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Cheng B, Wei W, Pan C, Liu L, Cheng S, Yang X, Meng P, Zhao B, Xia J, Liu H, Jia Y, Wen Y, Zhang F. Air pollutants and the risk of incident hepatobiliary diseases: A large prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175047. [PMID: 39074751 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The association between air pollutants and hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases remains inconclusive. This study analyzed up to 247,091 participants of White European ancestry (aged 37 to 73 years at recruitment) from the UK Biobank, a large-scale prospective cohort with open access. An air pollution score was utilized to assess the combined effect of PM2.5, PM2.5-10, PM10, NO2, and NOX on total hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases, liver diseases, cholecyst diseases, and pancreatic diseases. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to evaluate the relationships between air pollutants and the incidence of these diseases. Restricted cubic spline regressions were used to examine the dose-response association between air pollutants and the risk of hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases. We identified 4865 cases of total hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases, over a median follow-up of 10.86 years. The air pollution scores were moderately associated with increased liver disease risk (HR = 1.009, 95 % CI: 1.004, 1.014), but not with cholecyst and pancreatic diseases. Among the individual air pollutants, PM2.5 (HR = 1.069, 95 % CI: 1.025, 1.115) and PM10 (HR = 1.036, 95 % CI: 1.011, 1.061) significantly increased liver disease risk. Males showed a higher risk of liver diseases with PM2.5 (HR = 1.075, 95 % CI: 1.015, 1.139). Additionally, individuals with overweight (HR = 1.125, 95 % CI: 1.052, 1.203), age ≥ 60 and ≤73 (HR = 1.098, 95 % CI: 1.028, 1.172), and alcohol intake ≥ 14 unit/week (HR = 1.078, 95 % CI: 1.006, 1.155) had a higher risk of developing liver diseases at high expose to PM2.5. This study suggests that prolonged exposure to ambient air pollutants may elevate the risk of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Wenming Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Li Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Xuena Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Peilin Meng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Boyue Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Jinyu Xia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Huan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Yan Wen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Environment and Endemic Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Disease and Health Promotion for Silk Road Region, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China.
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2
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Yan Z, Zhang Y, Nan N, Ji S, Lan S, Qin G, Sang N. YTHDC2 mediated RNA m 6A modification contributes to PM 2.5-induced hepatic steatosis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135004. [PMID: 38943883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a significant risk factor for hepatic steatosis. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is implicated in metabolic disturbances triggered by exogenous environmental factors. However, the role of m6A in mediating PM2.5-induced hepatic steatosis remains unclear. Herein, male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to PM2.5 exposure throughout the entire heating season utilizing a real-ambient PM2.5 whole-body inhalation exposure system. Concurrently, HepG2 cell models exposed to PM2.5 were developed to delve the role of m6A methylation modification. Following PM2.5 exposure, significant hepatic lipid accumulation and elevated global m6A level were observed both in vitro and in vivo. The downregulation of YTHDC2, an m6A-binding protein, might contribute to this alteration. In vitro studies revealed that lipid-related genes CEPT1 and YWHAH might be targeted by m6A modification. YTHDC2 could bind to CDS region of them and increase their stability. Exposure to PM2.5 shortened mRNA lifespan and suppressed the expression of CEPT1 and YWHAH, which were reversed to baseline or higher level upon the enforced expression of YTHDC2. Consequently, our findings indicate that PM2.5 induces elevated m6A methylation modification of CEPT1 and YWHAH by downregulating YTHDC2, which in turn mediates the decrease in the mRNA stabilization and expression of these genes, ultimately resulting in hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Nan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Shaoyang Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Siyi Lan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guohua Qin
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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Zhang D, Liu X, Sun L, Li D, Du J, Yang H, Yu D, Li C. Fine particulate matter disrupts bile acid homeostasis in hepatocytes via binding to and activating farnesoid X receptor. Toxicology 2024; 506:153850. [PMID: 38821196 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced metabolic disorders have attracted increasing attention, however, the underlying molecular mechanism of PM2.5-induced hepatic bile acid disorder remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of PM2.5 components on the disruption of bile acid in hepatocytes through farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathway. The receptor binding assays showed that PM2.5 extracts bound to FXR directly, with half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 21.7 μg/mL. PM2.5 extracts significantly promoted FXR-mediated transcriptional activity at 12.5 μg/mL. In mouse primary hepatocytes, we found PM2.5 extracts (100 μg/mL) significantly decreased the total bile acid levels, inhibited the expression of bile acid synthesis gene (Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, Cyp7a1), and increased the expression of bile acid transport genes (Multidrug resistance associated protein 2, Abcc2; and Bile salt export pump, Abcb11). Moreover, these alterations were significantly attenuated by knocking down FXR in hepatocytes. We further divided the organic components and water-soluble components from PM2.5, and found that two components bound to and activated FXR, and decreased the bile acid levels in hepatocytes. In addition, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and cadmium (Cd) were identified as two bioactive components in PM2.5-induced bile acid disorders through FXR signaling pathway. Overall, we found PM2.5 components could bind to and activate FXR, thereby disrupting bile acid synthesis and transport in hepatocytes. These new findings also provide new insights into PM2.5-induced toxicity through nuclear receptor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinya Liu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lanchao Sun
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jingyue Du
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huizi Yang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chuanhai Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Zhao Y, Peng Y, Wang M, Zhao Y, He Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Zheng S. Exposure to PM 2.5 and its constituents is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cohort study in Northwest of China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:304. [PMID: 39002087 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating animal studies have demonstrated associations between ambient air pollution (AP) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), but relevant epidemiological evidence is limited. We evaluated the association of long-term exposure to AP with the risk of incident MAFLD in Northwest China. The average AP concentration between baseline and follow-up was used to assess individual exposure levels. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline functions (RCS) were used to estimate the association of PM2.5 and its constituents with the risk of MAFLD and the dose-response relationship. Quantile g-computation was used to assess the joint effects of mixed exposure to air pollutants on MAFLD and the weights of the various pollutants. We observed 1516 cases of new-onset MAFLD, with an incidence of 10.89%. Increased exposure to pollutants was significantly associated with increased odds of MAFLD, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.93 (95% CI: 1.22, 7.00), 2.86 (1.44, 5.66), 7.55 (3.39, 16.84), 4.83 (1.89, 12.38), 3.35 (1.35, 8.34), 1.89 (1.02, 1.62) for each interquartile range increase in PM2.5, SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, OM, and BC, respectively. Stratified analyses suggested that females, frequent exercisers and never-drinkers were more susceptible to MAFLD associated with ambient PM2.5 and its constituents. Mixed exposure to SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, OM and BC was associated with an increased risk of MAFLD, and the weight of BC had the strongest effect on MAFLD. Exposure to ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yindi Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Minzhen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yingqian He
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Yan Z, Qin G, Shi X, Jiang X, Cheng Z, Zhang Y, Nan N, Cao F, Qiu X, Sang N. Multilevel Screening Strategy to Identify the Hydrophobic Organic Components of Ambient PM 2.5 Associated with Hepatocellular Steatosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10458-10469. [PMID: 38836430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is the first step in a series of events that drives hepatic disease and has been considerably associated with exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Although the chemical constituents of particles matter in the negative health effects, the specific components of PM2.5 that trigger hepatic steatosis remain unclear. New strategies prioritizing the identification of the key components with the highest potential to cause adverse effects among the numerous components of PM2.5 are needed. Herein, we established a high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) data set comprising the hydrophobic organic components corresponding to 67 PM2.5 samples in total from Taiyuan and Guangzhou, two representative cities in North and South China, respectively. The lipid accumulation bioeffect profiles of the above samples were also obtained. Considerable hepatocyte lipid accumulation was observed in most PM2.5 extracts. Subsequently, 40 of 695 components were initially screened through machine learning-assisted data filtering based on an integrated bioassay with MS data. Next, nine compounds were further selected as candidates contributing to hepatocellular steatosis based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion evaluation and molecular dockingin silico. Finally, seven components were confirmed in vitro. This study provided a multilevel screening strategy for key active components in PM2.5 and provided insight into the hydrophobic PM2.5 components that induce hepatocellular steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guohua Qin
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xing Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Nan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Fuyuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Chinese Information Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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Cao R, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhang W. Causal relationship between air pollution, lung function, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1368483. [PMID: 38746002 PMCID: PMC11092889 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1368483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The association between air pollution, lung function, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains inconclusive. Previous studies were not convincing due to confounding factors and reverse causality. We aim to investigate the causal relationship between air pollution, lung function, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and NAFLD using Mendelian randomization analysis. Methods In this study, univariate Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted first. Subsequently, Steiger testing was performed to exclude the possibility of reverse association. Finally, significant risk factors identified from the univariate Mendelian analysis, as well as important factors affecting NAFLD from previous observational studies (type 2 diabetes and body mass index), were included in the multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis. Results The results of the univariable Mendelian randomization analysis showed a positive correlation between particulate matter 2.5, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and NAFLD. There was a negative correlation between forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, and NAFLD. The multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a direct causal relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (OR = 1.537, p = 0.011), type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.261, p < 0.001), and NAFLD. Conclusion This Mendelian randomization study confirmed the causal relationships between air pollution, lung function, gastroesophageal reflux, and NAFLD. Furthermore, gastroesophageal reflux and type 2 diabetes were identified as independent risk factors for NAFLD, having a direct causal connection with the occurrence of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmin Cao
- Jinzhou Medical University Postgraduate Training Base (Jinzhou Central Hospital), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Honghe Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Yurun Zhang
- Rehabilitation Therapy, Shandong Xiandai University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Guo
- General Surgery, Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Jinzhou Medical University Postgraduate Training Base (Jinzhou Central Hospital), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Bo Y, Lin C, Guo C, Wong M, Huang B, Lau A, Huang Y, Lao XQ. Chronic exposure to ambient air pollution and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study in Taiwan and Hong Kong. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116245. [PMID: 38520807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the relation of air pollution with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is scarce. We thus conducted a large cross-sectional study in Asia to investigate the role of air pollution in NAFLD. METHODS We recruited 329,048 adults (mean age: 41.0 years) without other liver disease (hepatitis and cirrhosis) or excessive alcohol consumption in Taiwan and Hong Kong from 2001 to 2018. The concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) were estimated using a space-time regression model, and the concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was evaluated using a satellite-based spatio-temporal model. NAFLD was determined using either the fatty liver index (FLI) or the hepatic steatosis index (HSI). The NAFLD-related advanced fibrosis was defined according to BARD score or the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4). A logistic regression model was adopted to explore the relationships of ambient air pollution with the odds of NAFLD and NAFLD-related advanced fibrosis. RESULTS We found positive relationships between PM2.5 and the odds of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis, with every standard deviation (SD, 7.5 µg/m3) increases in PM2.5 exposure being associated with a 10% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9%-11%) increment in the prevalence of NAFLD and an 8% (95% CI: 7%-9%) increment in the prevalence of advanced fibrosis. Similarly, the prevalence of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis increased by 8% (95% CI: 7%-9%) and 7% (95% CI: 6%-8%) with per SD (18.9 µg/m3) increasement in NO2 concentration, respectively. Additionally, for every SD (9.9 µg/m3) increasement in O3 concentration, the prevalence of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis decreased by 12% (95% CI: 11%-13%) and 11% (95% CI: 9%-12%), respectively. CONCLUSION Higher ambient PM2.5 and NO2 are linked with higher odds of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis. Our findings indicate that reducing PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations may be an effective way for preventing NAFLD. Further studies on O3 are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacong Bo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Changqing Lin
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cui Guo
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexis Lau
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Qian Lao
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong KongHong Kong, China.
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Tavabie O, Clough J, King J, Nicholas V, Kumar A. Challenges of developing a green gastroenterology evidence base and how trainee research networks can fill the gaps. Frontline Gastroenterol 2023:flgastro-2023-102497. [DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Trainee research networks are a collaborative effort to enable high-quality multicentre audits or research that is more widely accessible to trainees. Such networks lead, design and deliver research at a far higher scale than could be achieved locally and are carried out solely by trainees. There is an increasing focus on delivering research that is not only environmentally sustainable but also focuses on areas that can reduce the carbon footprint of service provision in gastroenterology and hepatology. In this manuscript, we performed a scoping review to understand the current evidence base of the impact of gastroenterology and hepatology services on the environment as well as exploring any association between pollution and climate change with gastrointestinal and liver disease. We further discuss the barriers that researchers face in delivering environmentally sustainable research, the limitation in clinical guidelines related to practicing environmentally sustainable gastroenterology and hepatology and how the trainee research networks are ideally placed to initiate change by developing, disseminating and implementing best practice in ‘green Gastroenterology’.
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Patterson WB, Holzhausen E, Chalifour B, Goodrich J, Costello E, Lurmann F, Conti DV, Chen Z, Chatzi L, Alderete TL. Exposure to ambient air pollutants, serum miRNA networks, lipid metabolism, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in young adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115486. [PMID: 37729806 PMCID: PMC10548742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ambient air pollution (AAP) exposure has been associated with altered blood lipids and liver fat in young adults. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and may mediate these relationships. This work investigated associations between AAP exposure, serum microRNA networks, lipid profiles, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk in young adults. METHODS Participants were 170 young adults (17-22 years) from the Meta-AIR cohort of the Children's Health Study (CHS). Residential AAP exposure (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, 8-hour maximum O3, redox-weighted oxidative capacity [Oxwt]) was spatially interpolated from monitoring stations via inverse-distance-squared weighting. Fasting serum lipids were assayed. Liver fat was imaged by MRI and NAFLD was defined by ≥ 5.5% hepatic fat fraction. Serum microRNAs were measured via NanoString and microRNA networks were constructed by weighted gene correlation network analysis. The first principal component of each network represented its expression profile. Multivariable mixed effects regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical covariates; baseline CHS town code was a random effect. Effects estimates are scaled to one standard deviation of exposure. Mediation analysis explored microRNA profiles as potential mediators of exposure-outcome associations. DIANA-mirPATH identified overrepresented gene pathways targeted by miRNA networks. RESULTS Prior-month Oxwt was associated with NAFLD (OR=3.45; p = 0.003) and inversely associated with microRNA Network A (β = -0.016; p = 0.026). Prior-year NO2 was associated with non-HDL-cholesterol (β = 7.13; p = 0.01) and inversely associated with miRNA Network A (β = -0.019; p = 0.022). Network A expression was inversely associated with NAFLD (OR=0.35; p = 0.010) and non-HDL-C (β = -6.94 mg/dL; p = 0.035). Network A members miR-199a/b-3p and miR-130a, which both target fatty acid synthase, mediated 21% of the association between prior-month Oxwt exposure with NAFLD (p = 0.048) and 23.3% of the association between prior-year NO2 exposure and non-HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.026), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to AAP may contribute to adverse lipid profiles and NAFLD risk among young adults via altered expression of microRNA profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Patterson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Holzhausen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Bridget Chalifour
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jesse Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Costello
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - David V Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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10
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Matthiessen C, Glaubitz L, Lucht S, Kälsch J, Luedde T, Erbel R, Stang A, Schmidt B, Friedman SL, Canbay A, Bechmann LP, Hoffmann B. Long-term exposure to air pollution and prevalent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Environ Epidemiol 2023; 7:e268. [PMID: 37840860 PMCID: PMC10569764 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease characterized by lipid accumulation within hepatocytes, ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, in the absence of secondary causes of hepatic fat accumulation. Although air pollution (AP) has been associated with several conditions related to NAFLD (e.g., metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus), few studies have explored an association between AP and NAFLD. The aim of the study was to investigate whether exposure to AP is associated with NAFLD prevalence. Methods We used baseline cross-sectional data (2000-2003) of the Heinz-Nixdorf-Recall cohort study in Germany (baseline n = 4,814), a prospective population-based cohort study in the urbanized Ruhr Area. Mean annual exposure to size-fractioned particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMcoarse, and PM2.5abs), nitrogen dioxide, and particle number was assessed using two different exposure models: a chemistry transport dispersion model, which captures urban background AP exposure on a 1 km2 grid at participant's residential addresses, and a land use regression model, which captures point-specific AP exposure at participant's residential addresses. NAFLD was assessed with the fatty liver index (n = 4,065), with NAFLD defined as fatty liver index ≥60. We estimated ORs of NAFLD per interquartile range of exposure using logistic regression, adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. Results We observed a NAFLD prevalence of 31.7% (n = 1,288). All air pollutants were positively associated with NAFLD prevalence, with an OR per interquartile range for PM2.5 of 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 1.24) using chemistry transport model, and 1.06 (95% CI = 0.94, 1.19) using the land use regression model, respectively. Conclusion There was a positive association between long-term AP exposure and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Matthiessen
- Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lina Glaubitz
- Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Lucht
- Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardinal Health, Dublin, Ohio
| | - Julia Kälsch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stang
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars P. Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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11
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Hou X, Mao Z, Song X, Li R, Liao W, Kang N, Zhang C, Liu X, Chen R, Huo W, Wang C, Hou J. Synergistic association of long-term ozone exposure and solid fuel use with biomarkers of advanced fibrosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85318-85329. [PMID: 37382821 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the association of combined exposure to cooking fuel type and ambient ozone (O3) levels with hepatic fibrosis indices among rural adults. A total of 21,010 participants were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort. Information regarding cooking fuel type was collected through a questionnaire, and the concentration of ground-level O3 for each subject was obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset. A generalized linear model was used to examine the independent association of cooking fuel type or O3 exposure with hepatic fibrosis indices (FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT), and their possible interactions with advanced fibrosis were conducted. Compared to clean fuel users, solid fuel users had increased the risk of advanced fibrosis, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of its assessment by FIB-4 1.240 (1.151, 1.336), by APRI 1.298 (1.185, 1.422), and by AST/ALT 1.135 (1.049, 1.227), respectively. Compared to low O3 exposure, the adjusted ORs of advanced fibrosis assessed by FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT in women with high O3 exposure were correspondingly 1.219 (1.138, 1.305), 1.110 (1.017, 1.212), and 0.883 (0.822, 0.949). The adjusted ORs of advanced fibrosis assessed by FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT for solid fuel users with high O3 exposure relative to clean fuel users with low O3 exposure in women were 1.557 (1.381, 1.755), 1.427 (1.237, 1.644), and 0.979 (0.863, 1.108), respectively. Significant additive effect of O3 exposure and solid fuel use on FIB-4-defined advanced fibrosis was observed in women, which was quantified by RERI (0.265, 95%CI: 0.052, 0.477), AP (0.170 95%CI: 0.045, 0.295), and SI (1.906, 95%CI: 1.058, 3.432). Solid fuel users with high O3 exposure were significantly associated with elevated hepatic fibrosis indices among rural women, suggesting that poor air quality may induce hepatocellular injury, and women might be more vulnerable to air pollution. The findings indicate that using cleaner fuels in cooking is an effective measure to maintain sustainable development of the environment and gain beneficial effect on human health. Clinical trial registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Song
- Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoling Chen
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wirsching J, Nagel G, Tsai MY, de Hoogh K, Jaensch A, Anwander B, Sokhi RS, Ulmer H, Zitt E, Concin H, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, Weinmayr G. Exposure to ambient air pollution and elevated blood levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase in a large Austrian cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 883:163658. [PMID: 37100134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) is related to oxidative stress and an indicator for liver damage. We investigated the association between air pollution and GGT in a large Austrian cohort (N = 116,109) to better understand how air pollution affects human health. Data come from voluntary prevention visits that were routinely collected within the Vorarlberg Health Monitoring and Prevention Program (VHM&PP). Recruitment was ongoing from 1985 to 2005. Blood was drawn and GGT measured centralized in two laboratories. Land use regression models were applied to estimate individuals' exposure at their home address for particulate matter (PM) with a diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5), <10 μm (PM10), fraction between 10 μm and 2.5 μm (PMcoarse), as well as PM2.5 absorbance (PM2.5abs), NO2, NOx and eight components of PM. Linear regression models, adjusting for relevant individual and community-level confounders were calculated. The study population was 56 % female with a mean age of 42 years and mean GGT was 19.0 units. Individual PM2.5 and NO2 exposures were essentially below European limit values of 25 and 40 μg/m3, respectively, with means of 13.58 μg/m3 for PM2.5 and 19.93 μg/m3 for NO2. Positive associations were observed for PM2.5, PM10, PM2.5abs, NO2, NOx, and Cu, K, S in PM2.5 and PM10 fractions and Zn mainly in PM2.5 fraction. The strongest association per interquartile range observed was an increase of serum GGT concentration by 1.40 % (95 %-CI: 0.85 %; 1.95 %) per 45.7 ng/m3 S in PM2.5. Associations were robust to adjustments for other biomarkers, in two-pollutant models and the subset with a stable residential history. We found that long-term exposure to air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, PM2.5abs, NO2, NOx) as well as certain elements, were positively associated with baseline GGT levels. The elements associated suggest a role of traffic emissions, long range transport and wood burning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wirsching
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz (aks), Austria
| | - Ming-Yi Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Jaensch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernhard Anwander
- Institut für Umwelt und Lebensmittelsicherheit des Landes Vorarlberg, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Ranjeet S Sokhi
- Centre for Atmospheric and Climate Physics Research (CACP), School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Hanno Ulmer
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz (aks), Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Hans Concin
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz (aks), Austria
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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13
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Deng P, Tang H, Zhu L, Duan J, Li F, Li Y, Wang J, Wu J, Meng C, Wang W, Yang Y, Chen Z, Wang J, Yuan H, Huang Z, Cai J, Lu Y. Association of long-term ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121666. [PMID: 37080516 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is increasingly recognized as an important environmental risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, epidemiologic evidence on long-term exposure to high air pollution concentrations with incident NAFLD is still very limited. Here, we constructed a population-based dynamic cohort involving 17,106 subjects who were enrolled between 2005 and 2013 and subsequently followed until 2017, combined with a high-resolution ambient fine particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) dataset, to investigate the association of long-term PM2.5 exposure (cumulative annual average levels ranged from 36.67 to 111.16 μg/m3) with NAFLD incidence (N = 4,640). We estimated the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident NAFLD among those exposed to the highest quartile of PM2.5 was 2.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.80-2.30] compared with individuals exposed to the lowest quartile of PM2.5. The dose-response relationships for PM2.5 are non-linear for NAFLD across the exposure distribution. Further stratified analyses revealed that lean (<23 kg/m2), younger (<40-year-old), and women individuals appeared more vulnerable to the harmful effects of PM2.5 exposure. Our study suggests a greater long-term high ambient PM2.5 exposure is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in Chinese adults, particularly in specific groups, including lean, women, and younger people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Deng
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Department of Endoscopy and Laser, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510062, China
| | - Haibo Tang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Liyong Zhu
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jingwen Duan
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Fei Li
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yalan Li
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Changjiang Meng
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yiping Yang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Drug Clinical Evaluation Technology, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, 410013, China; School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
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14
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Yan Z, Li S, Chen R, Xie H, Wu M, Nan N, Xing Q, Yun Y, Qin G, Sang N. Effects of differential regional PM 2.5 induced hepatic steatosis and underlying mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121220. [PMID: 36746292 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to PM2.5 is associated with a high risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is typically characterised by hepatic steatosis. However, the underlying mechanisms and critical components of PM2.5-induced hepatic steatosis remain to be elucidated. In this study, ten-month-old C57BL/6 female mice were exposed to PM2.5 from four cities in China (Taiyuan, Beijing, Hangzhou, and Guangzhou) via oropharyngeal aspiration every other day for four weeks. After the exposure period, hepatic lipid accumulation was evaluated by biochemical and histopathological analyses. The expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism and metabolomic profiles were assessed in the mouse liver. The association between biomarkers of hepatic steatosis (hepatic Oil Red O staining area and serum and liver triglyceride contents) and typical components of PM2.5 was identified using Pearson correlation analysis. Oil Red O staining and biochemical results indicated that PM2.5 from four cities significantly induced hepatic lipid accumulation. The most severe hepatic steatosis was observed after Guangzhou PM2.5 exposure. Moreover, Guangzhou PM2.5-induced the most significant changes in gene expression associated with lipid metabolism, including increased hepatic fatty acid uptake and lipid droplet formation and decreased fatty acid synthesis and lipoprotein secretion. Contemporaneously, exposure to Guangzhou PM2.5 significantly perturbed hepatic lipid metabolism. According to metabolomic analysis, disturbed hepatic lipid metabolism was primarily concentrated in linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Finally, correlation analysis revealed that copper (Cu) and other inorganic components, as well as the majority of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were related to changes in biomarkers of hepatic steatosis. These findings showed that PM2.5 exposure caused hepatic steatosis in aged mice, which could be related to the critical chemical components of PM2.5. This study provides critical information regarding the components of PM2.5, which cause hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Shuyue Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100054, PR China; Beijing City University, Beijing, 11418, PR China
| | - Haohan Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100054, PR China
| | - Meiqiong Wu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China; School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, 030001, PR China
| | - Nan Nan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Qisong Xing
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Guohua Qin
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
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15
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Wen Q, Liu T, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zheng R, Li L, Chen R, Wang S. Self-Reported Primary Cooking Fuels Use and Risk of Chronic Digestive Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study of 0.5 Million Chinese Adults. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:47002. [PMID: 37011136 PMCID: PMC10069757 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household air pollution (HAP) from inefficient combustion of solid fuels is a major health concern worldwide. However, prospective evidence on the health impacts of solid cooking fuels and risks of chronic digestive diseases remains scarce. OBJECTIVES We explored the effects of self-reported primary cooking fuels on the incidence of chronic digestive diseases. METHODS The China Kadoorie Biobank recruited 512,726 participants 30-79 years of age from 10 regions across China. Information on primary cooking fuels at the current and previous two residences was collected via self-reporting at baseline. Incidence of chronic digestive diseases was identified through electronic linkage and active follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of self-reported long-term cooking fuel patterns and weighted duration of self-reported solid cooking fuel use with chronic digestive diseases incidence. Linear trend was tested by assigning the medians of weighted duration in each group and then taking those as continuous variables in the models. Subgroup analyses were undertaken across the baseline characteristics of participants. RESULTS During 9.1±1.6 y of follow-up, 16,810 new cases of chronic digestive diseases were documented, among which 6,460 were diagnosed as cancers. Compared with long-term cleaner fuel use, self-reported long-term use of solid cooking fuels (i.e., coal, wood) was associated with elevated risks of chronic digestive diseases (HR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13), including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (HR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.87), hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis (HR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.73), cholecystitis (HR=1.19; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.32), and peptic ulcers (HR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.33). The longer the weighted duration of self-reported solid cooking fuel use, the higher the risks of chronic digestive diseases, hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis, peptic ulcers, and esophageal cancer (pTrend<0.05). The aforementioned associations were modified by sex and body mass index (BMI). Positive associations of always solid cooking fuel use with chronic digestive disease, hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis, NAFLD, and cholecystitis were observed among women but not men. The longer the weighted duration of self-reported solid cooking fuel use, the higher the risk of NAFLD among those with a BMI ≥28 kg/m2. DISCUSSION Long-term self-reported solid cooking fuels use was associated with higher risks of chronic digestive diseases. The positive association of HAP from solid cooking fuels with chronic digestive diseases indicates for an imminent promotion of cleaner fuels as public health interventions. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaorui Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tanxin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Rongshou Zheng
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Chen
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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16
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Li FR, Liao J, Zhu B, Li X, Cheng Z, Jin C, Mo C, Wu X, Li Q, Liang F. Long-term exposure to air pollution and incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cirrhosis: A cohort study. Liver Int 2023; 43:299-307. [PMID: 36069651 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epidemiological evidence regarding the association of air pollution with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is limited. This study was to examine the associations of long-term exposure to various air pollutants and overall air pollution with risk of incident NAFLD as well as cirrhosis, a major liver-related morbidity for NAFLD. METHODS Included were 456 687 UK residents. Air pollution data included PM2.5 , PM2.5-10 , PM10 , NO2 and NOx . A weighted air pollution score was also generated from PM10 and NOx . Cox proportional hazard models were employed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We identified 4978 cases of NAFLD and 1575 cases of incident cirrhosis, over a median follow-up of 11.9 years. PM2.5 , PM10 , NO2 and NOx exposures contributed to the excess risk of NAFLD associated with air pollution score; and the corresponding adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.10 (1.05, 1.14), 1.14 (1.09, 1.20), 1.19 (1.13, 1.24) and 1.11 (1.07, 1.15), respectively, for each interquartile range increase in the above specific air pollutants. Similar patterns were also indicated for cirrhosis risk. Alcohol consumption was an effect modifier for the association between air pollution score and NAFLD risk, whereas body mass index modified the association for cirrhosis risk. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with risks of NAFLD and cirrhosis among the UK population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Rong Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Health and Precision Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Liao
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunbao Mo
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianbo Wu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengchao Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Health and Precision Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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17
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Du Z, Hu J, Lin L, Liang Q, Sun M, Sun Z, Duan J. Melatonin alleviates PM 2.5 -induced glucose metabolism disorder and lipidome alteration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12823. [PMID: 35986482 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) was associated with an increased incidence of liver metabolic disease. Melatonin has been shown to prevent liver glucolipid metabolism disorders. However, whether melatonin could rescue PM2.5 -induced liver metabolic abnormalities remains uncertain. This study was to evaluate the mitigating effect of melatonin on PM2.5 -accelerated hepatic glucose metabolism imbalance in vivo and in vitro. Schiff periodic acid shiff staining and other results showed that PM2.5 led to a decrease in hepatic glycogen reserve and an increase in glucose content, which was effectively alleviated by melatonin. Targeted lipidomics is used to identify lipid biomarkers associated with this process, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids. In addition, gene microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of ApoE-/- mice liver suggested that PM2.5 activated the miR-200a-3p and inhibited DNAJB9, and the targeting relationship was verified by luciferase reports for the first time. Further investigation demonstrated that DNAJB9 might motivate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by regulating Ca2+ homeostasis, thus altering the protein expression of GSK3B, FOXO1, and PCK2. Meanwhile, melatonin effectively inhibited miR-200a-3p and glucose metabolism disorder. Knockout of miR-200a-3p in L02 cells revealed that miR-200a-3p is indispensable in the damage of PM2.5 and the therapeutic effect of melatonin. In summary, melatonin alleviated PM2.5 -induced liver metabolic dysregulation by regulating ER stress via miR-200a-3p/DNAJB9 signaling pathway. Our data provide a prospective targeted therapy for air pollution-related liver metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisen Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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18
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VoPham T, Kim NJ, Berry K, Mendoza JA, Kaufman JD, Ioannou GN. PM 2.5 air pollution exposure and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113611. [PMID: 35688225 PMCID: PMC9378584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Particulate matter air pollution <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) is a ubiquitous exposure primarily produced from fossil fuel combustion. Previous epidemiologic studies have been mixed. The objective of this study was to examine the association between ambient PM2.5 exposure and NAFLD among hospitalized patients in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of hospitalizations from 2001 to 2011 using the NIS, the largest nationally representative all-payer inpatient care administrative database in the United States. Average annual PM2.5 exposure was estimated by linking census tracts (based on NIS-provided hospital ZIP Codes) with a spatiotemporal exposure model. Clinical conditions were identified using hospital discharge diagnosis codes. Multivariable logistic regression incorporating discharge weights was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between PM2.5 exposure and odds of NAFLD among hospitalized patients adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, year, individual- and area-level socioeconomic status, urbanicity, region, obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, impaired fasting glucose, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and smoking. RESULTS There were 269,705 hospitalized patients with NAFLD from 2001 to 2011 (total unweighted n = 45,433,392 hospitalizations). Higher ambient PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased odds of NAFLD among hospitalized patients (adjusted OR: 1.24 per 10 μg/m3 increase, 95% CI 1.15-1.33, p < 0.01). There were statistically significant interactions between PM2.5 exposure and age, race/ethnicity, diabetes, smoking, and region, with stronger positive associations among patients who were aged ≥45 years, non-Hispanic White or Asian/Pacific Islander, non-diabetics, non-smokers, or in the Midwest and West regions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this nationwide cross-sectional analysis of the NIS database, there was a positive association between ambient PM2.5 exposure and odds of NAFLD among hospitalized patients. Future research should examine the effects of long-term historical PM2.5 exposure and incident NAFLD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Nicole J Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristin Berry
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jason A Mendoza
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Nutritional Sciences Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - George N Ioannou
- Epidemiology Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
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19
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Chin WS, Pan SC, Huang CC, Chen PJ, Guo YL. Exposure to Air Pollution and Survival in Follow-Up after Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Liver Cancer 2022; 11:474-482. [PMID: 36158593 PMCID: PMC9485987 DOI: 10.1159/000525346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Air pollutants are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter with an aerodiameter of 2.5 μm or lower (PM2.5) has been reported to be linked with increased mortality due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effects of air pollutants other than PM2.5 on HCC-related mortality have not been fully investigated. Accordingly, we conducted this study to assess the effect of long-term exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide [NO2]) on HCC-related mortality. Method In 2005, the Taiwan Liver Cancer Network (TLCN) was established by the National Research Program for Genomic Medicine to recruit liver cancer patients from 5 major medical centers in northern, central, and southern Taiwan. The TLCN had successfully recruited 9,344 patients by the end of 2018. In this study, we included 1,000 patients randomly sampled from the TLCN to assess the effect of exposure to air pollutants on HCC mortality after HCC diagnosis. Daily averages of PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations were retrieved from 77 air quality-monitoring stations and interpolated to the townships of patients' residences by using the Kriging method. The effect of air pollutants on HCC survival was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results A total of 940 patients were included in the analysis. After adjusting for potential confounders and mutually adjusting for co-pollutants, we observed that the hazards ratio (95% confidence interval) for HCC-related mortality for every 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was 1.11 (1.08-1.14) and that for every 1-ppb increase in NO2 concentration was 1.08 (1.03-1.13). Conclusion Our study suggests that long-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 was associated with decreased survival time in patients with HCC in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shan Chin
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Chun Pan
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, NTU College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology, NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue Leon Guo
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Sun S, Yang Q, Zhou Q, Cao W, Yu S, Zhan S, Sun F. Long-term exposure to air pollution, habitual physical activity and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective cohort study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 235:113440. [PMID: 35344898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging studies suggest a positive association between air pollution exposure and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, the combined effects of long-term exposure to air pollution, physical activity (PA), and risk of NAFLD is unclear. METHODS We included 58,026 Taiwan residents who received a standard medical screening program between 2001 and 2016. Levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at each participant's residential address were estimated using multiple satellite-based aerosol optical depth data combined with a chemical transport model. PA volume was calculated as hours of metabolic equivalent tasks per week (MET-h/week) based on a standard self-administered questionnaire. Incident NAFLD was defined as the first occurrence of a fatty liver index (FLI) value > 30 or a hepatic steatosis index (HSI) value > 36 in participants without NAFLD at the baseline. Time-varying Cox regression was used to evaluate the combined effects of PA and PM2.5. RESULTS Exposure to PM2.5 was positively associated with NAFLD. A 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 above 23.5 μg/m3 was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.09) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.07) for NAFLD identified by FLI and HSI, respectively. Performing PA was inversely associated with NAFLD. Compared with participants in high PM2.5 [≥ 27.5 μg/m3]-very low PA [< 3.75 MET-h/week] group, low PM2.5 [< 23.5 μg/m3]-very high PA [≥ 25.50 MET-h/week] group had a 57% (95% CI: 50%, 63%) and 42% (95% CI: 33%, 50%) lower risk of NAFLD defined by FLI and HSI, respectively. We found no evidence of any additive or multiplicative interaction between PA and PM2.5. CONCLUSION Long-term PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with NAFLD, whereas performing PA was inversely associated with NAFLD. The benefits of PA on NAFLD remained stable in participants exposed to various PM2.5 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingxin Zhou
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wangnan Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 1000191, China
| | - Siwang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China.
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21
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Xu Z, Shi L, Li D, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Gao M, Ji A, Jiang Q, Chen R, Zhang R, Chen W, Zheng Y, Cui L. Real ambient particulate matter-induced lipid metabolism disorder: Roles of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113173. [PMID: 35007830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence associated particulate matter (PM) exposure with lipid metabolism disorders, yet, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Among the major lipid metabolism modulators, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha plays an important role. In the current study, an individually ventilated cage (IVC) system was used to expose C57/B6 mice to real-ambient PM for six weeks, with or without co-treatment of PPAR alpha agonist WY14,643. The general parameters, liver and adipose tissue pathology, serum lipids, metal deposition and lipid profile of liver were assessed. The results indicated that six weeks of real-ambient PM exposure induced dyslipidemia, including increased serum triglycerides (TG) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, along with steatosis in liver, increased size of adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) and whitening of brown adipose tissue (BAT). ICP-MS results indicated increased Cr and As deposition in liver. Lipidomics analysis revealed that glycerophospholipids and cytochrome P450 pathway were most significantly affected by PM exposure. Several lipid metabolism-related genes, including CYP4A14 in liver and UCP1 in BAT were downregulated following PM exposure. WY14,643 treatment alleviated PM-induced dyslipidemia, liver steatosis and whitening of BAT, while enhancing CD36, SLC27A1, CYP4A14 and UCP1 expression. In conclusion, PPAR alpha pathway participates in PM-induced lipid metabolism disorder, PPAR alpha agonist WY14,643 treatment exerted protective effects on PM-induced dyslipidemia, liver steatosis and whitening of BAT, but not on increased adipocyte size of WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Limei Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qincheng Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andong Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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22
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Sun S, Yang Q, Zhou Q, Cao W, Yu S, Zhan S, Sun F. Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study. Gut 2022; 71:443-445. [PMID: 33785558 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wangnan Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Siwang Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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23
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Wu ZH, Zhao M, Yu H, Li HD. The impact of particulate matter 2.5 on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 95:677-683. [PMID: 34654946 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01773-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The convoluted element of PM2.5 may cause various biological reactions. Nowadays, few studies have indicated the long-term health effects of PM2.5 on HCC. Therefore, this meta-analysis first aims to obtain more precise estimates of the effects of PM2.5 exposure on HCC to assess the strength of the evidence. METHODS A combination of computer and manual retrieval was used to search in Medline through PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to examine the heterogeneity among the studies. RESULTS Finally, 8 qualified articles meet the inclusion criteria. The results were I2 = 0%, P > 0.1 indicating that there was no heterogeneity. The results showed that the concentration of PM2.5 increased by 10 μg/m3 was significantly correlated with liver cancer, and HR was 1.22 (95% CI 1.14-1.30, P < 0.05), indicating that maternal exposure to PM2.5 was positively correlated with liver cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis showed that the patients with HCC significance related to PM2.5 exposure. However, more studies investigating the combined effects of different air pollutants on HCC incidence are warranted to provide more comprehensive evidence for assessing the different levels impacts of PM2.5 exposure on HCC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Hong Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Hua-Dong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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24
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Yuan CS, Lai CS, Tseng YL, Hsu PC, Lin CM, Cheng FJ. Repeated exposure to fine particulate matter constituents lead to liver inflammation and proliferative response in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112636. [PMID: 34392150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of ≦2.5 µm, PM2.5) exposure cause adverse health effects, including lung inflammation. Through intra-tracheal instillation of PM2.5 components, the study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory and proliferative effects on mice liver. PM2.5 samples were collected near an industrial complex at southern Taiwan. Mice were exposed to water extracts or insoluble particles by intra-tracheal instillation. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups: control, low dose insoluble particle exposure (LP), high dose insoluble particle exposure (HP), low dose water extract exposure (LW), and high dose water extract exposure (HW). Biochemical analysis, western blotting, histological examination, and immunohistochemistry were employed to evaluate the results. RESULT Enrichment factor (EF) of metallic elements showed that the EFs of trace elements (Ti, V, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu) in PM2.5 were above 10. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining of the liver tissue showed inflammatory infiltration in particle exposure group; hepatocyte ballooning degeneration and karyomegaly were seen in the water extract exposure group. Upregulation of inflammatory signaling, p65 and p50, and caspase-3 (an important effector involved in apoptosis) positive hepatocytes was significantly increased in the HP group, followed by an elevation in protein levels of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153). Increased protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was noted in the LW and HW groups. An increase in phosphorylation of regulators of cell proliferation, Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, were detected in the LW and HW groups. CONCLUSION The present study shows that the insoluble particle composition of PM2.5 induced inflammatory signaling and cytokines upregulation in the liver, accompanied with inflammatory cell and macrophage infiltration and an abnormal liver function. Exposure of water extract to PM2.5 induced signals of upregulated cellular proliferation, elevated markers of cell proliferation in liver, hepatocyte ballooning degeneration and karyomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Shin Yuan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC; Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Shu Lai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Lun Tseng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Chi Hsu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81164, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chieh-Mo Lin
- Departme nt of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Puzi, Chiayi County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Jen Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, ROC; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wang R, Han X, Pang H, Hu Z, Shi C. Illuminating a time-response mechanism in mice liver after PM 2.5 exposure using metabolomics analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144485. [PMID: 33429275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 is recognized as an atmospheric pollutant that seriously jeopardizes human health. Emerging evidence indicates that PM2.5 exposure is associated with metabolic disorders. Existing epidemiology and toxicology studies on the health effects of PM2.5 usually focused on its different components and doses, the effects on susceptible populations, or the effects of indoor and outdoor pollution. The underlying mechanisms of exposure time are poorly understood. Liver, as the central organ involved in various metabolisms, has special signaling pathways non-existed in lung and cardiovascular systems. Exacerbation in liver by the prolonged exposure of PM2.5 leads to hepatic function disorder. It is therefore essential to elucidate the mechanism underlying hepatotoxicity after PM2.5 exposure from the perspective of time-response relationship. In this study, targeted metabolomics was utilized to explore the hepatic injury in mice after PM2.5 exposure. Our results showed that prolonged exposure of PM2.5 would aggravate liver metabolic disorders. The metabolic process was divided into three phases. In phase I, it was found that PM2.5 exposure disturbed the hepatic urea synthesis. In phase II, oxidative damages and inflammations obviously occurred in liver, which would further cause neurobehavioral disorders and fat deposits. In phase III, the changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways indicated that the liver has been severely damaged, with the accelerated biosynthesis and fat metabolism. Finally, using ROC analysis coupled with their biological functions, 4 potential biomarkers were screened out, with which we established a method to classify and diagnose the progress of liver damage in mice after PM2.5 exposure. In this paper, we not only established the time-response relationship of PM2.5, but also provided new insights for the classification and prediction of the toxic injury stages in mice liver, which provides a ground work for the future drug intervention to prevent oxidative damage of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing 100048, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xi Han
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing 100048, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Huanhuan Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunzhen Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing 100048, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Kobos L, Shannahan J. Particulate matter inhalation and the exacerbation of cardiopulmonary toxicity due to metabolic disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:822-834. [PMID: 33467887 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220983275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter is a significant public health issue in the United States and globally. Inhalation of particulate matter is associated with a number of systemic and organ-specific adverse health outcomes, with the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems being particularly vulnerable. Certain subpopulations are well-recognized as being more susceptible to inhalation exposures, such as the elderly and those with pre-existing respiratory disease. Metabolic syndrome is becoming increasingly prevalent in our society and has known adverse effects on the heart, lungs, and vascular systems. The limited evaluations of individuals with metabolic syndromehave demonstrated that theymay compose a sensitive subpopulation to particulate exposures. However, the toxicological mechanisms responsible for this increased vulnerability are not fully understood. This review evaluates the currently available literature regarding how the response of an individual's pulmonary and cardiovascular systems is influenced by metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-associated conditions such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Further, we will discuss potential therapeutic agents and targets for the alleviation and treatment of particulate-matter induced metabolic illness. The information reviewed here may contribute to the understanding of metabolic illness as a risk factor for particulate matter exposure and further the development of therapeutic approaches to treat vulnerable subpopulations, such as those with metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kobos
- School of Health Sciences, College of Human and Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jonathan Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Human and Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Duan X, Zheng L, Zhang X, Wang B, Xiao M, Zhao W, Liu S, Sui G. A Membrane-free Liver-Gut-on-Chip Platform for the Assessment on Dysregulated Mechanisms of Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism Induced by PM 2.5. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3483-3492. [PMID: 33135418 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced metabolic diseases have attracted a great deal of attention recently. However, the relevant metabolic mechanisms of PM2.5 in vivo have not yet been fully described due to the lack of reliable platforms. Herein, a membrane-free liver-gut-on-chip (L-GOC) platform was developed to investigate metabolism dysregulation induced by PM2.5. A multiple organ system with a liver-gut structure and two circulation paths (L-G and G-L circulation paths) was created, and then cells were exposed to PM2.5 on this platform. Secreted high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were detected, which demonstrates that this multiple organ system functioned with normal physiological metabolism at the organ level. Untargeted metabolomic analysis showed that there were 364 metabolites of LO2 cells dysregulated after exposure to PM2.5 at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. Moreover, cholesterol and bile acid metabolism were significantly dysregulated. Further immunofluorescence and ELISA assays confirmed that signal transduction pathways related to cholesterol metabolism (LCAT-CE, PON1-HDL, and SRB1-HDL metabolic pathways) and bile acid metabolism (CYP7A1-CA/CDCA/DCA metabolic pathways) were disturbed. These results indicate that PM2.5 primarily disturbed cholesterol metabolism of the liver and then disrupted bile acid metabolism of the liver (primary bile acid biosynthesis) and gut (secondary bile acid biosynthesis) via related metabolic pathways. These findings may partially explain the metabolic mechanisms of cells triggered by PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Duan
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xinlian Zhang
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Mingming Xiao
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wang Zhao
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Sixiu Liu
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Sui
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Snow SJ, Henriquez AR, Fenton JI, Goeden T, Fisher A, Vallanat B, Angrish M, Richards JE, Schladweiler MC, Cheng WY, Wood CE, Tong H, Kodavanti UP. Diets enriched with coconut, fish, or olive oil modify peripheral metabolic effects of ozone in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 410:115337. [PMID: 33217375 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary factors may modulate metabolic effects of air pollutant exposures. We hypothesized that diets enriched with coconut oil (CO), fish oil (FO), or olive oil (OO) would alter ozone-induced metabolic responses. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats (1-month-old) were fed normal diet (ND), or CO-, FO-, or OO-enriched diets. After eight weeks, animals were exposed to air or 0.8 ppm ozone, 4 h/day for 2 days. Relative to ND, CO- and OO-enriched diet increased body fat, serum triglycerides, cholesterols, and leptin, while all supplements increased liver lipid staining (OO > FO > CO). FO increased n-3, OO increased n-6/n-9, and all supplements increased saturated fatty-acids. Ozone increased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), induced hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and changed gene expression involved in energy metabolism in adipose and muscle tissue in rats fed ND. Ozone-induced glucose intolerance was exacerbated by OO-enriched diet. Ozone increased leptin in CO- and FO-enriched groups; however, BCAA increases were blunted by FO and OO. Ozone-induced inhibition of liver cholesterol biosynthesis genes in ND-fed rats was not evident in enriched dietary groups; however, genes involved in energy metabolism and glucose transport were increased in rats fed FO and OO-enriched diet. FO- and OO-enriched diets blunted ozone-induced inhibition of genes involved in adipose tissue glucose uptake and cholesterol synthesis, but exacerbated genes involved in adipose lipolysis. Ozone-induced decreases in muscle energy metabolism genes were similar in all dietary groups. In conclusion, CO-, FO-, and OO-enriched diets modified ozone-induced metabolic changes in a diet-specific manner, which could contribute to altered peripheral energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Snow
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Andres R Henriquez
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Jenifer I Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Travis Goeden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Anna Fisher
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Beena Vallanat
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Michelle Angrish
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Judy E Richards
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Mette C Schladweiler
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Wan-Yun Cheng
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Charles E Wood
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Haiyan Tong
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Urmila P Kodavanti
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
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Guo J, Zhang S, Fang L, Huang J, Wang Q, Wang C, Chen M. In utero exposure to phenanthrene induces hepatic steatosis in F1 adult female mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127360. [PMID: 32554016 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants are thought to be a risk factor for the prevalence of hepatic steatosis. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous, and human exposure is inevitable. In the present study, phenanthrene (Phe) was used as a representative PAH to investigate the effects of in utero exposure to PAH on hepatic lipid metabolism and the toxicological mechanism involved. Pregnant mice (C57BL/6J) were orally administered Phe (0, 60, 600 and 6000 μg kg-1 body weight) once every 3 days with 6 doses in total. F1 female mice aged 125 days showed significantly elevated hepatic lipid levels in the liver. The protein expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARβ and PPARγ) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) was upregulated; the transcription of genes related to lipogenesis, such as srebp1 (encoding sterol regulatory element binding proteins), acca (acetyl-CoA carboxylase), fasn (fatty acid synthase) and pcsk9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), showed an upregulation, while the mRNA levels of the lipolysis gene lcat (encoding lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase) were downregulated. These results could be responsible for lipid accumulation. The promoter methylation levels of pparγ were reduced and were the lowest in the 600 μg kg-1 group, and the promoter methylation levels of lcat were significantly increased in all the Phe treatments. These changes were matched with the alterations in their mRNA levels, suggesting that prenatal Phe exposure could induce abnormal lipid metabolism in later life via epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Shenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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A cohort study on long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of liver cirrhosis. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e109. [PMID: 33778350 PMCID: PMC7941789 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cirrhosis is an advanced liver disease affecting millions of people worldwide, involving high healthcare costs. Despite experimental evidence suggesting a possible role of airborne pollutants in liver diseases, epidemiological studies are lacking. We aimed at investigating the association between exposure to air pollutants and incidence of cirrhosis in a large population-based cohort in Rome. Methods We used an administrative cohort established from the 2001 census. We included all adults of 30 years of age or older who were free of cirrhosis, resulting in a study population of over 1.2 million subjects. Follow-up of the subjects ended on 31 December 2015. We ascertained incident cases of cirrhosis from regional mortality and hospital discharge registries using a validated algorithm. We assessed exposure of the subjects to PM10, PM coarse, PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, NO2, NOx, and PM metal components at their residential address using Land Use Regression models. We used Cox regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates, to estimate the association between air pollution exposure and cirrhosis incidence. Results We observed 10,111 incident cases of cirrhosis, with a crude incidence rate of 67 × 100,000 person-years. Long-term exposure to all pollutants tested was significantly associated with cirrhosis, e.g., PM10 (hazard ratios [HR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.09, per 10 µg/m3 increments), PM coarse (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.17, per 10 µg/m3 increments), PM2.5 (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.13, per 5 µg/m3 increments), and NO2 (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05, per 10 µg/m3 increments). The associations were robust in secondary analyses. Conclusions Our findings suggest a possible contribution of air pollution to the development of cirrhosis.
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31
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Wang X, Yang Y, Zhu P, Wu Y, Jin Y, Yu S, Wei H, Qian M, Cao W, Xu S, Liu Y, Chen G, Zhao X. Prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust PM 2.5 programmed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease differently in adult male offspring of mice fed normal chow and a high-fat diet. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113366. [PMID: 31668954 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the leading preventable threats to public health. Emerging evidence indicates that exposure to environmental stressors is associated with abnormal foetal development. However, how prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust PM2.5 (DEP) predisposes adult offspring to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. To examine this, C57BL/6J mice were exposed to DEP or a vehicle before conception and during pregnancy and fed normal chow or a high-fat diet. Then, the hepatic fatty accumulation in the adult male offspring and possible molecular mechanisms were assessed. Our data showed that prenatal exposure to DEP on normal chow led to hepatic steatosis in adult male offspring with normal liver function. However, prenatal DEP exposure relieved the hepatic steatosis and liver function in offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, prenatal exposure to DEP on normal chow increased lipogenesis and worsened fatty acid oxidation. The counteractive effect of prenatal DEP exposure on high-fat-diet-induced hepatic steatosis was produced through upregulated adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and this improved lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. Collectively, prenatal exposure to DEP programmed the development of NAFLD differently in the adult male offspring of mice fed normal chow and a high-fat diet, showing the pleotrophic effects of exposure to adverse environmental factors in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yuxue Yang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Piaoyu Zhu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Shali Yu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Muzhou Qian
- Department of Hemodialysis, Fourth People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Weiming Cao
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shenya Xu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yingqi Liu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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Bassolas A, Barbosa-Filho H, Dickinson B, Dotiwalla X, Eastham P, Gallotti R, Ghoshal G, Gipson B, Hazarie SA, Kautz H, Kucuktunc O, Lieber A, Sadilek A, Ramasco JJ. Hierarchical organization of urban mobility and its connection with city livability. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4817. [PMID: 31645563 PMCID: PMC6811587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent trend of rapid urbanization makes it imperative to understand urban characteristics such as infrastructure, population distribution, jobs, and services that play a key role in urban livability and sustainability. A healthy debate exists on what constitutes optimal structure regarding livability in cities, interpolating, for instance, between mono- and poly-centric organization. Here anonymous and aggregated flows generated from three hundred million users, opted-in to Location History, are used to extract global Intra-urban trips. We develop a metric that allows us to classify cities and to establish a connection between mobility organization and key urban indicators. We demonstrate that cities with strong hierarchical mobility structure display an extensive use of public transport, higher levels of walkability, lower pollutant emissions per capita and better health indicators. Our framework outperforms previous metrics, is highly scalable and can be deployed with little cost, even in areas without resources for traditional data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Bassolas
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus UIB, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Hugo Barbosa-Filho
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Brian Dickinson
- Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Xerxes Dotiwalla
- Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Paul Eastham
- Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | | | - Gourab Ghoshal
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
- Goergen Institute for Data Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
| | - Bryant Gipson
- Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Surendra A Hazarie
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Henry Kautz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Goergen Institute for Data Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Onur Kucuktunc
- Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Allison Lieber
- Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Adam Sadilek
- Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - José J Ramasco
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus UIB, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Zhang Z, Guo C, Chang LY, Bo Y, Lin C, Tam T, Hoek G, Wong MCS, Chan TC, Lau AKH, Lao XQ. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and liver enzymes in adults: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:488-494. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesAnimal experiments indicate that exposure to particulate matter (PM) can induce hepatotoxic effects but epidemiological evidence is scarce. We aimed to investigate the associations between long-term exposure to PM air pollution and liver enzymes, which are biomarkers widely used for liver function assessment.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was performed among 351 852 adult participants (mean age: 40.1 years) who participated in a standard medical screening programme in Taiwan. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were measured. A satellite-based spatio-temporal model was used to estimate the concentrations of ambient fine particles (PM with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm, PM2.5) at each participant’s address. Linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between PM2.5 and the liver enzymes with adjustment for a wide range of potential confounders.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, every 10 µg/m3 increment in 2-year average PM2.5 concentration was associated with 0.02%(95% CI: −0.04% to 0.08%), 0.61% (95% CI: 0.51% to 0.70%) and 1.60% (95% CI: 1.50% to 1.70%) increases in AST, ALT and GGT levels, respectively. Consistently, the odds ratios of having elevated liver enzymes (>40 IU/L) per 10 µg/m3 PM2.5 increment were 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04 to 1.09), 1.09 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.10) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.11) for AST, ALT and GGT, respectively.ConclusionsLong-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with increased levels of liver enzymes, especially ALT and GGT. More studies are needed to confirm our findings and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Schraufnagel DE, Balmes JR, Cowl CT, De Matteis S, Jung SH, Mortimer K, Perez-Padilla R, Rice MB, Riojas-Rodriguez H, Sood A, Thurston GD, To T, Vanker A, Wuebbles DJ. Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases: A Review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies' Environmental Committee, Part 2: Air Pollution and Organ Systems. Chest 2019; 155:417-426. [PMID: 30419237 PMCID: PMC6904854 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although air pollution is well known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also damage most other organ systems of the body. It is estimated that about 500,000 lung cancer deaths and 1.6 million COPD deaths can be attributed to air pollution, but air pollution may also account for 19% of all cardiovascular deaths and 21% of all stroke deaths. Air pollution has been linked to other malignancies, such as bladder cancer and childhood leukemia. Lung development in childhood is stymied with exposure to air pollutants, and poor lung development in children predicts lung impairment in adults. Air pollution is associated with reduced cognitive function and increased risk of dementia. Particulate matter in the air (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) is associated with delayed psychomotor development and lower child intelligence. Studies link air pollution with diabetes mellitus prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Pollution affects the immune system and is associated with allergic rhinitis, allergic sensitization, and autoimmunity. It is also associated with osteoporosis and bone fractures, conjunctivitis, dry eye disease, blepharitis, inflammatory bowel disease, increased intravascular coagulation, and decreased glomerular filtration rate. Atopic and urticarial skin disease, acne, and skin aging are linked to air pollution. Air pollution is controllable and, therefore, many of these adverse health effects can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean E Schraufnagel
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - John R Balmes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA
| | - Clayton T Cowl
- Divisions of Preventive, Occupational, and Aerospace Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sara De Matteis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Soon-Hee Jung
- Department of Pathology, Wonju Colleage of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mary B Rice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Akshay Sood
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
| | - George D Thurston
- Departments of Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Teresa To
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anessa Vanker
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health & MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Donald J Wuebbles
- School of Earth, Society, and Environment, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
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VoPham T, Bertrand KA, Tamimi RM, Laden F, Hart JE. Ambient PM 2.5 air pollution exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the United States. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:563-572. [PMID: 29696510 PMCID: PMC5940508 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To conduct the first epidemiologic study prospectively examining the association between particulate matter air pollution < 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in the U.S. METHODS Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) provided information on HCC cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2014 from 16 population-based cancer registries across the U.S. Ambient PM2.5 exposure was estimated by linking the SEER county with a spatial PM2.5 model using a geographic information system. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to calculate incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ambient PM2.5 exposure per 10 µg/m3 increase and HCC risk adjusting for individual-level age at diagnosis, sex, race, year of diagnosis, SEER registry, and county-level information on health conditions, lifestyle, demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. RESULTS Higher levels of ambient PM2.5 exposure were associated with a statistically significant increased risk for HCC (n = 56,245 cases; adjusted IRR per 10 µg/m3 increase = 1.26, 95% CI 1.08, 1.47; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS If confirmed in studies with individual-level PM2.5 exposure and risk factor information, these results suggest that ambient PM2.5 exposure may be a risk factor for HCC in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Kimberly A Bertrand
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Ding S, Yu L, An B, Zhang G, Yu P, Wang Z. Combination effects of airborne particulate matter exposure and high-fat diet on hepatic fibrosis through regulating the ROS-endoplasmic reticulum stress-TGFβ/SMADs axis in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:538-545. [PMID: 29455124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis, characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, is associated with toxic substance exposure, chronic infections, mechanical injury, airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and metabolic disease. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of long-term, real-world airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure on hepatic fibrosis and further explored whether combination treatment of PM exposure and high-fat diet (HFD) aggravate the adverse effects in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice fed with either a standard chow diet (STD) or an HFD were treated with either filtered air (FA) or PM for 18 weeks. Metabolic parameters, histological examination, gene expression analysis, and Western blot analysis were utilized to measure the effect and mechanism of PM exposure on hepatic fibrosis and to further analyze the synergistic effect of HFD. Subchronic airborne PM exposure induces hepatic fibrosis in mice, and combination treatment of PM exposure and HFD accelerate the adverse effect. Meanwhile, subchronic exposure to real-world PM increased the level of hepatic ROS, and the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers (GRP78 and CHOP), p-SMAD2 and p-SMAD3, as well as up-regulated TGFβ and collagen 1 in liver tissues. Furthermore, PM exposure and HFD displayed the synergistic effects on these changes in liver. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that airborne PM exposure aggravates HFD -induced hepatic fibrosis. The ROS-ER stress-TGFβ/SMADs regulatory axis mediates the effects of airborne PM exposure on accelerating hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Ding
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Lanlan Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Baijie An
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Guofu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Pengxin Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
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Li W, Dorans KS, Wilker EH, Rice MB, Kloog I, Schwartz JD, Koutrakis P, Coull BA, Gold DR, Meigs JB, Fox CS, Mittleman MA. Ambient air pollution, adipokines, and glucose homeostasis: The Framingham Heart Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 111:14-22. [PMID: 29161632 PMCID: PMC5800943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations of proximity to major roadways, sustained exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and acute exposure to ambient air pollutants with adipokines and measures of glucose homeostasis among participants living in the northeastern United States. METHODS We included 5958 participants from the Framingham Offspring cohort examination cycle 7 (1998-2001) and 8 (2005-2008) and Third Generation cohort examination cycle 1 (2002-2005) and 2 (2008-2011), who did not have type 2 diabetes at the time of examination visit. We calculated 2003 annual average PM2.5 at participants' home address, residential distance to the nearest major roadway, and daily PM2.5, black carbon (BC), sulfate, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and ozone concentrations. We used linear mixed effects models for fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) which were measured up to twice, and used linear regression models for adiponectin, resistin, leptin, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) which were measured only once, adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic position, lifestyle, time, and seasonality. RESULTS The mean age was 51years and 55% were women. Participants who lived 64m (25th percentile) from a major roadway had 0.28% (95% CI: 0.05%, 0.51%) higher fasting plasma glucose than participants who lived 413m (75th percentile) away, and the association appeared to be driven by participants who lived within 50m from a major roadway. Higher exposures to 3- to 7-day moving averages of BC and NOx were associated with higher glucose whereas the associations for ozone were negative. The associations otherwise were generally null and did not differ by median age, sex, educational attainment, obesity status, or prediabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Living closer to a major roadway or acute exposure to traffic-related air pollutants were associated with dysregulated glucose homeostasis but not with adipokines among participants from the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kirsten S Dorans
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Elissa H Wilker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary B Rice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Diane R Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - James B Meigs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Caroline S Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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