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Gutiérrez-Domingo T, Farhane-Medina NZ, Villaécija J, Vivas S, Tabernero C, Castillo-Mayén R, Luque B. Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions with Respect to Psychological and Biomedical Outcomes in Young People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1876. [PMID: 39337217 PMCID: PMC11430895 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease especially affecting young people. Mindfulness-based psychological interventions might reduce emotional symptoms post-diagnosis, but the evidence is limited. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions on psychological well-being and biomedical variables in young people with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A systematic review of trials was conducted that involved a bibliographic search in electronic databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, SciELO, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library) considering studies published between 2013 and 2024. RESULTS A total of 434 records were identified, of which 252 underwent selection according to title and abstract, leaving 32 that were evaluated for eligibility and 7 included in this review. From Google Scholar, six more studies were identified and evaluated, and two were selected. Finally, nine studies were subjected to full reading and a detailed analysis of the inclusion criteria. A total of 66.6% of the studies were evaluated as having a methodological quality of moderate or optimal, but the samples analysed tended to be small, and only two articles carried out short-term follow-up evaluations. CONCLUSIONS Mindfulness-based interventions, upon reviewing the preliminary results, may be posited as a viable strategy to enhance psychological (anxiety, diabetes distress, perceived stress, depression, self-efficacy, psychological well-being, and quality of life) and biomedical outcomes (glycaemic control, blood glucose levels, and diastolic blood pressure) for type 1 diabetes in young people. Although promising, further research is required to improve the quality, methodology, and design of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Gutiérrez-Domingo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Naima Z. Farhane-Medina
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Joaquín Villaécija
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián Vivas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Tabernero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosario Castillo-Mayén
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Bárbara Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.Z.F.-M.); (J.V.); (S.V.); (C.T.); (R.C.-M.); (B.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Shi L, Jing L, Wang H, Liu Y. Exploring the association of mindfulness, confidence, competitive state anxiety, and attention control in soccer penalty shootouts. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1439654. [PMID: 39328817 PMCID: PMC11424400 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1439654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Penalty shootouts are a pivotal factor influencing outcomes in soccer matches. Soccer players face the challenge of overcoming physical fatigue and psychological pressure when taking penalty kicks. Instances of low confidence and competitive state anxiety during matches exacerbate the detrimental impact on attention control, particularly in non-target defined features, leading to suboptimal performance during penalty kicks. Methods This cross-sectional survey investigates the relationship between mindfulness and attention control. Convenient sampling was employed to gather a sample of 266 soccer players from sports teams and training bases in Central and South China who had participated in city-level or higher-level competitions. A structural equation model, created using AMOS 26, was employed for hypotheses validation. Results Findings reveal a positive correlation between mindfulness and confidence, and a negative correlation between mindfulness and competitive state anxiety. Additionally, confidence positively associates with attention control, while competitive state anxiety shows a negative relationship with attention control. Confidence and competitive state anxiety also function as mediators in the correlation between mindfulness and attention control. To elaborate, soccer penalty kickers with heightened mindfulness demonstrate increased confidence levels, reduced competitive state anxiety, and improved attention control. Discussion Mindfulness training positively influences attention control during penalty kicks for soccer players. To boost players' confidence, alleviate competitive state anxiety, and enhance their performance during penalty shootouts, it is recommended that governments increase investment in mindfulness training and talent development. Coaches should enhance their understanding of mindfulness training mechanisms, and athletes themselves should prioritize mindfulness training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisi Shi
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Longjun Jing
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Social and Political Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Preissner CE, Vilier L, de Vries H, Oenema A. Consistency between definitions and measurement of mindfulness in eating and physical activity behavior: a scoping review. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:574-598. [PMID: 38306410 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2024.2310115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Mindfulness (i.e., relating to one's internal and external awareness with non-evaluative attitudes) is increasingly applied as a determinant and strategy to change dietary and physical activity behaviours in the general adult population. However, current applications of mindfulness lack methodological standardisation, thereby limiting its comparison. The aim of this study was to examine currently applied conceptual definitions of mindfulness regarding their elements, their measurement, and the consistency between the defined elements and their measurement.Using scoping review methodology, we searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed literature. Definitions were analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach. Consistency between defined elements and measurement was scored on an index. Across 57 records, less than half defined mindfulness as specific to a disposition, state, or action. One third described mindfulness as an attentional process without attitudinal elements. An additional 30% mentioned non-judgment as the singular attitudinal element underlying mindfulness. Empirical articles (n = 45) predominantly assessed dispositional mindfulness as a single score and frequently lacked measurement of defined attitudinal elements or measured elements that were not defined. To advance the systematic investigation of mindfulness, we present a conceptual model describing the measurement selection based on explicitly defined attentional and attitudinal mindfulness elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lieke Vilier
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Oenema
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Lan L, Liu W, Liu C, Wang H, Wang M, Abbey C, Singh MK, Rozelle S, She X, Tong L. Effects of Mindfulness and Life-Skills Training on Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Chinese Migrant Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Adolesc Health 2024; 75:404-415. [PMID: 38970607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE China's rapid urbanization has been associated with increased mental health challenges, especially in rural-to-urban migrant children. This study evaluates the effects of mindfulness and life-skills (LS) training on emotional regulation and anxiety symptoms from a randomized controlled trial aimed at improving the mental health of Chinese migrant children. METHODS Two intervention arms-mindfulness training (MT) and MT plus LS mentorship (MT + LS)-were compared to a waitlist control group of 368 migrant children aged 9-17 years. Volunteers were trained to deliver interventions to 285 migrant children in small groups of 15 for eight weeks weekly. Social integration varied: migrant children mixed with local children at public schools were considered highly integrated, those in migrant-only classrooms at public schools had intermediate levels of integration, and children in private migrant schools had low integration. Emotion regulation and anxiety symptoms were assessed preintervention, postintervention, and three months postintervention. RESULTS Postintervention and compared to the control group, children with high social integration in the MT arm showed increased cognitive reappraisal ability (p < .05) but higher physical anxiety (p < .01). Children with high social integration in the MT + LS arm had lower anxiety symptoms of harm avoidance (p < .01) and physical anxiety (p < .05). Children with low social integration in the MT + LS arm showed lower cognitive reappraisal (p < .01) and poorer overall emotion regulation abilities (p < .01). Three months later, children with intermediate integration in the MT + LS arm had lower separation anxiety (p < .05) and harm avoidance anxiety (p < .05). No other groups showed significant improvements in emotion regulation or reducing in anxiety symptoms three months postintervention. DISCUSSION Mindfulness and LS training may benefit Chinese migrant children who have higher levels of social integration but increase anxiety in those with lower social integration. Future research should consider the sociocultural context in which a treatment is implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwan Lan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Stanford Center of China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford, California
| | - Min Wang
- Stanford Center of China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford, California
| | - Cody Abbey
- Stanford Center of China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford, California
| | | | - Scott Rozelle
- Stanford Center of China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford, California
| | - Xinshu She
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Lian Tong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
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Son S, Lee S. The Effect of Mindfulness and Emotional Regulation on Self-care Competence Among Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs 2024:00002820-990000000-00282. [PMID: 39190814 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many cancer patients require long-term self-care, both during and after treatment, and need to have self-care competence. Mindfulness and emotional regulation can enhance self-care competence among cancer patients. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of mindfulness and emotional regulation on self-care competence among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS The data were completed by 106 cancer patients who were hospitalized at 3 long-term nursing hospitals. The instruments were the Mindfulness Scale, Korean Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Self-As-Care Inventory Scale. RESULT Self-care competence was significantly correlated with mindfulness among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Also, the relationship between mindfulness and emotional regulation was significant. However, emotional regulation did not significantly affect self-care competence. CONCLUSIONS It is important for cancer patients to focus on the present moment and maintain a balanced approach that keeps a distance from excessive worry. Development and application of interventions aimed at enhancing self-care competence among cancer patients should focus on a high level of mindfulness. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE It is necessary to support cancer patients in taking time out for mindfulness practice through meditation programs and to help them seamlessly incorporate this habit into their daily lives. Nurses can effectively assist cancer patients by being well-versed in mindfulness techniques and providing adept guidance. Offering personalized mindfulness guidance based on the patient's condition and needs is also beneficial. By developing programs that incorporate feedback from both patients and healthcare providers, nurses can help patients continuously apply mindfulness practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Son
- Authors' Affiliation: College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Shao S, Li L, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhang X. Research progress on the role of mindfulness in intervention for adolescent obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1412522. [PMID: 39234508 PMCID: PMC11371582 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1412522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the face of the increasingly serious background of overweight and obesity rates among adolescents in China, mindfulness, as an emerging therapeutic approach, has shown its unique effectiveness. This article reviewed the research progress of mindfulness in the intervention of adolescent obesity, summarized its effects on improving physiological and psychological indicators, and listed the different options for implementing mindfulness therapy. These studies supported the preliminary effectiveness of mindfulness in the intervention of adolescent obesity, providing a basis for mindfulness to become a new approach for obesity intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Linda Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Harrison C, Ruddock S, Mayes S, Cook J, O'Halloran P, Ferrar K, Li X, Ruddock M. A 6-Week Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment Intervention to Improve Professional Ballet Dancers' Psychological States Around Performance. J Dance Med Sci 2024:1089313X241272136. [PMID: 39143686 DOI: 10.1177/1089313x241272136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Background: Mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches have been trialled in professional sport. The present pilot study was a randomized controlled trial with professional ballet dancers investigating the effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach, developed for athletes, compared to an education program which included topics relevant to ballet and performance. Methods: Participants included 16 professional ballet dancers (2 men and 14 women) who were randomly assigned into either the MAC or education group for 1 session per week, for 6 weeks. Participants were assessed pre-and post-intervention using the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport (MIS) and the Acceptance Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II). Within 2 weeks of the final mindfulness session, all participants completed a semi-structured interview. Results: No differences were found when comparing the questionnaire responses between pre- and post- intervention, nor between the MAC group and the control group at post intervention for all subscales. Although dancers reported in the interviews that the sessions were valuable, they advised their ability to dedicate time to mindfulness ongoing would be challenging. Conclusions: Mindfulness interventions, as explored in this study, show promise to promote the well-being of professional ballet dancers. For consistent and ongoing mindfulness practice, future designs should seek to embed mindfulness practice into dancer and company schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Harrison
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Scott Ruddock
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Mayes
- The Australian Ballet, Southbank, VIC, Australia
| | - Jill Cook
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul O'Halloran
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Katia Ferrar
- The Australian Ballet, Southbank, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Xia Li
- Statistics Consultant, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Mandy Ruddock
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Corthorn C, Pedrero V, Torres N, Reynaldos-Grandón K, Paredes P. Mindfulness, teacher mental health, and well-being in early education: a correlational study. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:428. [PMID: 39107861 PMCID: PMC11304776 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the relationship between mindfulness and variables considered relevant for teacher-student interactions: teacher burnout, general stress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. We hypothesized that mindfulness would relate negatively with mental health variables and positively with quality of life. We also explored which specific aspects of mindfulness would predict burnout, depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life. Given the results of regression analyses, mediation models were performed to explore the mechanisms through which different facets of mindfulness affect quality of life. As predicted, the correlation analysis showed that mindfulness and its dimensions were positively associated with the quality of life of the teachers and burnout dimension of personal fulfillment and negatively associated with anxiety, depression, and stress (considering FFMQ total score and most of its dimensions). Consistently, regression analysis showed that the overall level of mindfulness, after controlling for the grade level at which the teacher works, showed significant associations with the level of personal fulfillment, depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life. The results of the mediation analyses showed that the ability not to judge ourselves was associated with fewer symptoms of depression and stress and, through these pathways, positively affected quality of life. On the other hand, the ability not to react favored quality of life by reducing anxiety and stress. Finally, acting with awareness was the only facet of mindfulness that favored quality of life, affecting one of the dimensions of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Corthorn
- Department of Education and Social Sciences, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Andrés Bello, Fernández Concha 700, Edificio C2, Tercer Piso, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Víctor Pedrero
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Torres
- Department of Education and Social Sciences, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Andrés Bello, Fernández Concha 700, Edificio C2, Tercer Piso, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Paola Paredes
- Department of Social Sciences, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Rigsby BA, Miller RL, Moran MJ, Rzonca AJ, Najman JI, Adams MS, Prince MA, Lucas-Thompson RG. Bi-Directional and Time-Lagged Associations between Engagement and Mental Health Symptoms in a Group Mindfulness-Based Mental Health Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1030. [PMID: 39200640 PMCID: PMC11353530 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21081030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
There is a high need for accessible avenues for improving mental health among emerging adults, particularly on college campuses. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) is a promising avenue for reducing mental health symptoms, but initial discomforts associated with MBI may cause symptoms to fluctuate before decreasing, which presents a barrier to engagement with mindfulness on a daily basis. Consistent mindfulness practice is key for forming habits related to MBI, and engagement with mindfulness at home, including between intervention sessions, is an important predictor of mental health outcomes. Research suggests that mental health symptoms may serve as barriers to their own treatment. Thus, it is important to understand how mental health symptom levels impact adherence to treatment protocols. To improve understanding of symptom-specific barriers to treatment and engagement with mindfulness, the present study collected daily diary surveys about engagement with mindfulness and mental health symptoms from a sample of 62 adults recruited to participate in a six-week mindfulness intervention. We explored mental health symptoms as a predictor of engagement with MBI at the mean level and whether within-person variability in symptoms predicted same-day or time-lagged changes in engagement via mixed-effects associations. Using heterogeneous location scale models, we further explored whether erraticism in either mental health symptoms or engagement with mindfulness predicted the other and if outcomes of the mindfulness intervention were homogeneous among subjects. Results showed that bi-directional and time-lagged associations exist between symptoms and engagement, indicating that there is a nuanced temporal and reciprocal relationship between engagement with mindfulness and mental health symptoms. Daily within-person elevations in engagement with mindfulness were associated with concurrent improvements in mental health but prospective increases in mental health symptoms. We also found that higher engagement (over personal averages) was not consistently associated with improvements in mental health across the sample but was instead associated with greater heterogeneity in outcomes. We also found that increases in mental health symptoms (over personal averages), as well as higher average levels of mental health symptoms, were both associated with lower levels of engagement in the mindfulness treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock A. Rigsby
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (R.G.L.-T.)
| | - Reagan L. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Megan J. Moran
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (R.G.L.-T.)
| | - Addie J. Rzonca
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (R.G.L.-T.)
| | - Jonathan I. Najman
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (R.G.L.-T.)
| | - Melanie S. Adams
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (R.G.L.-T.)
| | - Mark A. Prince
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Rachel G. Lucas-Thompson
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (R.G.L.-T.)
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Ćosić K, Popović S, Wiederhold BK. Enhancing Aviation Safety through AI-Driven Mental Health Management for Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024; 27:588-598. [PMID: 38916063 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the mental health challenges faced by pilots and air traffic controllers (ATCs), whose stressful professional lives may negatively impact global flight safety and security. The adverse effects of mental health disorders on their flight performance pose a particular safety risk, especially in sudden unexpected startle situations. Therefore, the early detection, prediction and prevention of mental health deterioration in pilots and ATCs, particularly among those at high risk, are crucial to minimize potential air crash incidents caused by human factors. Recent research in artificial intelligence (AI) demonstrates the potential of machine and deep learning, edge and cloud computing, virtual reality and wearable multimodal physiological sensors for monitoring and predicting mental health disorders. Longitudinal monitoring and analysis of pilots' and ATCs physiological, cognitive and behavioral states could help predict individuals at risk of undisclosed or emerging mental health disorders. Utilizing AI tools and methodologies to identify and select these individuals for preventive mental health training and interventions could be a promising and effective approach to preventing potential air crash accidents attributed to human factors and related mental health problems. Based on these insights, the article advocates for the design of a multidisciplinary mental healthcare ecosystem in modern aviation using AI tools and technologies, to foster more efficient and effective mental health management, thereby enhancing flight safety and security standards. This proposed ecosystem requires the collaboration of multidisciplinary experts, including psychologists, neuroscientists, physiologists, psychiatrists, etc. to address these challenges in modern aviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Ćosić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siniša Popović
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Atta MHR, El-Ashry AM, Abd El-Gawad Mousa M. The effects of mindfulness-based techniques on self-rumination, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression among patients with major depression: a nursing perspective. J Res Nurs 2024; 29:366-385. [PMID: 39291234 PMCID: PMC11403989 DOI: 10.1177/17449871241252011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) often struggle with adaptive strategies like self-reflection and cognitive reappraisal, relying instead on maladaptive ones like self-rumination and emotional suppression. Mindfulness-based techniques (MBTs) have been identified as a promising complementary psychological intervention for this population. Aims To evaluate the effects of MBTs on mindful attention awareness, self-rumination, self-reflection, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in patients with MDD between patients who receive MBTs and those who do not. Methods This quasi-experimental research was carried out at the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinics. A representative sample of 120 patients with MDD were randomly recruited to either a study group (n = 60) or a control group (n = 60). The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), The Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ) and The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were utilised to collect data. Results After participation in MBTs, the study group had significantly greater improvements in the mean scores of MAAS, RRQ, Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive Suppression compared to the control group (p < 0.001 each). Recommendations The study recommends developing and implementing training programmes for nurses to equip them with the skills and knowledge to effectively deliver MBTs as part of patient care. Conducting longitudinal studies is necessary to assess the sustainability of these improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayman Mohamed El-Ashry
- Lecturer of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abd El-Gawad Mousa
- Assistant Professor of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Garbinsky EN, Blanchard SJ, Kim L. Financial Mindfulness: A Scale. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024:1461672241265995. [PMID: 39078039 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241265995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The concept of mindfulness has enjoyed much resonance among researchers. Despite this past work, we argue there is a need for a domain-specific conceptualization and measure of financial mindfulness (FM). We first define FM as "the tendency to be highly aware of one's current objective financial state while possessing an acceptance of that state," and, second, develop and validate an eight-item scale to measure individual differences in FM. This article has nine studies, including a field survey administered by a financial services provider to examine actual behavior. Importantly, the FM-Scale is associated with financial behaviors (i.e., sunk cost bias) above and beyond related scales (i.e., money management stress, self-control, and general mindfulness). To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to provide a succinct way to measure FM that incorporates elements of both awareness and acceptance, highlighting the role of financial acceptance specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lena Kim
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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13
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Hohnemann C, Engel F, Peifer C, Diestel S. Trajectories of mindfulness, flow experience, and stress during an online-based MBSR program: the moderating role of emotional exhaustion. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1385372. [PMID: 39077209 PMCID: PMC11285067 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite numerous papers focusing on mindfulness at work, our knowledge about how flow experience and stress as indicators of optimal functioning and wellbeing at work evolve over time during the common mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program remains limited. Drawing from the transactional model of flow and stress, we argue that a build-up of mindfulness over the training duration not only leads to a decrease in stress but also an increase in flow experience. Thereby, we examine the moderating role of emotional exhaustion amplifying the beneficial effects of mindfulness. Methods In a quasi-experimental study, 91 participants completed weekly questionnaires over the course of 8 weeks. Forty six participants in the experimental group took part in the MBSR program, while 45 participants were part of an inactive control group. Results Mindfulness and flow showed a significant linear increase over time, whereas stress exhibited a linear decrease. Those who participated in the MBSR training reported an increase in mindfulness that positively and negatively predicted the trajectories of flow and stress, respectively. Emotional exhaustion amplified the effects of the trajectory of mindfulness on the trajectories of flow and stress. Discussion These findings suggest that mindfulness can not only reduce stress but can also foster the autotelic experience of flow, especially for chronically depleted individuals. However, more research is necessary to replicate these results and address the limitations of the current study, including the quasi-experimental design, the use of self-report measures, as well as the dropout during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Hohnemann
- Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Florian Engel
- Work and Organizational Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Corinna Peifer
- Work and Organizational Psychology, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Diestel
- Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
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Leyde S, Price CJ, Colgan DD, Pike KC, Tsui JI, Merrill JO. Mental Health Distress Is Associated With Higher Pain Interference in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Stabilized on Buprenorphine or Methadone. SUBSTANCE USE & ADDICTION JOURNAL 2024; 45:423-433. [PMID: 38327009 PMCID: PMC11221630 DOI: 10.1177/29767342241227402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between opioid use disorder (OUD), chronic pain, and mental health distress are complex and multidirectional. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between mental health conditions and Chronic pain severity and interference among patients stabilized on either buprenorphine or methadone. METHODS We report baseline data from a randomized trial of a mind-body intervention conducted at 5 outpatient clinics that provided either buprenorphine or methadone treatment. Validated scales were used to measure substance use, mental health distress, and pain severity and interference. Statistical analyses examined the relationship between mental health conditions and pain severity and interference. RESULTS Of 303 participants, 57% (n = 172) reported Chronic pain. A total of 88% (n = 268) were prescribed buprenorphine. Mental health conditions were common, with one-quarter of the sample screening positive for all 3 mental health conditions (anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]). Compared to participants without Chronic pain, participants with Chronic pain were more likely to screen positive for moderate-severe anxiety (47% vs 31%); moderate-severe depression (54% vs 41%); and the combination of anxiety, depression, and PTSD (31% vs 18%). Among participants with Chronic pain, mental health conditions were associated with higher pain interference. Pain severity was higher among participants with mental health conditions, but only reached statistical significance for depression. Pain interference scores increased with a higher number of co-occurring mental health conditions. CONCLUSIONS Among individuals stabilized on either buprenorphine or methadone, highly symptomatic and comorbid mental health distress is common and is associated with increased pain interference. Adequate screening for, and treatment of, mental health conditions in patients with OUD and Chronic pain is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Leyde
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cynthia J. Price
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dana D. Colgan
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kenneth C. Pike
- Department of Child, Family and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Judith I. Tsui
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph O. Merrill
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Melchior MDO, Magri LV, Victoria Díaz-Serrano K, Leite-Panissi CRA, Gherardi-Donato ECS. How do the mindfulness and sensory-behavioural-emotional aspects influence the painful experience related to temporomandibular disorder? J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:1175-1183. [PMID: 38532257 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is persistent or recurrent pain lasting longer than 3 months. The experience of temporomandibular disorder (TMD)-related pain is modulated by emotional and social factors, with mindfulness encapsulating these aspects. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between cognitive-behavioural-emotional characteristics, mindfulness and the painful experience in women with chronic pain-related TMD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 90 women aged between 18 and 61 years old, diagnosed with chronic pain-related TMD according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder, considering both temporomandibular joint and muscle pain. Specific instruments were employed to assess cognitive-behavioural-emotional aspects. The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire scales evaluated the level and construct of mindfulness. The relationship between variables was analysed using bivariate association tests (.05 > p < .20), followed by multiple regression tests (p < .05). RESULTS The heightened experience of pain correlated with increasing age, a low level of education, the attribution of the locus of control by chance, and lower levels of mindfulness (p < .05). The heightened experience of pain was negatively influenced by mindfulness levels (p < .05). On the other hand, the painful experience was mainly influenced by facets describing negative formulation, distraction, non-reactivity and non-judgement (p < .05). CONCLUSION Demographic, cognitive-behavioural-emotional data and levels of mindfulness and its facets presented different influence weights on the painful experience. These findings provide support for future studies focusing on mindfulness strategies, education and pain management in women with chronic pain-related TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa de Oliveira Melchior
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laís Valencise Magri
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Bardideh K, Jarareh J, Bardideh F, Bardideh A, Mofrad M. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural group therapy on infertile men, a randomised clinical trial. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:581-594. [PMID: 36576275 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2162024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility can result in the emergence of depression and anger, the loss of one's identity, and the feeling of guilt in the infertile person. Present study aimed to investigate the effects of cognitive behavioural group therapy (CBGT) on infertile men's anger and positive and negative affect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-three men with infertility for at least five years were selected for the present randomised clinical study. Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-II (STAXI-II) and the PANAS scale (positive and negative affect) were filled out by the participants, and they were randomly divided into the experimental (22) and control (21) groups. The experimental group received 18 ninety-minute sessions of hybrid group therapy held twice a week, while the control group received no intervention. When the intervention program was over, all participants performed the post-test. Moreover, the post-hoc stage was held two months later. RESULTS The effects of the intervention were significant in terms of state anger, trait anger, anger expression in, anger expression out, positive effects, and negative effects (p < 0.004), but they were not significant concerning the anger control out index (p = 0.241). The significant differences between the two groups were also observed in the post-hoc stage. CONCLUSIONS The CBGT therapy seems to be helpful for infertile men to reduce their anger and negative affect and increase their positive affect by implementing a set of techniques like cognitive regeneration, assertiveness, daily joyful activities, exercises to relax one's muscles, diaphragm respiration, the identification of various fillings, and emotional expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Bardideh
- Department of counselling and Psychology, Islamic Azad university, Kish international, Kish, Iran
| | - Jamshid Jarareh
- Department of teacher training, Shahid Rajaee university, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bardideh
- Department of counselling and Psychology, Islamic Azad university, Kish international, Kish, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mofrad
- Department of Psychology, Khayyam University of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
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Gianfredi V, Stacchini L, Minutolo G, De Nicolò V, Berselli N, Ancona A, Catalini A, Cedrone F. Impacts of Unhealthy Behaviors on Mental Health among Public Health Residents: The PHRASI Study. Diseases 2024; 12:134. [PMID: 39057105 PMCID: PMC11275475 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12070134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy behaviors (UBs) can affect mental health. The most impactful of these are alcohol abuse, sedentary behavior, and sleep disturbances. Since these UBs are not well explored in medical residents, this study aims to overcome this gap, focusing on outcomes such as depression and anxiety. The Public Health Residents' Anonymous Survey in Italy (PHRASI) is a nationwide cross-sectional study based on an 88-item questionnaire. UBs were explored through validated questionnaires: the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-c (AUDIT-C), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Depressive symptoms and anxiety were detected by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis described clusters using responses from the AUDIT-C, IPAQ, and ISI. A total of 375 participants were included in this study. Three distinct clusters (CL) were identified: CL1 was characterized by a moderate risk for alcohol abuse and high insomnia dissatisfaction, with a significantly higher frequency of depressive symptoms (46%, p < 0.001) and anxiety (53%, p < 0.001); CL2 had no risk for alcohol abuse, high sleep satisfaction, and better mental health profile, with the lowest prevalence of depressive symptoms (15%, p < 0.001); CL3 had the highest risk of alcohol abuse, the highest rate of physical activity (40%, p = 0.013), and the lowest prevalence of anxiety (27%, p < 0.001). Subjects belonging to CL1 required much more attention to prevent the worsening of mental outcomes. Interventions for promoting mental health should be addressed in all Public Health schools to create more sustainable working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Stacchini
- Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Minutolo
- Food Hygiene, Nutritional Surveillance and Prevention, Department of Prevention, Provincial Healthcare Authority of Palermo, 90129 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Valentina De Nicolò
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nausicaa Berselli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Angela Ancona
- School of Public Health, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Catalini
- UOC Igiene degli Alimenti e Nutrizione, Dipartimento di Prevenzione, AST Macerata, 62100 Macerata, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Cedrone
- Hospital Management, Local Health Authority of Pescara, 65100 Pescara, Italy
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18
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Spaccapanico Proietti S, Chiavarini M, Iorio F, Buratta L, Pocetta G, Carestia R, Gobbetti C, Lupi C, Cosenza A, Sorci G, Mazzeschi C, Biscarini A, de Waure C. The role of a mindful movement-based program (Movimento Biologico) in health promotion: results of a pre-post intervention study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1372660. [PMID: 38919915 PMCID: PMC11196965 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1372660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mindful movement is a comprehensive approach that integrates various bodily, emotional and cognitive aspects into physical activity, promoting overall well-being. This study assessed the impact of a mindful movement program, known as Movimento Biologico (MB), on participants psychological well-being (PWB), positive mental health (PMH), sense of coherence (SOC), and interoceptive awareness. Methods MB program was conducted for students attending the bachelor's degree in Kinesiology and Sport Sciences of University of Perugia over 8 weeks (from October 16 to November 27, 2022). Participants were requested to fill in four questionnaires before and after the MB program: (1) 18-item PWB scale; (2) 9-item PMH scale; (3) 13-item SOC scale; (4) 32-item scale for Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess changes, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results Thirty-eight students (mean age 21.2, 60.5% male) participated. Several MAIA subscales, including noticing (p = 0.003), attention management (p = 0.002), emotional awareness (p = 0.007), self-regulation (p < 0.001), body listening (p = 0.001), and trusting (p = 0.001), showed significant improvements. PMH increased significantly (p = 0.015), and there was a significant enhancement in the autonomy subscale of PWB (p = 0.036). SOC and overall PWB also improved, though not significantly. Conclusion The MB program significantly improved participants' positive mental health and interoceptive awareness. This likely resulted from better recognition and management of positive physiological sensations, a stronger link between physical sensations and emotions, enhanced confidence in one's body, and increased autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Chiavarini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Iorio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Livia Buratta
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pocetta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Carestia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Camilla Gobbetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Lupi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Cosenza
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzeschi
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biscarini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara de Waure
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Liu YL, Lee CH, Wu LM. A mindfulness-based intervention improves perceived stress and mindfulness in university nursing students: a quasi-experimental study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13220. [PMID: 38851820 PMCID: PMC11162462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
University nursing students have been shown to experience psychological stress. A mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) may be a helpful tool for stress management. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a MBI on improving mindfulness and reducing perceived stress in nursing students. A quasi-experimental study was conducted between July 2021 and February 2022. The intervention group participated in an 8-week mindfulness awareness course, which included 50 min of training and practice in mindfulness meditation techniques each week. Over the same 8 weeks, the control group watched a 50-min film each week. The mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) and perceived stress scale (PSS) were administered before the intervention, intervention completion, and 2 and 6 months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using t test and generalized estimating equation. Overall, that the MBI showed a substantial effect on felt stress in comparison to the control group. When compared to the control group, the MBI showed a substantial impact on trait mindfulness. The MBI was beneficial for nursing students and could be considered a viable approach in nursing education to enhance mental wellbeing. It could be an effective method of relieving stress in a high-stress population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Liu
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chao-Hsien Lee
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Social Work, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Min Wu
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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20
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Zainal NH, Tan HH, Hong RY, Newman MG. Is a brief mindfulness ecological momentary intervention more efficacious than a self-monitoring app for social anxiety disorder? A randomized controlled trial. J Anxiety Disord 2024; 104:102858. [PMID: 38657408 PMCID: PMC11411489 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite their proliferation, limited knowledge exists regarding possible benefits of brief mindfulness ecological momentary interventions (MEMIs) for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Propositions that MEMIs could alleviate SAD symptoms and related clinical outcomes remain untested. This trial evaluated a 14-day MEMI for SAD. Participants with self-reported SAD were randomized to MEMI (n = 96) or self-monitoring app (SM; n = 95). Whereas MEMI instructed mindfulness exercises, SM prompted only self-monitoring five times daily for 14 days. Participants completed state-level self-reports of depression, anxiety, and mindfulness pre-post-mindfulness practice and SAD symptoms, worry, depression severity, repetitive negative thinking, and trait mindfulness at pre-randomization, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up (1MFU). Hierarchical linear modeling was conducted. The MEMI yielded statistically significantly larger improvements in momentary depression, anxiety, and mindfulness (Cohen's d = -0.10-0.11). Although no between-group effects emerged in alleviating SAD fear and avoidance, excessive worry, depression severity, repetitive negative thinking, and trait mindfulness (-0.13-0.15), within-group effects were significantly small-to-large from pre-post and pre-1MFU (-4.62-0.67). A significant reduction in depression severity occurred in MEMI (-0.63--0.60) but not SM (-0.31--0.29). Brief MEMI and SM yielded nondifferent sustained effects on SAD, comorbid symptoms, and risk factors, highlighting its potential value within stepped-care delivery settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hani Zainal
- Harvard Medical School (HMS), Department of Health Care Policy, USA; National University of Singapore (NUS), Department of Psychology, USA.
| | - Hui Han Tan
- National University of Singapore (NUS), Department of Psychology, USA
| | - Ryan Y Hong
- National University of Singapore (NUS), Department of Psychology, USA
| | - Michelle G Newman
- The Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Department of Psychology, USA
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21
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Seewald A, Rief W. Therapist's warmth and competence increased positive outcome expectations and alliance in an analogue experiment. Psychother Res 2024; 34:663-678. [PMID: 37531315 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2241630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The quality of the therapeutic alliance, treatment motivation, outcome expectations (OE), and specific health behaviour predicts psychotherapy success. Therapists should be able to improve these factors to optimize outcomes. This study investigated the therapist's interpersonal behaviour to optimize alliance, motivation, OE, and health behaviour. Method: A stressed study sample (N = 465) completed an online analogue experiment. We gave participants positive information about psychotherapy effectiveness and varied the therapist's interpersonal behaviour along the dimensions of warmth and competence.Results: High (vs. low) competence and high (vs. low) warmth increased alliance, OE, and help-seeking scores, while high (vs. low) competence increased motivation to do psychotherapy. We found no effects on health behaviour.Conclusion: In contrast to previous correlational analyses, our experimental study supports the causal role of the therapist's warmth and competence and its impact on alliance, motivation, and OE. We discuss approaches for future studies and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Seewald
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Rief
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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22
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Si XW, Yang ZK, Feng X. A meta-analysis of the intervention effect of mindfulness training on athletes' performance. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1375608. [PMID: 38939219 PMCID: PMC11210447 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1375608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the intervention effect of mindfulness training on athletes' performance using meta-analysis method. Methods A total of 11 articles and 23 effect sizes were included through retrieval of Chinese and English databases, with a total sample size of 582. Result Mindfulness training improves the level of mindfulness [SMD =1.08, 95%CI (0.30, 1.86), p < 0.01], fluency (The optimal competitive psychological state of the athlete, the athlete's attention is all focused on the task, and other things no longer attract their attention) [SMD =1.47, 95%CI (0.87, 2.08), p < 0.001] and performance [SMD =0.92, 95% CI (0.40, 1.43), p < 0.01], reduced psychological anxiety [SMD = -0.87, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.20), p < 0.05], and all reached the level of large effect size. Conclusion The effect of mindfulness training on athletes' sports performance is effective, and it can be used as an effective psychological skill intervention method to improve athletes' sports performance. In the future, we should further expand the sample size, strengthen the comparative study of different sports and intervention modes, and pay attention to the difference between the time effect and trait mindfulness level in fluency state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wei Si
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Zhong Z, Jiang H, Wang H, Liu Y. Mindfulness, social evaluation anxiety, and self-regulation: exploring their association on impulsive behavior among athletes. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1404680. [PMID: 38807692 PMCID: PMC11130505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1404680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Athletes, due to frequent physical interactions in competitive sports, are prone to impulsive behavior. Impulsive behavior is a prevalent psychological factor in sports, often leading to performance-affecting errors. This cross-sectional survey investigated the relationship between mindfulness and athletes' impulsive behavior. Methods We sampled 403 athletes from youth training centers, universities, sports academies, and clubs in China using convenience and snowball sampling. Using AMOS v23, we analyzed the data with a structural equation model. Results Our structural equation model confirmed that mindfulness and self-regulation inversely correlate with impulsive behavior, while social evaluation anxiety positively correlates with impulsive behavior. Furthermore, self-regulation and social evaluation anxiety serve as intermediaries in the link between mindfulness and impulsive behavior. Discussions This research suggests introducing mindfulness meditation practices in competitive settings to improve athletes' social evaluation anxiety and enhance their self-regulation abilities, thereby boosting their psychological health and curbing impulsive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Zhong
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Hongyu Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Social and Political Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Lillo-Navarro C, Fernández-Pires P, Benavides Gil G, Martínez-Zaragoza F, Chaves C, Roca P, Peral-Gómez P, González Valero ME, Mendialdua Canales D, Poveda Alfaro JL, Goldin PR, Sánchez-Pérez A. Effects of a mindfulness-based program on the occupational balance and mental health of university students. Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302018. [PMID: 38696406 PMCID: PMC11065289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to examine whether the addition of Virtual Reality (VR) meditation training to a standard 8-week Mindfulness-Based Health Care Program (MBHC-VR) results in a significantly increased improvement in occupational, mental health, and psychological functioning versus MBHC-only in university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized controlled clinical trial with three arms (MBHC, MBHC-VR, Control Group), four assessment time points (pre-intervention, inter-session, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up), and mixed methodology will be proposed. University students (undergraduate, master, or doctoral) interested in participating and who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria will be included over two years. Data will be collected from different ad hoc questionnaires, several standardized tests, and an Ecological Momentary Assessment. We will use R software to carry out descriptive analyses (univariate and bivariate), multilevel modeling, and structural equation models to respond to the proposed objective. The qualitative analysis will be carried out using the MAXQDA program and the technique of focus groups. DISCUSSION It is expected that with the proposed intervention university students will learn to relate in a healthier way with their mental processes, so as to improve their occupational balance (OB) and their psychological well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05929430.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lillo-Navarro
- Centre for Translational Research in Physiotherapy (CEIT), Department of Pathology and Surgery, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Paula Fernández-Pires
- B+D+b Occupational Research Group, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Gemma Benavides Gil
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Health, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Fermín Martínez-Zaragoza
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Health, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Covadonga Chaves
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Roca
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Villanueva, Madrid, Spain
- Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Peral-Gómez
- B+D+b Occupational Research Group, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - María Elena González Valero
- B+D+b Occupational Research Group, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | - Philippe R. Goldin
- University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Alicia Sánchez-Pérez
- B+D+b Occupational Research Group, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
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Cheng YTD, Young KWD, Carlbring P, Ng YN, Hung SLS. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Among People Recovering from Mental Illness: A Tailored Mindfulness-Based Intervention versus Relaxation Training. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2024; 21:318-348. [PMID: 37982391 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2023.2281418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the potential effectiveness, acceptability and feasibility of a tailored mindfulness-based intervention (MBI, REMIND 2.0) for personal recovery among people with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this pilot mixed methods randomized controlled trial, participants were assigned to either the MBI (n = 14) or the relaxation training (RT) (n = 14). Quantitative measures were used to assess primary outcomes, including personal recovery, mindfulness, self-compassion, resilience, and secondary outcomes, including depression, stress, anxiety, positive and negative moods, quality of life and general health at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1) and one-month follow-up (T2). Quantitative interviews were conducted to explore the experiences and perceptions toward the MBI. RESULTS Results indicated significant group and time interactions for all outcomes except anxiety and stress. MBI participants showed significant improvements in all outcomes at T1, which were maintained at T2, except for positive mood. RT participants showed a significant decline in resilience but significant improvements in all secondary outcomes at T1, but all outcomes significantly declined at T2, except for anxiety and stress. MBI participants were receptive toward the programme in all aspects of personal recovery. CONCLUSIONS The tailored MBI is a potentially effective, feasible and acceptable approach to facilitate personal recovery among people with mental illness. Differences between MBI and RT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ting Daphne Cheng
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Kim Wan Daniel Young
- Department of Social Work, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Per Carlbring
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yat Nam Ng
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Carmo C, Iacob V, Brás M, Fernandes J. Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Male Portuguese Prisoners. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:677-692. [PMID: 35723515 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in prison environments have revealed positive benefits for prisoners' physical and psychological health. This study aimed to verify the efficacy of an MBI program in decreasing depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, negative effects, and increasing positive affects, self-esteem, and mindfulness state and capacity in prisoners. The sample comprised 44 Portuguese male prisoners, who were divided into two groups: the mindfulness training group (n = 22) and the control group (n = 22). The mindfulness training group demonstrated increased self-esteem and mindfulness capacities. Qualitative analysis showed the usefulness of the training for inmates, not only in their daily prison life, but also post-release and the importance of breathing in coping with anxious and stressful situations. These findings suggest the benefits of MBI in prison settings and propose that these interventions may hold the potential to improve prisoners' reintegration into society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Carmo
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vivien Iacob
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Marta Brás
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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Heinen JM, Laing EM, Schäffeler N, Bäuerle A, Krakowczyk JB, Schug C, Ziesemer SK, Teufel M, Erim Y, Zipfel S, Stengel A, Graf J. How do mindfulness-based interventions promote coping and self-efficacy in patients with cancer: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative data. Psychooncology 2024; 33:e6350. [PMID: 38777617 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to review the existing quantitative and qualitative evidence regarding how mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) help cope with cancer-related challenges and increase affected patients' perceived self-efficacy. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, PsycInfo, PubPsych, and CINAHL. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies were included if they (1) evaluated MBIs (2) for patients with cancer or cancer survivors (3) regarding their impact on coping with cancer and perceived self-efficacy. The reports were screened by two independent reviewers and conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. The review was pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022368765). RESULTS Findings from 28 reports of 19 quantitative studies, six qualitative studies, and three mixed-methods studies (total N = 1722) were extracted and integrated. The synthesis of quantitative data showed considerable heterogeneity in outcomes and measurement instruments. Most often reported were significant positive impacts of mindfulness on general coping skills, self-regulation, and perceived efficacy in coping with cancer. Qualitative interviews with patients supported those results. The three meta-themes identified were that MBI (1) provided patients with tools to use in stressful situations, (2) promoted a general change of mindset and (3) created a feeling of social connectedness. CONCLUSIONS The reviewed studies suggest that MBI can promote coping and enhance the perceived self-efficacy of patients with cancer. In the future, more research investigating the different aspects of coping and the potentially moderating role of self-efficacy could provide further insights with respect to how coping and self-efficacy related to MBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Maria Heinen
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ebba Magdalena Laing
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Schäffeler
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Bäuerle
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Barbara Krakowczyk
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Caterina Schug
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Katharina Ziesemer
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Teufel
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, CharitéCenter for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Graf
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Malhotra B, Jones LC, Spooner H, Levy C, Kaimal G, Williamson JB. A conceptual framework for a neurophysiological basis of art therapy for PTSD. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1351757. [PMID: 38711802 PMCID: PMC11073815 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1351757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous condition that affects many civilians and military service members. Lack of engagement, high dropout rate, and variable response to psychotherapy necessitates more compelling and accessible treatment options that are based on sound neuroscientific evidence-informed decision-making. Art therapy incorporates elements proven to be effective in psychotherapy, such as exposure, making it a potentially valuable treatment option. This conceptual paper aims to inform the neurophysiological rationale for the use of art therapy as a therapeutic approach for individuals with PTSD. A narrative synthesis was conducted using literature review of empirical research on the neurophysiological effects of art therapy, with supporting literature on neuroaesthetics and psychotherapies to identify art therapy factors most pertinent for PTSD. Findings were synthesized through a proposed framework based on the triple network model considering the network-based dysfunctions due to PTSD. Art therapy's active components, such as concretization and metaphor, active art engagement, emotion processing and regulation, perspective taking and reframing, and therapeutic alliance, may improve symptoms of PTSD and prompt adaptive brain functioning. Given the scarcity of rigorous studies on art therapy's effectiveness and mechanisms of alleviating PTSD symptoms, the suggested framework offers a neurophysiological rationale and a future research agenda to investigate the impact of art therapy as a therapeutic approach for individuals with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bani Malhotra
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Laura C. Jones
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Heather Spooner
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. in support of Creative Forces: NEA Military Healing Arts Network, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Center of Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Charles Levy
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. in support of Creative Forces: NEA Military Healing Arts Network, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Girija Kaimal
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John B. Williamson
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for OCD, Anxiety and Related Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Li J, Luo X, Liu H. Dynamic bidirectional relation between state mindfulness and suicidal ideation among female college students: The moderating effect of trait mindfulness. DEATH STUDIES 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38502577 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2024.2329180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Research has indicated that mindfulness is a protective factor against suicidal ideation. However, the dynamic reciprocal relation between them has been understudied. In this study, 110 female college students with suicidal ideation completed a measure of trait mindfulness and a 28-day diary of suicidal ideation and three-dimensional state mindfulness, including acting with awareness, present-moment attention, and nonjudgmental acceptance. Dynamic structural equation modeling was used to examine the dynamic and bidirectional effects between dimensions of state mindfulness and suicidal ideation and the moderating effect of trait mindfulness. Results showed that suicidal ideation predicted lower levels of present-moment attention the next day. More importantly, there was a dynamic and bidirectional relation between nonjudgmental acceptance and suicidal ideation for people with trait mindfulness higher than the average level (i.e., M + 0.15SD). Our findings suggested that studies and interventions on suicide should pay more attention to specific dimensions of state mindfulness and trait mindfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Li
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Mental Health Education and Consultation Center, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Chen S. Structural modeling of Chinese students' academic achievement identity and basic psychological needs: do academic self-efficacy, and mindfulness play a mediating role? BMC Psychol 2024; 12:142. [PMID: 38481334 PMCID: PMC10938839 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mindfulness and academic self-efficacy were proposed as mediating variables, with successful academic identity as an exogenous variable. The backdrop for this research centers on the significance of psychological factors in shaping academic identity among first-grade high school students. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of the research was to investigate the relationship between fundamental psychological needs, mindfulness, academic self-efficacy, and successful academic identity. Specifically, the study explored the direct and indirect impacts of basic psychological needs on successful academic identity mediated by mindfulness and academic self-efficacy. METHOD The research employed a descriptive method, utilizing correlational studies and structural equation modeling. A sample of 355 undergraduate students at Henan Judicial Police Vocational College, Henan, China, was randomly selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using established scales, including the Basic Psychological Needs Scale, Baer Mindfulness Scale, Jenkins and Morgan Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, and Vas and Isakson Successful Academic Identity Scale. The data analysis was conducted using AMOS 22 software. FINDINGS The research findings revealed that fundamental psychological needs directly and indirectly significantly impact successful academic identity. Mindfulness played a mediating role in this relationship. However, academic self-efficacy did not considerably mediate the influence of fundamental psychological needs on successful academic identity (p > 0.05). These results highlight the complex dynamics between psychological needs, mindfulness, academic self-efficacy, and successful academic identity among high school students in the specified academic year. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest targeted interventions, such as workshops for families and teachers to address basic needs and psychologist and school counselor interventions to increase mindfulness. Additionally, organizing educational classes is imperative for fostering a supportive environment conducive to successful academic identity among undergraduate students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Chen
- Basic Courses Teaching Department, Henan Judicial Police Vocational College, 450016, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Mas-Cuesta L, Baltruschat S, Cándido A, Verdejo-Lucas C, Catena-Verdejo E, Catena A. Brain changes following mindfulness: Reduced caudate volume is associated with decreased positive urgency. Behav Brain Res 2024; 461:114859. [PMID: 38216057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Mindfulness training has been shown to improve psychological health and general well-being. However, it is unclear which brain and personality systems may be affected by this practice for improving adaptive behavior and quality of life. The present study explores the effects of a 5-week mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) at the neuroanatomical level and its relationship with dispositional mindfulness and impulsivity. Sixty-six risky drivers were quasi-randomly assigned to a mindfulness training group (MT) or a control group (N). Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the UPPS-P impulsivity scale twice, at baseline and after receiving the MBI. We observed that MBI changes dispositional mindfulness in the non-reactivity and observing facets. Further, we observed that the magnitude of change in impulsivity was associated with the change in dispositional mindfulness. Whole-brain voxel-wise analysis revealed that the volume of the right caudate nucleus of the MT group (n = 27) showed a reduction compared to that of the control group (n = 33), which increased in terms of the pre-post measurement (MT=-1.76 mm3; N = 6.31 mm3). We also observed that reduced caudate nucleus volume correlated with decreased positive urgency in the MT group. Taken together, our results show that MBI improves the skills of observing and non-reactivity to inner experience, while producing changes in the structure of the caudate nucleus. These structural changes are associated with a reduction in impulsivity levels, decreasing the tendency to act rashly in situations that generate positive emotions and thus facilitating more adaptive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mas-Cuesta
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18011 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sabina Baltruschat
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Antonio Cándido
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Andrés Catena
- School of Psychology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18011 Granada, Spain
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Hu B, Zhu Y, Liu C, Zheng S, Zhao Z, Bao R. Collectivism, face concern and Chinese-style lurking among university students: the moderating role of trait mindfulness. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1298357. [PMID: 38449746 PMCID: PMC10915208 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1298357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study focuses on understanding the unique causes and mechanisms of "Chinese-style lurking" on WeChat among university students, within a cultural context that emphasizes collectivism and face concern. The research also looks into the moderating role of trait mindfulness. Methods For the confirmation of these phenomena and to validate the theories, a structural equation model was constructed using the Stress-Strain-Outcome (SSO) theory and mindfulness buffering theory. The model was then tested and validated with data from 1,453 valid online surveys. These data were analyzed using the SmartPLS 4.0 software. Results The results indicate that collectivism increases face concern, which in turn escalates online social anxiety. Face concern completely mediates between collectivism and online social anxiety, creating a serial mediation effect between face concern, online social anxiety, and lurking behavior. Additionally, trait mindfulness was found to negatively modulate the pathways from collectivism to face concern and from online social anxiety to lurking. Discussion The findings underscore the influence of traditional Chinese culture on contemporary students' online behavior and provide a new perspective for understanding social media lurking in an Eastern context. The results suggest that a mindfulness-based approach could be used to mitigate the associated silence and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of Economics and Finance, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
- Business Analytics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- School of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ziying Zhao
- School of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ruxiang Bao
- School of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
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Rosansky JA, Howard L, Goodman H, Okst K, Fatkin T, Fredericksen AK, Sokol R, Gardiner P, Parry G, Cook BL, Weiss RD, Schuman-Olivier ZD. Effects of live-online, group mindfulness training on opioid use and anxiety during buprenorphine treatment: A comparative effectiveness RCT. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 137:107417. [PMID: 38135210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Office-based opioid treatment with buprenorphine has emerged as a popular evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder. Unfortunately, psychosocial stress, anxiety, pain, and co-morbid substance use increase patients' risk for relapse. We designed this study to compare the effects of complementing buprenorphine treatment with 24 weeks of a live-online Mindful Recovery Opioid Care Continuum (M-ROCC) group to a time and attention-matched, live-online Recovery Support Group (RSG) active control condition. METHODS We plan to enroll a maximum of N = 280 and randomize at least N = 192 patients prescribed buprenorphine through referrals from office-based and telemedicine buprenorphine treatment providers and social media advertisements. Participants will be randomly assigned to M-ROCC or RSG and will be blinded to their treatment condition. The primary outcome for this study will be biochemically confirmed periods of abstinence from illicit opioids, as measured by self-reported use and randomly collected, video-observed oral fluid toxicology testing during the final 12 weeks of study participation. Secondary outcomes include changes in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) anxiety and pain interference scores between baseline and week 24. RESULTS The trial was funded by the National Institutes of Health, HEAL Initiative through NCCIH (R33AT010125). Data collection is projected to end by September 2023, and we expect publication of results in 2024. CONCLUSION If the M-ROCC intervention is found to be effective in this format, it will demonstrate that live-online mindfulness groups can improve outcomes and address common co-morbidities like anxiety and pain during buprenorphine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Rosansky
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Leah Howard
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America
| | - Hannah Goodman
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America
| | - Kayley Okst
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America
| | - Thomas Fatkin
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America
| | - A Kiera Fredericksen
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America
| | - Randi Sokol
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Department of Family Medicine, 1493 Cambridge St., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America; Tufts University School of Medicine, Family Medicine Residency Training Program, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02111, United States of America
| | - Paula Gardiner
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America
| | - Gareth Parry
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Benjamin L Cook
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Roger D Weiss
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, United States of America
| | - Zev D Schuman-Olivier
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, 350 Main Street, Suite 5126, Malden, MA 02148, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
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Liebherr M, Brandtner A, Brand M, Tang YY. Digital mindfulness training and cognitive functions: A preregistered systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1532:37-49. [PMID: 38197226 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Traditional mindfulness interventions have been frequently reported to be effective in improving cognitive functions. In recent years, however, traditional programs are being increasingly replaced by technology-enabled mindfulness training programs. The aim of the present systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021289480) is to evaluate the research evidence on their effects on cognitive functions. Empirical training studies in the realm of digital mindfulness training that fulfilled the inclusion criteria led to 19 studies and 1654 participants being included in this review from among the papers searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge. Results support previous assumptions on the potential of digital mindfulness training, with the most robust effect on attention control, followed by executive regulation, memory, cognitive flexibility, and other cognitive functions. However, the number of studies that did not find significant changes at least equaled, if not exceeded, the number of studies that found increases. The heterogeneity of identified studies prompted us to discuss several aspects in order to help the future development of digital applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Liebherr
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Annika Brandtner
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Yi-Yuan Tang
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Foale S, Botma Y, Heyns T. Mindfulness-based interventions to support wellbeing of adults in low socio-economic settings: a realist review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:52. [PMID: 38267955 PMCID: PMC10807132 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mindfulness as a modality involves training the innate human capacity for present-moment awareness with a view to cultivating a more harmonious and integrated life experience, especially in the face of hardship. Over the past four decades, the field of mindfulness has grown rapidly. Despite a substantial body of literature outlining the many benefits of mindfulness practice within a range of contexts and populations, the authors noticed that studies addressing the adaptation, application and value of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for adults within socio-economically challenged setting were scant. To address this gap, we conducted a realist review of studies pertaining to MBIs within low socio-economic settings, to determine the extend and nature of research in this sector and culminating in a program theory which may be useful for the design of interventions going forward. METHODS We selected realist review as the methodology as it is well suited to investigating the complex nature of social interventions. The value of realist review is that the exploration of the causal relationships between the mechanisms (M) within a specific context (C) towards particular outcomes (O) offers a deeper understanding of the intervention which may assist in more effective delivery going forward. The review follows the guidelines presented by the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Synthesis - Evolving Standards project. RESULTS Of the 112 documents identified, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these 12 studies, 10 were conducted in the United States, with little representation across the rest of the globe. The interventions described in these articles were varied. We identified mechanisms that offered beneficial outcomes for participants across a range of contexts, with indications of how interventions might be adapted towards greater accessibility, acceptability, and feasibility within communities. CONCLUSION By reviewing the various programs in their respective contexts, we developed a program theory for implementing socio-culturally adapted MBIs in low socio-economic settings. In the future, this program theory could be tested as a means to create a sense of wellbeing for people living in low socio-economic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foale
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Yvonne Botma
- School of Nursing, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Tanya Heyns
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Liang P, Jiang H, Wang H, Tang J. Mindfulness and impulsive behavior: exploring the mediating roles of self-reflection and coping effectiveness among high-level athletes in Central China. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1304901. [PMID: 38283206 PMCID: PMC10808761 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1304901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the highly competitive field of sports, impulsive behavior by athletes not only threatens personal and team harmony but also poses significant risks to their careers and public image. Despite these behaviors often becoming the focus of public attention, their underlying causes and prevention strategies remain relatively unknown. This study delves deep into the impact of mindfulness on athletes' impulsive behavior, revealing the mediating roles of self-reflection and coping effectiveness. Methods Using a combination of snowball and convenience sampling, a sample of 403 athletes from high-level sports teams in the Central China region participated in a questionnaire survey. The data were analyzed using Amos v.23 software. Results The findings indicate a positive correlation between mindfulness and coping effectiveness (standardized coefficient = 0.336, p < 0.001), as well as between self-reflection and coping effectiveness (standardized coefficient = 0.406, p < 0.001). There is a negative correlation between coping effectiveness and impulsive behavior (standardized coefficient = -0.476, p < 0.001). The positive impact of mindfulness on impulsive behavior (standardized coefficient = -0.371, p < 0.01) is mediated by self-reflection and coping effectiveness. The explanatory power of this study is R2 = 0.35. Discussion Mindfulness reduces impulsive behavior by enhancing self-reflection capabilities and improving coping effectiveness. Based on these substantive research results, to mitigate impulsive behavior in athletes, it is recommended that the National Sports Administration and coaches actively implement mindfulness training. Additionally, targeted psychological intervention strategies should be developed to enhance athletes' mental health levels and optimize their sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Liang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Hongyu Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
- Moray House School of Education, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jiaxin Tang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
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Featherston R, Barlow J, Song Y, Haysom Z, Loy B, Tufford L, Shlonsky A. Mindfulness-enhanced parenting programmes for improving the psychosocial outcomes of children (0 to 18 years) and their parents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 1:CD012445. [PMID: 38197473 PMCID: PMC10777456 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012445.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) in children are common, characterised by externalising or internalising behaviours that can be highly stable over time. EBD are an important cause of functional disability in childhood, and predictive of poorer psychosocial, academic, and occupational functioning into adolescence and adulthood. The prevalence, stability, and long-term consequences of EBD highlight the importance of intervening in childhood when behavioural patterns are more easily modified. Multiple factors contribute to the aetiology of EBD in children, and parenting plays an important role. The relationship between parenting and EBD has been described as bidirectional, with parents and children shaping one another's behaviour. One consequence of bidirectionality is that parents with insufficient parenting skills may become involved in increasingly negative behaviours when dealing with non-compliance in children. This can have a cyclical effect, exacerbating child behavioural difficulties and further increasing parental distress. Behavioural or skills-based parenting training can be highly effective in addressing EBD in children. However, emotional dysregulation may intercept some parents' ability to implement parenting skills, and there is recognition that skills-based interventions may benefit from adjunct components that better target parental emotional responses. Mindful parenting interventions have demonstrated some efficacy in improving child outcomes via improvements in parental emotion regulation, and there is potential for mindfulness training to enhance the effectiveness of standard parent training programmes. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-enhanced parent training programmes on the psychosocial functioning of children (aged 0 to 18 years) and their parents. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases up to April 2023: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Social Science & Humanities, AMED, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Campbell Collaboration Library of Systematic Reviews, as well as the following trials registers: ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP). We also contacted organisations/experts in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised and quasi-randomised trials. Participants were parents or caregivers of children under the age of 18. The intervention was mindfulness-enhanced parent training programmes compared with a no-intervention, waitlist, or attentional control, or a parent training programme with no mindfulness component. The intervention must have combined mindfulness parent training with behavioural or skills-based parent training. We defined parent training programmes in terms of the delivery of a standardised and manualised intervention over a specified and limited period, on a one-to-one or group-basis, with a well-defined mindfulness component. The mindfulness component must have included mindfulness training (breath, visualisation, listening, or other sensory focus) and an explicit focus on present-focused attention and non-judgemental acceptance. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We followed standard Cochrane procedures. MAIN RESULTS Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria, including one ongoing study. The studies compared a mindfulness-enhanced parent training programme with a no-treatment, waitlist, or attentional control (2 studies); a parent training programme with no mindfulness component (5 studies); both a no-treatment, waitlist, or attentional control and a parent training programme with no mindfulness component (4 studies). We assessed all studies as being at an unclear or high risk of bias across multiple domains. We pooled child and parent outcome data from 2118 participants to produce effect estimates. No study explicitly reported on self-compassion, and no adverse effects were reported in any of the studies. Mindfulness-enhanced parent training programmes compared to a no-treatment, waitlist, or attentional control Very low certainty evidence suggests there may be a small to moderate postintervention improvement in child emotional and behavioural adjustment (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.96 to 0.03; P = 0.06, I2 = 62%; 3 studies, 270 participants); a small improvement in parenting skills (SMD 0.22, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.39; P = 0.008, I2 = 0%; 3 studies, 587 participants); and a moderate decrease in parental depression or anxiety (SMD -0.50, 95% CI -0.96 to -0.04; P = 0.03; 1 study, 75 participants). There may also be a moderate to large decrease in parenting stress (SMD -0.79, 95% CI -1.80 to 0.23; P = 0.13, I2 = 82%; 2 studies, 112 participants) and a small improvement in parent mindfulness (SMD 0.21, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.56; P = 0.24, I2 = 69%; 3 studies, 515 participants), but we were not able to exclude little to no effect for these outcomes. Mindfulness-enhanced parent training programmes compared to parent training with no mindfulness component Very low certainty evidence suggests there may be little to no difference postintervention in child emotional and behavioural adjustment (SMD -0.09, 95% CI -0.58 to 0.40; P = 0.71, I2 = 64%; 5 studies, 203 participants); parenting skills (SMD 0.13, 95% CI -0.16 to 0.42; P = 0.37, I2 = 16%; 3 studies, 319 participants); and parent mindfulness (SMD 0.11, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.41; P = 0.48, I2 = 44%; 4 studies, 412 participants). There may be a slight decrease in parental depression or anxiety (SMD -0.24, 95% CI -0.83 to 0.34; P = 0.41; 1 study, 45 participants; very low certainty evidence), though we cannot exclude little to no effect, and a moderate decrease in parenting stress (SMD -0.51, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.18; P = 0.002, I2 = 2%; 3 studies, 150 participants; low certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Mindfulness-enhanced parenting training may improve some parent and child outcomes, with no studies reporting adverse effects. Evidence for the added value of mindfulness training to skills-based parenting training programmes is suggestive at present, with moderate reductions in parenting stress. Given the very low to low certainty evidence reviewed here, these estimates will likely change as more high-quality studies are produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Featherston
- Department of Social Work, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Caulfield, Australia
| | - Jane Barlow
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yunshan Song
- Department of Social Work, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Caulfield, Australia
| | - Zoe Haysom
- Department of Social Work, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Caulfield, Australia
| | - Brenda Loy
- Department of Social Work, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Caulfield, Australia
| | - Lea Tufford
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Professions, Laurentian University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aron Shlonsky
- Department of Social Work, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Caulfield, Australia
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Snyder S, Secinti E, Chinh K, Wu W, Johns SA, Mosher CE. Preliminary validation of the Cognitive Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised in cancer populations. Psychooncology 2024; 33:e6260. [PMID: 38103018 PMCID: PMC10923603 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A brief, valid, and comprehensive measure of mindfulness is needed for cancer populations. This study examined the factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, and measurement invariance of the 10-item Cognitive Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) in patients with cancer. METHODS Patients with breast, gastrointestinal, lung, or prostate cancer (N = 404, 50% stage IV cancer, 51% women) were recruited from academic and public clinics in Indianapolis, IN. Patients completed the CAMS-R and other psychological measures at one time point. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the dimensionality of the CAMS-R. Internal consistency and construct validity were also assessed. Measurement invariance was examined for gender, cancer type, and cancer stage. RESULTS CFA showed that the original CAMS-R structure with four first-order factors (attention, present focus, awareness, and acceptance) and one second-order factor (mindfulness) had a reasonable fit (RMSEA = 0.09, CFI = 0.95, SRMR = 0.04). Internal consistency was excellent (α = 0.90). The CAMS-R total score showed significant positive associations with several subscales of a widely used mindfulness questionnaire and self-compassion (rs = 0.61-0.66) and significant negative associations with anxiety, depressive symptoms, rumination, psychological inflexibility, and avoidant coping (rs = -0.35-0.58). Measurement invariance testing indicated that the CAMS-R was invariant across populations of varying genders, cancer types, and stages. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide preliminary support for using the CAMS-R in cancer populations. Future research should assess the responsiveness of the CAMS-R to intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Snyder
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ekin Secinti
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kelly Chinh
- Seattle Division, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Shelley A. Johns
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Catherine E. Mosher
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
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Meneo D, Martoni M, Giannandrea A, Tengattini V, Baglioni C. Mindfulness and self-compassion in dermatological conditions: a systematic narrative review. Psychol Health 2024; 39:268-300. [PMID: 35522563 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People affected by chronic skin conditions suffer from elevated levels of psychological distress. There is a need for evidence-based treatments that integrate medical care. Mindfulness and Self-compassion programs (MCBPs) have proven effective in chronic diseases. This systematic review aims to narratively synthesize the literature on mindfulness and self-compassion as traits and interventions in chronic skin conditions. DESIGN We searched four electronic databases for mindfulness and self-compassion trials and correlational studies in chronic skin conditions. We narratively synthetized results regarding the effects of mindfulness and self-compassion, both as traits and as interventions, on psychological and disease outcomes. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included in our review. Evidence from cross-sectional studies suggest that mindfulness and self-compassion are linked to lower psychological distress and better adjustment to the disease. MCBPs appear feasible for this population and can lower psychological distress, reduce disease severity and improve quality of life. Methodological issues limit conclusions on MCBP efficacy. Based on our analysis, we propose possible mechanisms that future research could explore. CONCLUSIONS The integration of MCBPs in the care process of chronic skin conditions appears promising. Definitive conclusions cannot be drawn due to a lack of strong evidence. Further studies with high methodological standards are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Meneo
- Human Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo, Marconi, Rome, Italy
| | - M Martoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Giannandrea
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Tengattini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Baglioni
- Human Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo, Marconi, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology/Sleep, Medicine, Centre for Mental Disorders, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany
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Liu Y, Chi X, Xin X. Storing, Not Reading: Investigating the Link Between Upward Social Comparison via Social Media and Digital Hoarding Behavior in Chinese Youth. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5209-5224. [PMID: 38152591 PMCID: PMC10752025 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Digital hoarding has emerged as a pervasive psychological phenomenon and behavioral challenge among contemporary youth. This study focused on exploring the relationship between upward social comparison via social media, fear of missing out (FoMO), mindfulness, digital hoarding behavior, and its underlying mechanisms. Methods A total of 927 young people participated in this cross-sectional study. Research instruments included the Social Comparison Scale, the Fear of Missing Out Scale, the Mindfulness Measure, and the Digital Hoarding Behavior Questionnaire. The data analysis comprised descriptive statistics and correlation analyses. Advanced analyses were conducted using Model 4 for mediation and Model 8 for moderation from the PROCESS macro. Results (1) Upward social comparison via social media was a strong predictor of digital hoarding behavior, even after controlling for variables such as gender, age, and education. (2) FoMO mediated the relationship between upward social comparison via social media and digital hoarding. (3) Mindfulness moderated both the direct effect of upward social comparison via social media on digital hoarding and the first segment of the mediating role of FoMO. Discussion The study further clarified the antecedents and psychological mechanisms that drive digital hoarding behavior. The findings contribute new perspectives for understanding the emerging concept of digital hoarding, while providing empirical evidence and valuable guidance for encouraging young adults to use social media responsibly and reduce impulsive hoarding tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People’s Republic of China
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Xin
- School of Communication and Media, Guangzhou Huashang College, Guangzhou, 511300, People’s Republic of China
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Kang M, Yang Y, Kim H, Jung S, Jin HY, Choi KH. The mechanisms of nature-based therapy on depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction: examining mindfulness in a two-wave mediation model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1330207. [PMID: 38187408 PMCID: PMC10768844 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1330207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nature-based therapy (NBT), which centers around engaging in activities within natural surroundings, has consistently demonstrated therapeutic benefits for mental health. While NBT highlights the potential of nature as a therapeutic resource for promoting mental health, there is limited knowledge regarding its underlying mechanisms. Methods Two hundred seventy-six Korean participants (204 women, mean age = 54.99 ± 23.25 years) participated in a 30-session gardening program held twice weekly for 15 weeks. Structural equation modeling with a two-wave autoregressive cross-lagged model was used to investigate the mediating effects of mindfulness. Results NBT significantly improved the mean scores of all psychological variables. The mediation model was partially confirmed, with mindfulness at post-intervention (T2) mediating the relationship between baseline (T1) depression and anxiety and post-intervention (T2) life satisfaction. However, no significant indirect effect was observed between the path from stress (T1) to life satisfaction (T2). Conclusion Mindfulness is a crucial component for improving mental health outcomes. This study underscores the need to prioritize and emphasize mindfulness practices in NBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kang
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Yang
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhie Jung
- Gardens and Education Research Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Jin
- Gardens and Education Research Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Teixeira-Santos AC, Gomes L, Pereira DR, Ribeiro F, Silva-Fernandes A, Federspiel C, Steinmetz JP, Leist AK. The MEDITAGING study: protocol of a two-armed randomized controlled study to compare the effects of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program against a health promotion program in older migrants in Luxembourg. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2470. [PMID: 38082350 PMCID: PMC10714656 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migration is a phenomenon worldwide, with older migrants, particularly those with fewer socioeconomic resources, having an increased risk of developing adverse cognitive and health outcomes and social isolation. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to validate interventions that promote healthy aging in this population. Previous studies have shown a positive impact of mindfulness based-stress reduction (MBSR) on outcomes such as cognition and sleep. However, only a few studies verified its potential in older adults, especially with vulnerable populations such as migrants. This article presents the protocol of the MEDITAGING study, which is the first to investigate the MBSR effects in migrants aged ≥55 in comparison to a health promotion program. METHODS MEDITAGING is a two-arm randomized, double-blinded, controlled study, which will include older Portuguese-speaking migrants (n = 90). Participants are randomized to the MBSR or a health promotion program. Both interventions are conducted in groups over a total of 8 weeks, incorporating weekly meetings, an additional 4-hour class, and extra at-home tasks. The health promotion program has the same structure as the MBSR but comprises different activities related to dementia prevention, healthy habits, cognitive stimulation, sleeping, nutrition, watercolor painting, and physical activity. The assessment of executive functioning, physiological stress measures, self-reported questionnaires, and qualitative interviews are conducted at baseline, after 8 weeks (post-intervention), and at a follow-up session (from one to 3 months thereafter). Analyzes will be conducted using a modified intention-to-treat approach (all participants with at least 3 days of participation in the group-sessions and one post-intervention observation). DISCUSSION This study will test effects of a mindfulness-based intervention against an active control condition in older adult migrants, which few studies have addressed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05615337 (date of registration: 27 September 2022; date of record verification: 14 November 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Teixeira-Santos
- Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Leandro Gomes
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Human Sciences, State University of Amazonas PPGICH/UEA, Manaus, Brazil
- NAURBE Group - Cities, Popular Cultures and Heritage, Federal University of Amazonas - Postgraduate Program in Social Anthropology, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Diana R Pereira
- Human Cognition Laboratory - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fabiana Ribeiro
- Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anabela Silva-Fernandes
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | | | - Anja K Leist
- Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Folger A, Nekkanti A, Williamson G, Guidinger C, Kelly NR. Rural sixth-grade teachers' and students' perceptions of a mindfulness-based mental health curriculum. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1277614. [PMID: 38106395 PMCID: PMC10722802 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1277614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have the potential to improve students' mood, behavior and cognitive functioning; yet, little is known about the feasibility and acceptability of adapting such programs for rural middle schools. Methods An exploratory qualitative evaluation was conducted to examine the feasibility and acceptability of an initial trial delivery of AttuneEd®, a trauma-informed, mindfulness-based mental health curriculum. In this single-group design study, 10 weekly lessons were taught in a middle school located in a rural town in the pacific northwest during 6th grade students' P.E. classes. Three P.E. teachers, 26 6th grade teachers, and one school counselor attended trainings before and mid-curriculum implementation, where they provided qualitative feedback. A total of 160 students completed acceptability surveys before and after curriculum delivery. Results Three themes were identified from qualitative data: cultural considerations, teacher self-efficacy, and barriers and facilitators to student acceptability. Student acceptability ratings were high. Students reported, on average, that the classes helped them better understand themselves and others. Conclusion Some identified needs for future MBIs include (1) the need for culturally sensitive, trauma-informed delivery strategies; (2) teachers' desire for more support in content delivery; and (3) students' desire to have their own teachers deliver the curriculum. Findings elucidate the nuances associated with implementing an MBI in a rural middle school and have notable implications for development, scalability, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Folger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Akhila Nekkanti
- Choice Filled Lives Network, Inc., Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Gina Williamson
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Claire Guidinger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Nichole R. Kelly
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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Juszczyk-Kalina A, Holas P, Farchione TJ. Effectiveness and mediators of change of an online CBT intervention for students with adjustment disorder-study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:777. [PMID: 38041148 PMCID: PMC10691050 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjustment problems and disorders are highly prevalent among university students worldwide. These problems can cause significant interference in academic and social functioning and increase vulnerability to other mental health disorders. Unfortunately, only half of students in need receive psychological help. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated psychological interventions for adjustment disorders in students. New, more scalable forms of treatment for students with an adjustment disorder need to be developed, evaluated, and implemented. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of an online transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural intervention for students experiencing adjustment disorder and to assess mediators of change. METHOD/DESIGN In this three-arm randomized controlled trial, we plan to recruit 214 Polish students diagnosed with an adjustment disorder. Participants who meet initial eligibility criteria will be randomly assigned to one of three 6-week conditions: (1) online cognitive behavioural therapy intervention based on an existing, empirically supported transdiagnostic protocol, the unified protocol; (2) online progressive muscle relaxation training as an active control group; or (3) waiting-list control group. Both interventions are asynchronous, interactive, and include minimal amount of therapist support. Assessments will consist of self-report questionnaires, daily diary measures, and neurocognitive tasks for evaluating cognitive functioning. These will be conducted at baseline, post-treatment, and 1-month follow-up. Daily diary measures will be taken during the first and last week of treatment (or waitlist period). Primary outcome measures will include adjustment disorder severity; secondary outcome measures will consist of other negative (psychopathology: depression, anxiety, and stress) and positive (life satisfaction) indexes of mental health as well as process measures (e.g. mindfulness, experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion). DISCUSSION To our knowledge, the current study is the first to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychological intervention for students with adjustment disorder. Therefore, it may have important practical implications for students with this disorder. It can potentially guide the development of a scalable, validated treatment option. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials, NCT05768308, registered 14 March 2023, https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT05768308.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Holas
- Department of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Knezevic E, Nenic K, Milanovic V, Knezevic NN. The Role of Cortisol in Chronic Stress, Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Psychological Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:2726. [PMID: 38067154 PMCID: PMC10706127 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortisol, a critical glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a pivotal role in various physiological processes. Its release is finely orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, governing the circadian rhythm and activating the intricate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a vital neuroendocrine system responsible for stress response and maintaining homeostasis. Disruptions in cortisol regulation due to chronic stress, disease, and aging have profound implications for multiple bodily systems. Animal models have been instrumental in elucidating these complex cortisol dynamics during stress, shedding light on the interplay between physiological, neuroendocrine, and immune factors in the stress response. These models have also revealed the impact of various stressors, including social hierarchies, highlighting the role of social factors in cortisol regulation. Moreover, chronic stress is closely linked to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, driven by excessive cortisol production and HPA axis dysregulation, along with neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. The relationship between cortisol dysregulation and major depressive disorder is complex, characterized by HPA axis hyperactivity and chronic inflammation. Lastly, chronic pain is associated with abnormal cortisol patterns that heighten pain sensitivity and susceptibility. Understanding these multifaceted mechanisms and their effects is essential, as they offer insights into potential interventions to mitigate the detrimental consequences of chronic stress and cortisol dysregulation in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Knezevic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (E.K.); (K.N.); (V.M.)
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Katarina Nenic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (E.K.); (K.N.); (V.M.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Vladislav Milanovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (E.K.); (K.N.); (V.M.)
- College of Medicine Rockford, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (E.K.); (K.N.); (V.M.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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46
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Herman R, Clark T. It's not a virus! Reconceptualizing and de-pathologizing music performance anxiety. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1194873. [PMID: 38022988 PMCID: PMC10667921 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1194873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Music Performance Anxiety (MPA) is one of the most widespread and debilitating challenges facing musicians, affecting significant numbers of performers in terms of both their personal and professional functioning. Although numerous interventions exist to target MPA, its prevalence remains unchanged since the first large-scale studies of the 1980s, indicating that available interventions are having limited impact. This review synthesizes and critiques existing literature in order to investigate possible reasons for the limited efficacy of current approaches to managing MPA. Key concepts discussed include conceptual and methodological challenges surrounding defining MPA, theoretical perspectives on MPA's etiology and manifestation, and the coping strategies and interventions used to manage MPA. MPA has predominantly been investigated pathologically and defined as a negative construct manifesting in unwanted symptoms. Based on this conceptualization, interventions largely seek to manage MPA through ameliorating symptoms. This review discusses possible reasons why this approach has broadly not proved successful, including the issue of relaxation being both unrealistic and counterproductive for peak performance, issues associated with intentionally changing one's state creating resistance thus exacerbating anxiety, and focusing on the presence of, rather than response to, symptoms. Despite 50 years of research, MPA remains an unsolved enigma and continues to adversely impact musicians both on and off the stage. Reconceptualizing MPA as a normal and adaptive response to the pressures of performance may offer a new perspective on it, in terms of its definition, assessment and management, with practical as well as theoretical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Herman
- Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, London, United Kingdom
| | - Terry Clark
- Mount Royal Conservatory, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Lu C, Moliadze V, Nees F. Dynamic processes of mindfulness-based alterations in pain perception. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1253559. [PMID: 38027503 PMCID: PMC10665508 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1253559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness-based processes have been shown to enhance attention and related behavioral responses, including analgesia, which is discussed as an effective method in the context of pain interventions. In the present review, we introduce the construct of mindfulness, delineating the concepts, factors, and processes that are summarized under this term and might serve as relevant components of the underlying mechanistic pathways in the field of pain. We also discuss how differences in factors such as definitions of mindfulness, study design, and strategies in mindfulness-based attention direction may need to be considered when putting the findings from previous studies into a whole framework. In doing so, we capitalize on a potential dynamic process model of mindfulness-based analgesia. In this respect, the so-called mindfulness-based analgesia may initially result from improved cognitive regulation strategies, while at later stages of effects may be driven by a reduction of interference between both cognitive and affective factors. With increasing mindfulness practice, pathways and mechanisms of mindfulness analgesia may change dynamically, which could result from adaptive coping. This is underlined by the fact that the neural mechanism of mindfulness analgesia is manifested as increased activation in the ACC and aINS at the beginner level while increased activation in the pINS and reduced activation in the lPFC at the expert level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frauke Nees
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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Sahin NH, Tasso AF, Guler M. Attachment and emotional regulation: examining the role of prefrontal cortex functions, executive functions, and mindfulness in their relationship. Cogn Process 2023; 24:619-631. [PMID: 37368059 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-023-01144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Attachment is a prominent area of psychological research, with its relevance linked to executive functions, mindfulness, and emotional regulation. The purpose of this study is to examine this relationship among these aforementioned four constructs and propose a model to be tested in the future. Based on the current trends using the Interpersonal Neurobiology approach, which assumes prefrontal cortex functions to include other socioemotional resources such as empathy, morality, insight, behavior, and body regulation. Our study included prefrontal cortical functions alongside executive functions. The assessment instruments used were Attachment-Based Cognitive Representations Scale, Prefrontal Cortex Functions Scale, Webexec, Five Facet Mindfulness Scale, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. We hypothesized that attachment would be the strongest predictor of emotional regulation. The participants in the study were 539 college students (mean = 20.21; sd = 1.57); (68% female and 32%, male). Our a priori research hypothesis was supported, with an additional finding that trait mindfulness was also a significant predictor. The strongest correlations with attachment styles were with trait mindfulness and emotional regulation. We conducted path analyses of two different models for secure and insecure attachment. The path analyses showed that secure attachment scores were negatively related, and insecure attachment scores were positively related to difficulties in emotional regulation scores. Furthermore, trait mindfulness and prefrontal cortex functions also mediated this relationship. However, there was no significant relationship between executive functions and difficulties in emotional regulation scores, even though it was significantly related to attachment. Results and implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Hisli Sahin
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, USA.
| | - Anthony F Tasso
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, USA
| | - Murat Guler
- Department of Business Administration, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
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White MP, Hartig T, Martin L, Pahl S, van den Berg AE, Wells NM, Costongs C, Dzhambov AM, Elliott LR, Godfrey A, Hartl A, Konijnendijk C, Litt JS, Lovell R, Lymeus F, O'Driscoll C, Pichler C, Pouso S, Razani N, Secco L, Steininger MO, Stigsdotter UK, Uyarra M, van den Bosch M. Nature-based biopsychosocial resilience: An integrative theoretical framework for research on nature and health. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108234. [PMID: 37832260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Nature-based solutions including urban forests and wetlands can help communities cope better with climate change and other environmental stressors by enhancing social-ecological resilience. Natural ecosystems, settings, elements and affordances can also help individuals become more personally resilient to a variety of stressors, although the mechanisms underpinning individual-level nature-based resilience, and their relations to social-ecological resilience, are not well articulated. We propose 'nature-based biopsychosocial resilience theory' (NBRT) to address these gaps. Our framework begins by suggesting that individual-level resilience can refer to both: a) a person's set of adaptive resources; and b) the processes by which these resources are deployed. Drawing on existing nature-health perspectives, we argue that nature contact can support individuals build and maintain biological, psychological, and social (i.e. biopsychosocial) resilience-related resources. Together with nature-based social-ecological resilience, these biopsychosocial resilience resources can: i) reduce the risk of various stressors (preventive resilience); ii) enhance adaptive reactions to stressful circumstances (response resilience), and/or iii) facilitate more rapid and/or complete recovery from stress (recovery resilience). Reference to these three resilience processes supports integration across more familiar pathways involving harm reduction, capacity building, and restoration. Evidence in support of the theory, potential interventions to promote nature-based biopsychosocial resilience, and issues that require further consideration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew P White
- Cognitive Science HUB, University of Vienna, Austria; European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, UK.
| | - Terry Hartig
- Institute for Housing and Urban Research, Uppsala University, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Leanne Martin
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Sabine Pahl
- Urban and Environmental Psychology Group, University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Nancy M Wells
- Department of Human Centered Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Environmental Health Division, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Lewis R Elliott
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | | | - Arnulf Hartl
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Jill S Litt
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebecca Lovell
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Freddie Lymeus
- Institute for Housing and Urban Research, Uppsala University, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Christina Pichler
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sarai Pouso
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Nooshin Razani
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Laura Secco
- Department of Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali (TESAF), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ulrika K Stigsdotter
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Uyarra
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Matilda van den Bosch
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Motevalli S, Salahshour HM, Bailey RP. The mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:676-682. [PMID: 37479040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The research was conducted by correlation method) using Structural Equation Modeling). The statistical population consisted of all women and men with type 2 diabetes. Two hundred fifty-three samples were selected by convenience sampling method. The participants responded to the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills, and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. RESULTS The results showed that the total path coefficient between the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness (β = 0.243, P = 0.005) was positive and significant, and the total path coefficient between the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness (β = -0.453, P = 0.001) was negative and significant. The path coefficient between cognitive flexibility and mindfulness (β = 0.273, P = 0.009) was positive and significant. The indirect path coefficient between the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness (β = 0.094, P = 0.007) was positive and significant, and the indirect path coefficient between the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness (β = -0.117, P = 0.009) was negative and significant. CONCLUSION Improving emotion regulation skills increases cognitive flexibility and mindfulness in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Motevalli
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences & Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | - Richard Peter Bailey
- Department of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences & Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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