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Johns C, Kwon YS, Rahimi AS, Liu Y, Cauble M, Alluri PG, Arbab M, Nwachukwu CR, Kim N. Racial Difference in Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients with Residual Nodal Disease after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e186. [PMID: 37784814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) African Americans (AA) requiring neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have been associated with worse outcomes. Residual nodal disease (ypN+) after NAC represents a highly unfavorable risk factor. We hypothesized that even within this unfavorable subgroup, that racial differences in outcome would persist. MATERIALS/METHODS An IRB-approved retrospective review of breast cancer (BC) patients in a multi-institutional study was performed between 2005-2018 to identify ypN+ patients (excluding metastatic or inflammatory BC). Clinico-pathologic parameters stratified by race were collected and analyzed. For molecular subtype analyses, patients were stratified into triple negative (TN), hormone receptor (HR)+/HER2-, and HR+/HER2+, and HR-/HER2+ subtypes. Overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) and recurrence outcomes were obtained, and univariate and multivariate (MVA) logistic regression models were constructed and analyzed. RESULTS Among 404 ypN+ patients, 107 (26%) were AA, and 297 (74%) were non-AA. Median follow-up for the non-AA group was 3.8 years (y) (IQR 2.4-6.3) and 3.5y (IQR 2.0-6.2) for the AA group. Clinical and pathologic patient characteristics (age, molecular subtypes, BRCA status, histology, grade, smoking status, primary surgery type, axillary/reconstruction surgery rates, margin status, stage) were without significant statistical differences between the non-AA and AA group, except the non-AA group had proportionally more cN3 disease (10.5% vs. 5.1%; p = .01). Despite this, AA demonstrated worse OS and DFS outcomes (Table). AA also had significantly worse local (15% vs. 6.7%, p = .02), regional (11.2% vs. 5.1%, p = .05) and distant recurrences (32.7% vs. 22.6%, p = .05) compared to non-AA. On MVA for OS and DFS, HR+ status, clinical stage, and AA race (HR 2.1 (CI 1.3-3.4), p = .004 and HR 1.7 (CI 1.1-2.6), p = .01 respectively) remained significant. Molecular subtype analysis demonstrated that AA with HR+/HER2- but not the TN subtypes demonstrated significantly worse outcomes (Table). Utilization of endocrine therapy was not different between AA and non-AA patients (94% vs. 97%, p = 0.3) to explain this discrepancy. Worse outcomes in HER2 subtype for AA group was suggested but could not be statistically verified due to insufficient sample size. There was no discernible difference in chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimen or compliance between the AA and non-AA groups. CONCLUSION AA patients who fail to achieve nodal clearance with NAC had higher local, regional and distant recurrence, and worse survival compared to non-AA, particularly those with non-TN status. These differences could not be readily explained by therapeutic disparity, or compliance. These hypothesis generating findings suggest need to explore biological implications, and alternative therapeutic strategies for this unfavorable subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Johns
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Y S Kwon
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - M Cauble
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - P G Alluri
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - C R Nwachukwu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - N Kim
- Vanderbilt University Department of Radiation Oncology, Nashville, TN
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Kwon YS, Parsons DDM, Kim N, Lu W, Gu X, Stojadinovic S, Alluri PG, Arbab M, Lin MH, Chen L, Gonzalez Y, Chiu TD, Zhang Y, Timmerman RD, Rahimi AS. Assessment of Cardiac Radiation Dose in the Co-60 Prone Based Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation (CP-sPBI) Using the Distance from the Heart to the Planning Treatment Volume as a Surrogate Marker. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e682. [PMID: 37786008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Irradiation of the breast has shown to provide sharp dose gradients using Co-60 prone based stereotactic partial breast irradiation (CP-sPBI), a contemporary device for stereotactic radiotherapy for breast cancer (BC) for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI). In addition, the precise setup of CP-sPBI permits a small planning treatment volume (PTV) margin of 3 mm creating a greater distance from PTV to organs at risk. However, to date the factors that influence dose gradients and subsequent cardiac doses of ionizing radiation using CP-sPBI have not been well-studied. Here we evaluate distance of the heart to the lumpectomy PTV cavity and how this effects cardiac dose. MATERIALS/METHODS A retrospective database of 113 consecutive patients treated by CP-sPBI for APBI from March 2019 to February 2023 who were treated with 30 Gy in 5 fractions were queried for analysis. The minimum distance from the heart to the PTV (hP) was measured in either the axial or sagittal view. A group of 28 patient cases were randomly selected to achieve an even distribution of 28 cases with hP < 2.75 cm and hP ≥ 2.75 cm to compare cardiac toxicities based on hP. Descriptive analyses were performed to evaluate various cardiac dosimetric parameters based on laterality of BC and hP, using the student's t test. RESULTS The mean (range) hP was 4.58 cm (0.80-12.23) for all cases. The subgroup analyses of 28 patient cases with cardiac parameters showed the heart mean (range) dose of 1.20 Gy (0.01-2.11). The mean and max heart dose to the left-sided BC were similar to those to the right-sided BC (mean dose: 1.20 vs. 1.19 Gy; P = 0.97 and max dose: 10.47 vs. 5.66 Gy; P = 0.06). An inverse correlation between hP and mean heart dose was shown with the correlation coefficient of -0.81. Using a cutoff of 2.75 cm hP, the differences between hP < 2.75 and hP ≥ 2.75 cm for all cardiac dosimetric evaluations were all statistically significant, including mean (1.67 vs. 0.79 Gy; p<0.01) and maximal heart dose (14.48 vs. 4.11 Gy; p<0.01) CONCLUSION: CP-sPBI treatment delivery system was able to achieve acceptable clinically relevant heart dosimetric parameters when delivering 5 fraction APBI with a mean heart dose of 1.20 Gy for all locations of PTV cavity volume in the breast. Due to CP-sPBIs excellent dose fall-off characteristics, APBI using CP-SPBI showed clinically acceptable cardiac dosimetric parameters, particularly for PTVs located > 2.75 cm from the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - N Kim
- Vanderbilt University Department of Radiation Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | - W Lu
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - X Gu
- Stanford University Department of Radiation Oncology, Palo Alto, CA
| | - S Stojadinovic
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P G Alluri
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - L Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Gonzalez
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T D Chiu
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Tan VS, Correa RJM, Warner A, Ali M, Muacevic A, Ponsky L, Ellis RJ, Lo SS, Onishi H, Swaminath A, Kwon YS, Morgan SC, Cury F, Teh BS, Mahadevan A, Kaplan ID, Chu W, Hannan R, Staehler M, Grubb W, Louie AV, Siva S. 5-Year Renal Function Outcomes after SABR for Primary Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Report from the International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium of the Kidney (IROCK). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S84. [PMID: 37784588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presents uncommonly in patients with a congenital solitary kidney or prior contralateral nephrectomy. The objective of this study was to compare renal function outcomes of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) in patients with solitary vs. bilateral kidneys. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients with primary RCC with ≥2 years of follow-up at 12 participating International Radiosurgery Consortium for Kidney (IROCK) institutions were included. Patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma or metastatic disease were excluded. Renal function was measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). For patients where eGFR was not recorded, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation was used to estimate eGFR based on known creatinine. Baseline characteristics and renal function outcomes were compared between solitary vs. bilateral kidneys. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors predictive of eGFR decline ≥ 15 mL/min and any eGFR increase evaluated at 1-year post-SABR. RESULTS One hundred and ninety patients with solitary (n = 56) or bilateral kidneys (n = 134) underwent SABR and were followed for a median of 5.0 years (IQR: 3.4-6.8). Pre-SABR eGFR (mean ± SD) was similar in patients with solitary (61.1 ± 23.2 mL/min) vs. bilateral kidneys (58.0 ± 22.3 mL/min, p = 0.324). Mean tumor size was 3.70 ± 1.40 cm in solitary and 4.35 ± 2.50 cm in bilateral kidneys (p = 0.026). After SABR, an initial compensatory increase in eGFR was observed in both cohorts (22.7% solitary and 17.7% bilateral at 1 year). This compensatory increase persisted in patients with bilateral but not a solitary kidney (10.3% vs. 0% at 3-years and 21.1% vs. 0% at 5-years, respectively). At 5-years post-SABR, eGFR decreased by -14.5 ± 7.6 in solitary and -13.3 ± 15.9 mL/min in bilateral kidneys (p = 0.665). At all timepoints assessed, there were no significant differences in eGFR decline between solitary vs. bilateral cohorts (all p > 0.05). There were also no significant differences in post-SABR end-stage renal disease (7.1% vs. 6.7%) or dialysis (3.6% vs. 3.7%) in solitary vs. bilateral, respectively. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that increasing tumor size (OR per 1 cm: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.14-2.16, p = 0.006) and baseline eGFR (OR per 10 mL/min: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.02-1.66, p = 0.034) was more likely to be associated with eGFR decline ≥ 15 mL/min. There was no significant association between solitary vs. bilateral kidney and eGFR decline (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.45-3.34, p = 0.693). CONCLUSION There was no observed difference between renal function outcomes in patients with a solitary vs. bilateral kidneys. While larger tumor size may increase the risk of eGFR decline post-SABR, treatment of a solitary kidney does not appear to increase the risk of renal dysfunction long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Tan
- London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, Canada
| | - R J M Correa
- London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, Canada
| | - A Warner
- London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, Canada
| | - M Ali
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Muacevic
- University of Munich Hospitals, Munich, Germany
| | - L Ponsky
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - S S Lo
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - H Onishi
- University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - A Swaminath
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Y S Kwon
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S C Morgan
- The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - F Cury
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B S Teh
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - A Mahadevan
- NYU Langone Health Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - I D Kaplan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - W Chu
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Hannan
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M Staehler
- University of Munich Hospitals, Munich, Germany
| | - W Grubb
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - A V Louie
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Siva
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Kwon YS, Stein M, Hsu EJ, Rahimi AS, Arbab M, Nwachukwu CR, Timmerman RD, Kumar KA. The Changing Profile of Academic Radiation Oncology Leaders: Updates over the Past Decade. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e524. [PMID: 37785632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To report objective characteristics of program directors (PDs) and chairpersons and examine contemporary trends of their demographic and academic profiles from 2013 to 2023. We hypothesize that there are significant changes in the profiles of our radiation oncology leaders over the past decade. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 89 PDs and 85 chairpersons in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-approved residency programs in the U.S were queried for analysis. Demographic data on race, ethnicity, post graduate training, years in practice were obtained from publicly available online resources (e.g., institutional websites and online networking services for physicians). Variables on academic productivity and professional accolades included Hirsh-index, National Institute of Health (NIH) research grant (R), the ASTRO fellowship designation, and leadership positions in professional society meetings. Descriptive analyses, including Fisher's exact tests, were performed to compare findings from the published article in 2013 on this topic (Wilson LD et al. IJROBP 2013). RESULTS A total of 36 out of 89 PDs (40.4%) and 11 out of 85 chairpersons (12.8%) were females, revealing higher proportion of females from the initial analysis: 40.4 vs. 24.1% for PDs (p = 0.025) and 12.8 vs. 9.2% for chairpersons (p = 0.618). 29 out of 89 (32.6%) PDs and 30 out of 85 (35.3%) chairpersons were non-White. The median length of practice for PDs and chairpersons were 11 and 29 years, respectively. 38 out of 89 PDs (42.7%) and 11 out of 85 (12.9%) chairpersons were employed at the institution of their training. 7 out of 89 (7.9%) for PDs and 51 out of 85 (60.0%) for chairpersons were awarded FASTRO designation. Median H-index showed increasing trends for PDs (14.5 vs 9) and chairpersons (40 vs 29) from the initial analysis. CONCLUSION While most PDs and chairpersons are males, female representation has increased in radiation oncology leadership in the last 10 years, most notably among PDs. Academic productivity among our leaders has also increased. These trends highlight the changes in the landscape of our leadership characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M Stein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - E J Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - C R Nwachukwu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - K A Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Kwon YS, Jang JG, Lee J, Choi KJ, Park JE. Risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in patients on linezolid-containing regimens for drug-resistant TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:232-234. [PMID: 36855040 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J G Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - K-J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Kwon YS, Yang YY, Park Y, Park YK, Kim S. Dietary Assessment and Factors According to Fruits and Vegetables Intake in Korean Elderly People: Analysis of Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113492. [PMID: 33203012 PMCID: PMC7698264 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed dietary assessment and factors according to fruits and vegetables intake in Korean elderly people. We enrolled 8336 Korean elderly people aged ≥65 who participated in the dietary intake survey (24-h recall methods) of the 2013-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination (KNHANES). The intake of fruits and unsalted/non-starchy vegetables was 372.06 g/day. According to age group, the intake in the age group 65-74 years as 422.47 g/day, and the intake in the age group 75 years + was 301.12 g/day. Based on the intake of daily meals and snacks, the intake of fruits and unsalted/non-starchy vegetables was the highest in snack-eating individuals (480.96 g/day). The subjects who consumed more than the World Health Organization (WHO)/World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)'s plant food intake standards (over 400 g/day of intake of fruits and unsalted/non-starchy vegetables) were 35.47% of the elderly people. These results suggest that it is necessary to develop more fundamental strategies to increase fruits and vegetables intake among elderly people. Furthermore, the study outcomes are expected to provide basic information for developing education programs to improve the dietary life of Korean elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Suk Kwon
- Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (Y.-S.K.); (Y.-Y.Y.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yu-Yeong Yang
- Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (Y.-S.K.); (Y.-Y.Y.); (Y.P.)
| | - Younghee Park
- Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (Y.-S.K.); (Y.-Y.Y.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yoo-Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
| | - Sohye Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
- Nutrition Care Services, Seoul National University of Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Kwon YS, Kim Y. Fruit and vegetable intake of Korean children and adolescents according to cooking location and daily meal: study based on 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2017; 27:217-230. [PMID: 29222902 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.032017.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study analyzed the intake of fruits and vegetables by cooking location and daily meals for Korean children and adolescents. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN For this study, 2,538 Korean children and adolescents aged 7-18 years, who participated in the 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dietary intake survey (24-hour recall methods), were sampled. RESULTS The total unsalted fruit and vegetable intake for all subjects was 300 g (aged 7-12 years, 280 g; aged 13-18 years, 316 g). Regarding meal serving location, the combined unsalted fruit and vegetable intake was 159 g at home, 206 g at commercial locations, and 104 g at institutions. The combined unsalted fruit and vegetable intake in snack form was 128 g, which was higher than that during daily meals. In total, 24.9% of subjects satisfied the recommended fruit and vegetable intake (>=400 g), according to the guidelines created by the World Health Organization/World Cancer Research Fund. Logistic regression analysis results revealed that the fruit and vegetable intake of girls was 1.4 times higher than that of boys, and the number of people who ate more than 400 g of fruits and vegetables was 1.7 times higher in the group with higher education. CONCLUSIONS Based on the above results, in-depth measures to continuously increase intake of fruits and vegetables in children and adolescents are needed. This study can be used as basic data for the development of educational programs for dietary improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Suk Kwon
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Yangsuk Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, Korea.
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Baek SH, Do SH, Choi KY, Kwon YS, Wolter AUB, Nishimoto S, van den Brink J, Büchner B. Evidence for a Field-Induced Quantum Spin Liquid in α-RuCl_{3}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:037201. [PMID: 28777603 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.037201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a ^{35}Cl nuclear magnetic resonance study in the honeycomb lattice α-RuCl_{3}, a material that has been suggested to potentially realize a Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state. Our results provide direct evidence that α-RuCl_{3} exhibits a magnetic-field-induced QSL. For fields larger than ∼10 T, a spin gap opens up while resonance lines remain sharp, evidencing that spins are quantum disordered and locally fluctuating. The spin gap increases linearly with an increasing magnetic field, reaching ∼50 K at 15 T, and is nearly isotropic with respect to the field direction. The unusual rapid increase of the spin gap with increasing field and its isotropic nature are incompatible with conventional magnetic ordering and, in particular, exclude that the ground state is a fully polarized ferromagnet. The presence of such a field-induced gapped QSL phase has indeed been predicted in the Kitaev model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Baek
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - S-H Do
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - K-Y Choi
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kwon
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - A U B Wolter
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Nishimoto
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - B Büchner
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Seo JY, Kwon YS, Kim KJ, Shin JY, Kim YH, Ha KY. Clinical importance of posterior vertebral height loss on plain radiography when conservatively treating osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Injury 2017; 48:1503-1509. [PMID: 28477991 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To predict spinal canal compromise, the assessment of plain radiography with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can aid the detection of vertebral body collapse and prevent the development of neurological deficits. METHODS Patients who suffered osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) between January 2012 and December 2014 underwent consecutive radiological assessments, including measurements of anterior height loss (AHL), posterior height loss (PHL), and the kyphotic angle (KA). The fracture morphology was classified by AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system. MRI was performed at the initial assessment and the extent of canal encroachment (CE) was calculated in all patients. Follow-up computed tomography (CT) or MRI was performed in patients exhibiting significant height loss in follow-up radiography. The fracture patterns in T1- and T2-weighted MRI were also assessed. RESULTS A total of 485 patients visited our institute for treatment of OVFs and 97 were enrolled; 15 were male and 82 were female. The mean age at initial visit was 70.3±14.6years. The initial spinal CE was correlated with the initial PHL and the initial AHL. The follow-up CE was correlated with age, the initial PHL, and the difference between the initial and last PHL (ΔPHL(initial-last)). OVFs with both endplate fractures have a greater tendency of posterior wall collapse than those with single endplate fracture. On initial T1-weighted sagittal MRI, a diffuse low signal change pattern of the fractured vertebra was correlated with PHL. Delayed neurological deficits developed in four patients. These patients underwent surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS In patients with simple compression fractures, attention should be paid to the posterior vertebral body and both endplates as well as the T1-weighted MRI findings to allow early detection of spinal canal compromise, which can have devastating consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yeong Seo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Jung Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yong Shin
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Yong Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon YS, Park YK, Chang HJ, Ju SY. Relationship Between Plant Food (Fruits, Vegetables, and Kimchi) Consumption and the Prevalence of Rhinitis Among Korean Adults: Based on the 2011 and 2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. J Med Food 2017; 19:1130-1140. [PMID: 27982757 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to analyze the relationship between plant food (fruits, vegetables, and kimchi) and the prevalence of rhinitis among Korean adults using data from the 2011 and 2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 7494 subjects aged from 19 to 64 years participated in a rhinitis morbidity survey, health behavior interview, and 24-h dietary recall test. Individuals with energy intakes less than 500 kcal or more than 5000 kcal were excluded. The results showed that kimchi intake was inversely associated with the prevalence of rhinitis. The prevalence of rhinitis decreased with increasing kimchi consumption. The quintile 4 (range of kimchi intake: 108.0-180.0 g) groups, compared with the reference of quintile 1 (0-23.7 g), showed a decrease of 18.9% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.811, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.672-0.979) in Model 4. In conclusion, consumption of kimchi lowers the risk of rhinitis, suggesting that its use should be encouraged among the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Suk Kwon
- 1 Research Institute of Natural Science, Sangmyung University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo-Kyung Park
- 2 Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University , Yongin, Korea
| | - Hye-Ja Chang
- 3 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University , Cheonan, Korea
| | - Se-Young Ju
- 3 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University , Cheonan, Korea
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Patra JK, Lee SW, Kwon YS, Park JG, Baek KH. Chemical characterization and antioxidant potential of volatile oil from an edible seaweed Porphyra tenera (Kjellman, 1897). Chem Cent J 2017; 11:34. [PMID: 29086819 PMCID: PMC5392187 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Porphyra tenera (Kjellman, 1897) is the most common eatable red seaweed in Asia. In the present study, P. tenera volatile oil (PTVO) was extracted from dried P. tenera sheets that were used as food by the microwave hydrodistillation procedure, after which the characterization of its chemical constituents was done by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy and its antioxidant potential was evaluated by a number of in vitro biochemical assays such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and reducing power assay and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Results A total of 30 volatile compounds comprising about 99.4% of the total volume were identified, of which trans-beta-ionone (20.9%), hexadecanoic acid (9.2%) and 2,6-nonadienal (8.7%) were present in higher quantities. PTVO exhibited strong free radical scavenging activity by DPPH scavenging (44.62%), NO scavenging (28.45%) and superoxide scavenging (54.27%) at 500 µg/mL. Similarly, it displayed strong ABTS radical scavenging (IC50 value of 177.83 µg/mL), hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC50 value of 109.70 µg/mL), and moderate lipid peroxidation inhibition activity (IC50 value of 231.80 µg/mL) and reducing power (IC0.5 value of 126.58 µg/mL). PTVO exhibited strong antioxidant potential in a concentration dependent manner and the results were comparable with the BHT and α-tocopherol, taken as the reference standard compounds (positive controls). Conclusions Taken together, PTVO with potential bioactive chemical compounds and strong antioxidant activity could be utilized in the cosmetic industries for making antioxidant rich anti-aging and sun-screen lotion and in the food sector industries as food additives and preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, South Korea
| | - Se-Weon Lee
- International Technology Cooperation Center, RDA, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Park
- Pohang Center for Evaluation of Biomaterials, Pohang Technopark Foundation, Pohang, 37668, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
The domesticated apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) is a major fruit crop of temperate regions of the world. 'Fuji' apple (Ralls Genet x Delicious), a famous apple cultivar in Korea, has been very popular since its promotion in Japan in 1958. 'Fuji' and its bud mutant cultivars possess variable levels of genetic diversity. Nonetheless, the phenotypes of each group, which are classified into the bud mutation groups: early season, fruiting spur, and coloring, are similar. Despite attempts to identify these bud mutation cultivars, molecular markers, which were developed before the emergence of next-generation sequencing technology, have not been able to distinguish each cultivar easily. In this study, we adopted the resequencing technique using the 'Golden Delicious' (Grimes Golden x Unknown) apple genome as a reference. SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and InDels (insertions or deletions) of 'Fuji' apple and its bud mutant cultivar were detected and SNPs and unique InDels distinct to each cultivar were identified. Data from this study may be used to identify bud mutant cultivars of 'Fuji' apples and be useful for further breeding of apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lee
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - G H Kim
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - S I Kwon
- Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Gunwi, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Gunwi, Korea
| | - Y S Kwon
- Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Gunwi, Korea
| | - C Choi
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Ahn SH, Roh HJ, Cho HJ, You SG, Lee SH, Kwon YS. Pure non-gestational choriocarcinoma arising in the ovary. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:549-553. [PMID: 29894083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-gestational choriocarcinoma (NGCO) is a rare primary ovarian cancer with poor prognosis. It is important to distinguish it from gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma (GCO), because there are different treatment options. However, it is difficult to distinguish the two types by routine histologic, ultrastructural, or immunohistochemical examination. The authors present NGCO in a 41-year-old woman, which was confirmed by DNA polymorphism analysis. All tested microsatellite markers had identical DNA profiles with the same allelic sizes between tumor and normal myometrium of the patient, indicating that both tissues originated from the same person. The results confirmed that the tumor was non-gestational in origin. Although the tumor was large, the authors performed hand- assisted laparoscopic surgical (HALS) staging. After three cycles of combination chemotherapy and surgery, the patient has not had any evidence of disease 48 months after treatment. This case demonstrates the usefulness of HALS staging and DNA polymorphism analysis in NGCO.
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14
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Lee E, Kim DH, Kim HW, Denlinger JD, Kim H, Kim J, Kim K, Min BI, Min BH, Kwon YS, Kang JS. The 7 × 1 Fermi Surface Reconstruction in a Two-dimensional f -electron Charge Density Wave System: PrTe3. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30318. [PMID: 27453329 PMCID: PMC4958976 DOI: 10.1038/srep30318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic structure of a charge density wave (CDW) system PrTe3 and its modulated structure in the CDW phase have been investigated by employing ARPES, XAS, Pr 4 f RPES, and first-principles band structure calculation. Pr ions are found to be nearly trivalent, supporting the CDW instability in the metallic Te sheets through partial filling. Finite Pr 4 f spectral weight is observed near the Fermi level, suggesting the non-negligible Pr 4 f contribution to the CDW formation through the Pr 4 f -Te 5p hybridization. The two-fold symmetric features in the measured Fermi surface (FS) of PrTe3 are explained by the calculated FS for the assumed 7 × 1 CDW supercell formation in Te sheets. The shadow bands and the corresponding very weak FSs are observed, which originate from both the band folding due to the 3D interaction of Te sheets with neighboring Pr-Te layers and that due to the CDW-induced FS reconstruction. The straight vertical FSs are observed along kz, demonstrating the nearly 2D character for the near-EF states. The observed linear dichroism reveals the in-plane orbital character of the near-EF Te 5p states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsook Lee
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
| | - J D Denlinger
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 12345, USA
| | - Heejung Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Junwon Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Kyoo Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea.,MPPC CPM, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - B I Min
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - B H Min
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Y S Kwon
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - J-S Kang
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
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15
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Kwon YS, Lee SH, Hwang YC, Rosa V, Lee KW, Min KS. Behaviour of human dental pulp cells cultured in a collagen hydrogel scaffold cross-linked with cinnamaldehyde. Int Endod J 2016; 50:58-66. [PMID: 26650820 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of the cross-linking agent cinnamaldehyde (CA) on differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) cultured in a collagen hydrogel, which may be useful as a scaffold for regenerative endodontic therapy. METHODOLOGY The odontogenic potential of hDPCs exposed to CA was examined using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin red S staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction for odontogenic gene expression. The morphological features of hDPCs cultured in CA-treated collagen were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Determination of cell numbers for evaluating proliferation was assessed by optical and fluorescence microscopy. To assess the mechanical properties of collagen treated with CA, setting time, compressive strength and surface roughness were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test compared with control (P = 0.05). RESULTS CA per se did not increase ALP activity, calcium nodule formation and expression of odontogenic-related markers (P > 0.05). On the contrary, the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs cultured in a collagen scaffold was promoted in the presence of CA (P < 0.05). The setting time was significantly shortened, and the compressive strength and surface roughness were increased by treatment with CA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cross-linking of collagen scaffolds by CA had beneficial effects with respect to attachment, proliferation and differentiation of hDPCs. Consequently, the application of cross-linking agents such as CA may represent a new strategy for dentine-pulp complex regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Y C Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - V Rosa
- Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - K S Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
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16
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Kwon YS, Im KS, Choi DI. Ovarian large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in the youngest woman. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:244-246. [PMID: 27172753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC) of the ovary is a rare tumor in gynecologic oncologic field. An 18-year-old woman presented with abdominal distention and a pelvic mass measuring ten cm in diameter, who previously underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy due to large borderline mucinous ovarian neoplasm 18 months prior. A debulking operation was optimally performed, which included total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection, bilateral paraaortic lymph node dissection, omentectomy, optimal debulking of gastrohepatic mass and subdiaphragmatic mass, and pelvic peritonectomy. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin, the patient died of progressive disease seven months after surgery. The authors report the youngest case of LCNC of the ovary, that failed chemotherapy and had the previous history of the conservative surgical treatment due to mucinous borderline tumor.
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17
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Kwon YS, You SK, Im KS, Kim AS. Rectovaginal fistula caused by retained colpotomy cup after surgery. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2016; 43:271-273. [PMID: 27132427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Colpotomizer instruments are commonly used in laparoscopic hysterectomy to easily manipulate the uterus. This is the case of a forgotten colpotomy cup retained in the vagina for five years, which led to a rectovaginal fistula. A 54-year-old woman without knowledge of presence of the foreign body visited with chronic abdominal pain and foul odorous discharge. Rectovaginal fistula caused by the retained forgotten colpotomy cup was found upon examination.
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18
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Kwack JY, Kwon YS, Im KS. Anti-adhesive film mimicking local recurrence during follow up after surgical treatment of gynecologic malignancy. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:133-134. [PMID: 27048126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A 51-year-old woman received a laparoscopic surgical staging operation due to endometrial carcinoma. Adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy was performed when the endometrial carcinoma was staged at FIGO Stage IIIC1, adnexa metastasis. Three months completing adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy, a 2.5-cm vaginal stump mass was found by abdomino-pelvic computed tomography (AP-CT). To rule out local recurrence, diagnostic laparoscopic exploration was performed. The pathologic report revealed chronic inflammation due to the presence of a foreign body. To avoid unnecessary surgery during the follow-up of patients with gynecologic malignancies, anti-adhesive material should be avoided which can possibly cause a lesion mimicking local recurrence.
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19
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Seon HJ, Kim YI, Lim SC, Kim YH, Kwon YS. Clinical significance of residual lesions in chest computed tomography after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:341-6. [PMID: 24670573 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical significance of residual lesions in chest computed tomography (CT) findings at the end of anti-tuberculosis treatment. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 66 newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) who were proven bacteriologically and/or histologically between March 2009 and December 2011. All patients were treated with standard short-course chemotherapy. Chest CT scans were performed before and after treatment. We assessed the residual lesions according to the response to treatment: possible active, equivocal and no active lesions. RESULTS The most common CT finding before anti-tuberculosis treatment was bronchogenic spreading inflammation, such as the tree-in-bud appearance. After completion of anti-tuberculosis treatment, regression of the initial parenchymal findings was found in all types of PTB lesions except consolidations. According to the treatment response, 33 (50%) patients had possible active lesions, 5 (8%) had equivocal lesions and 28 (42%) had no active lesions. However, no lesions progressed during a median follow-up of 15 months (interquartile range 10-21 months) after treatment completion, and no patient relapsed during this period. CONCLUSIONS If initial parenchymal lesions regressed after sufficient TB treatment, residual lesions were not suggestive of persistent activity or the possibility of early relapse of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Seon
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y I Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Kim Y, Kwon YS, Park YH, Choe JS, Lee JY. Analysis of consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits in Korean adolescents based on Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey (2006, 2011). Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:411-9. [PMID: 26244081 PMCID: PMC4523486 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study analyzed factors affecting consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits in Korean adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS Consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits, general characteristics, meal, health, and other variables were analyzed for a total of 147,047 adolescents who participated in the KYRBWS (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey) conducted in 2006 and 2011 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits more than once a day significantly decreased in 2011 compared to 2006 based on Chi-square test conducted for every factor employed in the study. Analysis of factors showed that consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits were reduced in both study years as subjective income decreased, whereas intake frequencies increased with mother's education level and reduction of adolescent stress level. CONCLUSIONS In general, consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits decreased in 2011 compared to those in 2006. Thus, future research needs to improve dietary guidelines for nutrition education in order for students to recognize the importance of food consumption and necessity of increasing daily serving sizes of vegetables and fruits for their balanced consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangsuk Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kwon
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Park
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Choe
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseomyeon, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 560-500, Korea
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Hwang J, Carbotte JP, Min BH, Kwon YS, Timusk T. Electron-boson spectral density of LiFeAs obtained from optical data. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:055701. [PMID: 25612554 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/5/055701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We analyze existing optical data in the superconducting state of LiFeAs at T = 4 K, to recover its electron-boson spectral density. A maximum entropy technique is employed to extract the spectral density I(2)χ(ω) from the optical scattering rate. Care is taken to properly account for elastic impurity scattering which can importantly affect the optics in an s-wave superconductor, but does not eliminate the boson structure. We find a robust peak in I(2)χ(ω) centered about Ω(R) ≅ 8.0 meV or 5.3 k(B)Tc (with Tc = 17.6 K). Its position in energy agrees well with a similar structure seen in scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). There is also a peak in the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) data at this same energy. This peak is found to persist in the normal state at T = 23 K. There is evidence that the superconducting gap is anisotropic as was also found in low temperature angular resolved photoemission (ARPES) data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hwang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
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22
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Min BH, Kwon YS. Geometrical spin frustration in Pr5Ni2Si3 composed of triangular crystal lattices. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:326002. [PMID: 25036005 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/32/326002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the transport, magnetic and thermal properties of Pr5Ni2Si3 with complex triangular lattices under various magnetic fields. The ferromagnetic transitions in the basal plane were observed at T(C1) = 52 K and T(C2) = 65 K. A decrease in magnetization below 30 K and the reduced paramagnetic Curie temperature θP are indicative of the development of antiferromagnetic correlation. These features are well understood by the frustration effect of the magnetic moments of Pr ions which constitute the triangular structural unit. The frustration caused the rapid rise of electrical resistivity below 30 K and an enormous entropy in low-temperature regions. The antiferromagnetic correlation acting between the frustrated Pr ions never causes any long-range order down to 0.6 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Min
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 711-873, Korea
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23
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Ahmad D, Min BH, Ko MJ, Seo YL, Choi WJ, Lee JH, Kim GC, Kim YC, Kwon YS. Superconducting properties of hole doped Ba(0.6)Li(0.4)Fe2As2 single crystal. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:175701. [PMID: 24721709 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/17/175701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the emergence of superconductivity in Li doped Ba-122 single crystals grown by the Bridgman method. The superconducting transition temperature Tc,onset is around 19 K. The specific heat capacity C/T shows a weak anomaly near Tc. The value of ΔC/γnTc is smaller than the value predicted in BCS theory indicating a multigap nature of the sample. The magnetic measurements show that the lower critical field Hc1(T) exhibits a linear temperature dependence, with a pronounced change of the Hc1(T) curvature around 0.4Tc and Hc1(0) ≈ 430 Oe in the Ba0.6Li0.4Fe2As2 single crystal. Furthermore, temperature dependence of the penetration depth λ(T) follows a power law (~T(n)) below 0.4Tc which predicts possible S±-wave pairing in a Ba0.6Li0.4Fe2As2 superconductor. Over a wide range of temperatures, the Jc(H) exhibits a relation J(c)[proportionality] H(-α) with α = 0.5 ~ 0.6 for H || c and H || ab which indicates random defects in the sample. We found that the temperature dependence of the critical current density Jc(T) can be fitted well with the δl-type pinning model, whose origin is attributed to spatial variations of charge carrier mean free path l. We suggest that the large mismatch in the ionic radius of Ba and Li can affect the irreversible magnetic properties of the Ba0.6Li0.4Fe2As2 single crystal without any structural transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahmad
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea
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Lee KJ, Sung JM, Kwon YS, Chung H. Effects of cultured wild-ginseng root and xylitol on fermentation of kimchi. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 19:49-57. [PMID: 24772409 PMCID: PMC3999808 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2014.19.1.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of cultured wild ginseng root (0.05%, 0.1% v/w) and xylitol in kimchi. The fermented characteristics of kimchi were investigated during 28 days of fermentation at 4°C. The pH value in the sample with the cultured wild ginseng root was higher than that of control group. The total acidity in the sugar groups (SG groups) was higher than that of xylitol groups (XG groups). Comparing total bacterial count, XG groups were lower than SG groups, regardless of the additional ratio of the cultured wild ginseng root. Reducing sugar of XG groups decreased more slowly than SG groups for seven days; glucose and fructose of XG groups were lower than the control group. DPPH radical scavenging activity was higher in groups with cultured wild ginseng root than in control. In the result of sensory evaluation, XG groups were more preferred than other groups. In conclusion, our results indicate that cultured wild-ginseng root and xylitol have a positive effect on the quality of kimchi, such as antimicrobial and antioxidant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Jong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Soongeui Women's College, Seoul 100-751, Korea
| | - Jung-Min Sung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kwon
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Gyeonggi 441-707, Korea
| | - Heajung Chung
- International Culture Foundation of Korean Food, Jeonju University, Jeonbuk 560-759, Korea
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Cha MY, Roh HJ, You SK, Lee SH, Cho HJ, Kwon YS. Meigs' syndrome with elevated serum CA 125 level in a case of ovarian fibrothecoma. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2014; 35:734-737. [PMID: 25556284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Meigs' syndrome is the association of benign ovarian tumor, pleural effusion, and ascites. Meigs' syndrome with marked elevated CA 125 is a rare clinical entity and only 42 cases have been reported. Although there is difficulty in discerning the diagnosis of Meigs' syndrome from that of an ovarian malignancy, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis in postmenopausal patients with an ovarian mass, hydrothorax, ascites, and elevated CA 125. In this report, the authors present the case of a 52-year-old postmenopausal woman with ovarian fibrothecoma, pleural effusion, ascites, and elevated CA 125 (319.2 IU/ml). Exploratory laparotomy with total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and the pathologic diagnosis was ovarian fibrothecoma. After the surgery, the pleural effusion disappeared spontaneously and the CA 125 became normal. The authors also summarized other cases of Meigs' syndrome with elevated CA 125, and reviewed the mechanism of elevation of CA 125, ascites, and pleural effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon YS, Maruyama S, Morimoto K. Life events and posttraumatic stress in Hanshin-Awaji earthquake victims. Environ Health Prev Med 2012; 6:97-103. [PMID: 21432244 DOI: 10.1007/bf02897953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2000] [Accepted: 02/08/2001] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress induced by disaster is experienced to varying degrees by all respondents, and is known to evoke psychophysiological reactions. In this study, we investigated the relationships between earthquake-related life events and posttraumatic stress symptoms. A total of 380 adults were surveyed one year after the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake in Japan. The questionnaire included items concerning earthquake-related life events, emotional support and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.As a result, after controlling for demographic variables, earthquake-related life events were significantly related to the grade of posttraumatic stress and its three components: re-experience, avoidance and arousal, in both male and female subjects. Male subjects who currently had lower emotional support showed higher scores of posttraumatic stress and arousal. In conclusion, a higher experience of earthquake-related life events appears to be an important risk factor for development of poor mental health status following an earthquake disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine F1, Course of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pathogenesis and characteristics of multiple DAVSs are not well-known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the angiographic and clinical characteristics of patients with multiple DAVSs with an emphasis on the pathomechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred seventy-nine patients with DAVS were reviewed. Patients with ≥ 2 fistulas at anatomically separate sites were included. Multiple DAVSs were categorized into synchronous (simultaneous multiplicity) or metachronous (temporal sequential development of multiplicity) types. The angiographic and clinical characteristics of these lesions were analyzed. RESULTS Fourteen patients were diagnosed with multiple DAVSs (7.8%; synchronous, n = 7; metachronous, n = 7). Thirteen of the 14 patients showed CVR (93%, Borden type II/III). Multiple DAVSs were frequently associated with dural sinus thrombosis (71.4%, n = 10). Synchronous DAVSs developed in association with an occluded sinus (n = 5). De novo metachronous lesions developed in association with thrombosis of a previously patent dural sinus (n = 3) or reopening of an occluded sinus (n = 2). Multiplicity was associated with aggressive initial symptoms in 64.3% (n = 9). The newly developed lesions in the metachronous types were accompanied by hemorrhage (n = 1), neurologic deficit (n = 1), worsening of the initial benign symptoms (n = 2), and incidental detection (n = 3). The mean time interval between the initial diagnosis and de novo lesion detection was 31.3 ± 29.8 months (range, 12-92 months). CONCLUSIONS Multiplicity of DAVSs is associated with poor angiographic and clinical prognosis, requiring an aggressive treatment and management strategy. Sinus thrombosis has a prominent role in the pathomechanism of DAVSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ha
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yun GS, Bac LH, Kim JS, Kwon YS, Choi HS, Kim JC. Effect of synthetic temperature on the dispersion stability of gold nanocolloid produced via electrical explosion of wire. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:6429-6432. [PMID: 22121729 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.4394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, gold nanocolloid was produced via the electrical explosion of wire in water, for the purpose of medical treatment. Thus, the use of other additives was avoided to stabilize the gold nanocolloid. The temperature of the water that was to be used for explosion was changed, and its effect on the stability of the gold nanocolloid was investigated. The synthetic temperature was varied from ice temperature to 80 degrees C. The morphology and particle size were studied using a transmission electron microscope. The UV-Vis spectra confirmed the formation of gold nanoparticles in the water. The stability of the gold nanocolloid was estimated using the zeta-potential and Turbiscan methods. The results showed that the synthetic temperature affected the stability of the gold nanocolloid. The TEM images of the gold nanoparticles prepared at low temperatures (0 and 20 degrees C) have several big particles. But, when the synthetic temperature was increased to 80 degrees C, most of the nanoparticles formed a spherical shape, without neck connection. Better stability was obtained in the gold nanocolloid sample prepared at a higher temperature. The gold nanocolloid that was synthesized at 80 degrees C was stable for more than three months, with small sedimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Yun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 102, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
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Im HJ, Ito T, Kim HD, Kimura S, Lee KE, Hong JB, Kwon YS, Yasui A, Yamagami H. Direct observation of dispersive Kondo resonance peaks in a heavy-fermion system. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:176402. [PMID: 18518313 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.176402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ce 4d-4f resonant angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy was carried out to study the electronic structure of strongly correlated Ce 4f electrons in a quasi-two-dimensional nonmagnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe1.2Si0.8. For the first time, dispersive coherent peaks of an f state crossing the Fermi level, the so-called Kondo resonance, are directly observed together with the hybridized conduction band. Moreover, the experimental band dispersion is quantitatively in good agreement with a simple hybridization-band picture based on the periodic Anderson model. The obtained physical quantities, i.e., coherent temperature, Kondo temperature, and mass enhancement, are comparable to the results of thermodynamic measurements. These results manifest an itinerant nature of Ce 4f electrons in heavy-fermion systems and clarify their microscopic hybridization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Im
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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Garcia DR, Gweon GH, Zhou SY, Graf J, Jozwiak CM, Jung MH, Kwon YS, Lanzara A. Revealing charge density wave formation in the LaTe2 system by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:166403. [PMID: 17501439 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.166403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We present the first direct study of charge density wave (CDW) formation in quasi-2D single layer LaTe2 using high-resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction. CDW formation is driven by Fermi surface (FS) nesting, however, characterized by a surprisingly smaller gap ( approximately 50 meV) than seen in the double layer RTe2 compounds, extending over the entire FS. This establishes LaTe2 as the first reported semiconducting 2D CDW system where the CDW phase is FS nesting driven. In addition, the layer dependence of this phase in the tellurides and the possible transition from a stripe to a checkerboard phase is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Garcia
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Abstract
The role of bronchoscopic management in post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis is not well defined. To investigate the role of bronchoscopic intervention, including silicone stenting, in the management of post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis, the current retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. Under rigid bronchoscopy, 80 patients underwent ballooning, neodymium-yttrium aluminium garnet laser resection and/or bougienation as first-line methods of airway dilatation between January 2000 and December 2003 inclusive, and were followed for a median of 41 months. Silicone stents were required in 75 out of 80 (94%) patients to maintain airway patency. Bronchoscopic intervention provided immediate symptomatic relief and improved lung function in 88% of the patients. After airway stabilisation, stents were removed successfully in 49 out of 75 (65%) patients at a median of 14 months post-insertion. Three patients out of 75 (4%) eventually underwent surgical management. Acute complications included: excessive bleeding (n = 1); pneumothorax (n = 5); and pneumomediastinum without mortality (n = 2). Stent-related late complications, such as migration (51%), granuloma formation (49%), mucostasis (19%) and re-stenosis (40%), were controllable during a median follow-up of 41 months. In conclusion, bronchoscopic intervention, including silicone stenting, could be a useful and safe method for treating post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Ryu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Dongdaemun Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wang J, Pillay A, Kwon YS, Wall AD, Loughran CG. An analysis of fishing vessel accidents. Accid Anal Prev 2005; 37:1019-24. [PMID: 15979552 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2005.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2005] [Accepted: 05/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, accident data collected from the Marine Accident Investigation Branch are presented and an analysis is carried out to determine the most common causes of accidents on fishing vessels. Discussions on fishing vessel-safety assessment and data problems are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- School of Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
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Kwon YS, Ann HS, Nabeshima T, Shin EJ, Kim WK, Jhoo JH, Jhoo WK, Wie MB, Kim YS, Jang KJ, Kim HC. Selegiline potentiates the effects of EGb 761 in response to ischemic brain injury. Neurochem Int 2004; 45:157-70. [PMID: 15082233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2003.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Accepted: 10/28/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether combined treatment with selegiline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor, and EGb 761, a standard extract of Ginkgo biloba, has synergistic effects against ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) in gerbils. Interestingly, we observed that pretreatment with EGb 761 significantly attenuated selegiline-induced hyperactivity. This finding paralleled striatal fos-related antigen immunoreactivity (FRA-IR) in mice. Four minutes of bilateral carotid artery occlusion caused substantial cell loss in the CA1 of the hippocampus 5 days post-ischemic insult. Pretreatment with EGb 761, with or without selegiline, significantly attenuated this neuronal loss. Combined treatment with EGb 761 plus selegiline was more efficacious in preventing this loss. Synaptosomal formations of protein carbonyl, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA) + 4-hydroxyalkenal (4-HDA)), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the hippocampus remained elevated 5 days post-ischemic insult. The antioxidant effects appeared to be most significant in the group treated with EGb 761 plus selegiline. This combined treatment produced more significant attenuation of IRI-induced alterations in intramitochondrial calcium accumulation, the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and mitochondrial Mn-superoxide dismutase-like immunoreactivity (Mn-SOD-IR) than either treatment alone. Our results suggest that co-administration of EGb 761 and selegiline produces significant neuroprotective effects via suppression of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction without affecting neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Neurotoxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Korea Institute of Drug Abuse, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, South Korea
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Zheng CL, Nair TM, Gribskov M, Kwon YS, Li HR, Fu XD. A database designed to computationally aid an experimental approach to alternative splicing. Pac Symp Biocomput 2004:78-88. [PMID: 14992494 DOI: 10.1142/9789812704856_0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A unique microarray approach has been developed to profile alternative splicing in the cell. To support the development of this approach, we have developed the Manually Annotated Alternatively Spliced Events (MAASE) database system, which is a unique alternative splicing information resource designed specifically with experimentalists in mind. MAASE is an online resource for the convenient access, identification, and annotation of alternative splicing events (ASEs). MAASE consists of two components: an annotation system and a curated database. The annotation system is a web-based workspace that combines manual and computational approaches to identifying and annotating ASEs, a combination that is vital if a comprehensive collection is to be obtained. The annotation system is publicly available and provides a scalable solution to acquiring as well as contributing to annotated ASEs. MAASE annotated ASEs are deposited into the database component, which can either be queried one entry at a time or multiple entries at a time with convenient access to alternatively spliced junctional and surrounding sequences to facilitate the design of microarray experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Zheng
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego Supercomputer Center, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Kwon YS, Eun MY, Sohn JK. Marker-assisted selection for identification of plant regeneration ability of seed-derived calli in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Mol Cells 2001; 12:103-6. [PMID: 11561716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTL), associated with the ability of plant regeneration from seed-derived callus of rice, were mapped using a recombinant inbred (RI) population from Milyang 23/Gihobyeo. Each flanking marker, RZ474 and RZ575, tightly linked to two QTLs (qSGR-3-1 and qSGR-3-2) that are located on chromosome 3 was used in marker-assisted selection (MAS). These markers were tested on IR 36/MG RI036 (F3), Milyang 23/MG RI036 (F3), and forty-one rice cultivars. A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) marker, RZ575, that is located on chromosome 3 could effectively differentiate lines with high and poor regeneration ability, based on marker genotypes. This marker might be applicable for screening rice germplasms with high regeneration ability. Its introgression into elite lines might also be valuable in breeding programs to develop highly responsive genotypes to tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Kim JW, Sohn MH, Kim DS, Sohn SM, Kwon YS. Production of granular activated carbon from waste walnut shell and its adsorption characteristics for Cu(2+) ion. J Hazard Mater 2001; 85:301-315. [PMID: 11489530 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3894(01)00239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Production of granular activated carbon by chemical activation has been attempted employing walnut shells as the raw material. The thermal characteristics of walnut shell were investigated by TG/DTA and the adsorption capacity of the produced activated carbon was evaluated using the titration method. As the activation temperature increased, the iodine value increased. However, a temperature higher than 400 degrees C resulted in a thermal degradation, which was substantiated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and the adsorption capacity decreased. Activation longer than 1h at 375 degrees C resulted in the destruction of the microporous structure of activated carbon. The iodine value increased with the increase in the concentration of ZnCl2 solution. However, excessive ZnCl2 in the solution decreased the iodine value. The extent of activation by ZnCl2 was compared with that by CaCl2 activation. Enhanced activation was achieved when walnut shell was activated by ZnCl2. Applicability of the activated carbon as adsorbent was examined for synthetic copper wastewater. Adsorption of copper ion followed the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic aspects of adsorption have been discussed based on experimental results. The adsorption capacity of the produced activated carbon met the conditions for commercialization and was found to be superior to that made from coconut shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) of pubescent athletes. STUDY DESIGN Blood sampling and a questionnaire survey were performed on 440 regular high school students and 220 athletes of a physical education high school. Hemoglobin, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, ferritin, and immunoglobulin G antibody to H. pylori were measured to compare the prevalence of IDA and H. pylori infection in the groups. Nutritional analysis and a questionnaire survey for socioeconomic status were undertaken to compare and control for other risk factors that might influence IDA and H. pylori infection in the groups. In those with IDA coexistent with H. pylori infection, we also determined whether IDA can be managed by H pylori eradication. RESULTS The prevalence rates of IDA, H pylori infection, and H. pylori -associated IDA in female athletes were higher than in the control group. The relative risk of IDA was 2.9 (95% CI, 1.5 to 5.6) for those with H. pylori infection. Athletes who exhibited H. pylori -associated IDA showed significant increases in hemoglobin, iron, and ferritin levels after H. pylori eradication. The subjects in the control group who were treated orally with iron alone showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION Adolescent female athletes may have development of H. pylori -associated IDA, which can be managed by H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Choe
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon YS, Kim KM, Eun MY, Sohn JK. Quantitative trait loci mapping associated with plant regeneration ability from seed derived calli in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Mol Cells 2001; 11:64-7. [PMID: 11266122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which are associated with the ability of plant regeneration from seed derived calli, were detected using a recombinant inbred (RI) population from a cross between 'Milyang 23 (toingil)' and 'Gihobyeo (japonica)' in rice (Oryza sativa L.). A tongil type cultivar, 'Milyang 23', has a lower frequency of callus induction and plant regeneration than those of japonica 'Gihobyeo'. Transgressive segregations were observed for the callus induction rate and plant regeneration ability from seed derived calli of the RI population. An interval mapping analysis was used to identify the QTL controlling the plant regeneration ability. Two QTLs for the callus induction rate were detected on chromosomes 1 and 2, explaining the 10.9% total phenotypic variation. Four QTLs that are associated with the plant regeneration ability were located on chromosomes 2, 3, and 11, accounting for 25.7% of the total phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Abstract
Previous reported ocular complications of interferon alfa administration are extremely rare. These include oculomotor palsy, corneal allograft rejection, retinal hemorrhage and cotton wool patches. A 15-year-old boy with chronic hepatitis B was treated with interferon alpha for six months, and then developed glaucoma. After the interferon therapy had been discontinued the glaucoma improved. Accordingly, we report a case of glaucoma development during the course of interferon alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inchon, Korea
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Abstract
The phage SP6 RNA and T7 RNA polymerases, which are closely related to each other, intrinsically stop at two signals in the Escherichia coli rrnB terminator t1 through different mechanisms. The downstream signal functioned without an RNA secondary structure formation, in which the signal was still active when separated from the upstream, hairpin-forming signal, and IMP incorporation enhanced its efficiency. The sequence from -15 to -1 was essential for the downstream, hairpin-independent termination (at -1). The results of SP6 transcription with heteroduplex templates and ribonucleotide analogs suggested that the downstream signal consists of two functionally different modules. The effects of iodo-CMP or IMP incorporation into RNA on termination efficiency were not sensitive to incorporation at -9 and upstream, but they were reactive to incorporation at -6 and -2, as reflected by strong iodo-rC:dG and weak rI:dC base pairing. Thus, the downstream module (from -8 approximately -6 to -1) appears to facilitate the release of RNA. Mismatches in the templates at -6 to +1 allowed for efficient termination, unlike those upstream of the sequence. The upstream module (from -15 to -9 approximately -7) functions as a duplex. Pausing of the SP6 elongation complex at the termination site was detected when RNA release was suppressed by the incorporation of 5-bromo-UMP, and it was dependent on the upstream module. Results of single-round SP6 transcriptions using 3'-deoxynucleotides and immobilized templates indicated that RNA was not released from the elongation complexes halted at the termination site on the template variants carrying mutations in the upstream or downstream module, whereas such complexes on the wild type template were dissociated. Thus, halting or simple pausing was not sufficient for termination even when the downstream module was intact. The upstream module appears to mediate such conformation change necessary for termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kusong-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Kim KM, Park GH, Kim JH, Kwon YS, Sohn JK. Selection of RAPD marker for growth of seedlings at low temperature in rice. Mol Cells 1999; 9:265-9. [PMID: 10420984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay that could effectively reduce the time period required to screen and select the cold tolerance gene of rice seedlings under field conditions. The two specific random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments for the assay were identified on the basis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis which were found to be tightly linked to cold sensitivity. The two RAPD fragments, OPT8(600) in the cold sensitivity rice cultivar 'Dular (indica)' and OPU20(1200) in the resistance rice cultivar 'Toyohatamochi (japonica)', were identified after screening 11 RAPD fragments using 2 random primers on the genomic DNAs of 'Dular' and 'Toyohatamochi'. These primers, when used in a multiplexed PCR, specifically amplified a 0.6 kb and a 1.2 kb fragment in the sensitive and resistant rice cultivars, respectively. When this assay was performed on the genomic DNAs of 16 japonica, 3 Tongil (indica/ japonica), and 2 indica rice cultivars, the primers amplified a 0.6 kb fragment in all of the cold sensitivity rice cultivars or 1.2 kb fragment in all of the resistance ones. These markers can be of potential use in the marker-assisted selection (MAS) for cold tolerance in rice seedling. As screening for resistance can now be conducted independent of the availability of low temperature, the breeding of cold tolerance cultivars can be hastened.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Kim
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kyunpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Kwon YS, Kim J, Kang C. Viability of E. coli cells containing phage RNA polymerase and promoter: interference of plasmid replication by transcription. Genet Anal 1998; 14:133-9. [PMID: 9834856 DOI: 10.1016/s1050-3862(98)00007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Strong transcription of phage promoters often renders the host E. coli cells containing the phage RNA polymerase inviable. When expression of the phage SP6 RNA polymerase gene in one plasmid was induced in the E. coli JM109 cells, cells that bear an active SP6 promoter were inviable. When it was not induced (the polymerase was still produced in low levels), viability of the host cells and stability of the promoter-bearing plasmids depended on the orientation of the promoter with respect to that of the replication origin and on the sequence of the origin. A group of SP6 promoter-bearing plasmids (group I plasmids) that had the promoter directed towards the ColE1 replication origin, rendered the polymerase-containing host cells inviable in selective media. When the sequence of the origin was different (group II plasmids), this adverse effect was not observed. When the promoter direction was same as the replication origin and the ampicillin-resistant gene (group III plasmids), many satellites formed around the colonies on ampicillin-containing agar plates. These effects were caused by strong transcription of the phage SP6 promoter by its RNA polymerase, since they were reduced or eliminated by inserting an active terminator just downstream of the promoter. The viability of host cells and copy number of the promoter/terminator-bearing plasmids appear to be quantitatively related with efficiency of initiation and termination of the phage transcription. These systems may be useful for in vivo screening for mutant variants of the phage promoter, polymerase and terminator that are affected in their efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, South Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to test whether human cord serum (HCS) containing gonadotropins has an effect on the expansion of oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs). METHODS The concentration of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) was measured in HCS by radioimmunoassay (RIA). After short-term culture (4 hr) with or without OCCs, medium containing 0.4% bovine serum albumin (BSA) as control or 10% HCS was collected and analyzed for its concentration of estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone. RESULTS The FSH concentration was at the basal level, but the LH level was as high as 142.4 mIU/ml in both natured and denatured serum. Undetectable levels of steroids were observed in control media with or without OCCs. In contrast, a moderate amount of steroid hormones was detected in culture medium containing HCS. OCCs secreted a minute amount of steroid hormones in response to HCS. Similar patterns of cumulus expansion were observable by treatment with HCS, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), or HCS plus hCG after 4, 8, or 22 hr of culture. However, no cumulus expansion was observed in controls. CONCLUSION These results suggest that LH in HCS induces cumulus expansion but does not affect the secretion of steroid hormones by OCCs during culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y I Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea
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So HS, Yoon HS, Choi DY, Kwon YS, Sung JH, Lee TG, Park ES, Cho HS, Lee BM, Cho JM, Ryu WS. Effect of a novel saponin adjuvant derived from Quillaja saponaria on the immune response to recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen. Mol Cells 1997; 7:178-86. [PMID: 9163729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant activity of saponins extracted from the South American tree Quillaja saponaria has been demonstrated with many antigens. Recently, four saponin fractions (designated as QS-7, QS-17, QS-18, and QS-21) with adjuvant activity were purified by reverse phase chromatography. In particular, efficacy of the less toxic QS-21 fraction has been demonstrated with several recombinant viral antigens including HIV gp120. Here, we report a novel saponin fraction (designated as QS-L1) derived from Quillaja saponaria. Unlike previously identified saponins, QS-L1 had a different chemical structure and showed adjuvant activity only when administered in the presence of alum-precipitated antigen. Interestingly, the QS-L1 greatly increased not only a humoral immune response but also cellular immune response to recombinant hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). Furthermore, QS-L1 showed lower toxicity in vivo and in vitro than the previously identified saponin fraction, QS-21. Finally, we examined the chemical structure of the QS-L1 using mass spectroscopic analysis, carbohydrate composition analysis and NMR spectroscopic analysis. Thus, our results indicated that this novel QS-L1 saponin fraction had several desirable properties required for an effective adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S So
- Biotech Research Institute, LG Chemical Limited/Research Park, Taejon, Korea
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Abstract
One novel coumarin from Angelica dahurica roots was elucidated to be 5,8-di(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutoxy)-psoralen. It occurs together with six other known coumarins and ferulic acid. The antimicrobial activity of the coumarins and ferulic acid were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kwon
- Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Japan
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Li DX, Haga Y, Shida H, Suzuki T, Kwon YS. Electrical transport properties of semimetallic GdX single crystals (X=P, As, Sb, and Bi). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:10483-10491. [PMID: 9984843 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.10483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
One can create conical microlens arrays on a glass plate by simply spin coating spin-on-glass film on the glass, patterning the photoresist, and then etching the glass in a HF solution. These arrays can be used to obtain more-uniform irradiance profiles from nonuniform incoherent sources.
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Abstract
Eleven of the first 191 admissions (5.8%) to a rehabilitation inpatient unit met the criteria for legal blindness; two additional patients (1%) had severe visual impairment (visual acuity above 20/200 but less than 20/70 with corrective lenses). All but three of these patients were ambulatory with a walkerette or cane when discharged to their homes. The commonest causes of blindness were macular degeneration, cataract, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Despite being older (mean age 79.7 years compared to 70.4 years for all 191 admissions) and having visual impairment superimposed on their primary rehabilitation diagnosis, these patients' lengths of stay (LOS) were not prolonged (mean LOS = 33.1 days compared to 35.9 days for all 191 admissions). It is concluded that severe visual impairment is not uncommon among rehabilitation inpatients, particularly those aged 70 or older. Health care professionals working in rehabilitation should become more familiar with, and proficient in, the basic principles and treatment techniques used in the rehabilitation of visually impaired persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Wainapel
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY 10019
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Kwon KY, Kwon YS. Dependence of supermode discrimination and radiation angles on channel widths and spacings in laser arrays. Appl Opt 1987; 26:764-766. [PMID: 20454216 DOI: 10.1364/ao.26.000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Song JW, Shin SY, Kwon YS. Optical bistability, regenerative oscillation, and monostable pulse generation in a liquid crystal bistable optical device. Appl Opt 1984; 23:1521. [PMID: 18212861 DOI: 10.1364/ao.23.001521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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