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Song J, Zhou D, Cui L, Wu C, Jia L, Wang M, Li J, Ya J, Ji X, Meng R. Advancing stroke therapy: innovative approaches with stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:369. [PMID: 39039539 PMCID: PMC11265156 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability globally, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) being the most common subtype. Despite significant advances in reperfusion therapies, their limited time window and associated risks underscore the necessity for novel treatment strategies. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to their ability to modulate the post-stroke microenvironment and facilitate neuroprotection and neurorestoration. This review synthesizes current research on the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived EVs in AIS, focusing on their origin, biogenesis, mechanisms of action, and strategies for enhancing their targeting capacity and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, we explore innovative combination therapies and discuss both the challenges and prospects of EV-based treatments. Our findings reveal that stem cell-derived EVs exhibit diverse therapeutic effects in AIS, such as promoting neuronal survival, diminishing neuroinflammation, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and enhancing angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Various strategies, including targeting modifications and cargo modifications, have been developed to improve the efficacy of EVs. Combining EVs with other treatments, such as reperfusion therapy, stem cell transplantation, nanomedicine, and gut microbiome modulation, holds great promise for improving stroke outcomes. However, challenges such as the heterogeneity of EVs and the need for standardized protocols for EV production and quality control remain to be addressed. Stem cell-derived EVs represent a novel therapeutic avenue for AIS, offering the potential to address the limitations of current treatments. Further research is needed to optimize EV-based therapies and translate their benefits to clinical practice, with an emphasis on ensuring safety, overcoming regulatory hurdles, and enhancing the specificity and efficacy of EV delivery to target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingrun Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingyuan Ya
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Shan C, Zhang C, Zhang C. The Role of IL-6 in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:834-846. [PMID: 38227113 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
"Neurodegenerative disorder" is an umbrella term for a group of fatal progressive neurological illnesses characterized by neuronal loss and inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, significantly affects the activities of nerve cells and plays a pivotal role in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, as high levels of IL-6 have been frequently observed in association with several neurodegenerative disorders, it may potentially be used as a biomarker for the progression and prognosis of these diseases. This review summarizes the production and function of IL-6 as well as its downstream signaling pathways. Moreover, we make a comprehensive review on the roles of IL-6 in neurodegenerative disorders and its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shan
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Li R, Duan W, Feng T, Gu C, Zhang Q, Long J, Huang S, Chen L. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide inhibits ischemia-induced autophagy by promoting the biogenesis of neural stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles to enhance the delivery of miR-133a-3p. Chin Med 2023; 18:117. [PMID: 37691119 PMCID: PMC10494430 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) mediated endogenous neurogenesis determines a crucial impact on spontaneous recovery after stroke. Here, we checked the influence of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on the biogenesis of NSC-EVs and then focused on studying mechanisms of LBP in ameliorating ischemic stroke outcome. METHODS LBP was prepared to precondition NSCs and isolate EVs. MCAO models and primary NSCs were administrated to evaluate the therapeutic effect. RT-PCR, western blot, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence techniques were performed to explore the mechanism. RESULTS LBP pretreatment increased the production of NSC-EVs and improved the neuroprotective and recovery effects of NSC-EV in ischemic stroke mice. LBP-pretreated NSC-EV in a dose-dependent manner substantially reduced neuronal death compared with NSC-EV. Screening of the signaling cascade involved in the interaction between NSC-EV and neurons revealed that AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway inhibited autophagic activity in neurons receiving either treatment paradigm. NSC-EVs but not EVs collected from NSCs pretreated with the anti-miR-133a-3p oligonucleotide reduced cell death, whereas the anti-oligonucleotide promoted autophagy activity and cell death by modulating AMPK/mTOR signaling in OGD-induced primary neurons. CONCLUSION LBP activated AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway by increasing the enrichment and transfer of miR-133a-3p in NSC-EVs to inhibit stroke-induced autophagy activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Wenjie Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Tingle Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Chenyang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Qiankun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, 510310, China.
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Li Y, Fang B. Neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: The light of central nervous system diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115092. [PMID: 37406512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. By performing compensatory functions and improving the inflammatory microenvironment, the transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) can promote functional recovery from brain injury, aging, brain tumours, and other diseases. However, the ability of NSCs to differentiate into neurons is limited, and they are associated with a risk of tumourigenicity. NSC-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) can modulate the local microenvironment of the nervous system as well as distant neuronal functions. Thus, cell-free therapy may be a novel remedy for CNS disorders. This article reviews the characteristics, contents, and mechanisms of action of NSC-EVs as well as their roles and application prospects in various CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Bo Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Li C, Wang Y, Mei P, Tung TH, Wu G, Wang F, Wang E, Ni H, Zhu X, He Z, Ke S. High Interleukin-6 Levels Are Associated With Large-Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke. Neurologist 2023; 28:277-280. [PMID: 36715665 DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interleukins (ILs) play several critical roles in modulating the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis-related diseases. We aimed to investigate the associations between ILs and the diagnosis, progress, and functional outcome in patients with large-artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. METHODS Plasma levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured within 24 hours after stroke in 181 patients with first-time LAA stroke and on admission in 181 age-matched and sex-matched controls. NIHSS scores were recorded at admission and on Day 1, Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5 after the stroke. Functional outcome was measured by the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months after stroke. Subgroup analyses were compared based on short-term progress within 5 days (ΔNIHSS ≥3) and 3-month unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale >2). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for relevant confounders was performed. RESULTS IL-6 levels were higher in patients with LAA stroke than in controls [AOR (95% CI), 0.701 (95% CI 0.651-0.748, P <0.001], with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.701. Higher IL-6 levels were associated with short-term progression [AOR (95% CI), 1.070 (1.009, 1.135), P =0.025], with an AUC value of 0.720. Higher IL-6 levels were associated with unfavorable outcomes [AOR (95% CI), 1.075 (1.002, 1.153), P =0.040], with an AUC value of 0.658. No difference in IL-2, IL-4, or IL-10 was found between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Plasma levels of IL-6 are higher in patients with LAA stroke and are independently associated with short-term progression and 3-month functional outcomes after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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Tang X, Wu L, Zhu J, Xu M, Li S, Zeng G, Zhu S, Jiang Y. GABAergic neurons differentiated from BDNF- and Dlx2-modified neural stem cells restore disrupted neural circuits in brainstem stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:170. [PMID: 37365654 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brainstem stroke causes severe and persistent neurological impairment. Due to the limited spontaneous recovery and regeneration of the disrupted neural circuits, transplantation of exogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) was an alternative, while there were limitations for primitive NSCs. METHODS We established a mouse model of brainstem stroke by injecting endothelin in the right pons. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)- and distal-less homeobox 2 (Dlx2)-modified NSCs were transplanted to treat brainstem stroke. Transsynaptic viral tracking, immunostaining, magnetic resonance imaging, behavioral testing, and whole-cell patch clamp recordings were applied to probe the pathophysiology and therapeutic prospects of BDNF- and Dlx2-modified NSCs. RESULTS GABAergic neurons were predominantly lost after the brainstem stroke. No endogenous NSCs were generated in situ or migrated from the neurogenesis niches within the brainstem infarct region. Co-overexpressions of BDNF and Dlx2 not only promoted the survival of NSCs, but also boosted the differentiation of NSCs into GABAergic neurons. Results from transsynaptic virus tracking, immunostaining, and evidence from whole-cell patch clamping revealed the morphological and functional integration of the grafted BDNF- and Dlx2-modified NSCs-derived neurons with the host neural circuits. Neurological function was improved by transplantation of BDNF- and Dlx2-modified NSCs in brainstem stroke. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that BDNF- and Dlx2-modified NSCs differentiated into GABAergic neurons, integrated into and reconstituted the host neural networks, and alleviated the ischemic injury. It thus provided a potential therapeutic strategy for brainstem stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyue Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Juehua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mindong Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Guanfeng Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Shuanggen Zhu
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 187 Guanlan West Road, Shenzhen, 518110, China.
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, China.
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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Wang J, Wang Y, Xiaohalati X, Su Q, Liu J, Cai B, Yang W, Wang Z, Wang L. A Bioinspired Manganese-Organic Framework Ameliorates Ischemic Stroke through its Intrinsic Nanozyme Activity and Upregulating Endogenous Antioxidant Enzymes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2206854. [PMID: 37129343 PMCID: PMC10369237 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Following stroke, oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) aggravates neuronal damage and enlarges ischemic penumbra, which is devastating to stroke patients. Nanozyme-based antioxidants are emerging to treat stroke through scavenging excessive ROS. However, most of nanozymes cannot efficiently scavenge ROS in neuronal cytosol and mitochondria, due to low-uptake abilities of neurons and barriers of organelle membranes, significantly limiting nanozymes' neuroprotective effects. To overcome this limitation, a manganese-organic framework modified with polydopamine (pDA-MNOF), capable of not only mimicking catalytic activities of natural SOD2's catalytic domain but also upregulating two endogenous antioxidant enzymes in neurons is fabricated. With such a dual anti-ROS effect, this nanozyme robustly decreases cellular ROS and effectively protects them from ROS-induced injury. STAT-3 signaling is found to play a vital role in pDA-MNOF activating the two antioxidant enzymes, HO1 and SOD2. In vivo pDA-MNOF treatment significantly improves the survival of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) mice by reducing infarct volume and more importantly, promotes animal behavioral recovery. Further, pDA-MNOF activates vascular endothelial growth factor expression, a downstream target of STAT3 signaling, thus enhancing angiogenesis. Taken together, the biochemical, cell-biological, and animal-level behavioral data demonstrate the potentiality of pDA-MNOF as a dual ROS-scavenging agent for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Xiakeerzhati Xiaohalati
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Qiangfei Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Bo Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
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Gharbi T, Liu C, Khan H, Zhang Z, Yang GY, Tang Y. Hypoxic Preconditioned Neural Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Contain Distinct Protein Cargo from Their Normal Counterparts. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1982-1997. [PMID: 36975497 PMCID: PMC10047917 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic preconditioning has been demonstrated to increase the resistance of neural stem cells (NSCs) to hypoxic conditions, as well as to improve their capacity for differentiation and neurogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently emerged as critical mediators of cell–cell communication, but their role in this hypoxic conditioning is presently unknown. Here, we demonstrated that three hours of hypoxic preconditioning triggers significant neural stem cell EV release. Proteomic profiling of EVs from normal and hypoxic preconditioned neural stem cells identified 20 proteins that were upregulated and 22 proteins that were downregulated after hypoxic preconditioning. We also found an upregulation of some of these proteins by qPCR, thus indicating differences also at the transcript level within the EVs. Among the upregulated proteins are CNP, Cyfip1, CASK, and TUBB5, which are well known to exhibit significant beneficial effects on neural stem cells. Thus, our results not only show a significant difference of protein cargo in EVs consequent to hypoxic exposure, but identify several candidate proteins that might play a pivotal role in the cell-to-cell mediated communication underlying neuronal differentiation, protection, maturation, and survival following exposure to hypoxic conditions.
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Plakkot B, Di Agostino A, Subramanian M. Implications of Hypothalamic Neural Stem Cells on Aging and Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050769. [PMID: 36899905 PMCID: PMC10000584 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus, one of the major regulatory centers in the brain, controls various homeostatic processes, and hypothalamic neural stem cells (htNSCs) have been observed to interfere with hypothalamic mechanisms regulating aging. NSCs play a pivotal role in the repair and regeneration of brain cells during neurodegenerative diseases and rejuvenate the brain tissue microenvironment. The hypothalamus was recently observed to be involved in neuroinflammation mediated by cellular senescence. Cellular senescence, or systemic aging, is characterized by a progressive irreversible state of cell cycle arrest that causes physiological dysregulation in the body and it is evident in many neuroinflammatory conditions, including obesity. Upregulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress due to senescence has the potential to alter the functioning of NSCs. Various studies have substantiated the chances of obesity inducing accelerated aging. Therefore, it is essential to explore the potential effects of htNSC dysregulation in obesity and underlying pathways to develop strategies to address obesity-induced comorbidities associated with brain aging. This review will summarize hypothalamic neurogenesis associated with obesity and prospective NSC-based regenerative therapy for the treatment of obesity-induced cardiovascular conditions.
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Probing Interleukin-6 in Stroke Pathology and Neural Stem Cell Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415453. [PMID: 36555094 PMCID: PMC9779061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is historically understood as a powerful preclinical therapeutic following stroke models. Current clinical strategies including clot busting/retrieval are limited by their time windows (tissue plasminogen activator: 3-4 h) and inevitable reperfusion injuries. However, 24+ h post-stroke, stem cells reduce infarction size, improve neurobehavioral performance, and reduce inflammatory agents including interleukins. Typically, interleukin-6 (IL-6) is regarded as proinflammatory, and thus, preclinical studies often discuss it as beneficial for neurological recuperation when stem cells reduce IL-6's expression. However, some studies have also demonstrated neurological benefit with upregulation of IL-6 or preconditioning of stem cells with IL-6. This review specifically focuses on stem cells and IL-6, and their occasionally disparate, occasionally synergistic roles in the setting of ischemic cerebrovascular insults.
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Sakowski SA, Chen KS. Stem cell therapy for central nervous system disorders: Metabolic interactions between transplanted cells and local microenvironments. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105842. [PMID: 35988874 PMCID: PMC10117179 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising and rapidly advancing treatment strategy for a multitude of neurologic disorders. Yet, while early phase clinical trials are being pursued in many disorders, the mechanism of action often remains unclear. One important potential mechanism by which stem cells provide neuroprotection is through metabolic signaling with diseased neurons, glia, and other cell types in the nervous system microenvironment. Early studies exploring such interactions report normalization of glucose metabolism, induction of protective mitochondrial genes, and even interactions with supportive neurovasculature. Local metabolic conditions also impact stem cell biology, which can have a large impact on transplant viability and efficacy. Epigenetic changes that occur in the donor prior to collection of stem cells, and even during in vitro culture conditions, may have effects on stem cell biology that are carried into the host upon stem cell transplantation. Transplanted stem cells also face potentially toxic metabolic microenvironments at the targeted transplant site. Novel approaches for metabolically "preconditioning" stem cells prior to transplant harness metabolic machinery to optimize stem cell survival upon transplant. Ultimately, an improved understanding of the metabolic cross-talk between implanted stem cells and the local nervous system environment, in both disease and injury states, will increase the likelihood of success in translating stem cell therapy to early trials in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Sakowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Zhang K, Yang Y, Ge H, Wang J, Lei X, Chen X, Wan F, Feng H, Tan L. Neurogenesis and Proliferation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Conferred by Artesunate via FOXO3a/p27Kip1 Axis in Mouse Stroke Model. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4718-4729. [PMID: 35596896 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Promoting neurogenesis and proliferation of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) is considered a promising strategy for neurorehabilitation after stroke. Our previous study revealed that a moderate dose of artesunate (ART, 150 mg/kg) could enhance functional recovery in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ART treatment on neurogenesis and proliferation of NSPCs using a rodent MCAO model. MRI results indicated that the ischemic brain volume of MCAO mice was reduced by ART treatment. The results of diffusion tensor imaging, electron microscopic, and immunofluorescence of Tuj-1 also revealed that ischemia-induced white matter lesion was alleviated by ART treatment. After ischemia/reperfusion, the proportion of Brdu + endogenous NSPCs in the ipsilateral subventricular zone and peri-infarct cortex was increased by ART treatment. Furthermore, the neuro-restorative effects of ART were abolished by the overexpression of FOXO3a. These findings suggested that ART could rescue ischemia/reperfusion damage and alleviate white matter injury, subsequently contributing to post-stroke functional recovery by promoting neurogenesis and proliferation of endogenous NSPCs via the FOXO3a/p27Kip1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, 904Th Hospital of the PLA, Medical School of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejiao Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xuezhu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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13
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Ye YC, Chang ZH, Wang P, Wang YW, Liang J, Chen C, Wang JJ, Sun HT, Wang Y, Li XH. Infarct-preconditioning exosomes of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promoted vascular remodeling and neurological recovery after stroke in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:378. [PMID: 35902882 PMCID: PMC9330700 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide, resulting in severe damage to the central nervous system and disrupting neurological functions. There is no effective therapy for promoting neurological recovery. Growing evidence suggests that the composition of exosomes from different microenvironments may benefit stroke. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that exosomes secreted in response to infarction microenvironment could have further therapeutic effects. Methods In our study, cerebral infarct tissue extracts were used to pretreat umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC). Infarct-preconditioned exosomes were injected into rats via tail vein after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The effect of infarct-preconditioned exosomes on the neurological recovery of rats was examined using Tunel assay, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) assay, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), Morris water maze (MWM), and vascular remodeling analysis. Mi-RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analysis were used to validate the signal pathway involved in the effect of infarct-preconditioned exosomes. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured with the isolated exosomes. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, scratch healing, and Western blot analysis were used to detect the biological behavior of HUVECs. Results The results showed that compared with normal exosomes, infarct-preconditioned exosomes further promoted vascular remodeling and recovery of neurological function after stroke. The function of upregulated miRNAs and their target genes which is beneficial to vascular smooth muscle cells verified the importance of vascular remodeling in improving stroke. Better resistance to oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), reduced apoptosis, and enhanced migration were observed in infarct-preconditioned exosomes-treated umbilical vein endothelial cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that infarct-preconditioned exosomes promoted neurological recovery after stroke by enhancing vascular endothelial remodeling, suggested that infarct-preconditioned exosomes could be a novel way to alleviate brain damage following a stroke. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03083-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Ye
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Zhe-Han Chang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Health Management Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300299, China
| | - You-Wei Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Neurology Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300299, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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14
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Hamrangsekachaee M, Baumann HJ, Pukale DD, Shriver LP, Leipzig ND. Investigating Mechanisms of Subcutaneous Preconditioning Incubation for Neural Stem Cell Embedded Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2176-2184. [PMID: 35412793 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are a vital component of regenerative medicine therapies, however, only a fraction of stem cells delivered to the central nervous system following injury survive the inflammatory environment. Previously, we showed that subcutaneous preconditioning of neural stem cell (NSC) embedded hydrogels for 28 days improved spinal cord injury (SCI) functional outcomes over controls. Here, we investigated the mechanism of subcutaneous preconditioning of NSC-embedded hydrogels, with and without the known neurogenic cue, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), for 3, 14, or 28 days to refine and identify subcutaneous preconditioning conditions by measurement of neurogenic markers and cytokines. Studying the preconditioning mechanism, we found that subcutaneous foreign body response (FBR) associated cytokines infiltrated the scaffold in groups with and without NSCs, with time point effects. A pro-inflammatory environment with upregulated interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1, MIP-2, IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-12p70 was observed on day 3. By 14 and 28 days, there was an increase in pro-regenerative cytokines (IL-13, IL-4) along with pro-inflammatory markers IL-1β, IP-10, and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed, and secreted) potentially part of the mechanism that had an increased functional outcome in SCI. Coinciding with changes in cytokines, the macrophage population increased over time from 3 to 28 days, whereas neutrophils peaked at 3 days with a significant decrease at later time points. Expression of the neuronal marker βIII tubulin in differentiating NSCs was supported at 3 days in the presence of soluble and immobilized IFN-γ and at 14 days by immobilized IFN-γ only, but it was greatly attenuated in all conditions at 28 days, partially because of dilution via host cell infiltration. We conclude that subcutaneously incubating NSC seeded scaffolds for 3 or 14 days could act as host specific preconditioning through exposure to FBR while retaining βIII tubulin expression of NSCs to further improve the SCI functional outcome observed with 28 day subcutaneous incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah J Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Dipak D Pukale
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Leah P Shriver
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Nic D Leipzig
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States.,Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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15
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Rahman MM, Islam MR, Islam MT, Harun-Or-Rashid M, Islam M, Abdullah S, Uddin MB, Das S, Rahaman MS, Ahmed M, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Mohamed AAR, Faruque MRI, Khandaker MU, Mostafa-Hedeab G. Stem Cell Transplantation Therapy and Neurological Disorders: Current Status and Future Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:147. [PMID: 35053145 PMCID: PMC8772847 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a global health issue with inadequate therapeutic options and an inability to restore the damaged nervous system. With advances in technology, health scientists continue to identify new approaches to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Lost or injured neurons and glial cells can lead to the development of several neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. In recent years, neurons and glial cells have successfully been generated from stem cells in the laboratory utilizing cell culture technologies, fueling efforts to develop stem cell-based transplantation therapies for human patients. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or differentiate into a germ cell with specialized characteristics, such as muscle cells, red blood cells, or brain cells. Although several obstacles remain before stem cells can be used for clinical applications, including some potential disadvantages that must be overcome, this cellular development represents a potential pathway through which patients may eventually achieve the ability to live more normal lives. In this review, we summarize the stem cell-based therapies that have been explored for various neurological disorders, discuss the potential advantages and drawbacks of these therapies, and examine future directions for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Harun-Or-Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahfuzul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Sabirin Abdullah
- Space Science Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohammad Borhan Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Sumit Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology Department & Health Sciences Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Sakaka 72446, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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16
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Xu P, Tao C, Zhu Y, Wang G, Kong L, Li W, Li R, Li J, Zhang C, Wang L, Liu X, Sun W, Hu W. TAK1 mediates neuronal pyroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:188. [PMID: 34461942 PMCID: PMC8406585 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immunity can facilitate early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Numerous studies suggest that pyroptosis could exacerbate extracellular immune responses by promoting secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a quintessential kinase that positively regulates inflammation through NF-κB and MAPK signaling cascades. However, the effects of TAK1 on neuroinflammation in EBI following SAH are largely unknown. METHODS Two hundred and forty-six male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to the endovascular perforation model of SAH. A selective TAK1 inhibitor, 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (OZ) was administered by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection at 30 min after SAH induction. To genetic knockdown of TAK1, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was i.c.v injected at 48 h before SAH induction. SAH grade, brain water content, BBB permeability, neurological score, western blot, real-time PCR, ELISA, transmission electron microscope, and immunofluorescence staining were performed. Long-term behavioral sequelae were evaluated by the rotarod and Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, OZ was added to the culture medium with oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) to mimic SAH in vitro. The reactive oxygen species level was detected by DCFH-DA staining. Lysosomal integrity was assessed by Lyso-Tracker Red staining and Acridine Orange staining. RESULTS The neuronal phosphorylated TAK1 expression was upregulated following SAH. Pharmacologic inhibition of TAK1 with OZ could alleviate neurological deficits, brain edema, and brain-blood barrier (BBB) disruption at 24 h after SAH. In addition, OZ administration restored long-term neurobehavioral function. Furthermore, blockade of TAK1 dampened neuronal pyroptosis by downregulating the N-terminal fragment of GSDMD (GSDMD-N) expression and IL-1β/IL-18 production. Mechanistically, both in vivo and in vitro, we demonstrated that TAK1 can induce neuronal pyroptosis through promoting nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and activating nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. TAK1 siRNA treatment mitigated SAH-induced neurobehavioral deficits and restrained phosphorylated NF-κB p65 expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. TAK1 blockade also ameliorated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and prevented lysosomal cathepsin B releasing into the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that TAK1 modulates NLRP3-mediated neuronal pyroptosis in EBI following SAH. Inhibition of TAK1 may serve as a potential candidate to relieve neuroinflammatory responses triggered by SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Chunrong Tao
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yuyou Zhu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Lingqi Kong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Li
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Juanji Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Li Wang
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
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17
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Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Babajani A, Yazdanpanah G, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Jamshidi E, Bahrami S, Niknejad H. Translational insights into stem cell preconditioning: From molecular mechanisms to preclinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112026. [PMID: 34411911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy (CBT) is a revolutionary approach for curing a variety of degenerative diseases. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is a novel strategy for treating tissue damages regarding stem cells unique properties such as differentiation potential, paracrine impacts, and self-renewal ability. However, the current cell-based treatments encounter considerable challenges to be translated into clinical practice, including low cell survival, migration, and differentiation rate of transplanted stem cells. The poor stem cell therapy outcomes mainly originate from the unfavorable condition of damaged tissues for transplanted stem cells. The promising method of preconditioning improves cell resistance against the host environment's stress by imposing certain conditions similar to the harsh microenvironment of the damaged tissues on the transplanted stem cells. Various pharmacological, biological, and physical inducers are able to establish preconditioning. In addition to their known pharmacological effects on tissues and cells, these preconditioning agents improve cell biological aspects such as cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, immunomodulation, paracrine impacts, and angiogenesis. This review focuses on different protocols and inducers of preconditioning along with underlying molecular mechanisms of their effects on stem cell behavior. Moreover, preclinical applications of preconditioned stem cells in various damaged organs such as heart, lung, brain, bone, cartilage, liver, and kidney are discussed with prospects of their translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Elham Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheyl Bahrami
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Sheng R, Chen JL, Qin ZH. Cerebral conditioning: Mechanisms and potential clinical implications. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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19
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Woods WA, Chowdhury F, Tzerakis N, Adams CF, Chari DM. Developing a New Strategy for Delivery of Neural Transplant Populations Using Precursor Cell Sprays and Specialized Cell Media. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William A. Woods
- Neural Tissue Engineering Group School of Medicine Keele University ST5 5BG UK
| | - Farhana Chowdhury
- Neural Tissue Engineering Group School of Medicine Keele University ST5 5BG UK
| | - Nikolaos Tzerakis
- Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital of North Midlands ST4 6QG UK
| | | | - Divya M. Chari
- Neural Tissue Engineering Group School of Medicine Keele University ST5 5BG UK
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20
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Kummer KK, Zeidler M, Kalpachidou T, Kress M. Role of IL-6 in the regulation of neuronal development, survival and function. Cytokine 2021; 144:155582. [PMID: 34058569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is emerging as a molecule with both beneficial and destructive potentials. It can exert opposing actions triggering either neuron survival after injury or causing neurodegeneration and cell death in neurodegenerative or neuropathic disorders. Importantly, neurons respond differently to IL-6 and this critically depends on their environment and whether they are located in the peripheral or the central nervous system. In addition to its hub regulator role in inflammation, IL-6 is recently emerging as an important regulator of neuron function in health and disease, offering exciting possibilities for more mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of mental, neurodegenerative and pain disorders and for developing novel therapies for diseases with neuroimmune and neurogenic pathogenic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai K Kummer
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Michaela Kress
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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21
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Yu WD, Kim YJ, Cho MJ, Kim GJ, Kim SH, Kim MJ, Ko JJ, Lee JH. MIT-001 Restores Human Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Enhancing Mitochondrial Quiescence and Cytoskeletal Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105062. [PMID: 34064719 PMCID: PMC8151078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a major cause of several chronic diseases and is reported to be recovered by the immuno-modulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). While most studies have focussed on the anti-inflammatory roles of MSCs in stem cell therapy, the impaired features of MSCs, such as the loss of homeostasis by systemic aging or pathologic conditions, remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated whether the altered phenotypes of human placenta-derived MSCs (hPD-MSCs) exposed to inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IFN-γ, could be protected by MIT-001, a small anti-inflammatory and anti-necrotic molecule. MIT-001 promoted the spindle-like shape and cytoskeletal organization extending across the long cell axis, whereas hPD-MSCs exposed to TNF-α/IFN-γ exhibited increased morphological heterogeneity with an abnormal cell shape and cytoskeletal disorganization. Importantly, MIT-001 improved mitochondrial distribution across the cytoplasm. MIT-001 significantly reduced basal respiration, ATP production, and cellular ROS levels and augmented the spare respiratory capacity compared to TNF-α/IFN-γ-exposed hPD-MSCs, indicating enhanced mitochondrial quiescence and homeostasis. In conclusion, while TNF-α/IFN-γ-exposed MSCs lost homeostasis and mitochondrial quiescence by becoming over-activated in response to inflammatory cytokines, MIT-001 was able to rescue mitochondrial features and cellular phenotypes. Therefore, MIT-001 has therapeutic potential for clinical applications to treat mitochondrion-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Dong Yu
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Korea; (W.D.Y.); (M.J.C.); (G.J.K.)
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- CHA Fertility Center, Seoul Station, Hangang-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul 04637, Korea;
| | - Min Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Korea; (W.D.Y.); (M.J.C.); (G.J.K.)
| | - Gi Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Korea; (W.D.Y.); (M.J.C.); (G.J.K.)
| | - Soon Ha Kim
- Mitoimmune Therapeutics Inc., Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06253, Korea;
| | - Myung Joo Kim
- CHA Fertility Center, Seoul Station, Hangang-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul 04637, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.J.K.); (J.J.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2002-0406 (J.H.L.)
| | - Jung Jae Ko
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Korea; (W.D.Y.); (M.J.C.); (G.J.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.K.); (J.J.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2002-0406 (J.H.L.)
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Korea; (W.D.Y.); (M.J.C.); (G.J.K.)
- CHA Fertility Center, Seoul Station, Hangang-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul 04637, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.J.K.); (J.J.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2002-0406 (J.H.L.)
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22
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Khan H, Pan JJ, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yang GY. Native and Bioengineered Exosomes for Ischemic Stroke Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:619565. [PMID: 33869170 PMCID: PMC8044840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.619565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are natural cells-derived vesicles, which are at the forefront toward clinical success for various diseases, including cerebral ischemia. Exosomes mediate cell-to-cell communication in different brain cells during both physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes are an extensively studied type of extracellular vesicle, which are considered to be the best alternative for stem cell-based therapy. They can be secreted by various cell types and have unique biological properties. Even though native exosomes have potential for ischemic stroke therapy, some undesirable features prevent their success in clinical applications, including a short half-life, poor targeting property, low concentration at the target site, rapid clearance from the lesion region, and inefficient payload. In this review, we highlight exosome trafficking and cellular uptake and survey the latest discoveries in the context of exosome research as the best fit for brain targeting owing to its natural brain-homing abilities. Furthermore, we overview the methods by which researchers have bioengineered exosomes (BioEng-Exo) for stroke therapy. Finally, we summarize studies in which exosomes were bioengineered by a third party for stroke recovery. This review provides up-to-date knowledge about the versatile nature of exosomes with a special focus on BioEng-Exo for ischemic stroke. Standard exosome bioengineering techniques are mandatory for the future and will lead exosomes toward clinical success for stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ji Pan
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Wang J, Li X, Song Y, Su Q, Xiaohalati X, Yang W, Xu L, Cai B, Wang G, Wang Z, Wang L. Injectable silk sericin scaffolds with programmable shape-memory property and neuro-differentiation-promoting activity for individualized brain repair of severe ischemic stroke. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:1988-1999. [PMID: 33474513 PMCID: PMC7786039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe ischemic stroke damages neuronal tissue, forming irregular-shaped stroke cavities devoid of supporting structure. Implanting biomaterials to provide structural and functional support is thought to favor ingrowth of regenerated neuronal networks. Injectable hydrogels capable of in situ gelation are often utilized for stroke repair, but challenged by incomplete gelation and imprecise control over end-macrostructure. Injectable shape-memory scaffolds might overcome these limitations, but are not explored for stroke repair. Here, we report an injectable, photoluminescent, carbon-nanotubes-doped sericin scaffold (CNTs-SS) with programmable shape-memory property. By adjusting CNTs' concentrations, CNTs-SS' recovery dynamics can be mathematically calculated at the scale of seconds, and its shapes can be pre-designed to precisely match any irregular-shaped cavities. Using a preclinical stroke model, we show that CNTs-SS with the customized shape is successfully injected into the cavity and recovers its pre-designed shape to well fit the cavity. Notably, CNTs-SS' near-infrared photoluminescence enables non-invasive, real-time tracking after in vivo implantation. Moreover, as a cell carrier, CNTs-SS not only deliver bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into brain tissues, but also functionally promote their neuronal differentiation. Together, we for the first time demonstrate the feasibility of applying injectable shape-memory scaffolds for stroke repair, paving the way for personalized stroke repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China,Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Song
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qiangfei Su
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiakeerzhati Xiaohalati
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Luming Xu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo Cai
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China,Corresponding author. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China,Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China,Corresponding author. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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24
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Szabó MR, Pipicz M, Csont T, Csonka C. Modulatory Effect of Myokines on Reactive Oxygen Species in Ischemia/Reperfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249382. [PMID: 33317180 PMCID: PMC7763329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence showing the importance of physical activity against acute ischemic events in various organs. Ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is characterized by tissue damage as a result of restriction and subsequent restoration of blood supply to an organ. Oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species formation and/or insufficient antioxidant defense is considered to play an important role in I/R. Physical activity not only decreases the general risk factors for ischemia but also confers direct anti-ischemic protection via myokine production. Myokines are skeletal muscle-derived cytokines, representing multifunctional communication channels between the contracting skeletal muscle and other organs through an endocrine manner. In this review, we discuss the most prominent members of the myokines (i.e., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cathepsin B, decorin, fibroblast growth factors-2 and -21, follistatin, follistatin-like, insulin-like growth factor-1; interleukin-6, interleukin-7, interleukin-15, irisin, leukemia inhibitory factor, meteorin-like, myonectin, musclin, myostatin, and osteoglycin) with a particular interest in their potential influence on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formation or antioxidant capacity. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of myokines and particularly their participation in the regulation of oxidative stress may widen their possible therapeutic use and, thereby, may support the fight against I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Richárd Szabó
- Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling (MEDICS) Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.R.S.); (M.P.); (T.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márton Pipicz
- Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling (MEDICS) Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.R.S.); (M.P.); (T.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csont
- Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling (MEDICS) Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.R.S.); (M.P.); (T.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Csonka
- Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling (MEDICS) Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.R.S.); (M.P.); (T.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt 107, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-30-5432-693
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25
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Othman FA, Tan SC. Preconditioning Strategies to Enhance Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E893. [PMID: 33238363 PMCID: PMC7700351 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has been proposed as an alternative novel therapy to replace damaged neural circuitry after ischemic stroke onset. Nonetheless, albeit the potential of these cells for stroke therapy, many critical challenges are yet to be overcome to reach clinical applications. The major limitation of the NSC-based therapy is its inability to retain most of the donor stem cells after grafting into an ischemic brain area which is lacking of essential oxygen and nutrients for the survival of transplanted cells. Low cell survival rate limits the capacity of NSCs to repair the injured area and this poses a much more difficult challenge to the NSC-based therapy for ischemic stroke. In order to enhance the survival of transplanted cells, several stem cell culture preconditioning strategies have been employed. For ischemic diseases, hypoxic preconditioning is the most commonly applied strategy since the last few decades. Now, the preconditioning strategies have been developed and expanded enormously throughout years of efforts. This review systematically presented studies searched from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus and the Google Scholar database up to 31 March 2020 based on search words containing the following terms: "precondition" or "pretreatment" and "neural stem cell" and "ischemic stroke". The searched data comprehensively reported seven major NSC preconditioning strategies including hypoxic condition, small drug molecules such as minocycline, doxycycline, interleukin-6, adjudin, sodium butyrate and nicorandil, as well as electrical stimulation using conductive polymer for ischemic stroke treatment. We discussed therapeutic benefits gained from these preconditioned NSC for in vitro and in vivo stroke studies and the detailed insights of the mechanisms underlying these preconditioning approaches. Nonetheless, we noticed that there was a scarcity of evidence on the efficacy of these preconditioned NSCs in human clinical studies, therefore, it is still too early to draw a definitive conclusion on the efficacy and safety of this active compound for patient usage. Thus, we suggest for more in-depth clinical investigations of this cell-based therapy to develop into more conscientious and judicious evidence-based therapy for clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suat Cheng Tan
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
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26
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Hao Y, Xin M, Feng L, Wang X, Wang X, Ma D, Feng J. Review Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance and Preconditioning: Methods, Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Challenges. Front Neurol 2020; 11:812. [PMID: 33071923 PMCID: PMC7530891 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it is increasing in prevalence. The limited therapeutic window and potential severe side effects prevent the widespread clinical application of the venous injection of thrombolytic tissue plasminogen activator and thrombectomy, which are regarded as the only approved treatments for acute ischemic stroke. Triggered by various types of mild stressors or stimuli, ischemic preconditioning (IPreC) induces adaptive endogenous tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by activating a multitude cascade of biomolecules, for example, proteins, enzymes, receptors, transcription factors, and others, which eventually lead to transcriptional regulation and epigenetic and genomic reprogramming. During the past 30 years, IPreC has been widely studied to confirm its neuroprotection against subsequent I/R injury, mainly including local ischemic preconditioning (LIPreC), remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPreC), and cross preconditioning. Although LIPreC has a strong neuroprotective effect, the clinical application of IPreC for subsequent cerebral ischemia is difficult. There are two main reasons for the above result: Cerebral ischemia is unpredictable, and LIPreC is also capable of inducing unexpected injury with only minor differences to durations or intensity. RIPreC and pharmacological preconditioning, an easy-to-use and non-invasive therapy, can be performed in a variety of clinical settings and appear to be more suitable for the clinical management of ischemic stroke. Hoping to advance our understanding of IPreC, this review mainly focuses on recent advances in IPreC in stroke management, its challenges, and the potential study directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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27
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Khalid AR, Yasoob TB, Zhang Z, Yu D, Feng J, Zhu X, Hang S. Supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf powder orally improved productive performance by enhancing the intestinal health in rabbits under chronic heat stress. J Therm Biol 2020; 93:102680. [PMID: 33077107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress jeopardizes animal's growth and health mainly through induction of oxidative stress and inflammation. The current study investigated the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) supplementation on productive performance and intestinal health of rabbits under chronic heat stress (HS). Young New Zealand White rabbits (male) at the age of 32 weeks (n = 21, mean body weight of 3318 ± 171 g) for four weeks' period were reared on commercial pelleted diet and divided into three groups: control (CON, 25 °C), HS (35 ± 1 °C) and HS (35 ± 1 °C) with MOLP (HSM) supplemented orally (200 mg/kg body weight). The results demonstrated that rabbits in the HSM group had reduced rectal temperature, respiration rate and improved FCR due to improved daily gain and better crude fiber (NDF) digestibility (P < 0.05) compared with HS group. MOLP improved intestinal integrity and function as indicated by lower serum diamine oxidase level and increased jejunal weight, length, villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth than heat-stressed rabbits. MOLP reversed the increased levels of serum cortisol, metabolic indicators i.e. glucose, insulin, and reduced concentrations of serum triiodothyronine. MOLP supplementation also significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (α), heat shock protein A2, glutathione peroxidase-1, interleukin (IL)-1α and increased the expression of IL-6. In conclusion, MOLP supplementation could enhance intestinal health along with production and metabolic indicators by alleviating the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in small intestine of hyper-thermic rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf Khalid
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Talat Bilal Yasoob
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Defu Yu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jiangyin Feng
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Suqin Hang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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28
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Zhang G, Zhu Z, Wang H, Yu Y, Chen W, Waqas A, Wang Y, Chen L. Exosomes derived from human neural stem cells stimulated by interferon gamma improve therapeutic ability in ischemic stroke model. J Adv Res 2020; 24:435-445. [PMID: 32551140 PMCID: PMC7289755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
hNSC-Exo presented therapeutic roles in brain ischemic stroke model of rats. IFN-γ preconditioning significantly altered the abilities and contents of hNSC-Exo. IFN-γ-hNSC-Exo shown more therapeutic benefits than hNSC-Exo in vitro and in vivo. Exosomal miRNAs in IFN-γ-hNSC-Exo mediated the potential effects on cell survival.
Transplanted neural stem cells promote neural tissue regeneration and functional recovery primarily by releasing paracrine factors. Exosomes act as important secreted paracrine molecules to deliver therapeutic agents involved in cellular functions. Here, we focused on the role of exosomes (hNSC-Exo) derived from human neural stem cells (hNSCs). We utilized the pro-inflammatory factor interferon gamma (IFN-γ) to induce the generation of altered exosomes (IFN-γ-hNSC-Exo), and compared their roles with those of hNSC-Exo and explored the potential mechanism. Importantly, IFN-γ preconditioning did not affect the secretion, but significantly altered the ability of exosomes derived from hNSCs. Moreover, IFN-γ-hNSC-Exo was functionally superior to hNSC-Exo; showed increased cell proliferation and cell survival and decreased cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, IFN-γ-hNSC-Exo further exerted therapeutic effects (showed better behavioral and structural outcomes) compared to those of hNSCs-Exo in an ischemic stroke rat model. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed specific exosomal miRNAs (hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR-133a-3p and hsa-miR-3656) in IFN-γ-hNSC-Exo with important roles in cell survival. Thus, our findings demonstrate that the inflammatory factor IFN-γ can regulate the functions of exosomes and highlight its role in regulating the application of neural stem cell-derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhihan Zhu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yongbo Yu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wanghao Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yezhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
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29
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TNF-α Pretreatment Improves the Survival and Function of Transplanted Human Neural Progenitor Cells Following Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051195. [PMID: 32403417 PMCID: PMC7291333 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) therapy offers great promise in hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. However, the poor survival of implanted NPCs in the HI host environment limits their therapeutic effects. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is induced in response to a variety of pathological processes including inflammation and immunity. On the other hand, TNF-α has protective effects on cell apoptosis and death and affects the differentiation, proliferation, and survival of neural stem/progenitor cells in the brain. The present study investigated whether TNF-α pretreatment on human NPCs (hNPCs) enhances the effectiveness of cell transplantation therapy under ischemic brain. Fetal brain tissue-derived hNPCs were pretreated with TNF-α before being used in vitro experiments or transplantation. TNF-α significantly increased expression of cIAP2, and the use of short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of cIAP2 demonstrated that cIAP2 protected hNPCs against HI-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, pretreatment of hNPCs with TNF-α mediated neuroprotection by altering microglia polarization via increased expression of CX3CL1 and by enhancing expression of neurotrophic factors. Furthermore, transplantation of TNF-α-treated hNPCs reduced infarct volume and improved neurological functions in comparison with non-pretreated hNPCs or vehicle. These findings show that TNF-α pretreatment, which protects hNPCs from HI-injured brain-induced apoptosis and increases neuroprotection, is a simple and safe approach to improve the survival of transplanted hNPCs and the therapeutic efficacy of hNPCs in HI brain injury.
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30
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Therapeutic potential of stem cells for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1073-1101. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhang GL, Zhu ZH, Wang YZ. Neural stem cell transplantation therapy for brain ischemic stroke: Review and perspectives. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:817-830. [PMID: 31692854 PMCID: PMC6828598 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i10.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death and disability, currently has no efficient therapeutic strategy in clinic. Due to irreversible functional neurons loss and neural tissue injury, stem cell transplantation may be the most promising treatment approach. Neural stem cells (NSCs) as the special type of stem cells only exist in the nervous system, can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and have the abilities to compensate insufficient endogenous nerve cells and improve the inflammatory microenvironment of cell survival. In this review, we focused on the important role of NSCs therapy for brain ischemic stroke, mainly introduced the methods of optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of NSC transplantation, such as transfection and overexpression of specific genes, pretreatment of NSCs with inflammatory factors, and co-transplantation with cytokines. Next, we discussed the potential problems of NSC transplantation which seriously limited their rapid clinical transformation and application. Finally, we expected a new research topic in the field of stem cell research. Based on the bystander effect, exosomes derived from NSCs can overcome many of the risks and difficulties associated with cell therapy. Thus, as natural seed resource of nervous system, NSCs-based cell-free treatment is a newly therapy strategy, will play more important role in treating ischemic stroke in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Long Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Han Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye-Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China
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32
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Liu XY, Wei MG, Liang J, Xu HH, Wang JJ, Wang J, Yang XP, Lv FF, Wang KQ, Duan JH, Tu Y, Zhang S, Chen C, Li XH. Injury-preconditioning secretome of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells amplified the neurogenesis and cognitive recovery after severe traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurochem 2019; 153:230-251. [PMID: 31465551 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a dominant cause of death and permanent disability worldwide. Although TBI could significantly increase the proliferation of adult neural stem cells in the hippocampus, the survival and maturation of newborn cells is markedly low. Increasing evidence suggests that the secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) would be an ideal alternative to MSC transplantation. The successive and microenvironmentally responsive secretion in MSCs may be critical for the functional benefits provided by transplanted MSCs after TBI. Therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the signaling molecules secreted in response to local tissue damage can further facilitate the therapeutic effect of the MSC secretome. To simulate the complex microenvironment in the injured brain well, we used traumatically injured brain tissue extracts to pretreat umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) in vitro and stereotaxically injected the secretome from traumatic injury-preconditioned UCMSCs into the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in a rat severe TBI model. The results revealed that compared with the normal secretome, the traumatic injury-preconditioned secretome could significantly further promote the differentiation, migration, and maturation of newborn cells in the dentate gyrus and ultimately improve cognitive function after TBI. Cytokine antibody array suggested that the increased benefits of secretome administration were attributable to the newly produced proteins and up-regulated molecules from the MSC secretome preconditioned by a traumatically injured microenvironment. Our study utilized the traumatic injury-preconditioned secretome to amplify neurogenesis and improve cognitive recovery, suggesting this method may be a novel and safer candidate for nerve repair. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14741.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yin Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng-Guang Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Huan Xu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi-Ping Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang-Fang Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke-Qiang Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Hao Duan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Tu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
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Overexpression of BRCA1 in Neural Stem Cells Enhances Cell Survival and Functional Recovery after Transplantation into Experimental Ischemic Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8739730. [PMID: 31073355 PMCID: PMC6470423 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8739730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) is a promising therapy for ischemic stroke. However, the effectiveness of this approach is limited by grafted cell death. Breast cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1) could suppress apoptosis in neural progenitors and modulate oxidative stress in neurons. In this study, we found that BRCA1 was upregulated by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Overexpression of BRCA1 in NSCs reduced cell apoptosis and oxidative stress after OGD/R insult. The molecule overexpression also stimulated cellular proliferation in OGD/R NSCs and increased the survival rate of grafted cells. Further, the transplantation of BRCA1-transfected NSCs into mice with ischemic stroke increased brain-derived neurotropic factor and nerve growth factor expression in the brain and elicited neurological function improvement. In addition, we found that RING finger domain and BRCT domain of BRCA1 could physically interact with p53 in NSCs. The cross talk between BRCA1 RING finger domain and p53 was responsible for p53 ubiquitination and degradation. Our findings indicate that modification with BRCA1 could enhance the efficacy of NSCs transplantation in ischemic stroke.
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Shin JE, Han J, Lim JH, Eun HS, Park KI. Human Neural Stem Cells: Translational Research for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. NEONATAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.5385/nm.2019.26.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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35
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Abati E, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S. Preconditioning and Cellular Engineering to Increase the Survival of Transplanted Neural Stem Cells for Motor Neuron Disease Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3356-3367. [PMID: 30120734 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the extensive research effort that has been made in the field, motor neuron diseases, namely, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophies, still represent an overwhelming cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exogenous neural stem cell-based transplantation approaches have been investigated as multifaceted strategies to both protect and repair upper and lower motor neurons from degeneration and inflammation. Transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) exert their beneficial effects not only through the replacement of damaged cells but also via bystander immunomodulatory and neurotrophic actions. Notwithstanding these promising findings, the clinical translatability of such techniques is jeopardized by the limited engraftment success and survival of transplanted cells within the hostile disease microenvironment. To overcome this obstacle, different methods to enhance graft survival, stability, and therapeutic potential have been developed, including environmental stress preconditioning, biopolymers scaffolds, and genetic engineering. In this review, we discuss current engineering techniques aimed at the exploitation of the migratory, proliferative, and secretive capacity of NSCs and their relevance for the therapeutic arsenal against motor neuron disorders and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Abati
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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36
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Boese AC, Le QSE, Pham D, Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Neural stem cell therapy for subacute and chronic ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:154. [PMID: 29895321 PMCID: PMC5998588 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) play vital roles in brain homeostasis and exhibit a broad repertoire of potentially therapeutic actions following neurovascular injury. One such injury is stroke, a worldwide leading cause of death and disability. Clinically, extensive injury from ischemic stroke results from ischemia-reperfusion (IR), which is accompanied by inflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage, neural cell death, and extensive tissue loss. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is still the only US Food and Drug Administration-approved clot-lysing agent. Whereas the thrombolytic role of tPA within the vasculature is beneficial, the effects of tPA (in a non-thrombolytic role) within the brain parenchyma have been reported as harmful. Thus, new therapies are needed to reduce the deleterious side effects of tPA and quickly facilitate vascular repair following stroke. The Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) recommends that stroke therapies "focus on drugs/devices/treatments with multiple mechanisms of action and that target multiple pathways". Thus, based on multifactorial ischemic cascades in various stroke stages, effective stroke therapies need to focus on targeting and ameliorating early IR injury as well as facilitating angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neurorestorative mechanisms following stroke. This review will discuss the preclinical perspectives of NSC transplantation as a promising treatment for neurovascular injury and will emphasize both the subacute and chronic phase of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin C Boese
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Quan-Son Eric Le
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Dylan Pham
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Milton H Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Kim M, Jung K, Kim IS, Lee IS, Ko Y, Shin JE, Park KI. TNF-α induces human neural progenitor cell survival after oxygen-glucose deprivation by activating the NF-κB pathway. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 29622770 PMCID: PMC5938012 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural progenitor cell (NPC) transplantation has been shown to be beneficial in the ischemic brain. However, the low survival rate of transplanted NPCs in an ischemic microenvironment limits their therapeutic effects. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is one of the proinflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of various injuries. On the other hand, several studies have shown that TNF-α influences the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of NPCs. Our study investigated the effect of TNF-α pretreatment on human NPCs (hNPCs) under ischemia-related conditions in vitro. hNPCs harvested from fetal brain tissue were pretreated with TNF-α before being subjected to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic ischemia in vitro. TNF-α pretreatment improved the viability and reduced the apoptosis of hNPCs after OGD. At the molecular level, TNF-α markedly increased the level of NF-κB signaling in hNPCs, and an NF-κB pathway inhibitor, BAY11-7082, completely reversed the protective effects of TNF-α on hNPCs. These results suggest that TNF-α improves hNPC survival by activating the NF-κB pathway. In addition, TNF-α significantly enhanced the expression of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (cIAP2). Use of a lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA targeting cIAP2 mRNA demonstrated that cIAP2 protected against OGD-induced cytotoxicity in hNPCs. Our study of intracellular NF-κB signaling revealed that inhibition of NF-κB activity abolished the TNF-α-mediated upregulation of cIAP2 in hNPCs and blocked TNF-α-induced cytoprotection against OGD. Therefore, this study suggests that TNF-α pretreatment, which protects hNPCs from OGD-induced apoptosis by activating the NF-κB pathway, provides a safe and simple approach to improve the viability of transplanted hNPCs in cerebral ischemia. A potent “survival signal” for brain stem cells could enable effective regenerative therapies for stroke patients. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) can develop into functional neurons and supportive glial cells, and researchers are tantalized by the prospect of using NPCs to repair damaged brain tissue. NPCs generally fail to flourish after transplantation, but a team led by Kook In Park at Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea, have found a signaling factor that helps these cells to survive and divide. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is associated with inflammation, but also protects neurons after a stroke. The researchers showed that pretreatment with TNF-α preserved NPCs exposed to starvation and oxygen-deprivation conditions in cell culture by activating critical cell survival pathways. These findings suggest that TNF-α may enable NPCs to survive long enough to repair post-stroke neurological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Jung
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Il-Sun Kim
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Il-Shin Lee
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Younhee Ko
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, 17035, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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38
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Kiang JG, Smith JT, Anderson MN, Elliott TB, Gupta P, Balakathiresan NS, Maheshwari RK, Knollmann-Ritschel B. Hemorrhage enhances cytokine, complement component 3, and caspase-3, and regulates microRNAs associated with intestinal damage after whole-body gamma-irradiation in combined injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184393. [PMID: 28934227 PMCID: PMC5608216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhage following whole-body γ-irradiation in a combined injury (CI) model increases mortality compared to whole-body γ-irradiation alone (RI). The decreased survival in CI is accompanied by increased bone marrow injury, decreased hematocrit, and alterations of miRNA in the kidney. In this study, our aim was to examine cytokine homeostasis, susceptibility to systemic bacterial infection, and intestinal injury. More specifically, we evaluated the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced stress proteins including C-reactive protein (CRP), complement 3 (C3), Flt-3 ligand, and corticosterone. CD2F1 male mice received 8.75 Gy 60Co gamma photons (0.6 Gy/min, bilateral) which was followed by a hemorrhage of 20% of the blood volume. In serum, RI caused an increase of IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-18, G-CSF, CM-CSF, eotaxin, IFN-γ, MCP-1, MIP, RANTES, and TNF-α, which were all increased by hemorrhage alone, except IL-9, IL-17A, and MCP-1. Nevertheless, CI further elevated RI-induced increases of these cytokines except for G-CSF, IFN- γ and RANTES in serum. In the ileum, hemorrhage in the CI model significantly enhanced RI-induced IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-18, and TNF-α concentrations. In addition, Proteus mirabilis Gram(-) was found in only 1 of 6 surviving RI mice on Day 15, whereas Streptococcus sanguinis Gram(+) and Sphingomonas paucimobilis Gram(-) were detected in 2 of 3 surviving CI mice (with 3 CI mice diseased due to inflammation and infection before day 15) at the same time point. Hemorrhage in the CI model enhanced the RI-induced increases in C3 and decreases in CRP concentrations. However, hemorrhage alone did not alter the basal levels, but hemorrhage in the CI model displayed similar increases in Flt-3 ligand levels as RI did. Hemorrhage alone altered the basal levels of corticosterone early after injury, which then returned to the baseline, but in RI mice and CI mice the increased corticosterone concentration remained elevated throughout the 15 day study. CI increased 8 miRNAs and decreased 10 miRNAs in serum, and increased 16 miRNA and decreased 6 miRNAs in ileum tissue. Among the altered miRNAs, CI increased miR-34 in the serum and ileum which targeted an increased phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and increased NF-κB, thereby leading to increased iNOS expression and activation of caspase-3 in the ileum. Further, let-7g/miR-98 targeted the increased phosphorylation of STAT3 in the ileum, which is known to bind to the iNOS gene. These changes may correlate with cell death in the ileum of CI mice. The histopathology displayed blunted villi and villus edema in RI and CI mice. Based on the in silico analysis, miR-15, miR-99, and miR-100 were predicted to regulate IL-6 and TNF. These results suggest that CI-induced alterations of cytokines/chemokines, CRP, and C3 cause a homeostatic imbalance and may contribute to the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal injury. Inhibitory intervention in these responses may prove therapeutic for CI and improve recovery of the ileal morphologic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliann G. Kiang
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joan T. Smith
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marsha N. Anderson
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas B. Elliott
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paridhi Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nagaraja S. Balakathiresan
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Radha K. Maheshwari
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Barbara Knollmann-Ritschel
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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39
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MANF Promotes Differentiation and Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells with Potential Neural Regenerative Effects in Stroke. Mol Ther 2017; 26:238-255. [PMID: 29050872 PMCID: PMC5763030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia activates endogenous reparative processes, such as increased proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and migration of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) toward the ischemic area. However, this reparative process is limited because most of the NPCs die shortly after injury or are unable to arrive at the infarct boundary. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that endogenous mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) protects NSCs against oxygen-glucose-deprivation-induced injury and has a crucial role in regulating NPC migration. In NSC cultures, MANF protein administration did not affect growth of cells but triggered neuronal and glial differentiation, followed by activation of STAT3. In SVZ explants, MANF overexpression facilitated cell migration and activated the STAT3 and ERK1/2 pathway. Using a rat model of cortical stroke, intracerebroventricular injections of MANF did not affect cell proliferation in the SVZ, but promoted migration of doublecortin (DCX)+ cells toward the corpus callosum and infarct boundary on day 14 post-stroke. Long-term infusion of MANF into the peri-infarct zone increased the recruitment of DCX+ cells in the infarct area. In conclusion, our data demonstrate a neuroregenerative activity of MANF that facilitates differentiation and migration of NPCs, thereby increasing recruitment of neuroblasts in stroke cortex.
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40
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Li Y, Zhang X, Cui L, Chen R, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhu X, He T, Shen Z, Dong L, Zhao J, Wen Y, Zheng X, Li P. Salvianolic acids enhance cerebral angiogenesis and neurological recovery by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway after ischemic stroke in mice. J Neurochem 2017; 143:87-99. [PMID: 28771727 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoru Li
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xingyuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Tingting He
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Zuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Lipeng Dong
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Jingru Zhao
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
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Bernstock JD, Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Ye D, Gessler FA, Maric D, Vicario N, Lee YJ, Pluchino S, Hallenbeck JM. Neural stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke: A role for preconditioning and cellular engineering. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2314-2319. [PMID: 28303738 PMCID: PMC5531358 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17700432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. To protect and/or repair the ischemic brain, a multitiered approach may be centered on neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation. Transplanted NSCs exert beneficial effects not only via structural replacement, but also via immunomodulatory and/or neurotrophic actions. Unfortunately, the clinical translation of such promising therapies remains elusive, in part due to their limited persistence/survivability within the hostile ischemic microenvironment. Herein, we discuss current approaches for the development of NSCs more amenable to survival within the ischemic brain as a tool for future cellular therapies in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Bernstock
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luca Peruzzotti-Jametti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Ye
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Florian A Gessler
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dragan Maric
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yang-Ja Lee
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John M Hallenbeck
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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42
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Pu CM, Liu CW, Liang CJ, Yen YH, Chen SH, Jiang-Shieh YF, Chien CL, Chen YC, Chen YL. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Protect Skin Flaps against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via IL-6 Expression. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1353-1362. [PMID: 28163069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Flap necrosis is the most frequent postoperative complication encountered in reconstructive surgery. We elucidated whether adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and their derivatives might induce neovascularization and protect skin flaps during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Flaps were subjected to 3 hours of ischemia by ligating long thoracic vessels and then to blood reperfusion. Qtracker-labeled ADSCs, ADSCs in conditioned medium (ADSC-CM), or ADSC exosomes (ADSC-Exo) were injected into the flaps. These treatments led to significantly increased flap survival and capillary density compared with I/R on postoperative day 5. IL-6 levels in the cell lysates or in conditioned medium were significantly higher in ADSCs than in Hs68 fibroblasts. ADSC-CM and ADSC-Exo increased tube formation. This result was corroborated by a strong decrease in skin repair after adding IL-6-neutralizing antibodies or small interfering RNA for IL-6 ADSCs. ADSC transplantation also increased flap recovery in I/R injury of IL-6-knockout mice. IL-6 was secreted from ADSCs through signal transducer and activator of transcription phosphorylation, and then IL-6 stimulated angiogenesis and enhanced recovery after I/R injury by the classic signaling pathway. The mechanism of skin recovery includes the direct differentiation of ADSCs into endothelial cells and the indirect effect of IL-6 released from ADSCs. ADSC-CM and ADSC-Exo could be used as off-the-shelf products for this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Pu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Liang
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiu Yen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Jiang-Shieh
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Liang Chien
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Modification of Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Homing and Survival During Cerebral Ischemia. BONE MARROW STEM CELL THERAPY FOR STROKE 2017. [PMCID: PMC7121342 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-2929-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, major advances have been made in stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, which is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Various stem cells from bone marrow, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), have shown therapeutic potential for stroke. Concomitant with these exciting findings are some fundamental bottlenecks that must be overcome in order to accelerate their clinical translation, including the low survival and engraftment caused by the harsh microenvironment after transplantation. In this chapter, strategies such as gene modification, hypoxia/growth factor preconditioning, and biomaterial-based methods to improve cell survival and homing are summarized, and the potential strategies for their future application are also discussed.
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King MA, Leon LR, Morse DA, Clanton TL. Unique cytokine and chemokine responses to exertional heat stroke in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 122:296-306. [PMID: 27909226 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00667.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In heat stroke, cytokines are believed to play important roles in multiorgan dysfunction and recovery of damaged tissue. The time course of the cytokine response is well defined in passive heat stroke (PHS), but little is known about exertional heat stroke (EHS). In this study we used a recently developed mouse EHS model to measure the responses of circulating cytokines/chemokines and cytokine gene expression in muscle. A very rapid increase in circulating IL-6 was observed at maximum core temperature (Tc,max) that peaked at 0.5 h of recovery and disappeared by 3 h. IL-10 was not elevated at any time. This contrasts with PHS where both IL-6 and IL-10 peak at 3 h of recovery. Keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, MIP-1β, and monocyte chemoattractive factor-1 also demonstrated near peak responses at 0.5 h. Only G-CSF and KC remained elevated at 3 h. Muscle mRNA for innate immune cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, but not TNF-α) were greatly increased in diaphragm and soleus compared with similar measurements in PHS. We hypothesized that these altered cytokine responses in EHS may be due to a lower Tc,max achieved in EHS or a lower overall heat load. However, when these variables were controlled for, they could not account for the differences between EHS and PHS. We conclude that moderate exercise, superimposed on heat exposure, alters the pattern of circulating cytokine and chemokine production and muscle cytokine expression in EHS. This response may comprise an endocrine reflex to exercise in heat that initiates survival pathways and early onset tissue repair mechanisms. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Immune modulators called cytokines are released following extreme hyperthermia leading to heat stroke. It is not known whether exercise in hyperthermia, leading to EHS, influences this response. Using a mouse model of EHS, we discovered a rapid accumulation of interleukin-6 and other cytokines involved in immune cell trafficking. This response may comprise a protective mechanism for early induction of cell survival and tissue repair pathways needed for recovery from thermal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A King
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, The University of Florida; and
| | - Lisa R Leon
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah A Morse
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, The University of Florida; and
| | - Thomas L Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, The University of Florida; and
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Wakai T, Narasimhan P, Sakata H, Wang E, Yoshioka H, Kinouchi H, Chan PH. Hypoxic preconditioning enhances neural stem cell transplantation therapy after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2016; 36:2134-2145. [PMID: 26661220 PMCID: PMC5363661 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x15613798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that intraparenchymal transplantation of neural stem cells ameliorates neurological deficits in animals with intracerebral hemorrhage. However, hemoglobin in the host brain environment causes massive grafted cell death and reduces the effectiveness of this approach. Several studies have shown that preconditioning induced by sublethal hypoxia can markedly improve the tolerance of treated subjects to more severe insults. Therefore, we investigated whether hypoxic preconditioning enhances neural stem cell resilience to the hemorrhagic stroke environment and improves therapeutic effects in mice. To assess whether hypoxic preconditioning enhances neural stem cell survival when exposed to hemoglobin, neural stem cells were exposed to 5% hypoxia for 24 hours before exposure to hemoglobin. To study the effectiveness of hypoxic preconditioning on grafted-neural stem cell recovery, neural stem cells subjected to hypoxic preconditioning were grafted into the parenchyma 3 days after intracerebral hemorrhage. Hypoxic preconditioning significantly enhanced viability of the neural stem cells exposed to hemoglobin and increased grafted-cell survival in the intracerebral hemorrhage brain. Hypoxic preconditioning also increased neural stem cell secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. Finally, transplanted neural stem cells with hypoxic preconditioning exhibited enhanced tissue-protective capability that accelerated behavioral recovery. Our results suggest that hypoxic preconditioning in neural stem cells improves efficacy of stem cell therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Wakai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Purnima Narasimhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Sakata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Eric Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hideyuki Yoshioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kinouchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Pak H Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Nivet E. Modifiers of Neural Stem Cells and Aging: Pulling the Trigger of a Neurogenic Decline. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-016-0047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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47
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Ottoboni L, De Feo D, Merlini A, Martino G. Commonalities in immune modulation between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs). Immunol Lett 2015; 168:228-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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48
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Experimental model of small subcortical infarcts in mice with long-lasting functional disabilities. Brain Res 2015; 1629:318-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Wang Z, Wang J, Jin Y, Luo Z, Yang W, Xie H, Huang K, Wang L. A Neuroprotective Sericin Hydrogel As an Effective Neuronal Cell Carrier for the Repair of Ischemic Stroke. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:24629-40. [PMID: 26478947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke causes extensive cellular loss that impairs brain functions, resulting in severe disabilities. No effective treatments are currently available for brain tissue regeneration. The need to develop effective therapeutic approaches for treating stroke is compelling. A tissue engineering approach employing a hydrogel carrying both cells and neurotrophic cytokines to damaged regions is an encouraging alternative for neuronal repair. However, this approach is often challenged by low in vivo cell survival rate, and low encapsulation efficiency and loss of cytokines. To address these limitations, we propose to develop a biomaterial that can form a matrix capable of improving in vivo survival of transplanted cells and reducing in vivo loss of cytokines. Here, we report that using sericin, a natural protein from silk, we have fabricated a genipin-cross-linked sericin hydrogel (GSH) with porous structure and mild swelling ratio. The GSH supports the effective attachment and growth of neurons in vitro. Strikingly, our data reveal that sericin protein is intrinsically neurotrophic and neuroprotective, promoting axon extension and branching as well as preventing primary neurons from hypoxia-induced cell death. Notably, these functions are inherited by the GSH's degradation products, which might spare a need of incorporating costly cytokines. We further demonstrate that this neurotrophic effect is dependent on the Lkb1-Nuak1 pathway, while the neuroprotective effect is realized through regulating the Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio. Importantly, when transplanted in vivo, the GSH gives a high cell survival rate and allows the cells to continuously proliferate. Together, this work unmasks the neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions for sericin and provides strong evidence justifying the GSH's suitability as a potential neuronal cell delivery vehicle for ischemic stroke repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
| | - Jian Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiration, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
- Medical Research Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, China 430022
| | - Zhen Luo
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
| | - Wen Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
| | - Hongjian Xie
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, China 430022
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China 430022
- Medical Research Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, China 430022
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, China 430022
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