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Silvestri C, Scaini S, Giani L, Ferro M, Nobile M, Caputi M. Theory of Mind: A Brief Review of Candidate Genes. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:717. [PMID: 38927653 PMCID: PMC11203359 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Deficits in theory of mind (ToM), known as the ability to understand the other's mind, have been associated with several psychopathological outcomes. The present systematic review aims to summarize the results of genetic studies that investigated gene polymorphisms associated with mentalization performance tasks in children and adults. The systematic review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines, and the literature search was conducted in PubMed and EBSCOhost using the following keywords: 'theory of mind, mentalizing, mindreading' and 'gene, genetic basis'. Nineteen studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. Most of the literature focused on the role of DRD4, DAT1, OXTR, OXT, COMT, ZNF804A, AVP, AVPR, SCL6A4, EFHC2, MAO-A, and the family of GTF2I genes in influencing ToM. However, controversial results emerged in sustaining the link between specific genetic polymorphisms and mentalization abilities in children and adults. Available data show heterogeneous outcomes, with studies reporting an association between the same family genes in subjects of the same age and other studies reporting no correlation. This does not allow us to draw any solid conclusions but paves the way for exploring genes involved in ToM tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Silvestri
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Simona Scaini
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.G.)
- Child and Adolescent Unit, Italian Psychotherapy Clinics, Corso San Gottardo 5, 20136 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Giani
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Mattia Ferro
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, 23842 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Marcella Caputi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via E. Weiss, 34128 Trieste, Italy;
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Evsiukova VS, Sorokin IE, Kulikov PA, Kulikov AV. Alterations in the brain serotonin system and serotonin-regulated behavior during aging in zebrafish males and females. Behav Brain Res 2024; 466:115000. [PMID: 38631659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The brain serotonin (5-HT) system performs a neurotrophic function and supports the plasticity of the nervous system, while its age-related changes can increase the risk of senile neurodegeneration. Zebrafish brain is highly resistant to damage and neurodegeneration due to its high regeneration potential and it is a promising model object in searching for molecular factors preventing age-related neurodegeneration. In the present study alterations in 5-HT-related behavior in the home tank and the novel tank diving test, as well as 5-HT, 5-HIAA levels, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and the expression of genes encoding TPH, MAO, 5-HT transporter and 5-HT receptors in the brain of 6, 12, 24 and 36 month old zebrafish males and females are investigated. Marked sexual dimorphism in the locomotor activity in the novel tank test is revealed: females of all ages move slower than males. No sexual dimorphism in 5-HT-related traits is observed. No changes in 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels in zebrafish brain during aging is observed. At the same time, the aging is accompanied by a decrease in the locomotor activity, TPH activity, tph2 and htr1aa genes expression as well as an increase in the MAO activity and slc6a4a gene expression in their brain. These results indicate that the brain 5-HT system in zebrafish is resistant to age-related alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina S Evsiukova
- Department of Psychoneuropharmacology, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan E Sorokin
- Department of Monogenic Forms of Human Common Disorders, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetic Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Peter A Kulikov
- Department of Genetic Collections of Neural Disorders, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V Kulikov
- Department of Genetic Collections of Neural Disorders, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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Wu X, Hu JJ, Duan C, Liu R, Xia F, Lou X. A Universal and Programmable Platform based on Fluorescent Peptide-Conjugated Probes for Detection of Proteins in Organelles of Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400766. [PMID: 38438308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Realizing protein analysis in organelles of living cells is of great significance for developing diagnostic and therapeutic methods of diseases. Fluorescent-labeled antibodies with well imaging performance and high affinity are classical biochemical tools for protein analysis, while due to the inability to effectively enter into cells, not to mention organelles and the uncontrollable reaction sites that might cause antibodies inactivation when chemically modification, they are hard to apply to living cells. Inspired by the structure of fluorescent-labeled antibodies, we designed as a universal detection platform that was based on the peptide-conjugated probes (PCPs) and consisted of three parts: a) a rotor type fluorescent molecular scaffold for conjugation and signal output; b) the cell penetration protein recognition unit; c) the subcellular organelle targeting unit. In living cells, PCPs could firstly localize at organelles and then proceed protein specific recognition, thus jointly leading to the restriction of twisted intramolecular charge transfer and activation of fluorescence signal. As a proof-of-concept, six different proteins in three typical intracellular organelles could be detected by our platform through simply replacing the recognition sequence of proteins and matching organelle targeting units. The position and intensity of fluorescence signals demonstrated specificity of PCPs and universality of the platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Chong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoding Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
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Mi P, Tan Y, Ye S, Lang JJ, Lv Y, Jiang J, Chen L, Luo J, Lin Y, Yuan Z, Zheng X, Lin YW. Discovery of C-3 isoxazole substituted thiochromone S,S-dioxide derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors for monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115956. [PMID: 37992521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Developing new scaffolds for highly potent and selective inhibitors of human Monoamine Oxidase B (hMAO-B) is a crucial objective in enhancing the efficacy and safety in the clinical treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we have identified a series of C-3 isoxazole-substituted thiochromone S,S-dioxide derivatives that exhibit strong inhibitory activity against hMAO-B. The strategy of oxidizing thiochromone to thiochromone S,S-dioxide solves the key defect of extreme insolubility observed for thiochromone analogues. In addition, the sulfone group contributes extra hydrogen(H)-bonding interactions with Tyr435, which significantly increases the activity of thiochromone S,S-dioxide derivatives against hMAO-B. Furthermore, the presence of isoxazole group provides potential H-bonding interaction and electrostatic interaction with the residue of Tyr326, while the rigid aryl ring introduces a potential steric conflict with Phe208 of hMAO-A to improve both potency and selectivity. In our investigations, several compounds (9c, 10c, 10e, 10g, 10l and 10m) demonstrate remarkable single-digit nanomolar potency. These compounds exhibit favorable cytotoxicity profiles in both differentiated SH-SY5Y and HVSMC cells, without apparent cardiotoxic effects. Moreover, compounds 10e and 10h do not lead to an increase in ROS levels in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, further demonstrating their potential as safe and effective hMAO-B inhibitors. These findings indicate that the C-3 isoxazole substituted thiochromone S,S-dioxide analogues are potential leading compounds for the development of selective inhibitors with high potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbing Mi
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shiying Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jia-Jia Lang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - You Lv
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China; Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Jinhuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jianxiong Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhonghua Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Vocational College of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Key Lab of Protein Structure and Function of Universities in Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Toledo-Lozano CG, López-Hernández LB, Suárez-Cuenca JA, Villalobos-Gallegos L, Jiménez-Hernández DA, Alcaraz-Estrada SL, Mondragón-Terán P, Joya-Laureano L, Coral-Vázquez RM, García S. Individual and Combined Effect of MAO-A/ MAO-B Gene Variants and Adverse Childhood Experiences on the Severity of Major Depressive Disorder. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:795. [PMID: 37887445 PMCID: PMC10603972 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder with a high prevalence worldwide that causes disability and, in some cases, suicide. Although environmental factors play a crucial role in this disease, other biological factors may predispose individuals to MDD. Genetic and environmental factors influence mental disorders; therefore, a potential combined effect of MAO-A/MAO-B gene variants may be a target for the study of susceptibility to MDD. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of MAO-A and -B gene variants when combined with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on the susceptibility and severity of symptoms in MDD. METHODS A case-control study was performed, including 345 individuals, 175 MDD cases and 170 controls. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR with hydrolysis probes. The analysis of the rs1465107 and rs1799836 gene variants of MAO-A and -B, respectively, was performed either alone or in combination with ACEs on the severity of depression, as determined through specific questionnaires, including DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for MDD. RESULTS According to individual effects, the presence of ACEs, as well as the allele G of the rs1465107 of MAO-A, is associated with a higher severity of depression, more significantly in females. Furthermore, the allele rs1799836 G of MAO-B was associated with the severity of depression, even after being adjusted by gene variants and ACEs (IRR = 1.67, p = 0.01). In males, the allele rs1799836 G of MAO-B was shown to interact with SNP with ACEs (IRR = 1.70, p < 0.001). According to combined effect analyses, the severity of depression was associated with ACEs when combined with either allele rs1465107 of MAO-A or allele rs17993836 of MAO-B, whereas SNP risk association was influenced by gender. CONCLUSIONS The severity of depression is related to either individual or combined effects of temperamental traits and genetic susceptibility of specific genes such as MAO-A and MAO-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gabriel Toledo-Lozano
- Department of Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico; (C.G.T.-L.); (J.A.S.-C.); (D.A.J.-H.)
| | | | - Juan Antonio Suárez-Cuenca
- Department of Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico; (C.G.T.-L.); (J.A.S.-C.); (D.A.J.-H.)
| | - Luis Villalobos-Gallegos
- Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico;
| | - Dulce Adeí Jiménez-Hernández
- Department of Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico; (C.G.T.-L.); (J.A.S.-C.); (D.A.J.-H.)
| | | | - Paul Mondragón-Terán
- Coordination of Research, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico;
| | - Lilia Joya-Laureano
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico;
| | - Ramón Mauricio Coral-Vázquez
- Department of Teaching and Research, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico;
- Postgraduate Section, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Silvia García
- Department of Clinical Research, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City 03229, Mexico; (C.G.T.-L.); (J.A.S.-C.); (D.A.J.-H.)
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Arcone R, D’Errico A, Nasso R, Rullo R, Poli A, Di Donato P, Masullo M. Inhibition of Enzymes Involved in Neurodegenerative Disorders and A β1-40 Aggregation by Citrus limon Peel Polyphenol Extract. Molecules 2023; 28:6332. [PMID: 37687161 PMCID: PMC10489013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) are multifactorial neurogenerative disorders of the Central Nervous System causing severe cognitive and motor deficits in elderly people. Because treatment of AD and PD by synthetic drugs alleviates the symptoms often inducing side effects, many studies have aimed to find neuroprotective properties of diet polyphenols, compounds known to act on different cell signaling pathways. In this article, we analyzed the effect of polyphenols obtained from the agro-food industry waste of Citrus limon peel (LPE) on key enzymes of cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission, such as butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) and monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A/B, on Aβ1-40 aggregation and on superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1/2 that affect oxidative stress. In our in vitro assays, LPE acts as an enzyme inhibitor on BuChE (IC50 ~ 73 µM), MAO-A/B (IC50 ~ 80 µM), SOD 1/2 (IC50 ~ 10-20 µM) and interferes with Aβ1-40 peptide aggregation (IC50 ~ 170 µM). These results demonstrate that LPE behaves as a multitargeting agent against key factors of AD and PD by inhibiting to various extents BuChE, MAOs, and SODs and reducing Aβ-fibril aggregation. Therefore, LPE is a promising candidate for the prevention and management of AD and PD symptoms in combination with pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Arcone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
| | - Antonio D’Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
| | - Rosarita Nasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
| | - Rosario Rullo
- ISPAAM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Annarita Poli
- ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.P.); (P.D.D.)
| | - Paola Di Donato
- ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.P.); (P.D.D.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
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Hindson SA, Andrews RC, Danson MJ, van der Kamp MW, Manley AE, Sutcliffe OB, Haines TSF, Freeman TP, Scott J, Husbands SM, Blagbrough IS, Anderson JLR, Carbery DR, Pudney CR. Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists are monoamine oxidase-A selective inhibitors. FEBS J 2023; 290:3243-3257. [PMID: 36708234 PMCID: PMC10952593 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are one of the fastest growing classes of recreational drugs. Despite their growth in use, their vast chemical diversity and rapidly changing landscape of structures make understanding their effects challenging. In particular, the side effects for SCRA use are extremely diverse, but notably include severe outcomes such as cardiac arrest. These side effects appear at odds with the main putative mode of action, as full agonists of cannabinoid receptors. We have hypothesized that SCRAs may act as MAO inhibitors, owing to their structural similarity to known monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI's) as well as matching clinical outcomes (hypertensive crisis) of 'monoaminergic toxicity' for users of MAOIs and some SCRA use. We have studied the potential for SCRA-mediated inhibition of MAO-A and MAO-B via a range of SCRAs used commonly in the UK, as well as structural analogues to prove the atomistic determinants of inhibition. By combining in silico and experimental kinetic studies we demonstrate that SCRAs are MAO-A-specific inhibitors and their affinity can vary significantly between SCRAs, most notably affected by the nature of the SCRA 'head' group. Our data allow us to posit a putative mechanism of inhibition. Crucially our data demonstrate that SCRA activity is not limited to just cannabinoid receptor agonism and that alternative interactions might account for some of the diversity of the observed side effects and that these effects can be SCRA-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Hindson
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
| | - Rachael C. Andrews
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
| | - Michael J. Danson
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
| | | | - Amy E. Manley
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBS8 1THBristolUK
| | - Oliver B. Sutcliffe
- MANchester DRug Analysis & Knowledge Exchange (MANDRAKE), Department of Natural SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityM15 5GDManchesterUK
| | | | | | - Jennifer Scott
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBS8 1THBristolUK
| | | | - Ian S. Blagbrough
- Department of Pharmacy and PharmacologyUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
| | | | - David R. Carbery
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
| | - Christopher R. Pudney
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
- Centre for Therapeutic InnovationUniversity of BathBA2 7AYBathUK
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8
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Evsiukova VS, Arefieva AB, Sorokin IE, Kulikov AV. Age-Related Alterations in the Level and Metabolism of Serotonin in the Brain of Males and Females of Annual Turquoise Killifish ( Nothobranchius furzeri). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043185. [PMID: 36834593 PMCID: PMC9959878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The annual turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) is a laboratory model organism for neuroscience of aging. In the present study, we investigated for the first time the levels of serotonin and its main metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, as well as the activities of the key enzymes of its synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylases, and degradation, monoamine oxidase, in the brains of 2-, 4- and 7-month-old male and female N. furzeri. The marked effect of age on the body mass and the level of serotonin, as well as the activities of tryptophan hydroxylases and monoamine oxidase in the brain of killifish were revealed. The level of serotonin decreased in the brain of 7-month-old males and females compared with 2-month-old ones. A significant decrease in the tryptophan hydroxylase activity and an increase in the monoamine oxidase activity in the brain of 7-month-old females compared to 2-month-old females was shown. These findings agree with the age-related alterations in expression of the genes encoding tryptophan hydroxylases and monoamine oxidase. N. furzeri is a suitable model with which to study the fundamental problems of age-related changes of the serotonin system in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina S. Evsiukova
- Department of Psychoneuropharmacology, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alla B. Arefieva
- Department of Genetic Collections of Neural Disorders, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan E. Sorokin
- Department of Monogenic Forms of Human Common Disorders, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Kulikov
- Department of Genetic Collections of Neural Disorders, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-3833636187
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9
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Shahcheraghi SH, Ayatollahi J, Lotfi M, Aljabali AAA, Al-Zoubi MS, Panda PK, Mishra V, Satija S, Charbe NB, Serrano-Aroca Á, Bahar B, Takayama K, Goyal R, Bhatia A, Almutary AG, Alnuqaydan AM, Mishra Y, Negi P, Courtney A, McCarron PA, Bakshi HA, Tambuwala MM. Gene Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Potential Targets and Tools. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:51-65. [PMID: 35249508 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220304153719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders that affect the central nervous system cause considerable pressures on the health care system and have a substantial economic burden on modern societies. The present treatments based on available drugs are mostly ineffective and often costly. The molecular process of neuropsychiatric disorders is closely connected to modifying the genetic structures inherited or caused by damage, toxic chemicals, and some current diseases. Gene therapy is presently an experimental concept for neurological disorders. Clinical applications endeavor to alleviate the symptoms, reduce disease progression, and repair defective genes. Implementing gene therapy in inherited and acquired neurological illnesses entails the integration of several scientific disciplines, including virology, neurology, neurosurgery, molecular genetics, and immunology. Genetic manipulation has the power to minimize or cure illness by inducing genetic alterations at endogenous loci. Gene therapy that involves treating the disease by deleting, silencing, or editing defective genes and delivering genetic material to produce therapeutic molecules has excellent potential as a novel approach for treating neuropsychiatric disorders. With the recent advances in gene selection and vector design quality in targeted treatments, gene therapy could be an effective approach. This review article will investigate and report the newest and the most critical molecules and factors in neuropsychiatric disorder gene therapy. Different genome editing techniques available will be evaluated, and the review will highlight preclinical research of genome editing for neuropsychiatric disorders while also evaluating current limitations and potential strategies to overcome genome editing advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed H Shahcheraghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Jamshid Ayatollahi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Abortion Research Center, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mazhar S Al-Zoubi
- Yarmouk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Pritam K Panda
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Translational Research Centre San Alberto Magno, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bojlul Bahar
- Nutrition Sciences and Applied Food Safety Studies, Research Centre for Global Development, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for IPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Rohit Goyal
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India
| | - Amit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Punjab 151001, India
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yachana Mishra
- Shri Shakti Degree College, Sankhahari, Ghatampur 209206, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173 212, India
| | - Aaron Courtney
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A McCarron
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Hamid A Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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10
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Alameda L, Trotta G, Quigley H, Rodriguez V, Gadelrab R, Dwir D, Dempster E, Wong CCY, Forti MD. Can epigenetics shine a light on the biological pathways underlying major mental disorders? Psychol Med 2022; 52:1645-1665. [PMID: 35193719 PMCID: PMC9280283 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A significant proportion of the global burden of disease can be attributed to mental illness. Despite important advances in identifying risk factors for mental health conditions, the biological processing underlying causal pathways to disease onset remain poorly understood. This represents a limitation to implement effective prevention and the development of novel pharmacological treatments. Epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as mediators of environmental and genetic risk factors which might play a role in disease onset, including childhood adversity (CA) and cannabis use (CU). Particularly, human research exploring DNA methylation has provided new and promising insights into the role of biological pathways implicated in the aetio-pathogenesis of psychiatric conditions, including: monoaminergic (Serotonin and Dopamine), GABAergic, glutamatergic, neurogenesis, inflammatory and immune response and oxidative stress. While these epigenetic changes have been often studied as disease-specific, similarly to the investigation of environmental risk factors, they are often transdiagnostic. Therefore, we aim to review the existing literature on DNA methylation from human studies of psychiatric diseases (i) to identify epigenetic modifications mapping onto biological pathways either transdiagnostically or specifically related to psychiatric diseases such as Eating Disorders, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Bipolar and Psychotic Disorder, Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Anxiety Disorder, and (ii) to investigate a convergence between some of these epigenetic modifications and the exposure to known risk factors for psychiatric disorders such as CA and CU, as well as to other epigenetic confounders in psychiatry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alameda
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Centro Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Giulia Trotta
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Harriet Quigley
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Rodriguez
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Romayne Gadelrab
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniella Dwir
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emma Dempster
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Chloe C. Y. Wong
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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11
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Phytochemicals as potential inhibitors for COVID-19 revealed by molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation and DFT studies. Struct Chem 2022; 33:1423-1443. [PMID: 35729939 PMCID: PMC9189813 DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-01982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak demands the designing of potential drugs as there is no specific treatment available. Thanks to their safety and effectiveness, phytochemicals have been used to treat various diseases, including antiviral therapeutics. Molecular docking is a simple, quick, and effective way to screen a variety of molecules for structure-based drug design. Here, we investigate molecular docking experiments on compounds present in plant species, Cocculus hirsutus and Rhodiola rosea and show their potential for the treatment of COVID-19. Almost all the components showed higher binding affinity than the built-in ligand, and those with significantly higher binding affinity were explored further. Molecular mechanics-based generalized born surface area calculations were used to re-rank the top candidates, rhodionidin and cocsoline, and their stability in association with viral protease was confirmed. Density functional theory was used for detailed investigations of the geometries, and electrical properties of rhodionidin and cocsoline. Using the frontier molecular orbitals method, the charge transfer within the molecule was calculated. Chemical reactivity and intermolecular interactions were studied using molecular electrostatic potential maps. These in silico discoveries will simulate the identification of powerful COVID-19 inhibitors, and similar research is likely to make a significant contribution to antiviral drug discovery. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11224-022-01982-4.
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12
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Ruiz-Tejada A, Neisewander J, Katsanos CS. Regulation of Voluntary Physical Activity Behavior: A Review of Evidence Involving Dopaminergic Pathways in the Brain. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030333. [PMID: 35326289 PMCID: PMC8946175 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity leads to well-established health benefits. Current efforts to enhance physical activity have targeted mainly socioeconomic factors. However, despite these efforts, only a small number of adults engage in regular physical activity to the point of meeting current recommendations. Evidence collected in rodent models and humans establish a strong central nervous system component that regulates physical activity behavior. In particular, dopaminergic pathways in the central nervous system are among the best-characterized biological mechanisms to date with respect to regulating reward, motivation, and habit formation, which are critical for establishing regular physical activity. Herein, we discuss evidence for a role of brain dopamine in the regulation of voluntary physical activity behavior based on selective breeding and pharmacological studies in rodents, as well as genetic studies in both rodents and humans. While these studies establish a role of dopamine and associated mechanisms in the brain in the regulation of voluntary physical activity behavior, there is clearly need for more research on the underlying biology involved in motivation for physical activity and the formation of a physical activity habit. Such knowledge at the basic science level may ultimately be translated into better strategies to enhance physical activity levels within the society.
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13
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Uslu H, Osmaniye D, Sağlik BN, Levent S, Özkay Y, Benkli K, Kaplancikli ZA. Design, synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies of 1,2,4-triazole-piperazine hybrid derivatives as potential MAO inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105430. [PMID: 34678603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) have become promising drug targets for the development of central nervous system agents. In recent research, it was shown that numerous piperazine derivatives exhibit hMAO inhibitory activity. Therefore, in this study, a novel series of 1,2,4-triazole-piperazine derivatives (5a-j) were designed, synthesized, characterized, and screened for their hMAO-A and hMAO-B inhibitory activities. When the ADME predictions were examined, it was seen that the pharmacokinetic profiles of all synthesized compounds were appropriate. Compounds 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5e, with H, F, Cl, and NO2 groups on the 4-position of the phenyl ring, respectively, showed important MAO-A inhibitory activity. Compound 5c was found to be the most effective agent among the synthesized compounds with an IC50 value of 0.070 ± 0.002 µM against the MAO-A enzyme. The synthesized compounds appear to support the results of other studies to design MAO inhibitors to obtain more suitable drugs, especially for neurological disorders such as depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Uslu
- Firat University, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Begüm Nurpelin Sağlik
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Benkli
- Badakbas Pharmacy, Altintepe Street Koknarli 6/C Maltepe, 34840 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancikli
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
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14
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Age-Related Alterations in the Behavior and Serotonin-Related Gene mRNA Levels in the Brain of Males and Females of Short-Lived Turquoise Killifish ( Nothobranchius furzeri). Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101421. [PMID: 34680051 PMCID: PMC8533623 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-lived turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) have become a popular model organism for neuroscience. In the present paper we study for the first time their behavior in the novel tank diving test and the levels of mRNA of various 5-HT-related genes in brains of 2-, 4- and 6-month-old males and females of N. furzeri. The marked effect of age on body mass, locomotor activity and the mRNA level of Tph1b, Tph2, Slc6a4b, Mao, Htr1aa, Htr2a, Htr3a, Htr3b, Htr4, Htr6 genes in the brains of N. furzeri males was shown. Locomotor activity and expression of the Mao gene increased, while expression of Tph1b, Tph2, Slc6a4b, Htr1aa, Htr2a, Htr3a, Htr3b, Htr4, Htr6 genes decreased in 6-month-old killifish. Significant effects of sex on body mass as well as on mRNA level of Tph1a, Tph1b, Tph2, Slc6a4b, Htr1aa, 5-HT2a, Htr3a, Htr3b, Htr4, and Htr6 genes were revealed: in general both the body mass and the expression of these genes were higher in males. N. furzeri is a suitable model with which to study the fundamental problems of age-related alterations in various mRNA levels related with the brains 5-HT system.
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15
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Kulikova EA, Fursenko DV, Bazhenova EY, Kulikov AV. Decrease in the Activity of Striatal-Enriched Protein-Tyrosine-Phosphatase (STEP) in the Brain of Danio rerio Treated with p-Chlorophenylalanine and Pargyline. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Zhang C, Tang C, Mei Y, Zhang L, Zhu A, Tian Y. A ratiometric electrochemical sensor for selectively monitoring monoamine oxidase A in the live brain. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6487-6490. [PMID: 34100043 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00787d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an electrochemical method for selectively sensing and accurately quantifying monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) in the cortex and thalamus of a live mouse brain was reported. Using this tool, it was found that MAO-A increased Ca2+ entry into neurons via the TPRM2 channel in the live mouse brain of an AD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
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17
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Koyiparambath VP, Prayaga Rajappan K, Rangarajan TM, Al-Sehemi AG, Pannipara M, Bhaskar V, Nair AS, Sudevan ST, Kumar S, Mathew B. Deciphering the detailed structure-activity relationship of coumarins as Monoamine oxidase enzyme inhibitors-An updated review. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:655-673. [PMID: 34233082 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, Monoamine oxidase (MAO) have emerged as a target for the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases including anxiety, depression, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. The MAO inhibitors especially selective and reversible inhibitors of either of the isoenzymes (MAO-A & MAO-B) have been given more attention as both the form have different therapeutic properties and hence can be used for different neurological disorders. The lack of selective and reversible inhibitors available for both the enzymes and severity of the neuronal disorder in society have opened a new door to the researchers to carry out large and dedicated researches in this field. Among the several classes of the molecule as the inhibitors, coumarins hold a rank as a potent scaffold with its ease of synthesis, high therapeutic potential, and reversibility in inhibiting MAOs. The current review is an update of the research in the field that covers the works during the last six years (2014-2020) with a major focus on the SAR of the coumarin derivatives including synthetic, natural, and hybrids of coumarins with FDA-approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Payyalot Koyiparambath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Krishnendu Prayaga Rajappan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - T M Rangarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venketeswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehboobali Pannipara
- Research center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vaishnav Bhaskar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Sachithra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
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18
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Kumar B, Thakur A, Dwivedi AR, Kumar R, Kumar V. Multi-Target-Directed Ligands as an Effective Strategy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1757-1803. [PMID: 33982650 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210512005508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder, and multiple pathological factors are believed to be involved in the genesis and progression of the disease. A number of hypotheses, including Acetylcholinesterase, Monoamine oxidase, β-Amyloid, Tau protein, etc., have been proposed for the initiation and progression of the disease. At present, acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and memantine (NMDAR antagonist) are the only approved therapies for the symptomatic management of AD. Most of these single-target drugs have miserably failed in the treatment or halting the progression of the disease. Multi-factorial diseases like AD require complex treatment strategies that involve simultaneous modulation of a network of interacting targets. Since the last few years, Multi-Target-Directed Ligands (MTDLs) strategy, drugs that can simultaneously hit multiple targets, is being explored as an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. In the current review article, the authors have briefly described various pathogenic pathways associated with AD. The importance of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands and their design strategies in recently reported articles have been discussed in detail. Potent leads are identified through various structure-activity relationship studies, and their drug-like characteristics are described. Recently developed promising compounds have been summarized in the article. Some of these MTDLs with balanced activity profiles against different targets have the potential to be developed as drug candidates for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Kumar
- Central University of Punjab Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, India
| | - Amandeep Thakur
- Central University of Punjab Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, India
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
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19
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Thentu JB, Bhyrapuneni G, Padala NP, Chunduru P, Pantangi HR, Nirogi R. Evaluation of monoamine oxidase A and B type enzyme occupancy using non-radiolabelled tracers in rat brain. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105006. [PMID: 33636211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes, type A and B metabolise the amine neurotransmitters of the body. Selective inhibition of either enzyme is an approach for treating neurodegenerative and stress-induced disorders, and inhibition of an enzyme is proportional to the binding of the MAO inhibitor. Conventionally, the binding of test compounds to enzymes is assessed by radiolabelled ligands in ex vivo and in vivo occupancy assays. Regulatory restrictions and turnaround time are the limitations of the methods that use radiolabelled ligands. But the use of non-radiolabelled tracers and sensitive mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based assays accelerated the determination of target occupancy in pre-clinical species. A report on use of non-radiolabelled ligand in in vivo MAO occupancy assay is not available. The objectives of the present study were to optimise non-radiolabelled harmine and deprenyl as selective tracers in MAO-A and MAO-B occupancy assays and evaluate MAO occupancy of test compounds in rat brain. Tracer optimisation resulted in a detectable, stable, and low ratio (<3.0) of tracer concentrations between any two brain tissues. In occupancy assay, tracer was intravenously administered (10 μg/kg, harmine or 60 μg/kg, L-deprenyl) after the treatment with test compound (clorgyline or tranylcypromine or pargyline or phenelzine or thioperamide). Specific brain tissues were isolated at a defined interval and tracer concentrations were quantified using LC-MS/MS method. Pre-treatment with MAO inhibitors resulted in a decrease (maximum, 80-85%) in harmine or an increase (maximum, 85-300%) in L-deprenyl concentrations. But we considered the change in tracer concentration, relative to the vehicle and positive control groups to calculate MAO occupancy. The observed selectivity and ratio of occupancies (ED50) of test compound towards MAO-A and MAO-B are comparable with the results from in vitro radiolabelled ligand-based inhibition assay. The results demonstrated the application of these non-radiolabelled tracers as suitable pre-clinical tools to determine MAO occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Babu Thentu
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Gopinadh Bhyrapuneni
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Nagasurya Prakash Padala
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Prathyusha Chunduru
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Hanumanth Rao Pantangi
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Ramakrishna Nirogi
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
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20
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Reuter M, Felten A, Zamoscik V, Bravo R, Ugartemendia L, Kirsch P, Rodriguez AB, Plieger T. Genetic and epigenetic serotonergic markers predict the ability to recognize mental states. Physiol Behav 2020; 227:113143. [PMID: 32822711 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The serotonergic (5-HT) system is related to affective and cognitive processes and explains behavioral variability in the normal and psychopathological range. For this reason, the hypothesis was put forward that genetic and epigenetic markers related to 5-HT metabolism predict individual differences in social cognitive functioning. Social cognitions are complex mental processes necessary for perceiving, interpreting and reacting to the behaviors of others. In order to test this hypothesis one of the most prominent theory of mind tasks, the reading the mind in the eye test (RMET), was administered to N = 435 participants and measures of performance were related to the functional MAO-A VNTR polymorphism (relevant for 5-HT catabolism) and to epigenetic markers in the promoter of the TPH-2 gene (relevant for 5-HT synthesis). It was postulated that genetic and epigenetic markers of high 5-HT activity are positively related to RMET performance. Results show that the MAO-A high activity allele, together with the degree of methylation at a promoter CpG site on the TPH-2 gene explain significant proportions of variance in the RMET performance even after controlling for age and sex effects. Present findings yield evidence for the importance of 5-HT for social cognition. Based on additional findings, the role of a TRP-rich diet for theory of mind functions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reuter
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany.
| | - Andrea Felten
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany
| | - Vera Zamoscik
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany; Department of Clinical Psychology. Central Institute of Mental Health. Medical Faculty Mannheim. Heidelberg University. Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rafael Bravo
- Chrononutrition Laboratory. Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group. Faculty of Science. University of Extremadura. Badajoz, Spain
| | - Lierni Ugartemendia
- Chrononutrition Laboratory. Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group. Faculty of Science. University of Extremadura. Badajoz, Spain
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology. Central Institute of Mental Health. Medical Faculty Mannheim. Heidelberg University. Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ana B Rodriguez
- Chrononutrition Laboratory. Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group. Faculty of Science. University of Extremadura. Badajoz, Spain
| | - Thomas Plieger
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany
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21
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Popova NK, Kulikov AV, Naumenko VS. Spaceflight and brain plasticity: Spaceflight effects on regional expression of neurotransmitter systems and neurotrophic factors encoding genes. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:396-405. [PMID: 33086127 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The critical problem of space exploration is the effect of long-term space travel on brain functioning. Current information concerning the effects of actual spaceflight on the brain was obtained on rats and mice flown on five missions of Soviet/Russian biosatellites, NASA Neurolab Mission STS90, and International Space Station (ISS). The review provides converging lines of evidence that: 1) long-term spaceflight affects both principle regulators of brain neuroplasticity - neurotransmitters (5-HT and DA) and neurotrophic factors (CDNF, GDNF but not BDNF); 2) 5-HT- (5-HT2A receptor and MAO A) and especially DA-related genes (TH, MAO A, COMT, D1 receptor, CDNF and GDNF) belong to the risk neurogenes; 3) brain response to spaceflight is region-specific. Substantia nigra, striatum and hypothalamus are highly sensitive to the long-term spaceflight: in these brain areas spaceflight decreased the expression of both DA-related and neurotrophic factors genes. Since DA system is involved in the regulation of movement and cognition the data discussed in the review could explain dysfunction of locomotion and behavior of astronauts and direct further investigations to the DA system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K Popova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexander V Kulikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Naumenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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22
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Three phases of Gene × Environment interaction research: Theoretical assumptions underlying gene selection. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 34:295-306. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579420000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Some Gene × Environment interaction (G×E) research has focused upon single candidate genes, whereas other related work has targeted multiple genes (e.g., polygenic scores). Each approach has informed efforts to identify individuals who are either especially vulnerable to the negative effects of contextual adversity (diathesis stress) or especially susceptible to both positive and negative contextual conditions (differential susceptibility). A critical step in all such molecular G×E research is the selection of genetic variants thought to moderate environmental influences, a subject that has not received a great deal of attention in critiques of G×E research (beyond the observation of small effects of individual genes). Here we conceptually distinguish three phases of G×E work based on the selection of genes presumed to moderate environmental effects and the theoretical basis of such decisions: (a) single candidate genes, (b) composited (multiple) candidate genes, and (c) GWAS-derived polygenic scores. This illustrative, not exhaustive, review makes it clear that implicit or explicit theoretical assumptions inform gene selection in ways that have not been clearly articulated or fully appreciated.
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Manzoor S, Hoda N. A comprehensive review of monoamine oxidase inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer's disease agents: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 206:112787. [PMID: 32942081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAO-A and MAO-B) are mammalian flavoenzyme, which catalyze the oxidative deamination of several neurotransmitters like norepinephrine, dopamine, tyramine, serotonin, and some other amines. The oxidative deamination produces several harmful side products like ammonia, peroxides, and aldehydes during the biochemical reaction. The concentration of biochemical neurotransmitter alteration in the brain by MAO is directly related with several neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). Activated MAO also contributes to the amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation by two successive cleft β-secretase and γ-secretase of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Additionally, activated MAO is also involved in aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles and cognitive destruction through the cholinergic neuronal damage and disorder of the cholinergic system. MAO inhibition has general anti-Alzheimer's disease effect as a consequence of oxidative stress reduction prompted by MAO enzymes. In this review, we outlined and addressed recent understanding on MAO enzymes such as their structure, physiological function, catalytic mechanism, and possible therapeutic goals in AD. In addition, it also highlights the current development and discovery of potential MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) from various chemical scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Manzoor
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Nasimul Hoda
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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24
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Association Analysis of Monoamine Oxidase-A Gene Promoter Polymorphism (MAOA uVNTR) for Antisocial Behavior: Absence of the Counting Number Repeats in Central Iran. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ans.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The MAOA gene is located on the X chromosome (Xp11.23). Several studies have established a VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeat) polymorphism in the upstream of the MAOA gene transcriptional initiation region named uVNTR which is correlated with the risk of antisocial behavior. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between MAOA genotypes and the risk of violent behavior in a cohort of violent and age-matched non-violent individuals. Methods: In the current case-control study, MAOA uVNTR was genotyped in a cohort of 88 violent and 95 age-matched non-violent individuals. Individuals were genotyped for the MAOA uVNTR by performing PCR, gel electrophoresis, and sequencing. Furthermore, a chi-square test was performed using SPSS, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We identified three MAOA uVNTR allelic variants: They were harboring 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 repeated sequences. Alleles with 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 repeats were not observed in any of the two examined groups. Conclusions: We did not detect a statistically appreciable association between antisocial behavior and allele frequencies in the studied population in central Iran.
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25
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Ren F, Ma Y, Zhu X, Guo R, Wang J, He L. Pharmacogenetic association of bi- and triallelic polymorphisms of SLC6A4 with antidepressant response in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 273:254-264. [PMID: 32421611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressants (ADs) are the main clinical therapy for depression, but approximately half of users do not get adequate response. The biallelic (5-HTTLPR) and triallelic (5-HTTLPR/rs25531) polymorphisms in SLC6A4 have been frequently investigated, but their associations with ADs response are in controversy. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to assess their modulation effect to ADs response in major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS We performed literature search in PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE before June 2019. Pooled analysis of genetic associations with response and remission, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were performed, and publication bias was assessed. RESULTS Literature search yielded 49 eligible studies with 46 and 10 studies for biallelic and triallelic polymorphism, respectively. L allele of 5-HTTLPR was associated with both of response and remission rates. In the Caucasians using SSRIs only, carriers of LL/LS or LL genotype were more likely to be responders compared to SS carriers (LL/LS vs. SS: OR=1.55, 95%CI 1.20-2.00, p=0.001; LL vs. SS: OR=1.97, 95%CI 1.45-2.67, p<0.001). Similar associations were also found with remission rate. However, no effects on response or remission were found in the Asians or mixed/other antidepressant subgroups. Additionally, the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 triallelic polymorphism may not associate with ADs response. Meta-regression showed that percent of female in participants, year of publication and treatment duration modulated the association in Caucasians. CONCLUSION 5-HTTLPR, instead of 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 triallelic polymorphism, may exert as a marker for the prediction of response to SSRIs in Caucasians with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Ren
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Yufeng Ma
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhu
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Rongjuan Guo
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
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26
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Fang H, Zhang H, Li L, Ni Y, Shi R, Li Z, Yang X, Ma B, Zhang C, Wu Q, Yu C, Yang N, Yao SQ, Huang W. Rational Design of a Two‐Photon Fluorogenic Probe for Visualizing Monoamine Oxidase A Activity in Human Glioma Tissues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7536-7541. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Riri Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xuekang Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Changmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Naidi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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27
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Fang H, Zhang H, Li L, Ni Y, Shi R, Li Z, Yang X, Ma B, Zhang C, Wu Q, Yu C, Yang N, Yao SQ, Huang W. Rational Design of a Two‐Photon Fluorogenic Probe for Visualizing Monoamine Oxidase A Activity in Human Glioma Tissues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Riri Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xuekang Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 P. R. China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Changmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Naidi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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Kulikova EA, Fursenko DV, Bazhenova EY, Kulikov AV. Pargyline and р-Chlorophenylalanine Decrease Expression of Ptpn5 Encoding Striatal-Enriched Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) in the Mouse Striatum. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Goleva-Fjellet S, Bjurholt AM, Kure EH, Larsen IK, Støren Ø, Sæbø M. Distribution of allele frequencies for genes associated with physical activity and/or physical capacity in a homogenous Norwegian cohort- a cross-sectional study. BMC Genet 2020; 21:8. [PMID: 31973699 PMCID: PMC6979285 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-0813-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are large individual differences in physical activity (PA) behavior as well as trainability of physical capacity. Heritability studies have shown that genes may have as much impact on exercise participation behavior as environmental factors. Genes that favor both trainability and participation may increase the levels of PA. The present study aimed to assess the allele frequencies in genes associated with PA and/or physical capacity, and to see if there is any association between these polymorphisms and self-reported PA levels in a cohort of middle-aged Norwegians of Scandinavian descent (n = 831; mean age mean age (± SD) 55.5 ± 3.8 years). RESULTS The genotype distributions of the ACTN3 R577X, ACE I/D and MAOA uVNTR polymorphisms were similar to other populations of European descent. When comparing the genotype distribution between the low/medium level PA group (LMPA) and high level PA groups (HPA), a significant difference in ACTN3 577X allele distribution was found. The X allele frequency was 10% lower in the HPA level group (P = 0.006). There were no differences in the genotype distribution of the ACE I/D or MAOA uVNTR polymorphism. Education and previous participation in sports or outdoor activities was positively associated with the self-reported PA levels (P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report association between ACTN3 R577X genotype and PA level in middle-aged Scandinavians. Nevertheless, the contribution of a single polymorphism to a complex trait, like PA level, is likely small. Socioeconomic variables, as education and previous participation in sports or outdoor activities, are positively associated with the self-reported PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sannija Goleva-Fjellet
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, 3800, Bø i, Telemark, Norway.
| | - Anne Mari Bjurholt
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, University of South-Eastern Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, 3800, Bø i, Telemark, Norway
| | - Elin H Kure
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, 3800, Bø i, Telemark, Norway.,Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Øyvind Støren
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, University of South-Eastern Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, 3800, Bø i, Telemark, Norway
| | - Mona Sæbø
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, 3800, Bø i, Telemark, Norway
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Yao NJ, Hsieh WS, Lin CH, Tseng CI, Lin WY, Kuo PH, Yu YT, Chen WJ, Jeng SF. Interaction Between Prematurity and the MAOA Gene on Mental Development in Children: A Longitudinal View. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:92. [PMID: 32211356 PMCID: PMC7075243 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of dopamine-related genes with mental and motor development and the gene-environment interaction in preterm and term children. A total of 201 preterm and 111 term children were examined for their development at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months and were genotyped for 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in dopamine-related genes (DRD2, DRD3, DAT1, COMT, and MAOA). An independent sample of 256 preterm children was used for replication. Since the developmental age trends of preterm children differed from those of term children, the analyses were stratified by prematurity. Among the 8 SNPs on the MAOA gene examined in the whole learning sample, the results of linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated that they were located in one block (all D' > 0.9), and rs2239448 was chosen as the tag (r2 > 0.85). In the analysis of individual SNPs in each dopamine-related gene, the tag SNP (rs2239448) in MAOA remained significantly associated with the mental scores of preterm children for the interaction with age trend (p < 0.0001; largest effect size of 0.65 at 24 months) after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Similar findings for rs2239448 were replicated in the independent sample (p = 0.026). However, none of the SNPs were associated with the motor scores of preterm children, and none were related to the mental or motor scores of term children. The genetic variants of the MAOA gene exert influence on mental development throughout early childhood for preterm, but not term, children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Jia Yao
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Shiun Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Her Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ing Tseng
- Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Genes, Environment and Human Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Yu
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei J Chen
- Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Fang Jeng
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Physical Therapy Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Plieger T, Melchers M, Felten A, Lieser T, Meermann R, Reuter M. Moderator Effects of Life Stress on the Association between MAOA-uVNTR, Depression, and Burnout. Neuropsychobiology 2019; 78:86-94. [PMID: 30943524 DOI: 10.1159/000499085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The serotonergic and noradrenergic systems have a strong impact on several affective disorders and are key targets for psychopharmacological therapy. With respect to pathogenesis, there is a growing body of evidence showing an influence of a promoter repeat polymorphism (MAOA-uVNTR) altering the expression rate of monoamine oxidase A. However, only a few studies investigate its influence on depression with only 2 of them considering the moderating effects of life stress. For burnout, there are no studies so far investigating the genetic basis. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to replicate an interaction effect of MAOA-uVNTR and life stress on depression, and extend these possible findings to the burnout syndrome. Especially, the latter one might help in understanding the underlying mechanisms of burnout and its association to depression. METHOD A total of n = 1,541 participants (n = 1,099 healthy controls, n = 442 inpatients with affective disorders) provided genetic samples and filled in self-report questionnaires measuring depression, burnout, and the extent of experienced stressful life events (SLEs). RESULTS A life stress x MAOA-uVNTR interaction on depression and burnout was observed in women suggesting that carriers of the high expressing allele (MAO-H) with many SLEs had the highest scores in both burnout and depression. In men, there was only a weak effect of MAOA-uVNTR on depression. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a more pronounced reactivity to adverse environmental factors in carriers of the MAO-H allele. Especially the effect of life stress and MAOA-uVNTR on burnout should be independently replicated in the future as this is the first study showing this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Plieger
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,
| | - Martin Melchers
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Felten
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Lieser
- "Gezeiten Haus", Psychosomatic Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rolf Meermann
- Medical Director MEDIAN Hospital Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Reuter
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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32
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Chen R, Chu Q, Shen C, Tong X, Gao S, Liu X, Zhou B, Schinckel AP. Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Porcine MAOA Gene Associated with Aggressive Behavior of Weaned Pigs after Group Mixing. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110952. [PMID: 31718052 PMCID: PMC6912834 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) gene had been reported as a candidate gene of aggressive behavior in several species. In the present study, the most aggressive and docile weaned pigs in each pen after group mixing were selected to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in porcine MAOA gene associated with aggressive behavior. Constructs containing variable lengths of truncated porcine MAOA promoter were used to determine the promoter activity by a dual luciferase reporter system. The core promoter region of porcine MAOA was located at −679 bp to −400 bp. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MAOA gene were genotyped, of which six SNPs had significant differences in allele frequency between the aggressive and docile pigs. Four linked SNPs in porcine MAOA gene were associated with aggressive behavior in weaned pigs after mixing, which can be used as candidate molecular markers for aggressive behavior in pigs. Abstract Understanding the genetic background underlying the expression of behavioral traits has the potential to fasten the genetic progress for reduced aggressive behavior of pigs. The monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene is known as the “warrior” gene, as it has been previously linked to aggressive behavior in humans and livestock animals. To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in porcine MAOA gene associated with aggressive behavior of pigs, a total of 500 weaned pigs were selected and mixed in 51 pens. In each pen, two aggressive and two docile pigs (a total of 204 pigs) were selected based on their composite aggressive score (CAS). Ear tissue was sampled to extract genomic DNA. Constructs containing variable lengths of truncated porcine MAOA promoter were used to determine the promoter activity by a dual luciferase reporter system. The core promoter region was located at −679 bp to −400 bp. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MAOA gene were genotyped, of which six SNPs had significant differences (p < 0.05) in allele frequency between the aggressive and docile pigs. Linkage disequilibrium and association analyses showed that the pigs inherited the wild genotypes showed more aggressive behavior (p < 0.05) than pigs with the mutant genotypes of the four linked SNPs, rs321936011, rs331624976, rs346245147, and rs346324437. In addition, pigs of GCAA haplotype were more (p < 0.05) aggressive than the pigs with GCGA or ATGG haplotype. The construct containing the wild genotype GG of rs321936011 had lower (p = 0.031) promoter activity compared to the mutant genotype AA. These results suggest that the four linked SNPs in MAOA gene could be considered as a molecular marker for behavioral trait selection in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Qingpo Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Chunyan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Xian Tong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Siyuan Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinpeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.C.); (Q.C.); (C.S.); (X.T.); (S.G.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Allan P. Schinckel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA;
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Kulikova EA, Kulikov AV. Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 as a therapeutic target for psychiatric disorders: focus on animal models. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:655-667. [PMID: 31216212 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1634691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) is the key, rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in the brain. Some polymorphic variants of the human Tph2 gene are associated with psychiatric disorders. Area covered: This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying the association between the TPH2 activity and behavioral disturbances in models of psychiatric disorders. Specifically, it discusses: 1) genetic and posttranslational mechanisms defining the TPH2 activity, 2) behavioral effects of knockout and loss-of-function mutations in the mouse Tph2 gene, 3) pharmacological inhibition and the activation of the TPH2 activity and 4) alterations in the brain TPH2 activity in animal models of psychiatric disorders. We show the dual role of the TPH2 activity: both deficit and excess of the TPH2 activity cause significant behavioral disturbances in animal models of depression, anxiety, aggression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, schizophrenia, and catalepsy. Expert opinion: Pharmacological chaperones correcting the structure of the TPH2 molecule are promising tools for treatment of some hereditary psychiatric disorders caused by loss-of-function mutations in the human Tph2 gene; while some stress-induced affective disorders, associated with the elevated TPH2 activity, may be effectively treated by TPH2 inhibitors. This dual role of TPH2 should be taken into consideration during therapy of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Kulikova
- a Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics , Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science , Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Alexander V Kulikov
- a Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics , Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science , Novosibirsk , Russia
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Im S, Jeong J, Jin G, Yeom J, Jekal J, Lee SI, Cho JA, Lee S, Lee Y, Kim DH, Bae M, Heo J, Moon C, Lee CH. MAOA variants differ in oscillatory EEG & ECG activities in response to aggression-inducing stimuli. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2680. [PMID: 30804379 PMCID: PMC6390082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the genetic variations in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene, upstream variable number tandem repeats (uVNTRs) of the promoter have been associated with individual differences in human physiology and aggressive behaviour. However, the evidence for a molecular or neural link between MAOA uVNTRs and aggression remains ambiguous. Additionally, the use of inconsistent promoter constructs in previous studies has added to the confusion. Therefore, it is necessary to demonstrate the genetic function of MAOA uVNTR and its effects on multiple aspects of aggression. Here, we identified three MAOA alleles in Koreans: the predominant 3.5R and 4.5R alleles, as well as the rare 2.5R allele. There was a minor difference in transcriptional efficiency between the 3.5R and 4.5R alleles, with the greatest value for the 2.5R allele, in contrast to existing research. Psychological indices of aggression did not differ among MAOA genotypes. However, our electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram results obtained under aggression-related stimulation revealed oscillatory changes as novel phenotypes that vary with the MAOA genotype. In particular, we observed prominent changes in frontal γ power and heart rate in 4.5R carriers of men. Our findings provide genetic insights into MAOA function and offer a neurobiological basis for various socio-emotional mechanisms in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeungYeong Im
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jinju Jeong
- Undergraduate School Administration Team, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.,Well Aging Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gwonhyu Jin
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jiwoo Yeom
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - Sang-Im Lee
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Ah Cho
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sukkyoo Lee
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Youngmi Lee
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dae-Hwan Kim
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mijeong Bae
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jinhwa Heo
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Cheil Moon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Chang-Hun Lee
- School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.
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35
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Hannou L, Roy P, Ballester Roig MN, Mongrain V. Transcriptional control of synaptic components by the clock machinery. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:241-267. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Hannou
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine and Research CenterHôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal (CIUSSS‐NIM) Montreal Quebec Canada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversité de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Pierre‐Gabriel Roy
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine and Research CenterHôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal (CIUSSS‐NIM) Montreal Quebec Canada
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversité de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Maria Neus Ballester Roig
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine and Research CenterHôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal (CIUSSS‐NIM) Montreal Quebec Canada
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversité de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Valérie Mongrain
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine and Research CenterHôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal (CIUSSS‐NIM) Montreal Quebec Canada
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversité de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
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36
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Monoamine oxidase isoenzymes: genes, functions and targets for behavior and cancer therapy. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1553-1566. [PMID: 30259128 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1927-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters and dietary amines. Two pharmacological types with different substrate and inhibitor specificities were reported. Molecular cloning revealed that the two types of MAO were different genes expressed as different proteins with different functions. MAO A and B have identical intron-exon organization derived by duplication of a common ancestral gene thus they are termed isoenzymes. MAO A knockout mice exhibited aggression, the first clear evidence linking genes to behavior. MAO A KO mice exhibited autistic-like behaviors which could be prevented by reducing serotonin levels at an early developmental age (P1-P7) providing potential therapy. MAO B KO mice were non-aggressive and resistant to Parkinsongenic neurotoxin. More recently it was found that MAO A is overexpressed in prostate cancer and correlates with degree of malignancy. The oncogenic mechanism involves a ROS-activated AKT/FOXO1/TWIST1 signaling pathway. Deletion of MAO A reduced prostate cancer stem cells and suppressed invasive adenocarcinoma. MAO A was also overexpressed in classical Hodgkin lymphoma and glioma brain tumors. MAO B was overexpressed in glioma and non-small cell lung cancer. MAO A inhibitors reduce the growth of prostate cancer, drug sensitive and resistant gliomas and classical Hodgkin lymphoma, and enhance standard chemotherapy. Currently, we are developing NIR dye-conjugated clorgyline (MAO A inhibitor) as a novel dual therapeutic/diagnostic agent for cancer. A phase II clinical trial of MAO inhibitor for biochemical recurrent prostate cancer is ongoing. The role of MAO A and B in several cancer types opens new avenues for cancer therapies.
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37
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Ma R, Gan G, Zhang J, Ming Q, Jiang Y, Gao Y, Wang X, Yao S. MAOA genotype modulates default mode network deactivation during inhibitory control. Biol Psychol 2018; 138:27-34. [PMID: 30092258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated, in a long line of research, that the low-activity genotype of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene is associated with aggression. Previous work has linked impaired response inhibition to aggression, but little is known about how this relates to the purported MAOA-aggression relationship in adolescents. Here, we examined how MAOA genotype influences neural correlates of inhibitory control in 74 healthy male adolescents using a GoStop and a Go/Nogo task while differentiating between action cancelation and action restraint. Carriers of the low-expressing MAOA alleles (MAOA-L) did not show altered brain activation in the prefrontal-subcortical inhibition network relative to carriers of the high-expressing alleles across inhibition conditions. However, they exhibited a more pronounced deactivation during response inhibition in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and precuneus, areas belonging to the default mode network (DMN). Larger DMN suppression in MAOA-L carriers might represent a compensation mechanism for impaired cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ma
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Gabriela Gan
- Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qingsen Ming
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yali Jiang
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yidian Gao
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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38
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Kulikov AV, Gainetdinov RR, Ponimaskin E, Kalueff AV, Naumenko VS, Popova NK. Interplay between the key proteins of serotonin system in SSRI antidepressants efficacy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1452912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Kulikov
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Allan V. Kalueff
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
- Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Pesochny 197758, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Naumenko
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina K. Popova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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39
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Toshchakova VA, Bakhtiari Y, Kulikov AV, Gusev SI, Trofimova MV, Fedorenko OY, Mikhalitskaya EV, Popova NK, Bokhan NA, Hovens JE, Loonen AJ, Wilffert B, Ivanova SA. Association of Polymorphisms of Serotonin Transporter (5HTTLPR) and 5-HT2C Receptor Genes with Criminal Behavior in Russian Criminal Offenders. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 75:200-210. [PMID: 29621775 PMCID: PMC5981829 DOI: 10.1159/000487484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human aggression is a heterogeneous behavior with biological, psychological, and social backgrounds. As the biological mechanisms that regulate aggression are components of both reward-seeking and adversity-fleeing behavior, these phenomena are difficult to disentangle into separate neurochemical processes. Nevertheless, evidence exists linking some forms of aggression to aberrant serotonergic neurotransmission. We determined possible associations between 6 serotonergic neurotransmission-related gene variants and severe criminal offenses. METHODS Male Russian prisoners who were convicted for murder (n = 117) or theft (n = 77) were genotyped for variants of the serotonin transporter (5HTTLPR), tryptophan hydroxylase, tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase, or type 2C (5-HT2C) receptor genes and compared with general-population male controls (n = 161). Prisoners were psychologically phenotyped using the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory. RESULTS No differences were found between murderers and thieves either concerning genotypes or concerning psychological measures. Comparison of polymorphism distribution between groups of prisoners and controls revealed highly significant associations of 5HTTLPR and 5-HTR2C (rs6318) gene polymorphisms with being convicted for criminal behavior. CONCLUSIONS The lack of biological differences between the 2 groups of prisoners indicates that the studied 5HT-related genes do not differentiate between the types of crimes committed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina A. Toshchakova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yalda Bakhtiari
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander V. Kulikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey I. Gusev
- Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Institute of Culture”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V. Trofimova
- Psychology Department, Federal State Institution “Correctional Facility No. 43”, Penitentiary Service of Russia for the Kemerovo Region, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Yu. Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina V. Mikhalitskaya
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nina K. Popova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation,National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Johannes E. Hovens
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J.M. Loonen
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,GGZ Westelijk Noord-Brabant, Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands,*Prof. Anton J.M. Loonen, MD, PharmD, PhD, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713AV Groningen (The Netherlands), E-Mail
| | - Bob Wilffert
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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40
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Zhang W, Li Q, Deyssenroth M, Lambertini L, Finik J, Ham J, Huang Y, Tsuchiya KJ, Pehme P, Buthmann J, Yoshida S, Chen J, Nomura Y. Timing of prenatal exposure to trauma and altered placental expressions of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis genes and genes driving neurodevelopment. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12581. [PMID: 29423924 PMCID: PMC5939590 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal maternal stress increases the risk for negative developmental outcomes in offspring; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In the present study, alterations in placental gene expression associated with maternal stress were examined to clarify the potential underlying epi/genetic mechanisms. Expression levels of 40 selected genes involved in regulating foetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurodevelopment were profiled in placental tissues collected from a birth cohort established around the time of Superstorm Sandy. Objective prenatal traumatic stress was defined as whether mothers were exposed to Superstorm Sandy during pregnancy. Among the 275 mother-infant dyads, 181 dyads were delivered before Superstorm Sandy (ie, Control), 66 dyads were exposed to Superstorm Sandy during the first trimester (ie, Early Exposure) and 28 were exposed to Superstorm Sandy during the second or third trimester (ie, Mid-Late Exposure). Across all trimesters, expression of HSD11B2, MAOA, ZNF507 and DYRK1A was down-regulated among those exposed to Superstorm Sandy during pregnancy. Furthermore, trimester-specific differences were also observed: exposure during early gestation was associated with down-regulation of HSD11B1 and MAOB and up-regulation of CRHBP; exposure during mid-late gestation was associated with up-regulation of SRD5A3. The findings of the present study suggest that placental gene expression may be altered in response to traumatic stress exposure during pregnancy, and the susceptibility of these genes is dependent on the time of the exposure during pregnancy. Further studies should aim to clarify the biological mechanisms that underlie trimester-specific exposure by evaluating the differential impact on offspring neurodevelopment later in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qian Li
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, CUNY, New York, NY, United State
| | - Jacob Ham
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yongling Huang
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kenji J Tsuchiya
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Patricia Pehme
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessica Buthmann
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sachiko Yoshida
- Department of Environmental & Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Jia Chen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoko Nomura
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States
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41
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Chen K, Kardys A, Chen Y, Flink S, Tabakoff B, Shih JC. Altered gene expression in early postnatal monoamine oxidase A knockout mice. Brain Res 2017; 1669:18-26. [PMID: 28535982 PMCID: PMC5531263 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We reported previously that monoamine oxidase (MAO) A knockout (KO) mice show increased serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) levels and autistic-like behaviors characterized by repetitive behaviors, and anti-social behaviors. We showed that administration of the serotonin synthesis inhibitor para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) from post-natal day 1 (P1) through 7 (P7) in MAO A KO mice reduced the serotonin level to normal and reverses the repetitive behavior. These results suggested that the altered gene expression at P1 and P7 may be important for the autistic-like behaviors seen in MAO A KO mice and was studied here. In this study, Affymetrix mRNA array data for P1 and P7 MAO A KO mice were analyzed using Partek Genomics Suite and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis to identify genes differentially expressed versus wild-type and assess their functions and relationships. The number of significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) varied with age: P1 (664) and P7 (3307) [false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05, fold-change (FC) >1.5 for autism-linked genes and >2.0 for functionally categorized genes]. Eight autism-linked genes were differentially expressed in P1 (upregulated: NLGN3, SLC6A2; down-regulated: HTR2C, MET, ADSL, MECP2, ALDH5A1, GRIN3B) while four autism-linked genes were differentially expressed at P7 (upregulated: HTR2B; downregulated: GRIN2D, GRIN2B, CHRNA4). Many other genes involved in neurodevelopment, apoptosis, neurotransmission, and cognitive function were differentially expressed at P7 in MAO A KO mice. This result suggests that modulation of these genes by the increased serotonin may lead to neurodevelopmental alteration in MAO A KO mice and results in autistic-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chen
- Dept. of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Abbey Kardys
- Dept. of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Yibu Chen
- Norris Medical Library, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Stephen Flink
- University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, CO 80262, United States
| | - Boris Tabakoff
- University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, CO 80262, United States
| | - Jean C Shih
- Dept. of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States; USC-Taiwan Center for Translational Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States; Dept. of Cell & Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States.
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42
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Abstract
When individuals are exposed to stressful environmental challenges, the response varies widely in one or more of three components: psychology, behavior and physiology. This variability among individuals can be defined as temperament. In recent years, an increasing large body of evidence suggests that the dimensions of temperament, as well as personality, psychological disorders and behavioral traits, are influenced by genetic factors, and much of the variation appears to involve variation in genes or gene polymorphisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and the behavior-controlling neurotransmitter networks. Here, we review our current understanding of the probabilistic impact of a number of candidate gene polymorphisms that control temperament, psychological disorders and behavioral traits in animals and human, including the gene polymorphisms related to corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) production and adrenal cortisol production involved in the HPA axis, and a large number of gene polymorphisms in the dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter networks. It will very likely to assist in diagnosis and treatment of human relevant disorders, and provide useful contributions to our understanding of evolution, welfare and conservation, for animals in the wild and in production systems. Additionally, investigations of gene-gene and gene-environment complex interactions in humans and animals need further clear illustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Qiu
- a College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University , Chong Qing , PR China.,b UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Animal Biology M082, Faculty of Sciences , University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA , Australia
| | - Graeme B Martin
- b UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Animal Biology M082, Faculty of Sciences , University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA , Australia.,c Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Dominique Blache
- b UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Animal Biology M082, Faculty of Sciences , University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA , Australia
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43
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M. Type A monoamine oxidase and serotonin are coordinately involved in depressive disorders: from neurotransmitter imbalance to impaired neurogenesis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:53-66. [PMID: 28293733 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Type A monoamine oxidase (MAOA) catabolizes monoamine transmitters, serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, and plays a major role in the onset, progression and therapy of neuropsychiatric disorders. In depressive disorders, increase in MAOA expression and decrease in brain levels of serotonin and norepinephrine are proposed as the major pathogenic factors. The functional polymorphism of MAOA gene and genes in serotonin signal pathway are associated with depression. This review presents recent advance in studies on the role of MAOA in major depressive disorder and related emotional disorders. MAOA and serotonin regulate the prenatal development and postnatal maintenance of brain architecture and neurocircuit, as shown by MAOA-deficient humans and MAO knockout animal models. Impaired neurogenesis in the mature hippocampus has been proposed as "adult neurogenesis" hypothesis of depression. MAOA modulates the sensitivity to stress in the stages of brain development and maturation, and the interaction of gene-environmental factors in the early stage regulates the onset of depressive behaviors in adulthood. Vice versa environmental factors affect MAOA expression by epigenetic regulation. MAO inhibitors not only restore compromised neurotransmitters, but also protect neurons from cell death in depression through induction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and prosurvival neurotrophic factors, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the deficiency of which is detected in depression. This review discusses novel role of MAOA and serotonin in the pathogenesis and therapy of depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
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Das Bhowmik A, Sarkar K, Ghosh P, Das M, Bhaduri N, Sarkar K, Ray A, Sinha S, Mukhopadhyay K. Significance of Dopaminergic Gene Variants in the Male Biasness of ADHD. J Atten Disord 2017; 21:200-208. [PMID: 23881560 DOI: 10.1177/1087054713494004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ADHD is frequently detected in boys though there is no established cause. One possibility is that genes predisposing to ADHD have sexually dimorphic effects. With an aim to find out the reason for this male biasness, contribution of 14 functional polymorphisms was investigated in ADHD subjects. METHOD Genomic DNA of probands, their parents, and ethnically matched controls was subjected to analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs). RESULTS Case-control analysis revealed significant higher occurrence of DAT1 intron 8 VNTR "5R" allele ( p = .028), DBH rs1108580 "A" allele ( p = .027), and MAOA-u VNTR-rs6323 3R-T haplotype ( p = .007) in male probands. Family-based analysis showed significant preferential transmission of Dopamine receptor D4 exon 3 VNTR-rs1800955 7R-T haplotype from parents to male probands ( p = .008). Interaction between DBH gene variants and low enzymatic activity was also noticed, especially in male probands. CONCLUSION Data obtained may partly answer the male biasness of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneek Das Bhowmik
- 1 Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Kolkata, India.,2 Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Paramita Ghosh
- 1 Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Manali Das
- 1 Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Nipa Bhaduri
- 1 Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Kolkata, India.,3 Chembiotek, TCG Life Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Keka Sarkar
- 1 Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Ray
- 4 Department of Psychiatry, Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, India
| | - Swagata Sinha
- 1 Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Kolkata, India
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Syed SA, Nemeroff CB. Early Life Stress, Mood, and Anxiety Disorders. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2017; 1:2470547017694461. [PMID: 28649671 PMCID: PMC5482282 DOI: 10.1177/2470547017694461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress has been shown to exert profound short- and long-term effects on human physiology both in the central nervous system and peripherally. Early life stress has demonstrated clear association with many psychiatric disorders including major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and bipolar disorder. The Diagnostic and Statistics Manuel of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic categorical system has served as a necessary framework for clinical service, delivery, and research, however has not been completely matching the neurobiological research perspective. Early life stress presents a complex dynamic featuring a wide spectrum of physiologic alterations: from epigenetic alterations, inflammatory changes, to dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis and has further added to the challenge of identifying biomarkers associated with psychiatric disorders. The National Institute of Mental Health's proposed Research Domain Criteria initiative incorporates a dimensional approach to assess discrete domains and constructs of behavioral function that are subserved by identifiable neural circuits. The current neurobiology of early life stress is reviewed in accordance with dimensional organization of Research Domain Criteria matrix and how the findings as a whole fit within the Research Domain Criteria frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariful A. Syed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles B. Nemeroff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Morgan LA, Grundmann O. Preclinical and Potential Applications of Common Western Herbal Supplements as Complementary Treatment in Parkinson's Disease. J Diet Suppl 2017; 14:453-466. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2016.1263710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke A. Morgan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Oliver Grundmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Perseveration in a spatial-discrimination serial reversal learning task is differentially affected by MAO-A and MAO-B inhibition and associated with reduced anxiety and peripheral serotonin levels. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1557-1571. [PMID: 28251298 PMCID: PMC5420387 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Impairments in behavioral flexibility lie at the core of anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Few studies, however, have investigated the neural substrates of natural variation in behavioral flexibility and whether inflexible behavior is linked to anxiety and peripheral markers of stress and monoamine function. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate peripheral and central markers associated with perseverative behavior on a spatial-discrimination serial reversal learning task. METHODS Rats were trained on a reversal learning task prior to blood sampling, anxiety assessment, and the behavioral evaluation of selective monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) and MAO-B inhibitors, which block the degradation of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and noradrenaline (NA). RESULTS Perseveration correlated positively with 5-HT levels in blood plasma and inversely with trait anxiety, as measured on the elevated plus maze. No significant relationships were found between perseveration and the stress hormone corticosterone or the 5-HT precursor tryptophan. Reversal learning was significantly improved by systemic administration of the MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide but not by the MAO-B inhibitor lazabemide. Moclobemide also increased latencies to initiate a new trial following an incorrect response suggesting a possible role in modulating behavioral inhibition to negative feedback. MAO-A but not MAO-B inhibition resulted in pronounced increases in 5-HT and NA content in the orbitofrontal cortex and dorsal raphé nuclei and increased 5-HT and DA content in the basolateral amygdala and dorsomedial striatum. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that central and peripheral monoaminergic mechanisms underlie inter-individual variation in behavioral flexibility, which overlaps with trait anxiety and depends on functional MAO-A activity.
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Waltes R, Chiocchetti AG, Freitag CM. The neurobiological basis of human aggression: A review on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:650-75. [PMID: 26494515 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aggression is an evolutionary conserved behavior present in most species including humans. Inadequate aggression can lead to long-term detrimental personal and societal effects. Here, we differentiate between proactive and reactive forms of aggression and review the genetic determinants of it. Heritability estimates of aggression in general vary between studies due to differing assessment instruments for aggressive behavior (AB) as well as age and gender of study participants. In addition, especially non-shared environmental factors shape AB. Current hypotheses suggest that environmental effects such as early life stress or chronic psychosocial risk factors (e.g., maltreatment) and variation in genes related to neuroendocrine, dopaminergic as well as serotonergic systems increase the risk to develop AB. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the genetics of human aggression based on twin studies, genetic association studies, animal models, and epigenetic analyses with the aim to differentiate between mechanisms associated with proactive or reactive aggression. We hypothesize that from a genetic perspective, the aminergic systems are likely to regulate both reactive and proactive aggression, whereas the endocrine pathways seem to be more involved in regulation of reactive aggression through modulation of impulsivity. Epigenetic studies on aggression have associated non-genetic risk factors with modifications of the stress response and the immune system. Finally, we point to the urgent need for further genome-wide analyses and the integration of genetic and epigenetic information to understand individual differences in reactive and proactive AB. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Waltes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas G Chiocchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Badrey MG, Gomha SM, Arafa WAA, Abdulla MM. An Approach to Polysubstituted Triazipines, Thiadiazoles and Thiazoles Based on Benzopyran Moiety Through The Utility of Versatile Hydrazonoyl Halides asIn VitroMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G. Badrey
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Fayoum University; El-Fayoum Egypt
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Cairo; Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Wael A. A. Arafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Fayoum University; El-Fayoum Egypt
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Association of DNA methylation and monoamine oxidase A gene expression in the brains of different dog breeds. Gene 2016; 580:177-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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