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Zheng S, Yan J, Wang J, Wang X, Kang YE, Koo BS, Shan Y, Liu L. Unveiling the Effects of Cruciferous Vegetable Intake on Different Cancers: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae131. [PMID: 39348271 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Epidemiological studies indicated that cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with positive health outcomes. However, the role of cruciferous vegetables may have differential impacts on various cancers. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to review recent epidemiological studies on the link between cruciferous vegetables and various cancers. It seeks to identify the optimal intake dose and timing of cruciferous vegetables influencing their association with cancer risk. DATA SOURCES Studies on cruciferous vegetables and cancer were searched in PubMed, NCBI, Web of Science, and Elsevier databases from 1978 to June 2023. DATA EXTRACTION Extracted data from 226 relevant case-control and cohort studies were expressed by standardized mean difference and 95% CI, followed by the subgroup analysis to eliminate heterogeneity. RESULTS Intake of cruciferous vegetables can prevent cancers, with an odds ratio of 0.77 and risk ratio (RR) of 0.96. The intake levels of cruciferous vegetables associated with the risk of colorectal cancer, lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, gynecological cancer (ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer), bladder cancer, renal cancer, and prostate cancer were found to be 5.41 servings/week, 5.41 servings/week, 5.5 servings/week, 7.4 servings/week, 5.5 servings/week, 4.85 servings/week, and 3 servings/week, respectively. In a cohort followed for 2 to 15 years, limited consumption of cruciferous vegetables was correlated with a higher cancer RR. In the Asian population, cruciferous vegetables had a significant relationship with lung cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and esophageal cancer. Conversely, cruciferous vegetables are predominantly associated with colorectal, renal, gynecological, and prostate cancer in the American population. CONCLUSION This study highlights the complex link between cruciferous vegetables and cancer, influenced by factors such as cancer type, region, intake level, and follow-up duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health and Management College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jielin Yan
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health and Management College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health and Management College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Southern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325809, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health and Management College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Southern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325809, China
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujuan Shan
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health and Management College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Southern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325809, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health and Management College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Southern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325809, China
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Skiba MB, Miller D, Stratton DB, Hall CA, McKenna S, Blair CK, Demark-Wahnefried W. Adaptation and study protocol for harvest for health together Arizona: A mentored community garden intervention for survivors of cancer. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2024; 39:101290. [PMID: 38595771 PMCID: PMC11002544 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Current health behavior recommendations for skin cancer prevention, treatment, and survivorship are the same for survivors of other cancers; they include eating a healthy diet, being physically active, maintaining a healthy weight, and minimizing ultraviolet (U.V.) exposure. Few interventions exist to support health behaviors beyond U.V. exposure. We adapted Harvest for Health, a home-based mentored gardening intervention for cancer survivors, for implementation in Arizona as a community-based intervention. Methods Stakeholder-informed adaptations for Harvest for Health Together Arizona (H4H2-AZ) included updating intervention materials to be relevant to the arid desert environment, emphasizing the importance of sun safety in cancer survivorship, and shifting from a home-based to a community-based delivery model. Participants will be enrolled in cohorts aligned with growing seasons (e.g., spring, monsoon, fall) and matched to an individual 30 ft2 community garden plot for two growing seasons (6 months). Original intervention components retained are: 1) Master Gardeners deliver the intervention providing one-to-one mentorship and 2) gardening materials and supplies provided. This pilot six-month single-arm intervention will determine feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of an evidence-based adapted mentored community gardening intervention for survivors of skin cancer as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes are to explore the effects on cancer preventive health behaviors and health-related quality of life. Discussion This pilot single-arm intervention will determine feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of an evidence-based adapted mentored community gardening intervention for survivors of skin cancer. If successful, the intervention could be widely implemented throughout existing Master Gardener programs and community garden networks for survivors of other cancers. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05648604. Trial registered on December 13, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan B. Skiba
- Advanced Nursing Practice and Science Division, College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Dylan Miller
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Delaney B. Stratton
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Dermatology, Banner University Health, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Caitlyn A. Hall
- W.A. Franke Honors College, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sharon McKenna
- Melanoma Task Force, Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Cindy K. Blair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Kim D, Ryu J, Lim HS, Kwon YS. Development of cooking method for senior-friendly food using fruits suitable for older adults with masticatory dysfunction. Nutr Res Pract 2024; 18:223-238. [PMID: 38584816 PMCID: PMC10995777 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.2.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to establish a fruit-cooking method suitable for older adults with masticatory dysfunction. MATERIALS/METHODS Five types of fruits were selected to make fruit jelly and puree: apple, sweet persimmon, mandarin, Korean melon, and watermelon. Recipes were selected based on the Korean Industrial Standard (KS) for senior-friendly foods (KS H 4897), which classifies foods into 3 levels (L1-L3) based on their hardness and viscosity. RESULTS In South Korea, senior-friendly foods are classified into 3 stages based on their hardness. Stage 1 is for foods that are able to eat with teeth (hardness greater than 50,000 N and less than 500,000 N), Stage 2 is for foods that are able to eat with gums (hardness greater than 20,000 N and less than 50,000 N), and Stage 3 is for foods that are able to eat with the tongue (hardness less than 20,000 N). As a result of measuring the hardness by varying the shape of the fruit, it was found that nearly all fruits could be eaten fresh by chewing with the teeth (L1) but did not meet the KS for mastication using the gums (L2) or tongue (L3), so the cooking method was selected as fruit jelly and fruit puree. Only sweet persimmon, which had a hardness of 61,624-496,393 N, was not suitable for consumption in fresh fruit, unprocessed form. Based on their hardness measurements, fruit jellies (27,869 to 36,343 N) and fruit purees (315 to 1,156 N) met the L2 and L3 requirements, respectively. The viscosity results of all fruit purees met the L3 requirement. CONCLUSION These results offer a simple cooking method to prepare texture-modified fruits suitable for safe consumption by older adults living with masticatory difficulties in general households and nursing facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasol Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jihye Ryu
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Lim
- Department of Gerontology, AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Kwon
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
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Safi S, Ahmadzade M, Karimi S, Akbari ME, Rouientan H, Abolhosseini M, Rezaei Kanavi M, Khorrami Z. A registration trend in eyelid skin cancers and associated risk factors in Iran, 2005-2016. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:924. [PMID: 37777736 PMCID: PMC10543867 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyelid skin cancers are the most prevalent ophthalmic malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the Human Development Index (HDI) and lifestyle risk factors with eyelid skin cancers in Iran. METHODS This ecological study analyzed the data collected from the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (2005-2016). The data on provincial-level eyelid skin cancer risk factors were obtained from national sources. The association between provincial HDI and lifestyle risk factors with the prevalence of eyelid skin cancers was assessed. RESULTS The mean 12-year age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of eyelid skin cancers was 16.22 per 100,000 (9,104 cases). The overall ASIR showed an upward trend with an estimated annual average increase of 0.006 per year. There were positive correlations between the prevalence of overall eyelid skin cancers and provincial HDI, smoking, and obesity (r = 0.32, 0.42, and 0.37, respectively). In multivariate analysis, obesity/overweight remained a positive predictor for high prevalence of total eyelid skin cancers (OR = 1.97, 95%CI = 1.08-3.58, P = 0.026), carcinoma (2.10, 1.15-3.83, P = 0.015), and basal cell carcinoma (1.48, 0.99-2.20, P = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS An increasing trend in ASIR of eyelid skin cancers was observed in more than a decade in Iran which was positively associated with provincial HDI and prevalence of obesity. The findings of the study highlight the importance of promotional programs for preventing obesity/overweight and appropriate allocation of screening facilities based on the HDI level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sare Safi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadese Ahmadzade
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karimi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Rouientan
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abolhosseini
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Khorrami
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Molina-García M, Malvehy J, Granger C, Garre A, Trullàs C, Puig S. Exposome and Skin. Part 2. The Influential Role of the Exposome, Beyond UVR, in Actinic Keratosis, Bowen's Disease and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Proposal. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:361-380. [PMID: 35112326 PMCID: PMC8850498 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is the main risk factor for the development of cutaneous invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). It represents the first sign of severe chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure, which has a clear significant effect. Nevertheless, the skin is exposed to many other exposome factors which should be thoroughly considered. Our aim was to assess the impact of exposome factors other than ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the etiopathology of AK and Bowen's disease (BD) and progression of AK to SCC and to design tailored prevention strategies. We performed an exhaustive literature search in September 2021 through PubMed on the impact of exposome factors other than UVR on AK, BD and SCC. We conducted several parallel searches combining terms of the following topics: AK, BD, SCC and microbiome, hormones, nutrition, alcohol, tobacco, viral infections, chemical contaminants and air pollution. Notably, skin microbiome studies have shown how Staphylococcus aureus infections are associated with AK and AK-to-SCC progression by the production of chronic inflammation. Nutritional studies have demonstrated how a caloric restriction in fat intake, oral nicotinamide and moderate consumption of wine significantly reduce the number of premalignant keratoses and SCC. Regarding lifestyle factors, both alcohol and smoking are associated with the development of SCC in a dose-dependent manner. Relevant environmental factors are viral infections and chemical contaminants. Human papillomavirus infections induce deregulation of cellular proliferation and are associated with AK, BD and SCC. In addition to outdoor jobs, occupations such as industrial processing and farming also increase the risk of developing keratoses and SCC. The exposome of AK will undoubtedly help the understanding of its etiopathology and possible progression to SCC and will serve as a basis to design tailored prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Molina-García
- School of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 143 Casanova, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- School of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 143 Casanova, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Corinne Granger
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 33 Provençals, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Garre
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 33 Provençals, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Trullàs
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 33 Provençals, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- School of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 143 Casanova, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Dermatology Department, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Sampaio RAG, Riet-Correa F, Barbosa FMS, de Gois DD, Lima RC, da Silva IG, da Silva VM, Oliveira AM, Simões SVD, Lucena RB. Diffuse Alopecia and Thyroid Atrophy in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123530. [PMID: 34944304 PMCID: PMC8698121 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Thyroid dysfunction substantially affects quality of life, causing disturbances in different organs. A low intake of selenium and zinc can predispose to thyroid changes, resulting in hypothyroidism. A deficiency of selenium and zinc causes thyroid dysfunction and skin lesions. This paper describes natural cases of diffuse alopecia and thyroid abnormalities in sheep with selenium and zinc deficiency. The sheep had severe alopecia, and the thyroid hormones serum concentrations were below the reference values for the species. Zinc and Se concentrations were low in the serum and liver, and the thyroid gland was smaller than normal size. The present study is important as it is the first study examining zinc and Se deficiencies causing hypothyroidism in sheep. Furthermore, thyroid disorders affect the quality of life of humans and animals, and are associated with many organ-specific and non-organ-specific disorders. Abstract Thyroid dysfunction substantially affects the quality of life due to its association with various disorders in different organs. A low intake of selenium and zinc can predispose to thyroid alterations, resulting in hypothyroidism. A deficiency of selenium and zinc causes direct and indirect skin lesions, both by the action of free radicals on the skin and by thyroid dysfunction. The aim of this study was to describe natural cases of diffuse alopecia and thyroid abnormalities in sheep with selenium and zinc deficiency. Five adult sheep presented marked and diffuse alopecia, and the residual hairs were dry and brittle. The skin was thick and crusty, with marked peeling. The triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) serum concentrations were below reference values for the species. Zinc and Se concentrations were low in both the serum and liver. During necropsy, cachexia associated with serous fat atrophy was observed, and the thyroid glands showed marked atrophy. Microscopically, the thyroid presented multifocal to coalescent atrophy, with atrophied and dilated follicles, macrophage infiltration, and the presence of fibrous connective tissue. The skin revealed hyperkeratosis and edema. It is concluded that thyroid atrophy, alopecia, and hyperkeratosis are associated with low serum and liver concentrations of zinc and selenium in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubia Avlade Guedes Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
- Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil
| | - Francisca Maria Sousa Barbosa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Daniela Dantas de Gois
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Raquel Costa Lima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Iara Geovana da Silva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Vitória Maria da Silva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Alexandra Melo Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Sara Vilar Dantas Simões
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Ricardo Barbosa Lucena
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
- Correspondence: or
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Auh JH, Madhavan J. Protective effect of a mixture of marigold and rosemary extracts on UV-induced photoaging in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 135:111178. [PMID: 33388598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UV irradiation exposure may induce photoaging of the skin tissue. Various plant extracts have been recognized as effective protectants against UV-induced damage. Here, a mixture of marigold and rosemary extracts was evaluated for its anti-photoaging effects as a potential nutraceutical product for skin health. Hexane extract of marigold and ethanolic extract of rosemary were prepared, and the formulated mixture was investigated. A UV-induced photoaged mouse model was prepared, and the protective effects of the extract mixture were compared with those of hyaluronic acid (positive control). Expression of various photoaging-related biomarkers such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, procollagen type I, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were determined. UV irradiation significantly enhanced the expression of these biomarkers through an inflammatory response, however, the mixture of marigold and rosemary extracts exerted inhibitory effects and protected from UV-induced damage. Suppression of inflammatory response were the mechanisms underlying this protective function of the mixture of marigold and rosemary extracts. Histological evaluation also supported these protective effects against photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Hyuck Auh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, 17546, South Korea.
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Taube M, Peltonen M, Sjöholm K, Anveden Å, Andersson-Assarsson JC, Jacobson P, Svensson PA, Bergo MO, Carlsson LMS. Association of Bariatric Surgery With Skin Cancer Incidence in Adults With Obesity: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. JAMA Dermatol 2020; 156:38-43. [PMID: 31664428 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Importance Obesity is a cancer risk factor, and bariatric surgery in patients with obesity is associated with reduced cancer risk. However, evidence of an association among obesity, bariatric surgery, and skin cancer, including melanoma, is limited. Objective To investigate the association of bariatric surgery with skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma) and melanoma incidence. Design, Setting, and Participants This nonrandomized controlled trial, the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, is ongoing at 25 surgical departments and 480 primary health care centers in Sweden and was designed to examine outcomes after bariatric surgery. The study included 2007 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and 2040 contemporaneously matched controls who received conventional obesity treatment. Patients were enrolled between September 1, 1987, and January 31, 2001. Data analysis was performed from June 29, 2018, to November 22, 2018. Interventions Patients in the surgery group underwent gastric bypass (n = 266), banding (n = 376), or vertical banded gastroplasty (n = 1365). The control group (n = 2040) received the customary treatment for obesity at their primary health care centers. Main Outcomes and Measures The SOS study was cross-linked to the Swedish National Cancer Registry, the Cause of Death Registry, and the Registry of the Total Population for data on cancer incidence, death, and emigration. Results The study included 4047 participants (mean [SD] age, 47.9 [6.1] years; 2867 [70.8%] female). Information on cancer events was available for 4042 patients. The study found that bariatric surgery was associated with a markedly reduced risk of melanoma (adjusted subhazard ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.87; P = .02; median follow-up, 18.1 years) and risk of skin cancer in general (adjusted subhazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35-0.99; P = .047). The skin cancer risk reduction was not associated with baseline body mass index or weight; insulin, glucose, lipid, and creatinine levels; diabetes; blood pressure; alcohol intake; or smoking. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this study suggest that bariatric surgery in individuals with obesity is associated with a reduced risk of skin cancer, including melanoma. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01479452.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Taube
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Markku Peltonen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kajsa Sjöholm
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Anveden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Hallands Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Johanna C Andersson-Assarsson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Jacobson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Arne Svensson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin O Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena M S Carlsson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Shao E, Green AC, Miura K. Inflammatory Dietary Patterns and Risk of Keratinocyte Cancers in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Prospective Cohort Study. Dermatology 2020; 237:1029-1034. [PMID: 32966976 DOI: 10.1159/000509875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at increased risk of cutaneous squamous (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) due to immunosuppression and sun exposure. Skin carcinogenesis involves inflammation, and foods that promote inflammation may promote carcinogenesis. METHODS We prospectively examined the association between pro-inflammatory diets and SCC and BCC incidence in KTRs in Queensland, Australia. We recruited KTRs at high risk of skin cancer (aged ≥18 years and previously affected; or aged ≥40; or immunosuppressed ≥10 years) between 2012 and 2014 and followed up until June 2016. A baseline dietary questionnaire was used to calculate modified-Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP) scores to indicate dietary inflammatory capacity; higher scores indicated pro-inflammatory diets. EDIP scores were ranked into 3 groups. Outcomes were histologically confirmed SCC and BCC. Adjusted relative risks (RRadj) and 95% CIs were estimated using negative binomial regression. RESULTS Among 260 KTRs, 100 (38%) and 93 (36%) developed at least 1 new SCC and BCC, with 426 SCC and 343 BCC diagnosed in the follow-up period. The highest modified-EDIP score group (vs. lowest) were at increased risk of SCC (RRadj 1.79, 95% CI 1.01-3.16) but not BCC. Pro-inflammatory diets may increase SCC but not BCC risk among KTRs. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory diets may increase the risk of SCC in KTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Shao
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia, .,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Adele C Green
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,CRUK Manchester Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kyoko Miura
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Hu S, Anand P, Laughter M, Maymone MBC, Dellavalle RP. Holistic dermatology: An evidence-based review of modifiable lifestyle factor associations with dermatologic disorders. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 86:868-877. [PMID: 32360717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holistic dermatology focuses on treating the human body as a whole and implementing lifestyle changes to enhance the treatment and prognosis of skin disease. Understanding the interplay between modifiable lifestyle factors and patients' dermatologic health will help physicians better inform patients on self-care methods to mitigate the burden of their skin disease(s). OBJECTIVE To review the current scientific literature on the relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors and the dermatologic outcome of skin disorders. METHODS A systematic literature search on PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science was conducted to identify research articles examining the relationship between dermatology and 6 major categories of modifiable lifestyle factors: diet, sleep, exercise, stress, alcohol, and smoking. RESULTS A substantial amount of evidence supports the relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors and dermatologic outcomes. There were the most studies on diet, stress, alcohol, and smoking, but all lifestyle factors were supported by some degree of scientific evidence. CONCLUSION All modifiable lifestyle factors explored in this review play a critical role in modulating the onset and progression of skin disease. We anticipate more research studies in the future and an increasing integration of holistic dermatology into patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Hu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Pratibha Anand
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Melissa Laughter
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mayra B C Maymone
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Robert P Dellavalle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Dermatology Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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11
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Ruan L, Cheng SP, Zhu QX. Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:398-408. [PMID: 31298947 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1637910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between fat intake and the risk of three major types of skin cancer including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). A comprehensive search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed to identify all relevant observational studies published up to December 1, 2018. Specific odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) estimates for the highest versus the lowest intake of dietary fat and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from the included studies were pooled using random effect model. Three prospective cohort studies (175,675 participants and 30,915 BCC cases, 4,106 SCC cases and 1,638 CMM cases) and nine case-control studies (328 BCC cases, 493 SCC cases, 1,547 CMM cases and 2,660 controls) were identified. The pooled results indicated that dietary consumption of total fat and saturated fat were not associated with three major types of skin cancer. High consumption of monounsaturated fat was significantly associated with a decreased risk of BCC (RR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.96) and high level of polyunsaturated fat intake was potentially positively associated with SCC (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.06-1.33). Our findings should be confirmed by further evidence from well-designed and large-scale prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ruan
- Institute of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuang-Ping Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qi-Xing Zhu
- Institute of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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12
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Patel A, Pathak Y, Patel J, Sutariya V. Role of nutritional factors in pathogenesis of cancer. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Yashwant Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jayvadan Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Vijaykumar Sutariya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
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13
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Histology of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: An Update. Biomedicines 2017; 5:biomedicines5040071. [PMID: 29261131 PMCID: PMC5744095 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in humans. Several different non-melanoma skin cancers have been reported in the literature, with several histologic variants that frequently cause important differential diagnoses with other cutaneous tumors basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant skin tumor, with different histologic variants that are associated with a greater or less aggressive behavior and that usually may be confused with other primitive skin tumors. Actinic keratosis, Bowen’s disease, keratoacanthoma, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) correspond to the other line of NMSC, that may have only local tumoral behavior, easy to treat and with local management (as in the case of actinic keratosis (AK), Bowen’s disease, and keratoacanthoma) or a more aggressive behavior with a potential metastatic spread, as in case of invasive SCC. Therefore, histopathology serves as the gold standard during daily clinical practice, in order to improve the therapeutical approaches to patients with NMSC and to understand the distinct histopathological features of NMSC. Here, we reported the main pathological features of different non-melanoma skin cancers.
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Chakraborty D, Benham V, Jdanov V, Bullard B, Leal AS, Liby KT, Bernard JJ. A BET Bromodomain Inhibitor Suppresses Adiposity-Associated Malignant Transformation. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 11:129-142. [PMID: 29246955 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Almost half a million of all new cancers have been attributed to obesity and epidemiologic evidence implicates visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and high-fat diets (HFD) in increasing cancer risk. We demonstrated that VAT-derived fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) from mice fed an HFD or obese individuals stimulates the malignant transformation of epithelial cells. Mechanism-based strategies to prevent this VAT-enhanced tumorigenesis have not been explored. Clinical studies have indicated that bromodomain inhibitors have considerable potential as therapeutic agents for cancer by inhibiting the activity of several oncogenes, including c-Myc; however, their chemopreventive activity is unknown. We show herein that mice with visceral adiposity have elevated nuclear c-Myc expression in their epidermis. We hypothesized that the bromodomain inhibitor I-BET-762 (I-BET) would have efficacy in the prevention of malignant transformation by VAT and FGF2. We tested this hypothesis using our novel models of VAT-stimulated transformation in vitro and FGF2- stimulated tumor formation in vivo We found that I-BET significantly attenuates VAT and FGF2-stimulated transformation and inhibits VAT-induced c-Myc protein expression in several skin and breast epithelial cell lines. Moreover, I-BET attenuated tumor growth significantly in FGF2-treated nude mice. Work is ongoing to determine the role of visceral adiposity in c-Myc activity in several tissues and determine the inhibitory effect of I-BET on VAT-promoted tumors in vivoCancer Prev Res; 11(3); 129-42. ©2017 AACRSee related editorial by Berger and Scacheri, p. 125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debrup Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Vanessa Benham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Vladislav Jdanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Blair Bullard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ana S Leal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Karen T Liby
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jamie J Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
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15
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Chakraborty D, Benham V, Bullard B, Kearney T, Hsia HC, Gibbon D, Demireva EY, Lunt SY, Bernard JJ. Fibroblast growth factor receptor is a mechanistic link between visceral adiposity and cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:6668-6679. [PMID: 28783178 PMCID: PMC5709202 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence implicates excess adipose tissue in increasing cancer risk. Despite a steeply rising global prevalence of obesity, how adiposity contributes to transformation (stage a non-tumorigenic cell undergoes to become malignant) is unknown. To determine the factors in adipose tissue that stimulate transformation, we used a novel ex vivo system of visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-condition medium-stimulated epithelial cell growth in soft agar. To extend this system in vivo, we used a murine lipectomy model of ultraviolet light B-induced, VAT-promoted skin tumor formation. We found that VAT from mice and obese human donors stimulated growth in soft agar of non-tumorigenic epithelial cells. The difference in VAT activity was associated with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) levels. Moreover, human and mouse VAT failed to stimulate growth in soft of agar in cells deficient in FGFR-1 (FGF2 receptor). We also demonstrated that circulating levels of FGF2 were associated with non-melanoma tumor formation in vivo. These data implicate FGF2 as a major factor VAT releases to transform epithelial cells-a novel, potential pathway of VAT-enhanced tumorigenesis. Strategies designed to deplete VAT stores of FGF2 or inhibit FGFR-1 in abdominally obese individuals may be important cancer prevention strategies as well as adjuvant therapies for improving outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - V Benham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - B Bullard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - T Kearney
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - H C Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Gibbon
- Summit Medical4 Group, Livingston, NJ, USA
| | - E Y Demireva
- Office for the Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S Y Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - J J Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Karimi K, Lindgren TH, Koch CA, Brodell RT. Obesity as a risk factor for malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2016; 17:389-403. [PMID: 27832418 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dramatic increases in incidence of both obesity and many cancers including skin cancer emphasize the need to better understand the pathophysiology of both conditions and their connections. Melanoma is considered the fastest growing cancer and rates of non-melanoma skin cancer have also increased over the last decade. The molecular mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and skin cancer are not clearly understood but emerging evidence points to changes in the tumor microenvironment including aberrant cell signaling and genomic instability in the chronic inflammatory state many obese individuals experience. This article reviews the literature linking obesity to melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karimi
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - T H Lindgren
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - C A Koch
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Robert T Brodell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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17
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Kulkarni M, Keny D, Potey AV, Tripathi RK. A cross-sectional study to assess the incompatible dietary behavior of patients suffering from skin diseases: A pilot study. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2016; 7:113-8. [PMID: 27450757 PMCID: PMC4969308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ayurveda implies the importance of diet and dietary habits in various human diseases. Confirmatory evidence regarding role of diet and dietary practices in diseases of skin are lacking. OBJECTIVES To assess incompatible dietary behavior in acne, psoriasis, fungal infections, and vitiligo patients using a questionnaire tool. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional case control study was conducted in the skin out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital. Patients were enrolled in each diseased group and their control groups. Perception of patients regarding the role of diet in skin diseases was evaluated. Study participants were subjected to 2 validated questionnaires to assess consumption of incompatible diet and incompatible dietary habits. RESULTS Diet was perceived to be more important in patients of acne compared to their controls (P < 0.05). Mean composite score regarding the assessment of consumption of incompatible diet of acne (19.594 ± 4.613 vs. 16.719 ± 3.457, P = 0.006) and psoriasis (17.531 ± 2.688 vs. 16.281 ± 2.630, P = 0.0497) patients was higher than their controls. Mean composite score regarding assessment of incompatible dietary habits was higher in acne (19.031 ± 4.589 vs. 15.688 ± 4.645, P = 0.0054), psoriasis (18.875 ± 5.014 vs. 15 ± 3.069, P = 0.0009), and fungal infection (16.469 ± 3.538 vs. 14.5 ± 2.627, P = 0.0115) patients compared to controls. Mean composite scores of both the questionnaires in vitiligo patients were similar to controls. CONCLUSION Scores for consumption of incompatible diet and dietary habits were found to be higher in acne and psoriasis patients compared to controls. Patients with fungal infections had higher scores for the presence of incompatible dietary habits but similar scores for the consumption of incompatible diet, whereas both scores in patients of vitiligo were similar to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dushyant Keny
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anirudha Vyankatesh Potey
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Raakhi K Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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18
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Dietary patterns and weight change: 15-year longitudinal study in Australian adults. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1455-1465. [PMID: 26919993 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intake is one of the most modifiable risk factors associated with obesity. However, data on the relationship between dietary patterns and long-term weight change are limited. PURPOSE We therefore investigated the association between dietary patterns and 15-year weight change in a sample of 1186 Australian adults (1992-2007). METHODS We measured body weight and collected data on socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics in 1992 and 2007. Applying principal component analysis to 38 food groups from a food frequency questionnaire collected at baseline, we identified two dietary patterns: 'meat-and-fat' and 'fruit-and-vegetable.' Using generalized estimating equations, multivariable regression models, stratified by sex, were adjusted for concurrent changes in socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. RESULTS The average increase in body weight of men in the highest tertile of the meat-and-fat pattern was more than twice that of men in the lowest tertile; mean weight change (95 % CI): 4.8 (-0.1, 9.7) kg versus 2.3 (-2.6, 7.1) kg, P-for-trend = 0.02. In contrast, average weight gain of men in the highest tertile of the fruit-and-vegetable pattern was only about half that of men in the lowest tertile; mean weight change (95 % CI): 2.9 (-2.0, 7.8) kg versus 5.4 (-1.5, 10.4) kg, P-for-trend = 0.02. Among women, dietary patterns were not related to weight change. CONCLUSIONS These dietary patterns predict change in body weight in men, but not in women. In this cohort, a dietary pattern high in fruit and vegetables was related to less weight gain in men than a dietary pattern high in meat and fat.
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Diet and Skin Cancer: The Potential Role of Dietary Antioxidants in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Prevention. J Skin Cancer 2015; 2015:893149. [PMID: 26583073 PMCID: PMC4637095 DOI: 10.1155/2015/893149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer among Americans. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the major risk factor for the development of NMSC. Dietary AOs may prevent free radical-mediated DNA damage and tumorigenesis secondary to UV radiation. Numerous laboratory studies have found that certain dietary AOs show significant promise in skin cancer prevention. These results have been substantiated by animal studies. In human studies, researchers have evaluated both oral AO supplements and dietary intake of AOs via whole foods. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of AOs in preventing tumorigenesis and outline four targeted dietary AOs. We review the results of research evaluating oral AOs supplements as compared to dietary AOs intake via whole foods. While these specific supplements have not shown efficacy, intake of AOs via consumption of whole foods has shown some promise. Lessons learned from the field of hypertension research may provide important guidance in future study design. Further research on the role of dietary AOs in the prevention of NMSC is warranted and should focus on intake via whole food consumption.
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Kim Y, Kwon YS, Park YH, Choe JS, Lee JY. Analysis of consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits in Korean adolescents based on Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey (2006, 2011). Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:411-9. [PMID: 26244081 PMCID: PMC4523486 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study analyzed factors affecting consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits in Korean adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS Consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits, general characteristics, meal, health, and other variables were analyzed for a total of 147,047 adolescents who participated in the KYRBWS (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey) conducted in 2006 and 2011 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits more than once a day significantly decreased in 2011 compared to 2006 based on Chi-square test conducted for every factor employed in the study. Analysis of factors showed that consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits were reduced in both study years as subjective income decreased, whereas intake frequencies increased with mother's education level and reduction of adolescent stress level. CONCLUSIONS In general, consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits decreased in 2011 compared to those in 2006. Thus, future research needs to improve dietary guidelines for nutrition education in order for students to recognize the importance of food consumption and necessity of increasing daily serving sizes of vegetables and fruits for their balanced consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangsuk Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kwon
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Park
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Choe
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
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Razi S, Enayatrad M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Salehiniya H, Fathali-Loy-Dizaji M, Soltani S. The Epidemiology of Skin Cancer and its Trend in Iran. Int J Prev Med 2015; 6:64. [PMID: 26288708 PMCID: PMC4521305 DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.161074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most common cancers is skin cancer worldwide. Since incidence and cost of treatment of the cancer are increasing, it is necessary to further investigate to prevent and control this disease. This study aimed to determine skin cancer trend and epidemiology in Iran. Methods: This study was done based on existing data. Data used in this study were obtained from a national registry of cancer cases and the Disease Management Center of Ministry of Health in Iran. All cases registered in the country were included during 2004–2008. Incidence rates were reported based on the direct method and standard population of World Health Organization. Results: Based on the results of this study, the incidence of skin cancer is rising in Iran and the sex ratio was more in men than women in all provinces. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of skin cancer was highest in males in Semnan, Isfahan, and Hamedan provinces (34.9, 30.80, and 28.84, respectively). The highest ASRs were seen in females in Semnan, Yazd, and Isfahan provinces (26.7, 24.14, and 18.97, respectively). The lowest ASR in male was observed in Sistan and Baluchestan, and in female in Hormozgan provinces. Conclusions: The incidence of skin cancer is increasing in the country. Therefore, the plan for the control and prevention of this cancer must be a high priority for health policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Razi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Enayatrad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahin Soltani
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Razi S, Rafiemanesh H, Ghoncheh M, Khani Y, Salehiniya H. Changing Trends of Types of Skin Cancer in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:4955-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.12.4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Zamanian A, Rokni GR, Ansar A, Mobasher P, Jazi GA. Should variation of serum lipid levels be considered a risk factor for the development of basal cell carcinoma? Adv Biomed Res 2014; 3:108. [PMID: 24804182 PMCID: PMC4009750 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.129704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cutaneous neoplasm in human beings. Ultraviolet radiation is one of the most important predisposing factors for BCC. Although some recent investigations have shown a high serum level of phospholipids in actinic keratosis and BCC, this subject is still debated and needs approval. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum lipid level and development of cutaneous BCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, lipid profile including triglyceride (TG), Cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured in 30 patients with BCC and 30 healthy controls. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical tests including t tests and Chi square test. RESULTS This study shows that the mean age of the case and control groups were 63.93 ± 12.09 and 61.57 ± 21.1 years (mean ± SD), respectively. The average amount of triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL and LDL in the BCC patients were 139.73 ± 69.11 mg/dl, 179.20 ± 43.42 mg/dl, 39.40 ± 9.30 mg/dl and 110.70 ± 34.13 mg/dl, respectively, whereas these amounts in the control group were 141.83 ± 80.41 mg/dl, 173.60 ± 96.32 mg/dl, 36.97 ± 6.35 mg/dl, 110.70 ± 34.13 mg/dl and 104.87 ± 30.85 mg/dl, respectively. No significant difference was found in the lipid profile of the case and control groups (P > 0.05%). CONCLUSION This study shows that the serum lipid levels in patients with BCC has no significant difference in comparison with the control group and, therefore, relevance between BCC and serum lipid level is not proven. Further studies with a larger sample size are necessary for evaluating this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Zamanian
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Dermatology, Rasoul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Akram Ansar
- Department of Dermatology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Pezhman Mobasher
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Ahmadi Jazi
- Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen AC, Damian DL, Halliday GM. Oral and systemic photoprotection. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2014; 30:102-11. [PMID: 24313740 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Photoprotection can be provided not only by ultraviolet (UV) blockers but also by oral substances. Epidemiologically identified associations between foods and skin cancer and interventional experiments have discovered mechanisms of UV skin damage. These approaches have identified oral substances that are photoprotective in humans. UV inhibits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production causing an energy crisis, which prevents optimal skin immunity and DNA repair. Enhancing ATP production with oral nicotinamide protects from UV immunosuppression, enhances DNA repair and reduces skin cancer in humans. Reactive oxygen species also contribute to photodamage. Nontoxic substances consumed in the diet, or available as oral supplements, can protect the skin by multiple potential mechanisms. These substances include polyphenols in fruit, vegetables, wine, tea and caffeine-containing foods. UV-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) contributes to photodamage. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and food substances reduce production of this lipid mediator. Fish oils are photoprotective, at least partially by reducing PGE2 . Orally consumed substances, either in the diet or as supplements, can influence cutaneous responses to UV. A current research goal is to develop an oral supplement that could be used in conjunction with other sun protective strategies in order to provide improved protection from sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Chen
- Discipline of Dermatology, Bosch Institute, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Dermatology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Rohani-Rasaf M, Abdollahi M, Jazayeri S, Kalantari N, Asadi-Lari M. Correlation of cancer incidence with diet, smoking and socio- economic position across 22 districts of Tehran in 2008. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:1669-76. [PMID: 23679254 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.3.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation in cancer incidence in geographical locations is due to different lifestyles and risk factors. Diet and socio-economic position (SEP) have been identified as important for the etiology of cancer but patterns are changing and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations of the incidence of common cancers with food groups, total energy, smoking, and SEP. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an ecological study, disaggregated cancer data through the National Cancer Registry in Iran (2008) and dietary intake, smoking habits and SEP obtained through a population based survey within the Urban Health Equity Assessment (Urban-HEART) project were correlated across 22 districts of Tehran. RESULTS Consumption of fruit, meat and dairy products adjusted for energy were positively correlated with bladder, colorectal, prostate and breast and total cancers in men and women, while these cancers were adversely correlated with bread and fat intake. Also prostate, breast, colorectal, bladder and ovarian cancers had a positive correlation with SEP; there was no correlation between SEP and skin cancer in both genders and stomach cancer in men. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of cancer was higher in some regions of Tehran which appeared to be mainly determined by SEP rather than dietary intake. Further individual data are required to investigate reasons of cancer clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Rohani-Rasaf
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bernard JJ, Lou YR, Peng QY, Li T, Vakil PR, Ding N, Laskin JD, Dong Z, Conney AH, Lu YP. Parametrial fat tissue from high fat diet-treated SKH-1 mice stimulates transformation of mouse epidermal JB6 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 5:2157-2518. [PMID: 25821644 DOI: 10.4172/2157-2518.1000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that decreasing visceral adipose tissue by surgical removal of the parametrial fat pads inhibited UVB-induced carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), but not a low fat diet (LFD) indicating that the parametrial fat tissue from mice fed a HFD played a role in skin carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we sought to investigate how a HFD may influence the intrinsic properties of the parametrial fat tissue to influence UVB-induced skin tumor formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical staining, adipokine array, and flow cytometry showed that parametrial fat tissue from mice fed a HFD had a higher density of macrophage-fused dead adipocytes (crown-like structures), more adipokines, and stimulated the production of more reactive oxygen species compared with parametrial fat tissue from mice fed a LFD. These differences between parametrial fat tissue from mice fed a HFD and LFD were associated with their effect on the in vitro transformation of mouse epidermal JB6 cells. Our results indicated that fat tissue filtrate (an aqueous filtrate made from the parametrial fat pad) from mice fed a HFD enhanced the conversion of JB6 cells from an epithelial-like morphology to cells with a fibroblast-like morphology to a greater extent than fat tissue filtrate from mice fed a LFD. Studies indicated that the fibroblast-like cells had decreased levels of E-cadherin, increased levels of Twist as assayed by western blot. Fat tissue filtrate made from the parametrial fat tissue of mice fed a HFD had 160% more transforming activity than that from mice fed a LFD and formed malignant mesenchymal tumors in vivo. CONCLUSION These studies provide the first in vitro demonstration of a parametrial fat tissue-induced transformation of an epidermal cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J Bernard
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - You-Rong Lou
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Qing-Yun Peng
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Tao Li
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Priyal R Vakil
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Ning Ding
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912
| | - Allan H Conney
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Yao-Ping Lu
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
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Noel SE, Stoneham ACS, Olsen CM, Rhodes LE, Green AC. Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and the risk of skin cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2013; 135:149-56. [PMID: 24265065 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancers have a higher incidence than all other cancers combined and are a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Laboratory data suggest certain dietary constituents, notably omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), could potentially protect against skin malignancy, although no large-scale review has been conducted in humans. The objective of this review and meta-analysis was to determine the relationship between dietary n-3 PUFAs and skin cancer incidence. It considered all published randomized controlled trials and observational studies up to March 2013. Five studies (two case-control and three cohort) were identified pertaining to oral n-3 PUFA consumption and incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), melanoma (or a combination) and were included in a random-effects meta-analysis. A further six studies considering nondietary n-3 PUFA exposure (e.g., by tissue analysis) and/or recognized biological markers of skin cancer risk (e.g., p53 expression) were analyzed qualitatively. Dietary n-3 PUFAs were not associated with BCC (pooled OR 1.05, 95% CIs 0.86-1.28). Consumption of high levels of n-3 PUFAs were inversely associated with melanoma, although with only one estimate available (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34-0.78), and SCC, although nonsignificantly (pooled OR 0.86, 95% CIs 0.59-1.23). Available evidence is suggestive, but currently inadequate, to support the hypothesis that n-3 PUFAs protect against skin malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Noel
- Albany Health Campus, Warden Avenue, Albany, WA, Australia
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Caffeine intake and risk of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin in an 11-year prospective study. Eur J Nutr 2013; 53:511-20. [PMID: 23824258 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-013-0556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caffeine may repair skin damage induced by excessive exposure to ultraviolet light. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between caffeine intake and incidence of basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We also assessed the associations between coffee consumption and incidence of these skin cancers. METHODS Caffeine intake and consumption of coffee were estimated from food frequency questionnaires assessed in 1992, 1994, and 1996 among 1,325 randomly selected adult residents of a subtropical Australian community. All histologically confirmed tumours of BCC and SCC occurring between 1997 and 2007 were recorded. Associations with BCC and SCC were assessed using Poisson and negative binomial regression models and were adjusted for confounders including skin type and indicators of past sun exposure. RESULTS There was no association between total caffeine intake and incidence of BCC or SCC. Participants with prior skin cancers, however, had a 25% lower risk of BCC if they were in the highest tertile of total caffeine intake (equivalent to daily consumption of four cups of regular coffee) compared with the lowest tertile (multivariable RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.57-0.97, P trend = 0.025). There was no dose-response relationship with SCC. Consumption of neither caffeinated nor decaffeinated coffee was associated with BCC or SCC. CONCLUSIONS Among people with prior skin cancers, a relatively high caffeine intake may help prevent subsequent BCC development. However, caffeine intake appears not to influence the risk of SCC.
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Gamba CS, Stefanick ML, Shikany JM, Larson J, Linos E, Sims ST, Marshall J, Van Horn L, Zeitouni N, Tang JY. Low-fat diet and skin cancer risk: the women's health initiative randomized controlled dietary modification trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:1509-19. [PMID: 23697610 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large cohort studies have reported no relationship between dietary fat and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), although a low-fat diet intervention reduced NMSC risk in a small clinical trial. In animal studies, skin tumor development has been reduced by low-fat diet. We evaluated the effect of a low-fat dietary pattern on NMSC and melanoma in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification trial. METHODS Postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years (n = 48,835) were randomly assigned to the low-fat dietary pattern intervention (n = 19,541) or comparison group (n = 29,294). The intervention goals included decreasing fat intake to 20% or less of calories, increasing vegetable and fruit intake, and increasing grain intake. Self-reported incident NMSC (n = 4,907) and physician-adjudicated incident melanoma (n = 279) were ascertained every 6 months. RESULTS Over 8.1 years of follow-up, the low-fat diet intervention did not affect overall incidence of NMSC [HR 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.92-1.04] or melanoma (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.82-1.32). In subgroup analyses of melanoma risk, baseline fat intake interacted significantly with group assignment (Pinteraction = 0.006). Among women with higher baseline fat intake, the dietary intervention significantly increased risk (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.06-2.07), whereas, among women with lower baseline fat intake, the intervention tended to reduce melanoma risk (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.50-1.02). CONCLUSIONS In this large randomized trial, a low-fat dietary pattern did not affect overall incidence of NMSC or melanoma. IMPACT A low-fat diet does not reduce incidence of NMSC, but an interaction between baseline fat intake and dietary intervention on melanoma risk warrants further investigation.
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Wallingford SC, van As JA, Hughes MC, Ibiebele TI, Green AC, van der Pols JC. Intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and risk of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin: a longitudinal community-based study in Australian adults. Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:982-90. [PMID: 22974045 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.713540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids may modify the risk of basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC and SCC), but population-based evidence is limited and inconsistent. We examined prospectively associations between intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids estimated from food frequency questionnaires and BCC and SCC incidence among 1322 randomly selected adults in Nambour, Australia. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated based on histologically confirmed tumors diagnosed between 1997 and 2007. Incidence of BCC was lowest in the middle third of both total omega-6 intake (RR(mv.adj) = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56-0.97) and linoleic acid intake (RR(mv.adj) = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.57-0.99) compared with the lowest third of intake. Evidence for associations with SCC was weak, though persons with arachidonic acid intake in the middle third had a marginally increased risk of SCC (RR(mv.adj) = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.00-2.02). Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids was not associated with subsequent skin cancer risk. Suggestion that intake of arachidonic acid may be associated with increased SCC incidence and total omega-6 with reduced BCC from our study is still highly uncertain and may be due to chance. These data do not support an association between these fatty acids and risk of BCC or SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Wallingford
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
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Surgical removal of the parametrial fat pads stimulates apoptosis and inhibits UVB-induced carcinogenesis in mice fed a high-fat diet. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:9065-70. [PMID: 22615388 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1205810109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Removal of the parametrial fat pads (partial lipectomy) from female SKH-1 mice fed a high-fat diet inhibited UVB-induced carcinogenesis, but this was not observed in mice fed a low-fat chow diet. Partial lipectomy in high-fat-fed mice decreased the number of keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas per mouse by 76 and 79%, respectively, compared with sham-operated control mice irradiated with UVB for 33 wk. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that partial lipectomy increased caspase 3 (active form) positive cells by 48% in precancerous epidermis away from tumors, by 68% in keratoacanthomas, and by 224% in squamous cell carcinomas compared with sham-operated control mice. In addition, partial lipectomy decreased cell proliferation away from tumors and in tumors. RT-PCR analysis for adipokines revealed that mRNAs for TIMP1, MCP1, and SerpinE1 (proinflammatory/antiapoptotic cytokines) in the parametrial fat pads of sham-operated control mice were 54- to 83-fold higher than levels in compensatory fat that returned after surgery in partially lipectomized mice at the end of the tumor study. Feeding mice high-fat diets for 2 wk increased levels of TIMP1 and other adipokines in serum and epidermis, and these increases were inhibited by removal of the parametrial fat pads. Our results are a unique demonstration that surgical removal of a specific tissue fat results in inhibition of carcinogenesis in obese mice. This inhibition was associated with an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation in tumors and in precancerous areas away from tumors.
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Ryu JH, Yim JE, Suk WH, Lee H, Ahn H, Kim YS, Park CS, Choue R. Sugar composition and glycemic indices of frequently consumed fruits in Korea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4163/kjn.2012.45.2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Ryu
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773, Korea
| | - Wan-Hee Suk
- Research Institute of Clinical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hansongyi Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - HyeJin Ahn
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Young-Seol Kim
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-872, Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Ryowon Choue
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Dietary patterns and risk of oesophageal cancers: a population-based case–control study. Br J Nutr 2011; 107:1207-16. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511004247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies investigating the association between dietary intake and oesophageal cancer have mostly focused on nutrients and food groups instead of dietary patterns. We conducted a population-based case–control study, which included 365 oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), 426 oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (OGJAC) and 303 oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases, with frequency matched on age, sex and geographical location to 1580 controls. Data on demographic, lifestyle and dietary factors were collected using self-administered questionnaires. We used principal component analysis to derive three dietary patterns: ‘meat and fat’, ‘pasta and pizza’ and ‘fruit and vegetable’, and unconditional logistic regression models to estimate risks of OAC, OGJAC and OSCC associated with quartiles (Q) of dietary pattern scores. A high score on the meat-and-fat pattern was associated with increased risk of all three cancers: multivariable-adjusted OR 2·12 (95 % CI 1·30, 3·46) for OAC; 1·88 (95 % CI 1·21, 2·94) for OGJAC; 2·84 (95 % CI 1·67, 4·83) for OSCC (P-trend < 0·01 for all three cancers). A high score on the pasta-and-pizza pattern was inversely associated with OSCC risk (OR 0·58, 95 % CI 0·36, 0·96,Pfor trend = 0·009); and a high score on the fruit-and-vegetable pattern was associated with a borderline significant decreased risk of OGJAC (OR for Q4v.Q1 0·66, 95 % CI 0·42, 1·04,P = 0·07) and significantly decreased risk of OSCC (OR 0·41, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·70,Pfor trend = 0·002). High-fat dairy foods appeared to play a dominant role in the association between the meat-and-fat pattern and risk of OAC and OGJAC. Further investigation in prospective studies is needed to confirm these findings.
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Food intake and risk of basal cell carcinoma in an 11-year prospective study of Australian adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 65:39-46. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Evans JA, Johnson EJ. The role of phytonutrients in skin health. Nutrients 2010; 2:903-28. [PMID: 22254062 PMCID: PMC3257702 DOI: 10.3390/nu2080903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodamage is known to occur in skin with exposure to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Such damage includes inflammation, oxidative stress, breakdown of the extracellular matrix, and development of cancer in the skin. Sun exposure is considered to be one of the most important risk factors for both nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancers. Many phytonutrients have shown promise as photoprotectants in clinical, animal and cell culture studies. In part, the actions of these phytonutrients are thought to be through their actions as antioxidants. In regard to skin health, phytonutrients of interest include vitamin E, certain flavonoids, and the carotenoids, β-carotene, lycopene and lutein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Evans
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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36
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Abstract
Sun protective measures can reduce numbers of both precancerous actinic keratoses and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas within relatively short periods of time even in high-risk populations. Sunscreens, which tend to provide greater protection against shortwave UVB than against longer wavelength UVA radiation, can however provide only partial protection from the mutagenic and immune suppressive effects of sunlight. In large part, this reflects poor compliance with proper sunscreen application and reapplication. Skin cancer is by far the most common malignancy in Caucasian populations, and additional strategies to reduce the morbidity and economic burden of this disease are now urgently needed. Nicotinamide, the amide form of vitamin B3, is an inexpensive agent which is used for a variety of dermatological applications with little or no toxicity even at high doses. Nicotinamide has photoprotective effects against carcinogenesis and immune suppression in mice, and is photoimmunoprotective in humans when used as a lotion or orally. UV irradiation depletes keratinocytes of cellular energy and nicotinamide, which is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, may act at least in part by providing energy repletion to irradiated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diona L Damian
- Dermatology, Gloucester House Level 3, University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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Shapira N. Nutritional approach to sun protection: a suggested complement to external strategies. Nutr Rev 2010; 68:75-86. [PMID: 20137053 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of skin cancer despite the use of externally applied sun protection strategies, alongside research showing that nutrients reduce photo-oxidative damage, suggest nutritional approaches could play a beneficial role in skin cancer prevention. Penetrating photo-oxidative ultraviolet A radiation reduces skin and blood antioxidants and damages cell components, including DNA. Dietary antioxidant vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals in addition to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-9 monounsaturated fatty acids, and low pro-inflammatory n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have demonstrated protective properties. The presence of these elements in the traditional Greek-style Mediterranean diet may have contributed to the low rates of melanoma in the Mediterranean region despite high levels of solar radiation. This suggests a potentially relevant model for studying dietary/nutritional supplementation for lifelong internal support of sun-protection mechanisms, which could complement external strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niva Shapira
- Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Chen YC, Christiani DC, Su HJJ, Hsueh YM, Smith TJ, Ryan LM, Chao SC, Lee JYY, Guo YLL. Early-life or lifetime sun exposure, sun reaction, and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma in an Asian population. Cancer Causes Control 2010; 21:771-6. [PMID: 20084542 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-010-9505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been widely accepted that sun exposure is a risk factor of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) among fair-skinned populations. However, sun exposure and sun reaction have not been explored in Asians and no gender-specific data were available. METHOD In a case-control study, 176 incident skin cancer cases were recruited from National Cheng-Kung University Medical Center from 1996 to 1999. Controls included 216 age-, gender-, and residency-matched subjects from the southwestern Taiwan. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on life style and other risk factors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between sun exposure or sun reaction and the risk of SCC by gender. RESULTS Early-age (age 15 to 24) and lifetime sun exposure were significantly associated with increased risk of SCC in a dose-response pattern [odds ratio (OR) = 1.49-3.08, trend p = 0.009 and 0.0007, respectively]. After stratified by gender, the third tertile of early-age sun exposure was significantly associated with the SCC risk among men (OR = 3.08). The second and third tertiles of lifetime sun exposure was significantly associated with SCC risk among women (OR = 3.78 and 4.53, respectively). Skin reaction after 2-h sun exposure during childhood and adolescence was not significantly associated with the risk of SCC. CONCLUSIONS Lifetime sun exposure was more related to SCC risk in women, while early-age sun exposure was more relevant to men's SCC risk. This may be attributable to different lifestyle between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ching Chen
- Research Center for Genes, Environment, and Human Health, and Institute of Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Piccardi N, Manissier P. Nutrition and nutritional supplementation: Impact on skin health and beauty. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2009; 1:271-4. [PMID: 20808515 PMCID: PMC2836433 DOI: 10.4161/derm.1.5.9706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Skin acts as a natural barrier between internal and external environments thus plays an important role in vital biological functions such as protection against mechanical/chemical damages, micro-organisms, ultraviolet damage. Nutrition has a critical impact on strengthening skin's capabilities to fight against these multiple aggressions.Nutritional deficiencies are often associated with skin health disorders, while diets can either positively or negatively influence skin condition. More recently, the concept of nutritional supplementation has emerged as a new strategy in the daily practice of dermatology as well as a complementary approach to topical cosmetics in the field of beauty. Focusing on human clinical data, this paper proposes to illustrate the link between skin health and nutrition and to exemplify the beneficial actions of nutritional supplementation in skin health and beauty.
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40
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Ibiebele TI, van der Pols JC, Hughes MC, Marks GC, Green AC. Dietary fat intake and risk of skin cancer: a prospective study in Australian adults. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:1678-84. [PMID: 19462452 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although intakes of dietary fat have been associated with both basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, the evidence is sparse and inconsistent. This study prospectively investigated the association between total dietary fat; saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids; and percent energy from fat in relation to BCC and SCC of the skin. At baseline in 1992, total fat intake and intake of fatty acids were assessed in an Australian community-based longitudinal study, using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in 1,057 adult residents (aged 25-75 years) in Nambour, Queensland. Information on demography, sun-sensitivity history and sun exposure factors were obtained using self-administered questionnaires. Associations with BCC and SCC in terms of persons newly affected and of tumor counts were assessed using Poisson and negative binomial regression models, respectively, based on incident, histologically-confirmed tumors occurring between 1992 and 2002. No significant linear trends were observed in overall risk of BCC or SCC of the skin with increasing total fat intake. However, in participants with a history of skin cancer, total fat intake (multivariable adjusted RR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.20-4.88; p for trend = 0.01) was associated with increased numbers of SCC tumors comparing the highest to lowest tertile. In conclusion, SCC tumor risk increased as total fat intake increased in people with a history of skin cancer. Dietary fats were not associated with BCC occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torukiri I Ibiebele
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Clive Berghofer Cancer Research Centre, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
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Hughes MCB, Williams GM, Fourtanier A, Green AC. Food intake, dietary patterns, and actinic keratoses of the skin: a longitudinal study. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:1246-55. [PMID: 19244366 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratoses (AKs) are premalignant actinic tumors of the skin. Evaluation of the role of diet in their development is lacking. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether intake of certain food groups or dietary patterns retard the occurrence of AKs over a 4.5-y period. DESIGN In a community-based study of skin cancer in Queensland, Australia, food intake of 1119 adults was assessed in 1992, 1994, and 1996 by using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Dermatologists counted prevalent AKs during full-body skin examinations in 1992 and 1996. The relative ratio (RR) of AK counts in 1996 relative to 1992 was compared across increasing intakes of 26 food groups, and for 3 dietary patterns identified by principal components analysis, with the use of generalized linear models with negative binomial distribution, allowing for repeated measures. All analyses were adjusted for confounding factors, including skin color and sun exposure indexes. RESULTS AK acquisition decreased by 28% (RR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.95) among the highest consumers of oily fish (average of one serving every 5 d) compared with those with minimal intake. Similarly, the rate of acquisition of AKs was reduced by 27% (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.99) in those with the highest consumption of wine (average of half a glass a day in this study population). There was no consistent association of dietary pattern with AK acquisition. CONCLUSION Moderate intake of oily fish and of wine may decrease the acquisition of AKs and thus complement sun protection measures in the control of actinic skin tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celia B Hughes
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Kolahdooz F, Ibiebele TI, van der Pols JC, Webb PM. Dietary patterns and ovarian cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:297-304. [PMID: 19056595 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence for a role of individual foods and nutrients in the causation of ovarian cancer is inconclusive. To date, few studies have considered dietary patterns in relation to ovarian cancer risk. OBJECTIVE We conducted a population-based case-control study in Australia to identify and analyze dietary patterns in relation to ovarian cancer risk. DESIGN Principal components analysis of 40 food groups was performed to identify eating patterns in 683 women with epithelial ovarian cancer and in 777 control women aged 18-79 y. Detailed information on risk factors was obtained through face-to-face interviews, whereas dietary information was obtained by administering a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire for subjects to complete themselves. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for ovarian cancer risk were estimated with logistic regression modeling. RESULTS Three major eating patterns were identified: "snacks and alcohol," "fruit and vegetable," and "meat and fat." A significant inverse association between the snacks and alcohol pattern and ovarian cancer risk (highest compared with lowest group, multivariable-adjusted OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.82; P for trend: 0.001) was attenuated after further adjustment for white or red wine intake. The fruit and vegetable pattern was not associated with risk. The meat and fat pattern was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (highest compared with lowest group, multivariable-adjusted OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.75, 3.55; P for trend < 0.0001). Further adjustment for body mass index strengthened this association. CONCLUSIONS A diet characterized by high meat and fat intake may increase the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. A diet high in fruit and vegetables was not associated with reduced risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Kolahdooz
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
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Kwon JH, Shim JE, Park MK, Paik HY. Evaluation of Fruits and Vegetables Intake for Prevention of Chronic Disease in Korean Adults Aged 30 Years and Over: Using the Third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III), 2005. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.4163/kjn.2009.42.2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Shim
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hee Young Paik
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy John Sullivan
- Eyelid, Lacrimal and Orbital Clinic, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
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Grange F. [Skin cancer: what's new in clinical research?]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2008; 134 Suppl 1:8S53-63. [PMID: 18675141 DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(07)80560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Every year skin cancer is the subject of many publications. In this review of the recent literature, we selected epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic data published between October 2006 and September 2007. Some of the studies presented in conferences in 2007 are also mentioned. New epidemiological data have been provided regarding the incidence of different types of skin cancers, the effect of certain risk factors or drug or food protective factors, the overall improvement of survival in melanoma, the epidemiological, clinical, and/or therapeutic particularities of rapidely growing melanomas and thick melanomas, and the relations between sun exposure, skin cancers, and other solid tumors. New prognostic studies in melanoma have improved the evaluation of prognosis in specific situations such as thin melanoma, acrolentiginous melanoma, and melanoma with positive sentinel lymph nodes (depending on the type of positivity) or negative sentinel lymph nodes. Important results on adjuvant interferon in melanoma have been presented. Clinical trials evaluating new therapeutic approaches in stage III and IV melanoma are going on. Several studies confirmed the clinical benefit of adjuvant irradiation on the tumor site in Merkel cell carcinoma. New treatments are being studied or have been approved in refractory forms of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and in inoperable forms of squamous cell carcinoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grange
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, avenue du Général-Koenig, 51092 Reims cedex, France.
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Heinen MM, Hughes MC, Ibiebele TI, Marks GC, Green AC, van der Pols JC. Intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of skin cancer. Eur J Cancer 2007; 43:2707-16. [PMID: 17988857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2007.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2007] [Accepted: 09/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the associations between intake of antioxidant nutrients and risk of basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the skin, we carried out a prospective study among 1001 randomly selected adults living in an Australian community. Intake of antioxidants was estimated in 1996. Incident, histologically-confirmed BCC and SCC were recorded between 1996 and 2004. High dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin was associated with a reduced incidence of SCC in persons who had a history of skin cancer at baseline (highest versus lowest tertile, multivariable adjusted relative risk (RR)=0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.89; P for trend=0.02). In persons without a history of skin cancer at baseline, development of BCC was positively associated with intake of vitamins C and E from foods plus supplements (RR=3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-8.6; P for trend=0.03 and RR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.1-6.3; P for trend=0.02, respectively). In those with a skin cancer history at baseline, dietary intake in the second tertile for beta-carotene (multivariable adjusted RR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.1) and for vitamin E (multivariable adjusted RR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.9) was associated with increased BCC risk, with no trend, and similar results were seen in those with a specific history of BCC. These data suggest quite different associations between antioxidant intake and SCC compared with BCC, consistent with other evidence of their different causal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam M Heinen
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
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