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Bortolozzi A, Fico G, Berk M, Solmi M, Fornaro M, Quevedo J, Zarate CA, Kessing LV, Vieta E, Carvalho AF. New Advances in the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Lithium: A Neurobiologically Oriented Overview. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:323-357. [PMID: 38697859 PMCID: PMC11068842 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last six decades, lithium has been considered the gold standard treatment for the long-term management of bipolar disorder due to its efficacy in preventing both manic and depressive episodes as well as suicidal behaviors. Nevertheless, despite numerous observed effects on various cellular pathways and biologic systems, the precise mechanism through which lithium stabilizes mood remains elusive. Furthermore, there is recent support for the therapeutic potential of lithium in other brain diseases. This review offers a comprehensive examination of contemporary understanding and predominant theories concerning the diverse mechanisms underlying lithium's effects. These findings are based on investigations utilizing cellular and animal models of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Recent studies have provided additional support for the significance of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibition as a crucial mechanism. Furthermore, research has shed more light on the interconnections between GSK3-mediated neuroprotective, antioxidant, and neuroplasticity processes. Moreover, recent advancements in animal and human models have provided valuable insights into how lithium-induced modifications at the homeostatic synaptic plasticity level may play a pivotal role in its clinical effectiveness. We focused on findings from translational studies suggesting that lithium may interface with microRNA expression. Finally, we are exploring the repurposing potential of lithium beyond bipolar disorder. These recent findings on the therapeutic mechanisms of lithium have provided important clues toward developing predictive models of response to lithium treatment and identifying new biologic targets. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Lithium is the drug of choice for the treatment of bipolar disorder, but its mechanism of action in stabilizing mood remains elusive. This review presents the latest evidence on lithium's various mechanisms of action. Recent evidence has strengthened glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibition, changes at the level of homeostatic synaptic plasticity, and regulation of microRNA expression as key mechanisms, providing an intriguing perspective that may help bridge the mechanistic gap between molecular functions and its clinical efficacy as a mood stabilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analia Bortolozzi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Giovanna Fico
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Michael Berk
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Marco Solmi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Lars V Kessing
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
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Shaik MG, Joshi SV, Akunuri R, Rana P, Rahman Z, Polomoni A, Yaddanapudi VM, Dandekar MP, Srinivas N. Small molecule inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammasome and GSK-3β in the management of traumatic brain injury: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115718. [PMID: 37573828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating mental condition which causes physical disability and morbidity worldwide. TBI may damage the brain by direct injury that subsequently triggers a series of neuroinflammatory events. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and dysregulated host immune system has been documented in various neurological disorders such as TBI, ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis. The activation of NLRP3 post-TBI increases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and caspase-1, which are major drivers of neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Similarly, GSK-3β regulates apoptosis through tyrosine kinase and canonical Wnt signalling pathways. Thus, therapeutic targeting of NLRP3 inflammasome and GSK-3β has emerged as promising strategies for regulating the post-TBI neuroinflammation and neurobehavioral disturbances. In this review, we discuss the identification & development of several structurally diverse and pharmacologically interesting small molecule inhibitors for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and GSK-3β in the management of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahammad Ghouse Shaik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Swanand Vinayak Joshi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Ravikumar Akunuri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India; Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Preeti Rana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 037, India
| | - Anusha Polomoni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Venkata Madhavi Yaddanapudi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 037, India.
| | - Nanduri Srinivas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India.
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Yu SP, Jiang MQ, Shim SS, Pourkhodadad S, Wei L. Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in acute and chronic excitotoxicity: implications for preventive treatments of ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:43. [PMID: 37400870 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) are risk factors for each other; the comorbidity of these brain disorders in aging individuals represents a significant challenge in basic research and clinical practice. The similarities and differences between stroke and AD in terms of pathogenesis and pathophysiology, however, have rarely been comparably reviewed. Here, we discuss the research background and recent progresses that are important and informative for the comorbidity of stroke and late-onset AD and related dementia (ADRD). Glutamatergic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activity and NMDAR-mediated Ca2+ influx are essential for neuronal function and cell survival. An ischemic insult, however, can cause rapid increases in glutamate concentration and excessive activation of NMDARs, leading to swift Ca2+ overload in neuronal cells and acute excitotoxicity within hours and days. On the other hand, mild upregulation of NMDAR activity, commonly seen in AD animal models and patients, is not immediately cytotoxic. Sustained NMDAR hyperactivity and Ca2+ dysregulation lasting from months to years, nevertheless, can be pathogenic for slowly evolving events, i.e. degenerative excitotoxicity, in the development of AD/ADRD. Specifically, Ca2+ influx mediated by extrasynaptic NMDARs (eNMDARs) and a downstream pathway mediated by transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member (TRPM) are primarily responsible for excitotoxicity. On the other hand, the NMDAR subunit GluN3A plays a "gatekeeper" role in NMDAR activity and a neuroprotective role against both acute and chronic excitotoxicity. Thus, ischemic stroke and AD share an NMDAR- and Ca2+-mediated pathogenic mechanism that provides a common receptor target for preventive and possibly disease-modifying therapies. Memantine (MEM) preferentially blocks eNMDARs and was approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for symptomatic treatment of moderate-to-severe AD with variable efficacy. According to the pathogenic role of eNMDARs, it is conceivable that MEM and other eNMDAR antagonists should be administered much earlier, preferably during the presymptomatic phases of AD/ADRD. This anti-AD treatment could simultaneously serve as a preconditioning strategy against stroke that attacks ≥ 50% of AD patients. Future research on the regulation of NMDARs, enduring control of eNMDARs, Ca2+ homeostasis, and downstream events will provide a promising opportunity to understand and treat the comorbidity of AD/ADRD and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan P Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
| | - Michael Q Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Seong S Shim
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Soheila Pourkhodadad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Wiseman AL, Briggs CA, Peritt A, Kapecki N, Peterson DA, Shim SS, Stutzmann GE. Lithium Provides Broad Therapeutic Benefits in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:273-290. [PMID: 36442195 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder with a progressive loss of cognitive function. Currently, no effective treatment regimen is available. Lithium, a mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder, exerts broad neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions and improves cognitive function. OBJECTIVE The study investigated if lithium stabilizes Ca2+ signaling abnormalities in hippocampal neurons and subsequently normalize downstream effects on AD neuropathology and synaptic plasticity in young AD mice. METHODS Four-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were treated with a LiCl diet chow for 30 days. At the end of the lithium treatment, a combination of two-photon Ca2+ imaging, electrophysiology, and immunohistochemistry assays were used to assess the effects of the LiCl treatment on inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ and voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (VGCC)-mediated Ca2+ signaling in CA1 neurons, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and overlying cortex from 3xTg-ADmice. RESULTS Thirty-day LiCl treatment reduced aberrant IP3R-dependent ER Ca2+ and VGCC-mediated Ca2+ signaling in CA1 pyramidal neurons from 3xTg-AD mice and restored neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels to control levels in the hippocampal subfields and overlying cortex. The LiCl treatment enhanced post-tetanic potentiation (PTP), a form of short-term plasticity in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION The study found that lithium exerts therapeutic effects across several AD-associated early neuronal signaling abnormalities including aberrant Ca2+ signaling, nNOS, and p-tau formation and enhances short-term synaptic plasticity. Lithium could serve as an effective treatment or co-therapeutic for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L Wiseman
- Discipline of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Clark A Briggs
- Discipline of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariel Peritt
- Discipline of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Sackler School of Medicine, New York State/American Program of Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicolas Kapecki
- Discipline of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel A Peterson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Discipline of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seong S Shim
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, Mental Health, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Discipline of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.,School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA
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Hung SY, Chung HY, Luo ST, Chu YT, Chen YH, MacDonald IJ, Chien SY, Kotha P, Yang LY, Hwang LL, Dun NJ, Chuang DM, Chen YH. Electroacupuncture improves TBI dysfunction by targeting HDAC overexpression and BDNF-associated Akt/GSK-3β signaling. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:880267. [PMID: 36016833 PMCID: PMC9396337 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.880267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acupuncture or electroacupuncture (EA) appears to be a potential treatment in acute clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, it remains uncertain whether acupuncture affects post-TBI histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression or impacts other biochemical/neurobiological events. Materials and methods We used behavioral testing, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analysis to evaluate the cellular and molecular effects of EA at LI4 and LI11 in both weight drop-impact acceleration (WD)- and controlled cortical impact (CCI)-induced TBI models. Results Both WD- and CCI-induced TBI caused behavioral dysfunction, increased cortical levels of HDAC1 and HDAC3 isoforms, activated microglia and astrocytes, and decreased cortical levels of BDNF as well as its downstream mediators phosphorylated-Akt and phosphorylated-GSK-3β. Application of EA reversed motor, sensorimotor, and learning/memory deficits. EA also restored overexpression of HDAC1 and HDAC3, and recovered downregulation of BDNF-associated signaling in the cortex of TBI mice. Conclusion The results strongly suggest that acupuncture has multiple benefits against TBI-associated adverse behavioral and biochemical effects and that the underlying mechanisms are likely mediated by targeting HDAC overexpression and aberrant BDNF-associated Akt/GSK-3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ya Hung
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chung
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Ting Luo
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chu
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Iona J. MacDonald
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peddanna Kotha
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nae J. Dun
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - De-Maw Chuang
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yi-Hung Chen,
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6
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Stathas S, Alvarez VE, Xia W, Nicks R, Meng G, Daley S, Pothast M, Shah A, Kelley H, Esnault C, McCormack R, Dixon E, Fishbein L, Cherry JD, Huber BR, Tripodis Y, Alosco ML, Mez J, McKee AC, Stein TD. Tau phosphorylation sites serine202 and serine396 are differently altered in chronic traumatic encephalopathy and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1511-1522. [PMID: 34854540 PMCID: PMC9160206 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impacts (RHI) typically sustained by contact sport athletes. Post-translation modifications to tau in CTE have not been well delineated or compared to Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We measured phosphorylated tau epitopes within dorsolateral frontal cortex from post mortem brains with neither CTE nor AD (n = 108), CTE (n = 109), AD (n = 223), and both CTE and AD (n = 33). RESULTS Levels of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau)202 , p-tau231 , and p-tau396 were significantly increased in CTE. Total years of RHI exposure was significantly associated with increased p-tau202 levels (P = .001), but not p-tau396 . Instead, p-tau396 was most closely related to amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42 levels (P < .001). The p-tau202 :p-tau396 ratio was significantly increased in early and late CTE compared to AD. DISCUSSION In frontal cortex, p-tau202 is the most upregulated p-tau species in CTE, while p-tau396 is most increased in AD. p-tau202 and p-tau396 measurements may aid in developing biomarkers for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- SpiroAnthony Stathas
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Victor E. Alvarez
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Weiming Xia
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Raymond Nicks
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Gaoyuan Meng
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Sarah Daley
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Morgan Pothast
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Arsal Shah
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Hunter Kelley
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Camille Esnault
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Robert McCormack
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Erin Dixon
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Lucas Fishbein
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Cherry
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Bertrand R. Huber
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
| | - Michael L. Alosco
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
| | - Ann C. McKee
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Thor D. Stein
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 20118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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7
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Bahlakeh G, Rahbarghazi R, Abedelahi A, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Karimipour M. Neurotrophic factor-secreting cells restored endogenous hippocampal neurogenesis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in AD model mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:343. [PMID: 35883119 PMCID: PMC9327342 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Impairment in neurogenesis correlates with memory and cognitive dysfunction in AD patients. In the recent decade, therapies with stem cell bases are growing and proved to be efficient. This study is a preliminary attempt to explore the impact of NTF-SCs on hippocampal neurogenesis mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade in AD-like mouse brain parenchyma. Methods The BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: Control, AD +Vehicle, AD+ TF-SCs-CM and AD+NTF-SCs (n = 10). For AD induction, 100 µM Aβ1-42 was injected into lateral ventricles. The AD-like model was confirmed via passive avoidance test and Thioflavin-S staining 21 days following Aβ injection. Next, NTF-SCs were differentiated from ADMSCs, and both NTF-SCs and supernatant (NTF-SCs-CM) were injected into the hippocampus after AD confirmation. Endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation capacity was assessed after 50 mg/kbW BrdU injection for 4 days using immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The percent of BrdU/Nestin and BrdU/NeuN positive NSCs were calculated. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect genes related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. The spatial learning and memory alternation was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM). Results Data showed the reduction in escape latency over 5 days in the AD mice compared to the control group. The administration of NTF-SCs and NTF-SCs-CM increased this value compared to the AD-Vehicle group. Both NTF-SCs and NTF-SCs-CM were the potential to reduce the cumulative distance to the platform in AD mice compared to the AD-Vehicle group. The time spent in target quadrants was ameliorated following NTF-SCs and NTF-SCs-CM transplantation followed by an improved MWM performance. IF imaging revealed the increase in BrdU/Nestin+ and BrdU/NeuN+ in AD mice that received NTF-SCs and NTF-SCs-CM, indicating enhanced neurogenesis. Based on real-time PCR analysis, the expression of PI3K, Akt, MAPK, ERK, Wnt, and β-catenin was upregulated and coincided with the suppression of GSK-3β after injection of NTF-SCs-CM and NTF-SCs. In this study, NTF-SCs had superior effects in AD mice that received NTF-SCs compared to NTF-SCs-CM. Conclusions The activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway via NTF-SCs can be touted as a possible therapeutic approach to restore neurogenesis in AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozal Bahlakeh
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Abedelahi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimipour
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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Zhang H, Han Y, Zhang L, Jia X, Niu Q. The GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling-Mediated Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Pathway Is Involved in Aluminum-Induced Impairment of Hippocampal LTP In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4635-4645. [PMID: 33462795 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The neurotoxic effects of aluminum (Al) are associated with the impairment of synaptic plasticity, the biological basis of learning and memory, the major form of which is long-term potentiation (LTP). The canonical glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin signaling-mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway has been suggested to play important roles in memory. Thus, Al may affect LTP through this pathway. In this study, a Sprague-Dawley rat model of neurotoxicity was established through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of aluminum maltol (Al(mal)3), which was achieved by preimplantation of a cannula into the lateral ventricle. The rats in the control and Al-treated groups received a daily injection of SB216763, an inhibitor of GSK-3β. Electrophysiology and western blot analysis were used to investigate the regulatory effect of the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling-mediated BDNF pathway on LTP impairment induced by Al(mal)3. The results confirmed that i.c.v. injection of Al(mal)3 significantly suppressed the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) amplitude, as indicated by a decrease in BDNF protein expression, which was accompanied by dose-dependent decreases in β-catenin protein expression and the phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Ser9. Rats that received SB216763, a GSK-3β inhibitor, exhibited higher fEPSP amplitudes than control rats. Furthermore, SB216763 treatment upregulated the hippocampal protein expression of BDNF and β-catenin while increasing the ratio of p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β. From the perspective of the identified β-catenin-BDNF axis, Al impairs hippocampal LTP, possibly through the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling-mediated BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yingchao Han
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaofang Jia
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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9
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Mechanical Stretching-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Is Mediated by the Formation of GSK-3β-Tau Complex to Impair Insulin Signaling Transduction. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111650. [PMID: 34829879 PMCID: PMC8615493 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury confers a significant and growing public health burden. It is a major environmental risk factor for dementia. Nonetheless, the mechanism by which primary mechanical injury leads to neurodegeneration and an increased risk of dementia-related diseases is unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of stretching on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells that proliferate in vitro. These cells retain the dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity, thus being suitable for neuromechanistic studies. SH-SY5Y cells were cultured on stretchable membranes. The culture conditions contained two groups, namely non-stretched (control) and stretched. They were subjected to cyclic stretching (6 and 24 h) and 25% elongation at 1 Hz. Following stretching at 25% and 1 Hz for 6 h, the mechanical injury changed the mitochondrial membrane potential and triggered oxidative DNA damage at 24 h. Stretching decreased the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factors and increased amyloid-β, thus indicating neuronal stress. Moreover, the mechanical injury downregulated the insulin pathway and upregulated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β)S9/p-Tau protein levels, which caused a neuronal injury. Following 6 and 24 h of stretching, GSK-3βS9 was directly bound to p-TauS396. In contrast, the neuronal injury was improved using GSK-3β inhibitor TWS119, which downregulated amyloid-β/p-Taus396 phosphorylation by enhancing ERK1/2T202/Y204 and AktS473 phosphorylation. Our findings imply that the neurons were under stress and that the inactivation of the GSK3β could alleviate this defect.
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10
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Kamash P, Ding Y. Hypothermia promotes synaptic plasticity and protective effects in neurological diseases. Brain Circ 2021; 7:294-297. [PMID: 35071849 PMCID: PMC8757500 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_28_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kamash
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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11
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Maleki Dana P, Sadoughi F, Mansournia MA, Mirzaei H, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Targeting Wnt signaling pathway by polyphenols: implication for aging and age-related diseases. Biogerontology 2021; 22:479-494. [PMID: 34480268 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Age is an important risk factor for different diseases. The same mechanisms that promote aging are involved in the development and progression of age-associated diseases. Polyphenols are organic compounds found in fruits and vegetables. Due to their beneficial properties (e.g. antioxidant and anti-inflammatory), polyphenols have been extensively used for treating chronic diseases. To exert their functions, polyphenols target various molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, such as mTOR, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin. Wnt signaling is a critical pathway for developmental processes. Besides, dysregulation of this signaling pathway has been observed in various diseases. Several investigations have been conducted on Wnt inhibitors at pre-clinical stages, showing promising results. Herein, we review the studies dealing with the role of polyphenols in targeting the Wnt signaling pathways in aging processes and age-associated diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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12
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McDaid J, Briggs CA, Barrington NM, Peterson DA, Kozlowski DA, Stutzmann GE. Sustained Hippocampal Synaptic Pathophysiology Following Single and Repeated Closed-Head Concussive Impacts. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:652721. [PMID: 33867941 PMCID: PMC8044326 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.652721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), and related diseases such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and Alzheimer’s (AD), are of increasing concern in part due to enhanced awareness of their long-term neurological effects on memory and behavior. Repeated concussions, vs. single concussions, have been shown to result in worsened and sustained symptoms including impaired cognition and histopathology. To assess and compare the persistent effects of single or repeated concussive impacts on mediators of memory encoding such as synaptic transmission, plasticity, and cellular Ca2+ signaling, a closed-head controlled cortical impact (CCI) approach was used which closely replicates the mode of injury in clinical cases. Adult male rats received a sham procedure, a single impact, or three successive impacts at 48-hour intervals. After 30 days, hippocampal slices were prepared for electrophysiological recordings and 2-photon Ca2+ imaging, or fixed and immunostained for pathogenic phospho-tau species. In both concussion groups, hippocampal circuits showed hyper-excitable synaptic responsivity upon Schaffer collateral stimulation compared to sham animals, indicating sustained defects in hippocampal circuitry. This was not accompanied by sustained LTP deficits, but resting Ca2+ levels and voltage-gated Ca2+ signals were elevated in both concussion groups, while ryanodine receptor-evoked Ca2+ responses decreased with repeat concussions. Furthermore, pathogenic phospho-tau staining was progressively elevated in both concussion groups, with spreading beyond the hemisphere of injury, consistent with CTE. Thus, single and repeated concussions lead to a persistent upregulation of excitatory hippocampal synapses, possibly through changes in postsynaptic Ca2+ signaling/regulation, which may contribute to histopathology and detrimental long-term cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McDaid
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Clark A Briggs
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nikki M Barrington
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Daniel A Peterson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dorothy A Kozlowski
- Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
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13
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Varlow C, Mossine AV, Bernard-Gauthier V, Scott PJH, Vasdev N. Radiofluorination of oxazole-carboxamides for preclinical PET neuroimaging of GSK-3. J Fluor Chem 2021; 245. [PMID: 33840834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is an enzyme that is dysregulated in oncology neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and several mental health illnesses. As such, GSK-3 is a long-sought after target for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and therapeutic intervention. Herein, we report on the development and radiofluorination of two oxazole-4-carboxamides, including one bearing a non-activated aromatic ring. Both compounds demonstrated excellent selectivity in a kinase screen and inhibit GSK-3 with high affinity. [18F]OCM-49 was synthesized from [18F]fluoride using a copper-mediated reaction of an aryl boronic acid precursor, while [18F]OCM-50 used a trimethylammonium triflate precursor, and both radiotracers were translated for preclinical PET imaging in rodents. Due to superior radiochemical yields and brain uptake (peak standardized uptake value of ~2.0), [18F]OCM-50 was further evaluated in non-human primate and also showed good brain uptake and rapid clearance. Further studies to consider clinical translation of both radiotracers are underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassis Varlow
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Andrew V Mossine
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Peter J H Scott
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
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14
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Correll EA, Ramser BJ, Knott MV, McCullumsmith RE, McGuire JL, Ngwenya LB. Deficits in pattern separation and dentate gyrus proliferation after rodent lateral fluid percussion injury. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:31-41. [PMID: 33861814 PMCID: PMC8019949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that adult born granule cells are generated after traumatic brain injury (TBI). There is evidence that these newly generated neurons are aberrant and are poised to contribute to poor cognitive function after TBI. Yet, there is also evidence that these newly generated neurons are important for cognitive recovery. Pattern separation is a cognitive task known to be dependent on the function of adult generated granule cells. Performance on this task and the relation to dentate gyrus dysfunction after TBI has not been previously studied. Here we subjected Sprague Dawley rats to lateral fluid percussion injury or sham and tested them on the dentate gyrus dependent task pattern separation. At 2 weeks after injury, we examined common markers of dentate gyrus function such as GSK3ß phosphorylation, Ki-67 immunohistochemistry, and generation of adult born granule cells. We found that injured animals have deficits in pattern separation. We additionally found a decrease in proliferative capacity at 2 weeks indicated by decreased phosphorylation of GSK3ß and Ki-67 immunopositivity as compared to sham animals. Lastly we found an increase in numbers of new neurons generated during the pattern separation task. These findings provide evidence that dentate gyrus dysfunction may be an important contributor to TBI pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika A Correll
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Benjamin J Ramser
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Maxon V Knott
- University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801W. Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.,ProMedica Toledo Hospital, 1 ProMedica Pkwy, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Jennifer L McGuire
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Laura B Ngwenya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.,Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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15
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Zhang Z, Yu J, Wang P, Lin L, Liu R, Zeng R, Ma H, Zhao Y. iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling reveals protein alterations after traumatic brain injury and supports thyroxine as a potential treatment. Mol Brain 2021; 14:25. [PMID: 33504361 PMCID: PMC7839205 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a primary cause of disability and death across the world. Previously, RNA analysis was widely used to study the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying TBI; however, the relatively low correlation between the transcriptome and proteome revealed that RNA transcription abundance does not reliably predict protein abundance, which led to the emergence of proteomic research. In this study, an iTRAQ proteomics approach was applied to detect protein alterations after TBI on a large scale. A total of 3937 proteins were identified, and 146 proteins were significantly changed after TBI. Moreover, 23 upregulated proteins were verified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and fold changes in 16 proteins were consistent with iTRAQ outcomes. Transthyretin (Ttr) upregulation has been demonstrated at the transcriptional level, and this study further confirmed this at the protein level. After treatment with thyroxine (T4), which is transported by Ttr, the effects of T4 on neuronal histopathology and behavioral performance were determined in vivo (TBI + T4 group). Brain edema was alleviated, and the integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB) improved. Escape latency in the Morris water maze (MWM) declined significantly compared with the group without T4 treatment. Modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) of the TBI + T4 group decreased from day 1 to day 7 post-TBI compared with the TBI + saline group. These results indicate that T4 treatment has potential to alleviate pathologic and behavioral abnormalities post-TBI. Protein alterations after T4 treatment were also detected by iTRAQ proteomics. Upregulation of proteins like Lgals3, Gfap and Apoe after TBI were reversed by T4 treatment. GO enrichment showed T4 mainly affected intermediate filament organization, cholesterol transportation and axonal regeneration. In summary, iTRAQ proteomics provides information about the impact of TBI on protein alterations and yields insight into underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in TBI and T4 treatment. Finally, Ttr and other proteins identified by iTRAQ may become potential novel treatment targets post-TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Zhang
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Jiangtao Yu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Lian Lin
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Haoli Ma
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
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16
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Haupt M, Bähr M, Doeppner TR. Lithium beyond psychiatric indications: the reincarnation of a new old drug. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2383-2387. [PMID: 33907010 PMCID: PMC8374558 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.313015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium has been used in the treatment of bipolar disorders for decades, but the exact mechanisms of action remain elusive to this day. Recent evidence suggests that lithium is critically involved in a variety of signaling pathways affecting apoptosis, inflammation, and neurogenesis, all of which contributing to the complex pathophysiology of various neurological diseases. As a matter of fact, preclinical work reports both acute and long-term neuroprotection in distinct neurological disease models such as Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, and ischemic stroke. Lithium treatment reduces cell injury, decreases α-synuclein aggregation and Tau protein phosphorylation, modulates inflammation and even stimulates neuroregeneration under experimental conditions of Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer’s disease. The therapeutic impact of lithium under conditions of ischemic stroke was also studied in numerous preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, giving rise to a randomized double-blind clinical stroke trial. The preclinic data revealed a lithium-induced upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins such as B-cell lymphoma 2, heat shock protein 70, and activated protein 1, resulting in decreased neuronal cell loss. Lithium, however, does not only yield postischemic neuroprotection but also enhances endogenous neuroregeneration by stimulating neural stem cell proliferation and by regulating distinct signaling pathways such as the RE1-silencing transcription factor. In line with this, lithium treatment has been shown to modulate postischemic cytokine secretion patterns, diminishing microglial activation and stabilizing blood-brain barrier integrity yielding reduced levels of neuroinflammation. The aforementioned observations culminated in a first clinical trial, which revealed an improved motor recovery in patients with cortical stroke after lithium treatment. Beside its well-known psychiatric indications, lithium is thus a promising neuroprotective candidate for the aforementioned neurological diseases. A detailed understanding of the lithium-induced mechanisms, however, is important for prospective clinical trials which may pave the way for a successful bench-to-bedside translation in the future. In this review, we will give an overview of lithium-induced neuroprotective mechanisms under various pathological conditions, with special emphasis on ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Haupt
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thorsten R Doeppner
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Menet R, Lecordier S, ElAli A. Wnt Pathway: An Emerging Player in Vascular and Traumatic Mediated Brain Injuries. Front Physiol 2020; 11:565667. [PMID: 33071819 PMCID: PMC7530281 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.565667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway, which comprises the canonical and non-canonical pathways, is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that regulates crucial biological aspects throughout the development and adulthood. Emergence and patterning of the nervous and vascular systems are intimately coordinated, a process in which Wnt pathway plays particularly important roles. In the brain, Wnt ligands activate a cell-specific surface receptor complex to induce intracellular signaling cascades regulating neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, neuronal plasticity, synaptic plasticity, angiogenesis, vascular stabilization, and inflammation. The Wnt pathway is tightly regulated in the adult brain to maintain neurovascular functions. Historically, research in neuroscience has emphasized essentially on investigating the pathway in neurodegenerative disorders. Nonetheless, emerging findings have demonstrated that the pathway is deregulated in vascular- and traumatic-mediated brain injuries. These findings are suggesting that the pathway constitutes a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic protective and restorative interventions. Yet, targeting a complex multifunctional signal transduction pathway remains a major challenge. The review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the implication of Wnt pathway in the pathobiology of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, as well as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, the review will present the strategies used so far to manipulate the pathway for therapeutic purposes as to highlight potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Menet
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Lecordier
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Ayman ElAli
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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18
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Zhao S, Liu Z, Yu Z, Wu X, Li R, Tang X. BIO alleviates inflammation through inhibition of GSK-3β in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2020; 133:383-391. [PMID: 31226691 DOI: 10.3171/2019.4.jns183501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays a key role in secondary brain damage following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) plays a strong proinflammatory role in many CNS diseases, including stroke. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO), a specific inhibitor of GSK-3β, on inflammation in ICH rats. METHODS An ICH rat model was induced by autologous whole-blood injection into the striatum. First, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, or 100 μg/kg BIO was applied to ICH animals to determine an optimal dosage for producing sufficient GSK-3β inhibition in rat ipsilateral hippocampus by Western blotting. Second, 40 μg/kg BIO was applied to ICH rats for 1, 3, 7, or 14 days, respectively, to determine a suitable intervention time course of BIO by Western blotting analysis on GSK-3β. Third, Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for quantification of inflammation-related factors upstream or downstream of GSK-3β in rat ipsilateral hippocampus. Then, immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect activated microglia and apoptotic cells in rat ipsilateral hippocampus. Last, neurobehavioral tests were performed to assess the sensorimotor impairments in the ICH rats. RESULTS The results show that BIO 1) blocked GSK-3βTyr216 phosphorylation/activation, thus stabilizing β-catenin, increasing upstream brain-derived neurotrophic factor and downstream heat shock protein 70 levels, and decreasing the levels of nuclear factor-κB p65 and cyclooxygenase 2; 2) decreased the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and elevated the level of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10; 3) inhibited microglia activation and cell apoptosis; and 4) improved the sensorimotor deficits of ICH rats. CONCLUSIONS BIO posttreatment inhibited microglia activation, prevented inflammation and hippocampal cell death, and ameliorated functional and morphological outcomes in a rat ICH model through inactivation of GSK-3β.
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19
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Dohare P, Kidwai A, Kaur J, Singla P, Krishna S, Klebe D, Zhang X, Hevner R, Ballabh P. GSK3β Inhibition Restores Impaired Neurogenesis in Preterm Neonates With Intraventricular Hemorrhage. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3482-3495. [PMID: 30192926 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common complication of prematurity in infants born at 23-28 weeks of gestation. Survivors exhibit impaired growth of the cerebral cortex and neurodevelopmental sequeale, but the underlying mechanism(s) are obscure. Previously, we have shown that neocortical neurogenesis continues until at least 28 gestational weeks. This renders the prematurely born infants vulnerable to impaired neurogenesis. Here, we hypothesized that neurogenesis is impaired by IVH, and that signaling through GSK3β, a critical intracellular kinase regulated by Wnt and other pathways, mediates this effect. These hypotheses were tested observationally in autopsy specimens from premature infants, and experimentally in a premature rabbit IVH model. Significantly, in premature infants with IVH, the number of neurogenic cortical progenitor cells was reduced compared with infants without IVH, indicating acutely decreased neurogenesis. This finding was corroborated in the rabbit IVH model, which further demonstrated reduction of upper layer cortical neurons after longer survival. Both the acute reduction of neurogenic progenitors, and the subsequent decrease of upper layer neurons, were rescued by treatment with AR-A014418, a specific inhibitor of GSK3β. Together, these results indicate that IVH impairs late stages of cortical neurogenesis, and suggest that treatment with GSK3β inhibitors may enhance neurodevelopment in premature infants with IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Dohare
- Department of Pediatrics.,Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert Hevner
- Department of Pathology, 9500 Gilman Dr, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Praveen Ballabh
- Department of Pediatrics.,Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience.,Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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20
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Cao Y, Liu B, Xu W, Wang L, Shi F, Li N, Lei Y, Wang J, Tian Q, Zhou X. Inhibition of mTORC1 improves STZ-induced AD-like impairments in mice. Brain Res Bull 2020; 162:166-179. [PMID: 32599128 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share some pathological features, including tau hyperphosphorylation and deficits in insulin signaling, but the underlying mechanism and effective drugs for treating AD are unknown. The AD-like brain impairments are almost same in both of mouse type 2 DM models induced by the multiple low-dose intraperitoneal (i.p.) streptozotocin (STZ) injection and twice intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) STZ injection. We found that memory disorders, impairment of insulin signaling, and AD-like tauopathies were exhibited in two different STZ-induced mouse models and that the level of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) was increased in two STZ mouse models. Inhibition of mTORC1 with rapamycin reversed the deficits of insulin signaling associated kinases activity, decreased levels of AGEs and AD-like tau phosphorylation, and also improved memory deficit in both STZ mice. Rapamycin attenuated HG-induced tau hyperphosphorylation via the AKT/AMPK/GSK-3β pathways and p70S6K in SH-SY5Y cells. Taken together, these data demonstrated that rapamycin improved STZ-induced AD-like tauopathies and memory deficit in mice via improving p70S6K and AKT/AMPK/GSK-3β signaling and decreasing AGEs. Therefore, regulating insulin signaling via mTORC1 is a new strategy for preventing T2DM-associated AD, and mTORC1 is a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Bingjin Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou 318000, PR China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Fangxiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Ying Lei
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Jianzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Qing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Xinwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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21
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Manduca JD, Thériault RK, Perreault ML. Glycogen synthase kinase-3: The missing link to aberrant circuit function in disorders of cognitive dysfunction? Pharmacol Res 2020; 157:104819. [PMID: 32305493 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Elevated GSK-3 activity has been implicated in cognitive dysfunction associated with various disorders including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Further, aberrant neural oscillatory activity in, and between, cortical regions and the hippocampus is consistently present within these same cognitive disorders. In this review, we will put forth the idea that increased GSK-3 activity serves as a pathological convergence point across cognitive disorders, inducing similar consequent impacts on downstream signaling mechanisms implicated in the maintenance of processes critical to brain systems communication and normal cognitive functioning. In this regard we suggest that increased activation of GSK-3 and neuronal oscillatory dysfunction are early pathological changes that may be functionally linked. Mechanistic commonalities between these disorders of cognitive dysfunction will be discussed and potential downstream targets of GSK-3 that may contribute to neuronal oscillatory dysfunction identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Manduca
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Melissa L Perreault
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada.
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22
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Sacramento CB, Sondhi D, Rosenberg JB, Chen A, Giordano S, Pey E, Lee V, Stiles KM, Havlicek DF, Leopold PL, Kaminsky SM, Crystal RG. Anti-Phospho-Tau Gene Therapy for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 31:57-69. [PMID: 31608704 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by repetitive trauma to the central nervous system (CNS) suffered by soldiers, contact sport athletes, and civilians following accident-related trauma. CTE is a CNS tauopathy, with trauma-induced inflammation leading to accumulation of hyperphosphorylated forms of the microtubule-binding protein Tau (pTau), resulting in neurofibrillary tangles and progressive loss of neurons. At present, there are no therapies to treat CTE. We hypothesized that direct CNS administration of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector coding for an anti-pTau antibody would generate sufficient levels of anti-pTau in the CNS to suppress pTau accumulation thus interrupting the pathogenic process. Using a serotype AAVrh.10 gene transfer vector coding for a monoclonal antibody directed against pTau, we demonstrate the feasibility of this strategy in a murine CTE model in which pTau accumulation was elicited by repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI) using a closed cortical impact procedure over 5 days. Direct delivery of AAVrh.10 expression vectors coding for either of the two different anti-pTau antibodies to the hippocampus of these TBI mice significantly reduced pTau levels across the CNS. Using doses that can be safely scaled to humans, the data demonstrate that CNS administration of AAVrh.10anti-pTau is effective, providing a new strategy to interrupt the CTE consequences of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan B Rosenberg
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alvin Chen
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie Giordano
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Eduard Pey
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Vladlena Lee
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Katie M Stiles
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - David F Havlicek
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Philip L Leopold
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Stephen M Kaminsky
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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23
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Ratliff WA, Saykally JN, Mervis RF, Lin X, Cao C, Citron BA. Behavior, protein, and dendritic changes after model traumatic brain injury and treatment with nanocoffee particles. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:44. [PMID: 31438853 PMCID: PMC6704525 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread public health problem and a signature injury of our military in modern conflicts. Despite the long-term effects of even mild brain injuries, an effective treatment remains elusive. Coffee and several of its compounds, including caffeine, have been identified as having neuroprotective effects in studies of neurodegenerative disease. Given the molecular similarities between TBI and neurodegenerative disease, we have devised a study to test a nanocoffee extract in the treatment of a mouse model of mild TBI. Results After a single injury and two subsequent injections of nanocoffee, we identified treatment as being associated with improved behavioral outcomes, favorable molecular signaling changes, and dendritic changes suggestive of improved neuronal health. Conclusions We have identified coffee extracts as a potential viable multifaceted treatment approach to target the secondary injury associated with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A Ratliff
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jessica N Saykally
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ronald F Mervis
- NeuroStructural Analytics, Inc, Columbus, OH, USA.,Center for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- The USF-Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- The USF-Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Bruce A Citron
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.,VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development, Bldg. 16, Rm. 16-176, 385 Tremont Ave, Mailstop 15, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
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24
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Jin H, Yang X, Zhao K, Zhao L, Chen C, Yu J. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitors protectagainst the acute lung injuries resulting from acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900609. [PMID: 31433000 PMCID: PMC6705337 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190060000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The research is intended for clarification of the efficacy as well as the underlying mechanism of GSK-3β inhibitors on the advancement of acute lung injuries in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in rats. METHODS Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: (1)ANP-vehicle; (2)ANP-TDZD-8;(3)ANP-SB216763;(4)Sham-vehicle;(5)Sham-TDZD-8;(6)Sham-SB216763; Blood biochemical test, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis of rats pancreas and lung tissues were performed. The protein expression of GSK-3β, phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9), iNOS, ICAM-1, TNF-α, and IL-10 were detected in lung tissues by Western-blot. RESULTS The outcomes revealed that the intervention of GSK-3β inhibitors alleviated the pathological damage of pancreas and lung (P<0.01), reduced serum amylase, lipase, hydrothorax and lung Wet-to-Dry Ratio, attenuated serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 (P<0.01), inhibited the activation of NF-κB, and abated expression of iNOS, ICAM-1 and TNF-α protein, but up-regulated IL-10 expression in lung of ANP rats (P<0.01). The inflammatory response and various indicators in ANP-TDZD-8 groups were lower than those in ANP-SB216763 groups. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of GSK-3β weakens acute lung injury related to ANP via the inhibitory function of NF-κB signaling pathway. Different kinds of GSK-3β inhibitors have different effects to ANP acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhong Jin
- PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China. Acquisiton and analysis of data, manuscript writing
| | - Xiaojia Yang
- PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China. Acquisiton and analysis of data, manuscript writing
| | - Kailiang Zhao
- MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China. Conception and design of the study, supervised all phases of the study, final approval
| | - Liang Zhao
- MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China. Statistical analysis, manuscript preparation
| | - Chen Chen
- MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China. Statistical analysis, manuscript preparation
| | - Jia Yu
- MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China. Technical procedures, histopathological examinations
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25
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Li F, Wong R, Luo Z, Du L, Turlova E, Britto LRG, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Neuroprotective Effects of AG490 in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8109-8123. [PMID: 31190145 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In infants and children, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury represents a major cause of chronic neurological morbidity. The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2), a non-selective cation channel that conducts calcium, can mediate neuronal death following HI brain injury. An important endogenous activator of TRPM2 is H2O2, which has previously been reported to be upregulated in the neonatal brain after hypoxic ischemic injury. Here, incorporating both in vitro (H2O2-induced neuronal cell death model) and in vivo (mouse HI brain injury model) approaches, we examined the effects of AG490, which can inhibit the H2O2-induced TRPM2 channel. We found that AG490 elicited neuroprotective effects. We confirmed that AG490 reduced H2O2-induced TRPM2 currents. Specifically, application of AG490 to neurons ameliorated H2O2-induced cell injury in vitro. In addition, AG490 administration reduced brain damage and improved neurobehavioral performance following HI brain injury in vivo. The neuroprotective benefits of AG490 suggest that pharmacological inhibition of H2O2-activated TRPM2 currents can be exploited as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat HI-induced neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Li
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhengwei Luo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lida Du
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Luiz R G Britto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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26
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Marschner L, Schreurs A, Lechat B, Mogensen J, Roebroek A, Ahmed T, Balschun D. Single mild traumatic brain injury results in transiently impaired spatial long-term memory and altered search strategies. Behav Brain Res 2019; 365:222-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Rubenstein R, Sharma DR, Chang B, Oumata N, Cam M, Vaucelle L, Lindberg MF, Chiu A, Wisniewski T, Wang KKW, Meijer L. Novel Mouse Tauopathy Model for Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Evaluation of Long-Term Effects on Cognition and Biomarker Levels After Therapeutic Inhibition of Tau Phosphorylation. Front Neurol 2019; 10:124. [PMID: 30915013 PMCID: PMC6421297 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for a group of neurodegenerative diseases termed tauopathies, which includes Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Although TBI is stratified by impact severity as either mild (m), moderate or severe, mTBI is the most common and the most difficult to diagnose. Tauopathies are pathologically related by the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau) and increased total tau (T-tau). Here we describe: (i) a novel human tau-expressing transgenic mouse model, TghTau/PS1, to study repetitive mild closed head injury (rmCHI), (ii) quantitative comparison of T-tau and P-tau from brain and plasma in TghTau/PS1 mice over a 12 month period following rmCHI (and sham), (iii) the usefulness of P-tau as an early- and late-stage blood-based biochemical biomarker for rmCHI, (iii) the influence of kinase-targeted therapeutic intervention on rmCHI-associated cognitive deficits using a combination of lithium chloride (LiCl) and R-roscovitine (ros), and (iv) correlation of behavioral and cognitive changes with concentrations of the brain and blood-based T-tau and P-tau. Compared to sham-treated mice, behavior changes and cognitive deficits of rmCHI-treated TghTau/PS1 mice correlated with increases in both cortex and plasma T-tau and P-tau levels over 12 months. In addition, T-tau, but more predominantly P-tau, levels were significantly reduced in the cortex and plasma by LiCl + ros approaching the biomarker levels in sham and drug-treated sham mice (the drugs had only modest effects on the T-tau and P-tau levels in sham mice) throughout the 12 month study period. Furthermore, although we also observed a reversal of the abnormal behavior and cognitive deficits in the drug-treated rmCHI mice (compared to the untreated rmCHI mice) throughout the time course, these drug-treated effects were most pronounced up until 10 and 12 months where the abnormal behavior and cognition deficits began to gradually increase. These studies describe: (a) a translational relevant animal model for TBI-linked tauopathies, and (b) utilization of T-tau and P-tau as rmCHI biomarkers in plasma to monitor novel therapeutic strategies and treatment regimens for these neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rubenstein
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Deep R Sharma
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Binggong Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Nassima Oumata
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | - Morgane Cam
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | - Lise Vaucelle
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Allen Chiu
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Center for Cognitive Neurology and Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
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28
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Farr SA, Niehoff ML, Kumar VB, Roby DA, Morley JE. Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β as a Treatment for the Prevention of Cognitive Deficits after a Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1869-1875. [PMID: 30704365 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has many long-term consequences, including impairment in memory and changes in mood. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in its phosphorylated form (p-GSK-3β) is considered to be a major contributor to memory problems that occur post-TBI. We have developed an antisense that targets the GSK-3β (GAO) gene. Using a model of closed-head concussive TBI, we subjected mice to TBI and injected GAO or a random antisense (RAO) 15 min post-injury. One week post-injury, mice were tested in object recognition with 24 h delay. At 4 weeks post- injury, mice were tested with a T-maze foot shock avoidance memory test and a second object recognition test with 24 h delay using different objects. Mice that received GAO show improved memory in both object recognition and T-maze compared with RAO- treated mice that were subjected to TBI. Next, we verified that GAO blocked the surge in phosphorylated GSK-3β post-TBI. Mice were subjected to TBI and injected with antisense 15 min post-TBI with GAO or RAO. Mice were euthanized at 4 and 72 h post-TBI. Analysis of p-ser9GSK-3β, p-tyr216GSK-3β, and phospho-tau (p-tau)404 showed that mice that received a TBI+RAO had significantly higher p-ser9GSK-3β, p-tyr216GSK-3β, and p-tau404 levels than the mice that received TBI+GAO and the Sham+RAO mice. The current finding suggests that inhibiting GSK-3β increase after TBI with an antisense directed at GSK-3β prevents learning and memory impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Farr
- 1 Research & Development Service, VA Medical Center /Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael L Niehoff
- 1 Research & Development Service, VA Medical Center /Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vijaya B Kumar
- 1 Research & Development Service, VA Medical Center /Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deborah A Roby
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John E Morley
- 1 Research & Development Service, VA Medical Center /Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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29
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Fortress AM, Avcu P, Wagner AK, Dixon CE, Pang KCH. Experimental traumatic brain injury results in estrous cycle disruption, neurobehavioral deficits, and impaired GSK3β/β-catenin signaling in female rats. Exp Neurol 2019; 315:42-51. [PMID: 30710530 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An estimated 2.8 million traumatic brain injuries (TBI) occur within the United States each year. Approximately 40% of new TBI cases are female, however few studies have investigated the effects of TBI on female subjects. In addition to typical neurobehavioral sequelae observed after TBI, such as poor cognition, impaired behavior, and somatic symptoms, women with TBI report amenorrhea or irregular menstrual cycles suggestive of disruptions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. HPG dysfunction following TBI has been linked to poor functional outcome in men and women, but the mechanisms by which this may occur or relate to behavior has not been fully developed or ascertained. The present study determined if TBI resulted in HPG axis perturbations in young adult female Sprague Dawley rats, and whether TBI was associated with cognitive and sensorimotor deficits. Following lateral fluid percussion injury, injured females spent significantly more time in diestrus compared to sham females, consistent with a persistent low sex-steroid hormone state. Injured females displayed significantly reduced 17β-estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone levels. Concomitantly, injured females were impaired in spatial working memory compared to shams. Impaired GSK3β/β-catenin signaling related to synaptic changes was evident one-week post-injury in the hippocampus among injured females compared to sham females, and this impairment paralleled the deficits in spatial working memory. Sensorimotor function, as evidenced by suppression of the acoustic startle response, was chronically impaired even after normal estrous cycling resumed. These data demonstrate that TBI results in estrous cycle impairments, memory dysfunction, and perturbations in GSK3β/β-catenin signaling, suggesting a potential mechanism for HPG-mediated cognitive impairment following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Fortress
- NeuroBehavioral Research Laboratory, Department of Veterans Affairs, New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Mailstop 151, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA.
| | - Pelin Avcu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, 65 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Amy K Wagner
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Center for Neuroscience, 3471 Fifth Avenue Suite 202, Kaufman BuildingUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - C Edward Dixon
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Mailstop 151, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Center for Neuroscience, 3471 Fifth Avenue Suite 202, Kaufman BuildingUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Kevin C H Pang
- NeuroBehavioral Research Laboratory, Department of Veterans Affairs, New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, 65 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA.
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30
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Anthony Jalin AMA, Jin R, Wang M, Li G. EPPS treatment attenuates traumatic brain injury in mice by reducing Aβ burden and ameliorating neuronal autophagic flux. Exp Neurol 2019; 314:20-33. [PMID: 30639321 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Beta-amyloid (Aβ) burden and impaired neuronal autophagy contribute to secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulphonic acid (EPPS) treatment has been reported to reduce Aβ aggregation and rescue behavioral deficits in Alzheimer's disease-like mice. Here, we investigated neuroprotective effects of EPPS in a mouse model of TBI. Mice subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI) were treated with EPPS (120 mg/kg, orally) immediately after CCI and thereafter once daily for 3 or 7 days. We found that EPPS treatment profoundly reduced the accumulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) and Aβ over a widespread area detected in the pericontusional cortex, external capsule (EC), and hippocampal CA1 and CA3 at 3 days after TBI, accompanied by significant reduction in the TBI-induced diffuse axonal injury identified by increased immunoreactivity of SMI-32 (an indicator for axonal damage). We also found that EPPS treatment ameliorated the TBI-induced synaptic damage (as reflected by enhanced postsynaptic density 95, PSD-95), and impairment of autophagy flux in the neurons as reflected by reduced autophagy markers (LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and p62/SQSTM1) and increased lysosomal enzyme cathepsin D (CTSD) in neurons detected in the cortex and hippocampal CA1. As a result, EPPS treatment significantly reduced the TBI-induced early neuronal apoptosis (assessed by active caspase-3), and eventually prevented cortical tissue loss and hippocampal neuronal loss at 28 days after TBI. Additionally, we found that inhibition of autophagic flux with chloroquine by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion significantly reversed the decreased expressions of neuronal p62/SQSTM1 and apoptosis by EPPS treatment. These data suggest that the neuroprotection by EPPS is, at least in part, related to improved autophagy flux. Finally, we found that EPPS treatment significantly improved the cortex-dependent motor and hippocampal-dependent cognitive deficits associated with TBI. Taken together, these findings support the further investigation of EPPS as a treatment for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey 17033, USA.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey 17033, USA.
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey 17033, USA.
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31
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Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X. The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 840:50-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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Yuan J, Song J, Zhu D, Sun E, Xia L, Zhang X, Gao C, Agam G, Wang X, Blomgren K, Zhu C. Lithium Treatment Is Safe in Children With Intellectual Disability. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:425. [PMID: 30524233 PMCID: PMC6262083 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium is a widely used and effective treatment for individuals with psycho-neurological disorders, and it exhibits protective and regenerative properties in multiple brain injury animal models, but the clinical experience in young children is limited due to potential toxicity. As an interim analysis, this paper reports the safety/tolerability profiles of low-dose lithium treatment in children with intellectual disability (ID) and its possible beneficial effects. In a randomized, single-center clinical trial, 124 children with ID were given either oral lithium carbonate 6 mg/kg twice per day or the same dose of calcium carbonate as a placebo (n = 62/group) for 3 months. The safety of low-dose lithium treatment in children, and all the adverse events were monitored. The effects of low-dose lithium on cognition was evaluated by intelligence quotient (IQ), adaptive capacity was assessed by the Infant-Junior Middle School Students Social-Life Abilities Scale (IJMSSSLAS), and overall performance was evaluated according to the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale. After 3 months of lithium treatment, 13/61 children (21.3%) presented with mild side effects, including 4 (6.6%) with gastrointestinal symptoms, 4 (6.6%) with neurological symptoms, 2 (3.3%) with polyuria, and 3 (4.9%) with other symptoms—one with hyperhidrosis, one with alopecia, and one with drooling. Four children in the lithium group had elevated blood thyroid stimulating hormone, which normalized spontaneously after lithium discontinuation. Both IQ and IJMSSSAS scores increased following 3 months of lithium treatment (F = 11.03, p = 0.002 and F = 7.80, p = 0.007, respectively), but such increases were not seen in the placebo group. CGI-I scores in the lithium group were 1.25 points lower (better) than in the placebo group (F = 82.66, p < 0.001) after 3 months of treatment. In summary, lithium treatment for 3 months had only mild and reversible side effects and had positive effects on cognition and overall performance in children with ID. Clinical Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IPR-15007518.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Department of Child Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juan Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dengna Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Department of Child Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erliang Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Department of Child Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Child Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Galila Agam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Psychiatry Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mental Health Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Perinatal Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Centre for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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33
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Weng YT, Chien T, Kuan II, Chern Y. The TRAX, DISC1, and GSK3 complex in mental disorders and therapeutic interventions. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:71. [PMID: 30285728 PMCID: PMC6171312 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders (such as bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia) affect the lives of millions of individuals worldwide. Despite the tremendous efforts devoted to various types of psychiatric studies and rapidly accumulating genetic information, the molecular mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorder development remain elusive. Among the genes that have been implicated in schizophrenia and other mental disorders, disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) have been intensively investigated. DISC1 binds directly to GSK3 and modulates many cellular functions by negatively inhibiting GSK3 activity. The human DISC1 gene is located on chromosome 1 and is highly associated with schizophrenia and other mental disorders. A recent study demonstrated that a neighboring gene of DISC1, translin-associated factor X (TRAX), binds to the DISC1/GSK3β complex and at least partly mediates the actions of the DISC1/GSK3β complex. Previous studies also demonstrate that TRAX and most of its interacting proteins that have been identified so far are risk genes and/or markers of mental disorders. In the present review, we will focus on the emerging roles of TRAX and its interacting proteins (including DISC1 and GSK3β) in psychiatric disorders and the potential implications for developing therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ting Chien
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-I Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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34
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Pulido R. PTEN Inhibition in Human Disease Therapy. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020285. [PMID: 29385737 PMCID: PMC6017825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN is a major homeostatic regulator, by virtue of its lipid phosphatase activity against phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3], which downregulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR prosurvival signaling, as well as by its protein phosphatase activity towards specific protein targets. PTEN catalytic activity is crucial to control cell growth under physiologic and pathologic situations, and it impacts not only in preventing tumor cell survival and proliferation, but also in restraining several cellular regeneration processes, such as those associated with nerve injury recovery, cardiac ischemia, or wound healing. In these conditions, inhibition of PTEN catalysis is being explored as a potentially beneficial therapeutic intervention. Here, an overview of human diseases and conditions in which PTEN inhibition could be beneficial is presented, together with an update on the current status of specific small molecule inhibitors of PTEN enzymatic activity, their use in experimental models, and their limitations as research or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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35
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Wang Y, Sawyer TW, Tse YC, Fan C, Hennes G, Barnes J, Josey T, Weiss T, Nelson P, Wong TP. Primary Blast-Induced Changes in Akt and GSK 3β Phosphorylation in Rat Hippocampus. Front Neurol 2017; 8:413. [PMID: 28868045 PMCID: PMC5563325 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to blast from improvised explosive devices has been a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. However, the mechanisms of primary blast-induced TBI are not well understood. The Akt signal transduction pathway has been implicated in various brain pathologies including TBI. In the present study, the effects of simulated primary blast waves on the phosphorylation status of Akt and its downstream effector kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), in rat hippocampus, were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (350–400 g) were exposed to a single pulse shock wave (25 psi; ~7 ms duration) and sacrificed 1 day, 1 week, or 6 weeks after exposure. Total and phosphorylated Akt, as well as phosphorylation of its downstream effector kinase GSK3β (at serine 9), were detected with western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that Akt phosphorylation at both serine 473 and threonine 308 was increased 1 day after blast on the ipsilateral side of the hippocampus, and this elevation persisted until at least 6 weeks postexposure. Similarly, phosphorylation of GSK3β at serine 9, which inhibits GSK3β activity, was also increased starting at 1 day and persisted until at least 6 weeks after primary blast on the ipsilateral side. In contrast, p-Akt was increased at 1 and 6 weeks on the contralateral side, while p-GSK3β was increased 1 day and 1 week after primary blast exposure. No significant changes in total protein levels of Akt and GSK were observed on either side of the hippocampus at any time points. Immunohistochemical results showed that increased p-Akt was mainly of neuronal origin in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and once phosphorylated, the majority was translocated to the dendritic and plasma membranes. Finally, electrophysiological data showed that evoked synaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activity was significantly increased 6 weeks after primary blast, suggesting that increased Akt phosphorylation may enhance synaptic NMDA receptor activation, or that enhanced synaptic NMDA receptor activation may increase Akt phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Wang
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas W Sawyer
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Yiu Chung Tse
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Changyang Fan
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Grant Hennes
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Julia Barnes
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Tyson Josey
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Tracy Weiss
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Peggy Nelson
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Tak Pan Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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36
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Prabhakaran J, Zanderigo F, Solingapuram Sai KK, Rubin-Falcone H, Jorgensen MJ, Kaplan JR, Mintz A, Mann JJ, Dileep Kumar JS. Radiosynthesis and in Vivo Evaluation of [ 11C]A1070722, a High Affinity GSK-3 PET Tracer in Primate Brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1697-1703. [PMID: 28485573 PMCID: PMC5559324 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, pain, and cancer. A radiotracer for functional positron emission tomography (PET) imaging could be used to study the kinase in brain disorders and to facilitate the development of small molecule inhibitors of GSK-3 for treatment. At present, there is no target-specific or validated PET tracer available for the in vivo monitoring of GSK-3. We radiolabeled the small molecule inhibitor [11C]1-(7-methoxy- quinolin-4-yl)-3-(6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)urea ([11C]A1070722) with high affinity to GSK-3 (Ki = 0.6 nM) in excellent radiochemical yield. PET imaging experiments in anesthetized vervet/African green monkey exhibited that [11C]A1070722 penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and accumulated in brain regions, with highest radioactivity binding in frontal cortex followed by parietal cortex and anterior cingulate, and with the lowest bindings found in caudate, putamen, and thalamus, similarly to the known distribution of GSK-3 in human brain. Our studies suggest that [11C]A1070722 can be a potential PET radiotracer for the in vivo quantification of GSK-3 in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Prabhakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Francesca Zanderigo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Harry Rubin-Falcone
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Matthew J. Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Jay R. Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - J. S. Dileep Kumar
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
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37
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Hypothermia pretreatment improves cognitive impairment via enhancing synaptic plasticity in a traumatic brain injury model. Brain Res 2017; 1672:18-28. [PMID: 28729191 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic hypothermia attenuates cognitive deficits caused by TBI when it is administered at an early stage. However, little is known regarding the effect of hypothermia pretreatment on cognitive deficits one month after TBI. In the current study, the behavior test revealed that hypothermia pretreatment mitigates the learning and memory impairment induced by TBI in mice. Hypothermia treatment significantly increased the expression of PSD93, PSD95 and NR2B one month after TBI in the cortex and hippocampus compared with the normothermia group. Hypothermia pretreatment also restored the decreased spine number and the impairment in LTP and decreased the number of activated microglia one month after TBI. On the other hand, hypothermia pretreatment increased glucose metabolism in TBI mice. Taken together, these data suggested that hypothermia pretreatment is an effective method with which to prevent spine loss, maintain normal LTP and preserve learning and memory function after TBI. The neuroprotective role might be associated with the preservation of postsynaptic protein expression, the inhibition of activated microglia and the increase in glucose metabolism.
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38
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Joshi P, Gupta M, Vishwakarma RA, Kumar A, Bharate SB. (Z)-2-(3-Chlorobenzylidene)-3,4-dihydro-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-oxo-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxamide as GSK-3β inhibitor: Identification by virtual screening and its validation in enzyme- and cell-based assay. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 89:964-971. [PMID: 27896926 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a widely investigated molecular target for numerous diseases including Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. The present study was aimed to discover new scaffolds for GSK-3β inhibition, through protein structure-guided virtual screening approach. With the availability of large number of GSK-3β crystal structures with varying degree of RMSD in protein backbone and RMSF in side chain geometry, herein appropriate crystal structures were selected based on the characteristic ROC curve and percentage enrichment of actives. The validated docking protocol was employed to screen a library of 50,000 small molecules using molecular docking and binding affinity calculations. Based on the GLIDE docking score, Prime MMGB/SA binding affinity, and interaction pattern analysis, the top 50 ligands were selected for GSK-3β inhibition. (Z)-2-(3-chlorobenzylidene)-3,4-dihydro-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-oxo-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxamide (F389-0663, 7) was identified as a potent inhibitor of GSK-3β with an IC50 value of 1.6 μm. Further, GSK-3β inhibition activity was then investigated in cell-based assay. The treatment of neuroblastoma N2a cells with 12.5 μm of F389-0663 resulted in the significant increase in GSK-3β Ser9 levels, which is indicative of the GSK-3β inhibitory activity of a compound. The molecular dynamic simulations were carried out to understand the interactions of F389-0663 with GSK-3β protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Joshi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Mehak Gupta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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39
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Haar CV, Lam FC, Adams WA, Riparip LK, Kaur S, Muthukrishna M, Rosi S, Winstanley CA. Frontal Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats Causes Long-Lasting Impairments in Impulse Control That Are Differentially Sensitive to Pharmacotherapeutics and Associated with Chronic Neuroinflammation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1531-1542. [PMID: 27525447 PMCID: PMC9487719 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions yearly, and is increasingly associated with chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms. We assessed the long-term effects of different bilateral frontal controlled cortical impact injury severities (mild, moderate, and severe) on the five-choice serial reaction time task, a paradigm with relatively independent measurements of attention, motor impulsivity, and motivation. Moderately- and severely injured animals exhibited impairments across all cognitive domains that were still evident 14 weeks postinjury, while mild-injured animals only demonstrated persistent deficits in impulse control. However, recovery of function varied considerably between subjects such that some showed no impairment ("TBI-resilient"), some demonstrated initial deficits that recovered ("TBI-vulnerable"), and some never recovered ("chronically-impaired"). Three clinically relevant treatments for impulse-control or TBI, amphetamine, atomoxetine, and amantadine, were assessed for efficacy in treating injury-induced deficits. Susceptibility to TBI affected the response to pharmacological challenge with amphetamine. Whereas sham and TBI-resilient animals showed characteristic impairments in impulse control at higher doses, amphetamine had the opposite effect in chronically impaired rats, improving task performance. In contrast, atomoxetine and amantadine reduced premature responding but increased omissions, suggesting psychomotor slowing. Analysis of brain tissue revealed that generalized neuroinflammation was associated with impulsivity even when accounting for the degree of brain damage. This is one of the first studies to characterize psychiatric-like symptoms in experimental TBI. Our data highlight the importance of testing pharmacotherapies in TBI models in order to predict efficacy, and suggest that neuroinflammation may represent a treatment target for impulse control problems following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Vonder Haar
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Corresponding author: Cole Vonder Haar or Catharine A. Winstanley, CV: Department of Psychology, 53 Campus Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26506, Tel: 1-304-293-1787, , CAW: Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada, Tel: 1-604-822-2024,
| | - Frederick C.W. Lam
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wendy A. Adams
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lara-Kirstie Riparip
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Departments of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science and Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Susanna Rosi
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Departments of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science and Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catharine A. Winstanley
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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