1
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Chen Y, Du X, Kuppa A, Feitosa MF, Bielak LF, O'Connell JR, Musani SK, Guo X, Kahali B, Chen VL, Smith AV, Ryan KA, Eirksdottir G, Allison MA, Bowden DW, Budoff MJ, Carr JJ, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Oliveri A, Correa A, Crudup BF, Kardia SLR, Mosley TH, Norris JM, Terry JG, Rotter JI, Wagenknecht LE, Halligan BD, Young KA, Hokanson JE, Washko GR, Gudnason V, Province MA, Peyser PA, Palmer ND, Speliotes EK. Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 17 loci associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1640-1650. [PMID: 37709864 PMCID: PMC10918428 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and partially heritable and has no effective treatments. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of imaging (n = 66,814) and diagnostic code (3,584 cases versus 621,081 controls) measured NAFLD across diverse ancestries. We identified NAFLD-associated variants at torsin family 1 member B (TOR1B), fat mass and obesity associated (FTO), cordon-bleu WH2 repeat protein like 1 (COBLL1)/growth factor receptor-bound protein 14 (GRB14), insulin receptor (INSR), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (PNPLA2), as well as validated NAFLD-associated variants at patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 (TM6SF2), apolipoprotein E (APOE), glucokinase regulator (GCKR), tribbles homolog 1 (TRIB1), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM), mitochondrial amidoxime-reducing component 1 (MARC1), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit (MTTP), alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B), transmembrane channel like 4 (TMC4)/membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) and receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase δ (PTPRD). Implicated genes highlight mitochondrial, cholesterol and de novo lipogenesis as causally contributing to NAFLD predisposition. Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) analyses suggest at least seven subtypes of NAFLD. Individuals in the top 10% and 1% of genetic risk have a 2.5-fold to 6-fold increased risk of NAFLD, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These genetic variants identify subtypes of NAFLD, improve estimates of disease risk and can guide the development of targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annapurna Kuppa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland - Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Vincent L Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland - Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Antonino Oliveri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Breland F Crudup
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Brian D Halligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - George R Washko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Kamzolas O, Papazoglou AS, Gemousakakis E, Moysidis DV, Kyriakoulis KG, Brilakis ES, Milkas A. Concomitant Coronary Artery Disease in Identical Twins: Case Report and Systematic Literature Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5742. [PMID: 37685809 PMCID: PMC10489011 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is multifactorial and strongly affected by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Several studies have reported development of concomitant CAD in identical twins. We report a case in which a pair of Caucasian male monozygotic twins presented almost concomitantly with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and had concordant coronary anatomy and identical site of occlusion. We performed a systematic literature review of PubMed, Web Of Science and Scopus databases from inception until 28 February 2023 of case reports/case series reporting the concomitant development of CAD in monozygotic twins. We found 25 eligible case reports with a total of 31 monozygotic twin pairs (including the case from our center) suffering from CAD and presenting (most of them simultaneously) with ACS (mean age of presentation: 45 ± 12 years, males: 81%). Coronary angiograms demonstrated lesion and anatomy concordance in 77% and 79% of the twin pairs, respectively. Screening for disease-related genetic mutations was performed in six twin pairs leading to the identification of five CAD-related genetic polymorphisms. This is the first systematic literature review of studies reporting identical twin pairs suffering from CAD. In summary, there is high concordance of coronary anatomy and clinical presentation between monozygotic twins. Future monozygotic twin studies-unbiased by age effects-can provide insights into CAD heritability being able to disentangle the traditional dyad of genetic and environmental factors and investigate the within-pair epigenetic drift.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Emmanouil S Brilakis
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern, Minneapolis, MN 55407, USA
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3
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Safarova MS, Nugent AK, Gorby L, Dutton JA, Thompson WJ, Moriarty PM. Effect of Lipoprotein Apheresis on Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Severe Hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiol 2022; 177:22-27. [PMID: 35718549 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The extent of intervention effects on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) can predict the degree of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk-reduction. We hypothesized that regular lipoprotein apheresis over the course of 10 years might slow down progression of CIMT in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. This case series describes 10 Caucasian patients (mean age 60 ± 9 years, 70% female, 80% statin intolerant) with a severe hypercholesterolemia phenotype treated with lipoprotein apheresis between 2005 and 2020 (mean duration, 10 ± 4 years). The median pretreatment low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was 214 mg/100 ml (95% confidence interval, 145 to 248), lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), 26 mg/100 ml (15 to 109; 40% with Lp(a)>60 mg/100 ml). Three patients were diagnosed with a monogenic cause. The baseline mean CIMT was 850 ± 170 µm, and maximum CIMT was 1,040 ± 220 µm across the age range of 46 to 70 years. Acute effects of lipoprotein apheresis determined as a difference before and immediately after the procedure were estimated as a median of 72 ± 8% and 75 ± 7% reduction in the LDL-C and Lp(a) levels, respectively. Using the imputed trajectories, period-specific on-treatment time-weighted averages for LDL-C and Lp(a) were 141 mg/100 ml (interquartile range, 89 to 152; 38% reduction from the baseline) and 24 mg/100 ml (interquartile range, 12 to 119; 19% reduction from baseline), respectively. The number of patients with CIMT above their "vascular age" decreased from 80% to 30% over the treatment course. In conclusion, an increase in CIMT seen with advanced age and severe hypercholesterolemia was halted with lipoprotein apheresis with an estimated annual rate of change in mean common CIMT of -4 µm/y and maximum CIMT of -3 µm/y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya S Safarova
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Anne K Nugent
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Atherosclerosis and Lipoprotein Apheresis Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Lauryn Gorby
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Atherosclerosis and Lipoprotein Apheresis Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Julie-Ann Dutton
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Atherosclerosis and Lipoprotein Apheresis Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - W Jake Thompson
- Accessible Teaching, Learning, and Assessment Systems, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Patrick M Moriarty
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Atherosclerosis and Lipoprotein Apheresis Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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4
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Castaneda AB, Petty LE, Scholz M, Jansen R, Weiss S, Zhang X, Schramm K, Beutner F, Kirsten H, Schminke U, Hwang SJ, Marzi C, Dhana K, Seldenrijk A, Krohn K, Homuth G, Wolf P, Peters MJ, Dörr M, Peters A, van Meurs JBJ, Uitterlinden AG, Kavousi M, Levy D, Herder C, van Grootheest G, Waldenberger M, Meisinger C, Rathmann W, Thiery J, Polak J, Koenig W, Seissler J, Bis JC, Franceshini N, Giambartolomei C, Hofman A, Franco OH, Penninx BWJH, Prokisch H, Völzke H, Loeffler M, O'Donnell CJ, Below JE, Dehghan A, de Vries PS. Associations of carotid intima media thickness with gene expression in whole blood and genetically predicted gene expression across 48 tissues. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:1171-1182. [PMID: 34788810 PMCID: PMC8976428 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) is a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of future cardiovascular events. Identifying associations between gene expression levels and cIMT may provide insight to atherosclerosis etiology. Here, we use two approaches to identify associations between mRNA levels and cIMT: differential gene expression analysis in whole blood and S-PrediXcan. We used microarrays to measure genome-wide whole blood mRNA levels of 5647 European individuals from four studies. We examined the association of mRNA levels with cIMT adjusted for various potential confounders. Significant associations were tested for replication in three studies totaling 3943 participants. Next, we applied S-PrediXcan to summary statistics from a cIMT genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 71 128 individuals to estimate the association between genetically determined mRNA levels and cIMT and replicated these analyses using S-PrediXcan on an independent GWAS on cIMT that included 22 179 individuals from the UK Biobank. mRNA levels of TNFAIP3, CEBPD and METRNL were inversely associated with cIMT, but these associations were not significant in the replication analysis. S-PrediXcan identified associations between cIMT and genetically determined mRNA levels for 36 genes, of which six were significant in the replication analysis, including TLN2, which had not been previously reported for cIMT. There was weak correlation between our results using differential gene expression analysis and S-PrediXcan. Differential expression analysis and S-PrediXcan represent complementary approaches for the discovery of associations between phenotypes and gene expression. Using these approaches, we prioritize TNFAIP3, CEBPD, METRNL and TLN2 as new candidate genes whose differential expression might modulate cIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy B Castaneda
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulf Schminke
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrie Seldenrijk
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Knut Krohn
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Petra Wolf
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marjolein J Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute of Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joseph Polak
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Diabetes Center, Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceshini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Healthcare and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN UK
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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5
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Drobni ZD, Kolossvary M, Karady J, Jermendy AL, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Simon J, Szilveszter B, Littvay L, Voros S, Jermendy G, Merkely B, Maurovich-Horvat P. Heritability of Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From a Classical Twin Study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 15:e013348. [PMID: 35290075 PMCID: PMC8925867 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.121.013348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetics have a strong influence on calcified atherosclerotic plaques; however, data regarding the heritability of noncalcified plaque volume are scarce. We aimed to evaluate genetic versus environmental influences on calcium (coronary artery calcification) score, noncalcified and calcified plaque volumes by coronary computed tomography angiography in adult twin pairs without known coronary artery disease. METHODS In the prospective BUDAPEST-GLOBAL (Burden of Atherosclerotic Plaques Study in Twins-Genetic Loci and the Burden of Atherosclerotic Lesions) classical twin study, we analyzed twin pairs without known coronary artery disease. All twins underwent coronary computed tomography angiography to assess coronary atherosclerotic plaque volumes. Structural equation models were used to quantify the contribution of additive genetic, common environmental, and unique environmental components to plaque volumes adjusted for age, gender, or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimate and statin use. RESULTS We included 196 twins (mean age±SD, 56±9 years, 63.3% females), 120 monozygotic and 76 same-gender dizygotic pairs. Using structural equation models, noncalcified plaque volume was predominantly determined by environmental factors (common environment, 63% [95% CI, 56%-67%], unique environment, 37% [95% CI, 33%-44%]), while coronary artery calcification score and calcified plaque volumes had a relatively strong genetic heritability (additive genetic, 58% [95% CI, 50%-66%]; unique environmental, 42% [95% CI, 34%-50%] and additive genetic, 78% [95% CI, 73%-80%]; unique environmental, 22% [95% CI, 20%-27%]), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Noncalcified plaque volume is mainly influenced by shared environmental factors, whereas coronary artery calcification score and calcified plaque volume are more determined by genetics. These findings emphasize the importance of early lifestyle interventions in preventing coronary plaque formation. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT01738828.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia D Drobni
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, (Z.D.D., M.K., J.K., A.L.J., J.S., B.S., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marton Kolossvary
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (M.K., J.K.)
| | - Julia Karady
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (M.K., J.K.)
| | - Adam L Jermendy
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, (Z.D.D., M.K., J.K., A.L.J., J.S., B.S., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam D Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre (A.D.T., D.L.T., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David L Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre (A.D.T., D.L.T., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Simon
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, (Z.D.D., M.K., J.K., A.L.J., J.S., B.S., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balint Szilveszter
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, (Z.D.D., M.K., J.K., A.L.J., J.S., B.S., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Littvay
- Department of Political Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary (L.L.)
| | | | | | - Bela Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center (B.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pal Maurovich-Horvat
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre (A.D.T., D.L.T., P.M.-H.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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6
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Yudkovicz JJ, Minster RL, Barinas-Mitchell E, Christensen K, Feitosa M, Barker MS, Newman AB, Kuipers AL. Pleiotropic effects between cardiovascular disease risk factors and measures of cognitive and physical function in long-lived adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17980. [PMID: 34504188 PMCID: PMC8429644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovacular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among older adults and is often accompanied by functional decline. It is unclear what is driving this co-occurrence, but it may be behavioral, environmental and/or genetic. We used a family-based study to estimate the phenotypic and shared genetic correlation between CVD risk factors and physical and cognitive functional measures. Participants (n = 1,881) were from the Long Life Family Study, which enrolled families based on their exceptional longevity (sample mean age = 69.4 years, 44% female). Cardiovascular disease risk factors included carotid vessel measures [intima-media thickness and inter-adventitial diameter], obesity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference], and hypertension [systolic and diastolic blood pressures]. Function was measured in the physical [gait speed, grip strength, chair stand] and cognitive [digital symbol substitution test, retained and working memory, semantic fluency, and trail making tests] domains. We used SOLAR to estimate the genetic, environmental, and phenotypic correlation between each pair adjusting for age, age2, sex, field center, smoking, height, and weight. There were significant phenotypic correlations (range |0.05–0.22|) between CVD risk factors and physical and cognitive function (all P < 0.05). Most significant genetic correlations (range |0.21–0.62|) were between CVD risk factorsand cognitive function, although BMI and waist circumference had significant genetic correlation with gait speed and chair stand time (range |0.29–0.53|; all P < 0.05). These results suggest that CVD risk factors may share a common genetic-and thus, biologic-basis with both cognitive and physical function. This is particularly informative for research into the genetic determinants of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Yudkovicz
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Kaare Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Megan S Barker
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Allison L Kuipers
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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7
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Palmer ND, Kahali B, Kuppa A, Chen Y, Du X, Feitosa MF, Bielak LF, O’Connell JR, Musani SK, Guo X, Smith AV, Ryan KA, Eirksdottir G, Allison MA, Bowden DW, Budoff MJ, Carr JJ, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Correa A, Crudup BF, Halligan B, Yang J, Kardia SLR, Launer LJ, Fu YP, Mosley TH, Norris JM, Terry JG, O’Donnell CJ, Rotter JI, Wagenknecht LE, Gudnason V, Province MA, Peyser PA, Speliotes EK. Allele-specific variation at APOE increases nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity but decreases risk of Alzheimer's disease and myocardial infarction. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1443-1456. [PMID: 33856023 PMCID: PMC8283205 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and is highly correlated with metabolic disease. NAFLD results from environmental exposures acting on a susceptible polygenic background. This study performed the largest multiethnic investigation of exonic variation associated with NAFLD and correlated metabolic traits and diseases. An exome array meta-analysis was carried out among eight multiethnic population-based cohorts (n = 16 492) with computed tomography (CT) measured hepatic steatosis. A fixed effects meta-analysis identified five exome-wide significant loci (P < 5.30 × 10-7); including a novel signal near TOMM40/APOE. Joint analysis of TOMM40/APOE variants revealed the TOMM40 signal was attributed to APOE rs429358-T; APOE rs7412 was not associated with liver attenuation. Moreover, rs429358-T was associated with higher serum alanine aminotransferase, liver steatosis, cirrhosis, triglycerides and obesity; as well as, lower cholesterol and decreased risk of myocardial infarction and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in phenome-wide association analyses in the Michigan Genomics Initiative, United Kingdom Biobank and/or public datasets. These results implicate APOE in imaging-based identification of NAFLD. This association may or may not translate to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; however, these results indicate a significant association with advanced liver disease and hepatic cirrhosis. These findings highlight allelic heterogeneity at the APOE locus and demonstrate an inverse link between NAFLD and AD at the exome level in the largest analysis to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annapurna Kuppa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O’Connell
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | | | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Breland F Crudup
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Brian Halligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Fu
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, USA
- Office of Biostatistics Research, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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8
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Kahali B, Chen Y, Feitosa MF, Bielak LF, O’Connell JR, Musani SK, Hegde Y, Chen Y, Stetson LC, Guo X, Fu YP, Smith AV, Ryan KA, Eiriksdottir G, Cohain AT, Allison M, Bakshi A, Bowden DW, Budoff MJ, Carr JJ, Carskadon S, Chen YDI, Correa A, Crudup BF, Du X, Harris TB, Yang J, Kardia SLR, Launer LJ, Liu J, Mosley TH, Norris JM, Terry JG, Palanisamy N, Schadt EE, O’Donnell CJ, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Rotter JI, Wagenknecht LE, Handelman SK, Gudnason V, Province MA, Peyser PA, Halligan B, Palmer ND, Speliotes EK. A Noncoding Variant Near PPP1R3B Promotes Liver Glycogen Storage and MetS, but Protects Against Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:372-387. [PMID: 33231259 PMCID: PMC7823249 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Glycogen storage diseases are rare. Increased glycogen in the liver results in increased attenuation. OBJECTIVE Investigate the association and function of a noncoding region associated with liver attenuation but not histologic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DESIGN Genetics of Obesity-associated Liver Disease Consortium. SETTING Population-based. MAIN OUTCOME Computed tomography measured liver attenuation. RESULTS Carriers of rs4841132-A (frequency 2%-19%) do not show increased hepatic steatosis; they have increased liver attenuation indicative of increased glycogen deposition. rs4841132 falls in a noncoding RNA LOC157273 ~190 kb upstream of PPP1R3B. We demonstrate that rs4841132-A increases PPP1R3B through a cis genetic effect. Using CRISPR/Cas9 we engineered a 105-bp deletion including rs4841132-A in human hepatocarcinoma cells that increases PPP1R3B, decreases LOC157273, and increases glycogen perfectly mirroring the human disease. Overexpression of PPP1R3B or knockdown of LOC157273 increased glycogen but did not result in decreased LOC157273 or increased PPP1R3B, respectively, suggesting that the effects may not all occur via affecting RNA levels. Based on electronic health record (EHR) data, rs4841132-A associates with all components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, rs4841132-A associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and risk for myocardial infarction (MI). A metabolic signature for rs4841132-A includes increased glycine, lactate, triglycerides, and decreased acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. CONCLUSIONS These results show that rs4841132-A promotes a hepatic glycogen storage disease by increasing PPP1R3B and decreasing LOC157273. rs4841132-A promotes glycogen accumulation and development of MetS but lowers LDL cholesterol and risk for MI. These results suggest that elevated hepatic glycogen is one cause of MetS that does not invariably promote MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bratati Kahali
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O’Connell
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yash Hegde
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - L C Stetson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yi-ping Fu
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, USA
- Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Ariella T Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Bakshi
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, LA Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Breland F Crudup
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Havard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J O’Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran’s Administration Healthcare, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel K Handelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian Halligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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10
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Wang M, Sampson PD, Sheppard LE, Stein JH, Vedal S, Kaufman JD. Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Ozone and Progression of Subclinical Arterial Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:57001. [PMID: 31063398 PMCID: PMC6791411 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term ozone ([Formula: see text]) exposure is associated with cardiovascular mortality, but little is known about the associations between [Formula: see text] and subclinical arterial disease. OBJECTIVES We studied the longitudinal association of exposure to [Formula: see text] and progression of key subclinical arterial markers in adults: intima-media thickness of common carotid artery ([Formula: see text]), carotid plaque (CP) burden, and coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS CAC was measured one to four times at baseline and at follow-up exams (1999–2012) by computed tomography (CT) in 6,619 healthy adults, recruited at age 45-84 y without cardiovascular disease (CVD), over a mean of 6.5 y (standard deviation: 3.5 y). [Formula: see text] and CP burden were quantified in 3,392 participants using carotid artery ultrasound imaging acquired over a mean of 9 y (1.7 y). Over 91% and 89% participants had at least one follow-up [Formula: see text] and CAC measurement, respectively. Residence-specific [Formula: see text] concentrations were estimated by a validated spatiotemporal model spanning from 1999 to 2012. This model relied on comprehensive monitoring data and geographical variables to predict individualized long-term average concentrations since baseline. Linear mixed models and logistic regression model were used to evaluate relationships of long-term average exposure to [Formula: see text] with longitudinal change in [Formula: see text], CAC, and CP formation, respectively. RESULTS Mean progression rates of [Formula: see text] and CAC were [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. CP formation was identified in 55% of the subjects. A [Formula: see text] increase in long-term average [Formula: see text] exposure was associated with a [Formula: see text] [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4, 9.7] greater increase in [Formula: see text] over 10 y. A [Formula: see text] increase in [Formula: see text] was also associated with new CP formation [odds ratio (OR): 1.2 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.4)] but not CAC progression [[Formula: see text] (95% CI: [Formula: see text], 2)]. Associations were robust in the analysis with extended covariate adjustment, including copollutants, i.e., nitrogen oxides ([Formula: see text]) and particulate matter with diameter [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSION Over almost a decade of follow-up, outdoor [Formula: see text] concentrations were associated with increased rate of carotid wall thickness progression and risk of new plaque formation, suggesting arterial injury in this cohort. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3325.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
- RENEW Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Paul D. Sampson
- Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lianne E. Sheppard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James H. Stein
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sverre Vedal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joel D. Kaufman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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11
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Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, and therefore, assessing the genetic versus environmental background of CAS traits is of key importance. Carotid intima-media-thickness and plaque characteristics seem to be moderately heritable, with remarkable differences in both heritability and presence or severity of these traits among ethnicities. Although the considerable role of additive genetic effects is obvious, based on the results so far, there is an important emphasis on non-shared environmental factors as well. We aimed to collect and summarize the papers that investigate twin and family studies assessing the phenotypic variance attributable to genetic associations with CAS. Genes in relation to CAS markers were overviewed with a focus on genetic association studies and genome-wide association studies. Although the role of certain genes is confirmed by studies conducted on large populations and meta-analyses, many of them show conflicting results. A great focus should be on future studies elucidating the exact pathomechanism of these genes in CAS in order to imply them as novel therapeutic targets.
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12
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Caceres BA, Brody AA, Halkitis PN, Dorsen C, Yu G, Chyun DA. Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Sexual Minority Women (18-59 Years Old): Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2012). Womens Health Issues 2018; 28:333-341. [PMID: 29661697 PMCID: PMC6063763 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sexual minority women (lesbian and bisexual) experience significant stigma, which may increase their cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for CVD (including mental distress, health behaviors, blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, and total cholesterol) and CVD in sexual minority women compared with their heterosexual peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A secondary analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2012) was conducted. Multiple imputation with chained equations was performed. Logistic regression models adjusted for relevant covariates were run. Self-report (medical history and medication use) and biomarkers for hypertension, diabetes, and high total cholesterol were examined. RESULTS The final analytic sample consisted of 7,503 that included 346 sexual minority women (4.6%). Sexual minority women were more likely to be younger, single, have a lower income, and lack health insurance. After covariate adjustment, sexual minority women exhibited excess CVD risk related to higher rates of frequent mental distress (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-2.88), current tobacco use (AOR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.53-2.91), and binge drinking (AOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.17-2.34). Sexual minority women were more likely to be obese (AOR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.23-2.33) and have glycosylated hemoglobin consistent with prediabetes (AOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.04-2.34). No differences were observed for other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Sexual minority women demonstrated increased modifiable risk factors for CVD, but no difference in CVD diagnoses. Several emerging areas of research are highlighted, in particular, the need for CVD prevention efforts that target modifiable CVD risk in sexual minority women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy A Caceres
- Columbia School of Nursing, New York, New York; NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, New York.
| | - Abraham A Brody
- Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing, New York, New York
| | - Perry N Halkitis
- Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey; Departments of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey; Center for Health, Identity, Behavior & Prevention Studies, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York; Graduate School of Applied & Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | | | - Gary Yu
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, New York
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Qu B, Qu T. Causes of changes in carotid intima-media thickness: a literature review. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2015; 13:46. [PMID: 26666335 PMCID: PMC4678459 DOI: 10.1186/s12947-015-0041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis causes significant morbidity and mortality. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) predicts future cardiovascular and ischaemic stroke incidence. CIMT, a measure of atherosclerotic disease, can be reliably determined in vivo by carotid ultrasound. In this review, we determined that CIMT is associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, race, smoking, alcohol consumption, habitual endurance exercise, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, dietary patterns, risk-lowering drug therapy, glycemia, hyperuricemia, obesity-related anthropometric parameters, obesity and obesity-related diseases. We also found that CIMT is associated with novel risk factors, including heredity, certain genotypic indices, anthropometric cardiovascular parameters, rheumatoid arthritis, immunological diseases, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation, anthropometric hemocyte parameters, infectious diseases, vitamin D, matrix metalloproteinases, and other novel factors and diseases. However, the conclusions are inconsonant; the underlying causes of these associations remain to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoge Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taishan Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Qu
- Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, P. R. China
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14
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Gebreab SY, Riestra P, Khan RJ, Xu R, Musani SK, Tekola-Ayele F, Correa A, Wilson JG, Rotimi CN, Davis SK. Genetic ancestry is associated with measures of subclinical atherosclerosis in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1271-8. [PMID: 25745061 PMCID: PMC4523273 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether genetic ancestry was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis measures after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, inflammatory marker, socioeconomic status, and psychosocial factors in a large admixed African American population. APPROACH AND RESULTS Participants were drawn from the Jackson Heart Study. Participant's percent of European ancestry (PEA) was estimated based on 1747 genetic markers using HAPMIX. Association of PEA with peripheral arterial disease and common carotid intima-media thickness were investigated among 2168 participants and with coronary artery calcification >0 and abdominal aortic calcification >0 among 1139 participants. The associations were evaluated using multivariable regression models. Our results showed that a 1 SD increase in PEA was associated with a lower peripheral arterial disease prevalence after adjusting for age and sex (prevalence ratio=0.90 [95% CI, 0.82-0.99]; P=0.036). Adjustments for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, socioeconomic status, and psychosocial factors attenuated this association (prevalence ratio=0.91 [0.82-1.00]; P=0.046). There was also a nonlinear association between PEA and coronary artery calcification and abdominal aortic calcification. The lowest PEA was associated with a lower coronary artery calcification (prevalence ratio=0.75 [0.58-0.96]; P=0.022) and a lower abdominal aortic calcification [prevalence ratio=0.80 [0.67-0.96]; P=0.016) compared with the reference group (10th-90th percentile) after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, inflammatory marker, socioeconomic status, and psychosocial factors. However, we found no significant association between PEA and common carotid intima-media thickness. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings indicate that genetic ancestry was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, suggesting unmeasured risk factors and interactions with genetic factors might contribute to the distribution of subclinical atherosclerosis among African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Y Gebreab
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
| | - Pia Riestra
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Rumana J Khan
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Ruihua Xu
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Solomon K Musani
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Adolfo Correa
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - James G Wilson
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Sharon K Davis
- From the National Human Genome Research Institute, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G., P.R., R.J.K., R.X., F.T.-A., C.N.R., S.K.D.); and Jackson Heart Study (S.K.M., A.C.), and Department of Physiology & Biophysics (J.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
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Babinsky VN, Hannan FM, Youhanna SC, Maréchal C, Jadoul M, Devuyst O, Thakker RV. Association studies of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) polymorphisms with serum concentrations of glucose and phosphate, and vascular calcification in renal transplant recipients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119459. [PMID: 25786244 PMCID: PMC4364904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and linked to arterial calcification. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G-protein coupled receptor, plays a pivotal role in extracellular calcium homeostasis and is expressed in the intimal and medial layers of the arterial wall. We investigated whether common CASR gene variants are predictors for aortic and coronary artery calcification or influence risk factors such as serum calcium, phosphate and glucose concentrations in RTRs. Methods Two hundred and eighty four RTRs were investigated for associations between three CASR promoter region single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs115759455, rs7652589, rs1501899), three non-synonymous CASR coding region SNPs (A986S, R990G, Q1011E), and aortic and coronary artery calcium mass scores, cardiovascular outcomes and calcification risk factors that included serum phosphate, calcium, total cholesterol and glucose concentrations. Results Multivariate analysis revealed that RTRs homozygous for the minor allele (SS) of the A986S SNP, when compared to those homozygous for the major allele (AA), had raised serum glucose concentrations (8.7±5.4 vs. 5.7±2.1 mmol/L, P<0.05). In addition, RTRs who were heterozygous (CT) at the rs115759455 SNP, when compared to those homozygous for the major allele (CC), had higher serum phosphate concentrations (1.1±0.3 vs. 1.0±0.2 mmol/L, P<0.05). CASR SNPs were not significant determinants for aortic or coronary artery calcification, and were not associated with cardiovascular outcomes or mortality in this RTR cohort. Conclusions Common CASR SNPs may be independent predictors of serum glucose and phosphate concentrations, but are not determinants of vascular calcification or cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie N. Babinsky
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fadil M. Hannan
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia C. Youhanna
- Institute of Physiology, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Maréchal
- Division of Nephrology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Jadoul
- Division of Nephrology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Nephrology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rajesh V. Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Araki T, Ikeda N, Dey N, Acharjee S, Molinari F, Saba L, Godia EC, Nicolaides A, Suri JS. Shape-based approach for coronary calcium lesion volume measurement on intravascular ultrasound imaging and its association with carotid intima-media thickness. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2015; 34:469-482. [PMID: 25715368 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.34.3.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronary calcification plays an important role in diagnostic classification of lesion subsets. According to histopathologic studies, vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque contains calcified deposits, and there can be considerable variation in the extent and degree of calcification. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has demonstrated its role in imaging coronary arteries, thereby displaying calcium lesions. The aim of this work was to develop a fully automated system for detection, area and volume measurement, and characterization of the largest calcium deposits in coronary arteries. Furthermore, we demonstrate the correlation between the coronary calcium IVUS volume and the neurologic risk biomarker B-mode carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). METHODS Our system automatically detects the frames with calcium, identifies the largest calcium region, and performs shape-based volume measurements. The carotid IMT is measured by using AtheroEdge software (AtheroPoint, LLC) on B-mode ultrasound imaging. RESULTS Our database consists of low-contrast IVUS videos and corresponding B-mode images from 100 patients. Our experiments showed that the correlation between calcium volumes and carotid IMT was higher for the left carotid artery compared to the right carotid artery (r = 0.066 for the left carotid artery and 0.121 for the right carotid artery). We obtained 97% accuracy for automated calcium detection compared against the scoring given by our expert radiologists. Furthermore, we benchmarked shape-based volume measurement against the conventional method, which used integration of regions and showed a correlation of 84%. CONCLUSIONS Since carotid IMT is an independent prognostic factor for myocardial infarction, and calcium lesions are correlated with stroke risk, we believe that this automated system for calcium volume measurement could be useful for assessing patients' cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Araki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Nobutaka Ikeda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Nilanjan Dey
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Suvojit Acharjee
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Filippo Molinari
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Luca Saba
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Elisa Cuadrado Godia
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Andrew Nicolaides
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (T.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (N.I.); Point of Care Devices, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc, Roseville, California USA (N.D., S.A., J.S.S.); Biolab, Department of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy (F.M.); Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (L.S.); Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.G.); Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Center, London, England (A.N.); Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus (A.N.); Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, LLC, Roseville, California USA (J.S.S.); and Department of Electrical Engineering (Affiliate), Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho USA (J.S.S.).
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Tao H, Wang Y, Zhou X, Zhong W, Zhou H, Li K, Zhao B. Angiographic correlation and synergistic effect of coronary artery stenosis and cerebral artery stenosis: a retrospective study. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:1902-7. [PMID: 25304901 PMCID: PMC4206482 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbidity of coronary artery stenosis (CoAS) and cerebral artery stenosis (CeAS) is relatively common, but little is known about their angiographic correlation and synergistic effect. Material/Methods A total of 66 patients with CoAS were divided into 2 groups: 30 patients with mild CoAS in group A and 36 patients with severe CoAS in group B. Patients were subdivided further into 4 groups: 20 patients with multiple CeAS in group B1, 16 patients with non-multiple CeAS in group B2, 22 patients with multiple CeAS in group A1, and 8 patients with non-multiple CeAS in group A2. Then, the morbidity rates for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke before angiography were analyzed. Results Overall, the incidence and extent of CoAS were positively related to those of CeAS (p=0.004 and p=0.008, respectively). After stratification, the incidences of stenotic vessels in the intracranial arteries (EA) and carotid artery system (CAS) in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (p=0.011 and p=0.007, respectively). Additionally, the morbidity rates for ischemic stroke in groups B1 and A1 showed a weak trend toward a significant difference (p=0.060). Conclusions This study indicates, for the first time, that severe CoAS might be a predictive marker for stenotic vessels of the EA and CAS and for severe CeAS. Furthermore, this study is the first to report that the synergistic effect of CoAS and CeAS might increase the risk of ischemic stroke, which must be confirmed in a large-scale prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xu Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wangtao Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Haihong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Keshen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiocerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
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Liu X, Post WS, McLenithan J, Terrin M, Magder L, Zeb I, Budoff M, Mitchell BD. Determinants of intrathoracic adipose tissue volume and associations with cardiovascular disease risk factors in Amish. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:286-293. [PMID: 24477004 PMCID: PMC4109402 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hypothesizing that intrathoracic fat might exert local effects on the coronary vasculature, we assessed the association of intrathoracic fat volume and its two subcomponents with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in 909 relatively healthy Amish adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Intrathoracic fat, which is comprised of fat between the surface of the heart and the visceral epicardium (epicardial fat) and fat around the heart but outside of the fibrous pericardium (pericardial fat), was measured from electron beam CT scans. We examined the association between intrathoracic fat volume and cardiovascular disease risk factors in multivariate regression model. Fat volume in the epicardial and pericardial compartments were highly correlated with each other and with body mass index. Neither CAC extent nor CAC presence (Agatston score > 0) was associated with increased intrathoracic fat volume in sex-stratified models adjusting for age (p > 0.10). Intrathoracic fat volume was significantly correlated with higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in sex-stratified models adjusting for age (p < 0.05). However, associations were attenuated after further adjustment for body mass index. CONCLUSIONS These data do not provide support for a significant role for intrathoracic fat in the development of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - W S Post
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J McLenithan
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Terrin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Magder
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I Zeb
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor UCLA Med Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - M Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor UCLA Med Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - B D Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Dungan JR, Hauser ER, Qin X, Kraus WE. The genetic basis for survivorship in coronary artery disease. Front Genet 2013; 4:191. [PMID: 24143143 PMCID: PMC3784965 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivorship is a trait characterized by endurance and virility in the face of hardship. It is largely considered a psychosocial attribute developed during fatal conditions, rather than a biological trait for robustness in the context of complex, age-dependent diseases like coronary artery disease (CAD). The purpose of this paper is to present the novel phenotype, survivorship in CAD as an observed survival advantage concurrent with clinically significant CAD. We present a model for characterizing survivorship in CAD and its relationships with overlapping time- and clinically-related phenotypes. We offer an optimal measurement interval for investigating survivorship in CAD. We hypothesize genetic contributions to this construct and review the literature for evidence of genetic contribution to overlapping phenotypes in support of our hypothesis. We also present preliminary evidence of genetic effects on survival in people with clinically significant CAD from a primary case-control study of symptomatic coronary disease. Identifying gene variants that confer improved survival in the context of clinically appreciable CAD may improve our understanding of cardioprotective mechanisms acting at the gene level and potentially impact patients clinically in the future. Further, characterizing other survival-variant genetic effects may improve signal-to-noise ratio in detecting gene associations for CAD.
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Wojczynski MK, Li M, Bielak LF, Kerr KF, Reiner AP, Wong ND, Yanek LR, Qu L, White CC, Lange LA, Ferguson JF, He J, Young T, Mosley TH, Smith JA, Kral BG, Guo X, Wong Q, Ganesh SK, Heckbert SR, Griswold ME, O'Leary DH, Budoff M, Carr JJ, Taylor HA, Bluemke DA, Demissie S, Hwang SJ, Paltoo DN, Polak JF, Psaty BM, Becker DM, Province MA, Post WS, O'Donnell CJ, Wilson JG, Harris TB, Kavousi M, Cupples LA, Rotter JI, Fornage M, Becker LC, Peyser PA, Borecki IB, Reilly MP. Genetics of coronary artery calcification among African Americans, a meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 14:75. [PMID: 23870195 PMCID: PMC3733595 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of death in the United States. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores are independent predictors of CHD. African Americans (AA) have higher rates of CHD but are less well-studied in genomic studies. We assembled the largest AA data resource currently available with measured CAC to identify associated genetic variants. Methods We analyzed log transformed CAC quantity (ln(CAC + 1)), for association with ~2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and performed an inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis on results for 5,823 AA from 8 studies. Heritability was calculated using family studies. The most significant SNPs among AAs were evaluated in European Ancestry (EA) CAC data; conversely, the significance of published SNPs for CAC/CHD in EA was queried within our AA meta-analysis. Results Heritability of CAC was lower in AA (~30%) than previously reported for EA (~50%). No SNP reached genome wide significance (p < 5E-08). Of 67 SNPs with p < 1E-05 in AA there was no evidence of association in EA CAC data. Four SNPs in regions previously implicated in CAC/CHD (at 9p21 and PHACTR1) in EA reached nominal significance for CAC in AA, with concordant direction. Among AA, rs16905644 (p = 4.08E-05) had the strongest association in the 9p21 region. Conclusions While we observed substantial heritability for CAC in AA, we failed to identify loci for CAC at genome-wide significant levels despite having adequate power to detect alleles with moderate to large effects. Although suggestive signals in AA were apparent at 9p21 and additional CAC and CAD EA loci, overall the data suggest that even larger samples and an ethnic specific focus will be required for GWAS discoveries for CAC in AA populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Wojczynski
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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ZHAO QIAN, WU XINHUAI, CAI JIANMING, ZHAO XIHAI, ZHAO SHAOHONG, YANG LI, CAI ZULONG. Association between coronary artery calcium score and carotid atherosclerotic disease. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:499-504. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Lefthériotis G, Omarjee L, Le Saux O, Henrion D, Abraham P, Prunier F, Willoteaux S, Martin L. The vascular phenotype in Pseudoxanthoma elasticum and related disorders: contribution of a genetic disease to the understanding of vascular calcification. Front Genet 2013; 4:4. [PMID: 23408347 PMCID: PMC3569880 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a complex and dynamic process occurring in various physiological conditions such as aging and exercise or in acquired metabolic disorders like diabetes or chronic renal insufficiency. Arterial calcifications are also observed in several genetic diseases revealing the important role of unbalanced or defective anti- or pro-calcifying factors. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an inherited disease (OMIM 264800) characterized by elastic fiber fragmentation and calcification in various soft conjunctive tissues including the skin, eyes, and arterial media. The PXE disease results from mutations in the ABCC6 gene, encoding an ATP-binding cassette transporter primarily expressed in the liver, kidneys suggesting that it is a prototypic metabolic soft-tissue calcifying disease of genetic origin. The clinical expression of the PXE arterial disease is characterized by an increased risk for coronary (myocardial infarction), cerebral (aneurysm and stroke), and lower limb peripheral artery disease. However, the structural and functional changes in the arterial wall induced by PXE are still unexplained. The use of a recombinant mouse model inactivated for the Abcc6 gene is an important tool for the understanding of the PXE pathophysiology although the vascular impact in this model remains limited to date. Overlapping of the PXE phenotype with other inherited calcifying diseases could bring important informations to our comprehension of the PXE disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Lefthériotis
- PXE Health and Research Centre, University Hospital of Angers Angers, France ; L'UNAM, UMR CNRS 6214 - Inserm 1083, Medical School of Angers Angers, France
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Rutter MK, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, O'Donnell CJ, Fox CS. Fasting glucose, obesity, and coronary artery calcification in community-based people without diabetes. Diabetes Care 2012; 35:1944-50. [PMID: 22773705 PMCID: PMC3425010 DOI: 10.2337/dc11-1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to assess whether impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and obesity are independently related to coronary artery calcification (CAC) in a community-based population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We assessed CAC using multidetector computed tomography in 3,054 Framingham Heart Study participants (mean [SD] age was 50 [10] years, 49% were women, 29% had IFG, and 25% were obese) free from known vascular disease or diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that IFG (5.6-6.9 mmol/L) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) were independently associated with high CAC (>90th percentile for age and sex) after adjusting for hypertension, lipids, smoking, and medication. RESULTS High CAC was significantly related to IFG in an age- and sex-adjusted model (odds ratio 1.4 [95% CI 1.1-1.7], P = 0.002; referent: normal fasting glucose) and after further adjustment for obesity (1.3 [1.0-1.6], P = 0.045). However, IFG was not associated with high CAC in multivariable-adjusted models before (1.2 [0.9-1.4], P = 0.20) or after adjustment for obesity. Obesity was associated with high CAC in age- and sex-adjusted models (1.6 [1.3-2.0], P < 0.001) and in multivariable models that included IFG (1.4 [1.1-1.7], P = 0.005). Multivariable-adjusted spline regression models suggested nonlinear relationships linking high CAC with BMI (J-shaped), waist circumference (J-shaped), and fasting glucose. CONCLUSIONS In this community-based cohort, CAC was associated with obesity, but not IFG, after adjusting for important confounders. With the increasing worldwide prevalence of obesity and nondiabetic hyperglycemia, these data underscore the importance of obesity in the pathogenesis of CAC.
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Gender as a moderator in the relationship between anxiety and carotid intima-media thickness: The PREVENCION study. Artery Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
Artery calcification reflects an admixture of factors such as ectopic osteochondral differentiation with primary host pathological conditions. We review how genetic factors, as identified by human genome-wide association studies, and incomplete correlations with various mouse studies, including knockout and strain analyses, fit into "pieces of the puzzle" in intimal calcification in human atherosclerosis, and artery tunica media calcification in aging, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. We also describe in sharp contrast how ENPP1, CD73, and ABCC6 serve as "cogs in a wheel" of arterial calcification. Specifically, each is a minor component in the function of a much larger network of factors that exert balanced effects to promote and suppress arterial calcification. For the network to normally suppress spontaneous arterial calcification, the "cogs" ENPP1, CD73, and ABCC6 must be present and in working order. Monogenic ENPP1, CD73, and ABCC6 deficiencies each drive a molecular pathophysiology of closely related but phenotypically different diseases (generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI), pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) and arterial calcification caused by CD73 deficiency (ACDC)), in which premature onset arterial calcification is a prominent but not the sole feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Rutsch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Münster University Children's Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Lee K, Sung J, Lee SC, Park SW, Kim YS, Lee JY, Ebrahim S, Song YM. Segment-specific carotid intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk factors in Koreans: the Healthy Twin Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2011; 19:1161-72. [DOI: 10.1177/1741826711422763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea
| | - Joohon Sung
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging Center, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging Center, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Sic Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shah Ebrahim
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
| | - Yun-Mi Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center and Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Peltsverger MY, Celi FS. Cardiovascular Risk in the Old Order Amish. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-011-0163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Genome-wide association analysis identifies variants associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease that have distinct effects on metabolic traits. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1001324. [PMID: 21423719 PMCID: PMC3053321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 722] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) clusters in families, but the only known common genetic variants influencing risk are near PNPLA3. We sought to identify additional genetic variants influencing NAFLD using genome-wide association (GWA) analysis of computed tomography (CT) measured hepatic steatosis, a non-invasive measure of NAFLD, in large population based samples. Using variance components methods, we show that CT hepatic steatosis is heritable (∼26%–27%) in family-based Amish, Family Heart, and Framingham Heart Studies (n = 880 to 3,070). By carrying out a fixed-effects meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) results between CT hepatic steatosis and ∼2.4 million imputed or genotyped SNPs in 7,176 individuals from the Old Order Amish, Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik study (AGES), Family Heart, and Framingham Heart Studies, we identify variants associated at genome-wide significant levels (p<5×10−8) in or near PNPLA3, NCAN, and PPP1R3B. We genotype these and 42 other top CT hepatic steatosis-associated SNPs in 592 subjects with biopsy-proven NAFLD from the NASH Clinical Research Network (NASH CRN). In comparisons with 1,405 healthy controls from the Myocardial Genetics Consortium (MIGen), we observe significant associations with histologic NAFLD at variants in or near NCAN, GCKR, LYPLAL1, and PNPLA3, but not PPP1R3B. Variants at these five loci exhibit distinct patterns of association with serum lipids, as well as glycemic and anthropometric traits. We identify common genetic variants influencing CT–assessed steatosis and risk of NAFLD. Hepatic steatosis associated variants are not uniformly associated with NASH/fibrosis or result in abnormalities in serum lipids or glycemic and anthropometric traits, suggesting genetic heterogeneity in the pathways influencing these traits. NAFLD is a spectrum of disease that ranges from steatosis to steatohepatitis (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH: inflammation around the fat) to fibrosis/cirrhosis. Hepatic steatosis can be measured non-invasively using computed tomography (CT) whereas NASH/fibrosis is assessed histologically. The genetic underpinnings of NAFLD remain to be determined. Here we estimate that 26%–27% of the variation in CT measured hepatic steatosis is heritable or genetic. We identify three variants near PNPLAL3, NCAN, and PPP1R3B that associate with CT hepatic steatosis and show that variants in or near NCAN, GCKR, LYPLAL1, and PNPLA3, but not PPP1R3B, associate with histologic lobular inflammation/fibrosis. Variants in or near NCAN, GCKR, and PPP1R3B associate with altered serum lipid levels, whereas those in or near LYPLAL1 and PNPLA3 do not. Variants near GCKR and PPP1R3B also affect glycemic traits. Thus, we show that NAFLD is genetically influenced and expand the number of common genetic variants that associate with this trait. Our findings suggest that development of hepatic steatosis, NASH/fibrosis, or abnormalities in metabolic traits are probably influenced by different metabolic pathways that may represent distinct therapeutic targets.
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Böger CA, Chen MH, Tin A, Olden M, Köttgen A, de Boer IH, Fuchsberger C, O'Seaghdha CM, Pattaro C, Teumer A, Liu CT, Glazer NL, Li M, O'Connell JR, Tanaka T, Peralta CA, Kutalik Z, Luan J, Zhao JH, Hwang SJ, Akylbekova E, Kramer H, van der Harst P, Smith AV, Lohman K, de Andrade M, Hayward C, Kollerits B, Tönjes A, Aspelund T, Ingelsson E, Eiriksdottir G, Launer LJ, Harris TB, Shuldiner AR, Mitchell BD, Arking DE, Franceschini N, Boerwinkle E, Egan J, Hernandez D, Reilly M, Townsend RR, Lumley T, Siscovick DS, Psaty BM, Kestenbaum B, Haritunians T, Bergmann S, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Mooser V, Waterworth D, Johnson AD, Florez JC, Meigs JB, Lu X, Turner ST, Atkinson EJ, Leak TS, Aasarød K, Skorpen F, Syvänen AC, Illig T, Baumert J, Koenig W, Krämer BK, Devuyst O, Mychaleckyj JC, Minelli C, Bakker SJ, Kedenko L, Paulweber B, Coassin S, Endlich K, Kroemer HK, Biffar R, Stracke S, Völzke H, Stumvoll M, Mägi R, Campbell H, Vitart V, Hastie ND, Gudnason V, Kardia SL, Liu Y, Polasek O, Curhan G, Kronenberg F, Prokopenko I, Rudan I, Ärnlöv J, Hallan S, Navis G, Parsa A, Ferrucci L, Coresh J, Shlipak MG, Bull SB, Paterson AD, Wichmann HE, Wareham NJ, Loos RJ, Rotter JI, Pramstaller PP, Cupples LA, Beckmann JS, Yang Q, Heid IM, Rettig R, Dreisbach AW, Bochud M, Fox CS, Kao W. CUBN is a gene locus for albuminuria. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22:555-70. [PMID: 21355061 PMCID: PMC3060449 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2010060598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of genetic risk factors for albuminuria may alter strategies for early prevention of CKD progression, particularly among patients with diabetes. Little is known about the influence of common genetic variants on albuminuria in both general and diabetic populations. We performed a meta-analysis of data from 63,153 individuals of European ancestry with genotype information from genome-wide association studies (CKDGen Consortium) and from a large candidate gene study (CARe Consortium) to identify susceptibility loci for the quantitative trait urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and the clinical diagnosis microalbuminuria. We identified an association between a missense variant (I2984V) in the CUBN gene, which encodes cubilin, and both UACR (P = 1.1 × 10(-11)) and microalbuminuria (P = 0.001). We observed similar associations among 6981 African Americans in the CARe Consortium. The associations between this variant and both UACR and microalbuminuria were significant in individuals of European ancestry regardless of diabetes status. Finally, this variant associated with a 41% increased risk for the development of persistent microalbuminuria during 20 years of follow-up among 1304 participants with type 1 diabetes in the prospective DCCT/EDIC Study. In summary, we identified a missense CUBN variant that associates with levels of albuminuria in both the general population and in individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten A. Böger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthias Olden
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Renal Division, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian H. de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Italy and Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Conall M. O'Seaghdha
- Division of Nephrology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Italy and Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health and NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Nicole L. Glazer
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carmen A. Peralta
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco Medical School and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V. Smith
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Hjartavernd, Holtasmara, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Division of Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Barbara Kollerits
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thor Aspelund
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Hjartavernd, Holtasmara, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gudny Eiriksdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Hjartavernd, Holtasmara, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Dan E. Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nora Franceschini
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Josephine Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Muredach Reilly
- University of Pennsylvania Division of Cardiology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raymond R. Townsend
- University of Pennsylvania Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - David S. Siscovick
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bryan Kestenbaum
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Talin Haritunians
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mooser
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dawn Waterworth
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachussetts, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James B. Meigs
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaoning Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health and NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Stephen T. Turner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elizabeth J. Atkinson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tennille S. Leak
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Knut Aasarød
- St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frank Skorpen
- Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Illig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jens Baumert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernhard K. Krämer
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, 5th Department of Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- NEFR Unit Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Cosetta Minelli
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Italy and Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stephan J.L. Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lyudmyla Kedenko
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Coassin
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Heyo K. Kroemer
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Reiner Biffar
- Clinic for Prosthodontic Dentistry, Gerostomatology and Material Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sylvia Stracke
- Nephrology Clinic for Internal Medicine A, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Reedik Mägi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, and Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Nicholas D. Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Hjartavernd, Holtasmara, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Sharon L.R. Kardia
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Division of Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Gary Curhan
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, and Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Rudan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stein Hallan
- St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - the CKDGen Consortium
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
- Renal Division, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Italy and Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health and NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston Massachusetts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco Medical School and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts
- Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
- Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Hjartavernd, Holtasmara, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Division of Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, Bethesda, Maryland
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
- University of Pennsylvania Division of Cardiology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- University of Pennsylvania Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachussetts, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, 5th Department of Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
- NEFR Unit Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic for Prosthodontic Dentistry, Gerostomatology and Material Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Nephrology Clinic for Internal Medicine A, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, and Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Gen-Info Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology & Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- University of Mississippi Division of Nephrology, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi
- University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, IUMSP, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Afshin Parsa
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Josef Coresh
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology & Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael G. Shlipak
- General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Shelley B. Bull
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - on behalf of DCCT/EDIC
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
- Renal Division, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Italy and Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health and NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston Massachusetts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco Medical School and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts
- Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
- Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Hjartavernd, Holtasmara, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Division of Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, Bethesda, Maryland
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
- University of Pennsylvania Division of Cardiology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- University of Pennsylvania Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachussetts, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Massachussetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, 5th Department of Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
- NEFR Unit Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic for Prosthodontic Dentistry, Gerostomatology and Material Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Nephrology Clinic for Internal Medicine A, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, and Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Gen-Info Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology & Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- University of Mississippi Division of Nephrology, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi
- University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, IUMSP, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Italy and Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health and NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Jacques S. Beckmann
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Albert W. Dreisbach
- University of Mississippi Division of Nephrology, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Murielle Bochud
- University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, IUMSP, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
| | - Caroline S. Fox
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - W.H.L. Kao
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Gillum DR, Staffileno BA. An integrative review of the current knowledge of cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors in the Old Order Amish. J Transcult Nurs 2011; 22:182-90. [PMID: 21317401 DOI: 10.1177/1043659610395772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the uniqueness of the Amish culture and evaluate the published research on cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors in the Amish. METHOD A computerized database search from January 1999 to January 2009 was conducted using the search terms Amish and cardiovascular. RESULTS The majority of published research is based on the Amish in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; is genetically based; and did not make recommendations for health care practices in the Amish. CONCLUSIONS Studies that focus on cardiovascular disease in the Amish outside Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and that study cardiovascular health care practices of the Amish are needed to develop culturally specific educational interventions.
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Association of systemic inflammatory activity with coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in the very elderly. Atherosclerosis 2011; 216:212-6. [PMID: 21316055 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the existence of association between plasma levels of pro- or anti-inflammatory mediators and atherosclerotic burden at coronary and carotid arteries in individuals aged of 80 or more years old. METHODS Healthy individuals aged between 80 and 102 years old (n = 178) underwent evaluation of plasma cytokines and acute phase proteins, intima-media thickness (IMT) and presence of plaques in carotid arteries by ultrasound and coronary artery calcification (CAC) by cardiac computed tomography. RESULTS There was no association between CAC and carotid plaques (p = 0.8), maximum (p = 0.06) or mean IMT (p = 0.2). No association was found between the presence of carotid plaques and CRP (p = 0.4), TNF-α (p = 0.8) or IL-10 (p = 0.2). Likewise, individuals in the first three quartiles for CRP, TNF-α or IL-10 had similar values of CAC, mean and maximum IMT. In contrast, individuals above the 75th percentile for CRP or for TNF-α had enhanced maximum IMT (p = 0.017 and p < 0.0001) and CAC (p = 0.026 and p = 0.01) and subjects with IL-10 levels above the 75th percentile had lower maximum IMT (p = 0.027) and CAC (p = 0.006) as compared with those below this percentile. There was no difference in mean IMT for individuals above or below the 75th percentile for CRP, TNF-α or IL-10. CONCLUSION In very old individuals, CAC and maximum IMT were positively associated with systemic inflammatory activity only in those above the 75th percentile. The markers of atherosclerotic burden at coronary and carotid arteries were not related to each other and were distinctly associated with pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, suggesting that atherosclerosis development is different in these vascular beds.
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Baker JF, Zhang L, Imadojemu S, Sharpe A, Patil S, Moore JS, Mohler ER, Von Feldt J. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells are reduced in SLE in the absence of coronary artery calcification. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:997-1002. [PMID: 21246370 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are reduced in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A reduced number of EPCs are associated with the presence of atherosclerosis in other populations. We sought to determine whether the reduction in EPC numbers in SLE is dependent on the presence of advanced coronary artery calcification (CAC). Patients with SLE had previous coronary calcium scores which placed them in either the >75th percentile or <25th percentile for their age. Seventeen patients with SLE and 13 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. White blood cells were stained for EPC and progenitor cell markers including CD34, CD133, and VEGFR and analyzed by flow cytometry. SLE patients had repeated coronary imaging as well as carotid ultrasound. There was no difference in age between groups. SLE patients with advanced CAC were more likely to be hypertensive, to be smokers, and to have longer disease duration than SLE patients without CAC. SLE patients without evidence of CAC had a significantly lower number of EPCs (CD34+/CD133+/VEGFR+) compared to HC (median (IQR)) 0 (0, 6.7) vs. 10.2 (5.8, 12.3) (P = 0.02). Total numbers of PCs (CD133+/CD34+) were not significantly decreased in patients with SLE ((mean ± SEM) 1,007 ± 154 vs. 824 ± 170 (P = 0.20)). No significant difference was seen in EPC number between SLE patients without CAC and those with advanced CAC. Increased carotid intima-media thickness did not correlate with CAC or EPC number in SLE patients. Reduced numbers of EPCs in SLE patients may be observed compared to HC even in the absence of CAC. Differences in measured risk factor profiles and depletion of total circulating PCs do not fully explain this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F Baker
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 8 Penn Tower Building, 34th and Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Hueb W, Lopes N, Soares PR, Gersh BJ, Lima EG, Vieira RDO, Garzillo CL, Garcia RR, Pereira AC, Strunz CM, Meneguetti C, Tsutsui J, Parga J, Lemos P, Hueb A, Ushida A, Maranhão R, Chamone DA, Ramires JA. Hypotheses, rationale, design, and methods for prognostic evaluation in type 2 diabetic patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. The MASS IV-DM Trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2010; 10:47. [PMID: 20920271 PMCID: PMC2956708 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-10-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The MASS IV-DM Trial is a large project from a single institution, the Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil to study ventricular function and coronary arteries in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods/Design The study will enroll 600 patients with type 2 diabetes who have angiographically normal ventricular function and coronary arteries. The goal of the MASS IV-DM Trial is to achieve a long-term evaluation of the development of coronary atherosclerosis by using angiograms and coronary-artery calcium scan by electron-beam computed tomography at baseline and after 5 years of follow-up. In addition, the incidence of major cardiovascular events, the dysfunction of various organs involved in this disease, particularly microalbuminuria and renal function, will be analyzed through clinical evaluation. In addition, an effort will be made to investigate in depth the presence of major cardiovascular risk factors, especially the biochemical profile, metabolic syndrome inflammatory activity, oxidative stress, endothelial function, prothrombotic factors, and profibrinolytic and platelet activity. An evaluation will be made of the polymorphism as a determinant of disease and its possible role in the genesis of micro- and macrovascular damage. Discussion The MASS IV-DM trial is designed to include diabetic patients with clinically suspected myocardial ischemia in whom conventional angiography shows angiographically normal coronary arteries. The result of extensive investigation including angiographic follow-up by several methods, vascular reactivity, pro-thrombotic mechanisms, genetic and biochemical studies may facilitate the understanding of so-called micro- and macrovascular disease of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whady Hueb
- Heart Institute of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Carotid intima-media thickness and risk for coronary heart disease. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-009-0044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bauer M, Möhlenkamp S, Lehmann N, Schmermund A, Roggenbuck U, Moebus S, Stang A, Mann K, Jöckel KH, Erbel R. The effect of age and risk factors on coronary and carotid artery atherosclerotic burden in males—Results of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. Atherosclerosis 2009; 205:595-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Michos ED, Streeten EA, Ryan KA, Rampersaud E, Peyser PA, Bielak LF, Shuldiner AR, Mitchell BD, Post W. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels are not associated with subclinical vascular disease or C-reactive protein in the old order amish. Calcif Tissue Int 2009; 84:195-202. [PMID: 19148561 PMCID: PMC2908302 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-008-9209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between vitamin D metabolites and subclinical vascular disease is controversial. Because low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) have been associated with many cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, we hypothesized that serum 25(OH)D levels would be inversely associated with inflammation as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) and with subclinical vascular disease as measured by carotid intimal medial thickness (cIMT) and coronary artery calcification (CAC). We measured 25(OH)D levels in 650 Amish participants. CAC was measured by computed tomography and cIMT by ultrasound. The associations of 25(OH)D levels with natural log(CAC + 1), cIMT, and natural log(CRP) levels were estimated after adjustment for age, sex, family structure, and season of examination. Additional analyses were carried out adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and other CVD risk factors. 25(OH)D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) and insufficiency (21-30 ng/ml) were common among the Amish (38.2% and 47.7%, respectively). 25(OH)D levels were associated with season, age, BMI, and parathyroid hormone levels. In neither the minimally or fully adjusted analyses were significant correlations observed between 25(OH)D levels and CAC, cIMT, or CRP (R (2) < 0.01 for all). Contrary to our hypothesis, this study failed to detect a cross-sectional association between serum 25(OH)D levels and CAC, cIMT, or CRP. Either there is no causal relationship between 25(OH)D and CVD risk, or if there is, it may be mediated through mechanisms other than subclinical vascular disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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