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Thomas S, Kelliher S, Krishnan A. Heterogeneity of platelets and their responses. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102356. [PMID: 38666061 PMCID: PMC11043642 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing recognition of heterogeneity in blood platelets and their responses, particularly in recent years, where next-generation technologies and advanced bioinformatic tools that interrogate "big data" have enabled large-scale studies of RNA and protein expression across a growing list of disease states. However, pioneering platelet biologists and clinicians were already hypothesizing upon and investigating heterogeneity in platelet (and megakaryocyte) activity and platelet metabolism and aggregation over half a century ago. Building on their foundational hypotheses, in particular Professor Marian A. Packham's pioneering work and a State of the Art lecture in her memoriam at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress by Anandi Krishnan, this review outlines the key features that contribute to the heterogeneity of platelets between and within individuals. Starting with important epidemiologic factors, we move stepwise through successively smaller scales down to heterogeneity revealed by single-cell technologies in health and disease. We hope that this overview will urge future scientific and clinical studies to recognize and account for heterogeneity of platelets and aim to apply methods that capture that heterogeneity. Finally, we summarize other exciting new data presented on this topic at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Thomas
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, National Health Services, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Kelliher
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anandi Krishnan
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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2
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Wang A, Guan B, Zhang H, Xu H. Danger-associated metabolites trigger metaflammation: A crowbar in cardiometabolic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106983. [PMID: 37931790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are characterized by a series of metabolic disorders and chronic low-grade inflammation. CMDs contribute to a high burden of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Host-microbial metabolic regulation that triggers metaflammation is an emerging field of study that promotes a new perspective for perceiving cardiovascular risks. The term metaflammation denotes the entire cascade of immune responses activated by a new class of metabolites known as "danger-associated metabolites" (DAMs). It is being proposed by the present review for the first time. We summarize current studies covering bench to bedside aspects of DAMs to better understand CMDs in the context of DAMs. We have focused on the involvement of DAMs in the pathophysiological development of CMDs, including the disruption of immune homeostasis and chronic inflammation-triggered damage leading to CMD-related adverse events, as well as emerging therapeutic approaches for targeting DAM metabolism in CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anlu Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - He Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China.
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Gonçalves TAF, Lima VS, de Almeida AJPO, de Arruda AV, Veras ACMF, Lima TT, Soares EMC, Santos ACD, Vasconcelos MECD, de Almeida Feitosa MS, Veras RC, de Medeiros IA. Carvacrol Improves Vascular Function in Hypertensive Animals by Modulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:3032. [PMID: 37447358 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene, has diverse biological activities, highlighting its antioxidant and antihypertensive capacity. However, there is little evidence demonstrating its influence on vascular regeneration. Therefore, we evaluated the modulation of carvacrol on endothelial repair induced by endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in hypertension. Twelve-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated with a vehicle, carvacrol (50 or 100 mg/kg/day), or resveratrol (10 mg/kg/day) orally for four weeks. Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as the normotensive controls. Their systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured weekly through the tail cuff. The EPCs were isolated from the bone marrow and peripherical circulation and were quantified by flow cytometry. The functionality of the EPC was evaluated after cultivation through the quantification of colony-forming units (CFU), evaluation of eNOS, intracellular detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and evaluation of senescence. The superior mesenteric artery was isolated to evaluate the quantification of ROS, CD34, and CD31. Treatment with carvacrol induced EPC migration, increased CFU formation and eNOS expression and activity, and reduced ROS and senescence. In addition, carvacrol reduced vascular ROS and increased CD31 and CD34 expression. This study showed that treatment with carvacrol improved the functionality of EPC, contributing to the reduction of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviane Silva Lima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58059-900, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Alinne Villar de Arruda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58059-900, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís Trajano Lima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58059-900, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Robson Cavalcante Veras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58059-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Isac Almeida de Medeiros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58059-900, PB, Brazil
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Asgari A, Jurasz P. Role of Nitric Oxide in Megakaryocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098145. [PMID: 37175857 PMCID: PMC10179655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are the main members of the hematopoietic system responsible for regulating vascular homeostasis through their progeny platelets, which are generally known for maintaining hemostasis. Megakaryocytes are characterized as large polyploid cells that reside in the bone marrow but may also circulate in the vasculature. They are generated directly or through a multi-lineage commitment step from the most primitive progenitor or Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) in a process called "megakaryopoiesis". Immature megakaryocytes enter a complicated development process defined as "thrombopoiesis" that ultimately results in the release of extended protrusions called proplatelets into bone marrow sinusoidal or lung microvessels. One of the main mediators that play an important modulatory role in hematopoiesis and hemostasis is nitric oxide (NO), a free radical gas produced by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase within the mammalian cells. In this review, we summarize the effect of NO and its signaling on megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asgari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2E1, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2E1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2H7, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2S2, Canada
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G-2R7, Canada
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5
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Tartara F, Montalbetti A, Crobeddu E, Armocida D, Tavazzi E, Cardia A, Cenzato M, Boeris D, Garbossa D, Cofano F. Compartmental Cerebrospinal Fluid Events Occurring after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An "Heparin Oriented" Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7832. [PMID: 37175544 PMCID: PMC10178276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a severe acute event with high morbidity and mortality due to the development of early brain injury (EBI), secondary delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), and shunt-related hydrocephalus. Secondary events (SSE) such as neuroinflammation, vasospasm, excitotoxicity, blood-brain barrier disruption, oxidative cascade, and neuronal apoptosis are related to DCI. Despite improvement in management strategies and therapeutic protocols, surviving patients frequently present neurological deficits with neurocognitive impairment. The aim of this paper is to offer to clinicians a practical review of the actually documented pathophysiological events following subarachnoid hemorrhage. To reach our goal we performed a literature review analyzing reported studies regarding the mediators involved in the pathophysiological events following SAH occurring in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (hemoglobin degradation products, platelets, complement, cytokines, chemokines, leucocytes, endothelin-1, NO-synthase, osteopontin, matricellular proteins, blood-brain barrier disruption, microglia polarization). The cascade of pathophysiological events secondary to SAH is very complex and involves several interconnected, but also distinct pathways. The identification of single therapeutical targets or specific pharmacological agents may be a limited strategy able to block only selective pathophysiological paths, but not the global evolution of SAH-related events. We report furthermore on the role of heparin in SAH management and discuss the rationale for use of intrathecal heparin as a pleiotropic therapeutical agent. The combination of the anticoagulant effect and the ability to interfere with SSE theoretically make heparin a very interesting molecule for SAH management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Tartara
- IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale C. Mondino, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Montalbetti
- A.O.U. Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Crobeddu
- A.O.U. Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Daniele Armocida
- A.U.O. Policlinico Umberto I, Neurosurgery Division, Human Neurosciences Department, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tavazzi
- IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale C. Mondino, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Cardia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marco Cenzato
- Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Neurosurgery, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Boeris
- Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Neurosurgery, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neurosurgery Unit, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Cofano
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neurosurgery Unit, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy
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Russo I, Barale C, Melchionda E, Penna C, Pagliaro P. Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076107. [PMID: 37047079 PMCID: PMC10094148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) represent a pair of biologically active gases with an increasingly well-defined range of effects on circulating platelets. These gases interact with platelets and cells in the vessels and heart and exert fundamentally similar biological effects, albeit through different mechanisms and with some peculiarity. Within the cardiovascular system, for example, the gases are predominantly vasodilators and exert antiaggregatory effects, and are protective against damage in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Indeed, NO is an important vasodilator acting on vascular smooth muscle and is able to inhibit platelet activation. NO reacts with superoxide anion (O2(-•)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), a nitrosating agent capable of inducing oxidative/nitrative signaling and stress both at cardiovascular, platelet, and plasma levels. CO reduces platelet reactivity, therefore it is an anticoagulant, but it also has some cardioprotective and procoagulant properties. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the platelets and roles of gas mediators (NO, and CO) in cardioprotection. In particular, we aim to examine the link and interactions between platelets, NO, and CO and cardioprotective pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Russo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Barale
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Melchionda
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy
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The Role of NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG Signaling Pathway in Regulation of Platelet Function. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223704. [PMID: 36429131 PMCID: PMC9688146 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating blood platelets are controlled by stimulatory and inhibitory factors, and a tightly regulated equilibrium between these two opposing processes is essential for normal platelet and vascular function. NO/cGMP/ Protein Kinase G (PKG) pathways play a highly significant role in platelet inhibition, which is supported by a large body of studies and data. This review focused on inconsistent and controversial data of NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG signaling in platelets including sources of NO that activate sGC in platelets, the role of sGC/PKG in platelet inhibition/activation, and the complexity of the regulation of platelet inhibitory mechanisms by cGMP/PKG pathways. In conclusion, we suggest that the recently developed quantitative phosphoproteomic method will be a powerful tool for the analysis of PKG-mediated effects. Analysis of phosphoproteins in PKG-activated platelets will reveal many new PKG substrates. A future detailed analysis of these substrates and their involvement in different platelet inhibitory pathways could be a basis for the development of new antiplatelet drugs that may target only specific aspects of platelet functions.
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Back V, Asgari A, Franczak A, Saito M, Castaneda Zaragoza D, Sandow SL, Plane F, Jurasz P. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by activation of platelet intermediate conductance Ca 2+ -activated potassium channels. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2587-2600. [PMID: 35867883 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the vasculature platelets and endothelial cells play crucial roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets, like endothelial cells, possess intermediate conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ (IKCa ) channels and generate nitric oxide (NO). Although NO limits platelet aggregation, the role of IKCa channels in platelet function and NO generation has not yet been explored. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether IKCa channel activation inhibits platelet aggregation, and per endothelial cells, enhances platelet NO production. METHODS Platelets were isolated from human volunteers. Aggregometry, confocal microscopy, and a novel flow chamber model, the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) were used to assess platelet function. Flow cytometry was used to measure platelet NO production, calcium signaling, membrane potential, integrin αIIb /β3 activation, granule release, and procoagulant platelet formation. RESULTS Platelet IKCa channel activation with SKA-31 inhibited aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner, an effect reversed by the selective IKCa channel blocker TRAM-34. The QCM model along with confocal microscopy demonstrated that SKA-31 inhibited platelet aggregation under flow conditions. Surprisingly, IKCa activation by SKA-31 inhibited platelet NO generation, but this could be explained by a concomitant reduction in platelet calcium signaling. IKCa activation by SKA-31 also inhibited dense and alpha-granule secretion and integrin αIIb /β3 activation, but maintained platelet phosphatidylserine surface exposure as a measure of procoagulant response. CONCLUSIONS Platelet IKCa channel activation inhibits aggregation by reducing calcium-signaling and granule secretion, but not by enhancing platelet NO generation. IKCa channels may be novel targets for the development of antiplatelet drugs that limit atherothrombosis, but not coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Back
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amir Asgari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Franczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Max Saito
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Diego Castaneda Zaragoza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shaun L Sandow
- Biomedical Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sydney, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Queensland, Australia
| | - Frances Plane
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Relationship between the Soluble F11 Receptor and Annexin A5 in African Americans Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081818. [PMID: 36009365 PMCID: PMC9405000 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, increased thrombogenicity, and inflammation. The soluble human F11 receptor (sF11R) and annexin A5 (ANXA5) play crucial roles in inflammatory thrombosis and atherosclerosis. We examined the relationship between circulating sF11R and ANXA5 and their impact on endothelial function. The study included 125 patients with T2DM. Plasma levels of sF11R and ANXA5 were quantified by ELISA. Microvascular function was assessed using the vascular reactivity index (VRI). Large artery stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was assessed by B-mode ultrasound imaging. The mean age of patients in the study was 59.7 ± 7.8 years, 78% had hypertension, 76% had dyslipidemia, and 12% had CKD. sF11R correlated positively with ANXA5 levels (β = 0.250, p = 0.005), and correlated inversely with VRI and total nitic oxide (NO), (β = −0.201, p = 0.024; β = −0.357, p = 0.0001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that sF11R was independently associated with ANXA5 in the total population and in patients with HbA1c > 6.5% (β = 0.366, p = 0.007; β = 0.425, p = 0.0001, respectively). sF11R and ANXA5 were not associated with vascular outcome, suggesting that they may not be reliable markers of vascular dysfunction in diabetes. The clinical significance of sF11R/ANXA5 association in diabetes warrants further investigation in a larger population.
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10
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Margraf A, Perretti M. Immune Cell Plasticity in Inflammation: Insights into Description and Regulation of Immune Cell Phenotypes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111824. [PMID: 35681519 PMCID: PMC9180515 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a life-saving immune reaction occurring in response to invading pathogens. Nonetheless, inflammation can also occur in an uncontrolled, unrestricted manner, leading to chronic disease and organ damage. Mechanisms triggering an inflammatory response, hindering such a response, or leading to its resolution are well-studied but so far insufficiently elucidated with regard to precise therapeutic interventions. Notably, as an immune reaction evolves, requirements and environments for immune cells change, and thus cellular phenotypes adapt and shift, leading to the appearance of distinct cellular subpopulations with new functional features. In this article, we aim to highlight properties of, and overarching regulatory factors involved in, the occurrence of immune cell phenotypes with a special focus on neutrophils, macrophages and platelets. Additionally, we point out implications for both diagnostics and therapeutics in inflammation research.
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11
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Bladowski M, Szahidewicz-Krupska E, Wiśniewski J, Fortuna P, Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J, Budrewicz S, Fleszar M, Doroszko A. Changes in the Plasma and Platelet Nitric Oxide Biotransformation Metabolites during Ischemic Stroke-A Dynamic Human LC/MS Metabolomic Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050955. [PMID: 35624819 PMCID: PMC9137966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvement in the management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, ischemic stroke remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the adult population. The aim of this study was to analyze the time-dependent dynamic differences in expression of the nitric oxide (NO) metabolic pathway in the platelet and plasma compartment between subjects with and without ischemic stroke. Additionally, the interplay between these parameters and platelet aggregation was investigated. A total of 418 patients in acute phase of non-cardioembolic stroke were investigated. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 40 subjects with stroke and 39 demographically matched healthy participants were enrolled. Neurological physical examination, followed by assessment of the platelet and plasma levels of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, including asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), as well as NOS substrate-L-Arginine were performed dynamically three times within the first 24-h, then on the 3rd and 7th day after the stroke onset, which was compared with the healthy control. The platelet L-Arginine concentration was significantly higher on the 1st and 3rd day of stroke, while the plasma levels were significantly lower on exact days in comparison to the control. The competitive NOS-inhibitors in platelets were stably elevated in stroke subjects, whereas no significant differences in plasma compartment were noted. The arachidonic-acid-induced platelet aggregation was negatively associated with the platelet NOS substrate bioavailability, as assessed by the L−Arginine ADMA-ratio on the 3rd and 7th day. Subjects with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke are characterized by elevated platelet levels of NOS inhibitors. Management of stroke results in increasing the platelet L-Arginine concentration and subsequent NO bioavailability in the platelet compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Bladowski
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213 Str., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Ewa Szahidewicz-Krupska
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213 Str., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10 Str., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.W.); (P.F.); (M.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Fortuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10 Str., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.W.); (P.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Justyna Chojdak-Łukasiewicz
- Department and Clinic of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213 Str., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.C.-Ł.); (S.B.)
| | - Slawomir Budrewicz
- Department and Clinic of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213 Str., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.C.-Ł.); (S.B.)
| | - Mariusz Fleszar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10 Str., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.W.); (P.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Adrian Doroszko
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213 Str., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (E.S.-K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-736-4000
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12
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Zhang X, Tian B, Deng Q, Cao J, Ding X, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Ye C, Deng C, Qiu L, Guo C. Nicotinamide riboside relieves the severity of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis by regulating endothelial function via eNOS deacetylation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 184:218-229. [PMID: 35430341 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is involved in regulating oxidative stress. Although NAD+ is associated with various health issues, its role in the intestinal microcirculation in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains to be confirmed. In the current study, we explored whether nicotinamide riboside (NR), a natural NAD + precursor, ameliorates the severity of NEC through endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) signaling. METHODS A mouse experimental NEC model was induced by formula gavage and hypoxia in full-term mouse pups. Intestinal endothelial cells (MIMECs) were isolated and subjected to stress using tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. NR was administered to assess the intestinal microcirculation and lipid peroxidation levels and to explore the involved signaling pathways. RESULTS NAD + levels were reduced after induction of NEC stress, which was associated with intestinal injury. NR administration promoted NAD + levels, attenuated oxidative stress and relieved the symptoms of experimental NEC, which were relevant to increased intestinal microcirculatory perfusion through the sirtuin (SIRT) 1 pathway in experimental NEC mice. However, this improvement was not found in eNOS-knockout mice. Consistently, MIMECs exposed to TNFα showed decreased SIRT1 activity associated with increased eNOS acetylation, which could bring about endothelial dysfunction due to limited nitric oxide production. NR administration increased the NAD + content and repressed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MIMECs under TNFα stress. NR also promoted SIRT1 activity and accordingly suppressed the eNOS acetylation levels under TNFα stress. CONCLUSION The current data indicate that NR administration improves the survival of experimental NEC mice via SIRT1-associated eNOS acetylation/deacetylation modulation, which is implicated in endothelial dysfunction. Although NR is commonly found in the human diet, it may also be a promising strategy for NEC treatment because of its pathogenic association with NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of General and Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400054, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qin Deng
- Department of General and Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400054, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of General and Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xionghui Ding
- Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qingshuang Liu
- Department of General and Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Cuilian Ye
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, PR China
| | - Chun Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400054, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Department of General and Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Development and Critical Disorders in Children, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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13
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Hamad MA, Krauel K, Schanze N, Gauchel N, Stachon P, Nuehrenberg T, Zurek M, Duerschmied D. Platelet Subtypes in Inflammatory Settings. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:823549. [PMID: 35463762 PMCID: PMC9021412 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.823549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their essential role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets also modulate inflammatory reactions and immune responses. This is achieved by specialized surface receptors as well as secretory products including inflammatory mediators and cytokines. Platelets can support and facilitate the recruitment of leukocytes into inflamed tissue. The various properties of platelet function make it less surprising that circulating platelets are different within one individual. Platelets have different physical properties leading to distinct subtypes of platelets based either on their function (procoagulant, aggregatory, secretory) or their age (reticulated/immature, non-reticulated/mature). To understand the significance of platelet phenotypic variation, qualitatively distinguishable platelet phenotypes should be studied in a variety of physiological and pathological circumstances. The advancement in proteomics instrumentation and tools (such as mass spectrometry-driven approaches) improved the ability to perform studies beyond that of foundational work. Despite the wealth of knowledge around molecular processes in platelets, knowledge gaps in understanding platelet phenotypes in health and disease exist. In this review, we report an overview of the role of platelet subpopulations in inflammation and a selection of tools for investigating the role of platelet subpopulations in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muataz Ali Hamad
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Krystin Krauel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nancy Schanze
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Gauchel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Thomas Nuehrenberg
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology II, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Mark Zurek
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology II, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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14
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Influence of Humoral Factors on Hemostatic Properties of Blood In Vitro in Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 172:539-542. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05428-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Sachs L, Wesche J, Lenkeit L, Greinacher A, Bender M, Otto O, Palankar R. Ex vivo anticoagulants affect human blood platelet biomechanics with implications for high-throughput functional mechanophenotyping. Commun Biol 2022; 5:86. [PMID: 35064207 PMCID: PMC8782918 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02982-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited platelet disorders affecting the human platelet cytoskeleton result in increased bleeding risk. However, deciphering their impact on cytoskeleton-dependent intrinsic biomechanics of platelets remains challenging and represents an unmet need from a diagnostic and prognostic perspective. It is currently unclear whether ex vivo anticoagulants used during collection of peripheral blood impact the mechanophenotype of cellular components of blood. Using unbiased, high-throughput functional mechanophenotyping of single human platelets by real-time deformability cytometry, we found that ex vivo anticoagulants are a critical pre-analytical variable that differentially influences platelet deformation, their size, and functional response to agonists by altering the cytoskeleton. We applied our findings to characterize the functional mechanophenotype of platelets from a patient with Myosin Heavy Chain 9 (MYH9) related macrothrombocytopenia. Our data suggest that platelets from MYH9 p.E1841K mutation in humans affecting platelet non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa (NMMHC-IIA) are biomechanically less deformable in comparison to platelets from healthy individuals. Sachs et al. examine the effects of different ex vivo anticoagulants on the biomechanical and functional properties of single platelets using high-throughput real-time fluorescence and deformability cytometry (RT-FDC). Their results demonstrate that the choice of ex vivo anticoagulant may strongly impact the outcomes of mechanophenotyping.
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16
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Chirkov YY, Nguyen TH, Horowitz JD. Impairment of Anti-Aggregatory Responses to Nitric Oxide and Prostacyclin: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031042. [PMID: 35162966 PMCID: PMC8835624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The propensity towards platelet-rich thrombus formation increases substantially during normal ageing, and this trend is mediated by decreases in platelet responsiveness to the anti-aggregatory nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2) pathways. The impairment of soluble guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase-based signalling that is associated with oxidative stress represents the major mechanism of this loss of anti-aggregatory reactivity. Platelet desensitization to these autacoids represents an adverse prognostic marker in patients with ischemic heart disease and may contribute to increased thrombo-embolic risk in patients with heart failure. Patients with platelet resistance to PGI2 also are unresponsive to ADP receptor antagonist therapy. Apart from ischemia, diabetes and aortic valve disease are also associated with impaired anti-aggregatory homeostasis. This review examines the association of impaired platelet cyclic nucleotide (i.e., cGMP and cAMP) signalling with the emerging evidence of thromboembolic risk in cardiovascular diseases, and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies targeting this abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John D. Horowitz
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61(08)-8222-7635; Fax: +61(08)-8222-6422
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17
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Spurgeon BEJ, Frelinger AL. Comprehensive phenotyping of human platelets by single-cell cytometry. Cytometry A 2022; 101:290-297. [PMID: 34997669 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate blood cells that contribute to hemostasis, immunity, and inflammation. Circulating platelets are heterogeneous in size, age, receptor expression, and reactivity. They inherit many features from megakaryocytes and are further modified on exposure to bioactive substances in the bloodstream. Among these substances, prothrombotic agonists, vasodilators, and bloodborne pathogens modulate platelet phenotypes via distinct signaling cascades. The ability of platelets to respond to (patho)physiologic signals is incompletely understood but likely depends on their repertoire of surface receptors, which may partition them into discrete subsets with specialized functions and divergent abilities. The single-cell resolution of flow and mass cytometry is ideal for immunophenotyping and allows the identification of platelet subsets in remarkable detail. In this report, we describe the surface markers and gating strategies needed for the comprehensive characterization of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E J Spurgeon
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew L Frelinger
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Platelets in COVID-19 disease: friend, foe, or both? Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:1182-1197. [PMID: 36463349 PMCID: PMC9726679 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Immuno-thrombosis of COVID-19 results in the activation of platelets and coagulopathy. Antiplatelet therapy has been widely used in COVID-19 patients to prevent thrombotic events. However, recent analysis of clinical trials does not support the major effects of antiplatelet therapy on mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, despite the indisputable evidence for an increased risk of thrombotic complications in COVID-19 disease. This apparent paradox calls for an explanation. Platelets have an important role in sensing and orchestrating host response to infection, and several platelet functions related to host defense response not directly related to their well-known hemostatic function are emerging. In this paper, we aim to review the evidence supporting the notion that platelets have protective properties in maintaining endothelial barrier integrity in the course of an inflammatory response, and this role seems to be of particular importance in the lung. It might, thus, well be that the inhibition of platelet function, if affecting the protective aspect of platelet activity, might diminish clinical benefits resulting from the inhibition of the pro-thrombotic phenotype of platelets in immuno-thrombosis of COVID-19. A better understanding of the platelet-dependent mechanisms involved in the preservation of the endothelial barrier is necessary to design the antiplatelet therapeutic strategies that inhibit the pro-thrombotic activity of platelets without effects on the vaso-protective function of platelets safeguarding the pulmonary endothelial barrier during multicellular host defense in pulmonary circulation.
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19
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Godwin MD, Aggarwal A, Hilt Z, Shah S, Gorski J, Cameron SJ. Sex-Dependent Effect of Platelet Nitric Oxide: Production and Platelet Reactivity in Healthy Individuals. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:14-25. [PMID: 35128205 PMCID: PMC8807728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelet reactivity is greater in healthy women compared with men. Following an oral nitrate load, platelet nitric oxide production increased disproportionately more in healthy women than healthy men with attenuated platelet reactivity in women and enhanced platelet reactivity in men.
A nitrate-rich diet has many cardiovascular benefits, but the mechanism behind this is unclear. We hypothesized that the ingestion of nitrate augments nitrate to nitrite reduction, leading to nitric oxide (NO) production, which may suppress platelet reactivity. In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study involving healthy individuals, ingestion of nitrate augmented saliva and plasma nitrite/nitrate concentration and enhanced platelet NO production disproportionately in women compared with men. The response of elevated platelet NO in men was increased platelet reactivity and the response of markedly elevated platelet NO in women slightly inhibited platelet reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Godwin
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Anu Aggarwal
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Zachary Hilt
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Shalini Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Gorski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Scott J. Cameron
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA
- Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Taussig Institute, Department Hematology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Address for correspondence: Dr Scott J. Cameron, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, J3-5, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
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20
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Zhang S, Zhou J, Li L, Pan X, Lin J, Li C, Leung WT, Wang L. Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. Biosci Trends 2021; 15:353-364. [PMID: 34759119 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2021.01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In China, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has surpassed malignant tumours to become the disease with the highest mortality rate, and atherosclerosis (AS) is an important pathological cause of CVD. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulating human blood and is a precursor of estrogen and androgen. DHEA is converted into a series of sex hormones in local peripheral tissues where its acts physiologically. DHEA also acts therapeutically, thereby avoiding the adverse systemic reactions to sex hormones. DHEA inhibits AS, thus inhibiting the development of CVD, and it improves the prognosis for CVD. The incidence of CVD in postmenopausal women is substantially higher than that in premenopausal women, and that incidence is believed to be related to a decrease in ovarian function. The current review analyzes the mechanisms of postmenopausal women's susceptibility to AS. They tend to have dyslipidemia, and their vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferate and migrate more. In addition, oxidative stress and the inflammatory response of endothelial cells (ECs) are more serious in postmenopausal women. This review also discusses how DHEA combats AS by countering these mechanisms, which include regulating the blood lipid status, protecting ECs (including coping with oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions of the vascular endothelium, inhibiting apoptosis of ECs, and inducing NO production) and inhibiting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. As a result, DHEA has great value in preventing AS and inhibiting its progression in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyao Pan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuyu Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wing Ting Leung
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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21
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Asgari A, Lesyk G, Poitras E, Govindasamy N, Terry K, To R, Back V, Rudzinski JK, Lewis JD, Jurasz P. Platelets stimulate programmed death-ligand 1 expression by cancer cells: Inhibition by anti-platelet drugs. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:2862-2872. [PMID: 34333838 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets facilitate hematogenous metastasis in part by promoting cancer cell immunoevasion, although our understanding of platelet function in modulating the adaptive immune system in cancer is limited. A major negative regulator of the adaptive response is the immune checkpoint protein Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1). OBJECTIVES As platelets secrete factors that may increase PD-L1 expression, we investigated whether they up-regulate cancer cell PD-L1, thus promoting immunoevasion, and whether common anti-platelet drugs inhibit this process. METHODS Platelets were isolated from human volunteers. A549 lung, PD-L1 null A549, and 786-O renal cancer cells were incubated with and without platelets, and cancer cell PD-L1 expression was measured by qPCR and flow cytometry. Additionally, platelet-cancer cell incubations were performed in the presence of common anti-platelet drugs, and with growth factor neutralizing antibodies. Following incubation with platelets, A549 were co-cultured with T-cells and interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels were measured by flow cytometry as a marker of T-cell activation. RESULTS Platelets increased PD-L1 mRNA and surface protein expression by A549 and 786-0 cells. Combined neutralization of VEGF and PDGF prevented the platelet-induced up-regulation of PD-L1 by A549, as did the anti-platelet drug eptifibatide. A549 incubated with platelets demonstrated a reduced ability to activate human T-cells, an effect reversed by eptifibatide. CONCLUSIONS As platelets promote immunoevasion of the adaptive immune response by increasing cancer cell PD-L1 expression and as anti-platelet drugs prevent this immunoevasive response, the investigation of anti-platelet drugs as adjuvant therapy to immune checkpoint inhibitors may be warranted in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asgari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gabriela Lesyk
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Erika Poitras
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Kara Terry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rachel To
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Valentina Back
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jan K Rudzinski
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John D Lewis
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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22
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Akeret K, Buzzi RM, Schaer CA, Thomson BR, Vallelian F, Wang S, Willms J, Sebök M, Held U, Deuel JW, Humar R, Regli L, Keller E, Hugelshofer M, Schaer DJ. Cerebrospinal fluid hemoglobin drives subarachnoid hemorrhage-related secondary brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:3000-3015. [PMID: 34102922 PMCID: PMC8545037 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211020629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Secondary brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH-SBI) contributes to poor outcomes in patients after rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. The lack of diagnostic biomarkers and novel drug targets represent an unmet need. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and pathophysiological association between cerebrospinal fluid hemoglobin (CSF-Hb) and SAH-SBI. In a cohort of 47 patients, we collected daily CSF-samples within 14 days after aneurysm rupture. There was very strong evidence for a positive association between spectrophotometrically determined CSF-Hb and SAH-SBI. The accuracy of CSF-Hb to monitor for SAH-SBI markedly exceeded that of established methods (AUC: 0.89 [0.85-0.92]). Temporal proteome analysis revealed erythrolysis accompanied by an adaptive macrophage response as the two dominant biological processes in the CSF-space after aneurysm rupture. Ex-vivo experiments on the vasoconstrictive and oxidative potential of Hb revealed critical inflection points overlapping CSF-Hb thresholds in patients with SAH-SBI. Selective depletion and in-solution neutralization by haptoglobin or hemopexin efficiently attenuated the vasoconstrictive and lipid peroxidation activities of CSF-Hb. Collectively, the clinical association between high CSF-Hb levels and SAH-SBI, the underlying pathophysiological rationale, and the favorable effects of haptoglobin and hemopexin in ex-vivo experiments position CSF-Hb as a highly attractive biomarker and potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Akeret
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Universitätsspital und University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael M Buzzi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian A Schaer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bart R Thomson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Universitätsspital und University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Division of Internal Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Wang
- Neurointensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Willms
- Neurointensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Sebök
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Universitätsspital und University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Held
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Department of Biostatistics, University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy W Deuel
- Division of Internal Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rok Humar
- Division of Internal Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Regli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Universitätsspital und University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Keller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Universitätsspital und University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland.,Neurointensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hugelshofer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Universitätsspital und University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik J Schaer
- Division of Internal Medicine, Universitätsspital and University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Hindle MS, Spurgeon BEJ, Cheah LT, Webb BA, Naseem KM. Multidimensional flow cytometry reveals novel platelet subpopulations in response to prostacyclin. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1800-1812. [PMID: 33834609 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust platelet activation leads to the generation of subpopulations characterized by differential expression of phosphatidylserine (PS). Prostacyclin (PGI2 ) modulates many aspects of platelet function, but its influence on platelet subpopulations is unknown. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We used fluorescent flow cytometry coupled to multidimensional fast Fourier transform-accelerated interpolation-based t-stochastic neighborhood embedding analysis to examine the influence of PGI2 on platelet subpopulations. RESULTS Platelet activation (SFLLRN/CRP-XL) in whole blood revealed three platelet subpopulations with unique combinations of fibrinogen (fb) binding and PS exposure. These subsets, PSlo /fbhi (68%), PShi /fblo (23%), and PShi /fbhi (8%), all expressed CD62P and partially shed CD42b. PGI2 significantly reduced fibrinogen binding and prevented the majority of PS exposure, but did not significantly reduce CD62P, CD154, or CD63 leading to the generation of four novel subpopulations, CD62Phi /PSlo /fblo (64%), CD62Phi /PSlo /fbhi (22%), CD62Phi /PShi /fblo (3%), and CD62Plo /PSlo /fblo (12%). Mechanistically this was linked to PGI2 -mediated inhibition of mitochondrial depolarization upstream of PS exposure. Combining phosphoflow with surface staining, we showed that PGI2 -treated platelets were characterized by both elevated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation and CD62P. The resistance to cyclic AMP signaling was also observed for CD154 and CD63 expression. Consistent with the functional role of CD62P, exposure of blood to PGI2 failed to prevent SFLLRN/CRP-XL-induced platelet-monocyte aggregation despite reducing markers of hemostatic function. CONCLUSION The combination of multicolor flow cytometry assays with unbiased computational tools has identified novel platelet subpopulations that suggest differential regulation of platelet functions by PGI2 . Development of this approach with increased surface and intracellular markers will allow the identification of rare platelet subtypes and novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Hindle
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Benjamin E J Spurgeon
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lih T Cheah
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Beth A Webb
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Khalid M Naseem
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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24
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Guettler J, Forstner D, Cvirn G, Maninger S, Brugger BA, Nonn O, Kupper N, Pritz E, Wernitznig S, Dohr G, Hutter H, Juch H, Isermann B, Kohli S, Gauster M. Maternal platelets pass interstices of trophoblast columns and are not activated by HLA-G in early human pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 144:103280. [PMID: 33530024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In early human gestation, maternal arterial blood flow into the intervillous space of the developing placenta is obstructed by invaded trophoblasts, which form cellular plugs in uterine spiral arteries. These trophoblast plugs have recently been described to be loosely cohesive with clear capillary-sized channels into the intervillous space by 7 weeks of gestation. Here, we analysed localisation of maternal platelets at the maternal-foetal interface of human first trimester pregnancy, and tested the hypothesis whether HLA-G, which is primarily expressed by extravillous trophoblasts, affects aggregation and adhesion of isolated platelets. Immunohistochemistry of first trimester placental sections localised maternal platelets in vessel-like channels and adjacent intercellular gaps of extravillous trophoblasts in distal parts of columns. Furthermore, this localisation was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Neither co-incubation of HLA-G overexpressing JAR cells with isolated platelets, nor incubation with cell-derived soluble HLA-G or recombinant HLA-G affected platelet adhesion and aggregation. Our study suggests that maternal platelets flow through vessel-like channels of distal trophoblast columns and spread into adjacent lateral intercellular gaps, where platelet-derived factors could contribute to trophoblast differentiation into the invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Guettler
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Désirée Forstner
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Physiological Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Maninger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Beatrice A Brugger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Olivia Nonn
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Nadja Kupper
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Pritz
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Wernitznig
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Gottfried Dohr
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Hutter
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Juch
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shrey Kohli
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Gauster
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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25
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Role of the Platelets and Nitric Oxide Biotransformation in Ischemic Stroke: A Translative Review from Bench to Bedside. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2979260. [PMID: 32908630 PMCID: PMC7474795 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2979260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains the fifth cause of death, as reported worldwide annually. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) manifesting with lower nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability leads to increased vascular tone, inflammation, and platelet activation and remains among the major contributors to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Moreover, temporal fluctuations in the NO bioavailability during ischemic stroke point to its key role in the cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation, and some data suggest that they may be responsible for the maintenance of CBF within the ischemic penumbra in order to reduce infarct size. Several years ago, the inhibitory role of the platelet NO production on a thrombus formation has been discovered, which initiated the era of extensive studies on the platelet-derived nitric oxide (PDNO) as a platelet negative feedback regulator. Very recently, Radziwon-Balicka et al. discovered two subpopulations of human platelets, based on the expression of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS-positive or eNOS-negative platelets, respectively). The e-NOS-negative ones fail to produce NO, which attenuates their cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathway and-as result-promotes adhesion and aggregation while the e-NOS-positive ones limit thrombus formation. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a competitive NOS inhibitor, is an independent cardiovascular risk factor, and its expression alongside with the enzymes responsible for its synthesis and degradation was recently shown also in platelets. Overproduction of ADMA in this compartment may increase platelet activation and cause endothelial damage, additionally to that induced by its plasma pool. All the recent discoveries of diverse eNOS expression in platelets and its role in regulation of thrombus formation together with studies on the NOS inhibitors have opened a new chapter in translational medicine investigating the onset of acute cardiovascular events of ischemic origin. This translative review briefly summarizes the role of platelets and NO biotransformation in the pathogenesis and clinical course of ischemic stroke.
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26
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ROS in Platelet Biology: Functional Aspects and Methodological Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144866. [PMID: 32660144 PMCID: PMC7402354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondria play a pivotal role in regulating platelet functions. Platelet activation determines a drastic change in redox balance and in platelet metabolism. Indeed, several signaling pathways have been demonstrated to induce ROS production by NAPDH oxidase (NOX) and mitochondria, upon platelet activation. Platelet-derived ROS, in turn, boost further ROS production and consequent platelet activation, adhesion and recruitment in an auto-amplifying loop. This vicious circle results in a platelet procoagulant phenotype and apoptosis, both accounting for the high thrombotic risk in oxidative stress-related diseases. This review sought to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying ROS production upon platelet activation and the effects of an altered redox balance on platelet function, focusing on the main advances that have been made in platelet redox biology. Furthermore, given the increasing interest in this field, we also describe the up-to-date methods for detecting platelets, ROS and the platelet bioenergetic profile, which have been proposed as potential disease biomarkers.
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27
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Sadoul K, Lafanechère L, Grichine A. Live imaging of single platelets at work. Platelets 2020; 31:551-558. [PMID: 31880193 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1708886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although live imaging of dynamic processes in platelets is a challenging task, several important observations have been published during the last 20 years. We will discuss the amazing insights that have been achieved, the difficulties that can be encountered as well as some questions still open and the future technical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Sadoul
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble, France
| | - Alexei Grichine
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble, France
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28
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Kapil V, Khambata RS, Jones DA, Rathod K, Primus C, Massimo G, Fukuto JM, Ahluwalia A. The Noncanonical Pathway for In Vivo Nitric Oxide Generation: The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:692-766. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.120.019240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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29
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Hugelshofer M, Buzzi RM, Schaer CA, Richter H, Akeret K, Anagnostakou V, Mahmoudi L, Vaccani R, Vallelian F, Deuel JW, Kronen PW, Kulcsar Z, Regli L, Baek JH, Pires IS, Palmer AF, Dennler M, Humar R, Buehler PW, Kircher PR, Keller E, Schaer DJ. Haptoglobin administration into the subarachnoid space prevents hemoglobin-induced cerebral vasospasm. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:5219-5235. [PMID: 31454333 DOI: 10.1172/jci130630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed ischemic neurological deficit (DIND) is a major driver of adverse outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), defining an unmet need for therapeutic development. Cell-free hemoglobin that is released from erythrocytes into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is suggested to cause vasoconstriction and neuronal toxicity, and correlates with the occurrence of DIND. Cell-free hemoglobin in the CSF of patients with aSAH disrupted dilatory NO signaling ex vivo in cerebral arteries, which shifted vascular tone balance from dilation to constriction. We found that selective removal of hemoglobin from patient CSF with a haptoglobin-affinity column or its sequestration in a soluble hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex was sufficient to restore physiological vascular responses. In a sheep model, administration of haptoglobin into the CSF inhibited hemoglobin-induced cerebral vasospasm and preserved vascular NO signaling. We identified 2 pathways of hemoglobin delocalization from CSF into the brain parenchyma and into the NO-sensitive compartment of small cerebral arteries. Both pathways were critical for hemoglobin toxicity and were interrupted by the large hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex that inhibited spatial requirements for hemoglobin reactions with NO in tissues. Collectively, our data show that compartmentalization of hemoglobin by haptoglobin provides a novel framework for innovation aimed at reducing hemoglobin-driven neurological damage after subarachnoid bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hugelshofer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael M Buzzi
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian A Schaer
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henning Richter
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Akeret
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vania Anagnostakou
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leila Mahmoudi
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Vaccani
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy W Deuel
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter W Kronen
- Veterinary Anaesthesia Services - International, Winterthur, Switzerland.,Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Kulcsar
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Regli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jin Hyen Baek
- Center of Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Ivan S Pires
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andre F Palmer
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthias Dennler
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rok Humar
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul W Buehler
- Center of Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick R Kircher
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Keller
- Neurointensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik J Schaer
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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Jongen MSA, MacArthur BD, Englyst NA, West J. Single platelet variability governs population sensitivity and initiates intrinsic heterotypic responses. Commun Biol 2020; 3:281. [PMID: 32499608 PMCID: PMC7272428 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations into the nature of platelet functional variety and consequences for homeostasis require new methods for resolving single platelet phenotypes. Here we combine droplet microfluidics with flow cytometry for high throughput single platelet function analysis. A large-scale sensitivity continuum was shown to be a general feature of human platelets from individual donors, with hypersensitive platelets coordinating significant sensitivity gains in bulk platelet populations and shown to direct aggregation in droplet-confined minimal platelet systems. Sensitivity gains scaled with agonist potency (convulxin > TRAP-14>ADP) and reduced the collagen and thrombin activation threshold required for platelet population polarization into pro-aggregatory and pro-coagulant states. The heterotypic platelet response results from an intrinsic behavioural program. The method and findings invite future discoveries into the nature of hypersensitive platelets and how community effects produce population level responses in health and disease. Maaike S. A. Jongen et al. combine droplet microfluidics with flow cytometry to resolve single platelet responses to agonists. They demonstrate that hyperactive platelets enhance the platelet population response by paracrine signaling as a function of agonist potency and heterotypic responses result from an intrinsic behavioural program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike S A Jongen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ben D MacArthur
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Mathematical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nicola A Englyst
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jonathan West
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. .,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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31
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Velagic A, Qin C, Woodman OL, Horowitz JD, Ritchie RH, Kemp-Harper BK. Nitroxyl: A Novel Strategy to Circumvent Diabetes Associated Impairments in Nitric Oxide Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:727. [PMID: 32508651 PMCID: PMC7248192 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an increased mortality risk due to cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress underlies these complications, leading to an impairment in endogenous nitric oxide (NO•) generation, together with reductions in NO• bioavailability and NO• responsiveness in the vasculature, platelets and myocardium. The latter impairment of responsiveness to NO•, termed NO• resistance, compromises the ability of traditional NO•-based therapeutics to improve hemodynamic status during diabetes-associated cardiovascular emergencies, such as acute myocardial infarction. Whilst a number of agents can ameliorate (e.g. angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, perhexiline, statins and insulin) or circumvent (e.g. nitrite and sGC activators) NO• resistance, nitroxyl (HNO) donors offer a novel opportunity to circumvent NO• resistance in diabetes. With a suite of vasoprotective properties and an ability to enhance cardiac inotropic and lusitropic responses, coupled with preserved efficacy in the setting of oxidative stress, HNO donors have intact therapeutic potential in the face of diminished NO• signaling. This review explores the major mechanisms by which hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress drives NO• resistance, and the therapeutic potential of HNO donors to circumvent this to treat cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anida Velagic
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chengxue Qin
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Owen L. Woodman
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John D. Horowitz
- Basil Hetzel Institute, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rebecca H. Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara K. Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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32
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Costa PPC, Campos R, Cabral PHB, Gomes VM, Santos CF, Waller SB, de Sousa EHS, Lopes LGDF, Fonteles MC, do Nascimento NRF. Antihypertensive potential of cis-[Ru(bpy) 2(ImN)(NO)] 3+, a ruthenium-based nitric oxide donor. Res Vet Sci 2020; 130:153-160. [PMID: 32193002 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive properties of cis-[Ru(bpy)2ImN(NO)]3+ (FOR0811) in normotensive and in Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. Vasorelaxant effects were analyzed by performing concentration response curve to FOR0811 in rat aortic rings in the absence or presence of 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo-[4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), L-cysteine or hydroxocobalamin. Normotensive and L-NAME-hypertensive rats were treated with FOR0811 and the effects in blood pressure and heart rate variability in the frequency domain (HRV) were followed. FOR0811 induced relaxation in rat aortic rings. Neither endothelium removal nor L-cysteine altered the FOR0811 effects. However, the incubation with ODQ and hydroxocobalamin completely blunted FOR0811 effects. FOR0811 administered intravenously by bolus infusion (0.01-1 mg/bolus) or chronically by using subcutaneous implanted osmotic pumps significantly reduced the mean arterial blood pressure. The effect was long lasting and did not induce reflex tachycardia. FOR0811 prevented both LF and VLF increases in L-NAME hypertensive rats and has antihypertensive properties. This new ruthenium complex compound might be a promising nitric oxide donor to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Priscila Correia Costa
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ceará State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Campos
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ceará State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Martins Gomes
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ceará State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Stefanie Bressan Waller
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Henrique Silva de Sousa
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Organic and In organic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Organic and In organic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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33
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Gawrys J, Gajecki D, Szahidewicz-Krupska E, Doroszko A. Intraplatelet L-Arginine-Nitric Oxide Metabolic Pathway: From Discovery to Clinical Implications in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1015908. [PMID: 32215167 PMCID: PMC7073508 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1015908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite the development of new drugs and other therapeutic strategies, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains still the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world population. A lot of research, performed mostly in the last three decades, revealed an important correlation between "classical" demographic and biochemical risk factors for CVD, (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, smoking, renal failure, aging, diabetes, and hypertension) with endothelial dysfunction associated directly with the nitric oxide deficiency. The discovery of nitric oxide and its recognition as an endothelial-derived relaxing factor was a breakthrough in understanding the pathophysiology and development of cardiovascular system disorders. The nitric oxide synthesis pathway and its regulation and association with cardiovascular risk factors were a common subject for research during the last decades. As nitric oxide synthase, especially its endothelial isoform, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of NO bioavailability, inhibiting its function results in the increase in the cardiovascular risk pattern. Among agents altering the production of nitric oxide, asymmetric dimethylarginine-the competitive inhibitor of NOS-appears to be the most important. In this review paper, we summarize the role of L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in cardiovascular disorders with the focus on intraplatelet metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Gawrys
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Damian Gajecki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Ewa Szahidewicz-Krupska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Adrian Doroszko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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34
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Precise treatment of acute antibody-mediated cardiac allograft rejection in rats using C4d-targeted microbubbles loaded with nitric oxide. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020; 39:481-490. [PMID: 32115364 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) constitutes an important cause of cardiac allograft loss; however, all current therapeutic strategies represent systemic applications with unsatisfactory efficacy. Previously, we successfully non-invasively detected C4d, a specific marker for AMR diagnosis, in allografts using C4d-targeted microbubbles (MBC4d). In this study, we extended this approach by incorporating nitric oxide (NO), as high NO levels manifest immunosuppressive and anti-thrombotic effects. METHODS We designed novel MBC4d loaded with NO (NO-MBC4d). A rat model of AMR was established by pre-sensitization with skin transplantation. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) images were obtained and quantitatively analyzed following NO-MBC4d injection. Allograft survival and histologic features were analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of NO-MBC4d toward AMR. RESULTS We successfully obtained CEUS images following NO-MBC4d injection and demonstrated that the ultrasound signal intensity of the myocardial area and clearance time of NO-MBC4d both increased with increased C4d grade, thereby realizing non-invasive diagnosis of AMR. Furthermore, allograft survival was significantly prolonged, and rejection was obviously attenuated following NO-MBC4d injection through significant suppression of thrombosis and reduction of inflammatory cell infiltrates. Overall, the therapeutic efficacy was significantly improved in the NO-MBC4d group compared with the control NO-MB group, demonstrating that precise treatment could significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy compared with that afforded by systemic applications. CONCLUSIONS This study presented a novel tool to provide simultaneous non-invasive diagnosis and precise treatment of AMR using NO-MBC4d CEUS imaging, which may be expected to provide a better option for recipients with AMR in clinic.
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Lesyk G, Jurasz P. Advances in Platelet Subpopulation Research. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:138. [PMID: 31572733 PMCID: PMC6753372 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although lacking a nucleus, platelets are increasingly recognized not only for their complexity, but also for their diversity. Some 50 years ago platelet subpopulations were characterized by size and density, and these characteristics were thought to reflect platelet aging. Since, our knowledge of platelet heterogeneity has grown to recognize that differences in platelet biochemistry and function exist. This includes the identification of vanguard and follower platelets, platelets with differing procoagulant ability including "COAT-platelets" which enhance procoagulant protein retention on their surface, and most recently, the identification of platelet subpopulations with a differential ability to generate and respond to nitric oxide. Hence, in this mini-review, we summarize the current knowledge of platelet subpopulation diversity focusing on their physical, biochemical, and functional heterogeneity. In addition, we review how platelet subpopulations may change between health and disease and how differences among platelets may influence response to anti-platelet therapy. Finally, we look forward and discuss some of the future directions and challenges for this growing field of platelet research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lesyk
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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36
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Gresele P, Momi S, Guglielmini G. Nitric oxide-enhancing or -releasing agents as antithrombotic drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:300-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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37
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Mooney JJ. Letter to the editor: Dietary nitrates may reduce cardiorenal side-effects of lithium therapy in older subjects. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 114:147-148. [PMID: 31078784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J Mooney
- Staff Psychiatrist, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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38
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Mikolajczyk TP, Nosalski R, Skiba DS, Koziol J, Mazur M, Justo-Junior AS, Kowalczyk P, Kusmierczyk Z, Schramm-Luc A, Luc K, Maffia P, Graham D, Kiss AK, Naruszewicz M, Guzik TJ. 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose modulates perivascular inflammation and prevents vascular dysfunction in angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1951-1965. [PMID: 30658013 PMCID: PMC6534792 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Hypertension is a multifactorial disease, manifested by vascular dysfunction, increased superoxide production, and perivascular inflammation. In this study, we have hypothesized that 1,2,3,4,6‐penta‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucose (PGG) would inhibit vascular inflammation and protect from vascular dysfunction in an experimental model of hypertension. Experimental Approach PGG was administered to mice every 2 days at a dose of 10 mg·kg−1 i.p during 14 days of Ang II infusion. It was used at a final concentration of 20 μM for in vitro studies in cultured cells. Key Results Ang II administration increased leukocyte and T‐cell content in perivascular adipose tissue (pVAT), and administration of PGG significantly decreased total leukocyte and T‐cell infiltration in pVAT. This effect was observed in relation to all T‐cell subsets. PGG also decreased the content of T‐cells bearing CD25, CCR5, and CD44 receptors and the expression of both monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (CCL2) in aorta and RANTES (CCL5) in pVAT. PGG administration decreased the content of TNF+ and IFN‐γ+ CD8 T‐cells and IL‐17A+ CD4+ and CD3+CD4−CD8− cells. Importantly, these effects of PGG were associated with improved vascular function and decreased ROS production in the aortas of Ang II‐infused animals independently of the BP increase. Mechanistically, PGG (20 μM) directly inhibited CD25 and CCR5 expression in cultured T‐cells. It also decreased the content of IFN‐γ+ CD8+ and CD3+CD4−CD8− cells and IL‐17A+ CD3+CD4−CD8− cells. Conclusion and Implication PGG may constitute an interesting immunomodulating strategy in the regulation of vascular dysfunction and hypertension. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Immune Targets in Hypertension. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.12/issuetoc
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz P Mikolajczyk
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dominik S Skiba
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanna Koziol
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Mazur
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Amauri S Justo-Junior
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paulina Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Kusmierczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Schramm-Luc
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kevin Luc
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna K Kiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Naruszewicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Costa D, Benincasa G, Lucchese R, Infante T, Nicoletti GF, Napoli C. Effect of nitric oxide reduction on arterial thrombosis. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2019; 53:1-8. [DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2019.1581943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Costa
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Lucchese
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) encoded by nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), can generate nitric oxide (NO) which serves as an important deterrent to the pathogenesis of thrombosis by modulating the activation, adhesion and aggregate formation of platelets. Three serum miRNAs (miR-195, miR-532 and miR-582) have been suggested as biomarkers for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), however their potential roles in DVT is not clear. The effect of miRNAs inhibiting the expression of NOS3 was evaluated in vitro. miR-195, miR-532 and miR-582 mimic, inhibitor, and control miRNAs were transfected into endothelial cells. The roles of miR-195, miR-532 and miR-582 regulating the expression of eNOS were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR, Western Blotting and luciferase reporter assays. NO release was measured by Griess method. We confirmed NOS3 as a direct target of miR-195 and miR-582, which binds to the 3'-UTR of NOS3 mRNA in endothelial cells. A significantly inverse correlation between these two miRNAs and eNOS expression was detected. NO release from endothelial cells was decreased when the expression level of miR-195 and miR-582 was up-regulated. These findings indicated that miR-195 and miR-582 regulated NO release by targeting 3'-UTR of NOS3 post-transcriptionally in endothelial cells. Therefore, miR-195 and miR-582 might play an important role in maintaining endothelial NO bioavailability and could be a novel target for treatment of thrombotic diseases.
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41
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Blair TA, Michelson AD, Frelinger AL. Mass Cytometry Reveals Distinct Platelet Subtypes in Healthy Subjects and Novel Alterations in Surface Glycoproteins in Glanzmann Thrombasthenia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10300. [PMID: 29985398 PMCID: PMC6037710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass cytometry (MC) uses mass spectrometry to simultaneously detect multiple metal-conjugated antibodies on single cells, thereby enabling the detailed study of cellular function. Here, for the first time, we applied MC to the analysis of platelets. We developed a panel of 14 platelet-specific metal-tagged antibodies (targeting cluster of differentiation [CD] 9, CD29, CD31, CD36, CD41, CD42a, CD42b, CD61, CD62P, CD63, CD107a, CD154, glycoprotein [GP] VI and activated integrin αIIbβ3) and compared this panel with two fluorescence flow cytometry (FFC) panels (CD41, CD42b, and CD61; or CD42b, CD62P, and activated integrin αIIbβ3) in the evaluation of activation-dependent changes in glycoprotein expression on healthy subject and Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) platelets. High-dimensional analysis of surface markers detected by MC identified previously unappreciated subpopulations of platelets in healthy donors. As expected, MC and FFC revealed that GT platelets had significantly reduced CD41, CD61, and activated integrin αIIbβ3 surface expression. MC also revealed that surface expression of CD9, CD42a and CD63 were elevated, CD31, CD154 and GPVI were reduced and CD29, CD36, CD42b, CD62P and CD107a were similar on GT platelets compared to healthy donor platelets. In summary, MC revealed distinct platelet subtypes in healthy subjects and novel alterations in surface glycoproteins on GT platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Blair
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan D Michelson
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew L Frelinger
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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42
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Atkinson L, Yusuf MZ, Aburima A, Ahmed Y, Thomas SG, Naseem KM, Calaminus SDJ. Reversal of stress fibre formation by Nitric Oxide mediated RhoA inhibition leads to reduction in the height of preformed thrombi. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3032. [PMID: 29445102 PMCID: PMC5813033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence has emerged to suggest that thrombi are dynamic structures with distinct areas of differing platelet activation and inhibition. We hypothesised that Nitric oxide (NO), a platelet inhibitor, can modulate the actin cytoskeleton reversing platelet spreading, and therefore reduce the capability of thrombi to withstand a high shear environment. Our data demonstrates that GSNO, DEANONOate, and a PKG-activating cGMP analogue reversed stress fibre formation and increased actin nodule formation in adherent platelets. This effect is sGC dependent and independent of ADP and thromboxanes. Stress fibre formation is a RhoA dependent process and NO induced RhoA inhibition, however, it did not phosphorylate RhoA at ser188 in spread platelets. Interestingly NO and PGI2 synergise to reverse stress fibre formation at physiologically relevant concentrations. Analysis of high shear conditions indicated that platelets activated on fibrinogen, induced stress fibre formation, which was reversed by GSNO treatment. Furthermore, preformed thrombi on collagen post perfused with GSNO had a 30% reduction in thrombus height in comparison to the control. This study demonstrates that NO can reverse key platelet functions after their initial activation and identifies a novel mechanism for controlling excessive thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Atkinson
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - M Z Yusuf
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - A Aburima
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Y Ahmed
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - S G Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - K M Naseem
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - S D J Calaminus
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
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Cardiovascular Disease: An Introduction. BIOMATHEMATICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL MODELING OF THE CIRCULATORY AND VENTILATORY SYSTEMS 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123129 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89315-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a collective term designating all types of affliction affecting the blood circulatory system, including the heart and vasculature, which, respectively, displaces and conveys the blood.
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