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Li Y, Qi H, Huang X, Lu G, Pan H. Exogenous and endogenous antioxidants in osteoporosis risk: causal associations unveiled by Mendelian Randomization analysis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1411148. [PMID: 38883185 PMCID: PMC11176562 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1411148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent epidemiological studies and animal experiments have highlighted the significant role of oxidative stress in the development of osteoporosis (OP). The provision of antioxidants is widely considered a fundamental strategy to combat free radical-induced stress, inhibit oxidative damage, and potentially reverse the adverse effects of oxidative stress on bone health. However, there is no consensus in the scientific literature regarding the practical effectiveness of antioxidants in OP prevention and treatment. Some studies have not shown a clear connection between antioxidant supplementation and decreased OP risk. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the potential causal relationship between antioxidants and the development of OP. Methods The study utilized the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach as the primary analytical method in the Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework to investigate the causal effects of five exogenous and six endogenous antioxidants on the risk of OP. To thoroughly assess potential pleiotropic effects and heterogeneity among the data analyzed, the MR-Egger intercept test was employed, and Cochran's Q statistic was calculated. Results In the evaluation of exogenous antioxidants, single-directional two-sample MR analyses did not reveal any statistically significant relationship between these agents and the risk of OP. Regarding endogenous antioxidants, bidirectional two-sample MR analyses were conducted, which generally indicated that most genetically regulated endogenous antioxidants had no significant association with the onset risk of OP. A significant causal relationship was found between OP and serum albumin levels (β: -0.0552, 95%CI: -0.0879 to -0.0225, p < 0.0011 after Bonferroni adjustment, power = 100%). Conclusion The research uncovers OP as a possible determinant contributing to a decrement in serum albumin levels, and further suggests a potentially intimate relationship between the downward trajectory of serum albumin concentrations and the advancement of the OP disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Li
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaqian Qi
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Huashan Pan
- School of Physical Education and Health, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Xu X, Lyu J, Long P, Liu K, Wang H, Wang X, Yin Y, Yang H, Zhang X, Guo H, He M, Wu T, Yuan Y. Associations of multiple plasma metals with osteoporosis: findings from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:120903-120914. [PMID: 37945958 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
With the aging population, osteoporosis has become a more prevalent public health issue. Existing researches have indicated significant relations of single metal exposure with osteoporosis (e.g., lead, copper, and zinc), whereas the evidence regarding the joint association of metal mixtures with osteoporosis remain limited and inconclusive. A total of 4924 participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort were included in the present study. Plasma levels of 23 metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the presence of osteoporosis was defined as a bone mineral density T-score ≤ - 2.5. We applied stepwise regression, plasma metal score, and quantile g-computation model to evaluate the association between plasma metal mixtures and osteoporosis risk. Of the 4924 participants, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 10.9% (N = 265) in males and 27.5% (N = 684) in females. In the multiple-metals model, arsenic was positively associated with osteoporosis in males, while zinc was positively associated with osteoporosis in females. Comparing extreme quartiles, the multivariate-adjusted ORs of osteoporosis were 2.20 (95% CI, 1.29, 3.79; P-trend = 0.006) for arsenic in males and 2.16 (95% CI, 1.44, 3.23; P-trend < 0.001) for zinc in females. The plasma metal score was significantly and positively associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis, with ORs (95% CI) comparing extreme quartiles were 5.00 (95% CI, 3.36, 7.65; P-trend < 0.001) in males and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.35, 2.29; P-trend < 0.001) in females. Furthermore, the results of quantile g-computation revealed a consistent positive trend of metal mixtures with risk of osteoporosis and suggested the dominant role of arsenic in males and zinc in females, respectively. Our findings highlighted the importance of controlling metal mixtures exposure for the prevention of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elder population. Further prospective studies in larger populations are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junrui Lyu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongfeng Central Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442008, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Xie H, Wang N, He H, Yang Z, Wu J, Yang T, Wang Y. The association between selenium and bone health: a meta-analysis. Bone Joint Res 2023; 12:423-432. [PMID: 37407020 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.127.bjr-2022-0420.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Previous studies have suggested that selenium as a trace element is involved in bone health, but findings related to the specific effect of selenium on bone health remain inconclusive. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis by including all the relevant studies to elucidate the association between selenium status (dietary intake or serum selenium) and bone health indicators (bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis (OP), or fracture). Methods PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to retrieve relevant articles published before 15 November 2022. Studies focusing on the correlation between selenium and BMD, OP, or fracture were included. Effect sizes included regression coefficient (β), weighted mean difference (WMD), and odds ratio (OR). According to heterogeneity, the fixed-effect or random-effect model was used to assess the association between selenium and bone health. Results From 748 non-duplicate publications, 19 studies were included. We found a significantly positive association between dietary selenium intake (β = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00 to 0.07, p = 0.029) as well as serum selenium (β = 0.13, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.26, p = 0.046) and BMD. Consistently, those with higher selenium intake had a lower risk of OP (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.72, p = 0.001), and patients with OP had a significantly lower level of serum selenium than healthy controls (WMD = -2.01, 95% CI -3.91 to -0.12, p = 0.037). High dietary selenium intake was associated with a lower risk of hip fracture (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.52, p < 0.001). Conclusion Selenium was positively associated with BMD and inversely associated with OP; dietary selenium intake was negatively associated with hip fracture. The causality and therapeutic effect of selenium on OP needs to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyi He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zidan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang R, Ni Z, Wei M, Cui Y, Zhou H, Di D, Wang Q. Composite dietary antioxidant intake and osteoporosis likelihood in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: a population-based study in the United States. Menopause 2023; 30:529-538. [PMID: 36944153 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass, reduced bone strength, and increased fracture risk. We aimed to investigate the association between combined dietary antioxidant intake and the likelihood of osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS Nutrient intake data were obtained using two 24-hour recalls. Composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), which refers to the intake amounts of β-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, copper, and iron, was then constructed. Prevalent osteoporosis was defined according to bone mineral density T scores of ≤ -2.5 and self-reports. Multiple logistic and Poisson regression models were used for association analyses. RESULTS A total of 3,418 participants (1,157 premenopausal and 2,261 postmenopausal women) 40 years or older were included, 776 (22.70%) of whom had prevalent osteoporosis. In terms of individual nutrients, postmenopausal women in the highest CDAI quartiles for dietary β-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin C, and iron intakes had a low likelihood of osteoporosis. Regarding the CDAI-osteoporosis association, postmenopausal women in the highest quartile were less likely to have osteoporosis (OR Q3 vs Q1 , 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.96; OR Q4 vs Q1 , 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35-0.89; P for trend = 0.013), after controlling for covariates. CONCLUSIONS CDAI was negatively associated with the likelihood of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Our findings suggest that the combined intake of antioxidant nutrients can help reduce the likelihood of osteoporosis in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- From the MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zemin Ni
- Women and Children Medical Center for Jiang-an District, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhong Wei
- From the MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- From the MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haolong Zhou
- From the MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongsheng Di
- From the MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- From the MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Li R, Qu H, Xu J, Yang H, Chen J, Zhang L, Yan J. Association between dietary intake of α-tocopherol and cadmium related osteoporosis in population ≥ 50 years. J Bone Miner Metab 2023:10.1007/s00774-023-01418-x. [PMID: 37036532 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-023-01418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To analyze the association between α-tocopherol intake and cadmium (Cd) exposure and osteoporosis in population ≥ 50 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sociodemographic data, physical examination, and laboratory indicators including serum Cd level and dietary α-tocopherol intake of 8459 participants were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in this cross-sectional study. The associations between α-tocopherol intake, serum Cd levels and osteoporosis were evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with the estimated value (β), odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We further explored the impact of α-tocopherol intake on Cd exposure and the bone mineral density (BMD) in total femur and femur neck. RESULTS A total of 543 old adults suffered from osteoporosis. The serum Cd level (0.52 μg/L vs. 0.37 μg/L) and α-tocopherol intake (5.28 mg vs. 6.50 mg) were statistical different in osteoporosis group and non-osteoporosis group, respectively. High level of Cd exposure was related to the increased risk of osteoporosis [OR = 1.60, 95% CI (1.15-2.21)]. In the total femur, α-tocopherol intake may improve the loss of BMD that associated with Cd exposure [β = - 0.047, P = 0.037]. Moreover, high α-tocopherol intake combined with low Cd exposure [OR = 0.54, 95% CI (0.36-0.81)] was linked to the decreased risk of osteoporosis comparing with low α-tocopherol intake combined with high Cd exposure. CONCLUSION High α-tocopherol intake may improve the Cd-related osteoporosis and loss of BMD that could provide some dietary reference for prevention of osteoporosis in population ≥ 50 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjia Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, No. 245 Renmin East Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai Qu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Xu
- Department of Police Sports and Actual Combat Teaching, Yunnan Police Officer Academy, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuming Yan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Grili PPDF, Vidigal CV, da Cruz GF, Albergaria BH, Marques-Rocha JL, Pereira TSS, Guandalini VR. Dietary consumption of selenium inversely associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Front Nutr 2022; 9:997414. [PMID: 36172523 PMCID: PMC9511160 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.997414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), which increases the risk of falls and fractures and reduces mobility. Some nutrients have a well-established role in maintaining bone health and preventing osteoporosis, while selenium (Se) has aroused interest in bone health possibly because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary Se consumption and BMD in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods Cross-sectional, observational, analytical study carried out with women in menopause for at least 12 months, aged ≥ 50 years. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical data variables were studied. BMD was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and the participants classified as having normal BMD, osteopenia, or osteoporosis. Dietary consumption of Se was assessed by the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and classified into quartiles of consumption. Multivariate logistic regression with three fit models was applied to investigate the association of BMD with Se consumption quartiles. The significance level adopted for all tests was 5.0%. Results The final sample consisted of 124 women aged in average 66.8 ± 6.1 years and with a time since menopause of 19.6 ± 8.8 years. According to the BMD, 41.9% of the women had osteopenia and 36.3% osteoporosis. The mean consumption of Se was 154.4 ± 88.7 μg/day. The highest consumption of Se was observed among women with normal BMD (51.9%), whereas lower consumption levels were found in 57.7% of women with osteopenia and in 60.0% of women with osteoporosis (p = 0.003). In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for possible confounding variables, Se remained associated with the group of women with osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women in the highest quartile (≥94.0 μg/day) of Se consumption had an OR of 0.02 (95%CI: 0.001-0.41; p = 0.012) of having osteoporosis when compared with women in the lowest quartile. Conclusion Se consumption was associated with BMD and postmenopausal women with higher Se consumption were less likely to have osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Paula da Fonseca Grili
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Camila Vilarinho Vidigal
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Geise Ferreira da Cruz
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Albergaria
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Marques-Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Valdete Regina Guandalini
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Yang T, Lee SY, Park KC, Park SH, Chung J, Lee S. The Effects of Selenium on Bone Health: From Element to Therapeutics. Molecules 2022; 27:392. [PMID: 35056706 PMCID: PMC8780783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass and a disruption of bone microarchitecture, is traditionally treated using drugs or lifestyle modifications. Recently, several preclinical and clinical studies have investigated the effects of selenium on bone health, although the results are controversial. Selenium, an important trace element, is required for selenoprotein synthesis and acts crucially for proper growth and skeletal development. However, the intake of an optimum amount of selenium is critical, as both selenium deficiency and toxicity are hazardous for health. In this review, we have systematically analyzed the existing literature in this field to determine whether dietary or serum selenium concentrations are associated with bone health. In addition, the mode of administration of selenium as a supplement for treating bone disease is important. We have also highlighted the importance of using green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles as therapeutics for bone disease. Novel nanobiotechnology will be a bridgehead for clinical applications of trace elements and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyoung Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea; (T.Y.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea; (T.Y.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Kyung-Chae Park
- Health Promotion Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea;
| | - Sin-Hyung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon-si 14584, Korea;
| | - Jaiwoo Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea;
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea;
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Zhang Y, Ye M, Zhao Y, Xiong Y, Shen S, Yu Q, Lu Y, Shi Z, Lei X. Higher Dietary Se Intake Is Associated With the Risk of New-Onset Fracture: A National Longitudinal Study for 20 Years. Front Nutr 2021; 8:719147. [PMID: 34485366 PMCID: PMC8416262 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.719147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between dietary selenium (Se) intake and osteoporosis-related fractures remains inconsistent. We aimed to examine the dose relationship between Se intake and incident fracture among Chinese adults. Methods: The dietary data were retrieved from the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted between 1991 and 2011, and 17,150 participants aged above 20 were included. A 3-day, 24-h recall of food intake was performed to assess cumulative average dietary Se intake. The fracture was based on self-report in each survey between 1997 and 2011. The association between Se intake and fracture was tested by Cox regression, and the non-linear association was examined by restricted cubic splines (RCS). Results: There were 976 fracture cases during a mean of 10.2 years follow-up. In a fully adjusted Cox model, across the quartiles of Se intake, the hazard ratios (HRs) for fracture were 1.07 (95% CI .86-1.33), 1 (reference), 1.25 (95% CI 1.02-1.53), and 1.33 (95% CI 1.07-1.65). RCS showed a parabolic association (P non-linear = 0.037) between Se and fracture for men as well as a U-shape dose-response (P non-linear = 0.04) between Se and fracture for subjects living in highly urbanized areas. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a non-linear association between selenium intake and fracture, with higher intake associated with increased risk. The shape of the association varies by gender and urbanization level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchang Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengliang Ye
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xiong
- The West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shisi Shen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuhua Yu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanjun Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zumin Shi
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Xun Lei
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Circulating Alpha-Tocopherol Levels, Bone Mineral Density, and Fracture: Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061940. [PMID: 34198753 PMCID: PMC8228419 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent cohort studies indicate a potential role of the antioxidant α-tocopherol in reducing bone loss and risk of fractures, especially hip fractures. We performed a Mendelian randomization investigation of the associations of circulating α-tocopherol with estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) using heel ultrasound and fractures, identified from hospital records or by self-reports and excluding minor fractures. Circulating α-tocopherol was instrumented by three genetic variants associated with α-tocopherol levels at p < 5 × 10-8 in a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 7781 participants of European ancestry. Summary-level data for the genetic associations with eBMD in 426,824 individuals and with fracture (53,184 cases and 373,611 non-cases) were acquired from the UK Biobank. Two of the three genetic variants were strongly associated with eBMD. In inverse-variance weighted analysis, a genetically predicted one-standard-deviation increase of circulating α-tocopherol was associated with 0.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.05 to 0.09) g/cm2 increase in BMD, which corresponds to a >10% higher BMD. Genetically predicted circulating α-tocopherol was not associated with odds of any fracture (odds ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.05). In conclusion, our results strongly strengthen a causal link between increased circulating α-tocopherol and greater BMD. Both an intervention study in those with a low dietary intake of α-tocopherol is warranted and a Mendelian randomization study with fragility fractures as an outcome.
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10
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Rondanelli M, Peroni G, Fossari F, Vecchio V, Faliva MA, Naso M, Perna S, Di Paolo E, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Nichetti M, Tartara A. Evidence of a Positive Link between Consumption and Supplementation of Ascorbic Acid and Bone Mineral Density. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031012. [PMID: 33801019 PMCID: PMC8003869 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal models it has been shown that ascorbic acid (AA) is an essential cofactor for the hydroxylation of proline in collagen synthesis. However, there are still no precise indications regarding the role of AA in maintaining bone health in humans, so the aim of this narrative review was to consider state of the art on correlation between bone mineral density (BMD), AA dietary intake and AA blood levels, and on the effectiveness of AA supplement in humans. This review included 25 eligible studies. Fifteen studies evaluated correlations between AA intake and BMD: eight studies demonstrated a positive correlation between AA dietary intake and BMD in 9664 menopausal women and one significant interaction between effects of AA intake and hormone therapy. These data were also confirmed starting from adolescence (14,566 subjects). Considering studies on AA blood concentration and BMD, there are four (337 patients) that confirm a positive correlation. Regarding studies on supplementation, there were six (2671 subjects), of which one was carried out with AA supplementation exclusively in 994 postmenopausal women with a daily average dose of 745 mg (average period: 12.4 years). BMD values were found to be approximately 3% higher in women who took supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-381-739
| | - Federica Fossari
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
| | - Viviana Vecchio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, 32038 Sakhir, Bahrain;
| | - Enrica Di Paolo
- General Geriatric Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (V.V.); (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.); (A.T.)
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11
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Wang N, Xie D, Wu J, Wu Z, He H, Yang Z, Yang T, Wang Y. Selenium and bone health: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036612. [PMID: 33109642 PMCID: PMC7592280 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone health affects the ability of human body to stay active, and its degradation can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. The factors related to bone health play an important role in preventing osteoporosis and its adverse consequences. However, the risk factors for osteoporosis have not been fully elucidated. Deficiency in the trace element selenium may be one of the risk factors for the development of osteoporosis. Previous studies have investigated the effects of selenium on osteoporosis; however, the results are inconclusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically examine the existing literature on the associations between dietary or serum selenium and bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures, and to quantify such associations through meta-analysis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library will be searched using a specified search strategy to identify relevant studies up to October 2019. Both interventional and observational studies in humans will be included. The outcomes will include BMD and the prevalence or incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. For dietary or serum selenium and BMD, osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures pooled analyses, estimates will be expressed as the mean difference, and the pooled OR, relative risk, HR or beta coefficient, and corresponding 95% CIs. Heterogeneity of the studies and publication bias will be investigated accordingly. To assess the quality and the risk of bias of the included studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale or the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool will be used where appropriate. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Since no private and confidential patient data will be included in the reporting, approval from an ethics committee is not required. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The study raises no ethical issues. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019147188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziying Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyi He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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12
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Bellissimo MP, Roberts JL, Jones DP, Liu KH, Taibl KR, Uppal K, Weitzmann MN, Pacifici R, Drissi H, Ziegler TR, Alvarez JA. Metabolomic Associations with Serum Bone Turnover Markers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103161. [PMID: 33081124 PMCID: PMC7602719 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that is in a constant state of remodeling. Bone turnover markers (BTMs), procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX), provide sensitive measures of bone formation and resorption, respectively. This study used ultra-high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to determine plasma metabolic pathways and targeted metabolites related to the markers of bone resorption and formation in adults. This cross-sectional clinical study included 34 adults (19 females, mean 27.8 years), without reported illnesses, recruited from a US metropolitan area. Serum BTM levels were quantified by an ELISA. Plasma HRM utilized dual-column liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with BTMs. Metabolites significantly associated with P1NP (p < 0.05) were significantly enriched in pathways linked to the TCA cycle, pyruvate metabolism, and metabolism of B vitamins important for energy production (e.g., niacin, thiamin). Other nutrition-related metabolic pathways associated with P1NP were amino acid (proline, arginine, glutamate) and vitamin C metabolism, which are important for collagen formation. Metabolites associated with CTX levels (p < 0.05) were enriched within lipid and fatty acid beta-oxidation metabolic pathways, as well as fat-soluble micronutrient pathways including, vitamin D metabolism, vitamin E metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis. P1NP and CTX were significantly related to microbiome-related metabolites (p < 0.05). Macronutrient-related pathways including lipid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism, as well as several gut microbiome-derived metabolites were significantly related to BTMs. Future research should compare metabolism BTMs relationships reported here to aging and clinical populations to inform targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moriah P. Bellissimo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.R.T.); (M.N.W.); (R.P.); (T.R.Z.); (J.A.A.)
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Joseph L. Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (J.L.R.); (H.D.)
- Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.H.L.); (K.U.)
| | - Ken H. Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.H.L.); (K.U.)
| | - Kaitlin R. Taibl
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.R.T.); (M.N.W.); (R.P.); (T.R.Z.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.H.L.); (K.U.)
| | - M. Neale Weitzmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.R.T.); (M.N.W.); (R.P.); (T.R.Z.); (J.A.A.)
- Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
- Emory Microbiome Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Roberto Pacifici
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.R.T.); (M.N.W.); (R.P.); (T.R.Z.); (J.A.A.)
- Emory Microbiome Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (J.L.R.); (H.D.)
- Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Thomas R. Ziegler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.R.T.); (M.N.W.); (R.P.); (T.R.Z.); (J.A.A.)
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
- Emory Microbiome Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jessica A. Alvarez
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.R.T.); (M.N.W.); (R.P.); (T.R.Z.); (J.A.A.)
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Emory Microbiome Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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13
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Brzezińska O, Łukasik Z, Makowska J, Walczak K. Role of Vitamin C in Osteoporosis Development and Treatment-A Literature Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2394. [PMID: 32785080 PMCID: PMC7469000 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and associated low energy fractures are a significant clinical problem, especially in the elderly population. The occurrence of a hip fracture is associated with significant mortality and a high risk of disability. For this, apart from the treatment of osteoporosis, effective prevention of both the development of the disease and related fractures is extremely important. One aspect of osteoporosis prevention is proper dietary calcium intake and normal vitamin D3 levels. However, there is some evidence for a potential role of vitamin C in osteoporosis and fracture prevention, too. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the role of vitamin C in osteoporosis development, prevention and treatment. The PubMed/Medline search on the role of vitamin C in bone metabolism database was performed for articles between 2000 and May 2020. Reports from in vitro and animal studies seem promising. Epidemiological studies also indicate the positive effect of high vitamin C content in the daily diet on bone mineral density. Despite promising observations, there are still few observational and intervention studies and their results do not allow for unequivocal determination of the benefits of high daily intake of vitamin C or its long-term supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Brzezińska
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-115 Lodz, Poland; (Z.Ł.); (J.M.)
| | - Zuzanna Łukasik
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-115 Lodz, Poland; (Z.Ł.); (J.M.)
| | - Joanna Makowska
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-115 Lodz, Poland; (Z.Ł.); (J.M.)
| | - Konrad Walczak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrodiabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-050 Lodz, Poland;
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14
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Wang Y, Xie D, Li J, Long H, Wu J, Wu Z, He H, Wang H, Yang T, Wang Y. Association between dietary selenium intake and the prevalence of osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:585. [PMID: 31801509 PMCID: PMC6894190 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2958-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the correlation between dietary selenium (Se) intake and the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in the general middle-aged and older population in China. Methods Data for analyses were collected from a population based cross-sectional study performed at the Xiangya Hospital Health Management Centre. Dietary Se intake was evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. OP was diagnosed on the basis of bone mineral density scans using a compact radiographic absorptiometry system. The correlation between dietary Se intake and the prevalence of OP was primarily examined by multivariable logistic regression. Results This cross-sectional study included a total of 6267 subjects (mean age: 52.2 ± 7.4 years; 42% women), and the prevalence of OP among the included subjects was 9.6% (2.3% in men and 19.7% in women). Compared with the lowest quartile, the energy intake, age, gender and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted odds ratios of OP were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55–0.94), 0.72 (95% CI 0.51–1.01) and 0.47 (95% CI 0.31–0.73) for the second, third and fourth quartiles of dietary Se intake, respectively (P for trend = 0.001). The results remained consistent in male and female subjects. Adjustment for additional potential confounders (i.e., smoking status, drinking status, physical activity level, nutritional supplements, diabetes, hypertension, fibre intake, and calcium intake) did not cause substantial changes to the results. Conclusions In the middle-aged and older humans, participants with lower levels of dietary Se intake have a higher prevalence of OP in a dose-response manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiatian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huizhong Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziying Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyi He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Academic Rheumatology, Clinical Sciences Building, University of Nottingham, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.,Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Nottingham, UK.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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15
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Lindsey RC, Cheng S, Mohan S. Vitamin C effects on 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and gene expression in osteoblasts and chondrocytes: Potential involvement of PHD2. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220653. [PMID: 31390373 PMCID: PMC6685624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AA) is a well-known regulator of bone and cartilage metabolism. However, the mechanisms of AA’s action in these tissues are only partly understood. In this study, we confirmed that AA contributes to bone and cartilage metabolism by showing decreased articular cartilage and trabecular bone in AA-deficient spontaneous fracture (sfx) mutant mice. In vitro, we found that AA exerts differential effects on chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation. Since AA is known to increase levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) and induce DNA demethylation via the ten-eleven translocases (TETs), and since prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2), a known mediator of AA’s effects in these tissues, is part of the same enzyme family as the TETs, we next investigated whether increases in 5-hmC might mediate some of these effects. All TETs and PHDs are expressed in chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and PHD2 is localized in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of the cell, lending plausibility to the hypothesis of altered 5-hmC content in these cells. We found that AA treatment increased levels of 5-hmC in both cell types globally, notably including promoter regions of osteoblast differentiation genes. Furthermore, inhibition of PHD2 decreased 5-hmC levels in chondrocyte differentiation gene promoters, and knockdown of Phd2 in chondrocytes reduced global 5-hmC levels, suggesting for the first time that PHD2 may itself directly mediate increases in 5-hmC in chondrocyte and osteoblast genes. Further investigation of this mechanism could lead to novel therapeutic approaches to treat debilitating diseases such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Lindsey
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Shaohong Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Wu J, Zeng C, Yang Z, Li X, Lei G, Xie D, Wang Y, Wei J, Yang T. Association Between Dietary Selenium Intake and the Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:103-111. [PMID: 31157605 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1613271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to examine the association between dietary selenium intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a large group of middle-aged and elderly Chinese persons.Method: The data included in this analysis were from a population-based study, the Xiangya Hospital Health Management Center Study. NAFLD was diagnosed by (1) imaging or histological evidence of hepatic steatosis; (2) absence of specific etiologies of NAFLD; and (3) no heavy consumption of alcohol. Dietary selenium intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary selenium intake and the prevalence of NAFLD was evaluated using logistic and spline regression in a cross-sectional study of 5436 subjects.Results: The prevalence of NAFLD was 36.8%. Compared with the lowest quintile, the energy-adjusted odds ratios for NAFLD were 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.52), 1.30 (95% CI, 1.09-1.55), and 1.58 (95% CI, 1.33-1.89) for the third, fourth, and fifth quintiles of selenium intake, respectively, and there was a positive dose-response relationship (r = 0.88, p for trend = 0.008). Similar results were observed for men and women separately. The findings were not materially altered by adjustment for potential confounders (i.e., age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, activity level, nutritional supplements, energy intake, fat intake, fiber intake, cholesterol and saturated fatty acid intake).Conclusions: In this middle-aged and elderly population, subjects with higher dietary selenium intake, even below the recommended nutrient intake in China, had higher prevalence of NAFLD in a dose-response relationship manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Centre of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Health Management Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tubao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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17
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Bonaccorsi G, Piva I, Greco P, Cervellati C. Oxidative stress as a possible pathogenic cofactor of post-menopausal osteoporosis: Existing evidence in support of the axis oestrogen deficiency-redox imbalance-bone loss. Indian J Med Res 2018; 147:341-351. [PMID: 29998869 PMCID: PMC6057254 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_524_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-menopausal osteoporosis (PO) is one of the major health issues associated with menopause-related oestrogen withdrawal. Despite the intense research and the relevant progress achieved in the last two decades, the pathogenic mechanism underlying PO is still poorly understood. As a consequence of this gap in the knowledge, such disorder and the related complications are still difficult to be effectively prevented. A wealth of experimental and epidemiological/clinical evidence suggests that the endocrine change associated to menopausal transition might lead to a derangement of redox homeostasis, that is, the prelude to the health-threaten condition of oxidative stress (OxS). In turn, this (bio)chemical stress has been widely hypothesized to contribute, most likely in synergy with inflammation, to the development of menopause-related diseases, including PO. The main aim of this review is to discuss the current literature evidence on the association between post-menopausal oestrogen withdrawal, OxS and PO. It is also aimed to provide a critical overview of the most significant epidemiological studies on the effects of dietary antioxidants on bone health and to devise a strategy to overcome the limitations emerged and controversial results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Bonaccorsi
- Menopause & Osteoporosis Centre; Section of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Isabella Piva
- Menopause & Osteoporosis Centre, Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pantaleo Greco
- Menopause & Osteoporosis Centre, Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Genetics, Department of Biomedical & Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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18
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Lionikaite V, Gustafsson KL, Westerlund A, Windahl SH, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Johansson H, Ohlsson C, Conaway HH, Henning P, Lerner UH. Clinically relevant doses of vitamin A decrease cortical bone mass in mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:389-402. [PMID: 30388359 PMCID: PMC6215918 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Excess vitamin A has been associated with decreased cortical bone thickness and increased fracture risk. While most studies in rodents have employed high dosages of vitamin A for short periods of time, we investigated the bone phenotype in mice after longer exposure to more clinically relevant doses. For 1, 4 and 10 weeks, mice were fed a control diet (4.5 µg retinyl acetate/g chow), a diet modeled from the human upper tolerable limit (UTL; 20 µg retinyl acetate/g chow) and a diet three times UTL (supplemented; 60 µg retinyl acetate/g chow). Time-dependent decreases in periosteal circumference and bone mineral content were noted with the supplemented dose. These reductions in cortical bone resulted in a significant time-dependent decrease of predicted strength and a non-significant trend toward reduced bone strength as analyzed by three-point bending. Trabecular bone in tibiae and vertebrae remained unaffected when vitamin A was increased in the diet. Dynamic histomorphometry demonstrated that bone formation was substantially decreased after 1 week of treatment at the periosteal site with the supplemental dose. Increasing amount of vitamin A decreased endocortical circumference, resulting in decreased marrow area, a response associated with enhanced endocortical bone formation. In the presence of bisphosphonate, vitamin A had no effect on cortical bone, suggesting that osteoclasts are important, even if effects on bone resorption were not detected by osteoclast counting, genes in cortical bone or analysis of serum TRAP5b and CTX. In conclusion, our results indicate that even clinically relevant doses of vitamin A have a negative impact on the amount of cortical bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikte Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helena Johansson
- Institute for Health and AgingCatholic University of Australia, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Herschel Conaway
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Henning or U H Lerner: or
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Henning or U H Lerner: or
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19
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Wong SK, Chin KY, Suhaimi FH, Ahmad F, Ima-Nirwana S. The Effects of Vitamin E from Elaeis guineensis (Oil Palm) in a Rat Model of Bone Loss Due to Metabolic Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091828. [PMID: 30149518 PMCID: PMC6164987 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of vitamin E in improving components of MetS or bone loss have been established. This study aimed to investigate the potential of palm vitamin E (PVE) as a single agent, targeting MetS and bone loss concurrently, using a MetS animal model. Twelve-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. The baseline group was sacrificed upon arrival. The normal group was given standard rat chow. The remaining three groups were fed with high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet and treated with tocopherol-stripped corn oil (vehicle), 60 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg PVE. At the end of the study, the rats were evaluated for MetS parameters and bone density. After euthanasia, blood and femurs were harvested for the evaluation of lipid profile, bone histomorphometric analysis, and remodeling markers. PVE improved blood pressure, glycemic status, and lipid profile; increased osteoblast surface, osteoid surface, bone volume, and trabecular thickness, as well as decreased eroded surface and single-labeled surface. Administration of PVE also significantly reduced leptin level in the HCHF rats. PVE is a potential agent in concurrently preventing MetS and protecting bone loss. This may be, in part, achieved by reducing the leptin level and modulating the bone remodeling activity in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Farihah Hj Suhaimi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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20
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Zhang X, Zhang R, Moore JB, Wang Y, Yan H, Wu Y, Tan A, Fu J, Shen Z, Qin G, Li R, Chen G. The Effect of Vitamin A on Fracture Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14091043. [PMID: 28891953 PMCID: PMC5615580 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14091043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis evaluated the influence of dietary intake and blood level of vitamin A (total vitamin A, retinol or β-carotene) on total and hip fracture risk. Cohort studies published before July 2017 were selected through English-language literature searches in several databases. Relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the risk. Heterogeneity was checked by Chi-square and I² test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also performed. For the association between retinol intake and total fracture risk, we performed subgroup analysis by sex, region, case ascertainment, education level, age at menopause and vitamin D intake. R software was used to complete all statistical analyses. A total of 319,077 participants over the age of 20 years were included. Higher dietary intake of retinol and total vitamin A may slightly decrease total fracture risk (RR with 95% CI: 0.95 (0.91, 1.00) and 0.94 (0.88, 0.99), respectively), and increase hip fracture risk (RR with 95% CI: 1.40 (1.02, 1.91) and 1.29 (1.06, 1.57), respectively). Lower blood level of retinol may slightly increase total fracture risk (RR with 95% CI: 1.11 (0.94, 1.30)) and hip fracture risk (RR with 95% CI: 1.27 (1.05, 1.53)). In addition, higher β-carotene intake was weakly associated with the increased risk of total fracture (RR with 95% CI: 1.07 (0.97, 1.17)). Our data suggest that vitamin A intake and level may differentially influence the risks of total and hip fractures. Clinical trials are warranted to confirm these results and assess the clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Justin B Moore
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Yueqiao Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Hanyi Yan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yingru Wu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Anran Tan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jialin Fu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Ziqiong Shen
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Guiyu Qin
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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21
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The Macular Carotenoids Lutein and Zeaxanthin Are Related to Increased Bone Density in Young Healthy Adults. Foods 2017; 6:foods6090078. [PMID: 28880221 PMCID: PMC5615290 DOI: 10.3390/foods6090078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) status can be quantified by measuring their concentrations both in serum and, non-invasively, in retinal tissue. This has resulted in a unique ability to assess their role in a number of tissues ranging from cardiovascular to central nervous system tissue. Recent reports using animal models have suggested yet another role, a developmental increase in bone mass. To test this, we assessed L and Z status in 63 young healthy adults. LZ status was determined by measuring LZ in serum (using HPLC) and retina tissue (measuring macular pigment optical density, MPOD, using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry). Bone density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Although serum LZ was generally not related to bone mass, MPOD was significantly related to bone density in the proximal femur and lumbar spine. In general, our results are consistent with carotenoids, specifically LZ, playing a role in optimal bone health.
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Zhang J, Hu X, Zhang J. Associations between serum vitamin E concentration and bone mineral density in the US elderly population. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1245-1253. [PMID: 27909782 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mixed findings regarding effects of vitamin E on bone metabolism existed. We were the first to find a negative association between serum α-tocopherol concentration and bone mineral density in the US elderly population. Using vitamin E supplement as α-tocopherol to promote bone health was not warranted at this time. INTRODUCTION The aim of the study is to examine the associations between serum vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) status and bone mineral density (BMD) among the US elderly population. METHODS We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. This cross-sectional study finally included 989 subjects who were not having liver diseases, kidney diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, or cancers; were not treated for osteoporosis; and were not taking steroids or female hormones. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to examine the associations between serum vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) concentration and BMDs of total spine and femoral neck after adjusting for covariates and potential confounders. RESULTS Significant differences in serum α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol levels, dietary intake of vitamin E as α-tocopherol, and BMDs of total spine and femoral neck were presented between male and female participants. Serum α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol concentrations were found to be inversely correlated (r = -0.169, P < 0.001). In univariable linear models, significant negative associations between serum α-tocopherol and both total spine BMD (β = -0.0014, P = 0.002) and femoral neck BMD (β = -0.0017, P < 0.001) were found. Accounting for covariates, serum α-tocopherol level was negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (β = -0.0007, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS This study found a negative association between serum α-tocopherol concentration and femoral neck BMD in the US elderly population, suggesting a harmful effect of α-tocopherol on bone health. Future studies are warranted to further examine the dose-response relationships between individual vitamin E isomers and bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - X Hu
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
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23
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Shen CL, Mo H, Yang S, Wang S, Felton CK, Tomison MD, Soelaiman IN. Safety and efficacy of tocotrienol supplementation for bone health in postmenopausal women: protocol for a dose-response double-blinded placebo-controlled randomised trial. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012572. [PMID: 28011809 PMCID: PMC5223723 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a major health concern in postmenopausal women, and oxidative stress contributes to the development of bone loss. Cellular studies and ovariectomised rat model mimicking bone loss in postmenopausal women show the bone-protective effect of tocotrienols (TTs) with antioxidant capability. We aim to access the safety and efficacy of TT consumption for bone health in postmenopausal women. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this 12-week randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled trial for the effects of dietary TT supplementation in postmenopausal women, postmenopausal women aged 45 years and older with at least 1 year after menopause and bone mineral density T-score at the spine and/or hip 2.5 or more below the reference values will be randomly assigned to 3 daily supplements: (1) placebo group receiving 860 mg olive oil, (2) low TT group receiving 430 mg of 70% pure TTs (containing 300 mg TT) and (3) high TT group receiving 860 mg of 70% pure TTs (600 mg TT). The primary outcome measure will be urinary N-terminal telopeptide. The secondary outcome measures will be serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and quality of life. At 0, 6 and 12 weeks, the following will be assessed: (1) primary and secondary outcome measures; (2) serum TT and tocopherol concentrations; (3) physical activity and food frequency questionnaires. Liver function will be monitored every 6 weeks for safety. 'Intent-to-treat' principle will be employed for data analysis. A model of repeated measurements with random effect error terms will be applied. Analysis of covariance, χ2 analysis and regression will be used for comparisons. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. The findings of this trial will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal in the areas of bone or nutrition and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02058420; results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Huanbiao Mo
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shengping Yang
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Carol K Felton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Michael D Tomison
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Yang TC, Duthie GG, Aucott LS, Macdonald HM. Vitamin E homologues α- and γ-tocopherol are not associated with bone turnover markers or bone mineral density in peri-menopausal and post-menopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:2281-2290. [PMID: 27139906 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In a large cohort of older women, we investigated the relationships that different forms of vitamin E may have with bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD). We found a suggestive positive association between serum alpha-tocopherol and BMD at the femoral neck, but no other clinically relevant observations. INTRODUCTION Vitamin E has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties hypothesized to benefit bone, but limited studies exist regarding its homologues. We examined circulating and dietary α- and γ-tocopherols with bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD), and the role of inflammation in this relationship. METHODS We performed two cross-sectional analyses from two visits (V2, 1997-1999, n = 3883; V3, 2007-2011, n = 2130) of the Aberdeen Prospective Osteoporosis Screening Study. Dietary and supplement intakes by food frequency questionnaire were assessed at both visits. V2 BTMs (urinary free pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline, serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen) and V3 serum α- and γ-tocopherols, inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 [IL-6], serum amyloid A [SAA], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], E-selectin) and dual X-ray absorptiometry BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were collected. Food sources of tocopherol homologues and diet-serum correlations were determined. The relationships between dietary tocopherols and BTMs (V2), and dietary and serum tocopherols with BMD (V3) were examined by multivariable regression (adjusting for age, cholesterol, inflammatory markers, carotenoids, body mass index, physical activity level, alcohol intake, smoking status and national deprivation category). RESULTS Serum γ-tocopherol was associated with increasing concentrations of hs-CRP, SAA and E-selectin (P-trend all <0.0001), while α-tocopherol was associated with decreasing concentrations of IL-6 and hs-CRP (P-trend all <0.001). Controlling for covariates, serum α-tocopherol was positively associated with BMD at the femoral neck (β = 0.002, P = 0.04) among those not reporting vitamin E supplementation. CONCLUSION We did not find biologically meaningful results between dietary and tocopherol homologues with BTMs or BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Yang
- Natural Products Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK.
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - G G Duthie
- Natural Products Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
| | - L S Aucott
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - H M Macdonald
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
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25
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Zhang ZQ, Cao WT, Liu J, Cao Y, Su YX, Chen YM. Greater serum carotenoid concentration associated with higher bone mineral density in Chinese adults. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:1593-1601. [PMID: 26753540 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This cross-sectional study has been performed to investigate the relationship between serum carotenoids and bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese population. We found that women with higher serum β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, or α-carotene exhibited higher BMD at various bone sites. Similar association was observed between α-carotene and BMD in men. INTRODUCTION Carotenoids may positively regulate bone metabolism through their antioxidant properties; however, few studies have examined the relation between serum carotenoids and bone health. We aimed to determine the associations between the serum concentration of several carotenoid subclasses and BMD in a Chinese population. METHODS This study was a community-based cross-sectional study. We measured 1898 women and 933 men aged 59.6 years who completed serum β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin + lutein, lycopene, and α-carotene concentration analyses and BMD assessments. Serum individual carotenoids were assessed by the methods of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was applied to determine BMD at whole body, lumbar spine, total hip, femur neck, and trochanter. ANCOVA was used to examine the correlations between categorized individual carotenoids and BMD at measured sites. RESULTS After adjusting for potential covariates, a monotonic dose-response positive correlation between circulating levels of β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and α-carotene and BMD at various skeletal sites was observed in women. Women in the top (vs. bottom) quartiles of serum β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, or α-carotene exhibited 1.8-2.3, 1.5-2.0, or 1.3-2.7 % higher BMD at the bone sites with significant results (P-trend <0.05), respectively. For men, the corresponding values were 2.6-4.0 % for α-carotene at the whole body and hip regions (P-trend <0.001-0.023). CONCLUSION These results suggest that serum carotenoids have a favorable association with bone health in the study population, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Q Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - W-T Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - J Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-X Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Y-M Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Yorgan TA, Heckt T, Rendenbach C, Helmis C, Seitz S, Streichert T, Amling M, Schinke T. Immediate effects of retinoic acid on gene expression in primary murine osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:161-70. [PMID: 25956707 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0666-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Consistent with clinical observations demonstrating that hypervitaminosis A is associated with increased skeletal fracture risk, we have previously found that dietary retinol deprivation partially corrects the bone mineralization defects in a mouse model of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. That retinol-dependent signaling pathways impact the skeleton is further supported by various findings demonstrating a negative influence of retinoic acid (RA) on bone-forming osteoblasts. We hypothesized that RA would directly regulate the expression of specific target genes in osteoblasts, and we aimed to identify these by genome-wide expression analyses. Here we show that high dietary retinol intake in mice causes low bone mass associated with increased osteoclastogenesis and decreased osteoblastogenesis, but intact bone matrix mineralization. We additionally found that short-term treatment of primary osteoblasts with RA causes a rapid induction of specific genes involved in either retinol-dependent signaling (i.e. Rara, Crabp2) or skeletal remodeling (i.e. Twist2, Tnfsf11). In contrast, neither expression of established osteoblast differentiation markers nor the proliferation rate was immediately affected by RA administration. Collectively, our data suggest that the negative effects of vitamin A on skeletal integrity are explainable by an immediate influence of RA signaling on specific genes in osteoblasts that in turn influence bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur A Yorgan
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timo Heckt
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Helmis
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seitz
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Streichert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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27
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Higher Urinary Levels of 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine Are Associated with a Worse RANKL/OPG Ratio in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:6038798. [PMID: 26635910 PMCID: PMC4655257 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6038798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO) is a major public health issue which affects a large fraction of elderly women. Emerging in vitro evidence suggests a central role of oxidative stress (OxS) in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO) development. Contrariwise, the human studies on this topic are still scarce and inconclusive. In the attempt to address this issue, we sought to determine if OxS, as assessed by 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), may influence the level of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio (a central regulator of bone metabolism) in a sample (n = 124), including postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, osteopenia and normal bone mass density (BMD). The most striking result that emerged in our study was the independent and positive (beta = 0.449, p = 0.004, and R2 = 0.185) association between the OxS marker and RANKL/OPG ratio which was found in osteopenic but not in the other 2 sample groups. If confirmed by longitudinal studies, our findings would suggest that OxS is implicated in the derangement of bone homeostasis which precedes PO development. In line with these considerations, antioxidant treatment of postmenopausal women with moderately low BMD might contribute to preventing PO and related complications.
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Aghajanian P, Hall S, Wongworawat MD, Mohan S. The Roles and Mechanisms of Actions of Vitamin C in Bone: New Developments. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:1945-55. [PMID: 26358868 PMCID: PMC4833003 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant and cofactor that is involved in the regulation of development, function, and maintenance of several cell types in the body. Deficiencies in vitamin C can lead to conditions such as scurvy, which, among other ailments, causes gingivia, bone pain, and impaired wound healing. This review examines the functional importance of vitamin C as it relates to the development and maintenance of bone tissues. Analysis of several epidemiological studies and genetic mouse models regarding the effect of vitamin C shows a positive effect on bone health. Overall, vitamin C exerts a positive effect on trabecular bone formation by influencing expression of bone matrix genes in osteoblasts. Recent studies on the molecular pathway for vitamin C actions that include direct effects of vitamin C on transcriptional regulation of target genes by influencing the activity of transcription factors and by epigenetic modification of key genes involved in skeletal development and maintenance are discussed. With an understanding of mechanisms involved in the uptake and metabolism of vitamin C and knowledge of precise molecular pathways for vitamin C actions in bone cells, it is possible that novel therapeutic strategies can be developed or existing therapies can be modified for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Aghajanian
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92357
| | - Susan Hall
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92357
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354
| | - Montri D. Wongworawat
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92357
- Orthopedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92357
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354
- Orthopedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354
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Kim YA, Kim KM, Lim S, Choi SH, Moon JH, Kim JH, Kim SW, Jang HC, Shin CS. Favorable effect of dietary vitamin C on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women (KNHANES IV, 2009): discrepancies regarding skeletal sites, age, and vitamin D status. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:2329-37. [PMID: 25906241 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dietary vitamin C intake showed significant positive associations with BMD in postmenopausal women, especially with vitamin D deficiency. INTRODUCTION Although there is a positive role of vitamin C in osteoblastogenesis, debate remains about the contribution of vitamin C to bone mineral density (BMD) in humans. METHODS Data were derived from the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary information was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall questionnaire. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar and hip. RESULTS A total of 1,196 postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older were stratified into tertiles by daily dietary vitamin C intake. After adjusting for traditional confounders, dietary vitamin C intake tertile was significantly positively associated with BMD at all sites (R = 0.513 for lumbar spine (LS) and R = 0.657 for femoral neck (FN), P < 0.05 for each). The subjects with osteoporosis had significantly lower dietary vitamin C intake than did subjects without osteoporosis (74.4 ± 66.2 vs 94.1 ± 78.6 mg/day for LS and 65.5 ± 56.6 vs 94.3 ± 79.2 mg/day for FN, respectively, P < 0.001). The multiple-adjusted odds ratio for osteoporosis for dietary vitamin C <100 mg/day was 1.790 (95 % CI 1.333-2.405, P < 0.001). However, the significant association between vitamin C intake and BMD was only observed in subjects with vitamin D deficiency and aged 50-59 years or >70 years. CONCLUSION Dietary vitamin C intake was positively associated with BMD in postmenopausal women, and inadequate vitamin C intake could increase the risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Henning P, Conaway HH, Lerner UH. Retinoid receptors in bone and their role in bone remodeling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:31. [PMID: 25814978 PMCID: PMC4356160 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (retinol) is a necessary and important constituent of the body which is provided by food intake of retinyl esters and carotenoids. Vitamin A is known best for being important for vision, but in addition to the eye, vitamin A is necessary in numerous other organs in the body, including the skeleton. Vitamin A is converted to an active compound, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), which is responsible for most of its biological actions. ATRA binds to intracellular nuclear receptors called retinoic acid receptors (RARα, RARβ, RARγ). RARs and closely related retinoid X receptors (RXRα, RXRβ, RXRγ) form heterodimers which bind to DNA and function as ligand-activated transcription factors. It has been known for many years that hypervitaminosis A promotes skeleton fragility by increasing osteoclast formation and decreasing cortical bone mass. Some epidemiological studies have suggested that increased intake of vitamin A and increased serum levels of retinoids may decrease bone mineral density and increase fracture rate, but the literature on this is not conclusive. The current review summarizes how vitamin A is taken up by the intestine, metabolized, stored in the liver, and processed to ATRA. ATRA's effects on formation and activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts are outlined, and a summary of clinical data pertaining to vitamin A and bone is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H. Herschel Conaway
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ulf H. Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Ulf H. Lerner, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Straket 11, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden e-mail:
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Holvik K, Gjesdal CG, Tell GS, Grimnes G, Schei B, Apalset EM, Samuelsen SO, Blomhoff R, Michaëlsson K, Meyer HE. Low serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol are associated with increased risk of hip fracture. A NOREPOS study. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:2545-54. [PMID: 25062727 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2802-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We investigated the risk of hip fracture according to circulating alpha-tocopherol, a plant-derived substance with antioxidant properties, in community-dwelling older Norwegians. We found a linear increasing risk of hip fracture with lower serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations, with a 51% higher risk in the lowest compared to the highest quartile. INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress is a suggested contributing cause of osteoporosis and fractures. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) has potent antioxidant properties in humans. The relationship between circulating α-tocopherol and fracture risk is not established. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum α-tocopherol concentrations and risk of hip fracture during up to 11 years of follow-up. METHODS We performed a case-cohort analysis among 21,774 men and women aged 65-79 years who participated in four community-based health studies in Norway 1994-2001. Serum α-tocopherol concentrations at baseline were determined in 1,168 men and women who subsequently suffered hip fractures (median follow-up 8.2 years) and in a random sample (n = 1,434) from the same cohort. Cox proportional hazard regression adapted for gender-stratified case-cohort data was performed. RESULTS Median (25, 75 percentile) serum α-tocopherol was 30.0 (22.6, 38.3) μmol/L, and it showed a linear inverse association with hip fracture: hazard ratio (HR) 1.11 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.20) per 10-μmol/L decrease in serum α-tocopherol, adjusted for gender and study center. The lowest compared to the highest quartile conferred an HR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.17-1.95), adjusted for gender and study center. Adjustment for smoking, month of blood sample, BMI, education, physical inactivity, self-rated health, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) yielded similar results. Taking serum total cholesterol concentration into account attenuated the association somewhat: HR of hip fracture was 1.37 (95% CI 1.05-1.77) in first versus fourth quartile of serum α-tocopherol/total cholesterol ratio. CONCLUSIONS Low serum concentrations of α-tocopherol were associated with increased risk of hip fracture in older Norwegians.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Holvik
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway,
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Demir M, Ulas T, Tutoglu A, Boyaci A, Karakas EY, Sezen H, Ustunel M, Bilinc H, Gencer M, Buyukhatipoglu H. Evaluation of oxidative stress parameters and urinary deoxypyridinoline levels in geriatric patients with osteoporosis. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1405-9. [PMID: 25276024 PMCID: PMC4175245 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To evaluate the oxidative stress parameters and urinary deoxypyridinoline
levels in geriatric patients with osteoporosis. [Subjects and Methods] Eighty geriatric
patients aged over 65 years were recruited. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1
(n=40) consisted of patients with osteoporosis, and Group 2 (n=40) consisted of patients
without osteoporosis. Bone mineral density measurements were performed for all patients
using DEXA. Oxidative stress parameters were analyzed in blood samples, and
deoxypyridinoline levels were analyzed in 24-hour urinary samples. [Results] Compared to
Group 2, the total antioxidant status and oxidative stress index levels of Group 1 were
not significantly different; however, total oxidant status and 24-hour urinary
deoxypyridinoline levels were significantly higher. Pearson correlation coefficients
indicated that OSI and urinary deoxypyridinoline levels were not correlated with any
biochemical parameters. ROC-curve analysis revealed that urinary deoxypyridinoline levels
over 30.80 mg/ml predicted osteoporosis with 67% sensitivity and 68% specificity (area
under the curve = 0.734; %95 CI: 0.624–0.844). [Conclusion] Our results indicate that
oxidative stress would play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, and that urinary
deoxypyridinoline levels may be a useful screening test for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Demir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Turkey
| | - Turgay Ulas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tutoglu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Harran University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Boyaci
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Harran University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Emel Yigit Karakas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Turkey
| | - Hatice Sezen
- Department of Biochemistry, Harran University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Murat Ustunel
- Department of Biochemistry, Harran University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Hasan Bilinc
- Department of Biochemistry, Harran University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gencer
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Harran University School of Medicine, Turkey
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Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S. The effects of α-tocopherol on bone: a double-edged sword? Nutrients 2014; 6:1424-41. [PMID: 24727433 PMCID: PMC4011043 DOI: 10.3390/nu6041424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have found conflicting evidence on the role of α-tocopherol (αTF) on bone health. This nonsystematic review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the effects of αTF on bone health from cell culture, animal, and human studies in order to clarify the role of αTF on bone health. Our review found that αTF exerted beneficial, harmful or null effects on bone formation cells. Animal studies generally showed positive effects of αTF supplementation on bone in various models of osteoporosis. However, high-dose αTF was possibly detrimental to bone in normal animals. Human studies mostly demonstrated a positive relationship between αTF, as assessed using high performance liquid chromatography and/or dietary questionnaire, and bone health, as assessed using bone mineral density and/or fracture incidence. Three possible reasons high dosage of αTF can be detrimental to bone include its interference with Vitamin K function on bone, the blocking of the entry of other Vitamin E isomers beneficial to bone, and the role of αTF as a prooxidant. However, these adverse effects have not been shown in human studies. In conclusion, αTF may have a dual role in bone health, whereby in the appropriate doses it is beneficial but in high doses it may be harmful to bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
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Michaëlsson K, Wolk A, Byberg L, Ärnlöv J, Melhus H. Intake and serum concentrations of α-tocopherol in relation to fractures in elderly women and men: 2 cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99:107-14. [PMID: 24225359 PMCID: PMC3862449 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.064691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A reduction in the formation of free radicals and oxidative stress might reduce the rate of bone loss and muscle wasting. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether α-tocopherol intake or serum concentrations are associated with fracture risk in older women and men. DESIGN Two cohort studies, the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC; n = 61,433 women) and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; n = 1138 men), were used. RESULTS During 19 y of follow-up, 14,738 women in the SMC experienced a first fracture at any site (3871 hip fractures). A higher hip fracture rate was observed with lower intakes of α-tocopherol. Compared with the highest quintile of intake, the lowest quintile had a multivariable-adjusted HR of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.67, 2.06). The HR of any fracture was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.28). α-Tocopherol-containing supplement use was associated with a reduced rate of hip fracture (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.93) and any fracture (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.94). Compared with the highest quintile of α-tocopherol intake in ULSAM (follow-up: 12 y), lower intakes (quintiles 1-4) were associated with a higher rate of hip fracture (HR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.43, 7.76) and any fracture (HR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.88). The HR for hip fracture in men for each 1-SD decrease in serum α-tocopherol was 1.58 (95% CI: 1.13, 2.22) and for any fracture was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.48). CONCLUSION Low intakes and low serum concentrations of α-tocopherol are associated with an increased rate of fracture in elderly women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (KM and LB); the Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AW); the School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden (JÄ); the Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (JÄ); and the Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (HM)
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Kim W, Bae S, Kim H, Kim Y, Choi J, Lim SY, Lee HJ, Lee J, Choi J, Jang M, Lee KE, Chung SG, Hwang YI, Kang JS, Lee WJ. Ascorbic acid insufficiency induces the severe defect on bone formation via the down-regulation of osteocalcin production. Anat Cell Biol 2013; 46:254-61. [PMID: 24386598 PMCID: PMC3875843 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2013.46.4.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase gene (Gulo) encodes an essential enzyme in the synthesis of ascorbic acid from glucose. On the basis of previous findings of bone abnormalities in Gulo-/- mice under conditions of ascorbic acid insufficiency, we investigated the effect of ascorbic acid insufficiency on factors related to bone metabolism in Gulo-/- mice. Four groups of mice were raised for 4 weeks under differing conditions of ascorbic acid insufficiency, namely, wild type; ascorbic acid-sufficient Gulo-/- mice, 3-week ascorbic acid-insufficient Gulo-/- mice, and 4-week ascorbic acid-insufficient Gulo-/- mice. Four weeks of ascorbic acid insufficiency resulted in significant weight loss in Gulo-/- mice. Interestingly, average plasma osteocalcin levels were significantly decreased in Gulo-/- mice after 3 weeks of ascorbic acid insufficiency. In addition, the tibia weight in ascorbic acid-sufficient Gulo-/- mice was significantly higher than that in the other three groups. Moreover, significant decreases in trabecular bone volume near to the growth plate, as well as in trabecular bone attachment to the growth plate, were evident in 3- or 4-week ascorbic acid-insufficient Gulo-/-. In summary, ascorbic acid insufficiency in Gulo-/- mice results in severe defects in normal bone formation, which are closely related to a decrease in plasma osteocalcin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kim
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seyeon Bae
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiwon Choi
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Lim
- Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Hei Jin Lee
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihyuk Lee
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyea Choi
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirim Jang
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Eun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun G Chung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Il Hwang
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kang
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wang Jae Lee
- Labratory of Vitamin C and Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Guo JD, Li L, Shi YM, Wang HD, Hou SX. Hydrogen water consumption prevents osteopenia in ovariectomized rats. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:1412-20. [PMID: 23121335 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Accumulating evidence indicates an important role of oxidative stress in the progression of osteoporosis. Recently, it was demonstrated that hydrogen gas, as a novel antioxidant, could selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite anion to exert potent therapeutic antioxidant activity. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of hydrogen water (HW) consumption on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Ovariectomized rats were fed with HW (1.3 ± 0.2 mg·L⁻¹) for 3 months. Then, blood was collected and femur and vertebrae were removed for evaluation of the effect of HW on bone. KEY RESULTS HW consumption in ovariectomized rats had no significant effect on oestrogen production, but prevented the reduction of bone mass including bone mineral content and bone mineral density in femur and vertebrae, and preserved mechanical strength including ultimate load, stiffness, and energy, and bone structure including trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness in femur, and preserved mechanical strength including ultimate load and stiffness, and bone structure including trabecular bone volume fraction and trabecular number in vertebrae. In addition, treatment with HW abated oxidative stress and suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expressions in femur of ovariectomized rats; treatment with HW increased femur endothelial NOS activity and enhanced circulating NO level in ovariectomized rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS HW consumption prevents osteopenia in ovariectomized rats possibly through the ablation of oxidative stress induced by oestrogen withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Dong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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Nieves JW. Skeletal effects of nutrients and nutraceuticals, beyond calcium and vitamin D. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:771-86. [PMID: 23152094 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to understand the role of nutrition, beyond calcium and vitamin D, in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in adults. Results regarding soy compounds on bone density and bone turnover are inconclusive perhaps due to differences in dose and composition or in study population characteristics. The skeletal benefit of black cohosh and red clover are unknown. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) use may benefit elderly individuals with low serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate levels, but even in this group, there are inconsistent benefits to bone density (BMD). Higher fruit and vegetable intakes may relate to higher BMD. The skeletal benefit of flavonoids, carotenoids, omega-3-fatty acids, and vitamins A, C, E and K are limited to observational data or a few clinical trials, in some cases investigating pharmacologic doses. Given limited data, it would be better to get these nutrients from fruits and vegetables. Potassium bicarbonate may improve calcium homeostasis but with little impact on bone loss. High homocysteine may relate to fracture risk, but the skeletal benefit of each B vitamin is unclear. Magnesium supplementation is likely only required in persons with low magnesium levels. Data are very limited for the role of nutritional levels of boron, strontium, silicon and phosphorus in bone health. A nutrient rich diet with adequate fruits and vegetables will generally meet skeletal needs in healthy individuals. For most healthy adults, supplementation with nutrients other than calcium and vitamin D may not be required, except in those with chronic disease and the frail elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Nieves
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Sun Y, Shuang F, Chen DM, Zhou RB. Treatment of hydrogen molecule abates oxidative stress and alleviates bone loss induced by modeled microgravity in rats. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:969-78. [PMID: 22648000 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Treatment with molecular hydrogen alleviates microgravity-induced bone loss through abating oxidative stress, restoring osteoblastic differentiation, and suppressing osteoclast differentiation and osteoclastogenesis. INTRODUCTION Recently, it has been suggested that hydrogen gas exerts a therapeutic antioxidant activity by selectively reducing cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether treatment with molecular hydrogen alleviated bone loss induced by modeled microgravity in rats. METHODS Hindlimb suspension (HLS) and rotary wall vessel bioreactor were used to model microgravity in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to HLS for 6 weeks to induced bone loss and simultaneously administrated with hydrogen water (HW). Then, we investigated the effects of incubation with hydrogen-rich medium (HRM) on MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 cells exposed to modeled microgravity. RESULTS Treatment with HW alleviated HLS-induced reduction of bone mineral density, ultimate load, stiffness, and energy in femur and lumbar vertebra. Treatment with HW alleviated HLS-induced augmentation of malondialdehyde content and peroxynitrite content and reduction of total sulfhydryl content in femur and lumbar vertebra. In cultured MC3T3-E1 cells, incubation with HRM inhibited modeled microgravity-induced ROS formation, reduction of osteoblastic differentiation, increase of ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand to osteoprotegerin, inducible nitric oxide synthetase upregulation, and Erk1/2 phosphorylation. In cultured RAW264.7, incubation with HRM aggravated modeled microgravity-induced ROS formation, osteoclastic differentiation, and osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION Treatment with molecular hydrogen alleviates microgravity-induced bone loss in rats. Molecular hydrogen could thus be envisaged as a nutritional countermeasure for spaceflight but remains to be tested in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing 100700, China
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Vitamin e and bone structural changes: an evidence-based review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:250584. [PMID: 23118786 PMCID: PMC3483709 DOI: 10.1155/2012/250584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. This paper explores the effects of vitamin E on bone structural changes. Methods. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify relevant studies about vitamin E and osteoporosis/bone structural changes. A comprehensive search in Medline and CINAHL for relevant studies published between the years 1946 and 2012 was conducted. The main inclusion criteria were published in English, studies had to report the association or effect of vitamin E and osteoporosis-related bone changes, and the osteoporosis-related bone changes should be related to lifestyle variables, aging, or experimentally-induced conditions. Results. The literature search identified 561 potentially relevant articles, whereby 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. There were three human epidemiological studies and eight animal experimental studies included in this paper. Four animal studies reported positive bone structural changes with vitamin E supplementation. The rest of the studies had negative changes or no effect. Studies with positive changes reported better effects with tocotrienol vitamin E isomer supplementation. Conclusions. This evidence-based review underscores the potential of vitamin E being used for osteoporosis. The effect of one of the vitamin E isomers, tocotrienols, on bone structural changes warrants further exploration. Controlled human observational studies should be conducted to provide stronger evidence.
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Zhu LL, Cao J, Sun M, Yuen T, Zhou R, Li J, Peng Y, Moonga SS, Guo L, Mechanick JI, Iqbal J, Peng L, Blair HC, Bian Z, Zaidi M. Vitamin C prevents hypogonadal bone loss. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47058. [PMID: 23056580 PMCID: PMC3466266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies correlate low vitamin C intake with bone loss. The genetic deletion of enzymes involved in de novo vitamin C synthesis in mice, likewise, causes severe osteoporosis. However, very few studies have evaluated a protective role of this dietary supplement on the skeleton. Here, we show that the ingestion of vitamin C prevents the low-turnover bone loss following ovariectomy in mice. We show that this prevention in areal bone mineral density and micro-CT parameters results from the stimulation of bone formation, demonstrable in vivo by histomorphometry, bone marker measurements, and quantitative PCR. Notably, the reductions in the bone formation rate, plasma osteocalcin levels, and ex vivo osteoblast gene expression 8 weeks post-ovariectomy are all returned to levels of sham-operated controls. The study establishes vitamin C as a skeletal anabolic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jay Cao
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Merry Sun
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tony Yuen
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Raymond Zhou
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jianhua Li
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yuanzhen Peng
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Surinder S. Moonga
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lida Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey I. Mechanick
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jameel Iqbal
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Liu Peng
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Harry C. Blair
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Zhuan Bian
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (MZ); (ZB)
| | - Mone Zaidi
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MZ); (ZB)
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Arslan A, Orkun S, Aydin G, Keles I, Tosun A, Arslan M, Caglayan O. Effects of ovariectomy and ascorbic acid supplement on oxidative stress parameters and bone mineral density in rats. Libyan J Med 2011; 6:LJM-6-5965. [PMID: 21980320 PMCID: PMC3188298 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v6i0.5965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ovariectomy on bone mineral density (BMD) and oxidative state in rats, and the alterations in these effects that vitamin C supplementation may produce. MATERIALS AND METHODS TWENTY FEMALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS WERE RANDOMLY DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS: control (C, n=6); ovariectomy (O, n=7); and ovariectomy+vitamin C supplement (OV, n=7). Oxidative stress (OS) was assessed 100 days postovariectomy by measuring the activity of several enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase, as well as the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and total sulfhydryl groups in plasma and bone homogenates. RESULTS A significant decrease in BMD was observed in O group compared with C group (p=0.015), and a significant increase was observed in OV compared with O group (p=0.003). When groups were compared with respect to parameters of OS, MDA and NO levels in bone tissue were significantly higher in O than in C (p=0.032, p=0.022) and were significantly lower in OV than in O (p=0.025, p=0.018). SOD activity was significantly higher in O than in C (p=0.032). In plasma, MDA activity was significantly higher in O than in C (p=0.022) and NO level was significantly higher in O than in C and OV (p=0.017, p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that ovariectomy may produce osteoporosis and OS in females, and vitamin C supplementation may provide alterations regarding improvement in OS and BMD values. We assume that studies including more subjects are needed to make a decisive conclusion about OS-BMD relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Arslan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
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Gabbay KH, Bohren KM, Morello R, Bertin T, Liu J, Vogel P. Ascorbate synthesis pathway: dual role of ascorbate in bone homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:19510-20. [PMID: 20410296 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.110247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Using mouse gene knock-out models, we identify aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.2, Akr1a4 (GR)) and aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21, Akr1b3 (AR)) as the enzymes responsible for conversion of D-glucuronate to L-gulonate, a key step in the ascorbate (ASC) synthesis pathway in mice. The gene knock-out (KO) mice show that the two enzymes, GR and AR, provide approximately 85 and approximately 15% of L-gulonate, respectively. GRKO/ARKO double knock-out mice are unable to synthesize ASC (>95% ASC deficit) and develop scurvy. The GRKO mice ( approximately 85% ASC deficit) develop and grow normally when fed regular mouse chow (ASC content = 0) but suffer severe osteopenia and spontaneous fractures with stresses that increase ASC requirements, such as pregnancy or castration. Castration greatly increases osteoclast numbers and activity in GRKO mice and promotes increased bone loss as compared with wild-type controls and additionally induces proliferation of immature dysplastic osteoblasts likely because of an ASC-sensitive block(s) in early differentiation. ASC and the antioxidants pycnogenol and resveratrol block osteoclast proliferation and bone loss, but only ASC feeding restores osteoblast differentiation and prevents their dysplastic proliferation. This is the first in vivo demonstration of two independent roles for ASC as an antioxidant suppressing osteoclast activity and number as well as a cofactor promoting osteoblast differentiation. Although humans have lost the ability to synthesize ASC, our mouse models suggest the mechanisms by which suboptimal ASC availability facilitates the development of osteoporosis, which has important implications for human osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth H Gabbay
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Although calcium and vitamin D have been the primary focus of nutritional prevention of osteoporosis, recent research has clarified the importance of several additional nutrients and food constituents. Further, results of calcium and vitamin D supplementation trials have been inconsistent, suggesting that reliance on this intervention may be inadequate. In addition to dairy, fruit and vegetable intake has emerged as an important modifiable protective factor for bone health. Several nutrients, including magnesium, potassium, vitamin C, vitamin K, several B vitamins, and carotenoids, have been shown to be more important than previously realized. Rather than having a negative effect on bone, protein intake appears to benefit bone status, particularly in older adults. Regular intake of cola beverages shows negative effects and moderate alcohol intake shows positive effects on bone, particularly in older women. Current research on diet and bone status supports encouragement of balanced diets with plenty of fruit and vegetables, adequate dairy and other protein foods, and limitation of foods with low nutrient density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Tucker
- USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Sahni S, Hannan MT, Blumberg J, Cupples LA, Kiel DP, Tucker KL. Inverse association of carotenoid intakes with 4-y change in bone mineral density in elderly men and women: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:416-24. [PMID: 19056581 PMCID: PMC3151434 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that carotenoids may inhibit bone resorption and stimulate proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Few studies have examined the association between carotenoid intake (other than beta-carotene) and bone mineral density (BMD). OBJECTIVE We evaluated associations between total and individual carotenoid intake (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein+zeaxanthin) with BMD at the hip, spine, and radial shaft and the 4-y change in BMD. DESIGN Both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted in 334 men and 540 women (mean +/- SD age: 75 +/- 5 y) in the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Energy-adjusted carotenoid intakes were estimated from the Willett food-frequency questionnaire. Mean BMD and mean 4-y BMD changes were estimated, for men and women separately, by quartile of carotenoid intake with adjustment for age, BMI, height, physical activity index, smoking (never compared with ever smokers), multivitamin use, season of BMD measurement (for cross-sectional analyses on BMD only), estrogen use (in women), and intakes of total energy, calcium, vitamin D, caffeine, and alcohol. RESULTS Few cross-sectional associations were observed with carotenoid intake. Associations between lycopene intake and 4-y change in lumbar spine BMD were significant for women (P for trend = 0.03), as were intakes of total carotenoids, beta-carotene, lycopene and lutein+zeaxanthin with 4-y change in trochanter BMD in men (P for trend = 0.0005, 0.02, 0.009, and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Carotenoids showed protective associations against 4-y loss in trochanter BMD in men and in lumbar spine in women. No significant associations were observed at other bone sites. Although not consistent across all BMD sites examined, these results support a protective role of carotenoids for BMD in older men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sahni
- Dietary Assessment and Epidemiology Research Program and the Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture, HNRCA, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111-1524, USA
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Sahni S, Hannan MT, Gagnon D, Blumberg J, Cupples LA, Kiel DP, Tucker KL. High vitamin C intake is associated with lower 4-year bone loss in elderly men. J Nutr 2008; 138:1931-8. [PMID: 18806103 PMCID: PMC2752366 DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.10.1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is essential for collagen formation and normal bone development. We evaluated associations of total, supplemental, and dietary vitamin C intake with bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip [femoral neck, trochanter], spine, and radial shaft and 4-y BMD change in elderly participants from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Energy-adjusted vitamin C intakes were estimated from the Willett FFQ in 1988-89. Mean BMD and 4-y BMD change was estimated, for men and women, by tertile/category of vitamin C intake, adjusting for covariates. We tested for interaction with smoking, calcium, and vitamin E intake. Among 334 men and 540 women, the mean age was 75 y and mean vitamin D intake was 8.25 mug/d (women) and 8.05 mug/d (men). We observed negative associations between total and supplemental vitamin C intake and trochanter-BMD among current male smokers (P-trend = 0.01). Among male nonsmokers, total vitamin C intake was positively associated with femoral neck BMD (P-trend = 0.04). Higher total vitamin C intake was associated with less femoral neck and trochanter-BMD loss in men with low calcium (all P-trend </= 0.03) or vitamin E intakes (all P-trend = 0.03). Higher dietary vitamin C intake tended to be associated with lower femoral neck-BMD loss (P-trend = 0.09). These associations were attenuated but retained borderline significance (P-trend < 0.1) after adjusting for potassium intake (a marker of fruit and vegetable intake), suggesting that vitamin C effects may not be separated from other protective factors in fruit and vegetables. Null associations were observed among women. These results suggest a possible protective role of vitamin C for bone health in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sahni
- Dietary Assessment and Epidemiology Research Program, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Altindag O, Erel O, Soran N, Celik H, Selek S. Total oxidative/anti-oxidative status and relation to bone mineral density in osteoporosis. Rheumatol Int 2007; 28:317-21. [PMID: 17823800 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-007-0452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 08/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. We also investigate the relation between bone mineral density and oxidative/antioxidative parameters. Thirty-nine patients with osteoporosis and 26 healthy controls were included in the study. Plasma TAS, TOS levels were determined by using a novel automated methods. Plasma TOS and OSI value were significantly higher, and plasma TAS level was lower in patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.001 for all). There was a significant negative correlation between OSI and BMD in lumbar and femoral neck region (r = -0.63, P < 0.001; r = 0.40, P = 0.018). The results of this study indicated that increased osteoclastic activity and decreased osteoblastic activity may be associated with an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant status in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Therefore, supplementation of antioxidant-enriched diet to the therapy might shed light on the development of novel therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Altindag
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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Rao LG, Mackinnon ES, Josse RG, Murray TM, Strauss A, Rao AV. Lycopene consumption decreases oxidative stress and bone resorption markers in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2007; 18:109-15. [PMID: 16941193 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-006-0205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with the risk of osteoporosis, and can be reduced by certain dietary antioxidants. Lycopene is an antioxidant known to decrease the risk of age-related chronic diseases, such as cancer. However, the role of lycopene in osteoporosis has not yet been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 33 postmenopausal women aged 50-60 years provided seven-day dietary records and blood samples. Serum samples were used to measure serum lycopene, lipid peroxidation, protein thiols, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx). The serum lycopene per kilogram body weight of the participants was grouped into quartiles and associated with the above serum parameters using one-way ANOVA and the Newman-Keuls post-test. RESULTS The results showed that groups with higher lycopene intake, as determined from the dietary records, had higher serum lycopene (p<0.02). A higher serum lycopene was found to be associated with a low NTx (p<0.005). Similarly, groups with higher serum lycopene had lower protein oxidation (p<0.05). DISCUSSION In conclusion, these results suggest that the dietary antioxidant lycopene reduces oxidative stress and the levels of bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women, and may be beneficial in reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Rao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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