1
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Palis J. Erythropoiesis in the mammalian embryo. Exp Hematol 2024; 136:104283. [PMID: 39048071 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) comprise a critical component of the cardiovascular network, which constitutes the first functional organ system of the developing mammalian embryo. Examination of circulating blood cells in mammalian embryos revealed two distinct types of erythroid cells: large, nucleated "primitive" erythroblasts followed by smaller, enucleated "definitive" erythrocytes. This review describes the current understanding of primitive and definitive erythropoiesis gleaned from studies of mouse and human embryos and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Primitive erythropoiesis in the mouse embryo comprises a transient wave of committed primitive erythroid progenitors (primitive erythroid colony-forming cells, EryP-CFC) in the early yolk sac that generates a robust cohort of precursors that mature in the bloodstream and enucleate. In contrast, definitive erythropoiesis has two distinct developmental origins. The first comprises a transient wave of definitive erythroid progenitors (burst-forming units erythroid, BFU-E) that emerge in the yolk sac and seed the fetal liver where they terminally mature to provide the first definitive RBCs. The second comprises hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived BFU-E that terminally mature at sites colonized by HSCs particularly the fetal liver and subsequently the bone marrow. Primitive and definitive erythropoiesis are derived from endothelial identity precursors with distinct developmental origins. Although they share prototypical transcriptional regulation, primitive and definitive erythropoiesis are also characterized by distinct lineage-specific factors. The exquisitely timed, sequential production of primitive and definitive erythroid cells is necessary for the survival and growth of the mammalian embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
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2
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Agrawal H, Mehatre SH, Khurana S. The hematopoietic stem cell expansion niche in fetal liver: Current state of the art and the way forward. Exp Hematol 2024; 136:104585. [PMID: 39068980 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic development goes through a number of embryonic sites that host hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells with function required at specific developmental stages. Among embryonic sites, the fetal liver (FL) hosts definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) capable of engrafting adult hematopoietic system and supports their rapid expansion. Hence, this site provides an excellent model to understand the cellular and molecular components of the machinery involved in HSC-proliferative events, leading to their overall expansion. It has been unequivocally established that extrinsic regulators orchestrate events that maintain HSC function. Although most studies on extrinsic regulation of HSC function are targeted at adult bone marrow (BM) hematopoiesis, little is known about how FL HSC function is regulated by their microniche. This review provides the current state of our understanding on molecular and cellular niche factors that support FL hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Agrawal
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Shubham Haribhau Mehatre
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Satish Khurana
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India..
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3
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Sommer A, Gomez Perdiguero E. Extraembryonic hematopoietic lineages-to macrophages and beyond. Exp Hematol 2024; 136:104285. [PMID: 39053841 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The first blood and immune cells in vertebrates emerge in the extraembryonic yolk sac. Throughout the last century, it has become evident that this extraembryonic tissue gives rise to transient primitive and definitive hematopoiesis but not hematopoietic stem cells. More recently, studies have elucidated that yolk sac-derived blood and immune cells are present far longer than originally expected. These cells take over essential roles for the survival and proper organogenesis of the developing fetus up until birth. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings and views on extraembryonic hematopoiesis in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sommer
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells Unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells Unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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4
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Nakai R, Yokota T, Tokunaga M, Takaishi M, Yokomizo T, Sudo T, Shi H, Yasumizu Y, Okuzaki D, Kokubu C, Tanaka S, Takaoka K, Yamanishi A, Yoshida J, Watanabe H, Kondoh G, Horie K, Hosen N, Sano S, Takeda J. A newly identified gene Ahed plays essential roles in murine haematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5090. [PMID: 38918373 PMCID: PMC11199565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of haematopoiesis involves the coordinated action of numerous genes, some of which are implicated in haematological malignancies. However, the biological function of many genes remains elusive and unknown functional genes are likely to remain to be uncovered. Here, we report a previously uncharacterised gene in haematopoiesis, identified by screening mutant embryonic stem cells. The gene, 'attenuated haematopoietic development (Ahed)', encodes a nuclear protein. Conditional knockout (cKO) of Ahed results in anaemia from embryonic day 14.5 onward, leading to prenatal demise. Transplantation experiments demonstrate the incapacity of Ahed-deficient haematopoietic cells to reconstitute haematopoiesis in vivo. Employing a tamoxifen-inducible cKO model, we further reveal that Ahed deletion impairs the intrinsic capacity of haematopoietic cells in adult mice. Ahed deletion affects various pathways, and published databases present cancer patients with somatic mutations in Ahed. Collectively, our findings underscore the fundamental roles of Ahed in lifelong haematopoiesis, implicating its association with malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuko Nakai
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yokota
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Haematology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Tokunaga
- Department of Haematology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, 564-0018, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mikiro Takaishi
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Tomomasa Yokomizo
- Department of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takao Sudo
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Haematology, National Hospital Organisation Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Henyun Shi
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasumizu
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Centre, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Genome Information Research Centre, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chikara Kokubu
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Tanaka
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Takaoka
- Developmental Genetics Group, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayako Yamanishi
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junko Yoshida
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hitomi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Animal Experiments for Regeneration, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Gen Kondoh
- Laboratory of Animal Experiments for Regeneration, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kyoji Horie
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Naoki Hosen
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Centre, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Junji Takeda
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Monticelli S, Sommer A, AlHajj Hassan Z, Garcia Rodriguez C, Adé K, Cattenoz P, Delaporte C, Gomez Perdiguero E, Giangrande A. Early-wave macrophages control late hematopoiesis. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1284-1301.e8. [PMID: 38569551 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages constitute the first defense line against the non-self, but their ability to remodel their environment in organ development/homeostasis is starting to be appreciated. Early-wave macrophages (EMs), produced from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-independent progenitors, seed the mammalian fetal liver niche wherein HSCs expand and differentiate. The involvement of niche defects in myeloid malignancies led us to identify the cues controlling HSCs. In Drosophila, HSC-independent EMs also colonize the larva when late hematopoiesis occurs. The evolutionarily conserved immune system allowed us to investigate whether/how EMs modulate late hematopoiesis in two models. We show that loss of EMs in Drosophila and mice accelerates late hematopoiesis, which does not correlate with inflammation and does not rely on macrophage phagocytic ability. Rather, EM-derived extracellular matrix components underlie late hematopoiesis acceleration. This demonstrates a developmental role for EMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monticelli
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Alina Sommer
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zeinab AlHajj Hassan
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Clarisabel Garcia Rodriguez
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kémy Adé
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cattenoz
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Claude Delaporte
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Angela Giangrande
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France.
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6
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Myers G, Sun Y, Wang Y, Benmhammed H, Cui S. Roles of Nuclear Orphan Receptors TR2 and TR4 during Hematopoiesis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:563. [PMID: 38790192 PMCID: PMC11121135 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
TR2 and TR4 (NR2C1 and NR2C2, respectively) are evolutionarily conserved nuclear orphan receptors capable of binding direct repeat sequences in a stage-specific manner. Like other nuclear receptors, TR2 and TR4 possess important roles in transcriptional activation or repression with developmental stage and tissue specificity. TR2 and TR4 bind DNA and possess the ability to complex with available cofactors mediating developmental stage-specific actions in primitive and definitive erythrocytes. In erythropoiesis, TR2 and TR4 are required for erythroid development, maturation, and key erythroid transcription factor regulation. TR2 and TR4 recruit and interact with transcriptional corepressors or coactivators to elicit developmental stage-specific gene regulation during hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greggory Myers
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (G.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanan Sun
- Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Yu Wang
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (G.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hajar Benmhammed
- Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Shuaiying Cui
- Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.S.); (H.B.)
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7
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Li F, Zhu Y, Wang T, Tang J, Huang Y, Gu J, Mai Y, Wang M, Zhang Z, Ning J, Kang B, Wang J, Zhou T, Cui Y, Pan G. Characterization of gene regulatory networks underlying key properties in human hematopoietic stem cell ontogeny. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:9. [PMID: 38630195 PMCID: PMC11024070 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Human hematopoiesis starts at early yolk sac and undergoes site- and stage-specific changes over development. The intrinsic mechanism underlying property changes in hematopoiesis ontogeny remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed single-cell transcriptome of human primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) at different developmental stages, including yolk-sac (YS), AGM, fetal liver (FL), umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult peripheral blood (PB) mobilized HSPCs. These stage-specific HSPCs display differential intrinsic properties, such as metabolism, self-renewal, differentiating potentialities etc. We then generated highly co-related gene regulatory network (GRNs) modules underlying the differential HSC key properties. Particularly, we identified GRNs and key regulators controlling lymphoid potentiality, self-renewal as well as aerobic respiration in human HSCs. Introducing selected regulators promotes key HSC functions in HSPCs derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, GRNs underlying key intrinsic properties of human HSCs provide a valuable guide to generate fully functional HSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yanling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jiaming Gu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yuchan Mai
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Mingquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jiaying Ning
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Baoqiang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yazhou Cui
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Guangjin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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8
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Popravko A, Mackintosh L, Dzierzak E. A life-time of hematopoietic cell function: ascent, stability, and decline. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38439688 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a set of complex processes that occur temporally and continuously. It is generally a unidirectional progression of cellular and molecular changes occurring during the life stages of cells, tissues and ultimately the whole organism. In vertebrate organisms, this begins at conception from the first steps in blastocyst formation, gastrulation, germ layer differentiation, and organogenesis to a continuum of embryonic, fetal, adolescent, adult, and geriatric stages. Tales of the "fountain of youth" and songs of being "forever young" are dominant ideas informing us that growing old is something science should strive to counteract. Here, we discuss the normal life stages of the blood system, particularly the historical recognition of its importance in the early growth stages of vertebrates, and what this means with respect to progressive gain and loss of hematopoietic function in the adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Popravko
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorna Mackintosh
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, UK
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9
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Elsaid R, Mikdache A, Castillo KQ, Salloum Y, Diabangouaya P, Gros G, Feijoo CG, Hernández PP. Definitive hematopoiesis is dispensable to sustain erythrocytes and macrophages during zebrafish ontogeny. iScience 2024; 27:108922. [PMID: 38327794 PMCID: PMC10847700 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In all organisms studied, from flies to humans, blood cells emerge in several sequential waves and from distinct hematopoietic origins. However, the relative contribution of these ontogenetically distinct hematopoietic waves to embryonic blood lineages and to tissue regeneration during development is yet elusive. Here, using a lineage-specific "switch and trace" strategy in the zebrafish embryo, we report that the definitive hematopoietic progeny barely contributes to erythrocytes and macrophages during early development. Lineage tracing further shows that ontogenetically distinct macrophages exhibit differential recruitment to the site of injury based on the developmental stage of the organism. We further demonstrate that primitive macrophages can solely maintain tissue regeneration during early larval developmental stages after selective ablation of definitive macrophages. Our findings highlight that the sequential emergence of hematopoietic waves in embryos ensures the abundance of blood cells required for tissue homeostasis and integrity during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Elsaid
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Aya Mikdache
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Keinis Quintero Castillo
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science, Andres Bello University, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Yazan Salloum
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Patricia Diabangouaya
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Gwendoline Gros
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Carmen G. Feijoo
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Science, Andres Bello University, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Pedro P. Hernández
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
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10
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Yokomizo T, Suda T. Development of the hematopoietic system: expanding the concept of hematopoietic stem cell-independent hematopoiesis. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:161-172. [PMID: 37481335 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) give rise to nearly all blood cell types and play a central role in blood cell production in adulthood. For many years it was assumed that these roles were similarly responsible for driving the formation of the hematopoietic system during the embryonic period. However, detailed analysis of embryonic hematopoiesis has revealed the presence of hematopoietic cells that develop independently of HSCs both before and after HSC generation. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that HSCs are less involved in the production of functioning blood cells during the embryonic period when there is a much higher contribution from HSC-independent hematopoietic processes. We outline the current understanding and arguments for HSC-dependent and -independent hematopoiesis, mainly focusing on mouse ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomasa Yokomizo
- Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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11
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Yeung AK, Villacorta-Martin C, Lindstrom-Vautrin J, Belkina AC, Vanuytsel K, Dowrey TW, Ysasi AB, Bawa P, Wang F, Vrbanac V, Mostoslavsky G, Balazs AB, Murphy GJ. De novo hematopoiesis from the fetal lung. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6898-6912. [PMID: 37729429 PMCID: PMC10685174 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) are specialized cells that undergo endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) to give rise to the earliest precursors of hematopoietic progenitors that will eventually sustain hematopoiesis throughout the lifetime of an organism. Although HECs are thought to be primarily limited to the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) during early development, EHT has been described in various other hematopoietic organs and embryonic vessels. Though not defined as a hematopoietic organ, the lung houses many resident hematopoietic cells, aids in platelet biogenesis, and is a reservoir for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, lung HECs have never been described. Here, we demonstrate that the fetal lung is a potential source of HECs that have the functional capacity to undergo EHT to produce de novo HSPCs and their resultant progeny. Explant cultures of murine and human fetal lungs display adherent endothelial cells transitioning into floating hematopoietic cells, accompanied by the gradual loss of an endothelial signature. Flow cytometric and functional assessment of fetal-lung explants showed the production of multipotent HSPCs that expressed the EHT and pre-HSPC markers EPCR, CD41, CD43, and CD44. scRNA-seq and small molecule modulation demonstrated that fetal lung HECs rely on canonical signaling pathways to undergo EHT, including TGFβ/BMP, Notch, and YAP. Collectively, these data support the possibility that post-AGM development, functional HECs are present in the fetal lung, establishing this location as a potential extramedullary site of de novo hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K. Yeung
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Anna C. Belkina
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Kim Vanuytsel
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Todd W. Dowrey
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Alexandra B. Ysasi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Pushpinder Bawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Feiya Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Gustavo Mostoslavsky
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - George J. Murphy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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12
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Larsson SM, Ulinder T, Rakow A, Vanpee M, Wackernagel D, Sävman K, Hansen-Pupp I, Hellström A, Ley D, Andersson O. Hyper high haemoglobin content in red blood cells and erythropoietic transitions postnatally in infants of 22 to 26 weeks' gestation: a prospective cohort study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2023; 108:612-616. [PMID: 37169579 PMCID: PMC10646872 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2022-325248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood cell populations, including red blood cells (RBC) unique to the extremely preterm (EPT) infant, are potentially lost due to frequent clinical blood sampling during neonatal intensive care. Currently, neonatal RBC population heterogeneity is not described by measurement of total haemoglobin or haematocrit. We therefore aimed to describe a subpopulation of large RBCs with hyper high haemoglobin content, >49 pg (Hyper-He) following EPT birth. DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING Two Swedish study centres. PARTICIPANTS Infants (n=62) born between gestational weeks 22+0 to 26+6. METHODS Prospective data (n=280) were collected from March 2020 to September 2022 as part of an ongoing randomised controlled trial. Blood was sampled from the umbilical cord, at postnatal day 1-14, 1 month, 40 weeks' postmenstrual age and at 3 months' corrected age. RESULTS At birth, there was a considerable inter-individual variation; Hyper-He ranging from 1.5% to 24.9% (median 7.0%). An inverse association with birth weight and gestational age was observed; Spearman's rho (CI) -0.38 (-0.63 to -0.07) and -0.39 (-0.65 to -0.05), respectively. Overall, Hyper-He rapidly decreased, only 0.6%-5.0% (median 2.2%) remaining 2 weeks postnatally. Adult levels (<1%) were reached at corresponding term age. CONCLUSION Our results point to gestational age and birth weight-dependent properties of the RBC population. Future work needs to verify results by different measurement techniques and elucidate the potential role of differing properties between endogenous and transfused RBCs in relation to neonatal morbidities during this important time frame of child development. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04239690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marie Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of Halland, Varberg/Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Tommy Ulinder
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alexander Rakow
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mireille Vanpee
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dirk Wackernagel
- Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Johannes von Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karin Sävman
- Department of Paediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Hansen-Pupp
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Hellström
- The Sahlgrenska Centre for Paediatric Ophtalmology Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Ley
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Andersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
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13
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Omata Y, Tachibana H, Aizaki Y, Mimura T, Sato K. Essentiality of Nfatc1 short isoform in osteoclast differentiation and its self-regulation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18797. [PMID: 37914750 PMCID: PMC10620225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During osteoclast differentiation, the expression of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cell 1 (Nfatc1) increases in an autoproliferative manner. Nfatc1 isoforms are of three sizes, and only the short isoform increases during osteoclast differentiation. Genetic ablation of the whole Nfatc1 gene demonstrated that it is essential for osteoclastogenesis; however, the specific role of the Nfatc1 short form (Nfatc1/αA) remains unknown. In this study, we engineered Nfatc1 short form-specific knockout mice and found that these mice died in utero by day 13.5. We developed a novel osteoclast culture system in which hematopoietic stem cells were cultured, proliferated, and then differentiated into osteoclasts in vitro. Using this system, we show that the Nfatc1/αA isoform is essential for osteoclastogenesis and is responsible for the expression of various osteoclast markers, the Nfatc1 short form itself, and Nfatc1 regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Omata
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tachibana
- Department of Rheumatology, Akiru Municipal Medical Center, 78-1 Hikita, Akiruno, Tokyo, 197-0834, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Aizaki
- Department of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Toshihide Mimura
- Department of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Kojiro Sato
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
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14
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Peixoto MM, Soares-da-Silva F, Bonnet V, Ronteix G, Santos RF, Mailhe MP, Feng X, Pereira JP, Azzoni E, Anselmi G, de Bruijn M, Baroud CN, Pinto-do-Ó P, Cumano A. Spatiotemporal dynamics of cytokines expression dictate fetal liver hematopoiesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554612. [PMID: 37662317 PMCID: PMC10473721 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, yolk-sac and intra-embryonic-derived hematopoietic progenitors, comprising the precursors of adult hematopoietic stem cells, converge into the fetal liver. With a new staining strategy, we defined all non-hematopoietic components of the fetal liver and found that hepatoblasts are the major producers of hematopoietic growth factors. We identified mesothelial cells, a novel component of the stromal compartment, producing Kit ligand, a major hematopoietic cytokine. A high-definition imaging dataset analyzed using a deep-learning based pipeline allowed the unambiguous identification of hematopoietic and stromal populations, and enabled determining a neighboring network composition, at the single cell resolution. Throughout active hematopoiesis, progenitors preferentially associate with hepatoblasts, but not with stellate or endothelial cells. We found that, unlike yolk sac-derived progenitors, intra-embryonic progenitors respond to a chemokine gradient created by CXCL12-producing stellate cells. These results revealed that FL hematopoiesis is a spatiotemporal dynamic process, defined by an environment characterized by low cytokine concentrations.
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15
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Calvanese V, Mikkola HKA. The genesis of human hematopoietic stem cells. Blood 2023; 142:519-532. [PMID: 37339578 PMCID: PMC10447622 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental hematopoiesis consists of multiple, partially overlapping hematopoietic waves that generate the differentiated blood cells required for embryonic development while establishing a pool of undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for postnatal life. This multilayered design in which active hematopoiesis migrates through diverse extra and intraembryonic tissues has made it difficult to define a roadmap for generating HSCs vs non-self-renewing progenitors, especially in humans. Recent single-cell studies have helped in identifying the rare human HSCs at stages when functional assays are unsuitable for distinguishing them from progenitors. This approach has made it possible to track the origin of human HSCs to the unique type of arterial endothelium in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and document novel benchmarks for HSC migration and maturation in the conceptus. These studies have delivered new insights into the intricate process of HSC generation and provided tools to inform the in vitro efforts to replicate the physiological developmental journey from pluripotent stem cells via distinct mesodermal and endothelial intermediates to HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Calvanese
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hanna K. A. Mikkola
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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16
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Barone C, Orsenigo R, Cazzola A, D'Errico E, Patelli A, Quattrini G, Vergani B, Bombelli S, De Marco S, D'Orlando C, Bianchi C, Leone BE, Meneveri R, Biondi A, Cazzaniga G, Rabbitts TH, Brunelli S, Azzoni E. Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC)-Independent Progenitors Are Susceptible to Mll-Af9-Induced Leukemic Transformation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3624. [PMID: 37509285 PMCID: PMC10377085 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Infant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease, genetically distinct from its adult counterpart. Chromosomal translocations involving the KMT2A gene (MLL) are especially common in affected infants of less than 1 year of age, and are associated with a dismal prognosis. While these rearrangements are likely to arise in utero, the cell of origin has not been conclusively identified. This knowledge could lead to a better understanding of the biology of the disease and support the identification of new therapeutic vulnerabilities. Over the last few years, important progress in understanding the dynamics of fetal hematopoiesis has been made. Several reports have highlighted how hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) provide little contribution to fetal hematopoiesis, which is instead largely sustained by HSC-independent progenitors. Here, we used conditional Cre-Lox transgenic mouse models to engineer the Mll-Af9 translocation in defined subsets of embryonic hematopoietic progenitors. We show that embryonic hematopoiesis is generally permissive for Mll-Af9-induced leukemic transformation. Surprisingly, the selective introduction of Mll-Af9 in HSC-independent progenitors generated a transplantable myeloid leukemia, whereas it did not when introduced in embryonic HSC-derived cells. Ex vivo engineering of the Mll-Af9 rearrangement in HSC-independent progenitors using a CRISPR/Cas9-based approach resulted in the activation of an aberrant myeloid-biased self-renewal program. Overall, our results demonstrate that HSC-independent hematopoietic progenitors represent a permissive environment for Mll-Af9-induced leukemic transformation, and can likely act as cells of origin of infant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Barone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Orsenigo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Cazzola
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Elisabetta D'Errico
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Arianna Patelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia Quattrini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Barbara Vergani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Bombelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Sofia De Marco
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina D'Orlando
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bianchi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Biagio Eugenio Leone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Raffaella Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Centro Tettamanti, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Terence Howard Rabbitts
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Silvia Brunelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuele Azzoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
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17
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Schippel N, Sharma S. Dynamics of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation to the erythroid lineage. Exp Hematol 2023; 123:1-17. [PMID: 37172755 PMCID: PMC10330572 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoiesis, the development of erythrocytes from hematopoietic stem cells, occurs through four phases: erythroid progenitor (EP) development, early erythropoiesis, terminal erythroid differentiation (TED), and maturation. According to the classical model that is based on immunophenotypic profiles of cell populations, each of these phases comprises multiple differentiation states that arise in a hierarchical manner. After segregation of lymphoid potential, erythroid priming begins during progenitor development and progresses through progenitor cell types that have multilineage potential. Complete separation of the erythroid lineage is achieved during early erythropoiesis with the formation of unipotent EPs: burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-erythroid. These erythroid-committed progenitors undergo TED and maturation, which involves expulsion of the nucleus and remodeling to form functional biconcave, hemoglobin-filled erythrocytes. In the last decade or so, many studies employing advanced techniques such as single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) as well as the conventional methods, including colony-forming cell assays and immunophenotyping, have revealed heterogeneity within the stem, progenitor, and erythroblast stages, and uncovered alternate paths for segregation of erythroid lineage potential. In this review, we provide an in-depth account of immunophenotypic profiles of all cell types within erythropoiesis, highlight studies that demonstrate heterogeneous erythroid stages, and describe deviations to the classical model of erythropoiesis. Overall, although scRNA-seq approaches have provided new insights, flow cytometry remains relevant and is the primary method for validation of novel immunophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Schippel
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ.
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18
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Ceccacci E, Villa E, Santoro F, Minucci S, Ruhrberg C, Fantin A. A Refined Single Cell Landscape of Haematopoiesis in the Mouse Foetal Liver. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:15. [PMID: 37092477 PMCID: PMC10123705 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
During prenatal life, the foetal liver is colonised by several waves of haematopoietic progenitors to act as the main haematopoietic organ. Single cell (sc) RNA-seq has been used to identify foetal liver cell types via their transcriptomic signature and to compare gene expression patterns as haematopoietic development proceeds. To obtain a refined single cell landscape of haematopoiesis in the foetal liver, we have generated a scRNA-seq dataset from a whole mouse E12.5 liver that includes a larger number of cells than prior datasets at this stage and was obtained without cell type preselection to include all liver cell populations. We combined mining of this dataset with that of previously published datasets at other developmental stages to follow transcriptional dynamics as well as the cell cycle state of developing haematopoietic lineages. Our findings corroborate several prior reports on the timing of liver colonisation by haematopoietic progenitors and the emergence of differentiated lineages and provide further molecular characterisation of each cell population. Extending these findings, we demonstrate the existence of a foetal intermediate haemoglobin profile in the mouse, similar to that previously identified in humans, and a previously unidentified population of primitive erythroid cells in the foetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Villa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Santoro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Alessandro Fantin
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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19
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Buoninfante OA, Pilzecker B, Spanjaard A, de Groot D, Prekovic S, Song JY, Lieftink C, Ayidah M, Pritchard CEJ, Vivié J, Mcgrath KE, Huijbers IJ, Philipsen S, von Lindern M, Zwart W, Beijersbergen R, Palis J, van den Berk PCM, Jacobs H. Mammalian life depends on two distinct pathways of DNA damage tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216055120. [PMID: 36669105 PMCID: PMC9942833 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216055120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage threatens genomic integrity and instigates stem cell failure. To bypass genotoxic lesions during replication, cells employ DNA damage tolerance (DDT), which is regulated via PCNA ubiquitination and REV1. DDT is conserved in all domains of life, yet its relevance in mammals remains unclear. Here, we show that inactivation of both PCNA-ubiquitination and REV1 results in embryonic and adult lethality, and the accumulation of DNA damage in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) that ultimately resulted in their depletion. Our results reveal the crucial relevance of DDT in the maintenance of stem cell compartments and mammalian life in unperturbed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bas Pilzecker
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Spanjaard
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël de Groot
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Prekovic
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, 3584 CXUtrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ji-Ying Song
- Division of Experimental Animal Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cor Lieftink
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute Robotics and Screening Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matilda Ayidah
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin E. J. Pritchard
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging Research, Transgenic Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Vivié
- Hubrecht Institute-Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 3584 CTUtrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen E. Mcgrath
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY14642
| | - Ivo J. Huijbers
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging Research, Transgenic Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015CNRotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke von Lindern
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratories, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roderick L. Beijersbergen
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute Robotics and Screening Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY14642
| | - Paul C. M. van den Berk
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CXAmsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Vade-MECOM: How to peel back the layers of hematopoiesis. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1512-1514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Peixoto MM, Soares‐da‐Silva F, Schmutz S, Mailhe M, Novault S, Cumano A, Ait‐Mansour C. Identification of fetal liver stroma in spectral cytometry using the parameter autofluorescence. Cytometry A 2022; 101:960-969. [PMID: 35491762 PMCID: PMC9790487 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The fetal liver (FL) is the main hematopoietic organ during embryonic development. The FL is also the unique anatomical site where hematopoietic stem cells expand before colonizing the bone marrow, where they ensure life-long blood cell production and become mostly resting. The identification of the different cell types that comprise the hematopoietic stroma in the FL is essential to understand the signals required for the expansion and differentiation of the hematopoietic stem cells. We used a panel of monoclonal antibodies to identify FL stromal cells in a 5-laser equipped spectral flow cytometry (FCM) analyzer. The "Autofluorescence Finder" of SONY ID7000 software identified two distinct autofluorescence emission spectra. Using autofluorescence as a fluorescence parameter we could assign the two autofluorescent signals to three distinct cell types and identified surface markers that characterize these populations. We found that one autofluorescent population corresponds to hepatoblast-like cells and cholangiocytes whereas the other expresses mesenchymal transcripts and was identified as stellate cells. Importantly, after birth, autofluorescence becomes the unique identifying property of hepatoblast-like cells because mature cholangiocytes are no longer autofluorescent. These results show that autofluorescence used as a parameter in spectral FCM is a useful tool to identify new cell subsets that are difficult to analyze in conventional FCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Mesquita Peixoto
- Immunology DepartmentUnit Lymphocytes and Immunity, Institut PasteurParisFrance,INSERM U1223ParisFrance,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal,Instituto Nacional de Engenharia BiomédicaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Francisca Soares‐da‐Silva
- Immunology DepartmentUnit Lymphocytes and Immunity, Institut PasteurParisFrance,INSERM U1223ParisFrance,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | | | - Marie‐Pierre Mailhe
- Immunology DepartmentUnit Lymphocytes and Immunity, Institut PasteurParisFrance,INSERM U1223ParisFrance,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Sophie Novault
- Flow cytometry core facility, CRT2, Institut PasteurParisFrance
| | - Ana Cumano
- Immunology DepartmentUnit Lymphocytes and Immunity, Institut PasteurParisFrance,INSERM U1223ParisFrance,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
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22
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Azzoni E, Fantin A. Fetal liver hematopoiesis revisited: a precast hierarchy. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:872-873. [PMID: 36605232 PMCID: PMC7614020 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Late fetal liver hematopoiesis was thought to primarily rely on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Using new genetic-tracing tools, a study shows that EVI1-positive HSCs mainly undergo expansion in the fetal liver, while differentiated blood cell production depends on HSC-independent intermediate hematopoietic progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Azzoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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23
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RNA-regulatory exosome complex suppresses an apoptotic program to confer erythroid progenitor cell survival in vivo. Blood Adv 2022; 7:586-601. [PMID: 36161469 PMCID: PMC9984454 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA-regulatory exosome complex (EC) posttranscriptionally and cotranscriptionally processes and degrades RNAs in a context-dependent manner. Although the EC functions in diverse cell types, its contributions to stem and progenitor cell development are not well understood. Previously, we demonstrated that the transcriptional regulator of erythrocyte development, GATA1, represses EC subunit genes, and the EC maintains erythroid progenitors in vitro. To determine if this mechanism operates in vivo, we used the hematopoietic-specific Vav1-Cre and "conditional by inversion" mouse system to ablate Exosc3, encoding an EC structural subunit. Although Exosc3C/C Cre+ embryos developed normally until embryonic day 14.5, Exosc3 ablation was embryonic lethal and severely reduced erythromyeloid progenitor activity. RNA sequencing analysis of Exosc3-ablated burst-forming unit-erythroid revealed elevated transcripts encoding multiple proapoptotic factors, and the mutant erythroid progenitors exhibited increased apoptosis. We propose that the EC controls an ensemble of apoptosis-regulatory RNAs, thereby promoting erythroid progenitor survival and developmental erythropoiesis in vivo.
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24
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Yokomizo T, Ideue T, Morino-Koga S, Tham CY, Sato T, Takeda N, Kubota Y, Kurokawa M, Komatsu N, Ogawa M, Araki K, Osato M, Suda T. Independent origins of fetal liver haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Nature 2022; 609:779-784. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Tacconi C, Plein A, Colletto C, Villa E, Denti L, Barone C, Javanmardi Y, Moeendarbary E, Azzoni E, Fantin A, Ruhrberg C. KIT is dispensable for physiological organ vascularisation in the embryo. Angiogenesis 2022; 25:343-353. [PMID: 35416527 PMCID: PMC9249691 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels form vast networks in all vertebrate organs to sustain tissue growth, repair and homeostatic metabolism, but they also contribute to a range of diseases with neovascularisation. It is, therefore, important to define the molecular mechanisms that underpin blood vessel growth. The receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is required for the normal expansion of hematopoietic progenitors that arise during embryogenesis from hemogenic endothelium in the yolk sac and dorsal aorta. Additionally, KIT has been reported to be expressed in endothelial cells during embryonic brain vascularisation and has been implicated in pathological angiogenesis. However, it is neither known whether KIT expression is widespread in normal organ endothelium nor whether it promotes blood vessel growth in developing organs. Here, we have used single-cell analyses to show that KIT is expressed in endothelial cell subsets of several organs, both in the adult and in the developing embryo. Knockout mouse analyses revealed that KIT is dispensable for vascularisation of growing organs in the midgestation embryo, including the lung, liver and brain. By contrast, vascular changes emerged during late-stage embryogenesis in these organs from KIT-deficient embryos, concurrent with severe erythrocyte deficiency and growth retardation. These findings suggest that KIT is not required for developmental tissue vascularisation in physiological conditions, but that KIT deficiency causes foetal anaemia at late gestation and thereby pathological vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Tacconi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Plein
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Chiara Colletto
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Villa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Denti
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Cristiana Barone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Yousef Javanmardi
- UCL Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emad Moeendarbary
- UCL Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emanuele Azzoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fantin
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
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26
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Liver Regeneration by Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Have We Reached the End of the Road? Cells 2022; 11:cells11152312. [PMID: 35954155 PMCID: PMC9367594 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the organ with the highest regenerative capacity in the human body. However, various insults, including viral infections, alcohol or drug abuse, and metabolic overload, may cause chronic inflammation and fibrosis, leading to irreversible liver dysfunction. Despite advances in surgery and pharmacological treatments, liver diseases remain a leading cause of death worldwide. To address the shortage of donor liver organs for orthotopic liver transplantation, cell therapy in liver disease has emerged as a promising regenerative treatment. Sources include primary hepatocytes or functional hepatocytes generated from the reprogramming of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Different types of stem cells have also been employed for transplantation to trigger regeneration, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as well as adult and fetal liver progenitor cells. HSCs, usually defined by the expression of CD34 and CD133, and MSCs, defined by the expression of CD105, CD73, and CD90, are attractive sources due to their autologous nature, ease of isolation and cryopreservation. The present review focuses on the use of bone marrow HSCs for liver regeneration, presenting evidence for an ongoing crosstalk between the hematopoietic and the hepatic system. This relationship commences during embryogenesis when the fetal liver emerges as the crossroads between the two systems converging the presence of different origins of cells (mesoderm and endoderm) in the same organ. Ample evidence indicates that the fetal liver supports the maturation and expansion of HSCs during development but also later on in life. Moreover, the fact that the adult liver remains one of the few sites for extramedullary hematopoiesis—albeit pathological—suggests that this relationship between the two systems is ongoing. Can, however, the hematopoietic system offer similar support to the liver? The majority of clinical studies using hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with liver disease report favourable observations. The underlying mechanism—whether paracrine, fusion or transdifferentiation or a combination of the three—remains to be confirmed.
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27
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Liu K, Jin H, Tang M, Zhang S, Tian X, Zhang M, Han X, Liu X, Tang J, Pu W, Li Y, He L, Yang Z, Lui KO, Zhou B. Lineage tracing clarifies the cellular origin of tissue-resident macrophages in the developing heart. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213182. [PMID: 35482005 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages play essential functions in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and repair. Recently, the endocardium has been reported as a de novo hemogenic site for the contribution of hematopoietic cells, including cardiac macrophages, during embryogenesis. These observations challenge the current consensus that hematopoiesis originates from the hemogenic endothelium within the yolk sac and dorsal aorta. Whether the developing endocardium has such a hemogenic potential requires further investigation. Here, we generated new genetic tools to trace endocardial cells and reassessed their potential contribution to hematopoietic cells in the developing heart. Fate-mapping analyses revealed that the endocardium contributed minimally to cardiac macrophages and circulating blood cells. Instead, cardiac macrophages were mainly derived from the endothelium during primitive/transient definitive (yolk sac) and definitive (dorsal aorta) hematopoiesis. Our findings refute the concept of endocardial hematopoiesis, suggesting that the developing endocardium gives rise minimally to hematopoietic cells, including cardiac macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Liu
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Muxue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Embryonic Origins of the Hematopoietic System: Hierarchies and Heterogeneity. Hemasphere 2022; 6:e737. [PMID: 35647488 PMCID: PMC9132533 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hierarchical framework of the adult blood system as we know it from current medical and hematology textbooks, displays a linear branching network of dividing and differentiated cells essential for the growth and maintenance of the healthy organism. This view of the hierarchy has evolved over the last 75 years. An amazing increase in cellular complexity has been realized; however, innovative single-cell technologies continue to uncover essential cell types and functions in animal models and the human blood system. The most potent cell of the hematopoietic hierarchy is the hematopoietic stem cell. Stem cells for adult tissues are the long-lived self-renewing cellular component, which ensure that differentiated tissue-specific cells are maintained and replaced through the entire adult lifespan. Although much blood research is focused on hematopoietic tissue homeostasis, replacement and regeneration during adult life, embryological studies have widened and enriched our understanding of additional developmental hierarchies and interacting cells of this life-sustaining tissue. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of the hierarchical organization and the vast heterogeneity of the hematopoietic system from embryonic to adult stages.
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29
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Freyer L, Lallemand Y, Dardenne P, Sommer A, Biton A, Gomez Perdiguero E. Erythro-myeloid progenitor origin of Hofbauer cells in the early mouse placenta. Development 2022; 149:dev200104. [PMID: 35438172 PMCID: PMC9124577 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are tissue macrophages of the placenta thought to be important for fetoplacental vascular development and innate immune protection. The developmental origins of HBCs remain unresolved and could implicate functional diversity of HBCs in placenta development and disease. In this study, we used flow cytometry and paternally inherited reporters to phenotype placenta macrophages and to identify fetal-derived HBCs and placenta-associated maternal macrophages in the mouse. In vivo pulse-labeling traced the ontogeny of HBCs from yolk sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors, with a minor contribution from fetal hematopoietic stem cells later on. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed transcriptional similarities between placenta macrophages and erythro-myeloid progenitor-derived fetal liver macrophages and microglia. As with other fetal tissue macrophages, HBCs were dependent on the transcription factor Pu.1, the loss-of-function of which in embryos disrupted fetoplacental labyrinth morphology, supporting a role for HBC in labyrinth angiogenesis and/or remodeling. HBC were also sensitive to Pu.1 (Spi1) haploinsufficiency, which caused an initial deficiency in the numbers of macrophages in the early mouse placenta. These results provide groundwork for future investigation into the relationship between HBC ontogeny and function in placenta pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laina Freyer
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yvan Lallemand
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Dardenne
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alina Sommer
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne Biton
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
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30
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Mapping human haematopoietic stem cells from haemogenic endothelium to birth. Nature 2022; 604:534-540. [PMID: 35418685 PMCID: PMC9645817 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The ontogeny of human haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is poorly defined owing to the inability to identify HSCs as they emerge and mature at different haematopoietic sites1. Here we created a single-cell transcriptome map of human haematopoietic tissues from the first trimester to birth and found that the HSC signature RUNX1+HOXA9+MLLT3+MECOM+HLF+SPINK2+ distinguishes HSCs from progenitors throughout gestation. In addition to the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, nascent HSCs populated the placenta and yolk sac before colonizing the liver at 6 weeks. A comparison of HSCs at different maturation stages revealed the establishment of HSC transcription factor machinery after the emergence of HSCs, whereas their surface phenotype evolved throughout development. The HSC transition to the liver marked a molecular shift evidenced by suppression of surface antigens reflecting nascent HSC identity, and acquisition of the HSC maturity markers CD133 (encoded by PROM1) and HLA-DR. HSC origin was tracked to ALDH1A1+KCNK17+ haemogenic endothelial cells, which arose from an IL33+ALDH1A1+ arterial endothelial subset termed pre-haemogenic endothelial cells. Using spatial transcriptomics and immunofluorescence, we visualized this process in ventrally located intra-aortic haematopoietic clusters. The in vivo map of human HSC ontogeny validated the generation of aorta-gonad-mesonephros-like definitive haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells, and serves as a guide to improve their maturation to functional HSCs.
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31
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Watt SM. The long and winding road: homeostatic and disordered haematopoietic microenvironmental niches: a narrative review. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2022; 3:31-54. [PMID: 35837343 PMCID: PMC9255786 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic microenvironmental niches have been described as the 'gatekeepers' for the blood and immune systems. These niches change during ontogeny, with the bone marrow becoming the predominant site of haematopoiesis in post-natal life under steady state conditions. To determine the structure and function of different haematopoietic microenvironmental niches, it is essential to clearly define specific haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell subsets during ontogeny and to understand their temporal appearance and anatomical positioning. A variety of haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cells contribute to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niches. The latter is reported to include endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), skeletal stem cells and/or C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-abundant-reticular cell populations, which form crucial components of these microenvironments under homeostatic conditions. Dysregulation or deterioration of such cells contributes to significant clinical disorders and diseases worldwide and is associated with the ageing process. A critical appraisal of these issues and of the roles of MSC/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-abundant-reticular cells and the more recently identified skeletal stem cell subsets in bone marrow haematopoietic niche function under homeostatic conditions and during ageing will form the basis of this research review. In the context of haematopoiesis, clinical translation will deal with lessons learned from the vast experience garnered from the development and use of MSC therapies to treat graft versus host disease in the context of allogeneic haematopoietic transplants, the recent application of these MSC therapies to treating emerging and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, and, given that skeletal stem cell ageing is one proposed driver for haematopoietic ageing, the potential contributions of these stem cells to haematopoiesis in healthy bone marrow and the benefits and challenges of using this knowledge for rejuvenating the age-compromised bone marrow haematopoietic niches and restoring haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
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32
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Watt SM, Hua P, Roberts I. Increasing Complexity of Molecular Landscapes in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells during Development and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3675. [PMID: 35409034 PMCID: PMC8999121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The past five decades have seen significant progress in our understanding of human hematopoiesis. This has in part been due to the unprecedented development of advanced technologies, which have allowed the identification and characterization of rare subsets of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and their lineage trajectories from embryonic through to adult life. Additionally, surrogate in vitro and in vivo models, although not fully recapitulating human hematopoiesis, have spurred on these scientific advances. These approaches have heightened our knowledge of hematological disorders and diseases and have led to their improved diagnosis and therapies. Here, we review human hematopoiesis at each end of the age spectrum, during embryonic and fetal development and on aging, providing exemplars of recent progress in deciphering the increasingly complex cellular and molecular hematopoietic landscapes in health and disease. This review concludes by highlighting links between chronic inflammation and metabolic and epigenetic changes associated with aging and in the development of clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9BQ, UK
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Peng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Irene Roberts
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
- Department of Paediatrics and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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33
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Magalhaes MS, Potter HG, Ahlback A, Gentek R. Developmental programming of macrophages by early life adversity. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 368:213-259. [PMID: 35636928 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are central elements of all organs, where they have a multitude of physiological and pathological functions. The first macrophages are produced during fetal development, and most adult organs retain populations of fetal-derived macrophages that self-maintain without major input of hematopoietic stem cell-derived monocytes. Their developmental origins make macrophages highly susceptible to environmental perturbations experienced in early life, in particular the fetal period. It is now well recognized that such adverse developmental conditions contribute to a wide range of diseases later in life. This chapter explores the notion that macrophages are key targets of environmental adversities during development, and mediators of their long-term impact on health and disease. We first briefly summarize our current understanding of macrophage ontogeny and their biology in tissues and consider potential mechanisms by which environmental stressors may mediate fetal programming. We then review evidence for programming of macrophages by adversities ranging from maternal immune activation and diet to environmental pollutants and toxins, which have disease relevance for different organ systems. Throughout this chapter, we contemplate appropriate experimental strategies to study macrophage programming. We conclude by discussing how our current knowledge of macrophage programming could be conceptualized, and finally highlight open questions in the field and approaches to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene S Magalhaes
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Harry G Potter
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Ahlback
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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34
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Barone C, Orsenigo R, Meneveri R, Brunelli S, Azzoni E. One Size Does Not Fit All: Heterogeneity in Developmental Hematopoiesis. Cells 2022; 11:1061. [PMID: 35326511 PMCID: PMC8947200 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge of the complexity of the developing hematopoietic system has dramatically expanded over the course of the last few decades. We now know that, while hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) firmly reside at the top of the adult hematopoietic hierarchy, multiple HSC-independent progenitor populations play variegated and fundamental roles during fetal life, which reflect on adult physiology and can lead to disease if subject to perturbations. The importance of obtaining a high-resolution picture of the mechanisms by which the developing embryo establishes a functional hematopoietic system is demonstrated by many recent indications showing that ontogeny is a primary determinant of function of multiple critical cell types. This review will specifically focus on exploring the diversity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells unique to embryonic and fetal life. We will initially examine the evidence demonstrating heterogeneity within the hemogenic endothelium, precursor to all definitive hematopoietic cells. Next, we will summarize the dynamics and characteristics of the so-called "hematopoietic waves" taking place during vertebrate development. For each of these waves, we will define the cellular identities of their components, the extent and relevance of their respective contributions as well as potential drivers of heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Emanuele Azzoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (C.B.); (R.O.); (R.M.); (S.B.)
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35
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Dignum T, Varnum-Finney B, Srivatsan SR, Dozono S, Waltner O, Heck AM, Ishida T, Nourigat-McKay C, Jackson DL, Rafii S, Trapnell C, Bernstein ID, Hadland B. Multipotent progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells arise independently from hemogenic endothelium in the mouse embryo. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109675. [PMID: 34525376 PMCID: PMC8478150 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryogenesis, waves of hematopoietic progenitors develop from hemogenic endothelium (HE) prior to the emergence of self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although previous studies have shown that yolk-sac-derived erythromyeloid progenitors and HSCs emerge from distinct populations of HE, it remains unknown whether the earliest lymphoid-competent progenitors, multipotent progenitors, and HSCs originate from common HE. In this study, we demonstrate by clonal assays and single-cell transcriptomics that rare HE with functional HSC potential in the early murine embryo are distinct from more abundant HE with multilineage hematopoietic potential that fail to generate HSCs. Specifically, HSC-competent HE are characterized by expression of CXCR4 surface marker and by higher expression of genes tied to arterial programs regulating HSC dormancy and self-renewal. Taken together, these findings suggest a revised model of developmental hematopoiesis in which the initial populations of multipotent progenitors and HSCs arise independently from HE with distinct phenotypic and transcriptional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Dignum
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sanjay R Srivatsan
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Olivia Waltner
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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36
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Ulloa BA, Habbsa SS, Potts KS, Lewis A, McKinstry M, Payne SG, Flores JC, Nizhnik A, Feliz Norberto M, Mosimann C, Bowman TV. Definitive hematopoietic stem cells minimally contribute to embryonic hematopoiesis. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109703. [PMID: 34525360 PMCID: PMC8928453 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are rare cells that arise in the embryo and sustain adult hematopoiesis. Although the functional potential of nascent HSCs is detectable by transplantation, their native contribution during development is unknown, in part due to the overlapping genesis and marker gene expression with other embryonic blood progenitors. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we define gene signatures that distinguish nascent HSCs from embryonic blood progenitors. Applying a lineage-tracing approach to selectively track HSC output in situ, we find significantly delayed lymphomyeloid contribution. An inducible HSC injury model demonstrates a negligible impact on larval lymphomyelopoiesis following HSC depletion. HSCs are not merely dormant at this developmental stage, as they showed robust regeneration after injury. Combined, our findings illuminate that nascent HSCs self-renew but display differentiation latency, while HSC-independent embryonic progenitors sustain developmental hematopoiesis. Understanding these differences could improve de novo generation and expansion of functional HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca A Ulloa
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Samima S Habbsa
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn S Potts
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alana Lewis
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mia McKinstry
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sara G Payne
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Julio C Flores
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anastasia Nizhnik
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria Feliz Norberto
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Teresa V Bowman
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine (Oncology), Bronx, NY, USA.
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37
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Belyavsky A, Petinati N, Drize N. Hematopoiesis during Ontogenesis, Adult Life, and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179231. [PMID: 34502137 PMCID: PMC8430730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the bone marrow of vertebrates, two types of stem cells coexist-hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Hematopoiesis only occurs when these two stem cell types and their descendants interact. The descendants of HSCs supply the body with all the mature blood cells, while MSCs give rise to stromal cells that form a niche for HSCs and regulate the process of hematopoiesis. The studies of hematopoiesis were initially based on morphological observations, later extended by the use of physiological methods, and were subsequently augmented by massive application of sophisticated molecular techniques. The combination of these methods produced a wealth of new data on the organization and functional features of hematopoiesis in the ontogenesis of mammals and humans. This review summarizes the current views on hematopoiesis in mice and humans, discusses the development of blood elements and hematopoiesis in the embryo, and describes how the hematopoietic system works in the adult organism and how it changes during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Belyavsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Nina Drize
- National Research Center for Hematology, 125167 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
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38
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Mack R, Zhang L, Breslin Sj P, Zhang J. The Fetal-to-Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transition and its Role in Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2059-2080. [PMID: 34424480 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As with most organ systems that undergo continuous generation and maturation during the transition from fetal to adult life, the hematopoietic and immune systems also experience dynamic changes. Such changes lead to many unique features in blood cell function and immune responses in early childhood. The blood cells and immune cells in neonates are a mixture of fetal and adult origin due to the co-existence of both fetal and adult types of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs). Fetal blood and immune cells gradually diminish during maturation of the infant and are almost completely replaced by adult types of cells by 3 to 4 weeks after birth in mice. Such features in early childhood are associated with unique features of hematopoietic and immune diseases, such as leukemia, at these developmental stages. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which hematopoietic and immune changes occur throughout ontogeny will provide useful information for the study and treatment of pediatric blood and immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the most recent studies on hematopoietic initiation during early embryonic development, the expansion of both fetal and adult types of HSCs and HPCs in the fetal liver and fetal bone marrow stages, and the shift from fetal to adult hematopoiesis/immunity during neonatal/infant development. We also discuss the contributions of fetal types of HSCs/HPCs to childhood leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Mack
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Peter Breslin Sj
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.,Departments of Molecular/Cellular Physiology and Biology, Loyola University Medical Center and Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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39
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Zhang Y, McGrath KE, Ayoub E, Kingsley PD, Yu H, Fegan K, McGlynn KA, Rudzinskas S, Palis J, Perkins AS. Mds1 CreERT2, an inducible Cre allele specific to adult-repopulating hematopoietic stem cells. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109562. [PMID: 34407416 PMCID: PMC8428393 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic ontogeny consists of two broad programs: an initial hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-independent program followed by HSC-dependent hematopoiesis that sequentially seed the fetal liver and generate blood cells. However, the transition from HSC-independent to HSC-derived hematopoiesis remains poorly characterized. To help resolve this question, we developed Mds1CreERT2 mice, which inducibly express Cre-recombinase in emerging HSCs in the aorta and label long-term adult HSCs, but not HSC-independent yolk-sac-derived primitive or definitive erythromyeloid (EMP) hematopoiesis. Our lineage-tracing studies indicate that HSC-derived erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid progeny significantly expand in the liver and blood stream between E14.5 and E16.5. Additionally, we find that HSCs contribute the majority of F4/80+ macrophages in adult spleen and marrow, in contrast to their limited contribution to macrophage populations in brain, liver, and lungs. The Mds1CreERT2 mouse model will be useful to deconvolute the complexity of hematopoiesis as it unfolds in the embryo and functions postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kathleen E McGrath
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research and Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Edward Ayoub
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Paul D Kingsley
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research and Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kate Fegan
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research and Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kelly A McGlynn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sarah Rudzinskas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - James Palis
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research and Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Archibald S Perkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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40
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Iturri L, Freyer L, Biton A, Dardenne P, Lallemand Y, Gomez Perdiguero E. Megakaryocyte production is sustained by direct differentiation from erythromyeloid progenitors in the yolk sac until midgestation. Immunity 2021; 54:1433-1446.e5. [PMID: 34062116 PMCID: PMC8284597 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extra-embryonic yolk sac contains the first definitive multipotent hematopoietic cells, denominated erythromyeloid progenitors. They originate in situ prior to the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells and give rise to erythroid, monocytes, granulocytes, mast cells and macrophages, the latter in a Myb transcription factor-independent manner. We uncovered here the heterogeneity of yolk sac erythromyeloid progenitors, at the single cell level, and discriminated multipotent from committed progenitors, prior to fetal liver colonization. We identified two temporally distinct megakaryocyte differentiation pathways. The first occurs in the yolk sac, bypasses intermediate bipotent megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors and, similar to the differentiation of macrophages, is Myb-independent. By contrast, the second originates later, from Myb-dependent bipotent progenitors expressing Csf2rb and colonize the fetal liver, where they give rise to megakaryocytes and to large numbers of erythrocytes. Understanding megakaryocyte development is crucial as they play key functions during vascular development, in particular in separating blood and lymphatic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorea Iturri
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laina Freyer
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Biton
- Institut Pasteur, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub (C3BI), Paris, France
| | - Pascal Dardenne
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yvan Lallemand
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.
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41
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Fantin A, Tacconi C, Villa E, Ceccacci E, Denti L, Ruhrberg C. KIT Is Required for Fetal Liver Hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648630. [PMID: 34395414 PMCID: PMC8358609 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mouse embryo, endothelial cell (EC) progenitors almost concomitantly give rise to the first blood vessels in the yolk sac and the large vessels of the embryo proper. Although the first blood cells form in the yolk sac before blood vessels have assembled, consecutive waves of hematopoietic progenitors subsequently bud from hemogenic endothelium located within the wall of yolk sac and large intraembryonic vessels in a process termed endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (endoHT). The receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is required for late embryonic erythropoiesis, but KIT is also expressed in hematopoietic progenitors that arise via endoHT from yolk sac hemogenic endothelium to generate early, transient hematopoietic waves. However, it remains unclear whether KIT has essential roles in early hematopoiesis. Here, we have combined single-cell expression studies with the analysis of knockout mice to show that KIT is dispensable for yolk sac endoHT but required for transient definitive hematopoiesis in the fetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fantin
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Fantin,
| | | | - Emanuela Villa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Denti
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Christiana Ruhrberg,
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