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Kiaie SH, Hatami Z, Nasr MS, Pazooki P, Hemmati S, Baradaran B, Valizadeh H. Pharmacological interaction and immune response of purinergic receptors in therapeutic modulation. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:321-343. [PMID: 37843749 PMCID: PMC11303644 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleosides and purine nucleotides serve as transmitter and modulator agents that extend their functions beyond the cell. In this context, purinergic signaling plays a crucial role in regulating energy homeostasis and modulating metabolic alterations in tumor cells. Therefore, it is essential to consider the pharmacological targeting of purinergic receptors (PUR), which encompass the expression and inhibition of P1 receptors (metabotropic adenosine receptors) as well as P2 receptors (extracellular ATP/ADP) comprising P2X and P2Y receptors. Thus, the pharmacological interaction between inhibitors (such as RNA, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecules) and PUR represents a key aspect in facilitating the development of therapeutic interventions. Moreover, this review explores recent advancements in pharmacological inhibitors and the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity of PUR, specifically in relation to immunological and inflammatory responses. These responses encompass the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC), the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), the regulation of T cells, and the activation of inflammasomes in all human leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Kiaie
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Hatami
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Nasr
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering Multi-Interprofessional Center for Health Informatics (MICHI), The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Pouya Pazooki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Hemmati
- Institute Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Du Y, Cao Y, Song W, Wang X, Yu Q, Peng X, Zhao R. Role of the P2X7 receptor in breast cancer progression. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10039-6. [PMID: 39039304 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor, whose incidence is increasing year by year, and it has become the malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate in women. Purine ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) is a cation channel receptor with Adenosine triphosphate ( ATP) as a ligand, which is widely distributed in cells and tissues, and is closely related to tumorigenesis and progression. P2X7R plays an important role in cancer by interacting with ATP. Studies have shown that P2X7R is up-regulated in breast cancer and can promote tumor invasion and metastasis by activating the protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), controlling the generation of extracellular vesicle (EV), and regulating the expression of the inflammatory protein cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Furthermore, P2X7R was proven to play an essential role in the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Recently, inhibitors targeting P2X7R have been found to inhibit the progression of breast cancer. Natural P2X7R antagonists, such as rhodopsin, and the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, have also been shown to be effective in inhibiting breast cancer progression. In this article, we review the research progress of P2X7R and breast cancer intending to provide new targets and directions for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Du
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Yahui Cao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China.
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, 261053, China.
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3
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Ferreira NCDS, Viviani LG, Lima LM, do Amaral AT, Romano JVP, Fortunato AL, Soares RF, Alberto AVP, Coelho Neto JA, Alves LA. A Hybrid Approach Combining Shape-Based and Docking Methods to Identify Novel Potential P2X7 Antagonists from Natural Product Databases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:592. [PMID: 38794162 PMCID: PMC11123696 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
P2X7 is an ATP-activated purinergic receptor implicated in pro-inflammatory responses. It is associated with the development of several diseases, including inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions. Although several P2X7 receptor antagonists have recently been reported in the literature, none of them is approved for clinical use. However, the structure of the known antagonists can serve as a scaffold for discovering effective compounds in clinical therapy. This study aimed to propose an improved virtual screening methodology for the identification of novel potential P2X7 receptor antagonists from natural products through the combination of shape-based and docking approaches. First, a shape-based screening was performed based on the structure of JNJ-47965567, a P2X7 antagonist, using two natural product compound databases, MEGx (~5.8 × 103 compounds) and NATx (~32 × 103 compounds). Then, the compounds selected by the proposed shape-based model, with Shape-Tanimoto score values ranging between 0.624 and 0.799, were filtered for drug-like properties. Finally, the compounds that met the drug-like filter criteria were docked into the P2X7 allosteric binding site, using the docking programs GOLD and DockThor. The docking poses with the best score values were submitted to careful visual inspection of the P2X7 allosteric binding site. Based on our established visual inspection criteria, four compounds from the MEGx database and four from the NATx database were finally selected as potential P2X7 receptor antagonists. The selected compounds are structurally different from known P2X7 antagonists, have drug-like properties, and are predicted to interact with key P2X7 allosteric binding pocket residues, including F88, F92, F95, F103, M105, F108, Y295, Y298, and I310. Therefore, the combination of shape-based screening and docking approaches proposed in our study has proven useful in selecting potential novel P2X7 antagonist candidates from natural-product-derived compounds databases. This approach could also be useful for selecting potential inhibitors/antagonists of other receptors and/or biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natiele Carla da Silva Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.C.d.S.F.); (L.M.L.); (J.V.P.R.); (A.L.F.); (A.V.P.A.)
| | - Lucas Gasparello Viviani
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (L.G.V.); (A.T.d.A.)
| | - Lauro Miranda Lima
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.C.d.S.F.); (L.M.L.); (J.V.P.R.); (A.L.F.); (A.V.P.A.)
| | | | - João Victor Paiva Romano
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.C.d.S.F.); (L.M.L.); (J.V.P.R.); (A.L.F.); (A.V.P.A.)
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Anderson Lage Fortunato
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.C.d.S.F.); (L.M.L.); (J.V.P.R.); (A.L.F.); (A.V.P.A.)
| | - Rafael Ferreira Soares
- Laboratory of Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - Anael Viana Pinto Alberto
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.C.d.S.F.); (L.M.L.); (J.V.P.R.); (A.L.F.); (A.V.P.A.)
| | - Jose Aguiar Coelho Neto
- National Institute of Industrial Property, Rio de Janeiro 20090-910, Brazil;
- Tijuca Campus, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro 20271-020, Brazil
| | - Luiz Anastacio Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.C.d.S.F.); (L.M.L.); (J.V.P.R.); (A.L.F.); (A.V.P.A.)
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4
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Bai X, Li Q, Peng X, Li X, Qiao C, Tang Y, Zhao R. P2X7 receptor promotes migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells through the PI3K/Akt pathways. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:685-697. [PMID: 36854856 PMCID: PMC10754800 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the ATP-gated ion channel P2X7 receptor is involved in tumor progression and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell growth, invasion, migration and angiogenesis. However, P2X7 receptors have been relatively poorly studied in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of P2X7 receptor on A549 cells (NSCLC cell line) migration and invasion and to reveal the molecular mechanisms mediated by it. We detected the expression and function of P2X7 receptor in A549 cells. The effects and mechanisms of P2X7 receptor on A549 cells migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were detected in vitro and in vivo. The results showed P2X7 receptor expressed by A549 cells had ion channel and macropore formation function. In addition, activation of P2X7 receptor by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or 2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoylbenzoyl)-adenosine-5'-triphosphate (BzATP) promoted Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion of A549 cells, which was attenuated by treatment of cells with P2X7 receptor antagonist A438079 and Oxidized ATP. Furthermore, activation of P2X7 receptor increased phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) levels, and the phosphatidylinositol-tris-phosphate kinase 3 (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) inhibitor LY294002 blocked migration and invasion of A549 cells induced by ATP or BzATP. At the same time, in vivo results showed that P2X7 receptor could also promote EMT and PI3K/Akt expression in transplanted tumors. Our study indicated that P2X7 receptor promotes A549 cells migration and invasion through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that P2X7 receptor may be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Qiao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yiqing Tang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12Th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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Okon E, Gaweł-Bęben K, Jarzab A, Koch W, Kukula-Koch W, Wawruszak A. Therapeutic Potential of 1,8-Dihydroanthraquinone Derivatives for Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15789. [PMID: 37958772 PMCID: PMC10648492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. In recent years, significant progress has been made in BC therapy. However, serious side effects resulting from the use of standard chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as the phenomenon of multidrug resistance (MDR), limit the effectiveness of approved therapies. Advanced research in the BC area is necessary to create more effective and safer forms of therapy to improve the outlook for individuals diagnosed with this aggressive neoplasm. For decades, plants and natural products with anticancer properties have been successfully utilized in treating various medical conditions. Anthraquinone derivatives are tricyclic secondary metabolites of natural origin that have been identified in plants, lichens, and fungi. They represent a few botanical families, e.g., Rhamnaceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, and others. The review comprehensively covers and analyzes the most recent advances in the anticancer activity of 1,8-dihydroanthraquinone derivatives (emodin, aloe-emodin, hypericin, chrysophanol, rhein, and physcion) applied both individually, or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, in in vitro and in vivo BC models. The application of nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo evidence in the context of 1,8-dihydroanthraquinone derivatives was also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Okon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.O.); (A.J.)
| | - Katarzyna Gaweł-Bęben
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, 2 Sucharskiego, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Agata Jarzab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.O.); (A.J.)
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medical Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Wawruszak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.O.); (A.J.)
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6
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Sainz RM, Rodriguez-Quintero JH, Maldifassi MC, Stiles BM, Wennerberg E. Tumour immune escape via P2X7 receptor signalling. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1287310. [PMID: 38022596 PMCID: PMC10643160 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While P2X7 receptor expression on tumour cells has been characterized as a promotor of cancer growth and metastasis, its expression by the host immune system is central for orchestration of both innate and adaptive immune responses against cancer. The role of P2X7R in anti-tumour immunity is complex and preclinical studies have described opposing roles of the P2X7R in regulating immune responses against tumours. Therefore, few P2X7R modulators have reached clinical testing in cancer patients. Here, we review the prognostic value of P2X7R in cancer, how P2X7R have been targeted to date in tumour models, and we discuss four aspects of how tumours skew immune responses to promote immune escape via the P2X7R; non-pore functional P2X7Rs, mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases, ectonucleotidases, and immunoregulatory cells. Lastly, we discuss alternative approaches to offset tumour immune escape via P2X7R to enhance immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M. Sainz
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Humberto Rodriguez-Quintero
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maria Constanza Maldifassi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Brendon M. Stiles
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Erik Wennerberg
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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7
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McDonald SJ, Bullard BM, VanderVeen BN, Cardaci TD, Chatzistamou I, Fan D, Murphy EA. Emodin reduces surgical wounding-accelerated tumor growth and metastasis via macrophage suppression in a murine triple-negative breast cancer model. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15813. [PMID: 37821408 PMCID: PMC10567645 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suspected that tumor resection surgery itself may accelerate breast cancer (BC) lung metastasis in some patients. Emodin, a natural anthraquinone found in the roots and rhizomes of various plants, exhibits anticancer activity. We examined the perioperative use of emodin in our established surgery wounding murine BC model. Emodin reduced primary BC tumor growth and metastasis in the lungs in both sham and surgical wounded mice, consistent with a reduction in proliferation and enhanced apoptosis (primary tumor and lungs). Further, emodin reduced systemic inflammation, most notably the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood and reduced pro-tumoral M2 macrophages in the primary tumor and the lungs. Consistently, we show that emodin reduces gene expression of select macrophage markers and associated cytokines in the primary tumor and lungs of wounded mice. Overall, we demonstrate that emodin is beneficial in mitigating surgical wounding accelerated lung metastasis in a model of triple-negative BC, which appears to be mediated, at least in part, by its actions on macrophages. These data support the development of emodin as a safe, low-cost, and effective agent to be used perioperatively to alleviate the surgery triggered inflammatory response and consequential metastasis of BC to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra J. McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Brooke M. Bullard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Brandon N. VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Thomas D. Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
- AcePre, LLCColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
- AcePre, LLCColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
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Adinolfi E, De Marchi E, Grignolo M, Szymczak B, Pegoraro A. The P2X7 Receptor in Oncogenesis and Metastatic Dissemination: New Insights on Vesicular Release and Adenosinergic Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13906. [PMID: 37762206 PMCID: PMC10531279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor niche is an environment rich in extracellular ATP (eATP) where purinergic receptors have essential roles in different cell subtypes, including cancer, immune, and stromal cells. Here, we give an overview of recent discoveries regarding the role of probably the best-characterized purinergic receptor in the tumor microenvironment: P2X7. We cover the activities of the P2X7 receptor and its human splice variants in solid and liquid cancer proliferation, dissemination, and crosstalk with immune and endothelial cells. Particular attention is paid to the P2X7-dependent release of microvesicles and exosomes, their content, including ATP and miRNAs, and, in general, P2X7-activated mechanisms favoring metastatic spread and niche conditioning. Moreover, the emerging role of P2X7 in influencing the adenosinergic axis, formed by the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 and the adenosine receptor A2A in cancer, is analyzed. Finally, we cover how antitumor therapy responses can be influenced by or can change P2X7 expression and function. This converging evidence suggests that P2X7 is an attractive therapeutic target for oncological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Adinolfi
- Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.D.M.); (M.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Elena De Marchi
- Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.D.M.); (M.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Marianna Grignolo
- Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.D.M.); (M.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Bartosz Szymczak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Anna Pegoraro
- Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.D.M.); (M.G.); (A.P.)
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9
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Wu YY, Wang Q, Zhang PA, Zhu C, Xu GY. miR-1306-3p directly activates P2X3 receptors in primary sensory neurons to induce visceral pain in rats. Pain 2023; 164:1555-1565. [PMID: 36633528 PMCID: PMC10281022 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mounting evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in various pathophysiological conditions and diseases, but the physiological roles of extracellular miRNAs on the disease-related ion channels remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that miR-1306-3p evoked action potentials and induced inward currents of the acutely isolated rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The miR-1306-3p-induced effects were significantly inhibited by A317491, a potent inhibitor of the P2X3 receptor (P2X3R), or disappeared after the knockdown of P2X3Rs in DRG neurons. We further identified R180, K315, and R52 as the miR-1306-3p interaction sites on the extracellular domain of P2X3Rs, which were distinct from the orthosteric ATP-binding sites. Intrathecal injection of miR-1306-3p produced visceral pain but not somatic pain in normal control rats. Conversely, intrathecal application of a miR-1306-3p antagomir and A317491 significantly alleviated visceral pain in a rat model of chronic visceral pain. Together, our findings suggest that miR-1306-3p might function as an endogenous ligand to activate P2X3Rs, eventually leading to chronic visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ping-An Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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10
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Rupert M, Bhattacharya A, Sivcev S, Knezu M, Cimicka J, Zemkova H. Identification of residues in the first transmembrane domain of the P2X7 that regulates receptor trafficking, sensitization, and dye uptake function. J Neurochem 2023; 165:874-891. [PMID: 36945903 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
P2X receptors (P2X1-7) are trimeric ion channels activated by extracellular ATP. Each P2X subunit contains two transmembrane helices (TM1 and TM2). We substituted all residues in TM1 of rat P2X7 with alanine or leucine one by one, expressed mutants in HEK293T cells, and examined the pore permeability by recording both membrane currents and fluorescent dye uptake in response to agonist application. Alanine substitution of G27, K30, H34, Y40, F43, L45, M46, and D48 inhibited agonist-stimulated membrane current and dye uptake, and all but one substitution, D48A, prevented surface expression. Mutation V41A partially reduced both membrane current and dye uptake, while W31A and A44L showed reduced dye uptake not accompanied by reduced membrane current. Mutations T28A, I29A, and L33A showed small changes in agonist sensitivity, but they had no or small impact on dye uptake function. Replacing charged residues with residues of the same charge (K30R, H34K, and D48E) rescued receptor function, while replacement with residues of opposite charge inhibited (K30E and H34E) or potentiated (D48K) receptor function. Prolonged stimulation with agonist-induced current facilitation and a leftward shift in the dose-response curve in the P2X7 wild-type and most functional mutants, but sensitization was absent in the W31A, L33A, and A44L. Detailed analysis of the decay of responses revealed two kinetically distinct mechanisms of P2X7 deactivation: fast represents agonist unbinding, and slow might represent resetting of the receptor to the resting closed state. These results indicate that conserved and receptor-specific TM1 residues control surface expression of the P2X7 protein, non-polar residues control receptor sensitization, and D48 regulates intrinsic channel properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Rupert
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anirban Bhattacharya
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sonja Sivcev
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Knezu
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Cimicka
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Zemkova
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Sluyter R, Adriouch S, Fuller SJ, Nicke A, Sophocleous RA, Watson D. Animal Models for the Investigation of P2X7 Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098225. [PMID: 37175933 PMCID: PMC10179175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor is a trimeric ligand-gated cation channel activated by extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate. The study of animals has greatly advanced the investigation of P2X7 and helped to establish the numerous physiological and pathophysiological roles of this receptor in human health and disease. Following a short overview of the P2X7 distribution, roles and functional properties, this article discusses how animal models have contributed to the generation of P2X7-specific antibodies and nanobodies (including biologics), recombinant receptors and radioligands to study P2X7 as well as to the pharmacokinetic testing of P2X7 antagonists. This article then outlines how mouse and rat models have been used to study P2X7. These sections include discussions on preclinical disease models, polymorphic P2X7 variants, P2X7 knockout mice (including bone marrow chimeras and conditional knockouts), P2X7 reporter mice, humanized P2X7 mice and P2X7 knockout rats. Finally, this article reviews the limited number of studies involving guinea pigs, rabbits, monkeys (rhesus macaques), dogs, cats, zebrafish, and other fish species (seabream, ayu sweetfish, rainbow trout and Japanese flounder) to study P2X7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Sluyter
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- UniRouen, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, and Immunotherapy, (PANTHER), Univ Rouen Normandie, University of Rouen, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Stephen J Fuller
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Reece A Sophocleous
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Debbie Watson
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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12
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Han Y, Bai C, He XM, Ren QL. P2X7 receptor involved in antitumor activity of atractylenolide I in human cervical cancer cells. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:145-153. [PMID: 35235139 PMCID: PMC9984620 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylenolide I (Atr-I) was found to sensitize a variety of human cancer cells in previous studies. Purinergic P2X7R plays important role in different cancers. However, whether Atr-I could generate antitumor activity in human cervical cancer cells and P2X7R get involved in this effect remain unclear. In this study, Hela (HPV 18 +) and SiHa (HPV 16 +) cells were treated with different doses of Atr-I. The results indicated that agonist and antagonist of P2X7 receptors, BzATP and JNJ-47965567 (JNJ), could suppress the proliferation of Hela and SiHa cells. Atr-I demonstrated a considerable antitumor effect in both human cervical cancer cells in vitro. Atr-I combined with P2X7R agonist, BzATP, restored Atr-I-induced growth inhibition in Hela cells but not in SiHa cells. However, the combinatorial treatment of P2X7R antagonist JNJ and Atr-I has an additive effect on cell growth inhibition in SiHa cells rather than in Hela cells. It implied that P2X7R would get involved in the anti-human cervical cancer cells effect of Atr-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Can Bai
- Acupuncture & Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Xi-Meng He
- Acupuncture & Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Qing-Ling Ren
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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13
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Tang Y, Qiao C, Li Q, Zhu X, Zhao R, Peng X. Research Progress in the Relationship Between P2X7R and Cervical Cancer. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:823-834. [PMID: 35799022 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common and serious tumors in women. Finding new biomarkers and therapeutic targets plays an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cervical cancer. Purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) is a purine ligand cation channel, activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Studies have shown that P2X7R plays an important role in a variety of diseases and cancers. More and more studies have shown that P2X7R is also closely related to cervical cancer; therefore, the role of P2X7R in the development of cervical cancer deserves further discussion. The expression level of P2X7R in uterine epithelial cancer tissues was lower than that of the corresponding normal tissues. P2X7R plays an important role in the apoptotic process of cervical cancer through various mechanisms of action, and both antagonists and agonists of P2X7R can inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells, while P2X7R is involved in the antitumor effect of Atr-I on cervical cancer cells. This review evaluates the current role of P2X7R in cervical cancer in order to develop more specific therapies for cervical cancer. In conclusion, P2X7R may become a biomarker for cervical cancer screening, and even a new target for clinical treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Tang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Qiao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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14
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Cao Y, Chen E, Wang X, Song J, Zhang H, Chen X. An emerging master inducer and regulator for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis: extracellular and intracellular ATP and its molecular functions and therapeutic potential. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:20. [PMID: 36750864 PMCID: PMC9903449 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, metastasis remains the major cause of cancer-related death and scientific challenge. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in cancer invasion and progression, a process by which tumor cells lose cell-cell adhesion and acquire increased invasiveness and metastatic activity. Recent work has uncovered some crucial roles of extracellular adenosine 5'- triphosphate (eATP), a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), in promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Intratumoral extracellular ATP (eATP), at levels of 100-700 µM, is 103-104 times higher than in normal tissues. In the current literature, eATP's function in promoting metastasis has been relatively poorly understood as compared with intracellular ATP (iATP). Recent evidence has shown that cancer cells internalize eATP via macropinocytosis in vitro and in vivo, promoting cell growth and survival, drug resistance, and metastasis. Furthermore, ATP acts as a messenger molecule that activates P2 purinergic receptors expressed on both tumor and host cells, stimulating downstream signaling pathways to enhance the invasive and metastatic properties of tumor cells. Here, we review recent progress in understanding eATP's role in each step of the metastatic cascade, including initiating invasion, inducing EMT, overcoming anoikis, facilitating intravasation, circulation, and extravasation, and eventually establishing metastatic colonization. Collectively, these studies reveal eATP's important functions in many steps of metastasis and identify new opportunities for developing more effective therapeutic strategies to target ATP-associated processes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Cao
- grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Eileen Chen
- grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701 USA
| | - Xuan Wang
- grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Jingwen Song
- grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA ,grid.20627.310000 0001 0668 7841The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA. .,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA. .,Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
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15
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Kaur J, Dora S. Purinergic signaling: Diverse effects and therapeutic potential in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1058371. [PMID: 36741002 PMCID: PMC9889871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1058371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regardless of improved biological insights and therapeutic advances, cancer is consuming multiple lives worldwide. Cancer is a complex disease with diverse cellular, metabolic, and physiological parameters as its hallmarks. This instigates a need to uncover the latest therapeutic targets to advance the treatment of cancer patients. Purines are building blocks of nucleic acids but also function as metabolic intermediates and messengers, as part of a signaling pathway known as purinergic signaling. Purinergic signaling comprises primarily adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (ADO), their analogous membrane receptors, and a set of ectonucleotidases, and has both short- and long-term (trophic) effects. Cells release ATP and ADO to modulate cellular function in an autocrine or paracrine manner by activating membrane-localized purinergic receptors (purinoceptors, P1 and P2). P1 receptors are selective for ADO and have four recognized subtypes-A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Purines and pyrimidines activate P2 receptors, and the P2X subtype is ligand-gated ion channel receptors. P2X has seven subtypes (P2X1-7) and forms homo- and heterotrimers. The P2Y subtype is a G protein-coupled receptor with eight subtypes (P2Y1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14). ATP, its derivatives, and purinoceptors are widely distributed in all cell types for cellular communication, and any imbalance compromises the homeostasis of the cell. Neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and secretion employ fast purinergic signaling, while trophic purinergic signaling regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, and immune response during tumor progression. Thus, purinergic signaling is a prospective therapeutic target in cancer and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanchit Dora
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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16
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Wu P, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Zhou G, Wu X, Wen Q. Emerging roles of the P2X7 receptor in cancer pain. Purinergic Signal 2022:10.1007/s11302-022-09902-1. [DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCancer pain is the most prevalent symptom experienced by cancer patients. It substantially impacts a patient’s long-term physical and emotional health, making it a pressing issue that must be addressed. Purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R) is a widely distributed and potent non-selective ATP-gated ion channel that regulates tumor proliferation, chronic pain, and the formation of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system. P2X7R plays an essential role in cancer pain and complications related to cancer pain including depression and opioid tolerance. This review focuses on the structure and distribution of P2X7R, its role in diverse tissues in cancer pain, and the application of P2X7R antagonists in the treatment of cancer pain to propose new ideas for cancer pain management.
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17
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Sharifi-Rad J, Herrera-Bravo J, Kamiloglu S, Petroni K, Mishra AP, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Sureda A, Martorell M, Aidarbekovna DS, Yessimsiitova Z, Ydyrys A, Hano C, Calina D, Cho WC. Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of emodin for human health. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113555. [PMID: 36027610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is a bioactive compound, a natural anthraquinone aglycone, present mainly in herbaceous species of the families Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae, with a physiological role in protection against abiotic stress in vegetative tissues. Emodin is mainly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat sore throats, carbuncles, sores, blood stasis, and damp-heat jaundice. Pharmacological research in the last decade has revealed other potential therapeutic applications such as anticancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The present study aimed to summarize recent studies on bioavailability, preclinical pharmacological effects with evidence of molecular mechanisms, clinical trials and clinical pitfalls, respectively the therapeutic limitations of emodin. For this purpose, extensive searches were performed using the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google scholar, TRIP database, Springer link, Wiley and SciFinder databases as a search engines. The in vitro and in vivo studies included in this updated review highlighted the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of emodin. Because its bioavailability is low, there are limitations in clinical therapeutic use. In conclusion, for an increase in pharmacotherapeutic efficacy, future studies with carrier molecules to the target, thus opening up new therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Senem Kamiloglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey; Science and Technology Application and Research Center (BITUAM), Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Katia Petroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H.N.B. Garhwal (A Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India.
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University Research Institute of Health and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University Research Institute of Health and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile.
| | - Dossymbetova Symbat Aidarbekovna
- Almaty Tecnological University, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty 050012, str. Tole bi 100, Str. Torekulova 71, Kazakhstan.
| | - Zura Yessimsiitova
- Department of Biodiversity and Bioresource, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi av. 71, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Alibek Ydyrys
- Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi av. 71, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Christophe Hano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Orleans, Eure et Loir Campus, 28000 Chartres, France.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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18
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Ferrari D, Gessi S, Merighi S, Nigro M, Travagli A, Burns JS. Potentiating Cancer Immune Therapy via Nanomaterials and Purinergic Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:893709. [PMID: 35602602 PMCID: PMC9114640 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.893709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Merighi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuela Nigro
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Travagli
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jorge S. Burns
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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19
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Sougiannis AT, VanderVeen B, Chatzistamou I, Kubinak JL, Nagarkatti M, Fan D, Murphy EA. Emodin reduces tumor burden by diminishing M2-like macrophages in colorectal cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G383-G395. [PMID: 35018819 PMCID: PMC8897011 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00303.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Emodin, a natural anthraquinone, has been shown to have antitumorigenic properties and may be an effective therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its clinical development has been hampered by a poor understanding of its mechanism of action. The purpose of this study was to 1) evaluate the efficacy of emodin in mouse models of intestinal/colorectal cancer and 2) to examine the impact of emodin on macrophage behavior in the context of CRC. We used a genetic model of intestinal cancer (ApcMin/+) and a chemically induced model of CRC [azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)]. Emodin was administered orally (40 or 80 mg/kg in AOM/DSS and 80 mg/kg in ApcMin/+) three times a week to observe its preventative effects. Emodin reduced polyp count and size in both rodent models (P < 0.05). We further analyzed the colon microenvironment of AOM/DSS mice and found that mice treated with emodin exhibited lower protumorigenic M2-like macrophages and a reduced ratio of M2/M1 macrophages within the colon (P < 0.05). Despite this, we did not detect any significant changes in M2-associated cytokines (IL10, IL4, and Tgfb1) nor M1-associated cytokines (IL6, TNFα, IL1β, and IFNγ) within excised polyps. However, there was a significant increase in NOS2 expression (M1 marker) in mice treated with 80 mg/kg emodin (P < 0.05). To confirm emodin's effects on macrophages, we exposed bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to C26 colon cancer cell conditioned media. Supporting our in vivo data, emodin reduced M2-like macrophages. Overall, these data support the development of emodin as a natural compound for prevention of CRC given its ability to target protumor macrophages.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study confirms that emodin is an effective primary therapy against the onset of genetic and chemically induced sporadic colorectal cancer. We established that emodin reduces the M2-like protumorigenic macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we provide evidence that emodin may be acting to antagonize the P2X7 receptor within the bone tissue and consequently decrease the activation of proinflammatory cells, which may have implications for recruitment of cells to the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Sougiannis
- 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina,4College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Brandon VanderVeen
- 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina,3AcePre, LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Jason L. Kubinak
- 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Daping Fan
- 2Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina,3AcePre, LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina,3AcePre, LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
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20
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Wang J, Li D, Zhao B, Kim J, Sui G, Shi J. Small Molecule Compounds of Natural Origin Target Cellular Receptors to Inhibit Cancer Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052672. [PMID: 35269825 PMCID: PMC8911024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors are macromolecules that transmit information regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, play key roles in oncogenic processes and correlate with the prognoses of cancer patients. Thus, targeting receptors to constrain cancer development and progression has gained widespread interest. Small molecule compounds of natural origin have been widely used as drugs or adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapies due to their activities of selectively killing cancer cells, alleviating drug resistance and mitigating side effects. Meanwhile, many natural compounds, including those targeting receptors, are still under laboratory investigation for their anti-cancer activities and mechanisms. In this review, we classify the receptors by their structures and functions, illustrate the natural compounds targeting these receptors and discuss the mechanisms of their anti-cancer activities. We aim to provide primary knowledge of mechanistic regulation and clinical applications of cancer therapies through targeting deregulated receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guangchao Sui
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-451-82191081 (G.S. & J.S.)
| | - Jinming Shi
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-451-82191081 (G.S. & J.S.)
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21
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Rotondo JC, Mazziotta C, Lanzillotti C, Stefani C, Badiale G, Campione G, Martini F, Tognon M. The Role of Purinergic P2X7 Receptor in Inflammation and Cancer: Novel Molecular Insights and Clinical Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1116. [PMID: 35267424 PMCID: PMC8909580 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a transmembrane protein whose expression has been related to a variety of cellular processes, while its dysregulation has been linked to inflammation and cancer. P2X7R is expressed in cancer and immune system cell surfaces. ATP plays a key role in numerous metabolic processes due to its abundance in the tumour microenvironment. P2X7R plays an important role in cancer by interacting with ATP. The unusual property of P2X7R is that stimulation with low doses of ATP causes the opening of a permeable channel for sodium, potassium, and calcium ions, whereas sustained stimulation with high doses of ATP favours the formation of a non-selective pore. The latter effect induces a change in intracellular homeostasis that leads to cell death. This evidence suggests that P2X7R has both pro- and anti-tumour proprieties. P2X7R is increasingly recognised as a regulator of inflammation. In this review, we aimed to describe the most relevant characteristics of P2X7R function, activation, and its ligands, while also summarising the role of P2X7R activation in the context of inflammation and cancer. The currently used therapeutic approaches and clinical trials of P2X7R modulators are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Charles Rotondo
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carmen Lanzillotti
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Stefani
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Giada Badiale
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Giulia Campione
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
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De Marchi E, Pegoraro A, Adinolfi E. Administration of P2X7 Receptor Blockers in Oncological Experimental Models. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2510:303-314. [PMID: 35776333 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2384-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is rich in components that strongly influence cancer cell survival. One of the pivotal molecules present at the tumor bed is ATP, which has an essential role in promoting cancer proliferation and metastasis and immune responses via its receptor P2X7. Several studies have proved the efficacy of P2X7 pharmacological blockade in inhibiting primary and metastatic tumor growth in preclinical models. Here we describe the experimental procedures that we optimized to test P2X7 roles in carcinogenesis by antagonist administration. Special attention is paid to their concentrations and routes of administration. The depicted in vitro models include cell count and viability assays, which are useful to test P2X7 roles in cell proliferation and vitality, and the soft agar colony formation test that allows investigation of the transforming and invading abilities of tumor cells. We also describe systemic and intramass administration of P2X7 blockers in murine models of melanoma and leukemia. Both xenotransplant and syngeneic experimental tumor models are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Marchi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Pegoraro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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23
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P2X4 Receptors Mediate Ca 2+ Release from Lysosomes in Response to Stimulation of P2X7 and H 1 Histamine Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910492. [PMID: 34638832 PMCID: PMC8508626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The P2X4 purinergic receptor is targeted to endolysosomes, where it mediates an inward current dependent on luminal ATP and pH. Activation of P2X4 receptors was previously shown to trigger lysosome fusion, but the regulation of P2X4 receptors and their role in lysosomal Ca2+ signaling are poorly understood. We show that lysosomal P2X4 receptors are activated downstream of plasma membrane P2X7 and H1 histamine receptor stimulation. When P2X4 receptors are expressed, the increase in near-lysosome cytosolic [Ca2+] is exaggerated, as detected with a low-affinity targeted Ca2+ sensor. P2X4-dependent changes in lysosome properties were triggered downstream of P2X7 receptor activation, including an enlargement of lysosomes indicative of homotypic fusion and a redistribution of lysosomes towards the periphery of the cell. Lysosomal P2X4 receptors, therefore, have a role in regulating lysosomal Ca2+ release and the regulation of lysosomal membrane trafficking.
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To inhibit or to boost the ATP/P2RX7 pathway to fight cancer-that is the question. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:619-631. [PMID: 34347213 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite new biological insights and recent therapeutic advances, many tumors remain at baseline during treatments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new therapeutic strategies to improve the care of patients with solid tumors. P2RX7 receptor (P2XR7), an ATP-gated ion channel characterized by its ability to form large pore within the cell membrane, is described by most of the investigators as a "chef d'orchestre" of the antitumor immune response. The purpose of this review is to detail the recent information concerning different cellular mechanisms linking P2RX7 to hallmarks of cancer and to discuss different progresses in elucidating how activation of the ATP/P2RX7/NLRP3/IL-18 pathway is a very promising approach to fight cancer progression by increasing antitumor immune responses.
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25
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Ai X, Dong X, Guo Y, Yang P, Hou Y, Bai J, Zhang S, Wang X. Targeting P2 receptors in purinergic signaling: a new strategy of active ingredients in traditional Chinese herbals for diseases treatment. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:229-240. [PMID: 33751327 PMCID: PMC8155138 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its metabolites adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate, and adenosine in purinergic signaling pathway play important roles in many diseases. Activation of P2 receptors (P2R) channels and subsequent membrane depolarization can induce accumulation of extracellular ATP, and furtherly cause kinds of diseases, such as pain- and immune-related diseases, cardiac dysfunction, and tumorigenesis. Active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbals which exhibit superior pharmacological activities on diversified P2R channels have been considered as an alternative strategy of disease treatment. Experimental evidence of potential ingredients in Chinese herbs targeting P2R and their pharmacological activities were outlined in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Ai
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Dong
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hou
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sanyin Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- Chengdu Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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26
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Drill M, Jones NC, Hunn M, O'Brien TJ, Monif M. Antagonism of the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor: a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:215-227. [PMID: 33728582 PMCID: PMC8155177 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09776-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The P2X receptor 7 (P2X7R) is a plasma membrane receptor sensing extracellular ATP associated with a wide variety of cellular functions. It is most commonly expressed on immune cells and is highly upregulated in a number of human cancers where it can play a trophic role in tumorigenesis. Activation of this receptor leads to the formation of a non-selective cation channel, which has been associated with several cellular functions mediated by the PI3K/Akt pathway and protein kinases. Due to its broad range of functions, the receptor represents a potential therapeutic target for a number of cancers. This review describes the range of mechanisms associated with P2X7R activation in cancer settings and highlights the potential of targeted inhibition of P2X7R as a therapy. It also describes in detail a number of key P2X7R antagonists currently in pre-clinical and clinical development, including oxidised ATP, Brilliant Blue G (BBG), KN-62, KN-04, A740003, A438079, GSK1482160, CE-224535, JNJ-54175446, JNJ-55308942, and AZ10606120. Lastly, it summarises the in vivo studies and clinical trials associated with the use and development of these P2X7R antagonists in different disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Drill
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Melbourne University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin Hunn
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mastura Monif
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Physiology, Melbourne University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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27
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Is Emodin with Anticancer Effects Completely Innocent? Two Sides of the Coin. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112733. [PMID: 34073059 PMCID: PMC8198870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many anticancer active compounds are known to have the capacity to destroy pathologically proliferating cancer cells in the body, as well as to destroy rapidly proliferating normal cells. Despite remarkable advances in cancer research over the past few decades, the inclusion of natural compounds in researches as potential drug candidates is becoming increasingly important. However, the perception that the natural is reliable is an issue that needs to be clarified. Among the various chemical classes of natural products, anthraquinones have many biological activities and have also been proven to exhibit a unique anticancer activity. Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative, is a natural compound found in the roots and rhizomes of many plants. The anticancer property of emodin, a broad-spectrum inhibitory agent of cancer cells, has been detailed in many biological pathways. In cancer cells, these molecular mechanisms consist of suppressing cell growth and proliferation through the attenuation of oncogenic growth signaling, such as protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), HER-2 tyrosine kinase, Wnt/-catenin, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). However, it is known that emodin, which shows toxicity to cancer cells, may cause kidney toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity especially at high doses and long-term use. At the same time, studies of emodin, which has poor oral bioavailability, to transform this disadvantage into an advantage with nano-carrier systems reveal that natural compounds are not always directly usable compounds. Consequently, this review aimed to shed light on the anti-proliferative and anti-carcinogenic properties of emodin, as well as its potential toxicities and the advantages of drug delivery systems on bioavailability.
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28
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Xia Y, Chen R, Lu G, Li C, Lian S, Kang TW, Jung YD. Natural Phytochemicals in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:652033. [PMID: 33996570 PMCID: PMC8120318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.652033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are natural small-molecule compounds derived from plants that have attracted attention for their anticancer activities. Some phytochemicals have been developed as first-line anticancer drugs, such as paclitaxel and vincristine. In addition, several phytochemicals show good tumor suppression functions in various cancer types. Bladder cancer is a malignant tumor of the urinary system. To date, few specific phytochemicals have been used for bladder cancer therapy, although many have been studied in bladder cancer cells and mouse models. Therefore, it is important to collate and summarize the available information on the role of phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of bladder cancer. In this review, we summarize the effects of several phytochemicals including flavonoids, steroids, nitrogen compounds, and aromatic substances with anticancer properties and classify the mechanism of action of phytochemicals in bladder cancer. This review will contribute to facilitating the development of new anticancer drugs and strategies for the treatment of bladder cancer using phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruijiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Guangzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Changlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taek-Won Kang
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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29
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Soundarapandian S, Alexander A, Sumohan Pillai A, Enoch IVMV, Yousuf S. Molecular encapsulation of berberine and ethidium bromide in anthraquinonecarboxamido-β-cyclodextrin conjugate: supramolecular association with DNA duplex and G-quadruplexes. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 40:542-558. [PMID: 33823737 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1907591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplex DNA in recognized as a potential target for anti-cancer drugs. In this work, an anthraquinonecarboxamido derivative of β-cyclodextrin (AQCC) is synthesized as a novel DNA binder that further can deliver an additional molecule at the target, carrying it in the cavity of modified cyclodextrin. The binding of AQCC with ethidium bromide (EtBr), berberine (Ber), duplex calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA), quadruplexes (G4) viz., kit22, myc22, and telo24 are studied. The compound acts as a host molecule for the encapsulation of DNA binders viz., EtBr, Ber and enhances their fluorescence due to the encapsulation in its AQCC's cyclodextrin cavity. The binding constant of the host: guest complex of EtBr and Ber with AQCC's cavity are 6.4 × 105 and 3.3 × 106 mol-1 dm3, respectively. The proximity of the protons of the guest and host molecules is confirmed by two-dimensional rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (2D ROESY). The conjugate displays a quenching of fluorescence selectively on the association with CT-DNA and quadruplex kit22 that is contrast to the spectral behavior with quadruplex myc22 and telo24. CT-DNA exhibits dissimilar fluorescence spectra in free- and EtBr-bound forms. In addition, kit22 exhibit dissimilar emission profile when AQCC encapsulates Ber. Therefore, the Ber-loaded complexes and the AQCC molecule bind to different G-quadruplexes with different binding strengths. In addition, the effect of Ber in binding to the target DNAs is pronounces since the Ber molecule has more affinity to bind to quadruplexes than the duplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganthi Soundarapandian
- Department of Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aleyamma Alexander
- Centre for Nanoscience & Genomics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Archana Sumohan Pillai
- Centre for Nanoscience & Genomics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Israel V M V Enoch
- Centre for Nanoscience & Genomics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sameena Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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30
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Tabana Y, Okoye IS, Siraki A, Elahi S, Barakat KH. Tackling Immune Targets for Breast Cancer: Beyond PD-1/PD-L1 Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628138. [PMID: 33747948 PMCID: PMC7973280 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of breast cancer is imposing a huge global problem. Drug discovery research and novel approaches to treat breast cancer have been carried out extensively over the last decades. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors are showing promising preclinical and clinical results in treating breast cancer, they are facing multiple limitations. From an immunological perspective, a recent report highlighted breast cancer as an "inflamed tumor" with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Consequently, researchers have been focusing on identifying novel immunological targets that can tune up the tumor immune microenvironment. In this context, several novel non-classical immune targets have been targeted to determine their ability to uncouple immunoregulatory pathways at play in the tumor microenvironment. This article will highlight strategies designed to increase the immunogenicity of the breast tumor microenvironment. It also addresses the latest studies on targets which can enhance immune responses to breast cancer and discusses examples of preclinical and clinical trial landscapes that utilize these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Tabana
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Isobel S. Okoye
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Arno Siraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Khaled H. Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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31
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Zefferino R, Piccoli C, Di Gioia S, Capitanio N, Conese M. How Cells Communicate with Each Other in the Tumor Microenvironment: Suggestions to Design Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052550. [PMID: 33806300 PMCID: PMC7961918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexin- and pannexin (Panx)-formed hemichannels (HCs) and gap junctions (GJs) operate an interaction with the extracellular matrix and GJ intercellular communication (GJIC), and on account of this they are involved in cancer onset and progression towards invasiveness and metastatization. When we deal with cancer, it is not correct to omit the immune system, as well as neglecting its role in resisting or succumbing to formation and progression of incipient neoplasia until the formation of micrometastasis, nevertheless what really occurs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are the main players and which are the tumor or body allies, is still unclear. The goal of this article is to discuss how the pivotal players act, which can enhance or contrast cancer progression during two important process: "Activating Invasion and Metastasis" and the "Avoiding Immune Destruction", with a particular emphasis on the interplay among GJIC, Panx-HCs, and the purinergic system in the TME without disregarding the inflammasome and cytokines thereof derived. In particular, the complex and contrasting roles of Panx1/P2X7R signalosome in tumor facilitation and/or inhibition is discussed in regard to the early/late phases of the carcinogenesis. Finally, considering this complex interplay in the TME between cancer cells, stromal cells, immune cells, and focusing on their means of communication, we should be capable of revealing harmful messages that help the cancer growth and transform them in body allies, thus designing novel therapeutic strategies to fight cancer in a personalized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Zefferino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0881-884673
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (N.C.)
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (N.C.)
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
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Li Z, Zhou X, Zhu H, Song X, Gao H, Niu Z, Lu J. Purpurin binding interacts with LHPP protein that inhibits PI3K/AKT phosphorylation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells HCT-116. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22665. [PMID: 33368780 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading type of diagnosed cancer; globally, it resides in the fourth-leading origin of cancer-interrelated mortality in the globe. The treatment strategies were chemotherapy and potent radiotherapy. Although chemotherapy treatment can eliminate tumor cells, it remains with unnecessary toxic effects in cancer patients. Therefore, the identification of natural-based compounds, which have selectively inhibiting target proteins with limited toxicity that can facilitate the therapeutic approaches against CRC. In this existing approach, which highlights the binding efficacy of our anthraquinone compound, purpurin against phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP) protein restrains the CRC cell growth by inhibiting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis signaling. Primarily, purpurin (36 μM) exposed to HCT-116 cells and incubated for 24 and 48 h could induce reactive oxygen species production, subsequently alter mitochondrion membrane, and increase the apoptotic cells in HCT-116. LHPP, a kind of histidine phosphatase protein, has been considered as a tumor suppressor in numerous carcinomas. However, purpurin-mediated LHPP proteins and its associated molecular events in CRC remain unclear. In our docking studies revealed that purpurin has been strongly interacts with LHPP via hydrophobic and hydrophilic binding interaction. Western blot results confirmed that purpurin enhances the expression of LHPP protein, thereby inhibits the expression of phosphorylated-PI3K/AKT, EGFR, cyclin-D1, PCNA in HCT-116 cells. Moreover, purpurin induces messenger RNA expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, CASP-9, and CASP-3) in HCT-116 cells. Thus, we conclude that purpurin could be a natural and useful compound, which inhibits the growth of CRC cells through the activation of LHPP proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huaqiang Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xie Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zheyu Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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Sougiannis AT, Enos RT, VanderVeen BN, Velazquez KT, Kelly B, McDonald S, Cotham W, Chatzistamou I, Nagarkatti M, Fan D, Murphy EA. Safety of natural anthraquinone emodin: an assessment in mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:9. [PMID: 33509280 PMCID: PMC7845031 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emodin, a natural anthraquinone, has shown potential as an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of many diseases including cancer. However, its clinical development is hindered by uncertainties surrounding its potential toxicity. The primary purpose of this study was to uncover any potential toxic properties of emodin in mice at doses that have been shown to have efficacy in our cancer studies. In addition, we sought to assess the time course of emodin clearance when administered both intraperitoneally (I.P.) and orally (P.O.) in order to begin to establish effective dosing intervals. METHODS We performed a subchronic (12 week) toxicity study using 3 different doses of emodin (~ 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg) infused into the AIN-76A diet of male and female C57BL/6 mice (n = 5/group/sex). Body weight and composition were assessed following the 12-week feeding regime. Tissues were harvested and assessed for gross pathological changes and blood was collected for a complete blood count and evaluation of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and creatinine. For the pharmacokinetic study, emodin was delivered intraperitoneally I.P. or P.O. at 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg doses to male and female mice (n = 4/group/sex/time-point) and circulating levels of emodin were determined at 1, 4 and 12 h following administration via liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. RESULTS We found that 12 weeks of low (20 mg/kg), medium (40 mg/kg), or high (80 mg/kg) emodin feeding did not cause pathophysiological perturbations in major organs. We also found that glucuronidated emodin peaks at 1 h for both I.P. and P.O. administered emodin and is eliminated by 12 h. Interestingly, female mice appear to metabolize emodin at a faster rate than male mice as evidenced by greater levels of glucuronidated emodin at the 1 h time-point (40 mg/kg for both I.P. and P.O. and 20 mg/kg I.P.) and the 4-h time-point (20 mg/kg I.P.). CONCLUSIONS In summary, our studies establish that 1) emodin is safe for use in both male and female mice when given at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg doses for 12 weeks and 2) sex differences should be considered when establishing dosing intervals for emodin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Sougiannis
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Reilly T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Brandon N VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Kandy T Velazquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Brittany Kelly
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Sierra McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - William Cotham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
- AcePre, LLC, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC, 29209, USA.
- AcePre, LLC, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA.
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Zhu X, Li Q, Song W, Peng X, Zhao R. P2X7 receptor: a critical regulator and potential target for breast cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:349-358. [PMID: 33486566 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Advanced breast cancer is prone to metastasis, and there is currently no drug to cure metastatic breast cancer. The purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor is an ATP-gated nonselective cation channel receptor and is involved in signal transduction, growth regulation, cytokine secretion, and tumor cell development. Recent studies have shown that upregulation of the P2X7 receptor in breast cancer can mediate AKT signaling pathways, Ca2 þ-activated SK3 potassium channels, and EMT and regulate the secretion of small extracellular vesicles to promote breast cancer invasion and migration, which are affected by factors such as hypoxia and ATP. In addition, studies have shown that microRNAs can bind to the 3' untranslated region of the P2X7 receptor, which affects the occurrence and development of breast cancer by upregulating and downregulating P2X7 receptor expression. Studies have shown that new P2X7 receptor inhibitors, such as emodin and Uncaria tomentosa, can inhibit P2X7 receptor-mediated breast cancer invasion and are expected to be used clinically. This article reviews the research progress on the relationship between the P2X7 receptor and breast cancer to provide new ideas and a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zhu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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Pratt SJP, Hernández-Ochoa E, Martin SS. Calcium signaling: breast cancer's approach to manipulation of cellular circuitry. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:1343-1359. [PMID: 33569087 PMCID: PMC7755621 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is a versatile element that participates in cell signaling for a wide range of cell processes such as death, cell cycle, division, migration, invasion, metabolism, differentiation, autophagy, transcription, and others. Specificity of calcium in each of these processes is achieved through modulation of intracellular calcium concentrations by changing the characteristics (amplitude/frequency modulation) or location (spatial modulation) of the signal. Breast cancer utilizes calcium signaling as an advantage for survival and progression. This review integrates evidence showing that increases in expression of calcium channels, GPCRs, pumps, effectors, and enzymes, as well as resulting intracellular calcium signals, lead to high calcium and/or an elevated calcium- mobilizing capacity necessary for malignant functions such as migratory, invasive, proliferative, tumorigenic, or metastatic capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J P Pratt
- Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Bressler Research Building, Rm 10-020 D, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Erick Hernández-Ochoa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Stuart S Martin
- Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Bressler Research Building, Rm 10-020 D, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
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Yao M, Li J, He M, Ouyang H, Ruan L, Huang X, Rao Y, Yang S, Zhou X, Bai J. Investigation and identification of the multiple components of
Rheum officinale
Baill. using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry and data mining strategy. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:681-690. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Junmao Li
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen He
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Lulu Ruan
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Yifei Rao
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Shilin Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Jiqing Bai
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang P. R. China
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Zhang WJ, Hu CG, Luo HL, Zhu ZM. Activation of P2×7 Receptor Promotes the Invasion and Migration of Colon Cancer Cells via the STAT3 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:586555. [PMID: 33330466 PMCID: PMC7732635 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.586555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological mechanism of colon cancer is very complicated. Therefore, exploring the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of colon cancer and finding a new therapeutic target has become an urgent problem to be solved in the treatment of colon cancer. ATP plays an important role in regulating the progression of tumor cells. P2 × 7 belongs to ATP ion channel receptor, which is involved in the progression of tumors. In this study, we explored the effect and molecular mechanism of ATP-mediated P2 × 7 receptor on the migration and metastasis of colon cancer cells. The results showed that ATP and BzATP significantly increased the inward current and intracellular calcium concentration of LOVO and SW480 cells, while the use of antagonists (A438079 and AZD9056) could reverse the above phenomenon. We found that ATP promoted the migration and invasion of LOVO and SW480 cells and is dose-dependent on ATP concentration (100–300 μM). Similarly, BzATP (10, 50, and 100 μM) also significantly promoted the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. While P2 × 7 receptor antagonists [A438079 (10 μM), AZD9056 (10 μM)] or P2 × 7 siRNA could significantly inhibit ATP-induced colon cancer cell migration and invasion. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that ATP-induced activation of P2 × 7 receptor promoted the growth of tumors. Furthermore, P2 × 7 receptor activation down-regulated E-cadherin protein expression and up-regulated MMP-2 mRNA and concentration levels. Knocking down the expression of P2 × 7 receptor could significantly inhibit the increase in the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Zeb1, and Snail induced by ATP. In addition, ATP time-dependently induced the activation of STAT3 via the P2 × 7 receptor, and the STAT3 pathway was required for the ATP-mediated invasion and migration. Our conclusion is that ATP-induced P2 × 7 receptor activation promotes the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells, possibly via the activation of STAT3 pathway. Therefore, the P2 × 7 receptor may be a potential target for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ce-Gui Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong-Liang Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zheng-Ming Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Martínez-Cuesta MÁ, Blanch-Ruiz MA, Ortega-Luna R, Sánchez-López A, Álvarez Á. Structural and Functional Basis for Understanding the Biological Significance of P2X7 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228454. [PMID: 33182829 PMCID: PMC7696479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) possesses a unique structure associated to an as yet not fully understood mechanism of action that facilitates cell permeability to large ionic molecules through the receptor itself and/or nearby membrane proteins. High extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels—inexistent in physiological conditions—are required for the receptor to be triggered and contribute to its role in cell damage signaling. The inconsistent data on its activation pathways and the few studies performed in natively expressed human P2X7R have led us to review the structure, activation pathways, and specific cellular location of P2X7R in order to analyze its biological relevance. The ATP-gated P2X7R is a homo-trimeric receptor channel that is occasionally hetero-trimeric and highly polymorphic, with at least nine human splice variants. It is localized predominantly in the cellular membrane and has a characteristic plasticity due to an extended C-termini, which confers it the capacity of interacting with membrane structural compounds and/or intracellular signaling messengers to mediate flexible transduction pathways. Diverse drugs and a few endogenous molecules have been highlighted as extracellular allosteric modulators of P2X7R. Therefore, studies in human cells that constitutively express P2X7R need to investigate the precise endogenous mediator located nearby the activation/modulation domains of the receptor. Such research could help us understand the possible physiological ATP-mediated P2X7R homeostasis signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Martínez-Cuesta
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (A.S.-L.)
- CIBERehd, Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.M.-C.); (Á.Á.); Tel.: +34-963983716 (M.Á.M.-C.); +34-963864898 (Á.Á.)
| | - María Amparo Blanch-Ruiz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (A.S.-L.)
| | - Raquel Ortega-Luna
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (A.S.-L.)
| | - Ainhoa Sánchez-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (A.S.-L.)
| | - Ángeles Álvarez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (A.S.-L.)
- CIBERehd, Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.M.-C.); (Á.Á.); Tel.: +34-963983716 (M.Á.M.-C.); +34-963864898 (Á.Á.)
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Pacheco PAF, Diogo RT, Magalhães BQ, Faria RX. Plant natural products as source of new P2 receptors ligands. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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The P2X7 purinergic receptor: a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2731-2741. [PMID: 32892231 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a gated ion channel for which adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a ligand. Activated P2X7R is widely expressed in a variety of immune cells and tissues and is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Studies have confirmed that P2X7R is involved in the regulation of tumor cell growth, stimulating cell proliferation or inducing apoptosis. Recent studies have found that P2X7R is abnormally expressed in lung cancer and is closely related to the carcinogenesis and development of lung cancer. In this paper, we comprehensively describe the structure, function, and genetic polymorphisms of P2X7R. In particular, the role and therapeutic potential of P2X7R in lung cancer are discussed to provide new targets and new strategies for the treatment and prognosis of clinical lung cancer. METHODS The relevant literature on P2X7R and lung cancer from PubMed databases is reviewed in this article. RESULTS P2X7R regulates the function of lung cancer cells by activating multiple intracellular signaling pathways (such as the JNK, Rho, HMGB1 and EMT pathways), thereby affecting cell survival, growth, invasion, and metastasis and patient prognosis. Targeting P2X7R with inhibitors effectively suppresses the growth and metastasis of lung cancer cells. CONCLUSION In summary, P2X7R is expected to become a potential target for the treatment of lung cancer, and more clinical research is needed in the future to explore the effectiveness of P2X7R antagonists as treatments.
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Brisson L, Chadet S, Lopez-Charcas O, Jelassi B, Ternant D, Chamouton J, Lerondel S, Le Pape A, Couillin I, Gombault A, Trovero F, Chevalier S, Besson P, Jiang LH, Roger S. P2X7 Receptor Promotes Mouse Mammary Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Tumour Progression, and Is a Target for Anticancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092342. [PMID: 32825056 PMCID: PMC7565976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor is an ATP-gated cation channel with a still ambiguous role in cancer progression, proposed to be either pro- or anti-cancerous, depending on the cancer or cell type in the tumour. Its role in mammary cancer progression is not yet defined. Here, we show that P2X7 receptor is functional in highly aggressive mammary cancer cells, and induces a change in cell morphology with fast F-actin reorganization and formation of filopodia, and promotes cancer cell invasiveness through both 2- and 3-dimensional extracellular matrices in vitro. Furthermore, P2X7 receptor sustains Cdc42 activity and the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype. In an immunocompetent mouse mammary cancer model, we reveal that the expression of P2X7 receptor in cancer cells, but not in the host mice, promotes tumour growth and metastasis development, which were reduced by treatment with specific P2X7 antagonists. Our results demonstrate that P2X7 receptor drives mammary tumour progression and represents a pertinent target for mammary cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Brisson
- Inserm UMR1069-Nutrition, Growth and Cancer, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (L.B.); (J.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Stéphanie Chadet
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
| | - Osbaldo Lopez-Charcas
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
| | - Bilel Jelassi
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
| | - David Ternant
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
| | - Julie Chamouton
- Inserm UMR1069-Nutrition, Growth and Cancer, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (L.B.); (J.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Stéphanie Lerondel
- CNRS UPS44 TAAM, PHENOMIN, Centre d’Imagerie du Petit Animal, 45071 Orléans, France; (S.L.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Alain Le Pape
- CNRS UPS44 TAAM, PHENOMIN, Centre d’Imagerie du Petit Animal, 45071 Orléans, France; (S.L.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Isabelle Couillin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Immunology and Neurogenetics, UMR 7355, CNRS, University of Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France; (I.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Aurélie Gombault
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Immunology and Neurogenetics, UMR 7355, CNRS, University of Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France; (I.C.); (A.G.)
| | | | - Stéphan Chevalier
- Inserm UMR1069-Nutrition, Growth and Cancer, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (L.B.); (J.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Pierre Besson
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Sébastien Roger
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France; (S.C.); (O.L.-C.); (B.J.); (D.T.); (P.B.); (L.-H.J.)
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-2-47-36-61-30
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Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) has become a serious global health issue and a huge clinical challenge without available effective treatment. P2 receptors family is involved in pain transmission and represents a promising target for pharmacological intervention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) contains multiple components which are effective in targeting different pathological mechanisms involved in NP. Different from traditional analgesics, which target a single pathway, TCMs take the advantage of multiple components and multiple targets, and can significantly improve the efficacy of treatment and contribute to the prediction of the risks of NP. Compounds of TCM acting at nucleotide P2 receptors in neurons and glial cells could be considered as a potential research direction for moderating neuropathic pain. This review summarized the recently published data and highlighted several TCMs that relieved NP by acting at P2 receptors.
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Lara R, Adinolfi E, Harwood CA, Philpott M, Barden JA, Di Virgilio F, McNulty S. P2X7 in Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:793. [PMID: 32581786 PMCID: PMC7287489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 is a transmembrane receptor expressed in multiple cell types including neurons, dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, B and T cells where it can drive a wide range of physiological responses from pain transduction to immune response. Upon activation by its main ligand, extracellular ATP, P2X7 can form a nonselective channel for cations to enter the cell. Prolonged activation of P2X7, via high levels of extracellular ATP over an extended time period can lead to the formation of a macropore, leading to depolarization of the plasma membrane and ultimately to cell death. Thus, dependent on its activation state, P2X7 can either drive cell survival and proliferation, or induce cell death. In cancer, P2X7 has been shown to have a broad range of functions, including playing key roles in the development and spread of tumor cells. It is therefore unsurprising that P2X7 has been reported to be upregulated in several malignancies. Critically, ATP is present at high extracellular concentrations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) compared to levels observed in normal tissues. These high levels of ATP should present a survival challenge for cancer cells, potentially leading to constitutive receptor activation, prolonged macropore formation and ultimately to cell death. Therefore, to deliver the proven advantages for P2X7 in driving tumor survival and metastatic potential, the P2X7 macropore must be tightly controlled while retaining other functions. Studies have shown that commonly expressed P2X7 splice variants, distinct SNPs and post-translational receptor modifications can impair the capacity of P2X7 to open the macropore. These receptor modifications and potentially others may ultimately protect cancer cells from the negative consequences associated with constitutive activation of P2X7. Significantly, the effects of both P2X7 agonists and antagonists in preclinical tumor models of cancer demonstrate the potential for agents modifying P2X7 function, to provide innovative cancer therapies. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding of the structure and functions of P2X7 and how these impact P2X7 roles in cancer progression. We also review potential therapeutic approaches directed against P2X7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lara
- Biosceptre (UK) Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Philpott
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Bart's & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Stokes L, Bidula S, Bibič L, Allum E. To Inhibit or Enhance? Is There a Benefit to Positive Allosteric Modulation of P2X Receptors? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:627. [PMID: 32477120 PMCID: PMC7235284 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of ligand-gated ion channels known as P2X receptors were discovered several decades ago. Since the cloning of the seven P2X receptors (P2X1-P2X7), a huge research effort has elucidated their roles in regulating a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Transgenic animals have been influential in understanding which P2X receptors could be new therapeutic targets for disease. Furthermore, understanding how inherited mutations can increase susceptibility to disorders and diseases has advanced this knowledge base. There has been an emphasis on the discovery and development of pharmacological tools to help dissect the individual roles of P2X receptors and the pharmaceutical industry has been involved in pushing forward clinical development of several lead compounds. During the discovery phase, a number of positive allosteric modulators have been described for P2X receptors and these have been useful in assigning physiological roles to receptors. This review will consider the major physiological roles of P2X1-P2X7 and discuss whether enhancement of P2X receptor activity would offer any therapeutic benefit. We will review what is known about identified compounds acting as positive allosteric modulators and the recent identification of drug binding pockets for such modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Stokes
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Bidula
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Lučka Bibič
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Allum
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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Yang HM, Kang SW, Sung J, Kim K, Kleinman H. Purinergic Signaling Involvement in Thymosin β4-mediated Corneal Epithelial Cell Migration. Curr Eye Res 2020; 45:1352-1358. [PMID: 32223337 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1748891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) on human corneal epithelial cell migration and the downstream signaling pathways. Tβ4 has a role in tissue development, cell migration, inflammation, and wound healing. A previous study showed that Tβ4 directly binds to F0-F1 ATP synthase. Other studies reported the role of extracellular ATP and purinergic receptors in cell migration with several cell types. Despite advancing to the clinical stage for treatment of eye disorders, the effect of Tβ4 on human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) migration and proliferation and the precise downstream signaling pathway(s) have not been identified. Methods: Various concentrations of Tβ4 were tested in vitro on human corneal epithelial cell proliferation using the CCK-8 Kit and on cell migration using the gap closure migration assay. Additionally, ATP levels at various time points were determined using the ATP Lite One-Step Kit. The Fluo 8 NO Wash Calcium Assay Kit was used to measure the intracellular Ca2+ concentration after treatment with various concentrations of Tβ4. P2X7 inhibitors were tested on ATP signaling and migration. Total- and phospho-ERK1/2 levels were determined in western blot. Results: Tβ4 enhanced HCEC proliferation and migration in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, these functions were related to increased extracellular ATP levels, intracellular Ca2+ influx, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Tβ4-mediated HCEC migration was inhibited by specific P2X7 purinergic receptor antagonists suggesting the role of this receptor in Tβ4-mediated human corneal epithelial cell migration. Conclusions: These results suggest that Tβ4-mediated HCEC proliferation and migration are associated with increased ATP levels, P2X7 R-mediated Ca2+ influx, and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This study begins to describe the mechanisms for Tβ4-mediated corneal healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung-Mo Yang
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jihye Sung
- GtreeBNT Co., Ltd ., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongsoon Kim
- GtreeBNT Co., Ltd ., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inje University , Gimhae-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hynda Kleinman
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, NIH, NIDCR , Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Wei L, Mousawi F, Li D, Roger S, Li J, Yang X, Jiang LH. Adenosine Triphosphate Release and P2 Receptor Signaling in Piezo1 Channel-Dependent Mechanoregulation. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1304. [PMID: 31780935 PMCID: PMC6853025 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organs and tissues and their constituent cells are physiologically submitted to diverse types of mechanical forces or stress, one common sequence of which is release of intracellular ATP into extracellular space. Extracellular ATP is a well-established autocrine or paracrine signaling molecule that regulates multiple cell functions and mediates cell-to-cell communications via activating the purinergic P2 receptors, more specifically, ligand-gated ion channel P2X receptors and some of the G-protein-coupled P2Y receptors. The molecular mechanisms that sense mechanical and transduce forces to trigger ATP release are poorly understood. The Piezo1, a newly identified mechanosensing ion channel, shows widespread expression and confers mechanosensitivity in many different types of cells. In this mini-review, we briefly introduce the Piezo1 channel and discuss the evidence that supports its important role in the mechanoregulation of diverse cell functions and, more specifically, critical engagement of ATP release and subsequent P2 receptor activation in Piezo1 channel-dependent mechanoregulation. Such ATP release-mediated coupling of the Piezo1 channel and P2 receptors may serve a signaling mechanism that is more common than we currently understand in transducing mechanical information to regulation of the attendant cell functions in various organs and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Wei
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fatema Mousawi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Dongliang Li
- Department of Physiology, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Sébastien Roger
- EA4245, Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jing Li
- Lingnan Medical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuebin Yang
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- EA4245, Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tours, Tours, France
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Yao M, Fan X, Yuan B, Takagi N, Liu S, Han X, Ren J, Liu J. Berberine inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome pathway in human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:216. [PMID: 31412862 PMCID: PMC6694465 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is still the most common malignant tumor that threatens the female’s life in the world, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), one of the most difficult subtypes. Lack of targeted therapies brings about urgent demand for novel treatments. In this study we aim to investigate the anti-tumor activity of Berberine (BBR), a Chinese plant-derived alkaloid, against the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 and elucidate its mechanism referring to anti-inflammation. Methods Cell inhibition rate was measured by Cell Proliferation Assay, the cytotoxic effects was detected by Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay, the colony formation and migration potential were evaluated by colony formation assay and wound healing assay, the release of inflammatory cytokines was detected by EMD multifactor detection, and alterations of proteins and genes related to the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway were analyzed using western blotting and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results BBR reduce the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells and increased the release of LDH from the cells in a dose-dependent manner, with and inhibition of colony formation potential and migration of the cells. BBR also caused a marked reduction in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, Interleukin-1α (IL-1α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Besides, a down-regulated behavior was observed with the expression of P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7), NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-activation and recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1 p20, Interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-1β proteins and NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC mRNAs in the NLRP3 inflammasome cascade. Conclusions Our results confirmed that BBR can effectively affect both tumor outgrowth and spontaneous metastasis in TNBC, and that we identified a new mechanism associated with inhibition the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, suggesting its potential therapeutic relevance in clinical use.
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Dai G, Ding K, Cao Q, Xu T, He F, Liu S, Ju W. Emodin suppresses growth and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting VEGFR2. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 859:172525. [PMID: 31288005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Emodin can effectively inhibit colorectal cancer cells, but the mechanism remains elusive. This study analyzed the changes of VEGFR2 signaling pathways in patients with colorectal cancer and the effects of emodin on HCT116 cells and xenograft tumor model. The expression levels of VEGFR2, PI3K, and p-AKT in colorectal cancer tissue samples were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal ones. Docking simulation confirmed that emodin bound the hydrophobic pocket and partially overlapped with the binding sites of VEGFR2, thus disrupting VEGFR2 dimerization. Western blotting further confirmed that emodin significantly inhibited the expression of VEGFR2, and reduced the expressions of PI3K and p-AKT in HCT116 cells. Furthermore, it suppressed the growth, adhesion and migration of HCT116 cells. In addition, emodin inhibited the tumor growth in xenograft model and the expressions of VEGFR2, PI3K and p-AKT in vivo. In conclusion, emodin suppressed the growth of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting VEGFR2, as a potential candidate for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Dai
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Kang Ding
- National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, PR China
| | - Qianyu Cao
- The First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tian Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Fan He
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Shijia Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Wenzheng Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
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Gong D, Zhang J, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ma J, Hu G, Huang Y, Zheng J, Zhai W, Xue W. The m 6A-suppressed P2RX6 activation promotes renal cancer cells migration and invasion through ATP-induced Ca 2+ influx modulating ERK1/2 phosphorylation and MMP9 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:233. [PMID: 31159832 PMCID: PMC6547495 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous study demonstrated that extracellular ATP could promote cell migration and invasion in multiple human cancers. Till now, the pro-invasive mechanisms of ATP and P2RX6, a preferred receptor for ATP, are still poorly studied in RCC. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes during RCC different stages. Tissue microarray, IHC staining and survival analysis was respectively used to evaluate potential clinical function. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to explore the P2RX6 biological effects in RCC progression. Results We found that ATP might increase RCC cells migration and invasion through P2RX6. Mechanism dissection revealed that ATP-P2RX6 might modulate the Ca2+-mediated p-ERK1/2/MMP9 signaling to increase the RCC cells migration and invasion. Furthermore, METTL14 implicated m6A modification in RCC and down-regulated P2RX6 protein translation. In addition, human clinical survey also indicated the positive correlation of this newly identified signaling in RCC progression and prognosis. Conclusions Our findings revealed that the newly identified ATP-P2RX6-Ca2+-p-ERK1/2-MMP9 signaling facilitates RCC cell invasion and metastasis. Targeting this novel signaling pathway with small molecules might help us to develop a new approach to better suppress RCC progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1223-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkui Gong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yonghui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yunfei Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- Department of Urology, Pudong Hospital, School of Medicine in Fudan University, Shanghai, 201300, China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Junhua Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Lili W, Yun L, Tingran W, Xia W, Yanlei S. P2RX7 functions as a putative biomarker of gastric cancer and contributes to worse prognosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:734-742. [PMID: 31042071 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219846492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The mechanism of gastric cancer is highly complex, accompanied by a variety of genetic abnormalities. It is of great significance to elucidate the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, find its markers and therapeutic targets in the fight against this fatal disease. In this study, we identified P2RX7 as a putative target of gastric cancer, which was overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues and had relationship with worse prognosis. We also elucidated the roles of P2RX7 on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer cells, and explored the relationship between it and ERK1/2 pathway, Akt pathway, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Our findings begin to offer useful insights into the mechanism of gastric cancer progression and provide clues to novel therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Lili
- 1 Department of Laboratory, the Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Liyin, Shandong 276000, China
| | - Li Yun
- 2 Department of General Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Liyin, Shandong 276000, China
| | - Wei Tingran
- 3 Department of Radiology, the Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Liyin, Shandong 276000, China
| | - Wu Xia
- 4 Department of Oncology, the Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Liyin, Shandong 276000, China
| | - Sun Yanlei
- 5 Department of General Surgery, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, China
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