1
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Liu Q, Zhang Y. Biological Clock Perspective in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02120-4. [PMID: 39126449 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic polyarticular pain, and its main pathological features include inflammatory cell infiltration, synovial fibroblast proliferation, and cartilage erosion. Immune cells, synovial cells and neuroendocrine factors play pivotal roles in the pathophysiological mechanism underlying rheumatoid arthritis. Biological clock genes regulate immune cell functions, which is linked to rhythmic changes in arthritis pathology. Additionally, the interaction between biological clock genes and neuroendocrine factors is also involved in rhythmic changes in rheumatoid arthritis. This review provides an overview of the contributions of circadian rhythm genes to RA pathology, including their interaction with the immune system and their involvement in regulating the secretion and function of neuroendocrine factors. A molecular understanding of the role of the circadian rhythm in RA may offer insights for effective disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxue Liu
- Gengjiu Clinical College of Anhui Medical University; Anhui Zhongke Gengjiu Hospital, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Rd, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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2
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Spišská V, Kubištová A, Novotný J, Bendová Z. Impact of Prenatal LPS and Early-life Constant Light Exposure on Circadian Gene Expression Profiles in Various Rat Tissues. Neuroscience 2024; 551:17-30. [PMID: 38777136 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during prenatal development leads to various changes in neurobiological and behavioural patterns. Similarly, continuous exposure to constant light (LL) during the critical developmental period of the circadian system affects gene expression in various tissues in adulthood. Given the reciprocal nature of the interaction between the circadian and the immune systems, our study primarily investigated the individual effects of both interventions and, more importantly, their combined effect. We aimed to explore whether there might be a potential synergistic effect on circadian rhythms and their parameters, focussing on the expression of clock genes, immune-related genes, and specific genes in the hippocampus, pineal gland, spleen and adrenal gland of rats at postnatal day 30. Our results show a significant influence of prenatal LPS and postnatal LL on the expression profiles of all genes assessed. However, the combination of prenatal LPS and postnatal LL only revealed an enhanced negative effect in a minority of the comparisons. In most cases, it appeared to attenuate the changes induced by the individual interventions, restoring the measured parameters to values closer to those of the control group. In particular, genes such as Nr1d1, Aanat and Tph1 showed increased amplitude in the pineal gland and spleen, while the kynurenine enzymes Kynu and KatII developed circadian rhythmicity in the adrenal glands only after the combined interventions. Our data suggest that a mild immunological challenge during prenatal development may play a critical role in triggering an adaptive response of the circadian clock later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Spišská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Kubištová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novotný
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Bendová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
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3
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Patlin BH, Mok H, Arra M, Haspel JA. Circadian rhythms in solid organ transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2024; 43:849-857. [PMID: 38310995 PMCID: PMC11070314 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are daily cycles in physiology that can affect medical interventions. This review considers how these rhythms may relate to solid organ transplantation. It begins by summarizing the mechanism for circadian rhythm generation known as the molecular clock, and basic research connecting the clock to biological activities germane to organ acceptance. Next follows a review of clinical evidence relating time of day to adverse transplantation outcomes. The concluding section discusses knowledge gaps and practical areas where applying circadian biology might improve transplantation success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brielle H Patlin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Huram Mok
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Monaj Arra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey A Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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4
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Lin Y, He L, Cai Y, Wang X, Wang S, Li F. The role of circadian clock in regulating cell functions: implications for diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e504. [PMID: 38469551 PMCID: PMC10925886 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock system orchestrates daily behavioral and physiological rhythms, facilitating adaptation to environmental and internal oscillations. Disruptions in circadian rhythms have been linked to increased susceptibility to various diseases and can exacerbate existing conditions. This review delves into the intricate regulation of diurnal gene expression and cell function by circadian clocks across diverse tissues. . Specifically, we explore the rhythmicity of gene expressions, behaviors, and functions in both immune and non-immune cells, elucidating the regulatory effects and mechanisms imposed by circadian clocks. A detailed discussion is centered on elucidating the complex functions of circadian clocks in regulating key cellular signaling pathways. We further review the circadian regulation in diverse diseases, with a focus on inflammatory diseases, cancers, and systemic diseases. By highlighting the intimate interplay between circadian clocks and diseases, especially through clock-controlled cell function, this review contributes to the development of novel disease intervention strategies. This enhanced understanding holds significant promise for the design of targeted therapies that can exploit the circadian regulation mechanisms for improved treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanke Lin
- Infectious Diseases InstituteGuangzhou Eighth People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong TCRCure Biopharma Technology Co., Ltd.GuangzhouChina
| | | | - Yuting Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Department of PharmacyShenzhen Longhua District Central HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Feng Li
- Infectious Diseases InstituteGuangzhou Eighth People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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5
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Mok H, Ostendorf E, Ganninger A, Adler AJ, Hazan G, Haspel JA. Circadian immunity from bench to bedside: a practical guide. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175706. [PMID: 38299593 PMCID: PMC10836804 DOI: 10.1172/jci175706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system is built to counteract unpredictable threats, yet it relies on predictable cycles of activity to function properly. Daily rhythms in immune function are an expanding area of study, and many originate from a genetically based timekeeping mechanism known as the circadian clock. The challenge is how to harness these biological rhythms to improve medical interventions. Here, we review recent literature documenting how circadian clocks organize fundamental innate and adaptive immune activities, the immunologic consequences of circadian rhythm and sleep disruption, and persisting knowledge gaps in the field. We then consider the evidence linking circadian rhythms to vaccination, an important clinical realization of immune function. Finally, we discuss practical steps to translate circadian immunity to the patient's bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huram Mok
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Elaine Ostendorf
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alex Ganninger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Avi J. Adler
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Guy Hazan
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Research and Innovation Center, Saban Children’s Hospital, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jeffrey A. Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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6
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Srinivasan A, Giri A, Duraisamy SK, Alsup A, Castro M, Sundar IK. Chronic HDM exposure shows time-of-day and sex-based differences in inflammatory response associated with lung circadian clock disruption. iScience 2023; 26:107580. [PMID: 37664635 PMCID: PMC10470299 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms and sex differences are involved in the pathophysiology of asthma. Yet, there are no reports that simultaneously address the role of the circadian clock and sex-based differences in chronic house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma. Here, we sought to determine if chronic HDM exposure during the resting phase (zeitgeber time: ZT0/6:00 a.m.) versus the active phase (ZT12/6:00 p.m.) differentially affects the circadian clock and alters asthma pathobiology in female and male mice. HDM exposure at ZT12 exaggerated infiltration of eosinophil subtypes and associated chemokines in females compared to males. Furthermore, HDM exposure augmented eosinophil chemokines, Th2 gene expression and cytokine release, and humoral immune response in females compared to males at ZT12. Concurrently, histopathological evaluation confirmed increased airway inflammation at ZT12 in both females and males. Overall, we showed a time-of-day response and sex-based differences in HDM-induced exaggerated asthmatic phenotypes (inflammation/remodeling) and circadian clock disruption in females compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokkumar Srinivasan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Allan Giri
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Santhosh Kumar Duraisamy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Alexander Alsup
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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7
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Verma AK, Singh S, Rizvi SI. Aging, circadian disruption and neurodegeneration: Interesting interplay. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112076. [PMID: 36574855 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system is an intricate molecular network of coordinating circadian clocks that organize the internal synchrony of the organism in response to the environment. These rhythms are maintained by genetically programmed positive and negative auto-regulated transcriptional and translational feedback loops that sustain 24-hour oscillations in mRNA and protein components of the endogenous circadian clock. Since inter and intracellular activity of the central pacemaker appears to reduce with aging, the interaction between the circadian clock and aging continues to elude our understanding. In this review article, we discuss circadian clock components at the molecular level and how aging adversely affects circadian clock functioning in rodents and humans. The natural decline in melatonin levels with aging strongly contributes to circadian dysregulation resulting in the development of neurological anomalies. Additionally, inappropriate environmental conditions such as Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) can cause circadian disruption or chronodisruption (CD) which can result in a variety of pathological diseases, including premature aging. Furthermore, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that CD may also be a predisposing factor for the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), although more investigation is required to prove this link. Finally, certain chrono-enhancement approaches have been offered as intervention strategies to prevent, alleviate, or mitigate the impacts of CD. This review thus aims to bring together recent advancements in the chronobiology of the aging process, as well as its role in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnish Kumar Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India; Psychedelics Research Group, Biological Psychiatry Laboratory and Hadassah BrainLabs, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
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8
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Papagerakis S, Said R, Ketabat F, Mahmood R, Pundir M, Lobanova L, Guenther G, Pannone G, Lavender K, McAlpin BR, Moreau A, Chen X, Papagerakis P. When the clock ticks wrong with COVID-19. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e949. [PMID: 36394205 PMCID: PMC9670202 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a member of the coronavirus family that causes the novel coronavirus disease first diagnosed in 2019 (COVID-19). Although many studies have been carried out in recent months to determine why the disease clinical presentations and outcomes can vary significantly from asymptomatic to severe or lethal, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. It is likely that unique individual characteristics can strongly influence the broad disease variability; thus, tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are needed to improve clinical outcomes. The circadian clock is a critical regulatory mechanism orchestrating major physiological and pathological processes. It is generally accepted that more than half of the cell-specific genes in any given organ are under circadian control. Although it is known that a specific role of the circadian clock is to coordinate the immune system's steady-state function and response to infectious threats, the links between the circadian clock and SARS-CoV-2 infection are only now emerging. How inter-individual variability of the circadian profile and its dysregulation may play a role in the differences noted in the COVID-19-related disease presentations, and outcome remains largely underinvestigated. This review summarizes the current evidence on the potential links between circadian clock dysregulation and SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility, disease presentation and progression, and clinical outcomes. Further research in this area may contribute towards novel circadian-centred prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 in the era of precision health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Papagerakis
- Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer – Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Surgery, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical SchoolThe University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Raed Said
- Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer – Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Surgery, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Laboratory of Precision Oral Health and Chronobiology, College of DentistryUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Farinaz Ketabat
- Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer – Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Razi Mahmood
- Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer – Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Surgery, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Laboratory of Precision Oral Health and Chronobiology, College of DentistryUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Meenakshi Pundir
- Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer – Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Laboratory of Precision Oral Health and Chronobiology, College of DentistryUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Liubov Lobanova
- Laboratory of Precision Oral Health and Chronobiology, College of DentistryUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Greg Guenther
- Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer – Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Clinic and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FoggiaFoggiaItaly
| | - Kerry Lavender
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Blake R. McAlpin
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Alain Moreau
- Viscogliosi Laboratory in Molecular Genetics of Musculoskeletal DiseasesCentre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte‐Justine Research CenterMontrealQuebecCanada,Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Petros Papagerakis
- Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada,Laboratory of Precision Oral Health and Chronobiology, College of DentistryUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
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9
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Jerigova V, Zeman M, Okuliarova M. Circadian Disruption and Consequences on Innate Immunity and Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213722. [PMID: 36430199 PMCID: PMC9690954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms control almost all aspects of physiology and behavior, allowing temporal synchrony of these processes between each other, as well as with the external environment. In the immune system, daily rhythms of leukocyte functions can determine the strength of the immune response, thereby regulating the efficiency of defense mechanisms to cope with infections or tissue injury. The natural light/dark cycle is the prominent synchronizing agent perceived by the circadian clock, but this role of light is highly compromised by irregular working schedules and unintentional exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN). The primary concern is disrupted circadian control of important physiological processes, underlying potential links to adverse health effects. Here, we first discuss the immune consequences of genetic circadian disruption induced by mutation or deletion of specific clock genes. Next, we evaluate experimental research into the effects of disruptive light/dark regimes, particularly light-phase shifts, dim ALAN, and constant light on the innate immune mechanisms under steady state and acute inflammation, and in the pathogenesis of common lifestyle diseases. We suggest that a better understanding of the mechanisms by which circadian disruption influences immune status can be of importance in the search for strategies to minimize the negative consequences of chronodisruption on health.
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10
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Is Fasting Good When One Is at Risk of Liver Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205084. [PMID: 36291868 PMCID: PMC9600146 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, is a multistep process that usually develops in the background of cirrhosis, but also in a non-cirrhotic state in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or viral hepatis. Emerging evidence suggests that intermittent fasting can reduce the risk of cancer development and could improve response and tolerance to treatment through the metabolic and hormonal adaptations induced by the low energy availability that finally impairs cancer cells’ adaptability, survival and growth. The current review will outline the beneficial effects of fasting in NAFLD/NASH patients and the possible mechanisms that can prevent HCC development, including circadian clock re-synchronization, with a special focus on the possibility of applying this dietary intervention to cirrhotic patients.
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11
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Ohdo S, Koyanagi S, Matsunaga N. Chronopharmacology of immune-related diseases. Allergol Int 2022; 71:437-447. [PMID: 35850747 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Clock genes, circadian pacemaker resides in the paired suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), control various circadian rhythms in many biological processes such as physiology and behavior. Clock gene regulates many diseases such as cancer, immunological dysfunction, metabolic syndrome and sleep disorders etc. Chronotherapy is especially relevant, when the risk and/or intensity of the symptoms of disease vary predicably over time as exemplified by allergic rhinitis, arthritis, asthma, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, and peptic ulcer disease. Dosing time influences the effectiveness and toxicity of many drugs. The pharmacodynamics of medications as well as pharmacokinetics influences chronopharmacological phenomena. To escape from host immunity in the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells have acquired several pathways. Immune checkpoint therapy targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) interaction had been approved for the treatment of patients with several types of cancers. Circadian expression of PD-1 is identified on tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), which is rationale for selecting the most appropriate time of day for administration of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. The therapies for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are urgently needed because of a global health problem. The mechanism of the cardiac complications in mice with CKD had been related the GRP68 in circulating monocytes and serum accumulation of retinol. Development of a strategy to suppress retinol accumulation will be useful to prevent the cardiac complications of CKD. Therefore, we introduce an overview of the dosing time-dependent changes in therapeutic outcome and safety of drug for immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiro Ohdo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Satoru Koyanagi
- Department of Glocal Healthcare, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoya Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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12
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Capelle CM, Chen A, Zeng N, Baron A, Grzyb K, Arns T, Skupin A, Ollert M, Hefeng FQ. Stress hormone signaling inhibits Th1 polarization in a CD4 T-cell-intrinsic manner via mTORC1 and the circadian gene PER1. Immunology 2022; 165:428-444. [PMID: 35143696 PMCID: PMC9426625 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress hormones are believed to skew the CD4 T‐cell differentiation towards a Th2 response via a T‐cell‐extrinsic mechanism. Using isolated primary human naïve and memory CD4 T cells, here we show that both adrenergic‐ and glucocorticoid‐mediated stress signalling pathways play a CD4 naïve T‐cell‐intrinsic role in regulating the Th1/Th2 differentiation balance. Both stress hormones reduced the Th1 programme and cytokine production by inhibiting mTORC1 signalling via two parallel mechanisms. Stress hormone signalling inhibited mTORC1 in naïve CD4 T cells (1) by affecting the PI3K/AKT pathway and (2) by regulating the expression of the circadian rhythm gene, period circadian regulator 1 (PER1). Both stress hormones induced the expression of PER1, which inhibited mTORC1 signalling, thus reducing Th1 differentiation. This previously unrecognized cell‐autonomous mechanism connects stress hormone signalling with CD4 T‐cell differentiation via mTORC1 and a specific circadian clock gene, namely PER1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe M Capelle
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication, University of Luxembourg, 2, avenue de Université, L-4365, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anna Chen
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication, University of Luxembourg, 2, avenue de Université, L-4365, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandre Baron
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kamil Grzyb
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6, avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Thais Arns
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6, avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alexander Skupin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6, avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5000 C, Denmark
| | - Feng Q Hefeng
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122, Essen, Germany
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13
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Stenger S, Grasshoff H, Hundt JE, Lange T. Potential effects of shift work on skin autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1000951. [PMID: 36865523 PMCID: PMC9972893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Shift work is associated with systemic chronic inflammation, impaired host and tumor defense and dysregulated immune responses to harmless antigens such as allergens or auto-antigens. Thus, shift workers are at higher risk to develop a systemic autoimmune disease and circadian disruption with sleep impairment seem to be the key underlying mechanisms. Presumably, disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle also drive skin-specific autoimmune diseases, but epidemiological and experimental evidence so far is scarce. This review summarizes the effects of shift work, circadian misalignment, poor sleep, and the effect of potential hormonal mediators such as stress mediators or melatonin on skin barrier functions and on innate and adaptive skin immunity. Human studies as well as animal models were considered. We will also address advantages and potential pitfalls in animal models of shift work, and possible confounders that could drive skin autoimmune diseases in shift workers such as adverse lifestyle habits and psychosocial influences. Finally, we will outline feasible countermeasures that may reduce the risk of systemic and skin autoimmunity in shift workers, as well as treatment options and highlight outstanding questions that should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Stenger
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanna Grasshoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jennifer Elisabeth Hundt
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tanja Lange
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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14
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Glucocorticoid circadian rhythms in immune function. Semin Immunopathol 2021; 44:153-163. [PMID: 34580744 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-021-00889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal glucocorticoid (GC) hormones are important regulators of energy metabolism, brain functions, and the immune system. Their release follows robust diurnal rhythms and GCs themselves serve as entrainment signals for circadian clocks in various tissues. In the clinics, synthetic GC analogues are widely used as immunosuppressive drugs. GC inhibitory effects on the immune system are well documented and include suppression of cytokines and increased immune cell death. However, the circadian dynamics of GC action are often neglected. Synthetic GC medications fail to mimic complex GC natural rhythms. Several recent publications have shown that endogenous GCs and their daily concentration rhythms prepare the immune system to face anticipated environmental threats. That includes migration patterns that direct specific cell population to organs and tissues best exemplified by the rhythmic expression of chemoattractants and their receptors. On the other hand, chronotherapeutic approaches may benefit the treatment of immunological diseases such as asthma. In this review, we summarise our current knowledge on the circadian regulation of GCs, their role in innate and adaptive immune functions and the implications for the clinics.
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15
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Warfield AE, Prather JF, Todd WD. Systems and Circuits Linking Chronic Pain and Circadian Rhythms. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:705173. [PMID: 34276301 PMCID: PMC8284721 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.705173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Research over the last 20 years regarding the link between circadian rhythms and chronic pain pathology has suggested interconnected mechanisms that are not fully understood. Strong evidence for a bidirectional relationship between circadian function and pain has been revealed through inflammatory and immune studies as well as neuropathic ones. However, one limitation of many of these studies is a focus on only a few molecules or cell types, often within only one region of the brain or spinal cord, rather than systems-level interactions. To address this, our review will examine the circadian system as a whole, from the intracellular genetic machinery that controls its timing mechanism to its input and output circuits, and how chronic pain, whether inflammatory or neuropathic, may mediate or be driven by changes in these processes. We will investigate how rhythms of circadian clock gene expression and behavior, immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, intracellular signaling, and glial cells affect and are affected by chronic pain in animal models and human pathologies. We will also discuss key areas in both circadian rhythms and chronic pain that are sexually dimorphic. Understanding the overlapping mechanisms and complex interplay between pain and circadian mediators, the various nuclei they affect, and how they differ between sexes, will be crucial to move forward in developing treatments for chronic pain and for determining how and when they will achieve their maximum efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William D. Todd
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
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16
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Zeng X, Liang C, Yao J. Chronic shift-lag promotes NK cell ageing and impairs immunosurveillance in mice by decreasing the expression of CD122. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14583-14595. [PMID: 33185980 PMCID: PMC7754032 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term subjection to shift work increases the risk of cancer. The purpose of the present study was to explore the mechanism by which chronic circadian disruption impairs natural killer (NK) cell immunosurveillance. Mice were subjected to light-dark reverse every 4 days for 12 weeks to disrupt normal circadian rhythm. NK cell development and function were evaluated by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein levels of period 1 (per1) and per2 were suppressed, while circadian locomotor output cycle kaput (CLOCK) was increased in the shifted mice, indicating successful generation of the circadian rhythm disruption mouse model. Chronic shift-lag promoted NK cell ageing, which is likely due to the reduction in Ly49 family receptor expression in shifted NK. We further studied the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on NK cell function. Chronic shift-lag inhibited NK cell secretion of granular CD107a and interferon gamma. Moreover, chronic shift-lag attenuated the clearance of MHC-I-deficient tumour cells by NK cells in vivo and promoted lung metastasis of B16F10 melanomas. Furthermore, chronic shift-lag reduced NK cell killing function, which may be due to the suppression of Eomes transcription factor expression, which inhibiting the transcription of CD122. In conclusion, our findings suggest that chronic circadian disruption attenuates NK cell cytolytic activity by decreasing the expression of CD122.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Zeng
- Medical Research Center and Department of Laboratory MedicineShunde HospitalSouthern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan)FoshanChina
| | - Caiying Liang
- Guangdong Keyway Testing Technology Co, Ltd.FoshanChina
| | - Jie Yao
- Medical Research Center and Department of Laboratory MedicineShunde HospitalSouthern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan)FoshanChina
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17
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Frazier K, Frith M, Harris D, Leone VA. Mediators of Host–Microbe Circadian Rhythms in Immunity and Metabolism. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120417. [PMID: 33255707 PMCID: PMC7761326 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Circadian rhythms serve as the body’s internal metronome, driving responses to environmental cues over a 24-h period. Essential to nearly all life forms, the core circadian clock gene network drives physiological outputs associated with metabolic and immune responses. Modern-day disruptions to host circadian rhythms, such as shift work and jet lag, result in aberrant metabolic responses and development of complex diseases, including obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. These complex diseases are also impacted by interactions between gut microbes and the host immune system, driving a chronic low-grade inflammatory response. Gut microbes exhibit circadian dynamics that are closely tied to host circadian networks and disrupting microbial rhythmicity contributes to metabolic diseases. The underlying mediators that drive communication between host metabolism, the immune system, gut microbes, and circadian networks remain unknown, particularly in humans. Here, we explore the current state of knowledge regarding the transkingdom control of circadian networks and discuss gaps and challenges to overcome to push the field forward from the preclinical to clinical setting. Abstract Circadian rhythms are essential for nearly all life forms, mediated by a core molecular gene network that drives downstream molecular processes involved in immune function and metabolic regulation. These biological rhythms serve as the body’s metronome in response to the 24-h light:dark cycle and other timed stimuli. Disrupted circadian rhythms due to drastic lifestyle and environmental shifts appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, although the mechanisms remain elusive. Gut microbiota membership and function are also key mediators of metabolism and are highly sensitive to environmental perturbations. Recent evidence suggests rhythmicity of gut microbes is essential for host metabolic health. The key molecular mediators that transmit rhythmic signals between microbes and host metabolic networks remain unclear, but studies suggest the host immune system may serve as a conduit between these two systems, providing homeostatic signals to maintain overall metabolic health. Despite this knowledge, the precise mechanism and communication modalities that drive these rhythms remain unclear, especially in humans. Here, we review the current literature examining circadian dynamics of gut microbes, the immune system, and metabolism in the context of metabolic dysregulation and provide insights into gaps and challenges that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Frazier
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (K.F.); (M.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Mary Frith
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (K.F.); (M.F.); (D.H.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dylan Harris
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (K.F.); (M.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Vanessa A. Leone
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (K.F.); (M.F.); (D.H.)
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-608-262-5551
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18
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Wang Q, Colonna M. Keeping time in group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:720-726. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review is focused on the existing evidence for circadian control of innate and adaptive immune responses to provide a framework for evaluating the contributions of diurnal rhythms to control of infections and pathogenesis of disease. RECENT FINDINGS Circadian rhythms driven by cell-autonomous biological clocks are central to innate and adaptive immune responses against microbial pathogens. Research during the past few years has uncovered circadian circuits governing leukocyte migration between tissues, the magnitude of mucosal inflammation, the types of cytokines produced, and the severity of immune diseases. Other studies revealed how disruption of the circadian clock impairs immune function or how microbial products alter clock machinery. Revelations concerning the widespread impact of the circadian clock on immunity and homeostasis highlight how the timing of inflammatory challenges can dictate pathological outcomes and how the timing of therapeutic interventions likely determines clinical efficacy. An improved understanding of circadian circuits controlling immune function will facilitate advances in circadian immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen N Waggoner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45244, USA.
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 15012, Cincinnati, OH, 45244, USA.
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20
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Baxter M, Ray DW. Circadian rhythms in innate immunity and stress responses. Immunology 2020; 161:261-267. [PMID: 31820826 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks are a common feature of life on our planet, allowing physiology and behaviour to be adapted to recurrent environmental fluctuation. There is now compelling evidence that disturbance of circadian coherence can severely undermine mental and physical health, as well as exacerbate pre-existing pathology. Common molecular design principles underpin the generation of cellular circadian rhythms across the kingdoms, and in animals, the genetic components are extremely well conserved. In mammals, the circadian timing mechanism is present in most cell types and establishes local cycles of gene expression and metabolic activity. These distributed tissue clocks are normally synchronized by a central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), located in the hypothalamus. Nevertheless, most clocks of the body remain responsive to non-SCN-derived hormonal and metabolic cues (for example, re-alignment of liver clocks to altered meal patterning). It has been demonstrated that the clock is an influential regulator of energy metabolism, allowing key pathways to be tuned across the 24-hr cycle as metabolic requirements fluctuate. Furthermore, clock components, including Cryptochrome and Rev-Erb proteins, have been identified as essential modulators of the innate immune system and inflammatory responses. Studies have also revealed that these proteins regulate glucocorticoid receptor function, a major drug target and crucial regulator of inflammation and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Baxter
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David W Ray
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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21
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Keshvari M, Nejadtaghi M, Hosseini-Beheshti F, Rastqar A, Patel N. Exploring the role of circadian clock gene and association with cancer pathophysiology. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:151-175. [PMID: 31791146 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1681440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the processes that occur in the mind and body follow natural rhythms. Those with a cycle length of about one day are called circadian rhythms. These rhythms are driven by a system of self-sustained clocks and are entrained by environmental cues such as light-dark cycles as well as food intake. In mammals, the circadian clock system is hierarchically organized such that the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus integrates environmental information and synchronizes the phase of oscillators in peripheral tissues.The circadian system is responsible for regulating a variety of physiological and behavioral processes, including feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Studies revealed that the circadian clock system consists primarily of a set of clock genes. Several genes control the biological clock, including BMAL1, CLOCK (positive regulators), CRY1, CRY2, PER1, PER2, and PER3 (negative regulators) as indicators of the peripheral clock.Circadian has increasingly become an important area of medical research, with hundreds of studies pointing to the body's internal clocks as a factor in both health and disease. Thousands of biochemical processes from sleep and wakefulness to DNA repair are scheduled and dictated by these internal clocks. Cancer is an example of health problems where chronotherapy can be used to improve outcomes and deliver a higher quality of care to patients.In this article, we will discuss knowledge about molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock and the role of clocks in physiology and pathophysiology of concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Keshvari
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Nejadtaghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rastqar
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Niraj Patel
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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22
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Fontana JM, Tserga E, Sarlus H, Canlon B, Cederroth C. Impact of noise exposure on the circadian clock in the auditory system. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:3960. [PMID: 31795664 PMCID: PMC7341678 DOI: 10.1121/1.5132290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms control the timing of all bodily functions, and misalignment in the rhythms can cause various diseases. Moreover, circadian rhythms are highly conserved and are regulated by a transcriptional-translational feedback loop of circadian genes that has a periodicity of approximately 24 h. The cochlea and the inferior colliculus (IC) have been shown to possess an autonomous and self-sustained circadian system as demonstrated by recording, in real time, the bioluminescence from PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE (PER2::LUC) mice. The cochlea and IC both express the core clock genes, Per1, Per2, Bmal1, and Rev-Erbα, where RNA abundance is rhythmically distributed with a 24 h cycle. Noise exposure alters clock gene expression in the cochlea and the IC after noise stimulation, although in different ways. These findings highlight the importance of circadian responses in the cochlea and the IC and emphasize the importance of circadian mechanisms for understanding the differences in central and peripheral auditory function and the subsequent molecular changes that occur after daytime (inactive phase) or nighttime (active phase) noise trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo M Fontana
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Biomedicum, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Tserga
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Biomedicum, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heela Sarlus
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Biomedicum, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Canlon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Biomedicum, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Cederroth
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Biomedicum, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Carroll RG, Timmons GA, Cervantes-Silva MP, Kennedy OD, Curtis AM. Immunometabolism around the Clock. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:612-625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Sarlus H, Fontana JM, Tserga E, Meltser I, Cederroth CR, Canlon B. Circadian integration of inflammation and glucocorticoid actions: Implications for the cochlea. Hear Res 2019; 377:53-60. [PMID: 30908966 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Auditory function has been shown to be influenced by the circadian system. Increasing evidence point towards the regulation of inflammation and glucocorticoid actions by circadian rhythms in the cochlea. Yet, how these three systems (circadian, immune and endocrine) converge to control auditory function remains to be established. Here we review the knowledge on immune and glucocorticoid actions, and how they interact with the circadian and the auditory system, with a particular emphasis on cochlear responses to noise trauma. We propose a multimodal approach to understand the mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss by integrating the circadian, immune and endocrine systems into the bearings of the cochlea. Considering the well-established positive impact of chronotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiovascular, asthma and cancer, an increased knowledge on the mechanisms where circadian, immune and glucocorticoids meet in the cochlea may improve current treatments against hearing disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heela Sarlus
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | - Jacopo Maria Fontana
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Tserga
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Inna Meltser
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | | | - Barbara Canlon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
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25
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Abstract
Circadian rhythms are a ubiquitous feature of virtually all living organisms, regulating a wide diversity of physiological systems. It has long been established that the circadian clockwork plays a key role in innate immune responses, and recent studies reveal that several aspects of adaptive immunity are also under circadian control. We discuss the latest insights into the genetic and biochemical mechanisms linking immunity to the core circadian clock of the cell and hypothesize as to why the immune system is so tightly controlled by circadian oscillations. Finally, we consider implications for human health, including vaccination strategies and the emerging field of chrono-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Scheiermann
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Biomedical Centre, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julie Gibbs
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise Ince
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Biomedical Centre, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andrew Loudon
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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26
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Segal JP, Tresidder KA, Bhatt C, Gilron I, Ghasemlou N. Circadian control of pain and neuroinflammation. J Neurosci Res 2017; 96:1002-1020. [PMID: 28865126 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The importance of a neuroinflammatory response to the development and maintenance of inflammatory and neuropathic pain have been highlighted in recent years. Inflammatory cells contributing to this response include circulating immune cells such as monocytes, T and B lymphocytes, and neutrophils, as well as microglia in the central nervous system. Pain signals are transmitted via sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system, which express various receptors and channels that respond to mediators secreted from these inflammatory cells. Chronobiological rhythms, which include the 24-hr circadian cycle, have recently been shown to regulate both nervous and immune cell activity and function. This review examines the current literature on chronobiological control of neuroinflammatory processes, with a focus on inflammatory and neuropathic pain states. While the majority of this work has stemmed from observational studies in humans, recent advances in using animal models have highlighted distinct mechanisms underlying these interactions. Better understanding interactions between the circadian and neuroimmune systems can help guide the development of new treatments and provide improved care for patients suffering from acute and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia P Segal
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn A Tresidder
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charvi Bhatt
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Gilron
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nader Ghasemlou
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Man GCW, Zhang T, Chen X, Wang J, Wu F, Liu Y, Wang CC, Cheong Y, Li TC. The regulations and role of circadian clock and melatonin in uterine receptivity and pregnancy-An immunological perspective. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 78. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gene Chi Wai Man
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Tao Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation; Fertility Center; Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital; Shenzhen China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jianzhang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Fangrong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yingyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ying Cheong
- Human Development and Health; Princess Anne Hospital; University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine; Southampton UK
| | - Tin Chiu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Faculty of Medicine; The Prince of Wales Hospital; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
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28
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Bancos I, Hazeldine J, Chortis V, Hampson P, Taylor AE, Lord JM, Arlt W. Primary adrenal insufficiency is associated with impaired natural killer cell function: a potential link to increased mortality. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:471-480. [PMID: 28223394 PMCID: PMC5425935 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mortality in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is significantly increased, with respiratory infections as a major cause of death. Moreover, patients with PAI report an increased rate of non-fatal infections. Neutrophils and natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that provide frontline protection against invading pathogens. Thus, we compared the function and phenotype of NK cells and neutrophils isolated from PAI patients and healthy controls to ascertain whether altered innate immune responses could be a contributory factor for the increased susceptibility of PAI patients to infection. DESIGN AND METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional study of 42 patients with PAI due to autoimmune adrenalitis (n = 37) or bilateral adrenalectomy (n = 5) and 58 sex- and age-matched controls. A comprehensive screen of innate immune function, consisting of measurements of neutrophil phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, NK cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) and NK cell surface receptor expression, was performed on all subjects. RESULTS Neutrophil function did not differ between PAI and controls. However, NKCC was significantly reduced in PAI (12.0 ± 1.5% vs 21.1 ± 2.6%, P < 0.0001). Phenotypically, the percentage of NK cells expressing the activating receptors NKG2D and NKp46 was significantly lower in PAI, as was the surface density of NKG2D (all P < 0.0001). Intracellular granzyme B expression was significantly increased in NK cells from PAI patients (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Adrenal insufficiency is associated with significantly decreased NKCC, thereby potentially compromising early recognition and elimination of virally infected cells. This potential impairment in anti-viral immune defense may contribute to the increased rate of respiratory infections and ultimately mortality in PAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Bancos
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jon Hazeldine
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK (MRC-ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vasileios Chortis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Hampson
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK (MRC-ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Angela E Taylor
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Janet M Lord
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK (MRC-ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to W Arlt;
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Kiehn JT, Tsang AH, Heyde I, Leinweber B, Kolbe I, Leliavski A, Oster H. Circadian Rhythms in Adipose Tissue Physiology. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:383-427. [PMID: 28333377 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The different types of adipose tissues fulfill a wide range of biological functions-from energy storage to hormone secretion and thermogenesis-many of which show pronounced variations over the course of the day. Such 24-h rhythms in physiology and behavior are coordinated by endogenous circadian clocks found in all tissues and cells, including adipocytes. At the molecular level, these clocks are based on interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops comprised of a set of clock genes/proteins. Tissue-specific clock-controlled transcriptional programs translate time-of-day information into physiologically relevant signals. In adipose tissues, clock gene control has been documented for adipocyte proliferation and differentiation, lipid metabolism as well as endocrine function and other adipose oscillations are under control of systemic signals tied to endocrine, neuronal, or behavioral rhythms. Circadian rhythm disruption, for example, by night shift work or through genetic alterations, is associated with changes in adipocyte metabolism and hormone secretion. At the same time, adipose metabolic state feeds back to central and peripheral clocks, adjusting behavioral and physiological rhythms. In this overview article, we summarize our current knowledge about the crosstalk between circadian clocks and energy metabolism with a focus on adipose physiology. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:383-427, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana-Thabea Kiehn
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anthony H Tsang
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Isabel Heyde
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Brinja Leinweber
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Isa Kolbe
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexei Leliavski
- Institute of Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrik Oster
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Abstract
The hematologic system performs a number of essential functions, including oxygen transport, the execution of the immune response against tumor cells and invading pathogens, and hemostasis (blood clotting). These roles are performed by erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets), respectively. Critically, circadian rhythms are evident in the function of all 3 cell types. In this review, we describe these oscillations, explore their mechanistic bases, and highlight their key implications. Since erythrocytes are anucleate, circadian rhythms in these cells testify to the existence of a nontranscriptional circadian clock. From a clinical perspective, leukocyte rhythms could underlie daily variation in the severity of allergic reactions, the symptoms of chronic inflammatory diseases, and the body’s response to infection, while the rhythmic properties of thrombocytes may explain daily fluctuations in the incidence of heart attack and stroke. Consequently, the efficacy of treatments for these conditions is likely to depend on the timing of their administration. Last, we outline preliminary evidence that circadian disruption in the hematologic system could contribute to the deleterious effects of poor diet, shift work, and alcohol abuse on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pritchett
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Akhilesh B. Reddy
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
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31
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Guerrero-Vargas NN, Guzmán-Ruiz M, Fuentes R, García J, Salgado-Delgado R, Basualdo MDC, Escobar C, Markus RP, Buijs RM. Shift Work in Rats Results in Increased Inflammatory Response after Lipopolysaccharide Administration: A Role for Food Consumption. J Biol Rhythms 2015; 30:318-30. [PMID: 26017928 DOI: 10.1177/0748730415586482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) drives circadian rhythms in behavioral and physiological variables, including the inflammatory response. Shift work is known to disturb circadian rhythms and is associated with increased susceptibility to develop disease. In rodents, circadian disruption due to shifted light schedules (jet lag) induced increased innate immune responses. To gain more insight into the influence of circadian disruption on the immune response, we characterized the inflammatory response in a model of rodent shift work and demonstrated that circadian disruption affected the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both in vivo and in vitro. Since food consumption is a main disturbing element in the shift work schedule, we also evaluated the inflammatory response to LPS in a group of rats that had no access to food during their working hours. Our results demonstrated that the shift work schedule decreased basal TNF-α levels in the liver but not in the circulation. Despite this, we observed that shift work induced increased cytokine response after LPS stimulation in comparison to control rats. Also, Kupffer cells (liver macrophages) isolated from shift work rats produced more TNF-α in response to in vitro LPS stimulation, suggesting important effects of circadian desynchronization on the functionality of this cell type. Importantly, the effects of shift work on the inflammatory response to LPS were prevented when food was not available during the working schedule. Together, these results show that dissociating behavior and food intake from the synchronizing drive of the SCN severely disturbs the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalí N Guerrero-Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Mara Guzmán-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Rebeca Fuentes
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Joselyn García
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | | | - María del Carmen Basualdo
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Regina P Markus
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruud M Buijs
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
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Hua X, Shan Y, Li D, Xu D, Zhang J, Yang T, Han L, Shen C, Xia Y, Chen Q, Ma X, Zhang J, Xia Q. A Potential Profibrogenic Role of Biliary Epithelium-Derived Cardiotrophin-1 in Pediatric Cholestatic Liver Disease. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:606-12. [PMID: 25919795 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family, cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) has been shown to be an important endogenous protector in liver injury. Our study aimed to investigate the role of CT-1 in liver fibrosis in pediatric cholestatic liver disease (PCLD). CT-1 mRNA and protein expression levels were upregulated in PCLD liver biopsy tissues compared with controls. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy of liver sections showed that CT-1 was predominantly expressed by biliary epithelium cells. Serum CT-1 was elevated significantly in the children with PCLD compared with controls. Serum CT-1 levels exhibited a moderate positive correlation with the Scheuer stage of hepatic fibrosis and serum TB levels and a weak correlation with serum ALP levels. In vitro analysis indicated that LX-2 cells preconditioned with CT-1 exhibited significant increments in proliferation and accumulation of extracellular matrix components, while also positively regulating the STAT3 and p38MAPK pathways. In conclusion, biliary epithelium-derived CT-1 may exert a profibrogenic potential in PCLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Hua
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Shan
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Li
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongwei Xu
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Taihua Yang
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Longzhi Han
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Conghuan Shen
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xia
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qimin Chen
- 2 Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Ma
- 3 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, People's Republic of China .,4 Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health (Shanghai Jiao-Tong University) , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xia
- 1 Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Luo Y, Wang K, Wang Y, Zhang X, Teng H, Sun Z. Clock-controlled StAR's expression and corticosterone production contribute to the endotoxemia immune response. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:358-67. [PMID: 25421094 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.982284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Increased studies have revealed that core mammalian clock genes regulate immune functions. Previously, we reported Per2(m/m) mice displayed a down-regulated circadian immune response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. However, the mediators between Per2 and immune function and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, serum corticosterone (CORT), a hormone which played a crucial role in immune suppression, was found to be significantly increased in Per2(m/m) mice compared with the one in wild-type mice following LPS administration at ZT3 and ZT8. The elevated level of serum CORT was correlated with their higher survival rate, which could be further suppressed by glucocorticoid receptor antagonist. Expression of StAR, a rate-limiting enzyme in CORT synthesis, as well as the expression of core clock genes (Clock/Bmal1), was more strongly induced and longer lasting in Per2(m/m) mice in contrast to the ones in control mice after LPS injection. Additionally, the binding of CLOCK and BMAL1 to StAR's promoter was elevated after LPS administration, and the binding was higher in Per2(m/m) mice. Furthermore, loss of Clock function resulted in lower survival and failed to induce the serum CORT production and StAR expression in Clock(m/m) mice following LPS administration. Our results revealed that CORT, regulated by Bmal1/Clock transcriptional activation of StAR's expression, could function as a mediator between clock system and immune response and contribute to the endotoxemia resistance in Per2(m/m) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Wang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
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34
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Reciprocal interaction between the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the immune system tunes down the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 273:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Humans as diurnal beings are active during the day and rest at night. This daily oscillation of behavior and physiology is driven by an endogenous circadian clock not environmental cues. In modern societies, changes in lifestyle have led to a frequent disruption of the endogenous circadian homeostasis leading to increased risk of various diseases including cancer. The clock is operated by the feedback loops of circadian genes and controls daily physiology by coupling cell proliferation and metabolism, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis in peripheral tissues with physical activity, energy homeostasis, immune and neuroendocrine functions at the organismal level. Recent studies have revealed that defects in circadian genes due to targeted gene ablation in animal models or single nucleotide polymorphism, deletion, deregulation and/or epigenetic silencing in humans are closely associated with increased risk of cancer. In addition, disruption of circadian rhythm can disrupt the molecular clock in peripheral tissues in the absence of circadian gene mutations. Circadian disruption has recently been recognized as an independent cancer risk factor. Further study of the mechanism of clock-controlled tumor suppression will have a significant impact on human health by improving the efficiencies of cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Kettner
- Department of Pediatrics/U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service/ Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX , USA
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36
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Druzd D, de Juan A, Scheiermann C. Circadian rhythms in leukocyte trafficking. Semin Immunopathol 2014; 36:149-62. [PMID: 24435096 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-013-0414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A broad range of immunological processes oscillates over the course of a day. Recent findings have identified a molecular basis for the circadian clock in the regulation of the immune system. These rhythms manifest themselves in oscillatory behavior of immune cells and proinflammatory mediators, which causes a time-dependent sensitivity in the reaction to pathogens. This rhythmicity impacts disease manifestations and severity and provides an option for therapy that incorporates chronopharmacological considerations. This review will focus on the current knowledge and relevance of rhythmic immune cell trafficking. It will provide an overview of the molecular clock machinery and its interrelations with leukocyte migration and the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Druzd
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistraße 27, 81377, Munich, Germany
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37
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Tordjman S, Najjar I, Bellissant E, Anderson GM, Barburoth M, Cohen D, Jaafari N, Schischmanoff O, Fagard R, Lagdas E, Kermarrec S, Ribardiere S, Botbol M, Fougerou C, Bronsard G, Vernay-Leconte J. Advances in the research of melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: literature review and new perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:20508-42. [PMID: 24129182 PMCID: PMC3821628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in melatonin physiology may be involved or closely linked to the pathophysiology and behavioral expression of autistic disorder, given its role in neurodevelopment and reports of sleep-wake rhythm disturbances, decreased nocturnal melatonin production, and beneficial therapeutic effects of melatonin in individuals with autism. In addition, melatonin, as a pineal gland hormone produced from serotonin, is of special interest in autistic disorder given reported alterations in central and peripheral serotonin neurobiology. More specifically, the role of melatonin in the ontogenetic establishment of circadian rhythms and the synchronization of peripheral oscillators opens interesting perspectives to ascertain better the mechanisms underlying the significant relationship found between lower nocturnal melatonin excretion and increased severity of autistic social communication impairments, especially for verbal communication and social imitative play. In this article, first we review the studies on melatonin levels and the treatment studies of melatonin in autistic disorder. Then, we discuss the relationships between melatonin and autistic behavioral impairments with regard to social communication (verbal and non-verbal communication, social interaction), and repetitive behaviors or interests with difficulties adapting to change. In conclusion, we emphasize that randomized clinical trials in autism spectrum disorders are warranted to establish potential therapeutic efficacy of melatonin for social communication impairments and stereotyped behaviors or interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Tordjman
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France; E-Mails: (I.N.); (E.L.); (S.K.); (S.R.); (J.V.-L.)
- Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, CNRS UMR 8158, Paris 75270, France; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +33-6-15-38-07-48; Fax: +33-2-99-64-18-07
| | - Imen Najjar
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France; E-Mails: (I.N.); (E.L.); (S.K.); (S.R.); (J.V.-L.)
| | - Eric Bellissant
- Inserm CIC 0203 Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35033, France; E-Mails: (E.B.); (C.F.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35033, France
| | - George M. Anderson
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurochemistry, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Marianne Barburoth
- Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, CNRS UMR 8158, Paris 75270, France; E-Mail:
| | - David Cohen
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-SalpétrièreHospital, Paris 6 University, Paris 75013, France; E-Mail:
| | - Nemat Jaafari
- CIC INSERM U 802, CHU de Poitiers, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers 86022, France; E-Mail:
| | - Olivier Schischmanoff
- INSERM UMR U978, University of Paris 13, Bobigny 93009, France; E-Mails: (O.S.); (R.F.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny 93009, France
| | - Rémi Fagard
- INSERM UMR U978, University of Paris 13, Bobigny 93009, France; E-Mails: (O.S.); (R.F.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny 93009, France
| | - Enas Lagdas
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France; E-Mails: (I.N.); (E.L.); (S.K.); (S.R.); (J.V.-L.)
| | - Solenn Kermarrec
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France; E-Mails: (I.N.); (E.L.); (S.K.); (S.R.); (J.V.-L.)
| | - Sophie Ribardiere
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France; E-Mails: (I.N.); (E.L.); (S.K.); (S.R.); (J.V.-L.)
| | - Michel Botbol
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent de Brest, UBO, Brest 29238, France; E-Mail:
| | - Claire Fougerou
- Inserm CIC 0203 Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35033, France; E-Mails: (E.B.); (C.F.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35033, France
| | - Guillaume Bronsard
- Maison Départementale de l’Adolescent et Centre Médico-Psycho-Pédagogique, Conseil Général des Bouches-du-Rhône; Laboratoire de Santé Publique EA3279, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, Marseille 13256, France; E-Mail:
| | - Julie Vernay-Leconte
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France; E-Mails: (I.N.); (E.L.); (S.K.); (S.R.); (J.V.-L.)
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Fu L, Kettner NM. The circadian clock in cancer development and therapy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 119:221-82. [PMID: 23899600 PMCID: PMC4103166 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396971-2.00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most aspects of mammalian function display circadian rhythms driven by an endogenous clock. The circadian clock is operated by genes and comprises a central clock in the brain that responds to environmental cues and controls subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues via circadian output pathways. The central and peripheral clocks coordinately generate rhythmic gene expression in a tissue-specific manner in vivo to couple diverse physiological and behavioral processes to periodic changes in the environment. However, with the industrialization of the world, activities that disrupt endogenous homeostasis with external circadian cues have increased. This change in lifestyle has been linked to an increased risk of diseases in all aspects of human health, including cancer. Studies in humans and animal models have revealed that cancer development in vivo is closely associated with the loss of circadian homeostasis in energy balance, immune function, and aging, which are supported by cellular functions important for tumor suppression including cell proliferation, senescence, metabolism, and DNA damage response. The clock controls these cellular functions both locally in cells of peripheral tissues and at the organismal level via extracellular signaling. Thus, the hierarchical mammalian circadian clock provides a unique system to study carcinogenesis as a deregulated physiological process in vivo. The asynchrony between host and malignant tissues in cell proliferation and metabolism also provides new and exciting options for novel anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loning Fu
- Department of Pediatrics/U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service/Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole M. Kettner
- Department of Pediatrics/U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service/Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Evans JA, Davidson AJ. Health consequences of circadian disruption in humans and animal models. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 119:283-323. [PMID: 23899601 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396971-2.00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Daily rhythms in behavior and physiology are programmed by a hierarchical collection of biological clocks located throughout the brain and body, known as the circadian system. Mounting evidence indicates that disruption of circadian regulation is associated with a wide variety of adverse health consequences, including increased risk for premature death, cancer, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular dysfunction, immune dysregulation, reproductive problems, mood disorders, and learning deficits. Here we review the evidence for the pervasive effects of circadian disruption in humans and animal models, drawing from both environmental and genetic studies, and identify questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Evans
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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