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Zou M, Lei C, Huang D, Liu L, Han Y. Application of plant-derived products as adjuvants for immune activation and vaccine development. Vaccine 2024; 42:126115. [PMID: 38987109 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most important means to prevent and control the epidemic of infectious diseases. Commercial vaccines not only include corresponding antigens, but also need vaccine adjuvants. Immune adjuvants play an increasingly important role in the research, development and manufacture of vaccines. Adjuvants combined with antigens can improve the stability, safety and immune efficiency of vaccines. Some substances that can enhance the immune response have been found in nature(mainly plants) and used as adjuvants in vaccines to improve the immune effect of vaccines. These plant-derived immune adjuvants often have the advantages of low toxicity, high stability, low price, etc., providing more possibilities for vaccine development. We summarized and analyzed the advantages, application research, particulate delivery systems, existing problems and future research focus of botanical adjuvant. It is hoped to provide new ideas for the research and development of immune adjuvants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manshu Zou
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Chang Lei
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yuanshan Han
- The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province, Changsha 410007, China.
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2
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Zhao M, He C, Zheng X, Jiang M, Xie Z, Wei H, Zhang S, Lin Y, Zhang J, Sun X. Self-adjuvanting polymeric nanovaccines enhance IFN production and cytotoxic T cell response. J Control Release 2024; 369:556-572. [PMID: 38580136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines represent one of the most powerful and cost-effective innovations for controlling a wide range of infectious diseases caused by various viruses and bacteria. Unlike mRNA and DNA-based vaccines, subunit vaccines carry no risk of insertional mutagenesis and can be lyophilized for convenient transportation and long-term storage. However, existing adjuvants are often associated with toxic effect and reactogenicity, necessitating expanding the repertoire of adjuvants with better biocompatibility, for instance, designing self-adjuvating polymeric carriers. We herein report a novel subunit vaccine delivery platform constructed via in situ free radical polymerization of C7A (2-(Hexamethyleneimino) ethyl methacrylate) and acrylamide around the surface of individual protein antigens. Using ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen, we observed substantial increases in both diameter (∼70 nm) and surface potential (-1.18 mV) following encapsulation, referred to as n(OVA)C7A. C7A's ultra pH sensitivity with a transition pH around 6.9 allows for rapid protonation in acidic environments. This property facilitates crucial processes such as endosomal escape and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I-mediated antigen presentation, culminating in the substantial CD8+ T cell activation. Additionally, compared to OVA nanocapsules without the C7A components and native OVA without modifications, we observed heightened B cell activation within the germinal center, along with remarkable increases in serum antibody and cytokine production. It's important to note that mounting evidence suggests that adjuvant effects, particularly its targeted stimulation of type I interferons (IFNs), can contribute to advantageous adaptive immune responses. Beyond its exceptional potency, the nanovaccine also demonstrated robust formation of immune memory and exhibited a favorable biosafety profile. These findings collectively underscore the promising potential of our nanovaccine in the realm of immunotherapy and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chunting He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Hongjiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Tada R, Nagai Y, Ogasawara M, Saito M, Ohshima A, Yamanaka D, Kunisawa J, Adachi Y, Negishi Y. Polymeric Caffeic Acid Acts as an Antigen Delivery Carrier for Mucosal Vaccine Formulation by Forming a Complex with an Antigenic Protein. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:449. [PMID: 38793700 PMCID: PMC11126084 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of mucosal vaccines, which can generate antigen-specific immune responses in both the systemic and mucosal compartments, has been recognized as an effective strategy for combating infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes. Our recent research has focused on creating a nasal vaccine system in mice using enzymatically polymerized caffeic acid (pCA). However, we do not yet understand the molecular mechanisms by which pCA stimulates antigen-specific mucosal immune responses. In this study, we hypothesized that pCA might activate mucosal immunity at the site of administration based on our previous findings that pCA possesses immune-activating properties. However, contrary to our initial hypothesis, the intranasal administration of pCA did not enhance the expression of various genes involved in mucosal immune responses, including the enhancement of IgA responses. Therefore, we investigated whether pCA forms a complex with antigenic proteins and enhances antigen delivery to mucosal dendritic cells located in the lamina propria beneath the mucosal epithelial layer. Data from gel filtration chromatography indicated that pCA forms a complex with the antigenic protein ovalbumin (OVA). Furthermore, we examined the promotion of OVA delivery to nasal mucosal dendritic cells (mDCs) after the intranasal administration of pCA in combination with OVA and found that OVA uptake by mDCs was increased. Therefore, the data from gel filtration chromatography and flow cytometry imply that pCA enhances antigen-specific antibody production in both mucosal and systemic compartments by serving as an antigen-delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tada
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (A.O.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuzuho Nagai
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (A.O.); (Y.N.)
| | - Miki Ogasawara
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (A.O.); (Y.N.)
| | - Momoko Saito
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (A.O.); (Y.N.)
| | - Akihiro Ohshima
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (A.O.); (Y.N.)
| | - Daisuke Yamanaka
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (D.Y.); (Y.A.)
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki 567-0085, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Adachi
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (D.Y.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yoichi Negishi
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (A.O.); (Y.N.)
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4
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Wang N, Wang T. Innovative translational platforms for rapid developing clinical vaccines against COVID-19 and other infectious disease. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300658. [PMID: 38403469 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
A vaccine is a biological preparation that contains the antigen capable of stimulating the immune system to form the defense against pathogens. Vaccine development often confronts big challenges, including time/energy-consuming, low efficacy, lag to pathogen emergence and mutation, and even safety concern. However, these seem now mostly conquerable through constructing the advanced translational platforms that can make innovative vaccines, sometimes, potentiated with a distinct multifunctional VADS (vaccine adjuvant delivery system), as evidenced by the development of various vaccines against the covid-19 pandemic at warp speed. Particularly, several covid-19 vaccines, such as the viral-vectored vaccines, mRNA vaccines and DNA vaccines, regarded as the innovative ones that are rapidly made via the high technology-based translational platforms. These products have manifested powerful efficacy while showing no unacceptable safety profile in clinics, allowing them to be approved for massive vaccination at also warp speed. Now, the proprietary translational platforms integrated with the state-of-the-art biotechnologies, and even the artificial intelligence (AI), represent an efficient mode for rapid making innovative clinical vaccines against infections, thus increasingly attracting interests of vaccine research and development. Herein, the advanced translational platforms for making innovative vaccines, together with their design principles and immunostimulatory efficacies, are comprehensively elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Food and Biological engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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5
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Tada R, Ito H, Nagai Y, Sakurai Y, Yamanaka D, Ohno N, Kunisawa J, Adachi Y, Negishi Y. Addition of Mucoadhesive Agent to Enzymatically Polymerized Caffeic Acid-Based Nasal Vaccine Formulation Attenuates Antigen-Specific Antibody Responses in Mice. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:1-8. [PMID: 39171627 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2024054586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal vaccination is a promising strategy for combating infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes, as it can generate antigen-specific immune responses in both systemic and mucosal compartments. In our recent study, we developed a nasal vaccine system for Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in mice using enzymatically polymerized polyphenols such as caffeic acid. However, the efficacy of this mucosal vaccine system is approximately 70%, indicating a need for improvement. To address this issue, we hypothesized that incorporating a mucoadhesive agent that enhances mucosal absorption into a polyphenol-based mucosal vaccine system would improve vaccine efficacy. Contrary to our expectations, we found that adding a mucoadhesive agent, hydrophobically modified hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, to the vaccine system reduced the stimulation of antigen-specific antibody responses in both the mucosal (more than 90% reduction; P < 0.05) and systemic compartments (more than 80% reduction; P < 0.05). Although the addition of the mucoadhesive agent may have interfered with the interaction between the mucosal epithelium and the vaccine system, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, and further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tada
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Hiroki Ito
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuzuho Nagai
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakurai
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamanaka
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products School of Pharmacy Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Adachi
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoichi Negishi
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Yoshino N, Yokoyama T, Sakai H, Sugiyama I, Odagiri T, Kimura M, Hojo W, Saino T, Muraki Y. Suitability of Polymyxin B as a Mucosal Adjuvant for Intranasal Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1727. [PMID: 38006059 PMCID: PMC10675063 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymyxin B (PMB) is an antibiotic that exhibits mucosal adjuvanticity for ovalbumin (OVA), which enhances the immune response in the mucosal compartments of mice. Frequent breakthrough infections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants indicate that the IgA antibody levels elicited by the mRNA vaccines in the mucosal tissues were insufficient for the prophylaxis of this infection. It remains unknown whether PMB exhibits mucosal adjuvanticity for antigens other than OVA. This study investigated the adjuvanticity of PMB for the virus proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A virus, and the S1 subunit and S protein of SARS-CoV-2. BALB/c mice immunized either intranasally or subcutaneously with these antigens alone or in combination with PMB were examined, and the antigen-specific antibodies were quantified. PMB substantially increased the production of antigen-specific IgA antibodies in mucosal secretions and IgG antibodies in plasma, indicating its adjuvanticity for both HA and S proteins. This study also revealed that the PMB-virus antigen complex diameter is crucial for the induction of mucosal immunity. No detrimental effects were observed on the nasal mucosa or olfactory bulb. These findings highlight the potential of PMB as a safe candidate for intranasal vaccination to induce mucosal IgA antibodies for prophylaxis against mucosally transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yoshino
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takuya Yokoyama
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hironori Sakai
- R&D, Cellspect Co., Ltd., 2-4-23 Kitaiioka, Morioka 020-0857, Iwate, Japan
| | - Ikumi Sugiyama
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takashi Odagiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Wataru Hojo
- R&D, Cellspect Co., Ltd., 2-4-23 Kitaiioka, Morioka 020-0857, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saino
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yasushi Muraki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
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Tada R, Yamazaki H, Nagai Y, Takeda Y, Ohshima A, Kunisawa J, Negishi Y. Intranasal administration of sodium nitroprusside augments antigen-specific mucosal and systemic antibody production in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110262. [PMID: 37150015 PMCID: PMC10161703 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019, i.e., the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a highly virulent and transmissible pathogen, has profoundly impacted global society. One approach to combat infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes is using mucosal vaccines, which can induce antigen-specific immune responses at both the mucosal and systemic sites. Despite its potential, the clinical implementation of mucosal vaccination is hampered by the lack of safe and effective mucosal adjuvants. Therefore, developing safe and effective mucosal adjuvants is essential for the fight against infectious diseases and the widespread clinical use of mucosal vaccines. In this study, we demonstrated the potent mucosal adjuvant effects of intranasal administration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a known nitric oxide (NO) donor, in mice. The results showed that intranasal administration of ovalbumin (OVA) in combination with SNP induced the production of OVA-specific immunoglobulin A in the mucosa and increased serum immunoglobulin G1 levels, indicating a T helper-2 (Th2)-type immune response. However, an analog of SNP, sodium ferrocyanide, which does not generate NO, failed to show any adjuvant effects, suggesting the critical role of NO generation in activating an immune response. In addition, SNPs facilitated the delivery of antigens to the lamina propria, where antigen-presenting cells are located, when co-administered with antigens, and also transiently elicited the expression of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 in nasal tissue. These result suggest that SNP is a dual-functional formulation with antigen delivery capabilities to the lamina propria and the capacity to activate innate immunity. In summary, these results demonstrate the ability of SNP to induce immune responses via an antigen-specific Th2-type response, making it a promising candidate for further development as a mucosal vaccine formulation against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tada
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Haruka Yamazaki
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuzuho Nagai
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yukino Takeda
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohshima
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoichi Negishi
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Yi EJ, Kim YI, Song JH, Ko HJ, Chang SY. Intranasal immunization with curdlan induce Th17 responses and enhance protection against enterovirus 71. Vaccine 2023; 41:2243-2252. [PMID: 36863926 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are in contact with the external environment and protect the body from infection by various microbes. To prevent infectious diseases at the first line of defense, the establishment of pathogen-specific mucosal immunity by mucosal vaccine delivery is needed. Curdlan, a 1,3-β-glucan has a strong immunostimulatory effect when delivered as a vaccine adjuvant. Here, we investigated whether intranasal administration of curdlan and antigen (Ag) could induce sufficient mucosal immune responses and protect against viral infections. Intranasal co-administration of curdlan and OVA increased OVA-specific IgG and IgA Abs in both serum and mucosal secretions. In addition, intranasal co-administration of curdlan and OVA induced the differentiation of OVA-specific Th1/Th17 cells in the draining lymph nodes. To investigate the protective immunity of curdlan against viral infection, intranasal co-administration of curdlan with recombinant VP1 of EV71 C4a was administered and showed enhanced protection against enterovirus 71 in a passive serum transfer model using neonatal hSCARB2 mice, although intranasal administration of VP1 plus curdlan increased VP1-specific helper T cells responses but not mucosal IgA. Next, Mongolian gerbils were intranasally immunized with curdlan plus VP1, and they had effective protection against EV71 C4a infection, while decreasing viral infection and tissue damage by inducing Th17 responses. These results indicated that intranasal curdlan with Ag improved Ag-specific protective immunity by enhancing mucosal IgA and Th17 against viral infection. Our results suggest that curdlan is an advantageous candidate as a mucosal adjuvant and delivery vehicle for the development of mucosal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Je Yi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Kim
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; AI-Superconvergence KIURI Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyoung Song
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Chang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Verma SK, Mahajan P, Singh NK, Gupta A, Aggarwal R, Rappuoli R, Johri AK. New-age vaccine adjuvants, their development, and future perspective. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1043109. [PMID: 36911719 PMCID: PMC9998920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1043109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present scenario, immunization is of utmost importance as it keeps us safe and protects us from infectious agents. Despite the great success in the field of vaccinology, there is a need to not only develop safe and ideal vaccines to fight deadly infections but also improve the quality of existing vaccines in terms of partial or inconsistent protection. Generally, subunit vaccines are known to be safe in nature, but they are mostly found to be incapable of generating the optimum immune response. Hence, there is a great possibility of improving the potential of a vaccine in formulation with novel adjuvants, which can effectively impart superior immunity. The vaccine(s) in formulation with novel adjuvants may also be helpful in fighting pathogens of high antigenic diversity. However, due to the limitations of safety and toxicity, very few human-compatible adjuvants have been approved. In this review, we mainly focus on the need for new and improved vaccines; the definition of and the need for adjuvants; the characteristics and mechanisms of human-compatible adjuvants; the current status of vaccine adjuvants, mucosal vaccine adjuvants, and adjuvants in clinical development; and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pooja Mahajan
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhlesh K. Singh
- Integrative Biosciences Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ankit Gupta
- Microbiology Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - Rupesh Aggarwal
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Atul Kumar Johri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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10
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Nakahashi-Ouchida R, Fujihashi K, Kurashima Y, Yuki Y, Kiyono H. Nasal vaccines: solutions for respiratory infectious diseases. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:124-140. [PMID: 36435633 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nasal vaccines induce pathogen-specific dual protective immunity at mucosal surfaces and systemically throughout the body. Consequently, nasal vaccines both prevent pathogen invasion and reduce disease severity. Because of these features, nasal vaccines are considered to be a next-generation tool for preventing respiratory infectious diseases, including COVID-19. However, nasal vaccines must overcome key safety concerns given the anatomic proximity of the central nervous system (CNS) via the olfactory bulbs which lie next to the nasal cavity. This review summarizes current efforts to develop safe and effective nasal vaccines and delivery systems, as well as their clinical applications for the prevention of respiratory infections. We also discuss various concerns regarding the safety of nasal vaccines and introduce a system for evaluating them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Nakahashi-Ouchida
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Future Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development Synergy Institute, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Fujihashi
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Future Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development Synergy Institute, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Division of Mucosal Vaccines, International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yosuke Kurashima
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Future Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development Synergy Institute, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Division of Mucosal Vaccines, International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Chiba University-University of California San Diego (CU-UCSD) Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (cMAV), Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; HanaVax Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Future Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development Synergy Institute, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Chiba University-University of California San Diego (CU-UCSD) Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (cMAV), Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Future Medicine Education and Research Organization, Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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11
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Portilho AI, Santos JS, Trzewikoswki de Lima G, Lima GG, De Gaspari E. Study of avidity-ELISA: Comparison of chaotropic agents, incubation temperature and affinity maturation after meningococcal immunization. J Immunol Methods 2023; 512:113387. [PMID: 36442652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The avidity index (AI) measures the binding strength between the antibody and the antigen, reflecting the affinity maturation. It can be measured by a modified ELISA, adding a chaotropic agent to disrupt the antigen x antibody interaction. However, details of the protocols used affect the final results. We compared the AI of mice sera after a three-dose immunization with meningococcal antigens using different adjuvants. The AI was assessed using potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and urea as chaotropic agents, incubated at 4 °C, room temperature (RT) and 37 °C. KSCN presented statistically different results when the incubation was set at 4 °C vs RT and 4 °C vs 37 °C, thus, the mean AI obtained were lower. For Urea, 4 °C vs 37 °C presented relevant differences. Using whole-cells suspensions or OMVs as coating antigen provided similar results in some protocols. Thus, the affinity maturation was assessed after each immunization dose and adjuvant use (aluminium hydroxide and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide) supported affinity maturation. It is important to study the AI as a functional parameter of humoral response, and both KSCN and Urea are suitable chaotropic agents, however, the protocols should be standardized considering the nature of the antigen, the chaotropic activity and overall laboratory conditions. Adjuvants are important tools to improve antibody avidity following immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Izeli Portilho
- Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Gabriela Trzewikoswki de Lima
- Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Gimenes Lima
- Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elizabeth De Gaspari
- Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Deimel LP, Liu X, Gilbert-Jaramillo J, Liu S, James WS, Sattentau QJ. Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 spike-based immunisation adjuvanted with polyethyleneimine elicits mucosal and systemic humoral responses in mice. J Immunol Methods 2022; 511:113380. [PMID: 36306825 PMCID: PMC9597555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues despite the presence of effective vaccines, and novel vaccine approaches may help to reduce viral spread and associated COVID-19 disease. Current vaccine administration modalities are based on systemic needle-administered immunisation which may be suboptimal for mucosal pathogens. Here we demonstrate in a mouse model that small-volume intranasal administration of purified spike (S) protein in the adjuvant polyethylenemine (PEI) elicits robust antibody responses with modest systemic neutralisation activity. Further, we test a heterologous intranasal immunisation regimen, priming with S and boosting with RBD-Fc. Our data identify small volume PEI adjuvantation as a novel platform with potential for protective mucosal vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan P Deimel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; The Department of Chemistry, The University of Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Xin Liu
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo
- James and Lillian Martin Centre, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Sai Liu
- James and Lillian Martin Centre, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - William S James
- James and Lillian Martin Centre, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Quentin J Sattentau
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
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13
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Dhama K, Dhawan M, Tiwari R, Emran TB, Mitra S, Rabaan AA, Alhumaid S, Alawi ZA, Al Mutair A. COVID-19 intranasal vaccines: current progress, advantages, prospects, and challenges. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2045853. [PMID: 35258416 PMCID: PMC8935456 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2045853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple vaccines have recently been developed, and almost all the countries are presently vaccinating their population to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the COVID-19 vaccines in use are administered via intramuscular (IM) injection, eliciting protective humor and cellular immunity. COVID-19 intranasal (IN) vaccines are also being developed that have shown promising ability to induce a significant amount of antibody-mediated immune response and a robust cell-mediated immunity as well as hold the added ability to stimulate protective mucosal immunity along with the additional advantage of the ease of administration as compared to IM injected vaccines. By inducing secretory IgA antibody responses specifically in the nasal compartment, the intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine can prevent virus infection, replication, shedding, and disease development, as well as possibly limits virus transmission. This article highlights the current progress, advantages, prospects, and challenges in developing intranasal COVID-19 vaccines for countering the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester, UK
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Al Alawi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, Australia
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14
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Liu ZH, Deng ZF, Lu Y, Fang WH, He F. A modular and self-adjuvanted multivalent vaccine platform based on porcine circovirus virus-like nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:493. [PMID: 36424615 PMCID: PMC9685936 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virus-like particles (VLPs) are supramolecular structures composed of multiple protein subunits and resemble natural virus particles in structure and size, making them highly immunogenic materials for the development of next-generation subunit vaccines. The orderly and repetitive display of antigenic epitopes on particle surface allows efficient recognition and cross-link by B cell receptors (BCRs), thereby inducing higher levels of neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses than regular subunit vaccines. Here, we present a novel multiple antigen delivery system using SpyCatcher/Spytag strategy and self-assembled VLPs formed by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Cap, a widely used swine vaccine in solo. RESULTS Cap-SC, recombinant Cap with a truncated SpyCatcher polypeptide at its C-terminal, self-assembled into 26-nm VLPs. Based on isopeptide bonds formed between SpyCatcher and SpyTag, classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2, the antigen of interest, was linked to SpyTag and readily surface-displayed on SpyCatcher decorated Cap-SC via in vitro covalent conjugation. E2-conjugated Cap VLPs (Cap-E2 NPs) could be preferentially captured by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and effectively stimulate APC maturation and cytokine production. In vivo studies confirmed that Cap-E2 NPs elicited an enhanced E2 specific IgG response, which was significantly higher than soluble E2, or the admixture of Cap VLPs and E2. Moreover, E2 displayed on the surface did not mask the immunodominant epitopes of Cap-SC VLPs, and Cap-E2 NPs induced Cap-specific antibody levels and neutralizing antibody levels comparable to native Cap VLPs. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that this modularly assembled Cap-E2 NPs retains the immune potential of Cap VLP backbone, while the surface-displayed antigen significantly elevated E2-induced immune potency. This immune strategy provides distinctly improved efficacy than conventional vaccine combination. It can be further applied to the development of dual or multiple nanoparticle vaccines to prevent co-infection of PCV2 and other swine pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hui Liu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Fan Deng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Huan Fang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang He
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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15
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Harnessing Nasal Immunity with IgA to Prevent Respiratory Infections. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The nasal cavity is a primary checkpoint for the invasion of respiratory pathogens. Numerous pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, etc., can adhere/colonize nasal lining to trigger an infection. Secretory IgA (sIgA) serves as the first line of immune defense against foreign pathogens. sIgA facilitates clearance of pathogenic microbes by intercepting their access to epithelial receptors and mucus entrapment through immune exclusion. Elevated levels of neutralizing IgA at the mucosal surfaces are associated with a high level of protection following intranasal immunizations. This review summarizes recent advances in intranasal vaccination technology and challenges in maintaining nominal IgA levels at the mucosal surface. Overall, the review emphasizes the significance of IgA-mediated nasal immunity, which holds a tremendous potential to mount protection against respiratory pathogens.
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16
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Recent progress in application of nanovaccines for enhancing mucosal immune responses. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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17
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Tada R, Honjo E, Muto S, Takayama N, Kiyono H, Kunisawa J, Negishi Y. Role of Interleukin-6 in the Antigen-Specific Mucosal Immunoglobulin A Responses Induced by CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide-Loaded Cationic Liposomes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060635. [PMID: 35736342 PMCID: PMC9228571 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An advantage of mucosal vaccines over conventional parenteral vaccines is that they can induce protective immune responses not only at mucosal surfaces but also in systemic compartments. Despite this advantage, few live attenuated or inactivated mucosal vaccines have been developed and applied clinically. We recently showed that the intranasal immunization of ovalbumin (OVA) with class B synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing immunostimulatory CpG motif (CpG ODN)-loaded cationic liposomes synergistically exerted both antigen-specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and systemic immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in mice. However, the mechanism underlying the mucosal adjuvant activity of CpG ODN-loaded liposomes remains unknown. In the present study, we showed that the intranasal administration of CpG ODN-loaded cationic liposomes elicited interleukin (IL)-6 release in nasal tissues. Additionally, pre-treatment with an anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody attenuated antigen-specific nasal IgA production but not serum IgG responses. Furthermore, the intranasal administration of OVA and CpG ODN-loaded cationic liposomes increased the number of IgA+/CD138+ plasma cells and IgA+/B220+ B cells in the nasal passages. This increase was markedly suppressed by pre-treatment with anti-IL-6R blocking antibody. In conclusion, IL-6 released by CpG ODN-loaded cationic liposomes at the site of administration may play a role in the induction of antigen-specific IgA responses by promoting differentiation into IgA+ plasma cells for IgA secretion from B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tada
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (E.H.); (S.M.); nori-k0123_suns-@hotmail.co.jp (N.T.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-676-3219
| | - Emi Honjo
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (E.H.); (S.M.); nori-k0123_suns-@hotmail.co.jp (N.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Shoko Muto
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (E.H.); (S.M.); nori-k0123_suns-@hotmail.co.jp (N.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Noriko Takayama
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (E.H.); (S.M.); nori-k0123_suns-@hotmail.co.jp (N.T.); (Y.N.)
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (H.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (H.K.); (J.K.)
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yoichi Negishi
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (E.H.); (S.M.); nori-k0123_suns-@hotmail.co.jp (N.T.); (Y.N.)
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18
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Li F, Li B, Niu X, Chen W, Li Y, Wu K, Li X, Ding H, Zhao M, Chen J, Yi L. The Development of Classical Swine Fever Marker Vaccines in Recent Years. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040603. [PMID: 35455351 PMCID: PMC9026404 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a severe disease that has caused serious economic losses for the global pig industry and is widely prevalent worldwide. In recent decades, CSF has been effectively controlled through compulsory vaccination with a live CSF vaccine (C strain). It has been successfully eradicated in some countries or regions. However, the re-emergence of CSF in Japan and Romania, where it had been eradicated, has brought increased attention to the disease. Because the traditional C-strain vaccine cannot distinguish between vaccinated and infected animals (DIVA), this makes it difficult to fight CSF. The emergence of marker vaccines is considered to be an effective strategy for the decontamination of CSF. This paper summarizes the progress of the new CSF marker vaccine and provides a detailed overview of the vaccine design ideas and immunization effects. It also provides a methodology for the development of a new generation of vaccines for CSF and vaccine development for other significant epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bingke Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinni Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenxian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuwan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-8017 (J.C.); +86-20-8528-8017 (L.Y.)
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (X.N.); (W.C.); (Y.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (M.Z.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-8017 (J.C.); +86-20-8528-8017 (L.Y.)
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19
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Smatti MK, Alkhatib HA, Al Thani AA, Yassine HM. Will Host Genetics Affect the Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines? Historical Precedents. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:802312. [PMID: 35360730 PMCID: PMC8962369 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.802312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in genomics and bioinformatics technologies have allowed for the emergence of immunogenomics field. This intersection of immunology and genetics has broadened our understanding of how the immune system responds to infection and vaccination. While the immunogenetic basis of the huge clinical variability in response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is currently being extensively studied, the host genetic determinants of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines remain largely unknown. Previous reports evidenced that vaccines may not protect all populations or individuals equally, due to multiple host- and vaccine-specific factors. Several studies on vaccine response to measles, rubella, hepatitis B, smallpox, and influenza highlighted the contribution of genetic mutations or polymorphisms in modulating the innate and adaptive immunity following vaccination. Specifically, genetic variants in genes encoding virus receptors, antigen presentation, cytokine production, or related to immune cells activation and differentiation could influence how an individual responds to vaccination. Although such knowledge could be utilized to generate personalized vaccine strategies to optimize the vaccine response, studies in this filed are still scarce. Here, we briefly summarize the scientific literature related to the immunogenetic determinants of vaccine-induced immunity, highlighting the possible role of host genetics in response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K. Smatti
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Hadi M. Yassine
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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20
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Pereira M, Oh JK, Kang DK, Engstrand L, Valeriano VD. Hacking Commensal Bacteria to Consolidate the Adaptive Mucosal Immune Response in the Gut-Lung Axis: Future Possibilities for SARS-CoV-2 Protection. BIOTECH 2022; 11:3. [PMID: 35822811 PMCID: PMC9245903 DOI: 10.3390/biotech11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by mucosal pathogens significantly increase mortality and morbidity. Thus, the possibility to target these pathogens at their primary entry points can consolidate protective immunity. Regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, it has been observed that the upper respiratory mucosa is highly affected and that dysregulation of resident microbiota in the gut-lung axis plays a crucial role in determining symptom severity. Thus, understanding the possibility of eliciting various mucosal and adaptive immune responses allows us to effectively design bacterial mucosal vaccine vectors. Such design requires rationally selecting resident bacterial candidates as potential host carriers, evaluating effective carrier proteins for stimulating an immune response, and combining these two to improve antigenic display and immunogenicity. This review investigated mucosal vaccine vectors from 2015 to present, where a few have started to utilize Salmonella and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to display SARS-CoV-2 Spike S proteins or fragments. Although current literature is still lacking for its studies beyond in vitro or in vivo efficiency, decades of research into these vectors show promising results. Here, we discuss the mucosal immune systems focusing on the gut-lung axis microbiome and offer new insight into the potential use of alpha streptococci in the upper respiratory tract as a vaccine carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Pereira
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.P.); (J.K.O.); (L.E.)
| | - Ju Kyoung Oh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.P.); (J.K.O.); (L.E.)
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.P.); (J.K.O.); (L.E.)
| | - Valerie Diane Valeriano
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.P.); (J.K.O.); (L.E.)
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21
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Berzosa M, Pastor Y, Gamazo C, Irache JM. Development of a Bacterial Nanoparticle Vaccine Against Escherichia coli. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2410:357-365. [PMID: 34914057 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1884-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Currently, different subunit-based vaccine strategies against enterobacteria are being investigated. Among those, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are promising candidates because of their immunogenic properties and safety. In order to develop an effective vaccine against this kind of pathogens, it is important to induce both systemic and mucosal immunity. For that reason, the oral route of administration would be an adequate option; although it still represents a challenge due to the particular and harsh conditions of the gut. To overcome these inconveniences, different strategies have been proposed, including the use of polymeric nanoparticles based on the copolymer between methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (Gantrez AN). In the present work, a simple procedure for the preparation of heat-induced OMV (named as HT) obtained from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) loaded into these poly(anhydride) nanoparticles is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melibea Berzosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yadira Pastor
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Gamazo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Technology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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22
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Anggraeni R, Ana ID, Wihadmadyatami H. Development of mucosal vaccine delivery: an overview on the mucosal vaccines and their adjuvants. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2022; 11:235-248. [DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2022.11.3.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rahmi Anggraeni
- PT Swayasa Prakarsa, Universitas Gadjah Mada Science Techno Campus, Division of Drugs, Medical Devices, and Functional Food, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ika Dewi Ana
- Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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23
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Role of Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern/Cell Death Pathways in Vaccine-Induced Immunity. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122340. [PMID: 34960608 PMCID: PMC8708515 DOI: 10.3390/v13122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune responses induced by natural infection and vaccination are known to be initiated by the recognition of microbial patterns by cognate receptors, since microbes and most vaccine components contain pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Recent discoveries on the roles of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and cell death in immunogenicity have improved our understanding of the mechanism underlying vaccine-induced immunity. DAMPs are usually immunologically inert, but can transform into alarming signals to activate the resting immune system in response to pathogenic infection, cellular stress and death, or tissue damage. The activation of DAMPs and cell death pathways can trigger local inflammation, occasionally mediating adaptive immunity, including antibody- and cell-mediated immune responses. Emerging evidence indicates that the components of vaccines and adjuvants induce immunogenicity via the stimulation of DAMP/cell death pathways. Furthermore, strategies for targeting this pathway to enhance immunogenicity are being investigated actively. In this review, we describe various DAMPs and focus on the roles of DAMP/cell death pathways in the context of vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer.
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24
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Zhang W, Hwang J, Yadav D, An EK, Kwak M, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Enhancement of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Anti-Cancer Immunity by Intranasal Treatment of Ecklonia cava Fucoidan against Metastatic Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9125. [PMID: 34502035 PMCID: PMC8431244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fucoidan, a well-studied seaweed-extracted polysaccharide, has shown immune stimulatory effects that elicit anticancer immunity, mucosal adjuvant effects via intranasal administration have not been studied. In this study, the effect of Ecklonia cava-extracted fucoidan (ECF) on the induction of anti-cancer immunity in the lung was examined by intranasal administration. In C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, intranasal administration of ECF promoted the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T cells in the mediastinal lymph node (mLN). The ECF-induced NK and T cell activation was mediated by DCs. In addition, intranasal injection with ECF enhanced the anti-PD-L1 antibody-mediated anti-cancer activities against B16 melanoma and CT-26 carcinoma tumor growth in the lungs, which were required cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells. Thus, these data demonstrated that ECF functioned as a mucosal adjuvant that enhanced the immunotherapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors against metastatic lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (W.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (W.Z.); (J.H.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (D.Y.); (E.-K.A.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (D.Y.); (E.-K.A.)
| | - Eun-Koung An
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (D.Y.); (E.-K.A.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- ASAN Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (W.Z.); (J.H.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (D.Y.); (E.-K.A.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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25
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Liu ZH, Xu HL, Han GW, Tao LN, Lu Y, Zheng SY, Fang WH, He F. A self-assembling nanoparticle: Implications for the development of thermostable vaccine candidates. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2162-2173. [PMID: 34102236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Effective controls on viral infections rely on the continuous development in vaccine technology. Nanoparticle (NP) antigens are highly immunogenic based on their unique physicochemical properties, making them molecular scaffolds to present soluble vaccine antigens. Here, viral targets (113-354 aas) were genetically fused to N terminal of mi3, a protein that self-assembles into nanoparticles composed of 60 subunits. With transmission electron microscopy, it was confirmed that target-mi3 fusion proteins which have insertions of up to 354 aas in N terminal form intact NPs. Moreover, viral targets are surface-displayed on NPs as indicated in dynamic light scattering. NPs exhibit perfect stability after long-term storage at room temperature. Moreover, SP-E2-mi3 NPs enhance antigen uptake and maturation in dendritic cells (DCs) via up-regulating marker molecules and immunostimulatory cytokines. Importantly, in a mouse model, SP-E2-mi3 nanovaccines against Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) remarkably improved CSFV-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and cellular immunity related cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4) as compared to monomeric E2. Specially, improved NAb response with more than tenfold increase in NAb titer against both CSFV Shimen and HZ-08 strains indicated better cross-protection against different genotypes. Collectively, this structure-based, self-assembling NP provides an attractive platform to improve the potency of subunit vaccine for emerging pathogens.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Classical Swine Fever/blood
- Classical Swine Fever/immunology
- Classical Swine Fever/prevention & control
- Classical Swine Fever/virology
- Classical Swine Fever Virus/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Stability
- Female
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nanoparticles
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Swine
- Temperature
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/pharmacology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/pharmacology
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/pharmacology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hui Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hui-Ling Xu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Guang-Wei Han
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Li-Na Tao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Su-Ya Zheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Wei-Huan Fang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Fang He
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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26
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Siriwattananon K, Manopwisedjaroen S, Shanmugaraj B, Prompetchara E, Ketloy C, Buranapraditkun S, Tharakhet K, Kaewpang P, Ruxrungtham K, Thitithanyanont A, Phoolcharoen W. Immunogenicity Studies of Plant-Produced SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain-Based Subunit Vaccine Candidate with Different Adjuvant Formulations. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:744. [PMID: 34358160 PMCID: PMC8310282 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapid transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causing serious public health problems and economic burden, the development of effective vaccines is a high priority for controlling the virus spread. Our group has previously demonstrated that the plant-produced receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 fused with Fc of human IgG was capable of eliciting potent neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in animal studies, and the immunogenicity could be improved by the addition of an alum adjuvant. Here, we performed a head-to-head comparison of different commercially available adjuvants, including aluminum hydroxide gel (alum), AddaVax (MF59), monophosphoryl lipid A from Salmonella minnesota R595 (mPLA-SM), and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), in mice by combining them with plant-produced RBD-Fc, and the differences in the immunogenicity of RBD-Fc with different adjuvants were evaluated. The specific antibody responses in terms of total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a subtypes and neutralizing antibodies, as well as vaccine-specific T-lymphocyte responses, induced by the different tested adjuvants were compared. We observed that all adjuvants tested here induced a high level of total IgG and neutralizing antibodies, but mPLA-SM and poly (I:C) showed the induction of a balanced IgG1 and IgG2a (Th2/Th1) immune response. Further, poly (I:C) significantly increased the frequency of IFN-γ-expressing cells compared with control, whereas no significant difference was observed between the adjuvanted groups. This data revealed the adjuvants' role in enhancing the immune response of RBD-Fc vaccination and the immune profiles elicited by different adjuvants, which could prove helpful for the rational development of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Fc subunit vaccines. However, additional research is essential to further investigate the efficacy and safety of this vaccine formulation before clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konlavat Siriwattananon
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Manopwisedjaroen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Eakachai Prompetchara
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (E.P.); (C.K.); (S.B.); (K.T.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chutitorn Ketloy
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (E.P.); (C.K.); (S.B.); (K.T.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supranee Buranapraditkun
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (E.P.); (C.K.); (S.B.); (K.T.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kittipan Tharakhet
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (E.P.); (C.K.); (S.B.); (K.T.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
| | - Papatsara Kaewpang
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (E.P.); (C.K.); (S.B.); (K.T.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
| | - Kiat Ruxrungtham
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (E.P.); (C.K.); (S.B.); (K.T.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Arunee Thitithanyanont
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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27
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Bakkari MA, Valiveti CK, Kaushik RS, Tummala H. Toll-like Receptor-4 (TLR4) Agonist-Based Intranasal Nanovaccine Delivery System for Inducing Systemic and Mucosal Immunity. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2233-2241. [PMID: 34010002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eliciting a robust immune response at mucosal sites is critical in preventing the entry of mucosal pathogens such as influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This task is challenging to achieve without the inclusion of a strong and safe mucosal adjuvant. Previously, inulin acetate (InAc), a plant-based polymer, is shown to activate toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and elicit a robust systemic immune response as a vaccine adjuvant. This study investigates the potential of nanoparticles prepared with InAc (InAc-NPs) as an intranasal vaccine delivery system to generate both mucosal and systemic immune responses. InAc-NPs (∼250 nm in diameter) activated wild-type (WT) macrophages but failed to activate macrophages from TLR4 knockout mice or WT macrophages when pretreated with a TLR4 antagonist (lipopolysaccharide-RS (LPS-RS)), which indicates the selective nature of a InAc-based nanodelivery system as a TLR4 agonist. Intranasal immunization using antigen-loaded InAc-NPs generated ∼65-fold and 19-fold higher serum IgG1 and IgG2a titers against the antigen, respectively, as compared to PLGA-NPs as a delivery system. InAc-NPs have also stimulated the secretion of sIgA at various mucosal sites, including nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs), lungs, and intestine, and produced a strong memory response indicative of both humoral and cellular immune activation. Overall, by stimulating both systemic and mucosal immunity, InAc-NPs laid a basis for a potential intranasal delivery system for mucosal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Bakkari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States.,College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chaitanya K Valiveti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Radhey S Kaushik
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota57007, United States
| | - Hemachand Tummala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
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28
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Yoshino N, Kawamura H, Sugiyama I, Sasaki Y, Odagiri T, Sadzuka Y, Muraki Y. A systematic assessment of the relationship between synthetic surfactants and mucosal adjuvanticity. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 165:113-126. [PMID: 34004335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal immunization with surfactants as vaccine adjuvants enhances protective immunity against invasive mucosal pathogens. However, the effects of surfactants and their adjuvanticity on mucosal immune responses remain unclear. Comparison of the mucosal adjuvanticity of 20 water-soluble surfactants from the four classes based upon the polarity composition of the hydrophilic headgroup revealed that the order of mucosal adjuvanticity was as follows: amphoteric > nonionic > cationic > anionic. Within the same class, each surfactant displayed different adjuvanticity values. Analysis of the diameter and ζ-potential of amphoteric surfactant-OVA complexes and their surface physicochemical properties revealed that the diameter was approximately 100 nm, which is considered suitable for immune induction, and that the ζ-potential of the anionic surfactant-OVA complexes was exceedingly negative. The increase in the number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic tailgroups of the amphoteric surfactant resulted in an increase in the OVA-specific Ab titers. Our findings demonstrate that amphoteric surfactants exhibit potent mucosal adjuvanticity and highlight the importance of the number of carbon atoms in the tailgroups and the diameter and ζ-potential of the complexes when designing mucosal adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yoshino
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan.
| | - Hanae Kawamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Ikumi Sugiyama
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sasaki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Takashi Odagiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sadzuka
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yasushi Muraki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
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29
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Maes D, Boyen F, Devriendt B, Kuhnert P, Summerfield A, Haesebrouck F. Perspectives for improvement of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines in pigs. Vet Res 2021; 52:67. [PMID: 33964969 PMCID: PMC8106180 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is one of the primary agents involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex, economically one of the most important diseases in pigs worldwide. The pathogen adheres to the ciliated epithelium of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, causes damage to the mucosal clearance system, modulates the immune system and renders the animal more susceptible to other respiratory infections. The pathogenesis is very complex and not yet fully understood. Cell-mediated and likely also mucosal humoral responses are considered important for protection, although infected animals are not able to rapidly clear the pathogen from the respiratory tract. Vaccination is frequently practiced worldwide to control M. hyopneumoniae infections and the associated performance losses, animal welfare issues, and treatment costs. Commercial vaccines are mostly bacterins that are administered intramuscularly. However, the commercial vaccines provide only partial protection, they do not prevent infection and have a limited effect on transmission. Therefore, there is a need for novel vaccines that confer a better protection. The present paper gives a short overview of the pathogenesis and immune responses following M. hyopneumoniae infection, outlines the major limitations of the commercial vaccines and reviews the different experimental M. hyopneumoniae vaccines that have been developed and tested in mice and pigs. Most experimental subunit, DNA and vector vaccines are based on the P97 adhesin or other factors that are important for pathogen survival and pathogenesis. Other studies focused on bacterins combined with novel adjuvants. Very few efforts have been directed towards the development of attenuated vaccines, although such vaccines may have great potential. As cell-mediated and likely also humoral mucosal responses are important for protection, new vaccines should aim to target these arms of the immune response. The selection of proper antigens, administration route and type of adjuvant and carrier molecule is essential for success. Also practical aspects, such as cost of the vaccine, ease of production, transport and administration, and possible combination with vaccines against other porcine pathogens, are important. Possible avenues for further research to develop better vaccines and to achieve a more sustainable control of M. hyopneumoniae infections are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominiek Maes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Filip Boyen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Artur Summerfield
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Sensemattstrasse 293, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Belizário J. Immunity, virus evolution, and effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Braz J Med Biol Res 2021; 54:e10725. [PMID: 33729394 PMCID: PMC7959154 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x202010725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic and pathogenesis studies of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs) strains have highlighted some specific mutations that could confer the RNA genome fitness advantages and immunological resistance for their rapid spread in the human population. The analyses of 30 kb RNA SARS-CoVs genome sequences, protein structures, and functions have provided us a perspective of how host-virus protein-protein complexes act to mediate virus infection. The open reading frame (ORF)1a and ORF1b translation yields 16 non-structural (nsp1-16) and 6 accessory proteins (p6, p7a, p8ab, p9b) with multiple functional domains. Viral proteins recruit over 300 host partners forming hetero-oligomeric complexes enabling the viral RNA synthesis, packing, and virion release. Many cellular host factors and the innate immune cells through pattern-recognition receptors and intracellular RNA sensor molecules act to inhibit virus entry and intracellular replication. However, non-structural ORF proteins hijack them and suppress interferon synthesis and its antiviral effects. Pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines storm leads to dysfunctional inflammation, lung injury, and several clinical symptoms in patients. During the global pandemic, COVID-19 patients were identified with non-synonymous substitution of G614D in the spike protein, indicating virus co-evolution in host cells. We review findings that suggest that host RNA editing and DNA repair systems, while carrying on recombination, mutation, and repair of viral RNA intermediates, may facilitate virus evolution. Understanding how the host cell RNA replication process may be driven by SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome fitness will help the testing of vaccines effectiveness to multiple independent mutated coronavirus strains that will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.E. Belizário
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Razim A, Pyclik M, Pacyga K, Górska S, Xu J, Olszewski MA, Gamian A, Myc A. Silicone Oil-Based Nanoadjuvants as Candidates for a New Formulation of Intranasal Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030234. [PMID: 33800507 PMCID: PMC7999606 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many conventional vaccines are administered via a needle injection, while most pathogens primarily invade the host via mucosal surfaces. Moreover, protective IgA antibodies are insufficiently induced by parenteral vaccines. Mucosal immunity induces both local and systemic response to pathogens and typically lasts for long periods of time. Therefore, vaccination via mucosal routes has been increasingly explored. However, mucosal vaccines require potent adjuvants to become efficacious. Despite many efforts to develop safe and robust adjuvants for mucosal vaccines, only a few have been approved for use in human formulations. The aim of our study was to design, develop and characterize new silicone oil-based nanoadjuvant candidates for intranasal vaccines with potential to become mucosal adjuvants. We have developed an array of nanoadjuvant candidates (NACs), based on well-defined ingredients. NAC1, 2 and 3 are based on silicone oil, but differ in the used detergents and organic solvents, which results in variations in their droplet size and zeta potential. NACs' cytotoxicity, Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) induction and their effect on antigen engulfment by immune cells were tested in vitro. Adjuvant properties of NACs were verified by intranasal vaccination of mice together with ovalbumin (OVA). NACs show remarkable stability and do not require any special storage conditions. They exhibit bio-adhesiveness and influence the degree of model protein engulfment by epithelial cells. Moreover, they induce high specific anti-OVA IgG antibody titers after two intranasal administrations. Nanoadjuvant candidates composed of silicone oil and cationic detergents are stable, exhibit remarkable adjuvant properties and can be used as adjuvants for intranasal immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Razim
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marcelina Pyclik
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Pacyga
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Sabina Górska
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Jintao Xu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.X.); (M.A.O.)
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Michal A. Olszewski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.X.); (M.A.O.)
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrzej Myc
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (A.M.)
- MNIMBS, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Tada R, Ogasawara M, Yamanaka D, Sakurai Y, Negishi Y, Kiyono H, Ohno N, Kunisawa J, Aramaki Y. Enzymatically polymerised polyphenols prepared from various precursors potentiate antigen-specific immune responses in both mucosal and systemic compartments in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246422. [PMID: 33556119 PMCID: PMC7870002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant modern medicine progress, having an infectious disease is a major risk factor for humans. Mucosal vaccination is now widely considered as the most promising strategy to defeat infectious diseases; however, only live-attenuated and inactivated mucosal vaccines are used in the clinical field. To date, no subunit mucosal vaccine was approved mainly because of the lack of safe and effective methodologies to either activate or initiate host mucosal immune responses. We have recently elucidated that intranasal administration of enzymatically polymerised caffeic acid potentiates antigen-specific mucosal and systemic antibody responses in mice. However, our earlier study has not confirmed whether these effects are specific to the polymer synthesised from caffeic acid. Here, we show that enzymatically polymerised polyphenols (EPPs) from various phenolic compounds possess mucosal adjuvant activities when administered nasally with an antigen to mice. Potentiation of antigen-specific immune responses by all EPPs tested in this study showed no clear difference among the precursors used. We found that intranasal administration of ovalbumin as the antigen, in combination with all enzymatically polymerised polyphenols used in this study, induced ovalbumin-specific mucosal IgA in the nasal cavity, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, vaginal fluids, and systemic IgG, especially IgG1, in sera. Our results demonstrate that the mucosal adjuvant activities of polyphenols are not limited to polymerised caffeic acid but are broadly observable across the studied polyphenols. These properties of polyphenols may be advantageous for the development of safe and effective nasal vaccine systems to prevent and/or treat various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tada
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Miki Ogasawara
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamanaka
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakurai
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Negishi
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology and International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Aramaki
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Grego EA, Siddoway AC, Uz M, Liu L, Christiansen JC, Ross KA, Kelly SM, Mallapragada SK, Wannemuehler MJ, Narasimhan B. Polymeric Nanoparticle-Based Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Vehicles. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2021; 433:29-76. [PMID: 33165869 PMCID: PMC8107186 DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As vaccine formulations have progressed from including live or attenuated strains of pathogenic components for enhanced safety, developing new adjuvants to more effectively generate adaptive immune responses has become necessary. In this context, polymeric nanoparticles have emerged as a promising platform with multiple advantages, including the dual capability of adjuvant and delivery vehicle, administration via multiple routes, induction of rapid and long-lived immunity, greater shelf-life at elevated temperatures, and enhanced patient compliance. This comprehensive review describes advances in nanoparticle-based vaccines (i.e., nanovaccines) with a particular focus on polymeric particles as adjuvants and delivery vehicles. Examples of the nanovaccine approach in respiratory infections, biodefense, and cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Grego
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Alaric C Siddoway
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Metin Uz
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Departments of Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Luman Liu
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - John C Christiansen
- Departments of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ross
- Departments of Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Sean M Kelly
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Surya K Mallapragada
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Departments of Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Michael J Wannemuehler
- Departments of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Departments of Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Departments of Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Abstract
Adjuvants are added to vaccines to increase their potency. In general they do this by stimulating innate immune responses. They can be classified into damage-associated molecular patterns-type adjuvants that act by killing cells so that their released products trigger inflammation. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns-type adjuvants contain microbial molecules that trigger inflammation and dendritic cell maturation through pattern recognition receptors. A third type of adjuvant consists of nanoparticles or emulsions optimized to deliver antigen efficiently to dendritic cells or alternatively to prolong the release of antigen into the body. Different types of adjuvants may be combined to maximize their effect.
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35
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Cossette B, Kelly SH, Collier JH. Intranasal Subunit Vaccination Strategies Employing Nanomaterials and Biomaterials. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:1765-1779. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cossette
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sean H. Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Joel H. Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Darriba ML, Cerutti ML, Bruno L, Cassataro J, Pasquevich KA. Stability Studies of the Vaccine Adjuvant U-Omp19. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:707-718. [PMID: 33058898 PMCID: PMC7815325 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Unlipidated outer membrane protein 19 (U-Omp19) is a novel mucosal adjuvant in preclinical development to be used in vaccine formulations. U-Omp19 holds two main properties, it is capable of inhibiting gastrointestinal and lysosomal peptidases, increasing the amount of co-administered antigen that reaches the immune inductive sites and its half-life inside cells, and it is able to stimulate antigen presenting cells in vivo. These activities enable U-Omp19 to enhance the adaptive immune response to co-administrated antigens. To characterize the stability of U-Omp19 we have performed an extensive analysis of its physicochemical and biological properties in a 3-year long-term stability study, and under potentially damaging freeze-thawing and lyophilization stress processes. Results revealed that U-Omp19 retains its full protease inhibitor activity, its monomeric state and its secondary structure even when stored in solution for 36 months or after multiple freeze-thawing cycles. Non-enzymatic hydrolysis resulted the major degradation pathway for storage in solution at 4 °C or room temperature which can be abrogated by lyophilization yet increasing protein tendency to form aggregates. This information will play a key role in the development of a stable formulation of U-Omp19, allowing an extended shelf-life during manufacturing, storage, and shipping of a future vaccine containing this pioneering adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laura Darriba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (UNSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L Cerutti
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Laura Bruno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (UNSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juliana Cassataro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (UNSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina A Pasquevich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (UNSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Paracellular Pathway-Mediated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Migration across Porcine Airway Epithelial Barrier under Air-Liquid Interface Conditions. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00470-20. [PMID: 32747599 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00470-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is an important respiratory pathogen of pigs that causes persistent and secondary infections. However, the mechanisms by which this occurs are unclear. In this study, we established air-liquid interface culture systems for pig bronchial epithelial cells (ALI-PBECs) that were comparable to the conditions in the native bronchus in vivo We used this ALI-PBECs model to study the infection and migration characteristics of M. hyopneumoniae in vitro Based on the results, we confirmed that M. hyopneumoniae was able to adhere to ALI-PBECs and disrupt mucociliary function. Importantly, M. hyopneumoniae could migrate to the basolateral chamber through the paracellular route but not the transcellular pathway, and this was achieved by reversibly disrupting tight junctions (TJs) and increasing the permeability and damaging the integrity of the epithelial barrier. We examined the migration ability of M. hyopneumoniae using an ALI-PBECs model for the first time. The disruption of the epithelial barrier allowed M. hyopneumoniae to migrate to the basolateral chamber through the paracellular route, which may be related to immune evasion, extrapulmonary dissemination, and persistent infection of M. hyopneumoniae.
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Xu H, Alzhrani RF, Warnken ZN, Thakkar SG, Zeng M, Smyth HDC, Williams RO, Cui Z. Immunogenicity of Antigen Adjuvanted with AS04 and Its Deposition in the Upper Respiratory Tract after Intranasal Administration. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3259-3269. [PMID: 32787271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant system 04 (AS04) is in injectable human vaccines. AS04 contains two known adjuvants, 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and insoluble aluminum salts. Data from previous studies showed that both MPL and insoluble aluminum salts have nasal mucosal vaccine adjuvant activity. The present study was designed to test the feasibility of using AS04 as an adjuvant to help nasally administered antigens to induce specific mucosal and systemic immunity as well as to evaluate the deposition of antigens in the upper respiratory tract when adjuvanted with AS04. Alhydrogel, an aluminum (oxy)hydroxide suspension, was mixed with MPL to form AS04, which was then mixed with ovalbumin (OVA) or 3× M2e-HA2, a synthetic influenza virus hemagglutinin fusion protein, as an antigen to prepare OVA/AS04 and 3× M2e-HA2/AS04 vaccines, respectively. In mice, AS04 enabled antigens, when given intranasally, to induce specific IgA response in nasal and lung mucosal secretions as well as specific IgG response in the serum samples of the immunized mice, whereas subcutaneous injection of the same vaccine induced specific antibody responses only in the serum samples but not in the mucosal secretions. Splenocytes isolated from mice intranasally immunized with the OVA/AS04 also proliferated and released cytokines (i.e., IL-4 and IFN-γ) after in vitro stimulation with the antigen. In the immunogenicity test, intranasal OVA/AS04 was not more effective than intranasal OVA/MPL at the dosing regimens tested. However, when compared to OVA/MPL, OVA/AS04 showed a different atomized droplet size distribution and more importantly a more favorable OVA deposition profile when atomized into a nasal cast that was 3-D printed based on the computer tomography scan of the nose of a child. It is concluded that AS04 has mucosal adjuvant activity when given intranasally. In addition, there is a reason to be optimistic about using AS04 as an adjuvant to target an antigen of interest to the right region of the nasal cavity in humans for immune response induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Riyad F Alzhrani
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zachary N Warnken
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sachin G Thakkar
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Mingtao Zeng
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79905, United States
| | - Hugh D C Smyth
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Robert O Williams
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are the interface between the host’s internal milieu and the external environment, and they have dual functions, serving as physical barriers to foreign antigens and as accepting sites for vital materials. Mucosal vaccines are more favored to prevent mucosal infections from the portal of entry. Although mucosal vaccination has many advantages, licensed mucosal vaccines are scarce. The most widely studied mucosal routes are oral and intranasal. Licensed oral and intranasal vaccines are composed mostly of whole cell killed or live attenuated microorganisms serving as both delivery systems and built-in adjuvants. Future mucosal vaccines should be made with more purified antigen components, which will be relatively less immunogenic. To induce robust protective immune responses against well-purified vaccine antigens, an effective mucosal delivery system is an essential requisite. Recent developments in biomaterials and nanotechnology have enabled many innovative mucosal vaccine trials. For oral vaccination, the vaccine delivery system should be able to stably carry antigens and adjuvants and resist harsh physicochemical conditions in the stomach and intestinal tract. Besides many nano/microcarrier tools generated by using natural and chemical materials, the development of oral vaccine delivery systems using food materials should be more robustly researched to expand vaccine coverage of gastrointestinal infections in developing countries. For intranasal vaccination, the vaccine delivery system should survive the very active mucociliary clearance mechanisms and prove safety because of the anatomical location of nasal cavity separated by a thin barrier. Future mucosal vaccine carriers, regardless of administration routes, should have certain common characteristics. They should maintain stability in given environments, be mucoadhesive, and have the ability to target specific tissues and cells.
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40
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Stylianou E, Paul MJ, Reljic R, McShane H. Mucosal delivery of tuberculosis vaccines: a review of current approaches and challenges. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:1271-1284. [PMID: 31876199 PMCID: PMC6961305 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1692657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health threat and it is now clear that the current vaccine, BCG, is unable to arrest the global TB epidemic. A new vaccine is needed to either replace or boost BCG so that a better level of protection could be achieved. The route of entry of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative organism, is via inhalation making TB primarily a respiratory disease. There is therefore good reason to hypothesize that a mucosally delivered vaccine against TB could be more effective than one delivered via the systemic route. Areas covered: This review summarizes the progress that has been made in the area of TB mucosal vaccines in the last few years. It highlights some of the strengths and shortcomings of the published evidence and aims to discuss immunological and practical considerations in the development of mucosal vaccines. Expert opinion: There is a growing body of evidence that the mucosal approach to vaccination against TB is feasible and should be pursued. However, further key studies are necessary to both improve our understanding of the protective immune mechanisms operating in the mucosa and the technical aspects of aerosolized delivery, before such a vaccine could become a feasible, deployable strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Stylianou
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew J Paul
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, Tooting, London, UK
| | - Rajko Reljic
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, Tooting, London, UK
| | - Helen McShane
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Pyrski M, Mieloch AA, Plewiński A, Basińska-Barczak A, Gryciuk A, Bociąg P, Murias M, Rybka JD, Pniewski T. Parenteral-Oral Immunization with Plant-Derived HBcAg as a Potential Therapeutic Vaccine against Chronic Hepatitis B. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:E211. [PMID: 31835350 PMCID: PMC6963566 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the cause of severe liver damage, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma for over 240 million people worldwide. Nowadays, several types of treatment are being investigated, including immunotherapy using hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) assembled into highly immunogenic capsid-like particles (CLPs). Immunogenicity of plant-produced and purified HBcAg, administered parenterally or intranasally, was previously reported. In this study, a novel parenteral-oral vaccination scheme is proposed using plant-derived HBcAg preparations. The antigen for injection was obtained via transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. HBcAg-producing transgenic lettuce was lyophilized and used as an orally delivered booster. The intracellular location of plant-produced HBcAg CLPs implies additional protection in the digestive tract during oral immunization. BALB/c mice were intramuscularly primed with 10 µg of the purified antigen and orally boosted twice with 5 or 200 ng of HBcAg. A long-lasting and significant systemic response after boosting with 200 ng HBcAg was induced, with anti-HBc titer of 25,000. Concomitantly, an insignificant mucosal response was observed, with an S-IgA titer of only 500. The profile of IgG isotypes indicates a predominant Th1 type of immune response, supplemented by Th2, after injection-oral vaccination. The results demonstrate that a low dose of parenteral-oral immunization with plant-derived HBcAg can elicit a specific and efficient response. This study presents a potential new pathway of CHB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Pyrski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.P.); (A.B.-B.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Adam Aron Mieloch
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.M.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Plewiński
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Aneta Basińska-Barczak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.P.); (A.B.-B.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Gryciuk
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.P.); (A.B.-B.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Piotr Bociąg
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.P.); (A.B.-B.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jakub Dalibor Rybka
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Tomasz Pniewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.P.); (A.B.-B.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
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Dhakal S, Renukaradhya GJ. Nanoparticle-based vaccine development and evaluation against viral infections in pigs. Vet Res 2019; 50:90. [PMID: 31694705 PMCID: PMC6833244 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus infections possess persistent health challenges in swine industry leading to severe economic losses worldwide. The economic burden caused by virus infections such as Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Swine influenza virus, Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Porcine Circovirus 2, Foot and Mouth Disease Virus and many others are associated with severe morbidity, mortality, loss of production, trade restrictions and investments in control and prevention practices. Pigs can also have a role in zoonotic transmission of some viral infections to humans. Inactivated and modified-live virus vaccines are available against porcine viral infections with variable efficacy under field conditions. Thus, improvements over existing vaccines are necessary to: (1) Increase the breadth of protection against evolving viral strains and subtypes; (2) Control of emerging and re-emerging viruses; (3) Eradicate viruses localized in different geographic areas; and (4) Differentiate infected from vaccinated animals to improve disease control programs. Nanoparticles (NPs) generated from virus-like particles, biodegradable and biocompatible polymers and liposomes offer many advantages as vaccine delivery platform due to their unique physicochemical properties. NPs help in efficient antigen internalization and processing by antigen presenting cells and activate them to elicit innate and adaptive immunity. Some of the NPs-based vaccines could be delivered through both parenteral and mucosal routes to trigger efficient mucosal and systemic immune responses and could be used to target specific immune cells such as mucosal microfold (M) cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In conclusion, NPs-based vaccines can serve as novel candidate vaccines against several porcine viral infections with the potential to enhance the broader protective efficacy under field conditions. This review highlights the recent developments in NPs-based vaccines against porcine viral pathogens and how the NPs-based vaccine delivery system induces innate and adaptive immune responses resulting in varied level of protective efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Di Cola E, Cantu' L, Brocca P, Rondelli V, Fadda GC, Canelli E, Martelli P, Clementino A, Sonvico F, Bettini R, Del Favero E. Novel O/W nanoemulsions for nasal administration: Structural hints in the selection of performing vehicles with enhanced mucopenetration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110439. [PMID: 31473410 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We propose novel oil-in-water nanoemulsions (O/W NEs) including PEGylated surfactants and chitosan, showing good biocompatibility and optimization for nasal administration of drugs or vaccines. The transmucosal route has been shown to be ideal for a fast and efficient absorption and represents a viable alternative when the oral administration is problematic. The critical structural features in view of optimal encapsulation and transmucosal delivery were assessed by characterizing the NEs with complementary scattering techniques, i.e. dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle X-ray (SAXS) and neutron scattering (SANS). Combined results allowed for selecting the formulations with the best suited structural properties and in addition establishing their propensity to enter the mucus barrier. To this scope, mucin was used as a model system and the effect of adding chitosan to the NEs, as adjuvant, was investigated. Remarkably, the presence of chitosan had a positive impact on the diffusion of the NE particles through the mucin matrix. We can infer that chitosan-mucin interaction induces density inhomogeneity and an increase in the pore size within the gel matrix that enhances the PEGylated NEs mobility. The coupling of mucoadhesive and mucopenetrating agents is shown to be a promising strategy for innovative transmucosal delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Di Cola
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via fratelli Cervi 93, 20900 Segrate (Mi), Italy; Institute Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| | - Laura Cantu'
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via fratelli Cervi 93, 20900 Segrate (Mi), Italy
| | - Paola Brocca
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via fratelli Cervi 93, 20900 Segrate (Mi), Italy
| | - Valeria Rondelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via fratelli Cervi 93, 20900 Segrate (Mi), Italy
| | - Giulia C Fadda
- Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, 74 rue Marcel Cauchin, 93017 Bobigny, France; Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Elena Canelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Strada del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Strada del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Adryana Clementino
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Biopharmanet TEC - Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per l'Innovazione dei Prodotti per la Salute, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Biopharmanet TEC - Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per l'Innovazione dei Prodotti per la Salute, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ruggero Bettini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Biopharmanet TEC - Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per l'Innovazione dei Prodotti per la Salute, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Del Favero
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via fratelli Cervi 93, 20900 Segrate (Mi), Italy.
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Pejoski D, Ballester M, Auderset F, Vono M, Christensen D, Andersen P, Lambert PH, Siegrist CA. Site-Specific DC Surface Signatures Influence CD4 + T Cell Co-stimulation and Lung-Homing. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1650. [PMID: 31396211 PMCID: PMC6668556 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) that drain the gut and skin are known to favor the establishment of T cell populations that home to the original site of DC-antigen (Ag) encounter by providing soluble “imprinting” signals to T cells in the lymph node (LN). To study the induction of lung T cell-trafficking, we used a protein-adjuvant murine intranasal and intramuscular immunization model to compare in vivo-activated Ag+ DCs in the lung and muscle-draining LNs. Higher frequencies of Ag+ CD11b+ DCs were observed in lung-draining mediastinal LNs (MedLN) compared to muscle-draining inguinal LNs (ILN). Ag+ CD11b+ MedLN DCs were qualitatively superior at priming CD4+ T cells, which then expressed CD49a and CXCR3, and preferentially trafficked into the lung parenchyma. CD11b+ DCs from the MedLN expressed higher levels of surface podoplanin, Trem4, GL7, and the known co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86, and CD24. Blockade of specific MedLN DC molecules or the use of sorted DC and T cell co-cultures demonstrated that DC surface phenotype influences the ability to prime T cells that then home to the lung. Thus, the density of dLN Ag+ DCs, and DC surface molecule signatures are factors that can influence the output and differentiation of lung-homing CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pejoski
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Ballester
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Floriane Auderset
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Vono
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dennis Christensen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Andersen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul-Henri Lambert
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claire-Anne Siegrist
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Calzas C, Chevalier C. Innovative Mucosal Vaccine Formulations Against Influenza A Virus Infections. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1605. [PMID: 31379823 PMCID: PMC6650573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts made to develop efficient preventive strategies, infections with influenza A viruses (IAV) continue to cause serious clinical and economic problems. Current licensed human vaccines are mainly inactivated whole virus particles or split-virion administered via the parenteral route. These vaccines provide incomplete protection against IAV in high-risk groups and are poorly/not effective against the constant antigenic drift/shift occurring in circulating strains. Advances in mucosal vaccinology and in the understanding of the protective anti-influenza immune mechanisms suggest that intranasal immunization is a promising strategy to fight against IAV. To date, human mucosal anti-influenza vaccines consist of live attenuated strains administered intranasally, which elicit higher local humoral and cellular immune responses than conventional parenteral vaccines. However, because of inconsistent protective efficacy and safety concerns regarding the use of live viral strains, new vaccine candidates are urgently needed. To prime and induce potent and long-lived protective immune responses, mucosal vaccine formulations need to ensure the immunoavailability and the immunostimulating capacity of the vaccine antigen(s) at the mucosal surfaces, while being minimally reactogenic/toxic. The purpose of this review is to compile innovative delivery/adjuvant systems tested for intranasal administration of inactivated influenza vaccines, including micro/nanosized particulate carriers such as lipid-based particles, virus-like particles and polymers associated or not with immunopotentiatory molecules including microorganism-derived toxins, Toll-like receptor ligands and cytokines. The capacity of these vaccines to trigger specific mucosal and systemic humoral and cellular responses against IAV and their (cross)-protective potential are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Calzas
- VIM, UR892, Equipe Virus Influenza, INRA, University PARIS-SACLAY, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christophe Chevalier
- VIM, UR892, Equipe Virus Influenza, INRA, University PARIS-SACLAY, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Takahashi K, Orito N, Tokunoh N, Inoue N. Current issues regarding the application of recombinant lactic acid bacteria to mucosal vaccine carriers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5947-5955. [PMID: 31175431 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been intensively studied as potential bacterial carriers for therapeutic materials, such as vaccine antigens, to the mucosal tissues. LAB have several attractive advantages as carriers of mucosal vaccines, and the effectiveness of LAB vaccines has been demonstrated in numerous studies. Research on LAB vaccines to date has focused on whether antigen-specific immunity, particularly antibody responses, can be induced. However, with recent developments in immunology, microbiology, and vaccinology, more detailed analyses of the underlying mechanisms, especially, of the induction of cell-mediated immunity and memory cells, have been required for vaccine development and licensure. In this mini-review, we will discuss the issues, including (i) immune responses other than antibody production, (ii) persistence of LAB vaccine immunity, (iii) comparative evaluation of LAB vaccines with any existing or reference vaccines, (iv) strategies for increasing the effectiveness of LAB vaccines, and (iv) effects of microbiota on the efficacy of LAB vaccines. Although these issues have been rarely studied or discussed to date in relation to LAB vaccine research, further understanding of them is critical for the practical application of LAB vaccine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Orito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Nagisa Tokunoh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Naoki Inoue
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
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The TLR4 agonist adjuvant SLA-SE promotes functional mucosal antibodies against a parenterally delivered ETEC vaccine. NPJ Vaccines 2019; 4:19. [PMID: 31149350 PMCID: PMC6538625 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-019-0116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens establish infection at mucosal surfaces such as the enteric pathogen Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Thus, there is a pressing need for effective vaccination strategies that promote protective immunity at mucosal surfaces. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands have been extensively developed as vaccine adjuvants to promote systemic immunity, whereas attenuated bacterial toxins including cholera toxin and heat-labile toxin (LT) have initially been developed to promote mucosal immunity. Here we evaluate the ability of the TLR4 agonist second-generation lipid adjuvant formulated in a stable emulsion (SLA-SE) to augment functional mucosal antibodies elicited by intramuscular immunization with a recombinant ETEC vaccine antigen. We find that, in mice, parenterally delivered SLA-SE is at least as effective as the double-mutant LT (LTR192G/L211A, dmLT) adjuvant in promoting functional antibodies and eliciting intestinal IgA responses to the vaccine antigen. In addition, SLA-SE enhanced both the IgG2a response in the mucosa and serum, and the production of LT neutralizing serum antibodies elicited by dmLT four to eightfold. These results reveal unexpected mucosal adjuvant properties of this TLR4 agonist adjuvant when delivered intramuscularly. This may have a substantial impact on the development of vaccines against enteric and other mucosal pathogens. Although offering great potential for generating intestinal immunity, vaccination by the oral route suffers from several barriers such as the breakdown of protein vaccines in the stomach and/or the induction of oral tolerance. To investigate whether these barriers can be circumvented, Mark T. Orr and colleagues at the Infectious Disease Research Institute use a parenteral (intramuscular) vaccination protocol in mice. Intramuscular immunization with an enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) vaccine plus a Toll-like receptor 4 adjuvant in stable emulsion (SLA-SE) elicits a functional antibody response in both the gut and serum. Importantly, this intramuscular vaccination triggers robust production of IgA in the gut. These findings suggest that with the right adjuvant combination it might possible to generate potent protective mucosal immunity following parenteral immunization.
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Sarkar I, Garg R, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S. Selection of adjuvants for vaccines targeting specific pathogens. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:505-521. [PMID: 31009255 PMCID: PMC7103699 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1604231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adjuvants form an integral component in most of the inactivated and subunit vaccine formulations. Careful and proper selection of adjuvants helps in promoting appropriate immune responses against target pathogens at both innate and adaptive levels such that protective immunity can be elicited. Areas covered: Herein, we describe the recent progress in our understanding of the mode of action of adjuvants that are licensed for use in human vaccines or in clinical or pre-clinical stages at both innate and adaptive levels. Different pathogens have distinct characteristics, which require the host to mount an appropriate immune response against them. Adjuvants can be selected to elicit a tailor-made immune response to specific pathogens based on their unique properties. Identification of biomarkers of adjuvanticity for several candidate vaccines using omics-based technologies can unravel the mechanism of action of modern and experimental adjuvants. Expert opinion: Adjuvant technology has been revolutionized over the last two decades. In-depth understanding of the role of adjuvants in activating the innate immune system, combined with systems vaccinology approaches, have led to the development of next-generation, novel adjuvants that can be used in vaccines against challenging pathogens and in specific target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Sarkar
- a VIDO-InterVac , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Canada.,b Microbiology and Immunology , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Canada
| | - Ravendra Garg
- a VIDO-InterVac , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Canada
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Qi X, Lu Q, Hu J, Xiong S. Spontaneous C-cleavage of a truncated intein as fusion tag to produce tag-free VP1 inclusion body nanoparticle vaccine against CVB3-induced viral myocarditis by the oral route. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:66. [PMID: 30947747 PMCID: PMC6449988 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral vaccine is highly desired for infectious disease which is caused by pathogens infection through the mucosal surface. The design of suitable vaccine delivery system is ongoing for the antigen protection from the harsh gastric environment and target to the Peyer’s patches to induce sufficient mucosal immune responses. Among various potential delivery systems, bacterial inclusion bodies have been widely used as delivery systems in the field of nanobiomedicine. However, a large number of heterologous complex proteins could be difficult to propagate in E. coli and fusion partners are often used to enhance target protein expression. As a safety concern the fusion protein need to be removed from the target protein to get tag-free protein, especially for the production of protein antigen in vaccinology. Until now, there is no report on how to remove fusion tag from inclusion body particles in vitro and in vivo. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a leading causative agent of viral myocarditis and orally protein vaccine is high desired for CVB3-induced myocarditis. In this context, we explored a tag-free VP1 inclusion body nanoparticles production protocol though a truncated Ssp DnaX mini-intein spontaneous C-cleavage in vivo and also exploited the VP1 inclusion bodies as an oral protein nanoparticle vaccine to protect mice against CVB3-induced myocarditis. Results We successfully produced the tag-free VP1 inclusion body nanoparticle antigen of CVB3 and orally administrated to mice. The results showed that the tag-free VP1 inclusion body nanoparticles as an effective antigen delivery system targeting to the Peyer’s patches had the capacity to induce mucosal immunity as well as to efficiently protect mice from CVB3 induce myocarditis without any adjuvant. Then, we proposed the use of VP1 inclusion body nanoparticles as good candidate for oral vaccine to against CVB3-induced myocarditis. Conclusions Our tag-free inclusion body nanoparticles production procedure is easy and low cost and may have universal applicability to produce a variety of tag-free inclusion body nanoparticles for oral vaccine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1115-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Qi
- The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Lu
- The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - JingPing Hu
- The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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50
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Liu C, Luo J, Xue RY, Guo L, Nie L, Li S, Ji L, Ma CJ, Chen DQ, Miao K, Zou QM, Li HB. The mucosal adjuvant effect of plant polysaccharides for induction of protective immunity against Helicobacter pylori infection. Vaccine 2019; 37:1053-1061. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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