 82kD (KIAA1841, NM_027860), which we have named SANBR (SANT and BTB domain regulator of CSR), as a negative regulator of CSR. The purified, recombinant BTB domain of SANBR exhibited characteristic properties such as homodimerization and interaction with corepressor proteins, including HDAC and SMRT. Overexpression of SANBR inhibited CSR in primary mouse splenic B cells, and inhibition of CSR is dependent on the BTB domain while the SANT domain is largely dispensable. Thus, we have identified a new member of the BTB family that serves as a negative regulator of CSR. Future investigations to identify transcriptional targets of SANBR in B cells will reveal further insights into the specific mechanisms by which SANBR regulates CSR as well as fundamental gene regulatory activities of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Allysia J Matthews
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Biology, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Numa Rahman
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Emily Sible
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jee Eun Choi
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alec Wishnie
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yan Kee Ng
- NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniela Rhodes
- NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Department of Genetics, Program in Virology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bao Q Vuong
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, New York, New York, USA.
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Platten M, Friedrich M, Wainwright DA, Panitz V, Opitz CA. Tryptophan metabolism in brain tumors - IDO and beyond. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:57-66. [PMID: 33813026 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan is a key metabolic pathway that restricts antitumor immunity and is a drug development target for cancer immunotherapy. Tryptophan metabolism is active in brain tumors including gliomas and promotes a malignant phenotype and contributes to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In recent years, improved understanding of the regulation and downstream function of tryptophan metabolism has been significantly expanded beyond the initial in vitro observation that the enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) promotes the depletion of intracellular tryptophan. Here, we revisit the specific roles of tryptophan metabolites in regulating brain functioning and neuronal integrity as well as in the context of brain tumors. This review summarizes recent developments in identifying key regulators, as well as the cellular and molecular effects of tryptophan metabolism with a particular focus on potential therapeutic targets in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DKTK CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mirco Friedrich
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DKTK CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Derek A Wainwright
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, and Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Verena Panitz
- DKTK Brain Cancer Metabolism Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Neurology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane A Opitz
- DKTK Brain Cancer Metabolism Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Neurology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in the regulation of host immune responses and immune-related inflammatory diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:866-877. [PMID: 33707689 PMCID: PMC8115644 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has a critical role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Alterations in the intestinal microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been recognized in many immune-related inflammatory disorders. These metabolites can be produced by gut microbiota from dietary components or by the host and can be modified by gut bacteria or synthesized de novo by gut bacteria. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites influence a plethora of immune cell responses, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Some of these metabolites are involved in the pathogenesis of immune-related inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Here, we review the role of microbiota-derived metabolites in regulating the functions of different immune cells and the pathogenesis of chronic immune-related inflammatory diseases.
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40
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Torti MF, Giovannoni F, Quintana FJ, García CC. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor as a Modulator of Anti-viral Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624293. [PMID: 33746961 PMCID: PMC7973006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which interacts with a wide range of organic molecules of endogenous and exogenous origin, including environmental pollutants, tryptophan metabolites, and microbial metabolites. The activation of AHR by these agonists drives its translocation into the nucleus where it controls the expression of a large number of target genes that include the AHR repressor (AHRR), detoxifying monooxygenases (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1), and cytokines. Recent advances reveal that AHR signaling modulates aspects of the intrinsic, innate and adaptive immune response to diverse microorganisms. This review will focus on the increasing evidence supporting a role for AHR as a modulator of the host response to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Florencia Torti
- Laboratory of Antiviral Strategies, Biochemistry Department, School of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Giovannoni
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Francisco Javier Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cybele Carina García
- Laboratory of Antiviral Strategies, Biochemistry Department, School of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Li X, Zhang ZH, Zabed HM, Yun J, Zhang G, Qi X. An Insight into the Roles of Dietary Tryptophan and Its Metabolites in Intestinal Inflammation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000461. [PMID: 33216452 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex, chronic, and relapsing gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, which includes mainly two conditions, namely ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Development of IBD in any individual is closely related to his/her autoimmune regulation, gene-microbiota interactions, and dietary factors. Dietary tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid for intestinal mucosal cells, and it is associated with the intestinal inflammation, epithelial barrier, and energy homeostasis of the host. According to recent studies, Trp and its three major metabolic pathways, namely kynurenine (KYN) pathway, indole pathway, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) pathway, have vital roles in the regulation of intestinal inflammation by acting directly or indirectly on the pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, functions of various immune cells, as well as the intestinal microbial composition and homeostasis. In this review, recent advances in Trp- and its metabolites-associated intestinal inflammation are summarized. It further discusses the complex mechanisms and interrelationships of the three major metabolic pathways of Trp in regulating inflammation, which could elucidate the value of dietary Trp to be used as a nutrient for IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
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B lymphocytes, the gastrointestinal tract and autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102777. [PMID: 33609796 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Under homeostatic conditions, bidirectional interactions between the gastrointestinal and the immune system allow production of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses designed to prevent undesirable inflammation and to respond efficiently to potential insults. This balanced regulation can be disrupted in disorders that affect tissues remote to the gastrointestinal tract, as seen in autoimmune diseases. Recent reports have described a variety of B lymphocyte-mediated functions that likely contribute to gastrointestinal homeostasis to a greater extent than previously thought. Studies have shown that early B cell development takes place within the intestine, and that self-reactive B cells are rendered tolerant using mechanisms known to occur in the bone marrow, indicating that the gastrointestinal tract contributes to maintaining immune tolerance to self. Relatedly, continuous bacterial stimulation is essential for maintaining regulatory B cell functions and for mediating mucosal homeostasis. In studies of neuro-inflammation, intestinal IgA+ B cells, which constitute a prominent source of lymphocytes in the organism, can migrate to inflamed tissues and exert regulatory functions that attenuate inflammation in the central nervous system, indicating that, in addition to its local effects in the intestin, gut microbiota-B cell crosstalk can exert long-range beneficial effects. At the translational level, metabolites produced by gut microbiota can act as B cell-intrinsic epigenetic modulators, reducing inflammation in the skin and kidneys of mice suffering from experimental lupus. Given the significant impact of B cell-intestinal microbiota interactions, there is a momentum for improving our understanding of these pathways in autoinflammatory diseases and for designing novel therapeutic strategies for systemic autoimmune diseases where B cells play key roles.
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43
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The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Asthma: Friend or Foe? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228797. [PMID: 33233810 PMCID: PMC7699852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that has emerged as an important player in asthma control. AhR is responsive to environmental molecules and endogenous or dietary metabolites and regulates innate and adaptive immune responses. Binding of this receptor by different ligands has led to seemingly opposite responses in different asthma models. In this review, we present two sides of the same coin, with the beneficial and deleterious roles of AhR evaluated using known endogenous or exogenous ligands, deficient mice or antagonists. On one hand, AhR has an anti-inflammatory role since its activation in dendritic cells blocks the generation of pro-inflammatory T cells or shifts macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. On the other hand, AhR activation by particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment is pro-inflammatory, inducing mucus hypersecretion, airway remodelling, dysregulation of antigen presenting cells and exacerbates asthma features. Data concerning the role of AhR in cells from asthmatic patients are also reviewed, since AhR could represent a potential target for therapeutic immunomodulation.
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Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a significant role for microbiota dependent metabolites and co-metabolites, acting as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands, to facilitate bidirectional communication between the host and the microbiota and thus modulate physiology. Such communication is particularly evident within the gastrointestinal tract. Through binding to or activating the AHR, these metabolites play fundamental roles in various physiological processes and likely contribute to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. In recent years, tryptophan metabolites were screened to identify physiologically relevant AHR ligands or activators. The discovery of specific microbiota-derived indole-based metabolites as AHR ligands may provide insight concerning how these metabolites affect interactions between gut microbiota and host intestinal homeostasis and how this relates to chronic GI disease and overall health. A greater understanding of the mechanisms that modulate the production of such metabolites and associated AHR activity may be utilized to effectively treat inflammatory diseases and promote human health. Here, we review microbiota-derived AHR ligands generated from tryptophan that modulate host-gut microbiota interactions and discuss possible intervention strategies for potential therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangcong Dong
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and the Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Gary H. Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and the Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA,CONTACT Gary H. Perdew The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802, USA
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45
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Abney KK, Galipeau J. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in mesenchymal stromal cells: new frontiers in AhR biology. FEBS J 2020; 288:3962-3972. [PMID: 33064873 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are nonhematopoietic cells that have been clinically explored as investigational cellular therapeutics for tissue injury regeneration and immune-mediated diseases. Their pharmaceutical properties arise from activation of endogenous receptors and transcription factors leading to a paracrine effect which mirror the biology of progenitors from which they arise. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that has been extensively studied as an environmental sensor for xenobiotics, but recent findings suggest it can modulate immunological functions. Both genetic and pharmacological investigations revealed that MSCs express AhR and that it plays roles in inflammation, immunomodulation, and mesodermal plasticity of endogenous MSCs. Further, AhR has been shown to interact with key signaling cascades associated with these conditions. Therefore, AhR has potential to be an attractive target in both endogenous and culture-adapted MSCs for novel therapeutics to treat inflammation and other age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher K Abney
- Department of Medicine and Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin in Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine and Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin in Madison, WI, USA
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46
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Wang F, Liang S, Hu J, Xu Y. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor connects dysregulated immune cells to atherosclerosis. Immunol Lett 2020; 228:55-63. [PMID: 33053378 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
As a chronic inflammatory disease with autoimmune components, atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that the development of atherosclerosis is strongly linked to the functional activities of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a chemical sensor that is also important for the development, maintenance, and function of a variety of immune cells. In this review, we focus on the impact of AHR signaling on the different cell types that are closely related to the atherogenesis, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, foam cells, and hematopoietic stem cells in the arterial walls, and summarize the latest development on the interplay between this environmental sensor and immune cells in the context of atherosclerosis. Hopefully, elucidation of the role of AHR in atherosclerosis will facilitate the understanding of case variation in disease prevalence and may aid in the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengge Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, School of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Shuangchao Liang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jiqiong Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yuekang Xu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, School of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants on Hematopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196996. [PMID: 32977499 PMCID: PMC7583016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a complex and intricate process that aims to replenish blood components in a constant fashion. It is orchestrated mostly by hematopoietic progenitor cells (hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. These cells can originate other cell subtypes that are responsible for maintaining vital functions, mediate innate and adaptive immune responses, provide tissues with oxygen, and control coagulation. Hematopoiesis in adults takes place in the bone marrow, which is endowed with an extensive vasculature conferring an intense flow of cells. A myriad of cell subtypes can be found in the bone marrow at different levels of activation, being also under constant action of an extensive amount of diverse chemical mediators and enzymatic systems. Bone marrow platelets, mature erythrocytes and leukocytes are delivered into the bloodstream readily available to meet body demands. Leukocytes circulate and reach different tissues, returning or not returning to the bloodstream. Senescent leukocytes, specially granulocytes, return to the bone marrow to be phagocytized by macrophages, restarting granulopoiesis. The constant high production and delivery of cells into the bloodstream, alongside the fact that blood cells can also circulate between tissues, makes the hematopoietic system a prime target for toxic agents to act upon, making the understanding of the bone marrow microenvironment vital for both toxicological sciences and risk assessment. Environmental and occupational pollutants, therapeutic molecules, drugs of abuse, and even nutritional status can directly affect progenitor cells at their differentiation and maturation stages, altering behavior and function of blood compounds and resulting in impaired immune responses, anemias, leukemias, and blood coagulation disturbances. This review aims to describe the most recently investigated molecular and cellular toxicity mechanisms of current major environmental pollutants on hematopoiesis in the bone marrow.
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Sun D, Stopka-Farooqui U, Barry S, Aksoy E, Parsonage G, Vossenkämper A, Capasso M, Wan X, Norris S, Marshall JL, Clear A, Gribben J, MacDonald TT, Buckley CD, Korbonits M, Haworth O. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Interacting Protein Maintains Germinal Center B Cells through Suppression of BCL6 Degradation. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1461-1471.e4. [PMID: 31042473 PMCID: PMC6506688 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell lymphoma-6 (BCL6) is highly expressed in germinal center B cells, but how its expression is maintained is still not completely clear. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) is a co-chaperone of heat shock protein 90. Deletion of Aip in B cells decreased BCL6 expression, reducing germinal center B cells and diminishing adaptive immune responses. AIP was required for optimal AKT signaling in response to B cell receptor stimulation, and AIP protected BCL6 from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation by the E3-ubiquitin ligase FBXO11 by binding to the deubiquitinase UCHL1, thus helping to maintain the expression of BCL6. AIP was highly expressed in primary diffuse large B cell lymphomas compared to healthy tissue and other tumors. Our findings describe AIP as a positive regulator of BCL6 expression with implications for the pathobiology of diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijue Sun
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Urszula Stopka-Farooqui
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sayka Barry
- Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ezra Aksoy
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Gregory Parsonage
- Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anna Vossenkämper
- Center for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Melania Capasso
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xinyu Wan
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sherine Norris
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jennifer L Marshall
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew Clear
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John Gribben
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Thomas T MacDonald
- Center for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oliver Haworth
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Department of Biological Sciences, Westminster University, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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49
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Roth-Walter F, Afify SM, Pacios LF, Blokhuis BR, Redegeld F, Regner A, Petje LM, Fiocchi A, Untersmayr E, Dvorak Z, Hufnagl K, Pali-Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E. Cow's milk protein β-lactoglobulin confers resilience against allergy by targeting complexed iron into immune cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:321-334.e4. [PMID: 32485264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is a bovine lipocalin in milk with an innate defense function. The circumstances under which BLG is associated with tolerance of or allergy to milk are not understood. OBJECTIVE Our aims were to assess the capacity of ligand-free apoBLG versus loaded BLG (holoBLG) to protect mice against allergy by using an iron-quercetin complex as an exemplary ligand and to study the molecular mechanisms of this protection. METHODS Binding of iron-quercetin to BLG was modeled and confirmed by spectroscopy and docking calculations. Serum IgE binding to apoBLG and holoBLG in children allergic to milk and children tolerant of milk was assessed. Mice were intranasally treated with apoBLG versus holoBLG and analyzed immunologically after systemic challenge. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation was evaluated with reporter cells and Cyp1A1 expression. Treated human PBMCs and human mast cells were assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and degranulation, respectively. RESULTS Modeling predicted masking of major IgE and T-cell epitopes of BLG by ligand binding. In line with this modeling, IgE binding in children allergic to milk was reduced toward holoBLG, which also impaired degranulation of mast cells. In mice, only treatments with holoBLG prevented allergic sensitization and anaphylaxis, while sustaining regulatory T cells. BLG facilitated quercetin-dependent AhR activation and, downstream of AhR, lung Cyp1A1 expression. HoloBLG shuttled iron into monocytic cells and impaired their antigen presentation. CONCLUSION The cargo of holoBLG is decisive in preventing allergy in vivo. BLG without cargo acted as an allergen in vivo and further primed human mast cells for degranulation in an antigen-independent fashion. Our data provide a mechanistic explanation why the same proteins can act either as tolerogens or as allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sheriene Moussa Afify
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Luis F Pacios
- Biotechnology Department, ETSIAAB, Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, CBGP (UPM-INIA), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bart R Blokhuis
- Faculty of Science, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Redegeld
- Faculty of Science, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Regner
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa-Marie Petje
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zdenek Dvorak
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karin Hufnagl
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Pali-Schöll
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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50
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Espi M, Koppe L, Fouque D, Thaunat O. Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Immune Dysfunctions: Impact of Protein-Bound Uremic Retention Solutes on Immune Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12050300. [PMID: 32384617 PMCID: PMC7291164 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12050300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regardless of the primary disease responsible for kidney failure, patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) have in common multiple impairments of both the innate and adaptive immune systems, the pathophysiology of which has long remained enigmatic. CKD-associated immune dysfunction includes chronic low-grade activation of monocytes and neutrophils, which induces endothelial damage and increases cardiovascular risk. Although innate immune effectors are activated during CKD, their anti-bacterial capacity is impaired, leading to increased susceptibility to extracellular bacterial infections. Finally, CKD patients are also characterized by profound alterations of cellular and humoral adaptive immune responses, which account for an increased risk for malignancies and viral infections. This review summarizes the recent emerging data that link the pathophysiology of CKD-associated immune dysfunctions with the accumulation of microbiota-derived metabolites, including indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate, the two best characterized protein-bound uremic retention solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Espi
- Service de Transplantation, Néphrologie et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France;
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Laetitia Koppe
- Département de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Nutrition, Centre Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (L.K.); (D.F.)
- CarMeN, INSERM U1060, INRA 1397, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
- Lyon-Sud Medical Faculty, Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Denis Fouque
- Département de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Nutrition, Centre Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (L.K.); (D.F.)
- CarMeN, INSERM U1060, INRA 1397, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
- Lyon-Sud Medical Faculty, Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Thaunat
- Service de Transplantation, Néphrologie et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France;
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- Lyon-Est Medical Faculty, Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- Correspondence:
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