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Liu X, Peng G, Liu R, Zang X, Zou C, Sun H, Zhu Q, Geng H, Liang J. Follow-up study to explore the relationship between Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and impaired fasting glucose-using the group-based trajectory modeling. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14064. [PMID: 38890369 PMCID: PMC11189411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated a link between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG), but the findings have been disputed. By conducting a real-world follow-up study, we can monitor the development of diseases and confirm the connection between NLR and IFG. A total of 1168 patients without IFG or T2DM were followed up for six years. At baseline, participants' NLR levels, fasting plasma glucose and other clinical characteristics were recorded. During the follow-up period, NLR levels and the prevalence of IFG were recorded. Ultimately, 45 individuals were lost to follow-up, leaving 1,123 participants for analysis. Using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM), the sample was divided into three groups. The prevalence of IFG in the three groups was 12.1%, 19.4%, and 20.85%, respectively. Compared with the low-level NLR group, the hazard ratio of IFG in the moderate-level NLR group and high-level NLR group were 1.628 (1.109-2.390) and 1.575 (1.001-2.497), respectively. There was a significant interaction effect of BMI and NLR on the risk of IFG (P < 0.001). In this real-world follow-up study, we observed a positive association between NLR and the risk of IFG, with this relationship being exacerbated by obesity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical Collage, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Ran Liu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical Collage, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caiyan Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical Collage, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haojie Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical Collage, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Quanshan Taishan Community Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Houfa Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical Collage, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Liang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Lu Z, Li Y, Yu H, Lopes-Virella MF, Huang Y. High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome increases ligature-induced alveolar bone loss in mice. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1312-1323. [PMID: 34914154 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been well documented that metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases severity of periodontitis. In this study, we determined the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS on alveolar bone loss in a mouse model with ligature-induced periodontitis. To understand how MetS increases bone loss, we tested our hypothesis that palmitic acid (PA), a most abundant saturated fatty acid in the HFD, interacts with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to promote osteoclastogenesis. METHODS We induced MetS by feeding mice HFD for 18 weeks and induced periodontitis with ligature placement. After treatments, we assessed alveolar bone loss using micro-computed tomography and determined osteoclastogenesis using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. To explore the mechanisms, we treated macrophages with PA, LPS or both and analyzed the osteoclast formation and cytokine expression in macrophages. RESULTS While ligature robustly induced periodontitis in mice with or without MetS, the mice with MetS had more bone loss than those without MetS. PA and LPS cooperatively induced osteoclast formation and stimulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines involved in osteoclastogenesis potentially via a FAT/CD36-dependent mechanism in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS HFD-induced MetS increases alveolar bone loss in mice with ligature-induced periodontitis, and PA and LPS cooperatively stimulate osteoclast formation and proinflammatory gene expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Lu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yanchun Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Maria F Lopes-Virella
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Bashir H, Majid S, Khan MS, Bhat MH, Hamid R, Ashraf R, Faiz S. Inter-relationship of Pro- and Anti- inflammatory Biomarkers with the development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Heikkilä P, Niskanen L, But A, Sorsa T, Haukka J. Oral health associated with incident diabetes but not other chronic diseases: A register-based cohort study. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:956072. [PMID: 36060115 PMCID: PMC9433743 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.956072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral infectious diseases are common chronic oral diseases characterized by a chronic inflammatory condition. We investigated chronic oral diseases as potential risk factors for systemic chronic diseases, diabetes mellitus, connective tissue diseases, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease, as well as severe psychotic and other severe mental disorders. Methods The cohort comprised 68,273 patients aged ≥ 29 years with at least one dental visit to the Helsinki City Health Services between 2001 and 2002. The cohort was linked to the data on death (Statistics Finland), cancer (Finnish Cancer Registry), and drug reimbursement (Finnish Social Insurance Institution) and followed until death or the end of 2013. The outcomes of interest were the incidences of chronic diseases measured starting with special refund medication, which means Social Insurance Institution partly or fully reimburses medication costs. Outcomes of interest were diabetes mellitus, connective tissue diseases, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and severe mental disorders. Results The mean follow-up time was 9.8 years. About 25% of the study population had periodontitis, 17% caries, over 70% apical periodontitis, and 9% <24 teeth at the start of follow-up. Diabetes was the only chronic systemic condition associated with oral health variables. Having 24 to 27 teeth was associated with a higher incidence rate ratio (IRR) (1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.33) compared to having 28 or more teeth; the IRR for having 23 or less was 1.40 (1.22-1.60). Having periodontitis (1.10, 1.01-1.20), caries (1.12, 1.01-1.23), or apical periodontitis (1.16, 1.04-1.30) is also associated with a higher risk of diabetes. Conclusion Our epidemiological 10 years follow-up study suggests that the association exists between chronic oral diseases and diabetes, warranting close collaboration among patient's healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Heikkilä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Niskanen
- Internal Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital Hospital and Universities of Helsinki and Eastern Finland, Lahti, Finland
| | - Anna But
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jari Haukka
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Migraine: Translational Findings and Therapeutic Potential. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152406. [PMID: 35954249 PMCID: PMC9367966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, migraine is a leading cause of disability with a huge impact on both the work and private life of affected persons. To overcome the societal migraine burden, better treatment options are needed. Increasing evidence suggests that ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are involved in migraine pathophysiology. These channels are essential both in blood glucose regulation and cardiovascular homeostasis. Experimental infusion of the KATP channel opener levcromakalim to healthy volunteers and migraine patients induced headache and migraine attacks in 82-100% of participants. Thus, this is the most potent trigger of headache and migraine identified to date. Levcromakalim likely induces migraine via dilation of cranial arteries. However, other neuronal mechanisms are also proposed. Here, basic KATP channel distribution, physiology, and pharmacology are reviewed followed by thorough review of clinical and preclinical research on KATP channel involvement in migraine. KATP channel opening and blocking have been studied in a range of preclinical migraine models and, within recent years, strong evidence on the importance of their opening in migraine has been provided from human studies. Despite major advances, translational difficulties exist regarding the possible anti-migraine efficacy of KATP channel blockage. These are due to significant species differences in the potency and specificity of pharmacological tools targeting the various KATP channel subtypes.
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Nah E, Cho S, Park H, Kim S, Cho H. Associations of complete blood count parameters with pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin resistance in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24454. [PMID: 35561266 PMCID: PMC9169217 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies found controversial associations of CBC parameters with pancreatic beta-cell function (BCF) and insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this was to determine the independent associations of CBC parameters with BCF and IR in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This study selected subjects who underwent health checkups at 16 health-promotion centers in 13 Korean cities during 2021. The subjects comprised 1470 patients with normoglycemia, 1124 with prediabetes, and 396 with T2DM. BCF and IR were assessed using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-β and HOMA-IR, respectively. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the correlation between CBC parameters and HOMA. RESULTS While HOMA-IR gradually increased according to red blood cell count quartiles (1.22, 1.40, 1.47, and 1.91, in the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively; p < 0.001), there was no correlation after adjusting for waist circumference (WC) and HbA1c. The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was associated with HOMA-β [coefficient (β) = 15.527, p = 0.002], but not with HOMA-IR. White blood cells (WBCs) were associated with HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, which was stronger in HOMA-β (β = 0.505 vs 15.171, p = 0.002) after adjusting for WC and HbA1c. The platelet count was correlated with HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, which only remained in HOMA-β (β = 15.581, p = 0.002) after adjusting for WC and HbA1c. CONCLUSION RDW, WBC, and platelet counts were independently associated with only HOMA-β in prediabetes and T2DM. This suggests that these CBC parameters could represent BCF in prediabetes and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun‐Hee Nah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research InstituteKorea Association of Health PromotionSeoulKorea
| | - Seon Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research InstituteKorea Association of Health PromotionSeoulKorea
| | - Hyeran Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research InstituteKorea Association of Health PromotionSeoulKorea
| | - Suyoung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Health Promotion Research InstituteKorea Association of Health PromotionSeoulKorea
| | - Han‐Ik Cho
- MEDIcheck LABKorea Association of Health PromotionSeoulKorea
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Li M, Huang S, Zhang Y, Song Z, Fu H, Lin Z, Huang X. Regulation of the unfolded protein response transducer IRE1α by SERPINH1 aggravates periodontitis with diabetes mellitus via prolonged ER stress. Cell Signal 2022; 91:110241. [PMID: 34998932 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hyperglycemic microenvironment induced by diabetes mellitus aggravates the inflammatory response, in which the IRE1α signal transduction pathway of the unfolded protein response (UPR) participates. However, the mechanism by which hyperglycemia regulates the IRE1α signaling pathway and affects endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis in human gingival epithelium in periodontitis with diabetes mellitus remains unknown. Our current data provide evidence that diabetes mellitus causes a hyperinflammatory response in the gingival epithelium, which accelerates periodontal inflammation. Next, we assessed UPR-IRE1α signaling in periodontitis with diabetes mellitus by examining human clinical gingival epithelium samples from healthy subjects, subjects with periodontitis and subjects with periodontitis with diabetes mellitus and by in vitro challenge of human epithelial cells with a hyperglycemic microenvironment. The results showed that a hyperglycemic microenvironment inhibited the IRE1α/XBP1 axis, decreased the expression of a UPR target gene (GRP78), and ultimately impaired the UPR, causing ER stress to be prolonged or more severe in human gingival epithelium. Subsequently, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data was analyzed to investigate the expression of ER-related genes in human gingival epithelium. Experiments verified that the mechanism by which periodontitis is aggravated in individuals with diabetes mellitus may involve decreased SERPINH1 expression. Furthermore, experiments in SERPINH1-knockdown and SERPINH1-overexpression models established in vitro indicated that SERPINH1 might act as an activator of IRE1α, maintaining human gingival epithelium homeostasis and reducing proinflammatory cytokine expression by preventing prolonged ER stress induced by high-glucose conditions. In conclusion, regulation of the UPR transducer IRE1α by SERPINH1 alleviates periodontitis with diabetes mellitus by mitigating prolonged ER stress. This finding provides evidence for the further study of periodontitis with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuheng Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhi Song
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Haijun Fu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Lin HB, Li FX, Zhang JY, You ZJ, Xu SY, Liang WB, Zhang HF. Cerebral-Cardiac Syndrome and Diabetes: Cardiac Damage After Ischemic Stroke in Diabetic State. Front Immunol 2021; 12:737170. [PMID: 34512671 PMCID: PMC8430028 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral-cardiac syndrome (CCS) refers to cardiac dysfunction following varying brain injuries. Ischemic stroke is strongly evidenced to induce CCS characterizing as arrhythmia, myocardial damage, and heart failure. CCS is attributed to be the second leading cause of death in the post-stroke stage; however, the responsible mechanisms are obscure. Studies indicated the possible mechanisms including insular cortex injury, autonomic imbalance, catecholamine surge, immune response, and systemic inflammation. Of note, the characteristics of the stroke population reveal a common comorbidity with diabetes. The close and causative correlation of diabetes and stroke directs the involvement of diabetes in CCS. Nevertheless, the role of diabetes and its corresponding molecular mechanisms in CCS have not been clarified. Here we conclude the features of CCS and the potential role of diabetes in CCS. Diabetes drives establish a “primed” inflammatory microenvironment and further induces severe systemic inflammation after stroke. The boosted inflammation is suspected to provoke cardiac pathological changes and hence exacerbate CCS. Importantly, as the key element of inflammation, NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is indicated to play an important role in diabetes, stroke, and the sequential CCS. Overall, we characterize the corresponding role of diabetes in CCS and speculate a link of NLRP3 inflammasome between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Xian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jian You
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Bin Liang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hong-Fei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Nikniaz Z, Somi MH, Dinevari MF, Taghizadieh A, Mokhtari L. Diabesity Associates with Poor COVID-19 Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:149-154. [PMID: 33927066 PMCID: PMC8277582 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although numerous studies have investigated obesity's negative effect on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, only a limited number focused on this association in diabetic patients. In this study, we analyzed the association between obesity and COVID-19 outcome (death, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, mechanical ventilation needs, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [qSOFA] score, and confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure [CURB-65] scores) for hospitalized diabetic patients. Methods In this prospective hospital-based registry of patients with COVID-19 in East Azerbaijan, Iran, 368 consecutive diabetic patients with COVID-19 were followed from admission until discharge or death. Self-reported weight and height were used to calculate body mass index (kg/m2) upon admission. Our primary endpoint was analyzing obesity and COVID-19 mortality association. Assessing the associations among obesity and disease severity, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation was our secondary endpoint. Results We analyzed data from 317 patients and found no significant difference between obese and non-obese patients regarding frequency of death, invasive mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, CURB-65, or qSOFA scores (P>0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, obese diabetic COVID-19 patients were 2.72 times more likely to die than non-obese patients. Moreover, ventilator dependence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-4.76) and ICU admission (aOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.11-5.68) odds were significantly higher for obese patients than non-obese patients. Conclusion The results of the present study indicated that obesity worsens health outcomes for diabetic COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Masood Faghih Dinevari
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz, Iran.,Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Taghizadieh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Seyhanli Z, Seyhanli A, Aksun S, Pamuk BO. Evaluation of serum Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL-2), Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL-8), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and normoglycemic pregnant women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:5647-5652. [PMID: 33615956 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1888919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of the fasting serum levels of Anjiopoetın 2 - like protein (ANGPTL2), Anjiopoetın 8-like protein (ANGPTL8), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the etiopathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and analyze the relationships between insulin resistance parameters. MATERIAL AND METHOD The 90 individuals admitted to İzmir Katip Celebi University Hospital Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Obstetrics, and gynecology outpatient clinic were included in the study of similar ages and similar demographic characteristics. Forty-five women with diet-controlled GDM and 45 women with normoglycemic pregnancy were enrolled. ANGPTL-2, ANGPTL-8, hs-CRP, creatinine, ALT, GGT, lipid profile, HBA1c(%), and serum insülin, c-peptide levels were studied in the fasting serum samples of research groups. All individuals had 75-g OGTT testing. GDM screening was performed at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Exclusion criteria were as follows: Age <18 years or >40 years, pregestational diabetes (type 1 or 2), drug or alcohol abuse, thyroid dysfunction, Hepatitis B, and other infectious diseases (Herpes virus, Streptococcus B carriers, Chlamydia and Candida), Thalassemia carriers or other significant medical conditions, the use of any medication that interferes with lipid or glucose metabolism that would affect glucose regulation. RESULT Forty-five women with GDM and for the control group, 45 women with normoglycemic pregnant women were identified. The mean gestational age was 30.7 (18-38) for GDM and 29.6 (24-39) for the control group. Serum ANGPTL-8 (GDM =19.5 ± 93 Control = 0.73 ± 3.78 p = <.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the case and control groups for serum ANGPTL-8 levels. Serum ANGPTL-2 (GDM =19.9 ± 23.1 Control = 26.0 ± 23.4 p = .105) and serum hs-CRP(GDM =106 ± 65.1 Control =98.2 ± 87.3 p = .768). There was no statistically significant difference between the case and control groups for serum ANGPTL-2 and hsCRP levels. Serum ANGPTL8 levels were positively correlated with FPG (r = 0.391, p = <.001), FPI (r = 0.212, p = .045), 1-h PPG (r = 0.514, p = <.001), 2-h PPG (r = 0.502, p = <.001), HOMA-IR) score (r = 0.310, p = .003), TG (r = 0.245, p = .020); they were not except for BMI, hs-CRP levels and ANGPTL2 levels. CONCLUSIONS ANGPTL8 levels were significantly higher in GDM than in healthy control group. ANGPTL2 levels and hs-CRP levels were similar to the healthy control group. Elevated serum ANGPTL8 levels were correlated significantly with insulin resistance parameters, the main component of GDM pathophysiology. Our data showed that ANGPTL8 could be a new biomarker for diagnosing GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Seyhanli
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Izmir Gaziemir Nevvar Salih Isgoren State Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Seyhanli
- Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Sivas Numune Hastanesi, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Saliha Aksun
- Biochemistry Department, Izmir Katip Celebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Baris Onder Pamuk
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Department Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Oral Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis Can Escape Phagocytosis of Mammalian Macrophages. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091432. [PMID: 32961960 PMCID: PMC7563140 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are phagocytic cells that play a key role in host immune response and clearance of microbial pathogens. Porphyromonas gingivalis is an oral pathogen associated with the development of periodontitis. Escape from macrophage phagocytosis was tested by infecting THP-1-derived human macrophages and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages with strains of P. gingivalis W83 and 33277 as well as Streptococcus gordonii DL1 and Escherichia coli OP50 at MOI = 100. CFU counts for all intracellular bacteria were determined. Then, infected macrophages were cultured in media without antibiotics to allow for escape and escaping bacteria were quantified by CFU counting. P. gingivalis W83 displayed over 60% of the bacterial escape from the total amount of intracellular CFUs, significantly higher compared to all other bacteria strains. In addition, bacterial escape and re-entry were also tested and P. gingivalis W83, once again, showed the highest numbers of CFUs able to exit and re-enter macrophages. Lastly, the function of the PG0717 gene of P. gingivalis W83 was tested on escape but found not related to this activity. Altogether, our results suggest that P. gingivalis W83 is able to significantly avoid macrophage phagocytosis. We propose this ability is likely linked to the chronic nature of periodontitis.
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Nolan A, Brett R, Strauss JA, Stewart CE, Shepherd SO. Short-term, but not acute, intake of New Zealand blackcurrant extract improves insulin sensitivity and free-living postprandial glucose excursions in individuals with overweight or obesity. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1253-1262. [PMID: 32648022 PMCID: PMC7987707 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Impaired postprandial glucose handling and low-grade systemic inflammation are risk factors for developing insulin resistance in individuals with overweight or obesity. Acute ingestion of anthocyanins improves postprandial glucose responses to a single carbohydrate-rich meal under strictly controlled conditions. Purpose Examine whether acute and short-term supplementation with anthocyanin-rich New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract can improve postprandial glucose responses to mixed-macronutrient meals. Methods Twenty-five overweight (BMI > 25 kg m2) sedentary individuals participated in one of the following double-blinded, randomised controlled trials: (1) ingestion of 600 mg NZBC extract or placebo prior to consumption of a high-carbohydrate, high-fat liquid meal (n = 12); (2) 8-days supplementation with NZBC extract (600 mg day−1) or placebo, with insulin sensitivity and markers of inflammation assessed on day-7, and free-living postprandial glucose (continuous glucose monitoring) assessed on day-8 (n = 13). Results A single dose of NZBC extract had no effect on 3 h postprandial glucose, insulin or triglyceride responses. However, in response to short-term NZBC extract supplementation insulin sensitivity was improved (+ 22%; P = 0.011), circulating C-reactive protein concentrations decreased (P = 0.008), and free-living postprandial glucose responses to both breakfast and lunch meals were reduced (− 9% and − 8%, respectively; P < 0.05), compared to placebo. Conclusion These novel results indicate that repeated intake, rather than a single dose of NZBC extract, is required to induce beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity and postprandial glucose handling in individuals with overweight or obesity. Continuous glucose monitoring enabled an effect of NZBC extract to be observed under free-living conditions and highlights the potential of anthocyanin-rich supplements as a viable strategy to reduce insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nolan
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Brett
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - J A Strauss
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - C E Stewart
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - S O Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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Huang Y, Chen X, You ZS, Gu F, Li L, Wang D, Liu J, Li Y, He S. The value of first-trimester platelet parameters in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:2031-2035. [PMID: 32594791 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1774543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the potential clinical value of platelet parameters in early pregnancy in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: A total of 1188 singleton pregnant women were included in the regular antenatal examination and delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2016 to December 2018, who had no pre-pregnancy diabetes, no factors leading to elevated blood glucose level, no medical complications and no other obstetrical complications. Blood routine examination was performed at the 11-13+6 gestational weeks. All pregnant women underwent 75 g OGTT directly at the 24-28th gestational weeks. And they were divided into GDM group (n = 192) and non-GDM group (n = 996). Binomial Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the ability of first-trimester platelet parameters to predict GDM, that is the sensitivity and specificity of platelet parameters at the optimal critical value.Results: There were significant differences in platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and plateletcrit (PCT) between the GDM group and the normal group (p<.05). After adjusting for the related factors such as maternal age, parity and pregestational body mass index (BMI), the MPV and PCT were correlated with the incidence of GDM (p<.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of MPV was 0.577; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.533-0.621 and that of PCT was 0.628. 95%CI 0.582-0.674. PLT and PDW were not correlated with GDM.Conclusion: MPV and PCT in early pregnancy are potential indicators in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze Shan You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinguang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Payab M, Abedi M, Foroughi Heravani N, Hadavandkhani M, Arabi M, Tayanloo-Beik A, Sheikh Hosseini M, Gerami H, Khatami F, Larijani B, Abdollahi M, Arjmand B. Brown adipose tissue transplantation as a novel alternative to obesity treatment: a systematic review. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:109-121. [PMID: 32499525 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, a global challenge, is a complex disorder linked to various diseases. Different kinds of treatments are currently used to treat or control this pandemic. Despite their positive effects on controlling obesity, they still have limitations and side effects including digestive problems, difficulties of daily infusion of some drugs, surgical complications, and weight regain. All these issues cause these conventional methods not to have desirable efficacy. In this regard, brown adipose tissue (BAT) transplantation as a new investigational treatment is proposed, which has beneficial effects with no documented side effect in studies up to now. METHODS This systematic review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration Number: CRD42018110045). The systematical search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and ProQuest databases. The quality assessments in the included studies and data gathering were conducted independently by two authors. The main variables were anthropometric indices including body weight, levels of leptin, IGF-1, glucagon, adiponectin, fasting blood glucose, and UCP-1. RESULTS Following the search in mentioned databases, ten articles were entered into this systematic review. In most studies, weight gain and white adipocyte size were reduced in the BAT transplant group. It seems that the transplantation leads to the regeneration of healthy adipose tissue by activating the endogenous BAT. CONCLUSIONS Since BAT transplantation is one of the possible future treatments of obesity, many studies are conducted to evaluate the outcomes and related procedures precisely, so it can finally step into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Abedi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Foroughi Heravani
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hadavandkhani
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Arabi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Sheikh Hosseini
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Gerami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Khatami
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang MM, Zhao Y, Wang C, Li H, Shi XX, Ren XY. [Influence of periodontal non-surgical therapy on serum interleukin 6 expression and carotid artery wall in rats with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:589-593. [PMID: 31875435 PMCID: PMC7030757 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of periodontal non-surgical treatment on serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and carotid vascular wall in a rat model of chronic periodontitis (CP) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Twenty-eight 6-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into group A (control group, 7 rats) and group B (T2DM+CP group, 21 rats). According to different intervention measures, group B was randomly subdivided into B1 (natural process), B2 (periodontal mechanical treatment), and B3 (periodontal mechanical treatment + 2% minocycline hydrochloride + systemic metronidazole plus amoxicillin). Serum IL-6 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and carotid tissue was observed under light microscopy after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS The carotid artery wall of group A was normal. In group B1, the endothelial cells disappeared, the elastic fibers of the middle membrane were disordered, the local necrosis of smooth muscle tissue was amorphous particles, a small amount of calcium salt was deposited, and the wall thickening was obvious. The endothelial cells in groups B2 and B3 disappeared, and the smooth muscle cells in the middle membrane underwent denaturation. No significant thickening of the vessel wall was noted. The serum IL-6 level in group B1 continually increased with time, and it was higher than that in group A (P<0.001). The IL-6 levels of groups B2 and B3 peaked a week after the first intervention. Subsequently, IL-6 levels gradually decreased. At the last point (five weeks after the second intervention ), the IL-6 levels of groups B2 and B3 were significantly lower than that of group B1 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS For rats with periodontitis and diabetes, periodontal mechanical treatment may elevate serum IL-6 levels in the short term but might reduce the whole inflammatory state in the long term. Thus, this treatment might be valuable to the improvement of vascular disease. The adjunctive benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in non-surgical periodontal therapy are decreased serum IL-6 expression and normal carotid artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hao Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xue-Xue Shi
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Ren
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Tian R, Tian M, Wang L, Qian H, Zhang S, Pang H, Liu Z, Fang L, Shen Z. C-reactive protein for predicting cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients: A meta-analysis. Cytokine 2019; 117:59-64. [PMID: 30826600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is interest in using blood C-reactive protein (CRP) to predict adverse prognosis outcomes patients with type 2 diabetes. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between elevated baseline CRP level and unfavorable outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients. MATERIALS/METHODS PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for studies on the association of elevated baseline CRP level with cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality from their inception to July 2018. Pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated for the highest versus the lowest CRP level. RESULTS Six prospective cohort studies and two post hoc analyses of randomized controlled trials involving 22,322 type 2 diabetes patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated that type 2 diabetes patients with the highest CRP level had a greater risk of all-cause mortality (RR 2.03; 95% CI 1.49-2.75) and cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.76; 95% CI 1.46-2.13). Subgroups analysis indicated that the increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk was consistently found in different study design, follow-up duration or patients with or without cardiovascular risk/established cardiovascular disease subgroups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates that elevated baseline serum CRP level is independently associated with future cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Mao Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Lu Zhou People's Hospital, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Haiyu Pang
- Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ligang Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhujun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
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Bellier J, Nokin MJ, Lardé E, Karoyan P, Peulen O, Castronovo V, Bellahcène A. Methylglyoxal, a potent inducer of AGEs, connects between diabetes and cancer. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 148:200-211. [PMID: 30664892 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most frequent diseases throughout the world and its incidence is predicted to exponentially progress in the future. This metabolic disorder is associated with major complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, atherosclerosis, and diabetic nephropathy, the severity of which correlates with hyperglycemia, suggesting that they are triggered by high glucose condition. Reducing sugars and reactive carbonyl species such as methylglyoxal (MGO) lead to glycation of proteins, lipids and DNA and the gradual accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in cells and tissues. While AGEs are clearly implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications, their potential involvement during malignant tumor development, progression and resistance to therapy is an emerging concept. Meta-analysis studies established that patients with diabetes are at higher risk of developing cancer and show a higher mortality rate than cancer patients free of diabetes. In this review, we highlight the potential connection between hyperglycemia-associated AGEs formation on the one hand and the recent evidence of pro-tumoral effects of MGO stress on the other hand. We also discuss the marked interest in anti-glycation compounds in view of their strategic use to treat diabetic complications but also to protect against augmented cancer risk in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Bellier
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Julie Nokin
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Eva Lardé
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, UMR 7203, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Karoyan
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, UMR 7203, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Belgium.
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Risk of autoimmune rheumatic diseases in patients with palindromic rheumatism: A nationwide, population-based, cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201340. [PMID: 30048527 PMCID: PMC6062130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the relative risk of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjogren’s syndrome (SS), dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM), among patients with palindromic rheumatism (PR) compared with non-PR individuals. Methods The study utilized 2003–2013 claims data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 4,421 cases of PR from 2007 to 2012 and randomly chose 44,210 non-PR individuals who matched (1:10) for age, sex and the year of index date without prior history of RA, SLE, SSc, SS, DM, or PM. After adjusting for age, sex, and the Charlson comorbidity index, we calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Cox proportional hazard model to quantify the risk of RA, SLE, SS, DM and PM in PR patients compared with that in matched non-PR individuals. Results Among the 4,421 patients with PR, 569 (12.87%) developed RA, 269 (6.08%) developed SS, 113 (2.56%) developed SLE, 5 (0.11%) developed SSc, 8 (0.18%) developed PM, and 1 (0.02%) developed DM. After adjusting for potential confounders, the patients with PR had an increased risk of RA (HR, 118.76; 95% CI, 89.81–157.04), SS (HR, 59.57; 95% CI, 43.87–80.88), SLE (HR, 51.56; 95% CI, 32.96–80.66) PM (HR, 57.38; 95% CI, 6.90–476.83), and SSc (HR, 13.42; 95% CI, 3.79–47.55) but not of DM (HR, 3.44; 95% CI, 0.34–34.59). Conclusion Patients with PR had an increased risk of developing RA, SS, SLE, PM, and SSc.
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Yin Y, Ye S, Wang H, Li B, Wang A, Yan W, Dou J, Mu Y. Red blood cell distribution width and the risk of being in poor glycemic control among patients with established type 2 diabetes. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018; 14:265-273. [PMID: 29497303 PMCID: PMC5818876 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s155753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The red cell distribution width (RDW) has been shown to be associated with the incidence and complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the relevance of RDW with the risk of being in poor glycemic control among patients with established T2D is largely overlooked. Methods A total of 702 T2D participants from the REACTION study were enrolled in this study. Blood routine index, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c and lipid profile data were available for all of the enrolled population. Results The univariate logistic analysis revealed a significant association between RDW and the risk of being in poor glycemic control among T2D subjects with an odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.5 and 0.3–0.8, respectively, for the fourth vs the first quartile of RDW. The association strengthened after multivariable adjustment (OR [95% CI]: 0.3 [0.2–0.7]). Interaction and stratified analyses indicated that this association was seen only among T2D subjects with lower body mass index and/or serum lipid levels. Conclusion T2D patients with higher RDW had significantly lower risk of being in poor glycemic control. RDW may contribute to risk assessment for T2D individuals at risk of being in poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sisi Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Anping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtao Dou
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Borgnakke WS, Ylöstalo PV, Taylor GW, Genco RJ. Effect of periodontal disease on diabetes: systematic review of epidemiologic observational evidence. J Periodontol 2016; 84:S135-52. [PMID: 23631574 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.1340013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus are common, chronic diseases worldwide. Epidemiologic and biologic evidence suggest periodontal disease may affect diabetes. OBJECTIVE To systematically review non-experimental, epidemiologic evidence for effects of periodontal disease on diabetes control, complications and incidence. DATA SOURCES Electronic bibliographic databases, supplemented by hand searches of recent and future issues of relevant journals. Study eligibility criteria and participants: Longitudinal and cross-sectional epidemiologic, non-interventional studies that permit determination of directionality of observed effects were included. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Four reviewers evaluated pair-wise each study. Review findings regarding study results and quality were summarized in tables by topic, using the PRISMA Statement for reporting and the Newcastle-Ottawa System for quality assessment, respectively. From 2246 citations identified and available abstracts screened, 114 full-text reports were assessed and 17 included in the review. RESULTS A small body of evidence supports significant, adverse effects of periodontal disease on glycaemic control, diabetes complications, and development of type 2 (and possibly gestational) diabetes. LIMITATIONS There were only a limited number of eligible studies, several of which included small sample sizes. Exposure and outcome parameters varied, and the generalizability of their results was limited. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS Current evidence suggests that periodontal disease adversely affects diabetes outcomes, and that further longitudinal studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenche S Borgnakke
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
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Borgnakke WS, Ylöstalo PV, Taylor GW, Genco RJ. Effect of periodontal disease on diabetes: systematic review of epidemiologic observational evidence. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 40 Suppl 14:S135-52. [PMID: 23627324 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus are common, chronic diseases worldwide. Epidemiologic and biologic evidence suggest periodontal disease may affect diabetes. OBJECTIVE To systematically review non-experimental, epidemiologic evidence for effects of periodontal disease on diabetes control, complications and incidence. DATA SOURCES Electronic bibliographic databases, supplemented by hand searches of recent and future issues of relevant journals. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AND PARTICIPANTS: Longitudinal and cross-sectional epidemiologic, non-interventional studies that permit determination of directionality of observed effects were included. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Four reviewers evaluated pair-wise each study. Review findings regarding study results and quality were summarized in tables by topic, using the PRISMA Statement for reporting and the Newcastle-Ottawa System for quality assessment, respectively. From 2246 citations identified and available abstracts screened, 114 full-text reports were assessed and 17 included in the review. RESULTS A small body of evidence supports significant, adverse effects of periodontal disease on glycaemic control, diabetes complications, and development of type 2 (and possibly gestational) diabetes. LIMITATIONS There were only a limited number of eligible studies, several of which included small sample sizes. Exposure and outcome parameters varied, and the generalizability of their results was limited. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS Current evidence suggests that periodontal disease adversely affects diabetes outcomes, and that further longitudinal studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenche S Borgnakke
- University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
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Sahbaz A, Cicekler H, Aynioglu O, Isik H, Ozmen U. Comparison of the predictive value of plateletcrit with various other blood parameters in gestational diabetes development. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2016; 36:589-93. [PMID: 26758049 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1110127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes is the most encountered metabolic disease in pregnancy and affects both the mother and fetus adversely. Low-grade subchronic inflammation is associated with gestational diabetes development. Platelets (PLT) play role in blood coagulation and inflammatory process. We aimed to compare the various platelet indices in patients with GDM and healthy pregnant controls and to determine whether PLT indices are useful in Gestational diabetes diagnosis. The present study was performed at the Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Statistically significant relationships with plateletcrit, mean platelet volume, and platelet distribution width and patients with GDM were found (p < 0.001). Plateletcrit had higher sensitivity and specificity than other platelet indices. Although plateletcrit is a largely unknown or an underestimated parameter in complete blood count, it gives more precise information than platelet count and mean platelet volume. Platelet-related indices and their determination are inexpensive and routinely ordered markers, the significance of which is often ignored. They may be useful in screening for gestational diabetes as an adjunct to oral glucose tolerance test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Sahbaz
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine , Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University , Kozlu , Zonguldak , Turkey and
| | - Humeyra Cicekler
- b Department of Biochemistry , Zonguldak Ataturk Public Hospital , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Oner Aynioglu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine , Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University , Kozlu , Zonguldak , Turkey and
| | - Hatice Isik
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine , Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University , Kozlu , Zonguldak , Turkey and
| | - Ulku Ozmen
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine , Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University , Kozlu , Zonguldak , Turkey and
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Impact of glycemic control on oral health status in type 2 diabetes individuals and its association with salivary and plasma levels of chromogranin A. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 62:10-9. [PMID: 26605682 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of glycemic control status in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals on clinical oral health indicators and to compare the concentrations of plasma and salivary chromogranin A (CHGA) among nondiabetic subjects and T2DM patients, exploring their associations. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, 32 patients with controlled T2DM, 31 with poorly controlled T2DM and 37 nondiabetic subjects underwent a clinical and periodontal examination. CHGA concentrations were determined in saliva and plasma with ELISA. RESULTS Poorly controlled T2DM group exhibited significantly higher mean buffering capacity, plaque index and bleeding on probing than other groups (P<0.05). No difference was found to DMFT (decayed, missed and filled teeth) index between groups. Sites with clinical attachment loss (CAL) of 4 and 5-6mm were significantly higher in both diabetic groups compared to control group (P<0.05). Poorly controlled T2DM group had significantly higher sites with CAL ≥ 7 mm than other groups (P=0.001). Significantly higher plasma and salivary CHGA levels were found in T2DM groups (P<0.05). In both diabetic groups, probing depths 5-6mm and CAL 5-6mm were associated with higher salivary CHGA concentration (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that T2DM patients were more prone to periodontal tissue damage than to caries risk. The results also provide some evidence that the degree of attachment loss deteriorates significantly with poor glycemic control in T2DM (CAL ≥ 7 mm). Moreover, the results suggest that high concentrations of salivary CHGA are associated with worse periodontal parameters and T2DM, and this could be related to the pathogenesis of both diseases.
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Turyk M, Fantuzzi G, Persky V, Freels S, Lambertino A, Pini M, Rhodes DH, Anderson HA. Persistent organic pollutants and biomarkers of diabetes risk in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 140:335-44. [PMID: 25913152 PMCID: PMC4492847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is associated with increased diabetes risk, although the mechanism of action is not well delineated. METHODS We investigated established diabetes biomarkers that could implicate potential mechanistic pathways, including C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation; gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), a liver enzyme associated with oxidative stress; and adiponectin, an adipokine modulating glucose regulation and fatty acid oxidation. These biomarkers as well as hemoglobin A1c (HA1c), and POPs [polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)] were measured in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish (GLSCF) consumers. We examined associations of POPs and fish consumption with HA1c and incident diabetes, and evaluated mediation and moderation by the diabetes biomarkers. RESULTS Odds of incident diabetes were elevated with exposure to DDE and PCBs. DDE and PCB 118 were positively, and fish meals were inversely, associated with HA1c. CRP was inversely associated with saltwater and total fish meals, particularly in persons with higher adiposity, but did not mediate the associations of fish meals with HA1c. There were few associations of POPs with adiponectin, CRP and GGT, with the exception of positive associations of PCB 118 with GGT, PBDEs with GGT in older persons, and PBDEs with adiponectin. Adiponectin, CRP and GGT did not mediate associations of DDE and PCBs with HA1c or incident diabetes. However, the association of DDE with HA1c was stronger in persons with higher CRP, GGT and BMI, and lower adiponectin, while the association of PCB 118 with HA1c was stronger in persons with higher GGT. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that adiponectin, CRP and GGT did not mediate effects of POPs on diabetes or HA1c. However, POPs may have stronger effects on blood glucose in persons at higher risk for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Turyk
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 1603 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, 1919 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Victoria Persky
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 1603 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Sally Freels
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 1603 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Anissa Lambertino
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 1603 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Maria Pini
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, 1919 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 872, Paris F-75006, France; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Davina H Rhodes
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, 1919 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Henry A Anderson
- Wisconsin Division of Public Health, 1 W. Wilson St., Room 150, Madison, WI 53702, United States
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25
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Liu Y, Liu SX, Cai Y, Xie KL, Zhang WL, Zheng F. Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on the glycolipid metabolism and inflammation levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2365-71. [PMID: 26311110 PMCID: PMC4540883 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on glycolipid metabolism and inflammation levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. [Subjects and Methods] Forty-two diabetes patients were randomized to the conventional therapy group (n = 20) or intensive therapy group (n = 22). The control group contained 20 healthy people. The conventional therapy group received routine drug therapy and diet control, while the intensive therapy group additionally underwent combined aerobic and resistance training for 12 weeks. The oral glucose tolerance test and cardiopulmonary exercise testing were performed. Toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κBp65 protein and mRNA expressions were determined by qPCR and western blotting. ELISA was used to determine the expression levels of interleukin-18, interleukin-33, pentraxin-related protein 3, and human cartilage glycoprotein 39. [Results] After exercise training, the intensive therapy group had significantly lower postprandial blood glucose, postprandial insulin, and glycated hemoglobin level and insulin resistance index than the conventional therapy group. The intensive therapy group had significantly lower toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κBp65 protein and mRNA expressions, and serum interleukin-18 levels but significantly higher serum interleukin-33 levels. [Conclusion] Combined aerobic and resistance training can improve glycolipid metabolism and reduce low-grade inflammation in patients with diabetes mellitus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of
Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Sui-xin Liu
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of
Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of
Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Kang-ling Xie
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of
Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Wen-liang Zhang
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of
Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Fan Zheng
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of
Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
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26
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Gunawardana SC, Piston DW. Insulin-independent reversal of type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice with brown adipose tissue transplant. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 308:E1043-55. [PMID: 25898954 PMCID: PMC4469812 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00570.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional therapies for type 1 diabetes (T1D) involve insulin replacement or islet/pancreas transplantation and have numerous limitations. Our previous work demonstrated the ability of embryonic brown adipose tissue (BAT) transplants to establish normoglycemia without insulin in chemically induced models of insulin-deficient diabetes. The current study sought to extend the technique to an autoimmune-mediated T1D model and document the underlying mechanisms. In nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, BAT transplants result in complete reversal of T1D associated with rapid and long-lasting euglycemia. In addition, BAT transplants placed prior to the onset of diabetes on NOD mice can prevent or significantly delay the onset of diabetes. As with streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic models, euglycemia is independent of insulin and strongly correlates with decrease of inflammation and increase of adipokines. Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is the first hormone to increase following BAT transplants. Adipose tissue of transplant recipients consistently express IGF-I compared with little or no expression in controls, and plasma IGF-I levels show a direct negative correlation with glucose, glucagon, and inflammatory cytokines. Adipogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of IGF-I may stimulate regeneration of new healthy white adipose tissue, which in turn secretes hypoglycemic adipokines that substitute for insulin. IGF-I can also directly decrease blood glucose through activating insulin receptor. These data demonstrate the potential for insulin-independent reversal of autoimmune-induced T1D with BAT transplants and implicate IGF-I as a likely mediator in the resulting equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadra C Gunawardana
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David W Piston
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Raiten DJ, Sakr Ashour FA, Ross AC, Meydani SN, Dawson HD, Stephensen CB, Brabin BJ, Suchdev PS, van Ommen B. Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE). J Nutr 2015; 145:1039S-1108S. [PMID: 25833893 PMCID: PMC4448820 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.194571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing recognition has emerged of the complexities of the global health agenda—specifically, the collision of infections and noncommunicable diseases and the dual burden of over- and undernutrition. Of particular practical concern are both 1) the need for a better understanding of the bidirectional relations between nutritional status and the development and function of the immune and inflammatory response and 2) the specific impact of the inflammatory response on the selection, use, and interpretation of nutrient biomarkers. The goal of the Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE) is to provide guidance for those users represented by the global food and nutrition enterprise. These include researchers (bench and clinical), clinicians providing care/treatment, those developing and evaluating programs/interventions at scale, and those responsible for generating evidence-based policy. The INSPIRE process included convening 5 thematic working groups (WGs) charged with developing summary reports around the following issues: 1) basic overview of the interactions between nutrition, immune function, and the inflammatory response; 2) examination of the evidence regarding the impact of nutrition on immune function and inflammation; 3) evaluation of the impact of inflammation and clinical conditions (acute and chronic) on nutrition; 4) examination of existing and potential new approaches to account for the impact of inflammation on biomarker interpretation and use; and 5) the presentation of new approaches to the study of these relations. Each WG was tasked with synthesizing a summary of the evidence for each of these topics and delineating the remaining gaps in our knowledge. This review consists of a summary of the INSPIRE workshop and the WG deliberations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Raiten
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD;
| | - Fayrouz A Sakr Ashour
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - A Catharine Ross
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Veterinary and Biomedical Science and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Simin N Meydani
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Harry D Dawson
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, Davis, CA
| | - Bernard J Brabin
- Child and Reproductive Health Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Global Child Health Group, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Parminder S Suchdev
- Department of Pediatrics and Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and
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Oarada M, Takahashi-Nakaguchi A, Abe T, Nikawa T, Miki T, Gonoi T. Refeeding with glucose rather than fructose elicits greater hepatic inflammatory gene expression in mice. Nutrition 2014; 31:757-65. [PMID: 25837224 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously reported that refeeding after a 48-h fast, used as a study model of starvation and refeeding, promotes acute liver inflammatory gene expression, which is at least partly mediated by toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). We also previously demonstrated that dietary carbohydrates play critical roles in this process. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of refeeding with different carbohydrate sources. METHODS Mice were fasted for 46 h and then refed with 1.5% (w/w) agar gel containing 19% carbohydrate (sources: α-cornstarch, glucose, sucrose, or fructose). The liver expression of inflammatory and other specific genes was then sequentially measured for the first 14 h after refeeding initiation. RESULTS Fasting for 46 h up-regulated the liver expression of endogenous ligands for TLRs (HspA5, Hsp90 aa1, and Hspd1). Refeeding with agar gel containing α-cornstarch or glucose increased the liver expression of Tlr2, proinflammatory genes (Cxcl2, Cxcl10, Cxcl1, Nfkb1, Nfkb2, RelB, Sectm1α, Il1β), stress response genes (Atf3, Asns, Gadd45 a, Perk, Inhbe), detoxification genes (Hmox1, Gsta1, Abca8b), genes involved in tissue regeneration (Gdf15, Krt23, Myc, Tnfrsf12a, Mthfd2), and genes involved in tumor suppression (p53, Txnrd1, Btg2). This refeeding also moderately but significantly elevated the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase. These effects were attenuated in mice refed with agar gel containing sucrose or fructose. CONCLUSION Dietary glucose, rather than fructose, plays a critical role in refeeding-induced acute liver inflammatory gene expression and moderate hepatocyte destruction. Further studies are recommended regarding the role of these effects in liver inflammation and, consequently, liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoko Oarada
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | | | - Tomoki Abe
- Department of Nutrition, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nikawa
- Department of Nutrition, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Miki
- Department of Medical Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tohru Gonoi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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James-Todd T, Wise L, Boggs D, Rich-Edwards J, Rosenberg L, Palmer J. Preterm birth and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes in black women. Epidemiology 2014; 25:805-10. [PMID: 25166879 PMCID: PMC4180791 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes is a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Little is known about the relation of other common pregnancy complications, such as preterm birth, to risk of type 2 diabetes. METHODS We assessed preterm birth in relation to incident type 2 diabetes among 31,101 participants from the Black Women's Health Study. Preterm birth, defined as <37 weeks gestation, was reported at baseline (1995) and on subsequent biennial follow-up questionnaires. Self-reported type 2 diabetes diagnoses were ascertained on biennial questionnaires through 2009. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS At baseline, 5162 participants (19%) reported a history of giving birth preterm, of which 16% occurred at <32 weeks gestation. A total of 3261 cases of type 2 diabetes were ascertained during follow-up. Ever having had a preterm birth was associated with a 20% increased risk (95% CI = 1.11-1.31) after adjusting for age at first birth, family history of diabetes, education, respondent having been born preterm, and body mass index. Gestational age <32 weeks was associated with the greatest risk (IRR = 1.27 [95% CI = 1.06-1.51]). Among women without a history of gestational diabetes, the IRR for type 2 diabetes among women who ever had a preterm birth was 1.17 (1.07-1.28). CONCLUSION Preterm birth was associated with an increased type 2 diabetes risk in black mothers, independent of gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamarra James-Todd
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02120
| | - Lauren Wise
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Deborah Boggs
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Janet Rich-Edwards
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02120
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Julie Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
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30
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Engström G, Smith JG, Persson M, Nilsson PM, Melander O, Hedblad B. Red cell distribution width, haemoglobin A1c and incidence of diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med 2014; 276:174-83. [PMID: 24471821 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperglycaemia has multiple effects on the red blood cell (RBC), including glycation of haemoglobin, reduced deformability and reduced lifespan. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of the heterogeneity of erythrocyte volumes. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between RDW and glucose, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS RDW and mean corpuscular volume were measured in 26 709 non-diabetic participants (aged 45-73 years) from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. HbA1c and fasting venous blood glucose levels were measured in 4845 subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incidence of DM (n = 2944) over 14 years of follow-up was studied by linkage with national and local DM registers. RESULTS Individuals with low RDW had significantly higher risk of developing DM [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-1.70, for 1st vs. 4th quartile], especially in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (n = 416) (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.12-4.14). Low RDW was also associated with significantly higher waist circumference and glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations. By contrast, RDW was significantly and positively associated with HbA1c, corresponding an increase in HbA1c of 0.10% per 1 SD increase in RDW. CONCLUSION Low RDW is associated with increased incidence of DM independently of other risk factors. We propose that low RDW could be a surrogate marker of reduced RBC survival, with lower HbA1c due to shorter duration of glucose exposure. RDW is a biomarker that could improve risk assessment for individuals at risk of developing DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Nary FC, Santos RD, Laurinavicius AG, Conceição RDDO, Carvalho JAMD. Relevance of prehypertension as a diagnostic category in asymptomatic adults. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2014; 11:303-9. [PMID: 24136756 PMCID: PMC4878588 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082013000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association of prehypertension with metabolic, inflammatory and cardiovascular risk profile in asymptomatic individuals. METHODS Between 2006 and 2009, 11,011 asymptomatic adults (mean age: 43 years; 22% females), underwent a check-up protocol. They were divided into 3 groups: normotensive group (arterial pressure=120/80mmHg), prehypertensive group (arterial pressure >120/80mmHg and <140/90mmHg) and hypertensive group (arterial pressure>140/90mmHg or prior diagnosis of hypertension). Each group metabolic and cardiovascular group profile was assessed. RESULTS The prevalence of normotension, prehypertension and hypertension was 27.9%, 53.9% and 18.2%, respectively. Prehypertensive individuals were older (mean age: 42.7 versus 40 years; p<0.001) than normotensive patients, and had higher body mass index (mean: 26.7kg/m² versus 24kg/m²; p<0.001), higher plasma triglycerides levels (mean: 139mg/dL versus 108mg/dL; p<0.001), higher LDL-choleterol levels (mean: 128mg/dL versus 117mg/dL; p<0.001), and lower HDL-cholesterol (mean: 46.7mg/dL versus 52.7mg/dL; p<0.001). Prehypertensive individuals were more likely to have impaired fasting glucose (OR: 1.69; 95%CI: 1.39-2.04), overweight and obesity - body mass index >25kg/m² (OR: 2.48; 95%CI: 2.24-2.74), hepatic steatosis: (OR: 2.23; 95%CI: 1.97-2.53), metabolic syndrome (OR: 3.05; 95%CI: 2.67-3.49), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels>2mg/L (OR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.35-1.71). CONCLUSION Prehypertension is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis and subclinical inflammation.
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Guerrero-Romero F, Simental-Mendía LE, Rodríguez-Morán M. Association of C-reactive protein levels with fasting and postload glucose levels according to glucose tolerance status. Arch Med Res 2013; 45:70-5. [PMID: 24326321 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several studies show that high serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetes, data that strongly supports a possible role for inflammation in diabetogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether elevated CRP levels are associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and/or postload glucose levels according to the glucose tolerance status. METHODS A total of 169 healthy males and non-pregnant females aged 18-65 years were enrolled in a population-based cross-sectional study. Individuals were allocated into groups with a new diagnosis of normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (n = 82), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (n = 54), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n = 33). Elevated CRP was defined by CRP levels >3.0 and <10.0 mg/L, IFG by FPG ≥100 and <126 mg/dL, and IGT by plasma glucose concentration 2 h postload ≥140 and <200 mg/dL. A multiple regression linear analysis adjusted by body mass index, waist circumference, and lipid profile was performed to evaluate the association between CRP levels (independent variable) with FPG and 2 h postload glucose levels (dependent variables). RESULTS Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a significant association between hsCRP levels with FPG (β = 0.536; 95% CI 1.03-5.1, p = 0.005) and 2 h postload glucose (β = 0.209; 95% CI 1.31-2.97, p = 0.01) in the IGT group, but not with FPG (β = 0.147; 95% CI 0.55-2.0, p = 0.25) and 2 h postload glucose (β = 0.151; 95% CI 0.83-3.2, p = 0.24) in the IFG group. CONCLUSIONS Elevated CRP levels are associated with FPG and 2 h postload glucose in the individuals with IGT, but not in subjects with IFG or NGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Guerrero-Romero
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Mexico, and General Hospital, Secretary of Health, Durango, Mexico
| | - Luis E Simental-Mendía
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Mexico, and General Hospital, Secretary of Health, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Martha Rodríguez-Morán
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Mexico, and General Hospital, Secretary of Health, Durango, Mexico
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Faghihimani E, Aminorroaya A, Rezvanian H, Adibi P, Ismail-Beigi F, Amini M. Salsalate improves glycemic control in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2013; 50:537-43. [PMID: 21938543 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-011-0329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated whether treatment with salsalate, an anti-inflammatory medication, improves glycemia in a group of newly diagnosed drug-naïve patients with T2DM. The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diagnosis of T2DM was made within 2 months of enrollment, and participants had not received any anti-glycemic agent. Sixty adults were randomized to receive salsalate (3 g/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin, glucose 2 h after 75 g oral glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B were determined before and after treatment. Salsalate reduced fasting glucose from 6.3 ± 0.2 mmol/l to 5.4 ± 0.2 mmol/l (P < 0.01) and TG from 1.9 ± 0.2 mmol/l to 1.5 ± 0.2 mmol/l (P < 0.03). Fasting insulin levels were increased in the salsalate group from 18.8 ± 1.6 to 21.6 ± 3.9, while they decreased in the placebo group. HbA1c rose in the placebo group from 6.2% ± 0.2 to 7.9% ± 1.1 mmol/mol, but decreased in the intervention group from 6.1% ± 0.5 to 5.6% ± 0.2 mmol/mol (P < 0.04 for between-group comparison). HOMA-IR did not change but HOMA-B increased ~1.7-fold (P = 0.06) in the salsalate group. The results show that salsalate is effective in improving glycemic control in newly diagnosed naïve patients with T2DM. The optimal duration of treatment with salsalate and sustainability of its effect requires further study (IRCT138709011465N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Faghihimani
- Isfahan Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,
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Luft VC, Schmidt MI, Pankow JS, Couper D, Ballantyne CM, Young JH, Duncan BB. Chronic inflammation role in the obesity-diabetes association: a case-cohort study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2013; 5:31. [PMID: 23806173 PMCID: PMC3698103 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-5-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is related to both obesity and diabetes. Our aim was to investigate to what extent this inflammation contributes to the association between obesity and diabetes. METHODS Using a case-cohort design, we followed 567 middle-aged individuals who developed diabetes and 554 who did not over 9 years within the ARIC Study. Weighted Cox proportional hazards analyses permitted statistical inference to the entire cohort. RESULTS Obese individuals (BMI≥30 kg/m2), compared to those with BMI<25 kg/m2, presented a large increased risk of developing diabetes (HR[obesity]=6.4, 95%CI 4.5-9.2), as did those in the highest (compared to the lowest) quartile of waist circumference (HR[waist]=8.3, 95%CI 5.6-12.3), in analyses adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, study center, and parental history of diabetes. Notably, further adjustment for adiponectin and inflammation markers halved the magnitude of these associations (HR[obesity]=3.2, 95%CI 2.1-4.7; and HR[waist]=4.2, 95%CI 2.8-6.5). In similar modeling, attenuation obtained by adding fasting insulin, instead of these markers, was only slightly more pronounced HR[obesity]=2.7, 95%CI 1.7-4.1; and HR[waist]=3.6, 95%CI 2.3-5.8). CONCLUSIONS The marked decrease in the obesity-diabetes association after taking into account inflammation markers and adipokines indicates their major role in the pathways leading to adult onset of diabetes in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian C Luft
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria I Schmidt
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - David Couper
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - J Hunter Young
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Bruce B Duncan
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Doi Y, Ninomiya T, Hirakawa Y, Takahashi O, Mukai N, Hata J, Iwase M, Kitazono T, Oike Y, Kiyohara Y. Angiopoietin-like protein 2 and risk of type 2 diabetes in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama study. Diabetes Care 2013; 36:98-100. [PMID: 22966088 PMCID: PMC3526200 DOI: 10.2337/dc12-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine, for the first time, the association between a novel inflammatory cytokine, angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) 2, and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2,164 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged 40 to 79 years without diabetes were followed up for 7 years. Serum ANGPTL2 levels were divided into quartile categories at baseline: <2.15, 2.16-2.71, 2.72-3.40, and ≥3.41 ng/mL. During follow-up, 221 participants developed T2DM. RESULTS In multivariate analyses, after adjusting for comprehensive risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, the risk of developing T2DM was significantly higher in the highest ANGPTL2 quartile than in the lowest quartile (hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.14-2.85; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum ANGPTL2 levels were positively associated with the development of T2DM in a general population, independent of other risk factors including hs-CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Doi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Functional characterization of TLR4 +3725 G/C polymorphism and association with protection against overweight. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50992. [PMID: 23239997 PMCID: PMC3519812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Subclinical low-grade systemic inflammation has been associated with obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (MS). Recent studies have highlighted the role of gut microbiota in these disorders. The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a key role in the innate immune response activation. We studied two polymorphisms (+3725G/C and 11350G/C) in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of the TLR4 gene that may alter its expression and their association with metabolic disorders related to systemic inflammation. We cloned the 3′UTR into a luciferase reporter system and compared wild-type 3′UTR (WT) and +3725C variant (MUT) constructs luciferase activities. MUT construct reduced the reporter gene activity by 30% compared to WT (P = 0.0001). To evaluate the association between these polymorphisms with biochemical and clinical overweight related variables, we conducted a population cross-sectional study in 966 men of Argentine general population. Considering smoking as a confounding variable that causes systemic inflammation, we studied these possible effects in both, smokers and nonsmokers. The 11350G/C polymorphism was not detected in our sample whereas the CC genotype of +3725 polymorphism was associated with lean subjects (p = 0.011) and higher Adiponectin levels (p = 0.021). Subjects without any NCEP/ATP III MS component were associated with this genotype as well (p = 0.001). These results were strengthened in nonsmokers, in which CC genotype was associated with lean subjects (p = 0.003) and compared with G carriers showed significantly lower BMI (25.53 vs. 28.60 kg/m2; p = 0.023) and waist circumference (89.27 vs. 97.51 cm; p = 0.025). None of these associations were found in smokers. These results showed that +3725C variant has a functional effect down-regulating gene expression and it could be considered as a predictive factor against overweight, particularly in nonsmokers. Considering the role of TLR4 in inflammation, these findings would suggest that the presence of +3725C variant could predict a lower prevalence of chronic metabolic disorders.
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Luo R, Li X, Jiang R, Gao X, Lü Z, Hua W. Serum concentrations of resistin and adiponectin and their relationship to insulin resistance in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:621-30. [PMID: 22613423 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study measured the serum concentrations of resistin and adiponectin in Chinese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and investigated their association with insulin resistance, metabolic parameters and circulating inflammatory markers. METHODS A total of 124 subjects participated in the study (44 with IGT and 80 with normal glucose tolerance [NGT]). Fasting serum concentrations of lipids, glucose, insulin and adipocytokines (resistin, adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein) were measured. RESULTS Serum resistin concentrations were similar in the IGT and NGT groups but were significantly higher in overweight/ obese IGT subjects than in those of normal weight. Serum adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in the IGT group than in the NGT group. In the IGT group, resistin was positively correlated with age, body mass index and TNF-α, and adiponectin was correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and negatively with TNF-α and waist/hip ratio. CONCLUSIONS Circulating resistin is unlikely to be a major mediator of glucose tolerance in humans but it may have an inflammatory role in IGT. The data support the theory that circulating adiponectin has an anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin resistance function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Luo
- Medical Scientific Research Centre, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Depression and type 2 diabetes: Inflammatory mechanisms of a psychoneuroendocrine co-morbidity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2012; 36:658-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
In developing and validating the concept of frailty as a geriatric syndrome, it has been necessary to distinguish the clinical expression of frailty from normal age-related changes and other age-related disease pathologies. A framework for excluding potentially confounding disease and a working clinical tool to diagnose frailty have been provided. The associations between frailty and other pathophysiologies has also been shown. However, investigating the underlying biologic basis for the geriatric syndrome of frailty by studying basic homeostatic pathways and mechanisms has not proceeded at the same rate. The following article provides an overview of the homeostatic pathways emphasized in research on aging and explains how this science may help to stimulate frailty research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal S Fedarko
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Willemen MJ, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK, Straus SM, Meyboom RH, Egberts TC, Leufkens HG. Use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and the reporting of infections: a disproportionality analysis in the World Health Organization VigiBase. Diabetes Care 2011; 34:369-74. [PMID: 21270195 PMCID: PMC3024351 DOI: 10.2337/dc10-1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. They inactivate incretin hormones but also have many other effects throughout the body, among which are effects on the immune system. This might result in an increased infection risk. This study assessed the association between use of DPP-4 inhibitors and the reporting of infections. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A nested case-control was conducted using VigiBase, the World Health Organization-Adverse Drug Reactions (WHO-ADR) database. The base cohort consisted of ADRs for antidiabetic drugs (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code A10). Cases were defined as ADRs of infection according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) classification system. All other ADRs were considered controls. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) were calculated to estimate the strength of the association between different classes of antidiabetic drugs and the reporting of infections. RESULTS We identified 305,415 suspected ADRs involving antidiabetic drugs in 106,469 case reports, of which 8,083 involved DPP-4 inhibitors monotherapy. Overall, the reporting of infections was higher for patients using DPP-4 inhibitors compared with users of biguanides (ROR 2.3 [95% CI 1.9-2.7]). Reporting of upper respiratory tract infections (ROR 12.3 [95% CI 8.6-17.5]) was significantly associated with use of DPP-4 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates an increased reporting of infections, in particular upper respiratory tract infections, for users of DPP-4 inhibitors compared with users of other antidiabetic drugs. However, the limitations of spontaneous reporting systems (e.g., underreporting, the Weber-effect, reporting bias) should be taken into account. Therefore, further research is needed to evaluate this suspicion and the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein J Willemen
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Rafehi H, El-Osta A, Karagiannis TC. Genetic and epigenetic events in diabetic wound healing. Int Wound J 2010; 8:12-21. [PMID: 21159125 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2010.00745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of the chronic metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus, is expected to increase in the coming years and worldwide pandemic levels are predicted. Inevitably, this will be accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of diabetic complications, including diabetic foot ulcers. At present, treatment options for diabetic foot ulcers are in many cases insufficient, and progression of the condition results in the requirement for limb amputation in a proportion of patients. To improve therapy, an increase in our understanding of the pathobiology of diabetic complications such as impaired wound healing is necessary. In this review, recent advances in molecular aspects of normal and impaired diabetic wound healing are discussed. Furthermore, investigations of the role of epigenetic processes in the pathogenesis of impaired diabetic wound healing are now emerging. Indeed, epigenetic changes have already been identified as key factors in diabetes and related complications and these are overviewed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haloom Rafehi
- Epigenomic Medicine, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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42
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Salinas J, McCormick JB, Rentfro A, Hanis C, Hossain MM, Fisher-Hoch SP. The missing men: high risk of disease in men of Mexican origin. Am J Mens Health 2010; 5:332-40. [PMID: 20930218 DOI: 10.1177/1557988310379390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to determine gender- and age-specific prevalences of chronic diseases in an urban Mexican American border community. The Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC; n = 2,000) was selected using a multistaged cluster design. Sociodemographics, anthropometric measures, and blood samples were collected on each participant. More women were obese (55.1%) than men (44.8%). Men had significantly higher rates of diabetes (20.4% for men vs. 15.8% for women, p < .05) and undiagnosed diabetes (6.2% for men vs. 2.4% for women, p < .01); the prevalence of diabetes rose steeply between the ages of 40 and 49 years. Men were significantly more likely to have serum cholesterol levels of 200 mg/dL and elevated low-density lipoprotein levels (22.6% vs. 26.1%, p < .01). Mexican American males in the U.S./Mexico border region have a high prevalence of obesity in younger men and higher overall rates of diabetes, including undiagnosed diabetes, and significantly higher serum cholesterol levels than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Salinas
- University of Texas, Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX 78520, USA.
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43
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Gupta AK, Johnson WD. Prediabetes and prehypertension in disease free obese adults correlate with an exacerbated systemic proinflammatory milieu. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2010; 7:36. [PMID: 20659335 PMCID: PMC2920244 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-7-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is a pro-inflammatory state frequently associated with widespread metabolic alterations that include insulin resistance and deregulation of blood pressure (BP). This cascade of events in some measure explains the susceptibility of obese adults for co-morbid conditions like diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Hypothesis We hypothesized that an elevated systemic proinflammatory burden correlates with dysglycemia and deregulated blood pressure. Methods We analyzed the screening anthropometric and laboratory measures from healthy disease free obese adults (n = 35; women (W) 27, men (M) 8) in a weight loss study. Results Healthy obese normoglycemic (fasting serum glucose: FSG <100 mg/dL) women and men compared with healthy obese with prediabetes (FSG 100-125 mg/dL) had no significant differences for age (Mean ± SD: 52 ± 12 vs. 56 ± 9 y), weight (95 ± 11 vs. 99 ± 13 kg), or waist circumference (108 ± 10 vs. 108 ± 11 cm). Normoglycemic group (n = 24; W = 19, M = 5) had normal FSG 92 ± 4 mg/dL, HbA1c 5.4 ± 0.3%, BP 118/75 mm Hg, but had elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP) 3.7 ± 3 mg/L and fibrinogen 472 ± 76 mg/dL. The group with prediabetes (n = 11; W = 8, M = 3) with significantly higher FSG (106 ± 3 mg/dL; p < 0.0001), HbA1c (5.9 ± 0.5%; p < 0.002), had prehypertension (BP: 127/80 mm Hg) and significantly higher hs CRP (16.9 ± 9 mg/; p < 0.0001) and fibrinogen (599 ± 95 mg/dL; p < 0.0002). Conclusions In otherwise healthy disease free obese adults, a higher degree of systemic inflammation is associated with prediabetes and prehypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Gupta
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
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44
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Pooya S, Jalali MD, Jazayery AD, Saedisomeolia A, Eshraghian MR, Toorang F. The efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on plasma homocysteine and malondialdehyde levels of type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:326-331. [PMID: 19540739 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality among diabetic patients. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and homocysteine is believed to play a role in cardiovascular diseases. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation could be effective in some diabetes complications and in the control of the glycemic index. However, it may increase lipid peroxidation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the concentration of homocysteine and MDA in diabetic patients. METHODS AND RESULTS A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 81 patients with type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly assigned to either the treatment or control groups. Each subject received three capsules of omega-3 fatty acids or a placebo every day for a period of 2months. The two groups were similar in terms of body mass index and food intake. At the beginning of the study and after 2months of supplementation their levels of HbA(1)c, homocysteine, MDA, C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were determined. Due to omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, homocysteine was changed significantly in both treatment and control groups up to -3.10mumol/L and 0.10mumol/L respectively, and HbA(1)c decreased by 0.75% in the treatment group and increased by 0.26% in the control group. However, the changes in fasting blood sugar (FBS), malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were not significant. CONCLUSION The consumption of omega-3 fatty acid supplements (3g/day) for 2months decreases the levels of homocysteine in diabetic patients with no change in FBS, MDA and CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sh Pooya
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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45
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Luft VC, Schmidt MI, Pankow JS, Hoogeveen RC, Couper D, Heiss G, Duncan BB. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV and incident diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Diabetes Care 2010; 33:1109-11. [PMID: 20185737 PMCID: PMC2858185 DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) is not only important in beta-cell function but also has proinflammatory actions. We aimed to investigate whether it could act as a link between low-grade chronic inflammation and diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a case-cohort design, we followed 546 middle-aged individuals who developed diabetes and 538 who did not over approximately 9 years within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. RESULTS In weighted analyses, the correlation between DPP-IV levels and anthropometric, inflammatory, or metabolic variables was minimal (Spearman correlations <0.11). Those who developed diabetes had mean DPP-IV values similar to those who did not (P = 0.18). Individuals in the highest quartile of DPP-IV were not at greater risk of diabetes (hazard ratio 0.88 [95% CI 0.62-1.24]) in Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age, sex, race, study center, and multiple additional diabetes risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Fasting DPP-IV levels do not appear to predict incident diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian C Luft
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grandedo Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Beavers KM, Brinkley TE, Nicklas BJ. Effect of exercise training on chronic inflammation. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:785-93. [PMID: 20188719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Persistent, sub-clinical inflammation, as indicated by higher circulating levels of inflammatory mediators, is a prominent risk factor for several chronic diseases, as well as aging-related disability. As such, the inflammatory pathway is a potential therapeutic target for lifestyle interventions designed to reduce disease and disability. Physical exercise is well recognized as an important strategy for reducing the risk of chronic disease, and recent research has focused on its role in the improvement of the inflammatory profile. This review summarizes the evidence for and against the role of increasing physical activity in the reduction of chronic inflammation. Large population-based cohort studies consistently show an inverse association between markers of systemic inflammation and physical activity or fitness status, and data from several small-scale intervention studies support that exercise training diminishes inflammation. However, data from large, randomized, controlled trials designed to definitively test the effects of exercise training on inflammation are limited, and results are inconclusive. Future studies are needed to refine our understanding of the effects of exercise training on systemic low-grade inflammation, the magnitude of such an effect, and the amount of exercise necessary to elicit clinically meaningful changes in the deleterious association between inflammation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Beavers
- J. Paul Sticht Center on Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
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Validity of multiplex-based assays for cytokine measurements in serum and plasma from “non-diseased” subjects: Comparison with ELISA. J Immunol Methods 2009; 350:125-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Duncan BB, Schmidt MI. Metformin, cancer, alphabet soup, and the role of epidemiology in etiologic research. Diabetes Care 2009; 32:1748-50. [PMID: 19717820 PMCID: PMC2732134 DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce B. Duncan
- From the Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria I. Schmidt
- From the Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Serum markers of apoptosis decrease with age and cancer stage. Aging (Albany NY) 2009; 1:652-63. [PMID: 20157546 PMCID: PMC2806040 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The
physical manifestations of aging reflect a loss of homeostasis that effects
molecular, cellular and organ system functional capacity. As a sentinel
homeostatic pathway, changes in apoptosis can have pathophysiological
consequences in both aging and disease. To
assess baseline global apoptosis balance, sera from 204 clinically
normal subjects had levels of sFas (inhibitor of apoptosis), sFasL
(stimulator of apoptosis), and total cytochrome c (released from cells
during apoptosis) measured. Serum levels of sFas were significantly higher
while sFasL and cytochrome c levels were lower in men compared to women.
With increasing age there was a decrease in apoptotic markers (cytochrome
c) and pro-apoptotic factors (sFasL) and an increase in anti-apoptotic
factors (sFas) in circulation. The observed gender differences are
consistent with the known differences between genders in mortality and
morbidity. In a separate cohort, subjects with
either breast (n = 66) or prostate cancer (n = 38) exhibited significantly
elevated sFas with reduced sFasL and total cytochrome c regardless of age.
These markers correlated with disease severity consistent with tumor
subversion of apoptosis. The shift toward less global apoptosis with
increasing age in normal subjects is consistent with increased incidence of
diseases whose pathophysiology involves apoptosis dysregulation.
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50
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Imhof A, Plamper I, Maier S, Trischler G, Koenig W. Effect of drinking on adiponectin in healthy men and women: a randomized intervention study of water, ethanol, red wine, and beer with or without alcohol. Diabetes Care 2009; 32:1101-3. [PMID: 19244090 PMCID: PMC2681019 DOI: 10.2337/dc08-1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular mortality and increases adiponectin concentrations, but effects might differ according to sex and beverage consumed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 72 healthy individuals (22-56 years) were enrolled in this randomized controlled crossover trial. After washout, two interventions for 3 weeks followed: ethanol (concentration 12.5%), beer (5.6%), or red wine (12.5%) equivalent to 30 g ethanol/day for men and 20 g/day for women or the same de-alcoholized beverages or water. Adiponectin was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Among women, adiponectin significantly increased after consuming red wine (29.8%, P < 0.05) and increased among men after ethanol solution (17.4%, P < 0.05) and consuming beer (16.1%, P < 0.05). De-alcoholized beverages had no substantial effect on adiponectin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Moderate amounts of ethanol-containing beverages increased adiponectin concentrations, but sex-specific effects might depend on type of beverage consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Imhof
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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