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Zhou J, Zhang L, Wei Y, Wu Q, Mao K, Wang X, Cai J, Li X, Jiang Y. Photothermal Iron-Based Riboflavin Microneedles for the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis via Ion Therapy and Immunomodulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304448. [PMID: 39012057 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilm formation protects bacteria from antibiotics and the immune system, excessive inflammation further complicates treatment. Here, iron-based metal-organic framework (MIL-101)-loaded riboflavin nanoparticles are designed for the therapeutic challenge of biofilm infection and hyperinflammation in bacterial keratitis. Specifically, MIL-101 produces a thermal effect under exogenous near-infrared light irradiation, which synergizes with ferroptosis-like bacterial death induced by iron ions to exert an effective biofilm infection eradication effect. On the other hand, the disintegration of MIL-101 sustains the release of riboflavin, which inhibits the pro-inflammatory response of macrophage over-activation by modulating their phenotypic switch. In addition, to solve the problems of short residence time, poor permeability, and low bioavailability of corneal medication, the MR@MN microneedle patch is further prepared by loading nanoparticles into SilMA hydrogel, which ultimately achieves painless, transepithelial, and highly efficient drug delivery. In vivo and ex vivo experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in eliminating bacterial infection and promoting corneal healing. Therefore, the MRMN patch, acting as an ocular drug delivery system with the ability of rapid corneal healing, promises a cost-effective solution for the treatment of bacterial keratitis, which may also lead to a new approach for treating bacterial keratitis in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yaqi Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Kaibo Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Jiang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
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2
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Monteagudo-Cascales E, Gumerov VM, Fernández M, Matilla MA, Gavira JA, Zhulin IB, Krell T. Ubiquitous purine sensor modulates diverse signal transduction pathways in bacteria. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5867. [PMID: 38997289 PMCID: PMC11245519 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purines and their derivatives control intracellular energy homeostasis and nucleotide synthesis, and act as signaling molecules. Here, we combine structural and sequence information to define a purine-binding motif that is present in sensor domains of thousands of bacterial receptors that modulate motility, gene expression, metabolism, and second-messenger turnover. Microcalorimetric titrations of selected sensor domains validate their ability to specifically bind purine derivatives, and evolutionary analyses indicate that purine sensors share a common ancestor with amino-acid receptors. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence of physiological relevance of purine sensing in a second-messenger signaling system that modulates c-di-GMP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabet Monteagudo-Cascales
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Vadim M Gumerov
- Department of Microbiology and Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Matilde Fernández
- Department of Microbiology, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - José A Gavira
- Laboratory of Crystallographic Studies (CSIC-UGR), Avenida de las Palmeras 4, 18100, Armilla, Spain
| | - Igor B Zhulin
- Department of Microbiology and Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
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Fan X, Kong L, Wang J, Tan Y, Xu X, Li M, Zhu L. Surface-programmed microbiome assembly in phycosphere to microplastics contamination. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 262:122064. [PMID: 39029396 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Recalcitrance in microplastics accounts for ubiquitous white pollution. Of special interest are the capabilities of microorganisms to accelerate their degradation sustainably. Compared to the well-studied pure cultures in degrading natural polymers, the algal-bacterial symbiotic system is considered as a promising candidate for microplastics removal, cascading bottom-up impacts on ecosystem-scale processes. This study selected and enriched the algae-associated microbial communities hosted by the indigenous isolation Desmodesmus sp. in wastewater treatment plants with micro-polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, and polystyrene contamination. Results elaborated that multiple settled and specific affiliates were recruited by the uniform algae protagonist from the biosphere under manifold microplastic stress. Alteration of distinct chemical functionalities and deformation of polymers provide direct evidence of degradation in phycosphere under illumination. Microplastic-induced phycosphere-derived DOM created spatial gradients of aromatic protein, fulvic and humic acid-like and tryptophan components to expanded niche-width. Surface thermodynamic analysis was conducted to simulate the reciprocal and reversible interaction on algal-bacterial and phycosphere-microplastic interface, revealing the enhancement of transition to stable and irreversible aggregation for functional microbiota colonization and microplastics capture. Furthermore, pangenomic analysis disclosed the genes related to the chemotaxis and the proposed microplastics biodegradation pathway in enriched algal-bacterial microbiome, orchestrating the evidence for common synthetic polymer particles and ultimately to confirm the effectiveness and potential. The present study emphasizes the necessity for future endeavors aimed at fully leveraging the potential of algal-bacterial mutualistic systems within sustainable bioremediation strategies targeting the eradication of microplastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingyu Kong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yixiao Tan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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4
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You Y, Xiao J, Chen J, Li Y, Li R, Zhang S, Jiang Q, Liu P. Integrated Information for Pathogenicity and Treatment of Spiroplasma. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:252. [PMID: 38953991 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Spiroplasma, belonging to the class Mollicutes, is a small, helical, motile bacterium lacking a cell wall. Its host range includes insects, plants, and aquatic crustaceans. Recently, a few human cases of Spiroplasma infection have been reported. The diseases caused by Spiroplasma have brought about serious economic losses and hindered the healthy development of agriculture. The pathogenesis of Spiroplasma involves the ability to adhere, such as through the terminal structure of Spiroplasma, colonization, and invasive enzymes. However, the exact pathogenic mechanism of Spiroplasma remains a mystery. Therefore, we systematically summarize all the information about Spiroplasma in this review article. This provides a reference for future studies on virulence factors and treatment strategies of Spiroplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue You
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jianmin Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Rong Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Alonso A, Kirkegaard JB. Learning optimal integration of spatial and temporal information in noisy chemotaxis. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae235. [PMID: 38952456 PMCID: PMC11216223 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the boundary between chemotaxis driven by spatial estimation of gradients and chemotaxis driven by temporal estimation. While it is well known that spatial chemotaxis becomes disadvantageous for small organisms at high noise levels, it is unclear whether there is a discontinuous switch of optimal strategies or a continuous transition exists. Here, we employ deep reinforcement learning to study the possible integration of spatial and temporal information in an a priori unconstrained manner. We parameterize such a combined chemotactic policy by a recurrent neural network and evaluate it using a minimal theoretical model of a chemotactic cell. By comparing with constrained variants of the policy, we show that it converges to purely temporal and spatial strategies at small and large cell sizes, respectively. We find that the transition between the regimes is continuous, with the combined strategy outperforming in the transition region both the constrained variants as well as models that explicitly integrate spatial and temporal information. Finally, by utilizing the attribution method of integrated gradients, we show that the policy relies on a nontrivial combination of spatially and temporally derived gradient information in a ratio that varies dynamically during the chemotactic trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Alonso
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Julius B Kirkegaard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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6
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Xu Q, Ali S, Afzal M, Nizami AS, Han S, Dar MA, Zhu D. Advancements in bacterial chemotaxis: Utilizing the navigational intelligence of bacteria and its practical applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172967. [PMID: 38705297 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The fascinating world of microscopic life unveils a captivating spectacle as bacteria effortlessly maneuver through their surroundings with astonishing accuracy, guided by the intricate mechanism of chemotaxis. This review explores the complex mechanisms behind this behavior, analyzing the flagellum as the driving force and unraveling the intricate signaling pathways that govern its movement. We delve into the hidden costs and benefits of this intricate skill, analyzing its potential to propagate antibiotic resistance gene while shedding light on its vital role in plant colonization and beneficial symbiosis. We explore the realm of human intervention, considering strategies to manipulate bacterial chemotaxis for various applications, including nutrient cycling, algal bloom and biofilm formation. This review explores the wide range of applications for bacterial capabilities, from targeted drug delivery in medicine to bioremediation and disease control in the environment. Ultimately, through unraveling the intricacies of bacterial movement, we can enhance our comprehension of the intricate web of life on our planet. This knowledge opens up avenues for progress in fields such as medicine, agriculture, and environmental conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Biomass Biorefinery, Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Shehbaz Ali
- International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Biomass Biorefinery, Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Soil & Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul-Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Song Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Mudasir A Dar
- International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Biomass Biorefinery, Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Biomass Biorefinery, Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
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7
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Glenn SJ, Gentry-Lear Z, Shavlik M, Harms MJ, Asaki TJ, Baylink A. Bacterial vampirism mediated through taxis to serum. eLife 2024; 12:RP93178. [PMID: 38820052 PMCID: PMC11142651 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and bacteremia and are a leading cause of death, from sepsis, for individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases. The bacterial behaviors and mechanisms underlying why these bacteria are prone to bloodstream entry remain poorly understood. Herein, we report that clinical isolates of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter koseri are rapidly attracted toward sources of human serum. To simulate GI bleeding, we utilized an injection-based microfluidics device and found that femtoliter volumes of human serum are sufficient to induce bacterial attraction to the serum source. This response is orchestrated through chemotaxis and the chemoattractant L-serine, an amino acid abundant in serum that is recognized through direct binding by the chemoreceptor Tsr. We report the first crystal structures of Salmonella Typhimurium Tsr in complex with L-serine and identify a conserved amino acid recognition motif for L-serine shared among Tsr orthologues. We find Tsr to be widely conserved among Enterobacteriaceae and numerous World Health Organization priority pathogens associated with bloodstream infections. Lastly, we find that Enterobacteriaceae use human serum as a source of nutrients for growth and that chemotaxis and the chemoreceptor Tsr provide a competitive advantage for migration into enterohemorrhagic lesions. We define this bacterial behavior of taxis toward serum, colonization of hemorrhagic lesions, and the consumption of serum nutrients as 'bacterial vampirism', which may relate to the proclivity of Enterobacteriaceae for bloodstream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siena J Glenn
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and PathologyPullmanUnited States
| | | | - Michael Shavlik
- University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular BiologyEugeneUnited States
| | - Michael J Harms
- University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular BiologyEugeneUnited States
- University of Oregon, Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryEugeneUnited States
| | - Thomas J Asaki
- Washington State University, Department of Mathematics and StatisticsPullmanUnited States
| | - Arden Baylink
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and PathologyPullmanUnited States
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8
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Li J, Dai H, Bashir A, Wang Z, An Y, Yu X, Xu L, Li L. Nematicidal activity and action mode of a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein from Pseudomonas syringae against Caenorhabditis elegans. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30366. [PMID: 38707475 PMCID: PMC11068812 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The conventional phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae reportedly possesses several virulence determinants against Caenorhabditis elegans; however, their action mechanisms remain elusive. This study reports the nematicidal activity and action receptor of a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP03) of a wild-type P. syringae MB03 against C. elegans. Purified MCP03 exhibited nematicidal toxicity against C. elegans at a half-lethal concentration of 124.4 μg mL-1, alongside detrimental effects on the growth and brood size of C. elegans. Additionally, MCP03-treated worms exhibited severe pathological destruction of the intestine and depressed wrinkles of the cuticle. Yeast two-hybrid assays identified a subunit of COP9 signalosome, namely CSN-5, which functioned as an MCP03 action receptor. In vitro pull-down verified the binding interaction between MCP03 and CSN-5. RNA interference assays confirmed that MCP03 antagonizes CSN-5, thereby adversely affecting the brood size and cuticle integrity of C. elegans. Following MCP03 infection, the expression of genes related to reproduction, growth, and cuticle formation, such as kgb-1, unc-98, and col-117, was considerably downregulated, indicating pathological changes in MCP03-treated nematodes. Therefore, we proposed that MCP03 antagonizes CSN-5, causing lethality as well as detrimental effects on the fertility, growth, and morphogenesis of C. elegans, which can provide new insights into the signaling pathways and mechanisms underlying the nematicidal action of MCP03 toward C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Haiyan Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Anum Bashir
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yimin An
- Pomelo Engineering Technology Center, School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Xun Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liangzheng Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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9
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Keren G, Yehezkel G, Satish L, Adamov Z, Barak Z, Ben-Shabat S, Kagan-Zur V, Sitrit Y. Root-secreted nucleosides: signaling chemoattractants of rhizosphere bacteria. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1388384. [PMID: 38799096 PMCID: PMC11120975 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1388384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The rhizosphere is a complex ecosystem, consisting of a narrow soil zone influenced by plant roots and inhabited by soil-borne microorganisms. Plants actively shape the rhizosphere microbiome through root exudates. Some metabolites are signaling molecules specifically functioning as chemoattractants rather than nutrients. These elusive signaling molecules have been sought for several decades, and yet little progress has been made. Root-secreted nucleosides and deoxynucleosides were detected in exudates of various plants by targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Rhizobacteria were isolated from the roots of Helianthemum sessiliflorum carrying the mycorrhizal desert truffle Terfezia boudieri. Chemotaxis was determined by a glass capillary assay or plate assays on semisolid agar and through a soil plate assay. Nucleosides were identified in root exudates of plants that inhabit diverse ecological niches. Nucleosides induced positive chemotaxis in plant beneficial bacteria Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas turukhanskensis spp., Serratia marcescens, and the pathogenic rhizobacterium Xanthomonas campestris and E coli. In a soil plate assay, nucleosides diffused to substantial distances and evoked chemotaxis under conditions as close as possible to natural environments. This study implies that root-secreted nucleosides are involved in the assembly of the rhizosphere bacterial community by inducing chemotaxis toward plant roots. In animals, nucleoside secretion known as "purinergic signaling" is involved in communication between cells, physiological processes, diseases, phagocytic cell migration, and bacterial activity. The coliform bacterium E. coli that inhabits the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms also attracted to nucleosides, implying that nucleosides may serve as a common signal for bacterial species inhabiting distinct habitats. Taken together, all these may indicate that chemotaxis signaling by nucleosides is a conserved universal mechanism that encompasses living kingdoms and environments and should be given further attention in plant rhizosphere microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Keren
- The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Galit Yehezkel
- The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Lakkakula Satish
- The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Zahar Adamov
- The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ze’ev Barak
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shimon Ben-Shabat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Varda Kagan-Zur
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yaron Sitrit
- The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Katif Research Center for Research & Development, Netivot, Israel
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10
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Zhao Q, Yao F, Li W, Liu S, Bi S. Identification of a dCache-type chemoreceptor in Campylobacter jejuni that specifically mediates chemotaxis towards methyl pyruvate. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1400284. [PMID: 38784811 PMCID: PMC11111895 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1400284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The foodborne pathogenic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni utilizes chemotaxis to assist in the colonization of host niches. A key to revealing the relationship among chemotaxis and pathogenicity is the discovery of signaling molecules perceived by the chemoreceptors. The C. jejuni chemoreceptor Tlp11 is encoded by the highly infective C. jejuni strains. In the present study, we report that the dCache-type ligand-binding domain (LBD) of C. jejuni ATCC 33560 Tlp11 binds directly to novel ligands methyl pyruvate, toluene, and quinoline using the same pocket. Methyl pyruvate elicits a strong chemoattractant response, while toluene and quinoline function as the antagonists without triggering chemotaxis. The sensory LBD was used to control heterologous proteins by constructing chimeras, indicating that the signal induced by methyl pyruvate is transmitted across the membrane. In addition, bioinformatics and experiments revealed that the dCache domains with methyl pyruvate-binding sites and ability are widely distributed in the order Campylobacterales. This is the first report to identify the class of dCache chemoreceptors that bind to attractant methyl pyruvate and antagonists toluene and quinoline. Our research provides a foundation for understanding the chemotaxis and virulence of C. jejuni and lays a basis for the control of this foodborne pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fulian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangjiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangyu Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Ramnarine SDB, Ali O, Jayaraman J, Ramsubhag A. Early transcriptional changes of heavy metal resistance and multiple efflux genes in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris under copper and heavy metal ion stress. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:81. [PMID: 38461228 PMCID: PMC10924375 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper-induced gene expression in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is typically evaluated using targeted approaches involving qPCR. The global response to copper stress in Xcc and resistance to metal induced damage is not well understood. However, homologs of heavy metal efflux genes from the related Stenotrophomonas genus are found in Xanthomonas which suggests that metal related efflux may also be present. METHODS AND RESULTS Gene expression in Xcc strain BrA1 exposed to 0.8 mM CuSO4.5H2O for 15 minutes was captured using RNA-seq analysis. Changes in expression was noted for genes related to general stress responses and oxidoreductases, biofilm formation, protein folding chaperones, heat-shock proteins, membrane lipid profile, multiple drug and efflux (MDR) transporters, and DNA repair were documented. At this timepoint only the cohL (copper homeostasis/tolerance) gene was upregulated as well as a chromosomal czcCBA efflux operon. An additional screen up to 4 hrs using qPCR was conducted using a wider range of heavy metals. Target genes included a cop-containing heavy metal resistance island and putative metal efflux genes. Several efflux pumps, including a copper resistance associated homolog from S. maltophilia, were upregulated under toxic copper stress. However, these pumps were also upregulated in response to other toxic heavy metals. Additionally, the temporal expression of the coh and cop operons was also observed, demonstrating co-expression of tolerance responses and later activation of part of the cop operon. CONCLUSIONS Overall, initial transcriptional responses focused on combating oxidative stress, mitigating protein damage and potentially increasing resistance to heavy metals and other biocides. A putative copper responsive efflux gene and others which might play a role in broader heavy metal resistance were also identified. Furthermore, the expression patterns of the cop operon in conjunction with other copper responsive genes allowed for a better understanding of the fate of copper ions in Xanthomonas. This work provides useful evidence for further evaluating MDR and other efflux pumps in metal-specific homeostasis and tolerance phenotypes in the Xanthomonas genus. Furthermore, non-canonical copper tolerance and resistance efflux pumps were potentially identified. These findings have implications for interpreting MIC differences among strains with homologous copLAB resistance genes, understanding survival under copper stress, and resistance in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D B Ramnarine
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, W. I
| | - Omar Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, W. I
| | - Jayaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, W. I
| | - Adesh Ramsubhag
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, W. I.
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12
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Mukhopadhyay S, Bishayi R, Shaji A, Lee AH, Gupta R, Mohajeri M, Katiyar A, McKee B, Schmitz IR, Shin R, Lele TP, Lele PP. Dynamic Adaptation in Extant Porins Facilitates Antibiotic Tolerance in Energetic Escherichia coli. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.07.583920. [PMID: 38496420 PMCID: PMC10942424 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.583920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria can tolerate antibiotics despite lacking the genetic components for resistance. The prevailing notion is that tolerance results from depleted cellular energy or cell dormancy. In contrast to this view, many cells in the tolerant population of Escherichia coli can exhibit motility - a phenomenon that requires cellular energy, specifically, the proton-motive force (PMF). As these motile-tolerant cells are challenging to isolate from the heterogeneous tolerant population, their survival mechanism is unknown. Here, we discovered that motile bacteria segregate themselves from the tolerant population under micro-confinement, owing to their unique ability to penetrate micron-sized channels. Single-cell measurements on the motile-tolerant population showed that the cells retained a high PMF, but they did not survive through active efflux alone. By utilizing growth assays, single-cell fluorescence studies, and chemotaxis assays, we showed that the cells survived by dynamically inhibiting the function of existing porins in the outer membrane. A drug transport model for porin-mediated intake and efflux pump-mediated expulsion suggested that energetic tolerant cells withstand antibiotics by constricting their porins. The novel porin adaptation we have uncovered is independent of gene expression changes and may involve electrostatic modifications within individual porins to prevent extracellular ligand entry.
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13
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Gentry-Lear Z, Franco K, Shavlik M, Harms MJ, Baylink A. Navigating contradictions: Salmonella Typhimurium chemotactic responses to conflicting chemoeffector signals show parity with bacterial growth benefits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.18.576330. [PMID: 38293242 PMCID: PMC10827161 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.18.576330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Many bacteria that colonize the guts of animals use chemotaxis to direct swimming motility and select sites for colonization based on sources of effectors derived from the host, diet, and microbial competitors of the local environ. The complex ecosystem of the gastrointestinal tract contains mixtures of chemoattractants and chemorepellents, but it remains poorly understood how swimming bacteria navigate conflicting signals. The enteric pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium possesses Tsr, a chemoreceptor protein that directs both chemoattraction and chemorepulsion responses, which we employed as a model to study chemotaxis in the presence of conflicting effector stimuli. We investigated how S. Typhimurium responds to human fecal matter, an effector source in the enteric lumen that contains high concentrations of indole, a bacteriostatic chemorepellent produced by the native commensals of the microbiota, and also nutrients such as l-serine, a chemoattractant. The indole concentration in human feces is more than 12-fold the concentration required for half-maximal chemorepulsion, however, we find S. Typhimurium, and various clinical isolates of non-typhoidal S. enterica serovars, are strongly attracted to liquid fecal matter. We further investigated the chemotactic responses of S. Typhimurium to titrations of indole and l-serine and revealed that chemorepulsion to indole is overridden in the presence of excess l-serine. We capture the inversion of these two opposing taxis behaviors in a phenomenon we define as "chemohalation" in which the bacteria organize into a halo around the treatment source with an interior zone of avoidance, which represents a compromise between chemoattraction and chemorepulsion. Growth analyses reveal that the chemotactic responses to these opposing effectors align chemoattraction and chemorepulsion with the relative growth of the bacteria in culture. Hence, our study supports the view that evolution has finely tuned chemotaxis to assess environmental habitability by evaluating the tradeoffs in bacterial growth based on the local combination of effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zealon Gentry-Lear
- University of Oregon, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Eugene, OR, 97403
| | - Kailie Franco
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Michael Shavlik
- University of Oregon, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Eugene, OR, 97403
| | - Michael J. Harms
- University of Oregon, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Eugene, OR, 97403
- University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular Biology, Eugene, OR, 97403
| | - Arden Baylink
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Pullman, WA 99164
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14
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Berry MA, Andrianova EP, Zhulin IB. Diverse domain architectures of CheA histidine kinase, a central component of bacterial and archaeal chemosensory systems. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0346423. [PMID: 38038435 PMCID: PMC10782961 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03464-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE We found that in contrast to the best-studied model organisms, such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, most bacterial and archaeal species have a CheA protein with a different domain composition. We report variations in CheA architecture, such as domain duplication and acquisition as well as class-specific domain composition. Our results will be of interest to those working on signal transduction in bacteria and archaea and lay the foundation for experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A. Berry
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Igor B. Zhulin
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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15
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Ramoneda J, Fan K, Lucas JM, Chu H, Bissett A, Strickland MS, Fierer N. Ecological relevance of flagellar motility in soil bacterial communities. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae067. [PMID: 38648266 PMCID: PMC11095265 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Flagellar motility is a key bacterial trait as it allows bacteria to navigate their immediate surroundings. Not all bacteria are capable of flagellar motility, and the distribution of this trait, its ecological associations, and the life history strategies of flagellated taxa remain poorly characterized. We developed and validated a genome-based approach to infer the potential for flagellar motility across 12 bacterial phyla (26 192 unique genomes). The capacity for flagellar motility was associated with a higher prevalence of genes for carbohydrate metabolism and higher maximum potential growth rates, suggesting that flagellar motility is more prevalent in environments with higher carbon availability. To test this hypothesis, we applied a method to infer the prevalence of flagellar motility in whole bacterial communities from metagenomic data and quantified the prevalence of flagellar motility across four independent field studies that each captured putative gradients in soil carbon availability (148 metagenomes). We observed a positive relationship between the prevalence of bacterial flagellar motility and soil carbon availability in all datasets. Since soil carbon availability is often correlated with other factors that could influence the prevalence of flagellar motility, we validated these observations using metagenomic data from a soil incubation experiment where carbon availability was directly manipulated with glucose amendments. This confirmed that the prevalence of bacterial flagellar motility is consistently associated with soil carbon availability over other potential confounding factors. This work highlights the value of combining predictive genomic and metagenomic approaches to expand our understanding of microbial phenotypic traits and reveal their general environmental associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Ramoneda
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, 80309 Boulder, CO, United States
- Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB), 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Kunkun Fan
- Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Jane M Lucas
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 12545 Millbrook, NY, United States
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 101408 Beijing, China
| | | | - Michael S Strickland
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, 83843 Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Noah Fierer
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, 80309 Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, 80309 Boulder, CO, United States
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16
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Matilla MA, Krell T. Sensing the environment by bacterial plant pathogens: What do their numerous chemoreceptors recognize? Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14368. [PMID: 37929806 PMCID: PMC10832524 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have evolved multiple sensing strategies to efficiently adapt to their natural hosts and environments. In the context of plant pathology, chemotaxis allows phytopathogenic bacteria to direct their movement towards hosts through the detection of a landscape of plant-derived molecules, facilitating the initiation of the infective process. The importance of chemotaxis for the lifestyle of phytopathogens is also reflected in the fact that they have, on average, twice as many chemoreceptors as bacteria that do not interact with plants. Paradoxically, the knowledge about the function of plant pathogen chemoreceptors is scarce. Notably, many of these receptors seem to be specific to plant-interacting bacteria, suggesting that they may recognize plant-specific compounds. Here, we highlight the need to advance our knowledge of phytopathogen chemoreceptor function, which may serve as a base for the development of anti-infective therapies for the control of phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental ProtectionEstación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental ProtectionEstación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
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17
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Wu F, Ren F, Xie X, Meng J, Wu X. The implication of viability and pathogenicity by truncated lipopolysaccharide in Yersinia enterocolitica. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7165-7180. [PMID: 37728625 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12785-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The fast envelope stress responses play a key role in the transmission and pathogenesis of Yersinia enterocolitica, one of the most common foodborne pathogens. Our previous study showed that deletion of the waaF gene, essential for the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core polysaccharides, led to the formation of a truncated LPS structure and induced cell envelope stress. This envelope stress may disturb the intracellular signal transduction, thereby affecting the physiological functions of Y. enterocolitica. In this study, truncated LPS caused by waaF deletion was used as a model of envelope stress in Y. enterocolitica. We investigated the mechanisms of envelope stress responses and the cellular functions affected by truncated LPS. Transcriptome analysis and phenotypic validation showed that LPS truncation reduced flagellar assembly, bacterial chemotaxis, and inositol phosphate metabolism, presenting lower pathogenicity and viability both in vivo and in vitro environments. Further 4D label-free phosphorylation analysis confirmed that truncated LPS perturbed multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways. Specifically, a comprehensive discussion was conducted on the mechanisms by which chemotactic signal transduction and Rcs system contribute to the inhibition of chemotaxis. Finally, the pathogenicity of Y. enterocolitica with truncated LPS was evaluated in vitro using IPEC-J2 cells as models, and it was found that truncated LPS exhibited reduced adhesion, invasion, and toxicity of Y. enterocolitica to IPEC-J2 cells. Our research provides an understanding of LPS in the regulation of Y. enterocolitica viability and pathogenicity and, thus, opening new avenues to develop novel food safety strategies or drugs to prevent and control Y. enterocolitica infections. KEY POINTS: • Truncated LPS reduces flagellar assembly, chemotaxis, and inositol phosphate metabolism in Y. enterocolitica. • Truncated LPS reduces adhesion, invasion, and toxicity of Y. enterocolitica to IPEC-J2 cells. • Truncated LPS regulates intracellular signal transduction of Y. enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Fengyun Ren
- Laboratory of Nutrient Resources and Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xixian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Jiao Meng
- Laboratory of Nutrient Resources and Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Xin Wu
- Laboratory of Nutrient Resources and Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Tianjin, 300308, China
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18
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Matilla MA, Krell T. Targeting motility and chemotaxis as a strategy to combat bacterial pathogens. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:2205-2211. [PMID: 37387327 PMCID: PMC10686171 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del ZaidínConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del ZaidínConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
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19
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Zhu X, Cai J, Wang Y, Liu X, Chen X, Wang H, Wu Z, Bao W, Fan H, Wu S. A High-Fat Diet Increases the Characteristics of Gut Microbial Composition and the Intestinal Damage Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16733. [PMID: 38069055 PMCID: PMC10706137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing annually, and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a causative role in the development of NAFLD. However, the role of gut microbiota in the development of NAFLD remains unclear and warrants further investigation. Thus, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and we found that the HFD significantly induced obesity and increased the accumulation of intrahepatic lipids, along with alterations in serum biochemical parameters. Moreover, it was observed that the HFD also impaired gut barrier integrity. It was revealed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing that the HFD increased gut microbial diversity, which enriched Colidextribacter, Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136-group, Acetatifactor, and Erysipelatoclostridium. Meanwhile, it reduced the abundance of Faecalibaculum, Muribaculaceae, and Coriobacteriaceae-UCG-002. The predicted metabolic pathways suggest that HFD enhances the chemotaxis and functional activity of gut microbiota pathways associated with flagellar assembly, while also increasing the risk of intestinal pathogen colonization and inflammation. And the phosphotransferase system, streptomycin biosynthesis, and starch/sucrose metabolism exhibited decreases. These findings reveal the composition and predictive functions of the intestinal microbiome in NAFLD, further corroborating the association between gut microbiota and NAFLD while providing novel insights into its potential application in gut microbiome research for NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Jiajia Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yifu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Hairui Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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20
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Monteagudo-Cascales E, Gumerov VM, Fernández M, Matilla MA, Gavira JA, Zhulin IB, Krell T. Ubiquitous purine sensor modulates diverse signal transduction pathways in bacteria. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.26.564149. [PMID: 37961346 PMCID: PMC10634846 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.564149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Purines and their derivatives are key molecules for controlling intracellular energy homeostasis and nucleotide synthesis. In eukaryotes, including humans, purines also act as signaling molecules that mediate extracellular communication and control key cellular processes, such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, the signaling role of purines in bacteria is largely unknown. Here, by combining structural and sequence information, we define a purine-binding motif, which is present in sensor domains of thousands of bacterial receptors that modulate motility, gene expression, metabolism and second messenger turnover. The screening of compound libraries and microcalorimetric titrations of selected sensor domains validated their ability to specifically bind purine derivatives. The physiological relevance of purine sensing was demonstrated in a second messenger signaling system that modulates c-di-GMP levels.
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21
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Matilla MA, Gavira JA, Krell T. Accessing nutrients as the primary benefit arising from chemotaxis. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 75:102358. [PMID: 37459734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
About half of the known bacterial species perform chemotaxis that gains them access to sites that are optimal for growth and survival. The motility apparatus and chemotaxis signaling pathway impose a large energetic and metabolic burden on the cell. There is almost no limit to the type of chemoeffectors that are recognized by bacterial chemoreceptors. For example, they include hormones, neurotransmitters, quorum-sensing molecules, and inorganic ions. However, the vast majority of chemoeffectors appear to be of metabolic value. We review here the experimental evidence indicating that accessing nutrients is the main selective force that led to the evolution of chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - José A Gavira
- Laboratory of Crystallographic Studies, IACT (CSIC-UGR), Armilla, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain.
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22
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Matilla MA, Monson RE, Salmond GPC. Dickeya solani. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:1085-1086. [PMID: 36958995 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, 18008, Spain.
| | - Rita E Monson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - George P C Salmond
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
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23
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Berry MA, Andrianova EP, Zhulin IB. Diverse domain architectures of CheA histidine kinase, a central component of bacterial and archaeal chemosensory systems. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.19.558490. [PMID: 37790397 PMCID: PMC10542144 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemosensory systems in bacteria and archaea are complex, multi-protein pathways that enable rapid cellular responses to environmental changes. The CheA histidine kinase is a central component of chemosensory systems. In contrast to other histidine kinases, it lacks a sensor (input) domain and utilizes dedicated chemoreceptors for sensing. CheA is a multi-domain protein; in model organisms as diverse as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, it contains five single-copy domains. Deviations from this canonical domain architecture have been reported, however, a broad genome-wide analysis of CheA diversity is lacking. Here, we present results of a genomic survey of CheA domain composition carried out using an unbiased set of thousands of CheA sequences from bacteria and archaea. We found that four out of five canonical CheA domains comprise a minimal functional unit (core domains), as they are present in all surveyed CheA homologs. The most common deviations from a classical five-domain CheA architecture are the lack of a P2/CheY-binding domain, which is missing from more than a half of CheA homologs and the acquisition of a response regulator receiver (CheY-like) domain, which is present in ~35% of CheA homologs. We also document other deviations from classical CheA architecture, including bipartite CheA proteins, domain duplications and fusions, and reveal that phylogenetically defined CheA classes have pre-dominant domain architectures. This study lays a foundation for a better classification of CheA homologs and identifies targets for experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A. Berry
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | | | - Igor B. Zhulin
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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24
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Suzuki S, Yokota K, Igimi S, Kajikawa A. Negative chemotaxis of Ligilactobacillus agilis BKN88 against gut-derived substances. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15632. [PMID: 37730901 PMCID: PMC10511705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ligilactobacillus agilis is a motile lactic acid bacterium found in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals. The findings of our previous study suggest that the motility of L. agilis BKN88 enables gut colonization in murine models. However, the chemotactic abilities of motile lactobacilli remain unknown. This study aimed to identify the gut-derived chemoeffectors and their corresponding chemoreceptors in L. agilis BKN88. Chemotaxis assays with chemotactic and non-chemotactic (ΔcheA) L. agilis strains revealed that low pH, organic acids, and bile salts served as repellents. L. agilis BKN88 was more sensitive to bile and acid than the gut-derived non-motile lactobacilli, implying that L. agilis might utilize motility and chemotaxis instead of exhibiting stress tolerance/resistance. L. agilis BKN88 contains five putative chemoreceptor genes (mcp1-mcp5). Chemotaxis assays using a series of chemoreceptor mutants revealed that each of the five chemoreceptors could sense multiple chemoeffectors and that these chemoreceptors were functionally redundant. Mcp2 and Mcp3 sensed all tested chemoeffectors. This study provides further insights into the interactions between chemoreceptors and ligands of motile lactobacilli and the unique ecological and evolutionary features of motile lactobacilli, which may be distinct from those of non-motile lactobacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Suzuki
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Kenji Yokota
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Shizunobu Igimi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akinobu Kajikawa
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
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25
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Stehnach MR, Henshaw RJ, Floge SA, Guasto JS. Multiplexed microfluidic screening of bacterial chemotaxis. eLife 2023; 12:e85348. [PMID: 37486823 PMCID: PMC10365836 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganism sensing of and responding to ambient chemical gradients regulates a myriad of microbial processes that are fundamental to ecosystem function and human health and disease. The development of efficient, high-throughput screening tools for microbial chemotaxis is essential to disentangling the roles of diverse chemical compounds and concentrations that control cell nutrient uptake, chemorepulsion from toxins, and microbial pathogenesis. Here, we present a novel microfluidic multiplexed chemotaxis device (MCD) which uses serial dilution to simultaneously perform six parallel bacterial chemotaxis assays that span five orders of magnitude in chemostimulant concentration on a single chip. We first validated the dilution and gradient generation performance of the MCD, and then compared the measured chemotactic response of an established bacterial chemotaxis system (Vibrio alginolyticus) to a standard microfluidic assay. Next, the MCD's versatility was assessed by quantifying the chemotactic responses of different bacteria (Psuedoalteromonas haloplanktis, Escherichia coli) to different chemoattractants and chemorepellents. The MCD vastly accelerates the chemotactic screening process, which is critical to deciphering the complex sea of chemical stimuli underlying microbial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Stehnach
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, United States
| | - Richard J Henshaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, United States
| | - Sheri A Floge
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Guasto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, United States
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26
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Zhang L, Wang F, Jia L, Yan H, Gao L, Tian Y, Su X, Zhang X, Lv C, Ma Z, Xue Y, Lin Q, Wang K. Edwardsiella piscicida infection reshapes the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of big-belly seahorses: mechanistic insights of synergistic actions of virulence factors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1135588. [PMID: 37215132 PMCID: PMC10193291 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1135588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of Edwardsiella piscicida-induced enteritis is essential for global aquaculture. In the present study, we identified E. piscicida as a lethal pathogen of the big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) and revealed its pathogenic pattern and characteristics by updating our established bacterial enteritis model and evaluation system. Conjoint analysis of metagenomic and metabolomic data showed that 15 core virulence factors could mutually coordinate the remodeling of intestinal microorganisms and host metabolism and induce enteritis in the big-belly seahorse. Specifically, the Flagella, Type IV pili, and Lap could significantly increase the activities of the representative functional pathways of both flagella assembly and bacterial chemotaxis in the intestinal microbiota (P < 0.01) to promote pathogen motility, adherence, and invasion. Legiobactin, IraAB, and Hpt could increase ABC transporter activity (P < 0.01) to compete for host nutrition and promote self-replication. Capsule1, HP-NAP, and FarAB could help the pathogen to avoid phagocytosis. Upon entering epithelial cells and phagocytes, Bsa T3SS and Dot/Icm could significantly increase bacterial secretion system activity (P < 0.01) to promote the intracellular survival and replication of the pathogen and the subsequent invasion of the neighboring tissues. Finally, LPS3 could significantly increase lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis (P < 0.01) to release toxins and kill the host. Throughout the pathogenic process, BopD, PhoP, and BfmRS significantly activated the two-component system (P < 0.01) to coordinate with other VFs to promote deep invasion. In addition, the levels of seven key metabolic biomarkers, Taurine, L-Proline, Uridine, L-Glutamate, Glutathione, Xanthosine, and L-Malic acid, significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and they can be used for characterizing E. piscicida infection. Overall, the present study systematically revealed how a combination of virulence factors mediate E. piscicida-induced enteritis in fish for the first time, providing a theoretical reference for preventing and controlling this disease in the aquaculture of seahorses and other fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Longwu Jia
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Hansheng Yan
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Longkun Gao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaolei Su
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunhui Lv
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhenhao Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xue
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center of Science, Technology and Industrialization of Seahorses, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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27
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Zhou B, Szymanski CM, Baylink A. Bacterial chemotaxis in human diseases. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:453-467. [PMID: 36411201 PMCID: PMC11238666 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To infect and cause disease, bacterial pathogens must localize to specific regions of the host where they possess the metabolic and defensive acumen for survival. Motile flagellated pathogens exercise control over their localization through chemotaxis to direct motility based on the landscape of exogenous nutrients, toxins, and molecular cues sensed within the host. Here, we review advances in understanding the roles chemotaxis plays in human diseases. Chemotaxis drives pathogen colonization to sites of inflammation and injury and mediates fitness advantages through accessing host-derived nutrients from damaged tissue. Injury tropism may worsen clinical outcomes through instigating chronic inflammation and subsequent cancer development. Inhibiting bacterial chemotactic systems could act synergistically with antibacterial medicines for more effective and specific eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Zhou
- University of Georgia, Department of Microbiology and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Christine M Szymanski
- University of Georgia, Department of Microbiology and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Arden Baylink
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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28
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Monteagudo-Cascales E, Ortega Á, Velando F, Morel B, Matilla MA, Krell T. Study of NIT domain-containing chemoreceptors from two global phytopathogens and identification of NIT domains in eukaryotes. Mol Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 37186477 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial signal transduction systems are typically activated by the binding of signal molecules to receptor ligand binding domains (LBDs), such as the NIT LBD. We report here the identification of the NIT domain in more than 15,000 receptors that were present in 30 bacterial phyla, but also in 19 eukaryotic phyla, expanding its known phylogenetic distribution. The NIT domain formed part of seven receptor families that either control transcription, mediate chemotaxis or regulate second messenger levels. We have produced the NIT domains from chemoreceptors of the bacterial phytopathogens Pectobacterium atrosepticum (PacN) and Pseudomonas savastanoi (PscN) as individual purified proteins. High-throughput ligand screening using compound libraries revealed a specificity for nitrate and nitrite binding. Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments showed that PacN-LBD bound preferentially nitrate ( K D = 1.9 μM), whereas the affinity of PscN-LBD for nitrite ( K D = 2.1 μM) was 22 times higher than that for nitrate. Analytical ultracentrifugation experiments indicated that PscN-LBD is monomeric in the presence and absence of ligands. The R182A mutant of PscN did not bind nitrate or nitrite. This residue is not conserved in the NIT domain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa chemoreceptor PA4520, which may be related to its failure to bind nitrate/nitrite. The magnitude of P. atrosepticum chemotaxis towards nitrate was significantly greater than that of nitrite and pacN deletion almost abolished responses to both compounds. This study highlights the important role of nitrate and nitrite as signal molecules in life and advances our knowledge on the NIT domain as universal nitrate/nitrite sensor module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabet Monteagudo-Cascales
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 'B' and Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain
| | - Félix Velando
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Bertrand Morel
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
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29
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Blanco-Romero E, Durán D, Garrido-Sanz D, Redondo-Nieto M, Martín M, Rivilla R. Adaption of Pseudomonas ogarae F113 to the Rhizosphere Environment-The AmrZ-FleQ Hub. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041037. [PMID: 37110460 PMCID: PMC10146422 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Motility and biofilm formation are two crucial traits in the process of rhizosphere colonization by pseudomonads. The regulation of both traits requires a complex signaling network that is coordinated by the AmrZ-FleQ hub. In this review, we describe the role of this hub in the adaption to the rhizosphere. The study of the direct regulon of AmrZ and the phenotypic analyses of an amrZ mutant in Pseudomonas ogarae F113 has shown that this protein plays a crucial role in the regulation of several cellular functions, including motility, biofilm formation, iron homeostasis, and bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) turnover, controlling the synthesis of extracellular matrix components. On the other hand, FleQ is the master regulator of flagellar synthesis in P. ogarae F113 and other pseudomonads, but its implication in the regulation of multiple traits related with environmental adaption has been shown. Genomic scale studies (ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq) have shown that in P. ogarae F113, AmrZ and FleQ are general transcription factors that regulate multiple traits. It has also been shown that there is a common regulon shared by the two transcription factors. Moreover, these studies have shown that AmrZ and FleQ form a regulatory hub that inversely regulate traits such as motility, extracellular matrix component production, and iron homeostasis. The messenger molecule c-di-GMP plays an essential role in this hub since its production is regulated by AmrZ and it is sensed by FleQ and required for its regulatory role. This regulatory hub is functional both in culture and in the rhizosphere, indicating that the AmrZ-FleQ hub is a main player of P. ogarae F113 adaption to the rhizosphere environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Blanco-Romero
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Durán
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Garrido-Sanz
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Redondo-Nieto
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martín
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Rivilla
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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30
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Duan J, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Chi Z, Li W, Wang X, Liu S, Bi S. The dCache Domain of the Chemoreceptor Tlp1 in Campylobacter jejuni Binds and Triggers Chemotaxis toward Formate. mBio 2023:e0356422. [PMID: 37052512 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03564-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis is an important virulence factor in some enteric pathogens, and it is involved in the pathogenesis and colonization of the host. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the environmental signals that promote chemotactic behavior and the sensing of these signals by chemoreceptors. To date, there is no information on the ligand molecule that directly binds to and is sensed by Campylobacter jejuni Tlp1, which is a chemoreceptor with a dCache-type ligand-binding domain (LBD). dCache (double Calcium channels and chemotaxis receptor) is the largest group of sensory domains in bacteria, but the dCache-type chemoreceptor that directly binds to formate has not yet been discovered. In this study, formate was identified as a direct-binding ligand of C. jejuni Tlp1 with high sensing specificity. We used the strategy of constructing a functional hybrid receptor of C. jejuni Tlp1 and the Escherichia coli chemoreceptor Tar to screen for the potential ligand of Tlp1, with the binding of formate to Tlp1-LBD being verified using isothermal titration calorimetry. Molecular docking and experimental analyses indicated that formate binds to the membrane-proximal pocket of the dCache subdomain. Chemotaxis assays demonstrated that formate elicits robust attractant responses of the C. jejuni strain NCTC 11168, specifically via Tlp1. The chemoattraction effect of formate via Tlp1 promoted the growth of C. jejuni, especially when competing with Tlp1- or CheY-knockout strains. Our study reveals the molecular mechanisms by which C. jejuni mediates chemotaxis toward formate, and, to our knowledge, is the first report on the high-specificity binding of the dCache-type chemoreceptor to formate as well as the physiological role of chemotaxis toward formate. IMPORTANCE Chemotaxis is important for Campylobacter jejuni to colonize favorable niches in the gastrointestinal tract of its host. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the ligand molecules for C. jejuni chemoreceptors. The dCache-type chemoreceptor, namely, Tlp1, is the most conserved chemoreceptor in C. jejuni strains; however, the direct-binding ligand(s) triggering chemotaxis has not yet been discovered. In the present study, we found that the ligand that binds directly to Tlp1-LBD with high specificity is formate. C. jejuni exhibits robust chemoattraction toward formate, primarily via Tlp1. Tlp1 is the first reported dCache-type chemoreceptor that specifically binds formate and triggers strong chemotaxis. We further demonstrated that the formate-mediated promotion of C. jejuni growth is correlated with Tlp1-mediated chemotaxis toward formate. Our work provides important insights into the mechanism and physiological function of chemotaxis toward formate and will facilitate further investigations into the involvement of microbial chemotaxis in pathogen-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhe Chi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuangjiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangyu Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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31
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Velando F, Matilla MA, Zhulin IB, Krell T. Three unrelated chemoreceptors provide Pectobacterium atrosepticum with a broad-spectrum amino acid sensing capability. Microb Biotechnol 2023. [PMID: 36965186 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are important nutrients and also serve as signals for diverse signal transduction pathways. Bacteria use chemoreceptors to recognize amino acid attractants and to navigate their gradients. In Escherichia coli two likely paralogous chemoreceptors Tsr and Tar detect 9 amino acids, whereas in Pseudomonas aeruginosa the paralogous chemoreceptors PctA, PctB and PctC detect 18 amino acids. Here, we show that the phytobacterium Pectobacterium atrosepticum uses the three non-homologous chemoreceptors PacA, PacB and PacC to detect 19 proteinogenic and several non-proteinogenic amino acids. PacB recognizes 18 proteinogenic amino acids as well as 8 non-proteinogenic amino acids. PacB has a ligand preference for the three branched chain amino acids L-leucine, L-valine and L-isoleucine. PacA detects L-proline next to several quaternary amines. The third chemoreceptor, PacC, is an ortholog of E. coli Tsr and the only one of the 36 P. atrosepticum chemoreceptors that is encoded in the cluster of chemosensory pathway genes. Surprisingly, in contrast to Tsr, which primarily senses serine, PacC recognizes aspartate as the major chemoeffector but not serine. Our results demonstrate that bacteria use various strategies to sense a wide range of amino acids and that it takes more than one chemoreceptor to achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Velando
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Igor B Zhulin
- Department of Microbiology and Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
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32
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Chen HH, Wang YX, Li DF, Liu C, Bi SY, Jiang CY, Liu SJ. Chemoreceptors from the commensal gut Roseburia rectibacter bind to mucin and trigger chemotaxis. Environ Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36869629 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotaxis is crucial for bacterial adherence and colonization of the host gastrointestinal tract. Previous studies have demonstrated that chemotaxis affects the virulence of causative pathogens and the infection in the host. However, the chemotactic abilities of non-pathogenic and commensal gut bacteria have rarely been explored. We observed that Roseburia rectibacter NSJ-69 exhibited flagella-dependent motility and chemotaxis to a variety of molecules, including mucin and propionate. A genome-wide analysis revealed that NSJ-69 has 28 putative chemoreceptors, 15 of which have periplasmic ligand-binding domains (LBDs). These LBD-coding genes were chemically synthesized and expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli. Intensive screening of ligands revealed four chemoreceptors bound to mucin and two bound to propionate. When expressed in Comamonas testosteroni or E. coli, these chemoreceptors elicited chemotaxis toward mucin and propionate. Hybrid chemoreceptors were constructed, and results showed that the chemotactic responses to mucin and propionate were dependent on the LBDs of R. rectibacter chemoreceptors. Our study identified and characterized R. rectibacter chemoreceptors. These results will facilitate further investigations on the involvement of microbial chemotaxis in host colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-He Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Yu Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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33
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Gálvez-Roldán C, Cerna-Vargas JP, Rodríguez-Herva JJ, Krell T, Santamaría-Hernando S, López-Solanilla E. A Nitrate-Sensing Domain-Containing Chemoreceptor Is Required for Successful Entry and Virulence of Dickeya dadantii 3937 in Potato Plants. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:390-399. [PMID: 36399025 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-10-22-0367-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate metabolism plays an important role in bacterial physiology. During the interaction of plant-pathogenic bacteria with their hosts, bacteria face variable conditions with respect to nitrate availability. Perception mechanisms through the chemosensory pathway drive the entry and control the colonization of the plant host in phytopathogenic bacteria. In this work, the identification and characterization of the nitrate- and nitrite-sensing (NIT) domain-containing chemoreceptor of Dickeya dadantii 3937 (Dd3937) allowed us to unveil the key role of nitrate sensing not only for the entry into the plant apoplast through wounds but also for infection success. We determined the specificity of this chemoreceptor to bind nitrate and nitrite, with a slight ligand preference for nitrate. Gene expression analysis showed that nitrate perception controls not only the expression of nitrate reductase genes involved in respiratory and assimilatory metabolic processes but also the expression of gyrA, hrpN, and bgxA, three well-known virulence determinants in Dd3937.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gálvez-Roldán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGP, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean Paul Cerna-Vargas
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGP, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Protección Ambiental, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - José Juan Rodríguez-Herva
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGP, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Departamento de Protección Ambiental, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Saray Santamaría-Hernando
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGP, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia López-Solanilla
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGP, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Rhizobial migration toward roots mediated by FadL-ExoFQP modulation of extracellular long-chain AHLs. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:417-431. [PMID: 36627434 PMCID: PMC9938287 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Migration from rhizosphere to rhizoplane is a key selecting process in root microbiome assembly, but not fully understood. Rhizobiales members are overrepresented in the core root microbiome of terrestrial plants, and here we report a genome-wide transposon-sequencing of rhizoplane fitness genes of beneficial Sinorhizobium fredii on wild soybean, cultivated soybean, rice, and maize. There were few genes involved in broad-host-range rhizoplane colonization. The fadL mutant lacking a fatty acid transporter exhibited high colonization rates, while mutations in exoFQP (encoding membrane proteins directing exopolysaccharide polymerization and secretion), but not those in exo genes essential for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, led to severely impaired colonization rates. This variation was not explainable by their rhizosphere and rhizoplane survivability, and associated biofilm and exopolysaccharide production, but consistent with their migration ability toward rhizoplane, and associated surface motility and the mixture of quorum-sensing AHLs (N-acylated-L-homoserine lactones). Genetics and physiology evidences suggested that FadL mediated long-chain AHL uptake while ExoF mediated the secretion of short-chain AHLs which negatively affected long-chain AHL biosynthesis. The fadL and exoF mutants had elevated and depleted extracellular long-chain AHLs, respectively. A synthetic mixture of long-chain AHLs mimicking that of the fadL mutant can improve rhizobial surface motility. When this AHL mixture was spotted into rhizosphere, the migration toward roots and rhizoplane colonization of S. fredii were enhanced in a diffusible way. This work adds novel parts managing extracellular AHLs, which modulate bacterial migration toward rhizoplane. The FadL-ExoFQP system is conserved in Alphaproteobacteria and may shape the "home life" of diverse keystone rhizobacteria.
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Laganenka L, Lee JW, Malfertheiner L, Dieterich CL, Fuchs L, Piel J, von Mering C, Sourjik V, Hardt WD. Chemotaxis and autoinducer-2 signalling mediate colonization and contribute to co-existence of Escherichia coli strains in the murine gut. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:204-217. [PMID: 36624229 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria communicate and coordinate their behaviour at the intra- and interspecies levels by producing and sensing diverse extracellular small molecules called autoinducers. Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is produced and detected by a variety of bacteria and thus plays an important role in interspecies communication and chemotaxis. Although AI-2 is a major autoinducer molecule present in the mammalian gut and can influence the composition of the murine gut microbiota, its role in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions during gut colonization remains unclear. Combining competitive infections in C57BL/6 mice with microscopy and bioinformatic approaches, we show that chemotaxis (cheY) and AI-2 signalling (via lsrB) promote gut colonization by Escherichia coli, which is in turn connected to the ability of the bacteria to utilize fructoselysine (frl operon). We further show that the genomic diversity of E. coli strains with respect to AI-2 signalling allows ecological niche segregation and stable co-existence of different E. coli strains in the mammalian gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanid Laganenka
- Institute of Microbiology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Malfertheiner
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lea Fuchs
- Institute of Microbiology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Piel
- Institute of Microbiology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian von Mering
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Sourjik
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
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Sakata N, Ishiga Y. Prevention of Stomatal Entry as a Strategy for Plant Disease Control against Foliar Pathogenic Pseudomonas Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030590. [PMID: 36771673 PMCID: PMC9919041 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The genus Pseudomonas includes some of the most problematic and studied foliar bacterial pathogens. Generally, in a successful disease cycle there is an initial epiphytic lifestyle on the leaf surface and a subsequent aggressive endophytic stage inside the leaf apoplast. Leaf-associated bacterial pathogens enter intercellular spaces and internal leaf tissues by natural surface opening sites, such as stomata. The stomatal crossing is complex and dynamic, and functional genomic studies have revealed several virulence factors required for plant entry. Currently, treatments with copper-containing compounds, where authorized and admitted, and antibiotics are commonly used against bacterial plant pathogens. However, strains resistant to these chemicals occur in the fields. Therefore, the demand for alternative control strategies has been increasing. This review summarizes efficient strategies to prevent bacterial entry. Virulence factors required for entering the leaf in plant-pathogenic Pseudomonas species are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Sakata
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (Y.I.); Tel./Fax: (+81)-029-853-4792 (Y.I.)
| | - Yasuhiro Ishiga
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (Y.I.); Tel./Fax: (+81)-029-853-4792 (Y.I.)
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37
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Liu CC, Lin MH. Hitchhiking motility of Staphylococcus aureus involves the interaction between its wall teichoic acids and lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1068251. [PMID: 36687638 PMCID: PMC9849799 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1068251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, which lacks pili and flagella, is nonmotile. However, it hitchhikes motile bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to migrate in the environment. This study demonstrated that the hitchhiking motility of S. aureus SA113 was reduced after the tagO, which encodes an enzyme for wall teichoic acids (WTA) synthesis, was deleted. The hitchhiking motility was restored after the mutation was complemented by transforming a plasmid expressing TagO into the mutant. We also showed that adding purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a culture that contains S. aureus SA113 and P. aeruginosa PAO1, reduced the movement of S. aureus, showing that WTA and LPS are involved in the hitchhiking motility of S. aureus. This study also found that P. aeruginosa promoted the movement of S. aureus in the digestive tract of Caenorhabditis elegans and in mice. In conclusion, this study reveals how S. aureus hitchhikes P. aeruginosa for translocation in an ecosystem. The results from this study improve our understanding on how a nonmotile pathogen moves in the environment and spreads in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chin Liu
- 1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lin
- 1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Mei-Hui Lin, ✉
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Ferraris L, Balvay A, Bellet D, Delannoy J, Maudet C, Larcher T, Rozé JC, Philippe C, Meylheuc T, Butel MJ, Rabot S, Aires J. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium neonatale fermentation metabolism and enteropathogenicity. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2172666. [PMID: 36801067 PMCID: PMC9980464 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2172666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial colonization in the gut plays a pivotal role in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) development, but the relationship between bacteria and NEC remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether bacterial butyrate end-fermentation metabolites participate in the development of NEC lesions and confirm the enteropathogenicity of Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium neonatale in NEC. First, we produced C.butyricum and C.neonatale strains impaired in butyrate production by genetically inactivating the hbd gene encoding β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase that produces end-fermentation metabolites. Second, we evaluated the enteropathogenicty of the hbd-knockout strains in a gnotobiotic quail model of NEC. The analyses showed that animals harboring these strains had significantly fewer and less intense intestinal lesions than those harboring the respective wild-type strains. In the absence of specific biological markers of NEC, the data provide original and new mechanistic insights into the disease pathophysiology, a necessary step for developing potential novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ferraris
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, Paris, France,FHU PREMA « Fighting prematurity, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Balvay
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Deborah Bellet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johanne Delannoy
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, Paris, France,FHU PREMA « Fighting prematurity, Paris, France
| | - Claire Maudet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Rozé
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Université hospitalière de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Philippe
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Thierry Meylheuc
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-José Butel
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, Paris, France,FHU PREMA « Fighting prematurity, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Julio Aires
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, Paris, France,FHU PREMA « Fighting prematurity, Paris, France,CONTACT Julio Aires Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, 3PHM, F-75006Paris, France
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Ashwath P, Somanath D, Sannejal AD. CRISPR and Antisense RNA Technology: Exploiting Nature's Tool to Restrain Virulence in Tenacious Pathogens. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:17-27. [PMID: 35980592 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria constitute a significant threat to mankind and at the same time represent a huge reservoir of abeyant therapeutics to prevent and treat various diseases. The concept of virulence determinants has been a compelling tool in driving research in the field of bacterial pathogenesis and infectious diseases. In this review, we highlight a few virulence elements forged by the pathogens from the viewpoint of the damage-response scaffold, vandalizing the susceptible host. Seeking an alternative to target the virulence determinants heads a road map toward the exemplary molecular approach. Hence, here we explore some of the exceptional applications of the clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)- based therapy and antisense RNA (asRNA) approach, which could be exploited to selectively dismantle adamant components of the pathogen's virulence machinery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review paper involving both CRISPR and antisense RNA technology, as an alternative strategy to evade virulence mechanisms in bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Ashwath
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Disha Somanath
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Akhila Dharnappa Sannejal
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India.
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40
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Zou M, Wang K, Zhao J, Lu H, Yang H, Huang M, Wang L, Wang G, Huang J, Min X. DegS protease regulates the motility, chemotaxis, and colonization of Vibrio cholerae. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1159986. [PMID: 37089576 PMCID: PMC10113495 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In bacteria, DegS protease functions as an activating factor of the σE envelope stress response system, which ultimately activates the transcription of stress response genes in the cytoplasm. On the basis of high-throughput RNA sequencing, we have previously found that degS knockout inhibits the expression of flagellum synthesis- and chemotaxis-related genes, thereby indicating that DegS may be involved in the regulation of V. cholerae motility. In this study, we examined the relationships between DegS and motility in V. cholerae. Swimming motility and chemotaxis assays revealed that degS or rpoE deletion promotes a substantial reduction in the motility and chemotaxis of V. cholerae, whereas these activities were restored in ΔdegS::degS and ΔdegSΔrseA strains, indicating that DegS is partially dependent on σE to positively regulate V. cholerae activity. Gene-act network analysis revealed that the cAMP-CRP-RpoS signaling pathway, which plays an important role in flagellar synthesis, is significantly inhibited in ΔdegS mutants, whereas in response to the overexpression of cyaA/crp and rpoS in the ΔdegS strain, the motility and chemotaxis of the ΔdegS + cyaA/crp and ΔdegS + rpoS strains were partially restored compared with the ΔdegS strain. We further demonstrated that transcription levels of the flagellar regulatory gene flhF are regulated by DegS via the cAMP-CRP-RpoS signaling pathway. Overexpression of the flhF gene in the ΔdegS strain partially restored motility and chemotaxis. In addition, suckling mouse intestinal colonization experiments indicated that the ΔdegS and ΔrpoE strains were characterized by the poor colonization of mouse intestines, whereas colonization efficacy was restored in the ΔdegSΔrseA, ΔdegS + cyaA/crp, ΔdegS + rpoS, and ΔdegS + flhF strains. Collectively, our findings indicate that DegS regulates the motility and chemotaxis of V. cholerae via the cAMP-CRP-RpoS-FlhF pathway, thereby influencing the colonization of suckling mouse intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Huifang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Meirong Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Guangli Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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41
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Xiao X, Li W, Pan Y, Wang J, Wei Z, Wang S, Wang N, Jian J, Pang H. Holistic analysis of lysine acetylation in aquaculture pathogenic bacteria Vibrio alginolyticus under bile salt stress. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1099255. [PMID: 37180076 PMCID: PMC10172577 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1099255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation modification is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification, which plays an important role in the metabolism and pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Vibrio alginolyticus is a common pathogenic bacterium in aquaculture, and bile salt can trigger the expression of bacterial virulence. However, little is known about the function of lysine acetylation in V. alginolyticus under bile salt stress. In this study, 1,315 acetylated peptides on 689 proteins were identified in V. alginolyticus under bile salt stress by acetyl-lysine antibody enrichment and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics analysis found that the peptides motif ****A*Kac**** and *******Kac****A* were highly conserved, and protein lysine acetylation was involved in regulating various cellular biological processes and maintaining the normal life activities of bacteria, such as ribosome, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, two-component system, and bacterial secretion system. Further, 22 acetylated proteins were also found to be related to the virulence of V. alginolyticus under bile salt stress through secretion system, chemotaxis and motility, and adherence. Finally, comparing un-treated and treated with bile salt stress lysine acetylated proteins, it was found that there were 240 overlapping proteins, and found amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, beta-Lactam resistance, fatty acid degradation, carbon metabolism, and microbial metabolism in diverse environments pathways were significantly enriched in bile salt stress alone. In conclusion, this study is a holistic analysis of lysine acetylation in V. alginolyticus under bile salt stress, especially many virulence factors have also acetylated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xiao
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wanxin Li
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yanfang Pan
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Junlin Wang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiqing Wei
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Na Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huanying Pang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Huanying Pang
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Mencía M. Acid digestion and symbiont: Proton sharing at the origin of mitochondriogenesis?: Proton production by a symbiotic bacterium may have been the origin of two hallmark eukaryotic features, acid digestion and mitochondria: Proton production by a symbiotic bacterium may have been the origin of two hallmark eukaryotic features, acid digestion and mitochondria. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2200136. [PMID: 36373631 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The initial relationships between organisms leading to endosymbiosis and the first eukaryote are currently a topic of hot debate. Here, I present a theory that offers a gradual scenario in which the origins of phagocytosis and mitochondria are intertwined in such a way that the evolution of one would not be possible without the other. In this scenario, the premitochondrial bacterial symbiont became initially associated with a protophagocytic host on the basis of cooperation to kill prey with symbiont-produced toxins and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequently, the cooperation was focused on the digestion stage, through the acidification of the protophagocytic cavities via exportation of protons produced by the aerobic respiration of the symbiont. The host gained an improved phagocytic capacity and the symbiont received organic compounds from prey. As the host gradually lost its membrane energetics to develop lysosomal digestion, respiration was centralized in the premitochondrial symbiont for energy production for the consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mencía
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28409, Spain
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43
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Matilla MA, Evans TJ, Martín J, Udaondo Z, Lomas‐Martínez C, Rico‐Jiménez M, Reyes F, Salmond GPC. Herbicolin A production and its modulation by quorum sensing in a
Pantoea agglomerans
rhizobacterium bioactive against a broad spectrum of plant‐pathogenic fungi. Microb Biotechnol 2022. [PMID: 36528875 PMCID: PMC10364316 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Global population growth makes it necessary to increase agricultural production yields. However, climate change impacts and diseases caused by plant pathogens are challenging modern agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to look for alternatives to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The plant microbiota plays an essential role in plant nutrition and health, and offers enormous potential to meet future challenges of agriculture. In this context, here we characterized the antifungal properties of the rhizosphere bacterium Pantoea agglomerans 9Rz4, which is active against a broad spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi. Chemical analyses revealed that strain 9Rz4 produces the antifungal herbicolin A and its biosynthetic gene cluster was identified and characterized. We found that the only acyl-homoserine lactone-based quorum sensing system of 9Rz4 modulates herbicolin A gene cluster expression. No role of plasmid carriage in the production of herbicolin A was observed. Plant assays revealed that herbicolin A biosynthesis does not affect the root colonization ability of P. agglomerans 9Rz4. Current legislative restrictions are aimed at reducing the use of chemical pesticides in agriculture, and the results derived from this study may lay the foundations for the development of novel biopesticides from rhizosphere microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada Spain
- Department of Biochemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Terry J. Evans
- Department of Biochemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Jesús Martín
- Fundación MEDINA Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía Granada Spain
| | - Zulema Udaondo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas USA
| | - Cristina Lomas‐Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada Spain
| | - Míriam Rico‐Jiménez
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada Spain
| | - Fernando Reyes
- Fundación MEDINA Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía Granada Spain
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Hadjidemetriou K, Kaur S, Cassidy CK, Zhang P. Mechanisms of E. coli chemotaxis signaling pathways visualized using cryoET and computational approaches. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1595-1605. [PMID: 36421737 PMCID: PMC9788364 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemotaxis signaling pathways enable bacteria to sense and respond to their chemical environment and, in some species, are critical for lifestyle processes such as biofilm formation and pathogenesis. The signal transduction underlying chemotaxis behavior is mediated by large, highly ordered protein complexes known as chemosensory arrays. For nearly two decades, cryo-electron tomography (cryoET) has been used to image chemosensory arrays, providing an increasingly detailed understanding of their structure and function. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the use of cryoET to study chemosensory arrays, including imaging strategies, key results, and outstanding questions. We further discuss the application of molecular modeling and simulation techniques to complement structure determination efforts and provide insight into signaling mechanisms. We close the review with a brief outlook, highlighting promising future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satinder Kaur
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - C. Keith Cassidy
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K
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45
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Ares Á, Sakai S, Sasaki T, Shimamura S, Mitarai S, Nunoura T. Sequestration and efflux largely account for cadmium and copper resistance in the deep-sea Nitratiruptor sp. SB155-2 (phylum Campylobacterota). Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6144-6163. [PMID: 36284406 PMCID: PMC10092412 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments, metal-enriched fluids and sediments abound, making these habitats ideal to study metal resistance in prokaryotes. In this investigation, we employed transcriptomics and shotgun proteomics with scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX) to better understand mechanisms of tolerance for cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) at stress-inducing concentrations in Nitratiruptor sp. SB155-2 (phylum Campylobacterota). Transcriptomic profiles were remarkably different in the presence of these two metals, displaying 385 (19%) and 629 (31%) differentially transcribed genes (DTG) in the presence of Cd(II) and Cu(II), respectively, while only 7% of differentially transcribed (DT) genes were shared, with genes for non-specific metal transporters and genes involved in oxidative stress-response predominating. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses confirmed that metal-specific DT pathways under Cu(II) stress, including those involving sulfur, cysteine, and methionine, are likely required for high-affinity efflux systems, while flagella formation and chemotaxis were over-represented under Cd(II) stress. Consistent with these differences, STEM-EDX analysis revealed that polyphosphate-like granules (pPLG), the formation of CdS particles, and the periplasmic space are crucial for Cd(II) sequestration. Overall, this study provides new insights regarding metal-specific adaptations of Campylobacterota to deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Ares
- Marine Biophysics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sanae Sakai
- Super-Cutting-Edge Grand and Advanced Research (SUGAR) Program, Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-STAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Toshio Sasaki
- Imaging section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shigeru Shimamura
- Super-Cutting-Edge Grand and Advanced Research (SUGAR) Program, Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-STAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mitarai
- Marine Biophysics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takuro Nunoura
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
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Park J, Jung H, Mannaa M, Lee SY, Lee HH, Kim N, Han G, Park DS, Lee SW, Lee SW, Seo YS. Genome-guided comparative in planta transcriptome analyses for identifying cross-species common virulence factors in bacterial phytopathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1030720. [PMID: 36466249 PMCID: PMC9709210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant bacterial disease is a complex outcome achieved through a combination of virulence factors that are activated during infection. However, the common virulence factors across diverse plant pathogens are largely uncharacterized. Here, we established a pan-genome shared across the following plant pathogens: Burkholderia glumae, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. By overlaying in planta transcriptomes onto the pan-genome, we investigated the expression profiles of common genes during infection. We found over 70% of identical patterns for genes commonly expressed by the pathogens in different plant hosts or infection sites. Co-expression patterns revealed the activation of a signal transduction cascade to recognize and respond to external changes within hosts. Using mutagenesis, we uncovered a relationship between bacterial virulence and functions highly conserved and shared in the studied genomes of the bacterial phytopathogens, including flagellar biosynthesis protein, C4-dicarboxylate ABC transporter, 2-methylisocitrate lyase, and protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (PCD). In particular, the disruption of PCD gene led to attenuated virulence in all pathogens and significantly affected phytotoxin production in B. glumae. This PCD gene was ubiquitously distributed in most plant pathogens with high homology. In conclusion, our results provide cross-species in planta models for identifying common virulence factors, which can be useful for the protection of crops against diverse pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwook Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Mohamed Mannaa
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seung Yeup Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Namgyu Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Gil Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Park
- Paddy Crop Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Department of Plant Molecular Systems Biotech & Crop Biotech Institute, KyungHee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Seon-Woo Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Aubé J, Cambon-Bonavita MA, Velo-Suárez L, Cueff-Gauchard V, Lesongeur F, Guéganton M, Durand L, Reveillaud J. A novel and dual digestive symbiosis scales up the nutrition and immune system of the holobiont Rimicaris exoculata. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:189. [PMID: 36333777 PMCID: PMC9636832 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In deep-sea hydrothermal vent areas, deprived of light, most animals rely on chemosynthetic symbionts for their nutrition. These symbionts may be located on their cuticle, inside modified organs, or in specialized cells. Nonetheless, many of these animals have an open and functional digestive tract. The vent shrimp Rimicaris exoculata is fueled mainly by its gill chamber symbionts, but also has a complete digestive system with symbionts. These are found in the shrimp foregut and midgut, but their roles remain unknown. We used genome-resolved metagenomics on separate foregut and midgut samples, taken from specimens living at three contrasted sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (TAG, Rainbow, and Snake Pit) to reveal their genetic potential. RESULTS We reconstructed and studied 20 Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs), including novel lineages of Hepatoplasmataceae and Deferribacteres, abundant in the shrimp foregut and midgut, respectively. Although the former showed streamlined reduced genomes capable of using mostly broken-down complex molecules, Deferribacteres showed the ability to degrade complex polymers, synthesize vitamins, and encode numerous flagellar and chemotaxis genes for host-symbiont sensing. Both symbionts harbor a diverse set of immune system genes favoring holobiont defense. In addition, Deferribacteres were observed to particularly colonize the bacteria-free ectoperitrophic space, in direct contact with the host, elongating but not dividing despite possessing the complete genetic machinery necessary for this. CONCLUSION Overall, these data suggest that these digestive symbionts have key communication and defense roles, which contribute to the overall fitness of the Rimicaris holobiont. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Aubé
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Marie-Anne Cambon-Bonavita
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Lourdes Velo-Suárez
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France and Centre Brestois d’Analyse du Microbiote (CBAM), Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Valérie Cueff-Gauchard
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Françoise Lesongeur
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Marion Guéganton
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Lucile Durand
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Julie Reveillaud
- Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Ecologie des Ecosystèmes marins Profonds, F-29280 Plouzané, France
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, INRAe, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Santamaría‐Hernando S, López‐Maroto Á, Galvez‐Roldán C, Munar‐Palmer M, Monteagudo‐Cascales E, Rodríguez‐Herva J, Krell T, López‐Solanilla E. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection of tomato plants is mediated by GABA and l-Pro chemoperception. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:1433-1445. [PMID: 35689388 PMCID: PMC9452764 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Foliar bacterial pathogens have to penetrate the plant tissue and access the interior of the apoplast in order to initiate the pathogenic phase. The entry process is driven by chemotaxis towards plant-derived compounds in order to locate plant openings. However, information on plant signals recognized by bacterial chemoreceptors is scarce. Here, we show that the perception of GABA and l-Pro, two abundant components of the tomato apoplast, through the PsPto-PscC chemoreceptor drives the entry of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato into the tomato apoplast. The recognition of both compounds by PsPto-PscC caused chemoattraction to both amino acids and participated in the regulation of GABA catabolism. Mutation of the PsPto-PscC chemoreceptor caused a reduced chemotactic response towards these compounds which in turn impaired entry and reduced virulence in tomato plants. Interestingly, GABA and l-Pro levels significantly increase in tomato plants upon pathogen infection and are involved in the regulation of the plant defence response. This is an example illustrating how bacteria respond to plant signals produced during the interaction as cues to access the plant apoplast and to ensure efficient infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Santamaría‐Hernando
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Álvaro López‐Maroto
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Clara Galvez‐Roldán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Martí Munar‐Palmer
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Elizabet Monteagudo‐Cascales
- Departamento de Protección AmbientalEstación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
| | - José‐Juan Rodríguez‐Herva
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología VegetalEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Tino Krell
- Departamento de Protección AmbientalEstación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
| | - Emilia López‐Solanilla
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología VegetalEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain
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Jiang C, Kasai H, Mino S, Romalde JL, Sawabe T. The pan‐genome of Splendidus clade species in the family
Vibrionaceae
: insights into evolution, adaptation, and pathogenicity. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4587-4606. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Jiang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University Hakodate Japan
| | - Hisae Kasai
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University Hakodate Japan
| | - Sayaka Mino
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University Hakodate Japan
| | - Jesús L. Romalde
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CRETUS & CIBUS‐Facultad de Biología. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Tomoo Sawabe
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University Hakodate Japan
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50
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Karpinets TV, Wu X, Solley T, El Alam MB, Sims TT, Yoshida-Court K, Lynn E, Ahmed-Kaddar M, Biegert G, Yue J, Song X, Sun H, Petrosino JF, Mezzari MP, Okhuysen P, Eifel PJ, Jhingran A, Lin LL, Schmeler KM, Ramondetta L, Ajami N, Jenq RR, Futreal A, Zhang J, Klopp AH, Colbert LE. Metagenomes of rectal swabs in larger, advanced stage cervical cancers have enhanced mucus degrading functionalities and distinct taxonomic structure. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:945. [PMID: 36050658 PMCID: PMC9438314 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiome community composition differs between cervical cancer (CC) patients and healthy controls, and increased gut diversity is associated with improved outcomes after treatment. We proposed that functions of specific microbial species adjoining the mucus layer may directly impact the biology of CC. Method Metagenomes of rectal swabs in 41 CC patients were examined by whole-genome shotgun sequencing to link taxonomic structures, molecular functions, and metabolic pathway to patient’s clinical characteristics. Results Significant association of molecular functions encoded by the metagenomes was found with initial tumor size and stage. Profiling of the molecular function abundances and their distributions identified 2 microbial communities co-existing in each metagenome but having distinct metabolism and taxonomic structures. Community A (Clostridia and Proteobacteria predominant) was characterized by high activity of pathways involved in stress response, mucus glycan degradation and utilization of degradation byproducts. This community was prevalent in patients with larger, advanced stage tumors. Conversely, community B (Bacteroidia predominant) was characterized by fast growth, active oxidative phosphorylation, and production of vitamins. This community was prevalent in patients with smaller, early-stage tumors. Conclusions In this study, enrichment of mucus degrading microbial communities in rectal metagenomes of CC patients was associated with larger, more advanced stage tumors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09997-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Karpinets
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Travis Solley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Molly B El Alam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Travis T Sims
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kyoko Yoshida-Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erica Lynn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mustapha Ahmed-Kaddar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Greyson Biegert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jingyan Yue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xingzhi Song
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huandong Sun
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph F Petrosino
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa P Mezzari
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pablo Okhuysen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia J Eifel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anuja Jhingran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lilie L Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen M Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lois Ramondetta
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nadim Ajami
- Program for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert R Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Program for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Ann H Klopp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Lauren E Colbert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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