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Tappia PS, Shah AK, Dhalla NS. The Efficacy of Vitamins in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9761. [PMID: 39337248 PMCID: PMC11432297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are known to affect the regulation of several biochemical and metabolic pathways that influence cellular function. Adequate amounts of both hydrophilic and lipophilic vitamins are required for maintaining normal cardiac and vascular function, but their deficiencies can contribute to cardiovascular abnormalities. In this regard, a deficiency in the lipophilic vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, and E, as well as in the hydrophilic vitamins, such as vitamin C and B, has been associated with suboptimal cardiovascular function, whereas additional intakes have been suggested to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Here, we have attempted to describe the association between low vitamin status and cardiovascular disease, and to offer a discussion on the efficacy of vitamins. While there are inconsistencies in the impact of a deficiency in vitamins on the development of cardiovascular disease and the benefits associated with supplementation, this review proposes that specific vitamins may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in individuals at risk rather than serve as an adjunct therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramjit S Tappia
- Asper Clinical Research Institute, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Anureet K Shah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Naranjan S Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2E 0J9, Canada
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Esposito M, Amory JK, Kang Y. The pathogenic role of retinoid nuclear receptor signaling in cancer and metabolic syndromes. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240519. [PMID: 39133222 PMCID: PMC11318670 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The retinoid nuclear receptor pathway, activated by the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid, has been extensively investigated for over a century. This study has resulted in conflicting hypotheses about how the pathway regulates health and how it should be pharmaceutically manipulated. These disagreements arise from a fundamental contradiction: retinoid agonists offer clear benefits to select patients with rare bone growth disorders, acute promyelocytic leukemia, and some dermatologic diseases, yet therapeutic retinoid pathway activation frequently causes more harm than good, both through acute metabolic dysregulation and a delayed cancer-promoting effect. In this review, we discuss controlled clinical, mechanistic, and genetic data to suggest several disease settings where inhibition of the retinoid pathway may be a compelling therapeutic strategy, such as solid cancers or metabolic syndromes, and also caution against continued testing of retinoid agonists in cancer patients. Considerable evidence suggests a central role for retinoid regulation of immunity and metabolism, with therapeutic opportunities to antagonize retinoid signaling proposed in cancer, diabetes, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Esposito
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Kayothera, Inc , Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch , Princeton, NJ, USA
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Fan J, Hu J. Retinol binding protein 4 and type 2 diabetes: from insulin resistance to pancreatic β-cell function. Endocrine 2024; 85:1020-1034. [PMID: 38520616 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine that has been explored as a key biomarker of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in recent years. Researchers have conducted a series of experiments to understand the interplay between RBP4 and T2DM, including its role in insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell function. The results of these studies indicate that RBP4 has a significant influence on T2DM and is considered a potential biomarker of T2DM. However, there have also been some controversies about the relationship between RBP4 levels and T2DM. In this review, we update and summarize recent studies focused on the relationship between RBP4 and T2DM and its role in insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell function to clarify the existing controversy and provide evidence for future studies. We also assessed the potential therapeutic applications of RBP4 in treating T2DM. METHODS A narrative review. RESULTS Overall, there were significant associations between RBP4 levels, insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell function, and T2DM. CONCLUSIONS More mechanistic studies are needed to determine the role of RBP4 in the onset of T2DM, especially in terms of pancreatic β-cell function. In addition, further studies are required to evaluate the effects of drug intervention, lifestyle intervention, and bariatric surgery on RBP4 levels to control T2DM and the role of reducing RBP4 levels in improving insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis Research, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Institute of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jinxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis Research, Department of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Institute of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, PR China
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Seon JH, Kim NY, Kim JE, Choi CH, Chung KH. Oxidative balance scores in Korean adults are associated with periodontitis. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39022872 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is a comprehensive metric that assesses the state of a person's oxidative balance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the oxidative balance score and moderate and severe periodontitis in a representative sample of Korean adults. METHODS Healthcare big data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018) was used, and 16,489 adults aged ≥19 years were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the effect of sex-specific oxidative balance scores on periodontitis. RESULTS In comparison with participants with a lower oxidative balance score, those with a higher oxidative balance score had a lower incidence of moderate and severe periodontitis (p < 0.05). After adjusting for covariates, the oxidative balance score was negatively associated with moderate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.952; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.934-0.971) and severe (OR = 0.958; 95% CI: 0.931-0.986) periodontitis; however, the result was not significant for severe periodontitis in women's (OR = 0.975; 95% CI: 0.934-1.018). Our study showed a statistically significant association between OBS and moderate and severe periodontitis, the small effect size should be interpreted with caution. CONCLUSIONS The oxidative balance score was associated with moderate and severe periodontitis in Korean adults. Therefore, managing this score may help reduce the risk of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Seon
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Yeong Kim
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Ho Choi
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Chung
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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5
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Lerner UH. Vitamin A - discovery, metabolism, receptor signaling and effects on bone mass and fracture susceptibility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1298851. [PMID: 38711977 PMCID: PMC11070503 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1298851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The first evidence of the existence of vitamin A was the observation 1881 that a substance present in small amounts in milk was necessary for normal development and life. It was not until more than 100 years later that it was understood that vitamin A acts as a hormone through nuclear receptors. Unlike classical hormones, vitamin A cannot be synthesized by the body but needs to be supplied by the food as retinyl esters in animal products and ß-carotene in vegetables and fruits. Globally, vitamin A deficiency is a huge health problem, but in the industrialized world excess of vitamin A has been suggested to be a risk factor for secondary osteoporosis and enhanced susceptibility to fractures. Preclinical studies unequivocally have shown that increased amounts of vitamin A cause decreased cortical bone mass and weaker bones due to enhanced periosteal bone resorption. Initial clinical studies demonstrated a negative association between intake of vitamin A, as well as serum levels of vitamin A, and bone mass and fracture susceptibility. In some studies, these observations have been confirmed, but in other studies no such associations have been observed. One meta-analysis found that both low and high serum levels of vitamin A were associated with increased relative risk of hip fractures. Another meta-analysis also found that low levels of serum vitamin A increased the risk for hip fracture but could not find any association with high serum levels of vitamin A and hip fracture. It is apparent that more clinical studies, including large numbers of incident fractures, are needed to determine which levels of vitamin A that are harmful or beneficial for bone mass and fracture. It is the aim of the present review to describe how vitamin A was discovered and how vitamin A is absorbed, metabolized and is acting as a ligand for nuclear receptors. The effects by vitamin A in preclinical studies are summarized and the clinical investigations studying the effect by vitamin A on bone mass and fracture susceptibility are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf H. Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Cao X, Zhong G, Jin T, Hu W, Wang J, Shi B, Wei R. Diagnostic value of retinol-binding protein 4 in diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1356131. [PMID: 38711978 PMCID: PMC11070506 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Early detection and prevention of DN are important. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been considered as a single diagnostic marker for the detection of renal impairment. However, the results have been inconsistent. The present meta-analysis aimed to determine the diagnostic potential of RBP4 in patients in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with DN. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang and CNKI databases from inception until January 2024. The meta-analysis was performed by Stata version 15.0, and sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) were pooled. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool was utilized to assess the quality of each included study. In addition, heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Results Twenty-nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71-0.80] and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.76-0.85), respectively. The results showed a pooled PLR of 4.06 (95% CI, 3.16-5.21), NLR of 0.29 (95% CI, 0.24-0.36) and DOR of 13.76 (95% CI, 9.29-20.37). The area under the summarized receiver operating characteristic curve was given a value of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.82-0.88). No obvious publication bias existed in the Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test. Conclusion Our findings suggest that RBP4 has a promising diagnostic value with good sensitivity and specificity for patients with T2DM with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guanghui Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tinglong Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weijiao Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Renxiong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
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Sun Q, Guo J. Associations between serum retinol and all-cause mortality among adults with prediabetes and diabetes: A cohort study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297552. [PMID: 38306354 PMCID: PMC10836695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the associations between serum retinol and all-cause mortality among people with prediabetes and diabetes. The study included 2582 participants with prediabetes and 1654 with diabetes aged ≥40 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006. Serum retinol was collected from laboratory tests and categorized into five groups, including <50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, and ≥80 μg/dL. Deaths were obtained by linkage to National Death Index up to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between serum retinol and all-cause mortality. During the follow-up, 993 participants with prediabetes died and 874 participants with diabetes died. There were U-shaped associations between serum retinol and mortality among participants with prediabetes and diabetes, separately. Among participants with prediabetes, compared to serum retinol levels of 50-60 μg/dL, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of mortality was 1.40 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.76) and 1.26 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.57) for serum retinol <50 or ≥80 μg/dL, respectively. Among participants with diabetes, compared to serum retinol levels of 50-60 μg/dL, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of mortality was 1.25 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.62) and 1.21 (95% CI 0.91 to 1.62) for serum retinol <50 or ≥80 μg/dL, respectively. The U-shaped associations between serum retinol and mortality still existed among participants aged ≥60 years with prediabetes or diabetes but were not statistically significant among those aged 40-59 years with prediabetes or diabetes. In conclusion, both low and excessive serum retinol tended to be with higher mortality risk among people with abnormal blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Care Sciences and Society, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Tan X, Zhang H, Liu L, Yu Z, Liu X, Cui L, Chen Y, Zhang H, Gao Z, Zhao Z. The association between retinol-binding protein 4 and risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1053-1063. [PMID: 36987736 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2196396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) was controversially associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the association between RBP4 level and T2DM risk. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify relevant studies up to 3 December 2022. Random effects model was used to pool multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias was estimated by Funnel plot and Egger's test, it was considered to be significant when P < 0.05. Eight studies including 8087 participants were finally included. Compared to those with the lowest level, subjects with the highest level of RBP4 have a higher risk of T2DM (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16-1.78, P < 0.001, I2 = 86.9%). No publication bias among the included studies was found (t = 0.94, P = 0.377). This meta-analysis indicated that high RBP4 level was associated with increasing risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Tan
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Cui
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zijian Zhao
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Qadeer A, Ishaq MU, Safi A, Akbar A, Asif S, Komel A, Kunwar D, Bokhari SMA. Association of vitamin A with gestational diabetes and thyroid disorders in pregnancy and their influence on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Ther Adv Reprod Health 2024; 18:26334941241271542. [PMID: 39220467 PMCID: PMC11366108 DOI: 10.1177/26334941241271542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and thyroid disorders during pregnancy pose significant health concerns, impacting a substantial number of mothers globally. Globally, about 14% of pregnant women develop GDM, while thyroid disorders impact approximately 2%-3%. Both conditions contribute to adverse outcomes, including gestational hypertension, excessive fetal growth, and heightened perinatal morbidity. The central focus of this literature review is to examine the relationship between vitamin A, a crucial fat-soluble micronutrient in fetal development, and the occurrence of GDM and thyroid disorders during pregnancy. The primary research question investigates the association between vitamin A, GDM, and thyroid disorders, analyzing their combined impact on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. The review underscores the potential of vitamin A to modulate the risk and outcomes of GDM and thyroid disorders during gestation, emphasizing its role in GDM development and resolution and its influence on thyroid function in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadeer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Adnan Safi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anum Akbar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sana Asif
- Department of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Komel
- Department of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Digbijay Kunwar
- Department of Medicine, Bagahi Primary Healthcare Center, Parsa, Birgunj 44300, Nepal
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Canonico F, Pedicino D, Severino A, Vinci R, Flego D, Pisano E, d’Aiello A, Ciampi P, Ponzo M, Bonanni A, De Ciutiis A, Russo S, Di Sario M, Angelini G, Szczepaniak P, Baldi A, Kapelak B, Wierzbicki K, Montone RA, D’Amario D, Massetti M, Guzik TJ, Crea F, Liuzzo G. GLUT-1/PKM2 loop dysregulation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction promotes metainflammation. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2653-2662. [PMID: 36508576 PMCID: PMC10730239 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The functional capacity of the immune cells is strongly dependent on their metabolic state and inflammatory responses are characterized by a greater use of glucose in immune cells. This study is aimed to establish the role of glucose metabolism and its players [glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 (PKM2)] in the dysregulation of adaptive immunity and inflammation observed in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 248 patients allocated to three groups: NSTEMI patients, chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) patients, healthy subjects (HSs). NSTEMI patients showed higher expression of GLUT-1 and an enhanced glucose uptake in T cells when compared with CCS patients (P < 0.0001; P = 0.0101, respectively) and HSs (P = 0.0071; P = 0.0122, respectively). PKM2 had a prevalent nuclear localization in T lymphocytes in NSTEMI (P = 0.0005 for nuclear vs. cytoplasm localization), while in CCS and HS, it was equally distributed in both compartments. In addition, the nuclear fraction of PKM2 was significantly higher in NSTEMI compared with HS (P = 0.0023). In NSTEMI patients, treatment with Shikonin and Fasentin, which inhibits PKM2 enzyme activity and GLUT-1-mediated glucose internalization, respectively, led to a significant reduction in GLUT-1 expression along with the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. CONCLUSION NSTEMI patients exhibit dysregulation of the GLUT-1/PKM2 metabolic loop characterized by nuclear translocation of PKM2, where it acts as a transcription regulator of pro-inflammatory genes. This detrimental loop might represent a new therapeutic target for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Canonico
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramona Vinci
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Flego
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Pisano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia d’Aiello
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Ciampi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Myriana Ponzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Astrid De Ciutiis
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Russo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Di Sario
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Angelini
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Piotr Szczepaniak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Boguslaw Kapelak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karol Wierzbicki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rocco A Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Amario
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Ye B, Zhao Q, Fan J, Li X, Shan C, Liu F, Song N, Zhu J, Xia M, Liu Y, Yang Y. RBP4-based Multimarker Score: A Prognostic Tool for Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:3111-3121. [PMID: 37402630 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been implicated in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, its association with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains obscure. OBJECTIVE Here, we examined the prognostic value of baseline RBP4 and its derived multimarker score for MACEs in ACS patients. METHODS A total of 826 patients with ACS were consecutively recruited from the department of cardiology and prospectively followed up for a median of 1.95 years (interquartile range, 1.02-3.25 years). Plasma RBP4 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Adjusted associations between RBP4 and its derived multimarker score (1 point was assigned when RBP4 ≥ 38.18μg/mL, left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≤ 55%, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP] ≥ 450 ng/L, estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≤ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2, and age ≥60) with MACEs were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 269 ACS patients (32.57%) experienced MACEs. When patients were grouped by multimarker score (0-1, n = 315; 2-3, n = 406; 4-5, n = 105), there was a significant graded association between RBP4-based multimarker score and risk of MACEs (intermediate score (2-3): HRadj: 1.80; 95% CI, 1.34-2.41; high score (4-5): HRadj: 3.26; 95% CI, 2.21-4.81) and its components (P < .05 for each). Moreover, the prognostic and discriminative value of the RBP4-derived multimarker score remained robust in ACS patients with various high-risk anatomical or clinical characteristics. CONCLUSION The RBP4-derived 5-item score serves as a useful risk stratification and decision support for secondary prevention in patients with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, and Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
| | - Jiahua Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
| | - Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
| | - Ning Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
| | - Min Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yining Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P.R. China
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Olsen T, Lerner UH. Vitamin A - a scoping review for Nordic nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:10229. [PMID: 38686175 PMCID: PMC11057411 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds with retinol activity, including all-trans retinol and pro-vitamin A carotenoids. Bioactive compounds include retinal and all-trans retinoic acid with important functions in vision, immune function, growth, and development. The literature search that was performed for the current scoping review yielded a total of seven publications relevant to setting the recommended daily intake for vitamin A. In total, six publications assessed the relationship of serum retinol and/or dietary vitamin A intake with fracture risk (n = 2), cancer (n = 3), and deficiency after bariatric surgery (n = 1). One additional report by the European Food Safety Administration (EFSA) with updated average requirements was included. The outcomes-based systematic reviews and meta-analyses showed positive associations for vitamin A intake and serum retinol with risk of hip fracture. Weak or inconclusive associations were observed for cancer or obesity. One publication by EFSA with updated estimated average requirements and population reference intakes for dietary vitamin A intakes was published in 2015. The EFSA recommendations and estimated average requirements are based on a European reference population, with body weights derived from an assumed body mass index of 22, which might be too low and not representative of the Nordic and Baltic populations, and consequently resulting in lower estimated average requirements and recommendations. In conclusion, there were limited new outcomes-based data for vitamin A and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Olsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulf H. Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Almaguer J, Hindle A, Lawrence JJ. The Contribution of Hippocampal All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) Deficiency to Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Overview of ATRA-Dependent Gene Expression in Post-Mortem Hippocampal Tissue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1921. [PMID: 38001775 PMCID: PMC10669734 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that vitamin A (VA) deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a metabolite of VA in the brain, serves distinct roles in the human hippocampus. Agonists of retinoic acid receptors (RAR), including ATRA, promote activation of the non-amyloidogenic pathway by enhancing expression of α-secretases, providing a mechanistic basis for delaying/preventing amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity. However, whether ATRA is actually deficient in the hippocampi of patients with AD is not clear. Here, using a publicly available human transcriptomic dataset, we evaluated the extent to which ATRA-sensitive genes are dysregulated in hippocampal tissue from post-mortem AD brains, relative to age-matched controls. Consistent with ATRA deficiency, we found significant dysregulation of many ATRA-sensitive genes and significant upregulation of RAR co-repressors, supporting the idea of transcriptional repression of ATRA-mediated signaling. Consistent with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, Nrf2 and NfkB transcripts were upregulated, respectively. Interestingly, transcriptional targets of Nrf2 were not upregulated, accompanied by upregulation of several histone deacetylases. Overall, our investigation of ATRA-sensitive genes in the human hippocampus bolsters the scientific premise of ATRA depletion in AD and that epigenetic factors should be considered and addressed as part of VA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Almaguer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Ashly Hindle
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience and Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - J. Josh Lawrence
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Garrison Institute on Aging, Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, and Center of Excellence for Integrated Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Cao Z, Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Xu S, Pan B, Zhang S, Zhang G, Zhi Z, Shi Y, Cui L, Liu P. Construction and application of artificial lipoproteins using adiposomes. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100436. [PMID: 37648212 PMCID: PMC10518588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoproteins are complex particles comprised of a neutral lipid core wrapped with a phospholipid monolayer membrane and apolipoproteins on the membrane, which is closely associated with metabolic diseases. To facilitate the elucidation of its formation and dynamics, as well as its applications, we developed an in vitro system in which adiposomes, consisting of a hydrophobic core encircled by a monolayer-phospholipid membrane, were engineered into artificial lipoproteins (ALPs) by recruiting one or more kinds of apolipoproteins, for example, apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I, ApoE, ApoA-IV, and ApoB. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the stability and biological activity of ALPs derived from adiposomes, which resembles native lipoproteins. Of note, adiposomes bearing ApoE were internalized via clathrin-mediated endocytosis following LDLR binding and were delivered to lysosomes. On the other hand, adiposomes bearing ApoA-IV mimicked the existing form of endogenous ApoA-IV and exhibited significant improvement in glucose tolerance in mice. In addition, the construction process was simple, precise, reproducible, as well as easy to adjust for mass production. With this experimental system, different apolipoproteins can be recruited to build ALPs for some biological goals and potential applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyun Zhou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Pan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoxin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zelun Zhi
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liujuan Cui
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingsheng Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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15
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Wang F, Qin Y, Li Z. Serum retinol-binding protein 4 in stroke patients: correlation with T helper 17/regulatory T cell imbalance and 3-year cognitive function decline. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1217979. [PMID: 37808505 PMCID: PMC10551125 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1217979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) promotes atherosclerotic progression and neuronal loss, whereas its association with cognitive impairment in stroke is unclear. Hence, this prospective study aimed to explore the association of serum RBP4 with the T helper (Th)17/regulatory T (Treg) cell ratio and its correlation with cognitive impairment in stroke patients. Methods Peripheral blood samples from 265 stroke patients and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were collected at enrollment for serum RBP4 (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and Th17 and Treg cells (by flow cytometry) determination. Additionally, stroke patients underwent routine follow-ups, and their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were assessed at baseline and in years 1, 2, and 3 after enrollment. Results Serum RBP4 was elevated in stroke patients compared to HCs (p < 0.001), with a good ability to differentiate stroke patients from HCs (area under the curve: 0.815). Serum RBP4 was positively associated with Th17 cells (p < 0.001) and the Th17/Treg cell ratio (p < 0.001) and negatively associated with Treg cells (p = 0.003) in stroke patients, whereas it was only positively associated with the Th17/Treg cell ratio (p = 0.027) but not with Th17 (p = 0.075) or Treg (p = 0.130) cells in HCs. Furthermore, increased serum RBP4 was associated with a lower MMSE score (p < 0.001) and a lower incidence of cognition impairment (p = 0.005) at enrollment in stroke patients, as were Th17 cells and the Th17/Treg cell ratio (all p < 0.050). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year MMSE scores in stroke patients were 25.9 ± 2.0, 25.3 ± 2.3, and 24.9 ± 2.3, respectively. More importantly, serum RBP4 was negatively correlated with 1-, 2-, and 3-year MMSE scores (all p < 0.001) and positively associated with 1-year (p = 0.013), 2-year (p = 0.007), and 3-year (p = 0.001) MMSE score declines in stroke patients. Conclusion Serum RBP4 is positively associated with a Th17/Treg cell imbalance and, more importantly, it is indicative of cognitive function decline within 3 years in stroke patients. Thus, early and timely interventions and physical rehabilitation are more necessary in stroke patients with high serum RBP4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zongyou Li
- Department of Neurology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, China
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16
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Sheng BW, Zhang JQ, Chen M, Ma M. The inverse association between fasting blood glucose and the occurrence of gallbladder cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a case-control study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10387-10398. [PMID: 37273108 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04944-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the correlation between diabetes mellitus (DM) and gallbladder cancer (GBC) in an epidemiological setting. METHODS The study summarized the clinical and laboratory data of 2210 GBC Chinese patients in the authors' hospital. A total of 17 influencing factors for GBC, including gender, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), and lipid indexes were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Based on the results of univariate logistic regression, the risk of GBC was significantly and positively correlated with serum triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, FINS, HOMA-IR, being female, BMI, DM, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and gallbladder stone disease (GSD), and significantly negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein and FBG concentrations in serum, as well as hypertension. According to multivariate analysis, FINS was significantly positively associated with GBC risk, while DM showed an insignificant negative association; FBG was also not important. The most significant independent factor of GBC risk in patients with DM was HOMA-IR. Fasting blood glucose levels showed a significant negative relationship with GBC in patients with DM. In addition, this study indicated a significantly negative association between serum RBP levels and GBC. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study revealed that the efficient treatment of insulin resistance is an important approach for decreasing GBC risk, as opposed to lowering blood sugar only, particularly in patients with DM. Interestingly, FBG may have had an inverse association with the development of GBC in patients with type 2 DM. Of note, the study found that a dramatic initial drop in RBP may help predict the occurrence of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Wu Sheng
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Jian-Qin Zhang
- Shaanxi Nutrition Society, Medical School, of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Chen
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mao Ma
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a metabolite of vitamin A and is essential for development and growth as well as cellular metabolism. Through genomic and nongenomic actions, RA regulates a variety of physiological functions. Dysregulation of RA signaling is associated with many diseases. Targeting RA signaling has been proven valuable to human health. All-trans retinoic acid (AtRA) and anthracycline-based chemotherapy are the standard treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Both human and animal studies have shown a significant relationship between RA signaling and the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review article, we will first summarize vitamin A metabolism and then focus on the role of RA signaling in NAFLD. AtRA inhibits the development and progression of NAFLD via regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation, thermogenesis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima N Cassim Bawa
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA 44272
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA 44272
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18
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Gao G, Cui Y, Cheng H. Association between retinol binding protein-4 and psoriasis vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1208969. [PMID: 37711744 PMCID: PMC10498455 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1208969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic skin disease which is related to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In the pathogenesis of these diseases, adipokines, including retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), play crucial roles. Studies have also shown that RBP-4 might be a meaningful factor in psoriasis however, relying on the analysis of a single study have some drawbacks. Objective To evaluate the association between RBP-4 and psoriasis vulgaris more comprehensively. Methods Six databases were searched to obtain relevant publications. The selection of the included studies was based on a criteria. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for analysis. A value of p < 0.05 was defined as significance. Results Seven studies were included, with 271 cases and 235 controls. In the comparison between patients and controls, the merged data suggested that levels of RBP-4 were significantly higher in patients (SMD = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.14, 1.07, p < 0.05). In five studies containing the data of RBP-4 levels before and after treatment, no significance was found, either for RBP-4 levels in the after-treatment group and control group in these five studies (p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the therapy method. Patients with systematic treatment showed a significant decrease of BRP-4 level after the treatment (SMD = -0.64, 95%CI: -1.26, -0.03, p < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with psoriasis vulgaris, RBP-4 levels are elevated, and systematic treatment can lower these levels. RBP-4 might act as a key indicator for the diagnosis, efficacy assessment, and comorbidity monitoring of the patients. Further studies with well-designed protocols and enlarged populations are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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de Carvalho Gomes C, Lima MSR, de Oliveira GL, Medeiros I, Xavier HST, dos Santos Pais T, Costa IDS, de Carvalho FMC, Serquiz AC, de Souza Lima MC, de Araújo Morais AH, Passos TS. Nanoparticles Loaded with a Carotenoid-Rich Extract from Cantaloupe Melon Improved Hepatic Retinol Levels in a Diet-Induced Obesity Preclinical Model. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28475-28486. [PMID: 37576634 PMCID: PMC10413461 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of the carotenoid-rich extract from cantaloupe melon (CE) nanoencapsulated in porcine gelatin (EPG) on hepatic retinol concentration and liver damage scores in Wistar rats with obesity induced by high glycemic index and high glycemic load diet (HGLI diet). For 17 days, animals were fed the HGLI diet. They were divided into three groups and treated for 10 days [HGLI diet + water, HGLI diet + CE (12.5 mg/kg), and HGLI diet + EPG (50 mg/kg)]. The groups were evaluated for dietary intake, retinol, weight variation, hematological parameters, fasting glucose, lipid profile, hepatic retinol concentration, AST/ALT ratio, FIB-4 (Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis), and APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index) scores to evaluate the effects on the liver. Animals treated with EPG showed a lower dietary intake (p < 0.05). No significant weight change was detected in the evaluated groups (p > 0.05). The EPG-treated group had significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) of hepatic retinol [266 (45) μg/g] than the untreated group [186 (23.8) μg/g] and the one treated with CE [175 (8.08) μg/g]. Liver damage assessment scores did not show significant differences, but the lowest means were observed in the group treated with EPG. The nanoencapsulation of the extract rich in beta-carotene promoted reduced food consumption and increased hepatic retinol without causing significant changes in liver damage scores. Thus, EPG is a candidate for future clinical studies to evaluate the beneficial effects of treating diseases involving vitamin A deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Carvalho Gomes
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Mayara Santa Rosa Lima
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | | | - Isaiane Medeiros
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana dos Santos Pais
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Izael de Sousa Costa
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Nutrition
Course, Potiguar University, Natal, RN 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Maria Coimbra de Carvalho
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Nutrition
Course, Potiguar University, Natal, RN 59056-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Heloneida de Araújo Morais
- Postgraduate
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Postgraduate
Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Nutrition
Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal
University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Thaís Souza Passos
- Postgraduate
Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Nutrition
Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal
University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
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Wang MX, Peng ZG. 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108428. [PMID: 37116587 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a worldwide epidemic and a major public health problem, with a prevalence of approximately 25%. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex and may be affected by the environment and susceptible genetic factors, resulting in a highly variable disease course and no approved drugs in the clinic. Notably, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 13 (HSD17B13), which belongs to the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase superfamily (HSD17Bs), is closely related to the clinical outcome of liver disease. HSD17Bs consists of fifteen members, most related to steroid and lipid metabolism, and may have the same biological function as HSD17B13. In this review, we highlight recent advances in basic research on the functional activities, major substrates, and key roles of HSD17Bs in the progression of NAFLD to develop innovative anti-NAFLD drugs targeting HSD17Bs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xi Wang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Zong-Gen Peng
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, The National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Brzecka A, Martynowicz H, Daroszewski C, Majchrzak M, Ejma M, Misiuk-Hojło M, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Kosacka M. The Modulation of Adipokines, Adipomyokines, and Sleep Disorders on Carcinogenesis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072655. [PMID: 37048738 PMCID: PMC10094938 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and sarcopenia, i.e., decreased skeletal muscle mass and function, are global health challenges. Moreover, people with obesity and sedentary lifestyles often have sleep disorders. Despite the potential associations, metabolic disturbances linking obesity, sarcopenia, and sleep disorders with cancer are neither well-defined nor understood fully. Abnormal levels of adipokines and adipomyokines originating from both adipose tissue and skeletal muscles are observed in some patients with obesity, sarcopenia and sleep disorders, as well as in cancer patients. This warrants investigation with respect to carcinogenesis. Adipokines and adipomyokines may exert either pro-carcinogenic or anti-carcinogenic effects. These factors, acting independently or together, may significantly modulate the incidence and progression of cancer. This review indicates that one of the possible pathways influencing the development of cancer may be the mutual relationship between obesity and/or sarcopenia, sleep quantity and quality, and adipokines/adipomyokines excretion. Taking into account the high proportion of persons with obesity and sedentary lifestyles, as well as the associations of these conditions with sleep disturbances, more attention should be paid to the individual and combined effects on cancer pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cyryl Daroszewski
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Majchrzak
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, Grabiszyńska105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Misiuk-Hojło
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Siva G. Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street, Salem, WV 26426, USA
| | - Cecil E. Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street, Salem, WV 26426, USA
| | - Monika Kosacka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
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22
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Wu Y, Huang T, Li X, Shen C, Ren H, Wang H, Wu T, Fu X, Deng S, Feng Z, Xiong S, Li H, Gao S, Yang Z, Gao F, Dong L, Cheng J, Cai W. Retinol dehydrogenase 10 reduction mediated retinol metabolism disorder promotes diabetic cardiomyopathy in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1181. [PMID: 36864033 PMCID: PMC9981688 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a primary myocardial injury induced by diabetes with complex pathogenesis. In this study, we identify disordered cardiac retinol metabolism in type 2 diabetic male mice and patients characterized by retinol overload, all-trans retinoic acid deficiency. By supplementing type 2 diabetic male mice with retinol or all-trans retinoic acid, we demonstrate that both cardiac retinol overload and all-trans retinoic acid deficiency promote diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mechanistically, by constructing cardiomyocyte-specific conditional retinol dehydrogenase 10-knockout male mice and overexpressing retinol dehydrogenase 10 in male type 2 diabetic mice via adeno-associated virus, we verify that the reduction in cardiac retinol dehydrogenase 10 is the initiating factor for cardiac retinol metabolism disorder and results in diabetic cardiomyopathy through lipotoxicity and ferroptosis. Therefore, we suggest that the reduction of cardiac retinol dehydrogenase 10 and its mediated disorder of cardiac retinol metabolism is a new mechanism underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandi Wu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Tongsheng Huang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Conghui Shen
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Honglin Ren
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Teng Wu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinlu Fu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijie Deng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqi Feng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijie Xiong
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Saifei Gao
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Durbrain Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lele Dong
- Durbrain Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianding Cheng
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Weibin Cai
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China.
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23
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Lőrincz H, Ratku B, Csiha S, Seres I, Szabó Z, Paragh G, Harangi M, Somodi S. Impaired Organokine Regulation in Non-Diabetic Obese Subjects: Halfway to the Cardiometabolic Danger Zone. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044115. [PMID: 36835525 PMCID: PMC9963515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered organokine expression contributes to increased cardiometabolic risk in obesity. Our aim was to evaluate the associations of serum afamin with glucose homeostasis, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and other adipokines in severe obesity to clarify the early metabolic alterations. 106 non-diabetic obese (NDO) subjects and 62 obese patients with type 2 diabetes matched for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were enrolled in this study. We compared their data with 49 healthy, lean controls. Serum afamin and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), as well as plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), were measured with ELISA, and lipoprotein subfractions were analyzed using Lipoprint gel electrophoresis. Afamin and PAI-1 found to be significantly higher in the NDO and T2M group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) than in the controls. In contrast, RBP4 was unexpectedly lower in the NDO and T2DM group compared to controls (p < 0.001). Afamin showed negative correlations with mean LDL size and RBP4, but positive correlations with anthropometric, glucose/lipid parameters, and PAI-1 in both the overall patients and the in NDO + T2DM groups. BMI, glucose, intermediate HDL, and small HDL were predictors of afamin. Afamin may serve as a biomarker for the severity of cardiometabolic disturbances in obesity. The complexity of organokine patterns in NDO subjects draws attention to the diverse spectrum of obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajnalka Lőrincz
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balázs Ratku
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sára Csiha
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Seres
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Paragh
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mariann Harangi
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Somodi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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24
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Vaz-Rodrigues R, Mazuecos L, Villar M, Urra JM, Gortázar C, de la Fuente J. Serum biomarkers for nutritional status as predictors in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. J Funct Foods 2023; 101:105412. [PMID: 36644001 PMCID: PMC9829648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize serum protein biomarkers for nutritional status that may be used as predictors for disease symptomatology in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. In pre-vaccine cohorts, proteomics analysis revealed significant differences between groups, with serum proteins alpha-1-acid glycoproteins (AGPs) 1 and 2, C-reactive protein (CRP) and retinol binding protein (RBP) increasing with COVID-19 severity, in contrast with serum albumin, transthyretin (TTR) and serotransferrin (TF) reduction as the symptomatology increased. Immunoassay reproduced and validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin and RBP. In post-vaccine cohorts, the results showed the same pattern as in pre-vaccine cohorts for serum proteins AGPs, CRP, albumin and TTR. However, TF levels were similar between groups and RBP presented a slight reduction as COVID-19 symptomatology increased. In these cohorts, immunoassay validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin, TTR and TF. Additionally, immune response to α-Gal in pre-vaccine cohorts varied in predominant immunoglobulin type profile, while post-vaccine groups presented mainly anti-α-Gal protective IgG antibodies. The study identified serum nutritional biomarkers that could potentially predict an accurate prognostic of COVID-19 disease to provide an appropriate nutritional care and guidance in non-vaccinated and vaccinated individuals against SARS-CoV-2. These results highlight the importance of designing personalized nutrition protocols to improve diet along with the application of prebiotics or probiotics for the control of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Vaz-Rodrigues
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Lorena Mazuecos
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Margarita Villar
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain,Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies, and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Miguel Urra
- Immunology, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain,Medicine School, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha (UCLM), 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Christian Gortázar
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA,Corresponding author at: SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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25
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Urinary Markers of Tubular Injury and Renal Fibrosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Different Phenotypes of Chronic Kidney Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020343. [PMID: 36836700 PMCID: PMC9961033 DOI: 10.3390/life13020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the urinary excretion of markers and mediators of tubular injury and renal fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-albuminuric and albuminuric patterns of chronic kidney disease (CKD). One hundred and forty patients with long-term T2D and different patterns of CKD and twenty non-diabetic individuals were included. Urinary retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4), glutathione-S-transferase α1 and π (GST-α1 and GST-π), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), type I and type IV collagen (Col1 and Col4), bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP-7), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were assessed by ELISA. Patients with T2D demonstrated increased urinary excretion of RBP-4, GST-π, Col4, BMP-7, and HGF (all p < 0.05 vs. control). The excretion of RBP-4, GST-π, Col1, and Col4 was increased in patients with elevated albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR; all p < 0.05 vs. control), while BMP-7 and HGF were increased innormoalbuminuric patients also (p < 0.05). Urinary RBP-4, GST-α1, Col1, Col4, and HGF correlated positively with UACR; meanwhile, no correlations with glomerular filtration rate were found. The results demonstrate that elevated urinary excretions of the markers of tubular injury (RBP-4, GST-π) and renal fibrosis (Col1, Col4), as well as HGF, an antifibrotic regulator, are associated with the albuminuric pattern of CKD in subjects with T2D.
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26
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Varshney R, Das S, Trahan GD, Farriester JW, Mullen GP, Kyere-Davies G, Presby DM, Houck JA, Webb PG, Dzieciatkowska M, Jones KL, Rodeheffer MS, Friedman JE, MacLean PS, Rudolph MC. Neonatal intake of Omega-3 fatty acids enhances lipid oxidation in adipocyte precursors. iScience 2023; 26:105750. [PMID: 36590177 PMCID: PMC9800552 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing metabolic programming begins during fetal and postnatal development, and early-life lipid exposures play a critical role during neonatal adipogenesis. We define how neonatal consumption of a low omega-6 to -3 fatty acid ratio (n6/n3 FA ratio) establishes FA oxidation in adipocyte precursor cells (APCs) before they become adipocytes. In vivo, APCs isolated from mouse pups exposed to the low n6/n3 FA ratio had superior FA oxidation capacity, elevated beige adipocyte mRNAs Ppargc1α, Ucp2, and Runx1, and increased nuclear receptor NR2F2 protein. In vitro, APC treatment with NR2F2 ligand-induced beige adipocyte mRNAs and increased mitochondrial potential but not mass. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed low n6/n3 FA ratio yielded more mitochondrial-high APCs and linked APC NR2F2 levels with beige adipocyte signatures and FA oxidation. Establishing beige adipogenesis is of clinical relevance, because fat depots with energetically active, smaller, and more numerous adipocytes improve metabolism and delay metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Varshney
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Snehasis Das
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - G. Devon Trahan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jacob W. Farriester
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Gregory P. Mullen
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Gertrude Kyere-Davies
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - David M. Presby
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Julie A. Houck
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Patricia G. Webb
- Department of Reproductive Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Jones
- Department of Cell Biology and Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Matthew S. Rodeheffer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Paul S. MacLean
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael C. Rudolph
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Department of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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27
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Liao J, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zeng Y, Zhao J, Zhang J, Yao T, Li H, Shen X, Wu G, Zhang W. Different software processing affects the peak picking and metabolic pathway recognition of metabolomics data. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1687:463700. [PMID: 36508769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In untargeted liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC‒MS) metabolomics studies, data preprocessing and metabolic pathway recognition are crucial for screening important pathways that are disturbed by diseases or restored by drugs. Here, we collected high-resolution mass spectrometry data of serum samples from 221 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients under two different chromatographic columns (BEH amide and C18 column) and evaluated the three commonly used software programs (XCMS, Progenesis QI, MarkerView) from four aspects (including signal drift, peak number, metabolite annotation and metabolic pathway enrichment). The results showed that the data preprocessed by the three software programs have different degrees of signal drift, but the StatTarget could improve the data quality to meet the data analysis requirement after correction. In addition, XCMS surpassed other software in detection of real chromatographic peaks and Progenesis QI was the best performer in terms of the number of metabolite annotation. XCMS and Progenesis QI showed different performance in pathway enrichment. However, metabolic pathways based on the combination of XCMS and Progenesis QI had a high coincidence with Progenesis QI. In addition, we also reported that C18 and amide columns were highly complementary and have great potential for cooperation in the context of metabolic pathways. In this study, the effects of different chromatographic columns and software pretreatments on metabolomics data were evaluated based on clinical large cohort samples, which will provide a reference for the metabolomics of clinical samples and guide subsequent mechanistic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Liao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wendan Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jingfang Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tingting Yao
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoxu Shen
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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28
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Manolis AA, Manolis T, Melita H, Manolis AS. Role of Vitamins in Cardiovascular Health: Know Your Facts - Part 1. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2023; 21:378-398. [PMID: 37702241 DOI: 10.2174/1570161121666230912155548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, thus it is important to adopt preventive interventions. Observational data demonstrating CV benefits of vitamin supplements, advanced by self-proclaimed experts have resulted in ~50% of Americans reporting the use of multivitamins for health promotion; this practice has led to a multi-billion-dollar business of the multivitamin-industry. However, the data on the extensive use of multivitamins show no consistent benefit for CVD prevention or all-cause mortality, while the use of certain vitamins might prove harmful. Thus, the focus of this two-part review is on the attributes or concerns about specific vitamins on CVD. In Part 1, the CV effects of specific vitamins are discussed, indicating the need for further supportive evidence of potential benefits. Vitamin A preserves CV homeostasis as it participates in many biologic functions, including atherosclerosis. However, supplementation could potentially be harmful. Betacarotene, a pro-vitamin A, conveys pro-oxidant actions that may mitigate any other benefits. Folic acid alone and certain B-vitamins (e.g., B1/B2/B6/B12) may reduce CVD, heart failure, and/or stroke, while niacin might increase mortality. Vitamin C has antioxidant and cardioprotective effects. Vitamin D may confer CV protection, but all the data are not in agreement. Combined vitamin E and C have antiatherogenic effects but clinical evidence is inconsistent. Vitamin K seems neutral. Thus, there are individual vitamin actions with favorable CV impact (certain B-vitamins and vitamins C and D), but other vitamins (β-carotene, niacin) may potentially have deleterious effects, which also holds true for high doses of fat-soluble vitamins (A/D/E/K).
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29
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Huang D, Qian X, Chen J, Peng Y, Zhu Y. Factors and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin A and Childhood Obesity Relationship: A Review. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2023; 69:157-163. [PMID: 37394420 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.69.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has become a public health concern. As the importance of vitamin A (VA) in the body has become increasingly acknowledged, there is limited clinical trial evidence to substantiate the association between VA and childhood obesity. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) increases the risk of childhood obesity, a finding consistently reported in pregnant women. VA could regulate the adipogenic process, inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolism-related gene expression in mature adipocytes. VAD disrupts the balance of obesity-related metabolism, thus affecting lipid metabolism and insulin regulation. Conversely, VA supplementation has a major impact on efficacy in obesity, and obese individuals typically have a lower VA status than normal-weight individuals. Several studies have attempted to identify the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the association between VA and obesity. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent new developments focusing on retinol, retinoic acid, and RBP4 and elucidate and provide an overview of the complex interrelationships between these critical components of VA and childhood obesity. However, the causal relationship between VA status and childhood obesity remains unclear. It is also unknown whether VA supplementation improves the overall obesogenic metabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital)
| | - Xia Qian
- Department of Child Health Care, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital)
| | - Jinqing Chen
- Department of Child Health Care, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital)
| | - Yating Peng
- Department of Child Health Care, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital)
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Department of Child Health Care, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital)
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Liu M, Yang C, Xu X, Ji S, Pan Y, Han N, Chang S, Sun G. The prognostic value of retinol binding protein in geriatric hip fractures after surgeries: A propensity score matching and 1-year follow-up study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1085. [PMID: 36510169 PMCID: PMC9743574 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-06068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the predictive value of retinol binding protein (RBP) for outcomes of hip fractures. METHODS Patients with hip fractures who underwent hip surgeries between December 2017 and February 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Propensity score matching was used to reduce the bias of co-factors and ROC curves based on matched populations were created to determine the optimal cutoff point of RBP. The outcomes between patients with low levels of RBP and high levels of RBP were compared. RESULTS Four hundred eighty patients were enrolled in this study and 69 patients died within one year. After a 1:1 PSM, patients with more than 1-year survival had significantly higher RBP (p = 0.013) than those who died within one year, as well as patients divided by 6-months survival (p = 0.012). Logistics analysis showed that low RBP may be an independent risk factor for 3-month survival, 6-month survival, 1-year survival, and 3-month free walking ability. CONCLUSION RBP may be associated with the survival and 3-month walking abilities of patients with hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchong Liu
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Chensong Yang
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Xian Xu
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Shengchao Ji
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yutao Pan
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Ning Han
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Shimin Chang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Guixin Sun
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
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Sharma A, Lulu C, Song KH, Lee HJ. Differences in health behavior and nutrient intake status between diabetes-aware and unaware Korean adults based on the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2016-18 data: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1005369. [PMID: 36408042 PMCID: PMC9669760 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1005369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional intakes and treatment regimens of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes who were aware of their condition. Methods Participants (n = 16582) aged ≥ 19 years from the 2016-18 National Health and Nutrition Survey were divided into diabetes-aware and unaware groups and the variables were compared. Results Among 1,906 (11.5%) diabetic adults, 1,433 (75.2%) were aware of their condition; 130 (9.1%) had nutrition education, and 1,340 (93.5%) were in the diabetes-aware treatment group. The diabetes-aware group had higher average age (P < 0.0001) and lower average BMI (P = 0.0015) than the unaware group. Intake of total fat (P = 0.0034), saturated fatty acids (P = 0.0021), riboflavin (P = 0.0035) and niacin (P = 0.0228) was significantly higher in the unaware group than in the diabetes-aware group, after adjusting energy intake for age and sex. Current smoking (P = 0.0046) and heavy drinking (P < 0.0001) rates were higher in the unaware group, whereas fiber intake (P = 0.0054) was lower in the unaware group. Higher levels of glycated hemoglobin were found in the group treated for diabetes (7.2%) than in the no-treatment (6.8%) group (P = 0.0048). Diabetes control was significantly better in the high income group. Conclusions There is a need to strengthen nutritional education to prevent diabetes and improve the health status of diabetic patients in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Sharma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Chen Lulu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea,Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea,*Correspondence: Hae-Jeung Lee ;
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Hu L, Zhang Y, Wang J, Xuan J, Yang J, Wang J, Wei B. A Prognostic Model for In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Pneumonia. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:6441-6450. [PMID: 36349215 PMCID: PMC9637337 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s377411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the utility of a novel serum biomarker for the outcome prediction of critically ill patients with pneumonia. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis of critically ill patients was performed at an emergency department. The expression and prediction value of parameters were assessed. Binary logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the indicators associated with in-hospital mortality of pneumonia patients. The Last Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator was used to further determine the independent predictors, which were validated by multiple logistic regression. The receiver operator characteristic curve was performed to assess their prediction values. A prognostic nomogram model was finally established for the outcome prediction for critically ill patients with pneumonia. Results Retinol-binding protein (RBP) was significantly reduced in non-survived and pneumonia patients. CURB-65 score, levels of RBP, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were associated with in-hospital mortality of critically ill patients with pneumonia. Their combination was determined to be an ideal prognostic predictor (area under the curve of 0.762) and further developed into a nomogram prediction model (c-index 0.764). Conclusion RBP is a novel in-hospital mortality predictor, which well supplements the CURB-65 score for critical pneumonia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Hu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingchao Xuan
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Junyu Wang; Bing Wei, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Branch, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing, 100043, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Bing Wei
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Clinical Center for Medicine in Acute Infection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Tian K, Chen G. Replenishment of vitamin A for 7 days partially restored hepatic gene expressions altered by its deficiency in rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:999323. [PMID: 36276822 PMCID: PMC9583942 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.999323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of vitamin A (VA) status on metabolism of Zucker rats with different genders and genotypes, and of short-term refeeding of a VA sufficient (VAS) diet on VA deficient (VAD) animals. First, male and female Zucker lean (ZL) and fatty (ZF) rats at weaning were fed a VAD or VAS diet for 8 weeks. Second, male VAD ZL rats were fed a VAS diet for 3 (VAD-VAS3d) or 7 (VAD-VAS7d) days. The body weight (BW), blood parameters, and hepatic expressions of genes for metabolism were determined. VA deficiency reduced BW gain in ZL and ZF rats of either gender. VAD ZL rats had lower plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin levels than VAS ZL rats. VAD-VAS3d and VAD-VAS7d rats had higher plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin levels than that in the VAD rats. The hepatic mRNA levels of Gck, Cyp26a1, Srebp-1c, Igf1, Rarb, Rxra, Rxrg, Pparg, and Ppard were lowered by VA deficiency. Refeeding of the VAS diet for 3 days restored the Gck and Cyp26a1 expressions, and for 7 days restored the Gck, Cyp26a1, Igf1, and Rxrb expressions significantly. The 7-day VA replenishment partially restored the hepatic gene expressions and metabolic changes in VAD ZL rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kui Tian
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Yadav AS, Isoherranen N, Rubinow KB. Vitamin A homeostasis and cardiometabolic disease in humans: lost in translation? J Mol Endocrinol 2022; 69:R95-R108. [PMID: 35900842 PMCID: PMC9534526 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential, fat-soluble vitamin that plays critical roles in embryonic development, vision, immunity, and reproduction. Severe vitamin A deficiency results in profound embryonic dysgenesis, blindness, and infertility. The roles of bioactive vitamin A metabolites in regulating cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, and immune cell function form the basis of their clinical use in the treatment of dermatologic conditions and hematologic malignancies. Increasingly, vitamin A also has been recognized to play important roles in cardiometabolic health, including the regulation of adipogenesis, energy partitioning, and lipoprotein metabolism. While these roles are strongly supported by animal and in vitro studies, they remain poorly understood in human physiology and disease. This review briefly introduces vitamin A biology and presents the key preclinical data that have generated interest in vitamin A as a mediator of cardiometabolic health. The review also summarizes clinical studies performed to date, highlighting the limitations of many of these studies and the ongoing controversies in the field. Finally, additional perspectives are suggested that may help position vitamin A metabolism within a broader biological context and thereby contribute to enhanced understanding of vitamin A's complex roles in clinical cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aprajita S Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nina Isoherranen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Katya B Rubinow
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Su L, He J, Liu Z, Wu S, Chen P, Li K, Fang A. Dietary Total Vitamin A, β-carotene, and Retinol Intake and the Risk of Diabetes in Chinese Adults with Plant-based Diets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e4106-e4114. [PMID: 35868629 PMCID: PMC9757533 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiologic evidence regarding the role of dietary vitamin A in the development of diabetes is limited and inconsistent. This study was to explore the association between vitamin A intake and diabetes risk in Chinese adults. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted among 17 111 adults (8537 men and 8577 women) who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 1989 and 2015. Dietary intakes were assessed by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Diabetes was determined by self-reported diagnosis, diabetes medication use, or additional criterion in 2009 of fasting blood glucose or hemoglobin A1c. We analyzed the association of vitamin A intake (total, β-carotene, retinol) with diabetes risk using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 519 men and 531 women developed diabetes during a median of 11 years of follow-up. Higher dietary total vitamin A intakes were associated with a lower risk of diabetes in both men (quintile 5 [Q5] vs Q1: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.49-0.97, P-trend = 0.079) and women (Q5 vs Q1: HR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.89; P-trend = 0.039). An inverse relation with diabetes risk was observed for dietary intakes of β-carotene (Q5 vs Q1: HR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.97) and retinol (Q5 vs Q1: HR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39-0.85) among men, but not women. Dose-response analyses showed the association of dietary intakes of total vitamin A, β-carotene, and retinol with diabetes risk in men was L-shaped (P-nonlinearity = 0.043), reverse J-shaped (P-nonlinearity = 0.001), and linear, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that adequate intake of vitamin A may help protecting against diabetes, especially for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Su
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shangling Wu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Peiyan Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Keji Li
- Keji Li, MD, PhD, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Aiping Fang
- Correspondence: Aiping Fang, MBBS, PhD, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China.
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Schiborn C, Weber D, Grune T, Biemann R, Jäger S, Neu N, Müller von Blumencron M, Fritsche A, Weikert C, Schulze MB, Wittenbecher C. Retinol and Retinol Binding Protein 4 Levels and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk. Circ Res 2022; 131:637-649. [PMID: 36017698 PMCID: PMC9473720 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite mechanistic studies linking retinol and RBP4 (retinol binding protein 4) to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), epidemiological evidence is still conflicting. We investigated whether conflicting results of previous studies may be explained by differences in the association of retinol and RBP4 with cardiometabolic risk across subgroups with distinct sex, hypertension state, liver, or kidney function. METHODS We used case-cohorts nested in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition)-Potsdam cohort (N=27 548) comprising a random sample of participants (n=2500) and all physician-verified cases of incident CVD (n=508, median follow-up time 8.2 years) and T2D (n=820, median follow-up time 6.3 years). We estimated nonlinear and linear multivariable-adjusted associations between the biomarkers and cardiometabolic diseases by restricted cubic splines and Cox regression, respectively, testing potential interactions with hypertension, liver, and kidney function. Additionally, we performed 2-sample Mendelian Randomization analyses in publicly available data. RESULTS The association of retinol with cardiometabolic risk was modified by hypertension state (P interaction CVD<0.001; P interaction T2D<0.001). Retinol was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in participants with treated hypertension (hazard ratioper SD [95% CI]: CVD, 0.71 [0.56-0.90]; T2D, 0.81 [0.70-0.94]) but with higher cardiometabolic risk in normotensive participants (CVD, 1.32 [1.06-1.64]; T2D, 1.15 [0.98-1.36]). Our analyses also indicated a significant interaction between RBP4 and hypertension on CVD risk (P interaction=0.04). Regarding T2D risk, we observed a u-shaped association with RBP4 in women (P nonlinearity=0.01, P effect=0.02) and no statistically significant association in men. The biomarkers' interactions with liver or kidney function were not statistically significant. Hypertension state-specific associations for retinol concentrations with cardiovascular mortality risk were replicated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a hypertension-dependent relationship between plasma retinol and cardiometabolic risk and complex interactions of RBP4 with sex and hypertension on cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Schiborn
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany (C.S., S.J., A.F., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher)
| | - Daniela Weber
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher)
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany (T.G.)
| | - Ronald Biemann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Germany (R.B.)
| | - Susanne Jäger
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany (C.S., S.J., A.F., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher)
| | - Natascha Neu
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher)
| | - Marie Müller von Blumencron
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher)
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany (C.S., S.J., A.F., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Germany (A.F.).,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany (A.F.)
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany (C. Weikert)
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany (C.S., S.J., A.F., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany (C. Weikert)
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany (C.S., D.W., T.G., S.J., N.N., M.M.v.B., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany (C.S., S.J., A.F., M.B.S., C. Wittenbecher).,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (C. Wittenbecher).,Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden (C. Wittenbecher)
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Thirunavukarasu AJ, Ross AC, Gilbert RM. Vitamin A, systemic T-cells, and the eye: Focus on degenerative retinal disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:914457. [PMID: 35923205 PMCID: PMC9339908 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.914457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The first discovered vitamin, vitamin A, exists in a range of forms, primarily retinoids and provitamin carotenoids. The bioactive forms of vitamin A, retinol and retinoic acid, have many critical functions in body systems including the eye and immune system. Vitamin A deficiency is associated with dysfunctional immunity, and presents clinically as a characteristic ocular syndrome, xerophthalmia. The immune functions of vitamin A extend to the gut, where microbiome interactions and nutritional retinoids and carotenoids contribute to the balance of T cell differentiation, thereby determining immune status and contributing to inflammatory disease around the whole body. In the eye, degenerative conditions affecting the retina and uvea are influenced by vitamin A. Stargardt's disease (STGD1; MIM 248200) is characterised by bisretinoid deposits such as lipofuscin, produced by retinal photoreceptors as they use and recycle a vitamin A-derived chromophore. Age-related macular degeneration features comparable retinal deposits, such as drusen featuring lipofuscin accumulation; and is characterised by parainflammatory processes. We hypothesise that local parainflammatory processes secondary to lipofuscin deposition in the retina are mediated by T cells interacting with dietary vitamin A derivatives and the gut microbiome, and outline the current evidence for this. No cures exist for Stargardt's or age-related macular degeneration, but many vitamin A-based therapeutic approaches have been or are being trialled. The relationship between vitamin A's functions in systemic immunology and the eye could be further exploited, and further research may seek to leverage the interactions of the gut-eye immunological axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun J. Thirunavukarasu
- Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A. Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Rose M. Gilbert
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
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Dietary and Antioxidant Vitamins Limit the DNA Damage Mediated by Oxidative Stress in the Mother-Newborn Binomial. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12071012. [PMID: 35888100 PMCID: PMC9323630 DOI: 10.3390/life12071012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, appropriate nutritional support is necessary for the development of the foetus. Maternal nutrition might protect the foetus from toxic agents such as free radicals due to its antioxidant content. In this study, 90 mothers and their children were recruited. DNA damage mediated by oxidative stress (OS) was determined by the levels of 8-hidroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the plasma of women and umbilical cord blood. The mothers and newborns were categorised into tertiles according to their 8-OHdG levels for further comparison. No relevant clinical differences were observed in each group. A strong correlation was observed in the mother−newborn binomial for 8-OHdG levels (Rho = 0.694, p < 0.001). In the binomial, a lower level of 8-OHdG was associated with higher consumption of calories, carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamin A (p < 0.05). In addition, the levels of 8-OHdG were only significantly lower in newborns from mothers with a higher consumption of vitamin A and E (p < 0.01). These findings were confirmed by a significant negative correlation between the 8-OHdG levels of newborns and the maternal consumption of vitamins A and E, but not C (Rho = −0.445 (p < 0.001), −0.281 (p = 0.007), and −0.120 (p = 0.257), respectively). Multiple regression analysis showed that the 8-OHdG levels in mothers and newborns inversely correlated with vitamin A (β = −1.26 (p = 0.016) and −2.17 (p < 0.001), respectively) and pregestational body mass index (β = −1.04 (p = 0.007) and −0.977 (p = 0.008), respectively). In conclusion, maternal consumption of vitamins A and E, but not C, might protect newborns from DNA damage mediated by OS.
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Flores-Cortez YA, Barragán-Bonilla MI, Mendoza-Bello JM, GonzÁlez-Calixto C, Flores-Alfaro E, Espinoza-Rojo M. Interplay of retinol binding protein 4 with obesity and associated chronic alterations (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:244. [PMID: 35656886 PMCID: PMC9185696 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease, defined as excessive fat deposition in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is responsible for the production and secretion of numerous adipokines that induce metabolic disorders. Retinol‑binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine that transports vitamin A or retinol in the blood. High levels of RBP4 are associated with development of metabolic disease, including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes the role of RBP4 in obesity and associated chronic alterations. Excessive synthesis of RBP4 contributes to inflammatory characteristic of obesity by activation of immune cells and release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα and ILs, via the Toll‑like receptor/JNK pathway. The retinol‑RBP4 complex inhibits insulin signaling directly in adipocytes by activating Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT5/suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 signaling. This mechanism is retinol‑dependent and requires vitamin A receptor stimulation by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6). In muscle, RBP4 is associated with increased serine 307 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate‑1, which decreases its affinity to PI3K and promotes IR. In the liver, RBP4 increases hepatic expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, which increases production of glucose. Elevated serum RBP4 levels are associated with β‑cell dysfunction in T2D via the STRA6/JAK2/STAT1/insulin gene enhancer protein 1 pathway. By contrast, RBP4 induces endothelial inflammation via the NF‑κB/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase pathway independently of retinol and STRA6, which stimulates expression of proinflammatory molecules, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, E‑selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and TNFα. RBP4 promotes oxidative stress by decreasing endothelial mitochondrial function; overall, it may serve as a useful biomarker in the diagnosis of obesity and prognosis of associated disease, as well as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaccil Adilene Flores-Cortez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genomic, Faculty of Biological Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, Mexico
| | - Martha I. Barragán-Bonilla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genomic, Faculty of Biological Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, Mexico
| | - Juan M. Mendoza-Bello
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genomic, Faculty of Biological Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, Mexico
| | | | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, Mexico
| | - Mónica Espinoza-Rojo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genomic, Faculty of Biological Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, Mexico
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Yang HY, Liu M, Sheng Y, Zhu L, Jin MM, Jiang TX, Yang L, Liu PH, Liu XD, Liu L. All-trans retinoic acid impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by activating the RXR/SREBP-1c/UCP2 pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1441-1452. [PMID: 34417575 PMCID: PMC9160277 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is often associated with vitamin A disorders. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the main active constituent of vitamin A. We aimed to investigate whether ATRA influences diabetic progression and its mechanisms using both Goto-Kazizazi (GK) rats and INS-1 cells. Rat experiments demonstrated that ATRA treatment worsened diabetes symptoms, as evidenced by an increase in fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and impairment of glucose homeostasis. Importantly, ATRA impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and increased the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the rat pancreas. Data from INS-1 cells also showed that ATRA upregulated SREBP-1c and UCP2 expression and impaired GSIS at 23 mM glucose. Srebp-1c or Ucp2 silencing attenuated GSIS impairment by reversing the ATRA-induced increase in UCP2 expression and decrease in ATP content. ATRA and the retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists 9-cis RA and LG100268 induced the gene expression of Srebp-1c, which was almost completely abolished by the RXR antagonist HX531. RXRα-LBD luciferase reporter plasmid experiments also demonstrated that ATRA concentration-dependently activated RXRα, the EC50 of which was 1.37 μM, which was lower than the ATRA concentration in the pancreas of GK rats treated with a high dose of ATRA (approximately 3 μM), inferring that ATRA can upregulate Srebp-1c expression in the pancreas by activating RXR. In conclusion, ATRA impaired GSIS partly by activating the RXR/SREBP-1c/UCP2 pathway, thus worsening diabetic symptoms. The results highlight the roles of ATRA in diabetic progression and establish new strategies for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-yu Yang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Ming Liu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yun Sheng
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Liang Zhu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Meng-meng Jin
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Tian-xin Jiang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Lu Yang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Pei-hua Liu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xiao-dong Liu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Li Liu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
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Significantly Reduced Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) Levels in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102007. [PMID: 35631143 PMCID: PMC9147114 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The disease causes respiratory failure in some individuals accompanied by marked hyperinflammation. Vitamin A (syn. retinol) can exist in the body in the storage form as retinyl ester, or in the transcriptionally active form as retinoic acid. The main function of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), synthesized in the liver, is to transport hydrophobic vitamin A to various tissues. Vitamin A has an important role in the innate and acquired immune system. In particular, it is involved in the repair of lung tissue after infections. In viral respiratory diseases such as influenza pneumonia, vitamin A supplementation has been shown to reduce mortality in animal models. In critically ill COVID-19 patients, a significant decrease in plasma vitamin A levels and an association with increased mortality have been observed. However, there is no evidence on RBP4 in relation to COVID-19. This prospective, multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study examined RBP4 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and vitamin A plasma levels (high-performance liquid chromatography) in COVID-19 patients, including 59 hospitalized patients. Of these, 19 developed critical illness (ARDS/ECMO), 20 developed severe illness (oxygenation disorder), and 20 developed moderate illness (no oxygenation disorder). Twenty age-matched convalescent patients following SARS-CoV-2 infection, were used as a control group. Reduced RBP4 plasma levels significantly correlated with impaired liver function and elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, lymphocytopenia). RBP4 levels were decreased in hospitalized patients with critical illness compared to nonpatients (p < 0.01). In comparison, significantly lower vitamin A levels were detected in hospitalized patients regardless of disease severity. Overall, we conclude that RBP4 plasma levels are significantly reduced in critically ill COVID-19 patients during acute inflammation, and vitamin A levels are significantly reduced in patients with moderate/severe/critical illness during the acute phase of illness.
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Frudd K, Sivaprasad S, Raman R, Krishnakumar S, Revathy YR, Turowski P. Diagnostic circulating biomarkers to detect vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy: Potential screening tool of the future? Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e648-e668. [PMID: 34269526 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of diabetes in developing and developed countries, the socio-economic burden of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading complication of diabetes, is growing. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is currently one of the leading causes of blindness in working-age adults worldwide. Robust methodologies exist to detect and monitor DR; however, these rely on specialist imaging techniques and qualified practitioners. This makes detecting and monitoring DR expensive and time-consuming, which is particularly problematic in developing countries where many patients will be remote and have little contact with specialist medical centres. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is largely asymptomatic until late in the pathology. Therefore, early identification and stratification of vision-threatening DR (VTDR) is highly desirable and will ameliorate the global impact of this disease. A simple, reliable and more cost-effective test would greatly assist in decreasing the burden of DR around the world. Here, we evaluate and review data on circulating protein biomarkers, which have been verified in the context of DR. We also discuss the challenges and developments necessary to translate these promising data into clinically useful assays, to detect VTDR, and their potential integration into simple point-of-care testing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Frudd
- Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London UK
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London UK
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre Moorfields Eye Hospital London UK
| | - Rajiv Raman
- Vision Research Foundation Sankara Nethralaya Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | | | | | - Patric Turowski
- Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London UK
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Zhou Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Xu X, Li F, Zhou J, Shan T, Huang R, Cai T, Liu X, Su X, Li H, Ma J. Comparative Evaluation of Chiglitazar and Sitagliptin on the Levels of Retinol-Binding Protein 4 and Its Correlation With Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:801271. [PMID: 35547000 PMCID: PMC9081976 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.801271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims We evaluated the efficacy and significant changes in the levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with chiglitazar versus sitagliptin. Methods Eighty-one T2DM patients with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 7.5%-10.0% were selected. Based on the study criteria, patients were randomly assigned to receive chiglitazar (32 mg), chiglitazar (48 mg), or sitagliptin (100 mg) orally for 24 weeks. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, lipid profiles, glucose profiles, and serum RBP-4 levels were determined at baseline and at the end of the therapy. Results After treatment for 24 weeks, significant changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (Fins), 2 h-blood glucose (2h-BG), the score values of insulin resistance/insulin secretion/β cell function (HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, and HOMA-β), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and RBP-4 levels were detected in patients with chiglitazar administration and sitagliptin administration. Changes in RBP-4 levels were positively correlated with changes in HOMA-IR and 2 h-BG in linear regression. Conclusions Chiglitazar showed a greater improvement in parameters of diabetes than sitagliptin, and changes in serum RBP-4 levels were associated with changes in insulin-sensitizing parameters. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, CT.gov identifier: NCT02173457.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengfei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junming Zhou
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Shan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Napoli JL. Retinoic Acid: Sexually Dimorphic, Anti-Insulin and Concentration-Dependent Effects on Energy. Nutrients 2022; 14:1553. [PMID: 35458115 PMCID: PMC9027308 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the fasting vs. re-feeding effects of retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis and functions, and sexually dimorphic RA actions. It also discusses other understudied topics essential for understanding RA activities-especially interactions with energy-balance-regulating hormones, including insulin and glucagon, and sex hormones. This report will introduce RA homeostasis and hormesis to provide context. Essential context also will encompass RA effects on adiposity, muscle function and pancreatic islet development and maintenance. These comments provide background for explaining interactions among insulin, glucagon and cortisol with RA homeostasis and function. One aim would clarify the often apparent RA contradictions related to pancreagenesis vs. pancreas hormone functions. The discussion also will explore the adverse effects of RA on estrogen action, in contrast to the enhancing effects of estrogen on RA action, the adverse effects of androgens on RA receptors, and the RA induction of androgen biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Napoli
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, The University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
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Wang T, Tang X, Hu X, Wang J, Chen G. Reduction in the Dietary VA Status Prevents Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040528. [PMID: 35454117 PMCID: PMC9032907 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the vitamin A (VA) status regulates type 2 diabetes (T2D) development in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Zucker Lean and ZDF rats at weaning were fed a VA deficient with basal fat (VAD-BF, no VA and 22.1% fat energy), VA marginal with BF (VAM-BF, 0.35 mg retinyl palmitate (RP)/kg), VA sufficient with BF (VAS-BF, 4.0 mg RP/kg), VAD with high fat (VAD-HF, 60% fat energy), VAM-HF or VAS-HF diet for 8 weeks, including an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at week 7.5. The hepatic mRNA and proteins levels were determined using real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. The VAD-BF/HF and VAM-BF/HF diets prevented peripheral hyperglycemia and attenuated obesity in ZDF rats, which occurred in the presence of the VAS-BF/HF diets. This lowered VA status reduced venous blood hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, and improved OGTT and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance results in ZDF rats. The expression levels of key hepatic genes for glucose and fat metabolism were regulated by VA status and dietary fat contents. An interaction between VA and HF condition was also observed. We conclude that the reduction in the dietary VA status in both BF and HF conditions prevents T2D and obesity in ZDF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiannan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xia Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China;
| | - Xinge Hu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.W.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+1-865-974-6257
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Interplay between Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4, Fetuin-A, Retinol Binding Protein 4 and Thyroid Function in Metabolic Dysregulation. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040300. [PMID: 35448487 PMCID: PMC9026429 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Signalling between the tissues integrating synthesis, transformation and utilization of energy substrates and their regulatory hormonal axes play a substantial role in the development of metabolic disorders. Interactions between cytokines, particularly liver derived hepatokines and adipokines, secreted from adipose tissue, constitute one of major areas of current research devoted to metabolic dysregulation. The thyroid exerts crucial influence on the maintenance of basal metabolic rate, thermogenesis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, while its dysfunction promotes the development of metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the interplay between three adipokines: fatty acid binding protein type 4, fetuin-A, retinol binding protein type 4 and thyroid hormones, that shed a new light onto mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, cardiovascular complications, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes accompanying thyroid dysfunction. Furthermore, we summarize clinical findings on those cytokines in the course of thyroid disorders.
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Lu J, Wang D, Ma B, Gai X, Kang X, Wang J, Xiong K. Blood retinol and retinol-binding protein concentrations are associated with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3315-3326. [PMID: 35318493 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The associations between blood retinol, retinol-binding protein (RBP) concentrations and diabetes mellitus were inconsistent in literature. The objective is to investigate these associations by a systematic review and meta-analysis and provide basis for clinical intervention. METHODS PubMed, Web of science, and Cochrane databases were searched from the beginning to July 1, 2021. A total of 13 studies on retinol and 31 studies on RBP are included in the current meta-analysis. RESULTS The blood retinol concentration was significantly lower in the type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) [standardized mean difference (SMD) (95% CI): - 0.59 (- 0.81, - 0.37), P < 0.01] and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients [SMD (95% CI): - 0.54 (- 0.87, - 0.20), P < 0.01] than in the controls. However, the difference was not significant between the type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and the controls. The RBP concentration was significantly higher in the diabetic patients than in the controls [SMD (95% CI): 0.24 (0.12, 0.35), P < 0.01]. Particularly, the RBP concentration was significantly higher in the T2DM and GDM patients. CONCLUSION The blood retinol concentration was negatively associated with T1DM and GDM, while the blood RBP concentration was positively associated with T2DM and GDM. Future work should use a more sensitive retinol measurement method like retinol isotope dilution method to confirm whether blood retinol concentration differs between the diabetes patients and the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Lu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Baolan Ma
- Health Management Center, The 971 Naval Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaochun Gai
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Kang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for quantification of human retinol binding protein 4 in serum. Anal Biochem 2022; 645:114589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhou Y, Liang ZS, Jin Y, Ding J, Huang T, Moore JH, Zheng ZJ, Huang J. Shared Genetic Architecture and Causal Relationship Between Asthma and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Large-Scale Cross-Trait Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 12:775591. [PMID: 35126453 PMCID: PMC8811262 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.775591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence has suggested that there is a positive association between asthma and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), implying a common architecture between them. However, the shared genetic architecture and causality of asthma and CVDs remain unclear. Methods: Based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of recently published studies, our study examined the genetic correlation, shared genetic variants, and causal relationship between asthma (N = 127,669) and CVDs (N = 86,995–521,612). Statistical methods included high-definition likelihood (HDL), cross-trait meta-analyses of large-scale GWAS, transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS), and Mendelian randomization (MR). Results: First, we observed a significant genetic correlation between asthma and heart failure (HF) (Rg = 0.278, P = 5 × 10−4). Through cross-trait analyses, we identified a total of 145 shared loci between asthma and HF. Fifteen novel loci were not previously reported for association with either asthma or HF. Second, we mapped these 145 loci to a total of 99 genes whose expressions are enriched in a broad spectrum of tissues, including the seminal vesicle, tonsil, appendix, spleen, skin, lymph nodes, breast, cervix and uterus, skeletal muscle, small intestine, lung, prostate, cardiac muscle, and liver. TWAS analysis identified five significant genes shared between asthma and HF in tissues from the hemic and immune system, digestive system, integumentary system, and nervous system. GSDMA, GSDMB, and ORMDL3 are statistically independent genetic effects from all shared TWAS genes between asthma and HF. Third, through MR analysis, genetic liability to asthma was significantly associated with heart failure at the Bonferroni-corrected significance level. The odds ratio (OR) is 1.07 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.12; p = 1.31 × 10−3] per one-unit increase in loge odds of asthma. Conclusion: These findings provide strong evidence of genetic correlations and causal relationship between asthma and HF, suggesting a shared genetic architecture for these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzi Jin
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayuan Ding
- College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jason H. Moore
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zhi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Huang,
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Nutrients and Dietary Approaches in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114150. [PMID: 34836405 PMCID: PMC8622886 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The prevalence of CVD is much higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who may benefit from lifestyle changes, which include adapted diets. In this review, we provide the role of different groups of nutrients in patients with T2DM and CVD, as well as dietary approaches that have been associated with better and worse outcomes in those patients. Many different diets and supplements have proved to be beneficial in T2DM and CVD, but further studies, guidelines, and dietary recommendations are particularly required for patients with both diseases.
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