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Martá-Ariza M, Leitner DF, Kanshin E, Suazo J, Pedrosa AG, Thierry M, Lee EB, Devinsky O, Drummond E, Fortea J, Lleó A, Ueberheide B, Wisniewski T. Comparison of the Amyloid Plaque Proteome in Down Syndrome, Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4469045. [PMID: 39070643 PMCID: PMC11275979 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4469045/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Background Down syndrome (DS) is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), attributable to APP overexpression. DS exhibits Amyloid-β (Aβ) and Tau pathology similar to early-onset AD (EOAD) and late-onset AD (LOAD). The study aimed to evaluate the Aβ plaque proteome of DS, EOAD and LOAD. Methods Using unbiased localized proteomics, we analyzed amyloid plaques and adjacent plaque-devoid tissue ('non-plaque') from post-mortem paraffin-embedded tissues in four cohorts (n = 20/group): DS (59.8 ± 4.99 y/o), EOAD (63 ± 4.07 y/o), LOAD (82.1 ± 6.37 y/o) and controls (66.4 ± 13.04). We assessed functional associations using Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and protein interaction networks. Results We identified differentially abundant Aβ plaque proteins vs. non-plaques (FDR < 5%, fold-change > 1.5) in DS (n = 132), EOAD (n = 192) and in LOAD (n = 128); there were 43 plaque-associated proteins shared between all groups. Positive correlations (p < 0.0001) were observed between plaque-associated proteins in DS and EOAD (R 2 = 0.77), DS and LOAD (R 2 = 0.73), and EOAD vs. LOAD (R 2 = 0.67). Top Biological process (BP) GO terms ( p < 0.0001) included lysosomal transport for DS, immune system regulation for EOAD, and lysosome organization for LOAD. Protein networks revealed a plaque enriched signature across all cohorts involving APP metabolism, immune response, and lysosomal functions. In DS, EOAD and LOAD non-plaque vs. control tissue, we identified 263, 269, and 301 differentially abundant proteins, including 65 altered non-plaque proteins across all cohorts. Differentially abundant non-plaque proteins in DS showed a significant ( p < 0.0001) but weaker positive correlation with EOAD (R 2 = 0.59) and LOAD (R 2 = 0.33) compared to the stronger correlation between EOAD and LOAD (R 2 = 0.79). The top BP GO term for all groups was chromatin remodeling (DS p = 0.0013, EOAD p = 5.79x10 - 9 , and LOAD p = 1.69x10 - 10 ). Additional GO terms for DS included extracellular matrix ( p = 0.0068), while EOAD and LOAD were associated with protein-DNA complexes and gene expression regulation ( p < 0.0001). Conclusions We found strong similarities among the Aβ plaque proteomes in individuals with DS, EOAD and LOAD, and a robust association between the plaque proteomes and lysosomal and immune-related pathways. Further, non-plaque proteomes highlighted altered pathways related to chromatin structure and extracellular matrix (ECM), the latter particularly associated with DS. We identified novel Aβ plaque proteins, which may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Longobardi A, Bellini S, Nicsanu R, Pilotto A, Geviti A, Facconi A, Tolassi C, Libri I, Saraceno C, Fostinelli S, Borroni B, Padovani A, Binetti G, Ghidoni R. Unveiling New Genetic Variants Associated with Age at Onset in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Due to C9orf72 Repeat Expansions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7457. [PMID: 39000564 PMCID: PMC11242823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) represent the most common forms of neurodegenerative dementias with a highly phenotypic variability. Herein, we investigated the role of genetic variants related to the immune system and inflammation as genetic modulators in AD and related dementias. In patients with sporadic AD/FTLD (n = 300) and GRN/C9orf72 mutation carriers (n = 80), we performed a targeted sequencing of 50 genes belonging to the immune system and inflammation, selected based on their high expression in brain regions and low tolerance to genetic variation. The linear regression analyses revealed two genetic variants: (i) the rs1049296 in the transferrin (TF) gene, shown to be significantly associated with age at onset in the sporadic AD group, anticipating the disease onset of 4 years for each SNP allele with respect to the wild-type allele, and (ii) the rs7550295 in the calsyntenin-1 (CLSTN1) gene, which was significantly associated with age at onset in the C9orf72 group, delaying the disease onset of 17 years in patients carrying the SNP allele. In conclusion, our data support the role of genetic variants in iron metabolism (TF) and in the modulation of the calcium signalling/axonal anterograde transport of vesicles (CLSTN1) as genetic modulators in AD and FTLD due to C9orf72 expansions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Longobardi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (S.B.); (R.N.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Sonia Bellini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (S.B.); (R.N.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Roland Nicsanu
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (S.B.); (R.N.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.P.); (C.T.); (I.L.); (B.B.); (A.P.)
- Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Neurobiorepository and Laboratory of Advanced Biological Markers, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Geviti
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandro Facconi
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Chiara Tolassi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.P.); (C.T.); (I.L.); (B.B.); (A.P.)
- Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Neurobiorepository and Laboratory of Advanced Biological Markers, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilenia Libri
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.P.); (C.T.); (I.L.); (B.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Claudia Saraceno
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (S.B.); (R.N.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Silvia Fostinelli
- MAC-Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.P.); (C.T.); (I.L.); (B.B.); (A.P.)
- Cognitive and Behavioural Neurology, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.P.); (C.T.); (I.L.); (B.B.); (A.P.)
- Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Neurobiorepository and Laboratory of Advanced Biological Markers, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Brain Health Center, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- MAC-Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (S.B.); (R.N.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
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Ghosh G, Neely BA, Bland AM, Whitmer ER, Field CL, Duignan PJ, Janech MG. Identification of Candidate Protein Biomarkers Associated with Domoic Acid Toxicosis in Cerebrospinal Fluid of California Sea Lions ( Zalophus californianus). J Proteome Res 2024; 23:2419-2430. [PMID: 38807289 PMCID: PMC11232103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Since 1998, California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) stranding events associated with domoic acid toxicosis (DAT) have consistently increased. Outside of direct measurement of domoic acid in bodily fluids at the time of stranding, there are no practical nonlethal clinical tests for the diagnosis of DAT that can be utilized in a rehabilitation facility. Proteomics analysis was conducted to discover candidate protein markers of DAT using cerebrospinal fluid from stranded California sea lions with acute DAT (n = 8), chronic DAT (n = 19), or without DAT (n = 13). A total of 2005 protein families were identified experiment-wide. A total of 83 proteins were significantly different in abundance across the three groups (adj. p < 0.05). MDH1, PLD3, ADAM22, YWHAG, VGF, and CLSTN1 could discriminate California sea lions with or without DAT (AuROC > 0.75). IGKV2D-28, PTRPF, KNG1, F2, and SNCB were able to discriminate acute DAT from chronic DAT (AuROC > 0.75). Proteins involved in alpha synuclein deposition were over-represented as classifiers of DAT, and many of these proteins have been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. These proteins should be considered potential markers for DAT in California sea lions and should be prioritized for future validation studies as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Ghosh
- Department of Biology, Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
| | - Benjamin A Neely
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
| | - Alison M Bland
- Department of Biology, Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
| | - Emily R Whitmer
- The Marine Mammal Center, 2000 Bunker Road, Sausalito, California 94965, United States
| | - Cara L Field
- The Marine Mammal Center, 2000 Bunker Road, Sausalito, California 94965, United States
| | - Pádraig J Duignan
- The Marine Mammal Center, 2000 Bunker Road, Sausalito, California 94965, United States
| | - Michael G Janech
- Department of Biology, Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
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Liu R, Hong W, Hou D, Huang H, Duan C. Decoding Organelle Interactions: Unveiling Molecular Mechanisms and Disease Therapies. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300288. [PMID: 38717793 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Organelles, substructures in the cytoplasm with specific morphological structures and functions, interact with each other via membrane fusion, membrane transport, and protein interactions, collectively termed organelle interaction. Organelle interaction is a complex biological process involving the interaction and regulation of several organelles, including the interaction between mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi, mitochondria-lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum-peroxisomes. This interaction enables intracellular substance transport, metabolism, and signal transmission, and is closely related to the occurrence, development, and treatment of many diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases. Herein, the mechanisms and regulation of organelle interactions are reviewed, which are critical for understanding basic principles of cell biology and disease development mechanisms. The findings will help to facilitate the development of novel strategies for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Weilong Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Dongyao Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
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Niu X, Zhang Z, Zhou Q, Wuethrich A, Lobb R, Trau M. Analysis of secreted small extracellular vesicles from activated human microglial cell lines reveals distinct pro- and anti-inflammatory proteomic profiles. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300094. [PMID: 38343172 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Microglia are a specialized population of innate immune cells located in the central nervous system. In response to physiological and pathological changes in their microenvironment, microglia can polarize into pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotypes. A dysregulation in the pro-/anti-inflammatory balance is associated with many pathophysiological changes in the brain and nervous system. Therefore, the balance between microglia pro-/anti-inflammatory polarization can be a potential biomarker for the various brain pathologies. A non-invasive method of detecting microglia polarization in patients would have promising clinical applications. Here, we perform proteomic analysis of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from microglia cells to identify sEVs biomarkers indicative of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypic changes. sEVs were isolated from microglia cell lines under different inflammatory conditions and analyzed by proteomics by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Our findings provide the potential roles of sEVs that could be related to the pathogenesis of various brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueming Niu
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Quan Zhou
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard Lobb
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Zhu M, Chen Y, Cheng L, Li X, Shen Y, Guo G, Xu X, Li H, Yang H, Liu C, He K. Calsyntenin-1 Promotes Doxorubicin-induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Rats. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:237-252. [PMID: 36350487 PMCID: PMC10959838 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Doxorubicin is an important cancer chemotherapeutic agent with severe cardiotoxic effects that eventually lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Calsyntenin-1(CLSTN1) plays a critical role in the nervous system, but its relevance in cardiovascular diseases is unknown. We investigated the significance of CLSTN1 in doxorubicin-induced DCM. METHODS CLSTN1 expression in doxorubicin-induced DCM rats and H9c2 cells was determined using western blotting. To further explore the functions of CLSTN1, a cardiac-specific CLSTN1 overexpression rat model was constructed. The rats were subjected to analysis using echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and electrocardiographic parameters. Potential downstream molecules in CLSTN1 overexpression heart tissue were investigated using proteomics and western blotting. Finally, a knockdown of CLSTN1 was constructed to investigate the rescue function on doxorubicin-induced cell toxicity. RESULTS CLSTN1 protein expression increased drastically in doxorubicin-induced DCM rats and H9c2 cells. Under doxorubicin treatment, CLSTN1 protein-specific overexpression in the heart muscle promoted cardiac chamber enlargement and heart failure, while the knockdown of CLSTN1 reduced doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte toxicity in vitro. At the mechanistic level, overexpression of CLSTN1 downregulated SERCA2 expression and increased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K-Akt and CaMK2. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that CLSTN1 promotes the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced DCM. CLSTN1 could be a therapeutic target to prevent the development of doxorubicin-induced DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiang Zhu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical Big Data Research Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yibing Chen
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Liting Cheng
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical Big Data Research Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yanying Shen
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ge Guo
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hanlu Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Kunlun He
- Medical Big Data Research Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Cai J, Xiong W, Wang X, Tan H. Genetic architecture of hippocampus subfields volumes in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14110. [PMID: 36756718 PMCID: PMC10915996 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus is a heterogeneous structure, comprising histologically and functionally distinguishable hippocampal subfields. The volume reductions in hippocampal subfields have been demonstrated to be linked with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of our study is to investigate the hippocampal subfields' genetic architecture based on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data set. METHODS After preprocessing the downloaded genetic variants and imaging data from the ADNI database, a co-sparse reduced rank regression model was applied to analyze the genetic architecture of hippocampal subfields volumes. Homology modeling, docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and Co-IP experiments for protein-protein interactions were used to verify the function of target protein on hippocampal subfields successively. After that, the association analysis between the candidated genes on the hippocampal subfields volume and clinical scales were performed. RESULTS The results of the association analysis revealed five unique genetic variants (e.g., ubiquitin-specific protease 10 [USP10]) changed in nine hippocampal subfields (e.g., the granule cell and molecular layer of the dentate gyrus [GC-ML-DG]). Among five genetic variants, USP10 had the strongest interaction effect with BACE1, which affected hippocampal subfields verified by MD and Co-IP experiments. The results of association analysis between the candidated genes on the hippocampal subfields volume and clinical scales showed that candidated genes influenced the volume and function of hippocampal subfields. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that hippocampal subfields have partly distinct genetic architecture and may improve the sensitivity of the detection of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Cai
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | | | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Statistics and Finance, School of ManagementUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Haizhu Tan
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
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Markovinovic A, Martín-Guerrero SM, Mórotz GM, Salam S, Gomez-Suaga P, Paillusson S, Greig J, Lee Y, Mitchell JC, Noble W, Miller CCJ. Stimulating VAPB-PTPIP51 ER-mitochondria tethering corrects FTD/ALS mutant TDP43 linked Ca 2+ and synaptic defects. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38395965 PMCID: PMC10885568 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are clinically linked major neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP43) accumulations are hallmark pathologies of FTD/ALS and mutations in the gene encoding TDP43 cause familial FTD/ALS. There are no cures for FTD/ALS. FTD/ALS display damage to a broad range of physiological functions, many of which are regulated by signaling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. This signaling is mediated by the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethering proteins that serve to recruit regions of ER to the mitochondrial surface so as to facilitate inter-organelle communications. Several studies have now shown that disrupted ER-mitochondria signaling including breaking of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers are features of FTD/ALS and that for TDP43 and other familial genetic FTD/ALS insults, this involves activation of glycogen kinase-3β (GSK3β). Such findings have prompted suggestions that correcting damage to ER-mitochondria signaling and the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction may be broadly therapeutic. Here we provide evidence to support this notion. We show that overexpression of VAPB or PTPIP51 to enhance ER-mitochondria signaling corrects mutant TDP43 induced damage to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor delivery of Ca2+ to mitochondria which is a primary function of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers, and to synaptic function. Moreover, we show that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), an FDA approved drug linked to FTD/ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases therapy and whose precise therapeutic target is unclear, corrects TDP43 linked damage to the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction. We also show that this effect involves inhibition of TDP43 mediated activation of GSK3β. Thus, correcting damage to the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers may have therapeutic value for FTD/ALS and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Markovinovic
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK.
| | - Sandra M Martín-Guerrero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Gábor M Mórotz
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Shaakir Salam
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Patricia Gomez-Suaga
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Sebastien Paillusson
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Jenny Greig
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Younbok Lee
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline C Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Christopher C J Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK.
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Mirian C, Thastrup M, Mathiasen R, Schmiegelow K, Olsen JV, Østergaard O. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric central nervous system malignancies: a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual patient data. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:14. [PMID: 38350915 PMCID: PMC10863112 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome could offer important insights into central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. To advance proteomic research in pediatric CNS cancer, the current study aims to (1) evaluate past mass spectrometry-based workflows and (2) synthesize previous CSF proteomic data, focusing on both qualitative summaries and quantitative re-analysis. MAIN: In our analysis of 11 studies investigating the CSF proteome in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or primary brain tumors, we observed significant methodological variability. This variability negatively affects comparative analysis of the included studies, as per GRADE criteria for quality of evidence. The qualitative summaries covered 161 patients and 134 non-tumor controls, while the application of validation cohort varied among the studies. The quantitative re-analysis comprised 15 B-ALL vs 6 "healthy" controls and 15 medulloblastoma patients vs 22 non-tumor controls. Certain CSF proteins were identified as potential indicators of specific malignancies or stages of neurotoxicity during chemotherapy, yet definitive conclusions were impeded by inconsistent data. There were no proteins with statistically significant differences when comparing cases versus controls that were corroborated across studies where quantitative reanalysis was feasible. From a gene ontology enrichment, we observed that age disparities between unmatched case and controls may mislead to protein correlations more indicative of age-related CNS developmental stages rather than neuro-oncological disease. Despite efforts to batch correct (HarmonizR) and impute missing values, merging of dataset proved unfeasible and thereby limited meaningful data integration across different studies. CONCLUSION Infrequent publications on rare pediatric cancer entities, which often involve small sample sizes, are inherently prone to result in heterogeneous studies-particularly when conducted within a rapidly evolving field like proteomics. As a result, obtaining clear evidence, such as CSF proteome biomarkers for CNS dissemination or early-stage neurotoxicity, is currently impractical. Our general recommendations comprise the need for standardized methodologies, collaborative efforts, and improved data sharing in pediatric CNS malignancy research. We specifically emphasize the possible importance of considering natural age-related variations in CSF due to different CNS development stages when matching cases and controls in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mirian
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Maria Thastrup
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Mathiasen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Velgaard Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Østergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Saleh O, Albakri K, Altiti A, Abutair I, Shalan S, Mohd OB, Negida A, Mushtaq G, Kamal MA. The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Alzheimer's Disease: Pathogenesis, Novel Biomarkers, and Potential Therapeutic Targets. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:731-745. [PMID: 37211844 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230519113201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) are regulatory RNA transcripts that have recently been associated with the onset of many neurodegenerative illnesses, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several IncRNAs have been found to be associated with AD pathophysiology, each with a distinct mechanism. In this review, we focused on the role of IncRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD and their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Searching for relevant articles was done using the PubMed and Cochrane library databases. Studies had to be published in full text in English in order to be considered. Some IncRNAs were found to be upregulated, while others were downregulated. Dysregulation of IncRNAs expression may contribute to AD pathogenesis. Their effects manifest as the synthesis of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques increases, thereby altering neuronal plasticity, inducing inflammation, and promoting apoptosis. Despite the need for more investigations, IncRNAs could potentially increase the sensitivity of early detection of AD. Until now, there has been no effective treatment for AD. Hence, InRNAs are promising molecules and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Although several dysregulated AD-associated lncRNAs have been discovered, the functional characterization of most lncRNAs is still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Othman Saleh
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Khaled Albakri
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Iser Abutair
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Suhaib Shalan
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Ahmed Negida
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Gohar Mushtaq
- Center for Scientific Research, Faculty of Medicine, Idlib University, Idlib, Syria
| | - Mohammad A Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia 1216, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
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11
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Shiraki Y, Mitsuma M, Takada R, Hata S, Kitamura A, Takada S, Kinjo M, Taru H, Müller UC, Yamamoto T, Sobu Y, Suzuki T. Axonal transport of Frizzled5 by Alcadein α-containing vesicles is associated with kinesin-1. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar110. [PMID: 37585286 PMCID: PMC10559311 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-10-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcadein α (Alcα) and amyloid-β protein precursor (APP) are cargo receptors that associate vesicles with kinesin-1. These vesicles, which contain either Alcα or APP, transport various proteins/cargo molecules into axon nerve terminals. Here, we analyzed immune-isolated Alcα- and APP-containing vesicles of adult mouse brains with LC-MS/MS and identified proteins present in vesicles that contained either Alcα or APP. Among these proteins, Frizzled-5 (Fzd5), a Wnt receptor, was detected mainly in Alcα vesicles. Although colocalization ratios of Fzd5 with Alcα are low in the neurites of differentiating neurons by a low expression of Fzd5 in embryonic brains, the suppression of Alcα expression decreased the localization of Fzd5 in neurites of primary cultured neurons. Furthermore, Fzd5-EGFP expressed in primary cultured neurons was preferentially transported in axons with the transport velocities of Alcα vesicles. In synaptosomal fractions of adult-mice brains that express higher levels of Fzd5, the amount of Fzd5 and the phosphorylation level of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II were reduced in the Alcα-deficient mice. These results suggest that reduced transport of Fzd5 by Alcα-containing vesicles associated with kinesin-1 in axon terminals may impair the response to Wnt ligands in the noncanonical Ca2+-dependent signal transduction pathway at nerve terminals of mature neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuha Shiraki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Monet Mitsuma
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Takada
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Saori Hata
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akira Kitamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004 Japan
| | - Shinji Takada
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Masataka Kinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hidenori Taru
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ulrike C. Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sobu
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Laboratory of Neuronal Regeneration, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Advanced Prevention and Research Laboratory for Dementia, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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12
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Stein-O’Brien GL, Palaganas R, Meyer EM, Redding-Ochoa J, Pletnikova O, Guo H, Bell WR, Troncoso JC, Huganir RL, Morris M. Transcriptional Signatures of Hippocampal Tau Pathology in Primary Age-Related Tauopathy and Alzheimer's Disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.12.23295440. [PMID: 37745408 PMCID: PMC10516095 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.23295440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Tau pathology is common in age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Tau pathology in primary age-related tauopathy (PART) and in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a similar biochemical structure and anatomic distribution, which is distinct from tau pathology in other diseases. However, the molecular changes associated with intraneuronal tau pathology in PART and AD, and whether these changes are similar in the two diseases, is largely unexplored. Methods Using GeoMx spatial transcriptomics, mRNA was quantified in CA1 pyramidal neurons with tau pathology and adjacent neurons without tau pathology in 6 cases of PART and 6 cases of AD, and compared to 4 control cases without pathology. Transcriptional changes were analyzed for differential gene expression and for coordinated patterns of gene expression associated with both disease state and intraneuronal tau pathology. Results Synaptic gene changes and two novel gene expression signatures associated with intraneuronal tau were identified in PART and AD. Overall, gene expression changes associated with intraneuronal tau pathology were similar in PART and AD. Synaptic gene expression was decreased overall in neurons in AD and PART compared to control cases. However, this decrease was largely driven by neurons lacking tau pathology. Synaptic gene expression was increased in tau-positive neurons compared to tau-negative neurons in disease. Two novel gene expression signatures associated with intraneuronal tau were identified by examining coordinated patterns of gene expression. Genes in the up-regulated expression pattern were enriched in calcium regulation and synaptic function pathways, specifically in synaptic exocytosis. These synaptic gene changes and intraneuronal tau expression signatures were confirmed in a published transcriptional dataset of cortical neurons with tau pathology in AD. Conclusions PART and AD show similar transcriptional changes associated with intraneuronal tau pathology in CA1 pyramidal neurons, raising the possibility of a mechanistic relationship between the tau pathology in the two diseases. Intraneuronal tau pathology was also associated with increased expression of genes associated with synaptic function and calcium regulation compared to tau-negative disease neurons. The findings highlight the power of molecular analysis stratified by pathology in neurodegenerative disease and provide novel insight into common molecular pathways associated with intraneuronal tau in PART and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve L Stein-O’Brien
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Single Cell Training and Analysis Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ryan Palaganas
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ernest M. Meyer
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Cytometry Facility, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Javier Redding-Ochoa
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Haidan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William R Bell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard L Huganir
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Meaghan Morris
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Zhang Y, Sun Y, Hu Y, Zheng S, Shao H, Lin L, Pan Y, Li C. Porphyromonas gingivalis msRNA P.G_45033 induces amyloid-β production by enhancing glycolysis and histone lactylation in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110468. [PMID: 37320870 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High expression of amyloid-β (Aβ) in periodontal tissue could contribute to exacerbating the development of both periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) as a periodontal pathogen expresses msRNAs, which can regulate gene transcription in host cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to reveal the mechanism of msRNA P.G_45033, a high copy msRNA in P. gingivalis, inducing Aβ expression in macrophages, and provide a new insight to explain the development of periodontitis, and also to explain the role of periodontal infection on AD. METHODS The levels of glucose consumption, pyruvate and lactate productions in macrophages after transfection with msRNA P.G_45033 were detected. Miranda, TargetScan, and RNAhybrid databases were used to predict the target gene of msRNA P.G_45033, and GO analysis was conducted to describe the functions of the overlapping ones. RT2 glucose-metabolism PCR Array was used to verify the relationship between msRNA P.G_45033 and the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism. The levels of histone Kla were detected using western blotting. The levels of Aβ in the macrophages and the culture medium were detected by immunofluorescence and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS The levels of glucose consumption, pyruvate and lactate productions were increased after transfection of msRNA P.G_45033 in macrophages. GO analysis revealed that target genes were enriched in the metabolic process. RT2 glucose-metabolism PCR Array showed the expression of genes associated with glycolysis. The results of western blotting showed that the level of histone Kla was increased in macrophages. The results of immunofluorescence and ELISA showed that Aβ levels in macrophages and culture medium were increased after transfection. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that msRNA P.G_45033 can induce Aβ production by enhancing glycolysis and histone Kla in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuan Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shaowen Zheng
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haigang Shao
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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14
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Depp C, Sun T, Sasmita AO, Spieth L, Berghoff SA, Nazarenko T, Overhoff K, Steixner-Kumar AA, Subramanian S, Arinrad S, Ruhwedel T, Möbius W, Göbbels S, Saher G, Werner HB, Damkou A, Zampar S, Wirths O, Thalmann M, Simons M, Saito T, Saido T, Krueger-Burg D, Kawaguchi R, Willem M, Haass C, Geschwind D, Ehrenreich H, Stassart R, Nave KA. Myelin dysfunction drives amyloid-β deposition in models of Alzheimer's disease. Nature 2023; 618:349-357. [PMID: 37258678 PMCID: PMC10247380 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, increases rapidly with age, but why age constitutes the main risk factor is still poorly understood. Brain ageing affects oligodendrocytes and the structural integrity of myelin sheaths1, the latter of which is associated with secondary neuroinflammation2,3. As oligodendrocytes support axonal energy metabolism and neuronal health4-7, we hypothesized that loss of myelin integrity could be an upstream risk factor for neuronal amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, the central neuropathological hallmark of AD. Here we identify genetic pathways of myelin dysfunction and demyelinating injuries as potent drivers of amyloid deposition in mouse models of AD. Mechanistically, myelin dysfunction causes the accumulation of the Aβ-producing machinery within axonal swellings and increases the cleavage of cortical amyloid precursor protein. Suprisingly, AD mice with dysfunctional myelin lack plaque-corralling microglia despite an overall increase in their numbers. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomics of AD mouse models with myelin defects show that there is a concomitant induction of highly similar but distinct disease-associated microglia signatures specific to myelin damage and amyloid plaques, respectively. Despite successful induction, amyloid disease-associated microglia (DAM) that usually clear amyloid plaques are apparently distracted to nearby myelin damage. Our data suggest a working model whereby age-dependent structural defects of myelin promote Aβ plaque formation directly and indirectly and are therefore an upstream AD risk factor. Improving oligodendrocyte health and myelin integrity could be a promising target to delay development and slow progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Depp
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Octavian Sasmita
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena Spieth
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan A Berghoff
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Taisiia Nazarenko
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Overhoff
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Agnes A Steixner-Kumar
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Swati Subramanian
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sahab Arinrad
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Torben Ruhwedel
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Göbbels
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gesine Saher
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hauke B Werner
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alkmini Damkou
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Zampar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Wirths
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maik Thalmann
- Department of German Philology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaomi Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Dilja Krueger-Burg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Willem
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ruth Stassart
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Paul-Flechsig-Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
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15
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Fernandez Bessone I, Navarro J, Martinez E, Karmirian K, Holubiec M, Alloatti M, Goto-Silva L, Arnaiz Yepez C, Martins-de-Souza D, Minardi Nascimento J, Bruno L, Saez TM, Rehen SK, Falzone TL. DYRK1A Regulates the Bidirectional Axonal Transport of APP in Human-Derived Neurons. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6344-6358. [PMID: 35803734 PMCID: PMC9398544 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2551-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyrk1a triplication in Down's syndrome and its overexpression in Alzheimer's disease suggest a role for increased DYRK1A activity in the abnormal metabolism of APP. Transport defects are early phenotypes in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, which lead to APP processing impairments. However, whether DYRK1A regulates the intracellular transport and delivery of APP in human neurons remains unknown. From a proteomic dataset of human cerebral organoids treated with harmine, a DYRK1A inhibitor, we found expression changes in protein clusters associated with the control of microtubule-based transport and in close interaction with the APP vesicle. Live imaging of APP axonal transport in human-derived neurons treated with harmine or overexpressing a dominant negative DYRK1A revealed a reduction in APP vesicle density and enhanced the stochastic behavior of retrograde vesicle transport. Moreover, harmine increased the fraction of slow segmental velocities and changed speed transitions supporting a DYRK1A-mediated effect in the exchange of active motor configuration. Contrarily, the overexpression of DYRK1A in human polarized neurons increased the axonal density of APP vesicles and enhanced the processivity of retrograde APP. In addition, increased DYRK1A activity induced faster retrograde segmental velocities together with significant changes in slow to fast anterograde and retrograde speed transitions, suggesting the facilitation of the active motor configuration. Our results highlight DYRK1A as a modulator of the axonal transport machinery driving APP intracellular distribution in neurons, and stress DYRK1A inhibition as a putative therapeutic intervention to restore APP axonal transport in Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Axonal transport defects are early events in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying transport defects remain elusive. Dyrk1a kinase is triplicated in Down's syndrome and overexpressed in Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that DYRK1A dysfunction affects molecular pathways leading to early-onset neurodegeneration. Here, we show by live imaging of human-derived neurons that DYRK1A activity differentially regulates the intracellular trafficking of APP. Further, single-particle analysis revealed DYRK1A as a modulator of axonal transport and the configuration of active motors within the APP vesicle. Our work highlights DYRK1A as a regulator of APP axonal transport and metabolism, supporting DYRK1A inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to restore intracellular dynamics in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Fernandez Bessone
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Jordi Navarro
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Emanuel Martinez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Karina Karmirian
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, RJ, 22281-100
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, RJ, 21941-902
| | - Mariana Holubiec
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Matias Alloatti
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Livia Goto-Silva
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, RJ, 22281-100
| | - Cayetana Arnaiz Yepez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, RJ, 22281-100
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, University of Campinas Campinas, Brasil, SP, 13083-970
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores Em Neuropsiquiatria, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, Brasil, SP, 13083-970
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brasil, SP, 13083-970
| | | | - Luciana Bruno
- Instituto de Cálculo, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina C1428EGA
| | - Trinidad M Saez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
| | - Stevens K Rehen
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, RJ, 22281-100
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, RJ, 21941-902
| | - Tomás L Falzone
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1121ABG
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina C1425FQD
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Kumari D, Ray K. Phosphoregulation of Kinesins Involved in Long-Range Intracellular Transport. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:873164. [PMID: 35721476 PMCID: PMC9203973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.873164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesins, the microtubule-dependent mechanochemical enzymes, power a variety of intracellular movements. Regulation of Kinesin activity and Kinesin-Cargo interactions determine the direction, timing and flux of various intracellular transports. This review examines how phosphorylation of Kinesin subunits and adaptors influence the traffic driven by Kinesin-1, -2, and -3 family motors. Each family of Kinesins are phosphorylated by a partially overlapping set of serine/threonine kinases, and each event produces a unique outcome. For example, phosphorylation of the motor domain inhibits motility, and that of the stalk and tail domains induces cargo loading and unloading effects according to the residue and context. Also, the association of accessory subunits with cargo and adaptor proteins with the motor, respectively, is disrupted by phosphorylation. In some instances, phosphorylation by the same kinase on different Kinesins elicited opposite outcomes. We discuss how this diverse range of effects could manage the logistics of Kinesin-dependent, long-range intracellular transport.
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Kluever V, Russo B, Mandad S, Kumar NH, Alevra M, Ori A, Rizzoli SO, Urlaub H, Schneider A, Fornasiero EF. Protein lifetimes in aged brains reveal a proteostatic adaptation linking physiological aging to neurodegeneration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4437. [PMID: 35594347 PMCID: PMC9122331 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a prominent risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs); however, the molecular mechanisms rendering the aged brain particularly susceptible to neurodegeneration remain unclear. Here, we aim to determine the link between physiological aging and NDDs by exploring protein turnover using metabolic labeling and quantitative pulse-SILAC proteomics. By comparing protein lifetimes between physiologically aged and young adult mice, we found that in aged brains protein lifetimes are increased by ~20% and that aging affects distinct pathways linked to NDDs. Specifically, a set of neuroprotective proteins are longer-lived in aged brains, while some mitochondrial proteins linked to neurodegeneration are shorter-lived. Strikingly, we observed a previously unknown alteration in proteostasis that correlates to parsimonious turnover of proteins with high biosynthetic costs, revealing an overall metabolic adaptation that preludes neurodegeneration. Our findings suggest that future therapeutic paradigms, aimed at addressing these metabolic adaptations, might be able to delay NDD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Kluever
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Belisa Russo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sunit Mandad
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nisha Hemandhar Kumar
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mihai Alevra
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Silvio O. Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eugenio F. Fornasiero
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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18
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Jiang PP, Peng SS, Pankratova S, Luo P, Zhou P, Chen Y. Proteins Involved in Synaptic Plasticity Are Downregulated in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Infants With Clinical Sepsis Complicated by Neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:887212. [PMID: 35634471 PMCID: PMC9130476 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.887212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Newborn infants are prone to sepsis and related inflammation of different organs. Neuroinflammation has been associated with long-term adverse neuronal (neuropsychiatric/neurodegenerative) outcomes, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or even Alzheimer's disease. Despite a vast number of findings on sepsis-induced inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS), how neuroinflammation affects brain development remains largely elusive. In this study, neonates with clinical sepsis and screened for meningitis were included and classified by the neuroinflammation status based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters (INF vs. NOINF). CSF samples collected from clinical screening were subjected to proteomics analysis. Proteins with differential abundance were subjected to enrichment analysis to reveal affected biological pathways. INF and NOINF infants had similar demographic data and hematological and biochemical parameters in blood and CSF. The CSF proteomes were essentially different between the two groups. All 65 proteins with differential abundance showed lower abundance in the INF group and functionally covered pivotal developmental processes, including axonal and synaptic function and extracellular homeostasis. CSF proteins, PTPRZ1 and IGFBP4, were correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and ratios of immature/total neutrophils in blood. In general, a substantial change in the CSF protein profile was found under neuroinflammation, and these changes are related to systemic conditions. The results suggest that changes in CSF proteins may be involved in sepsis-affected neurodevelopment, such as disturbances in circuit formation, which has the potential to predispose neonates to long-term adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ping Jiang
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Shan Peng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ping Luo
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - You Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Bao'an Women and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: You Chen
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Liu Z, Jiang M, Liakath-Ali K, Sclip A, Ko J, Zhang RS, Südhof TC. Deletion of Calsyntenin-3, an atypical cadherin, suppresses inhibitory synapses but increases excitatory parallel-fiber synapses in cerebellum. eLife 2022; 11:e70664. [PMID: 35420982 PMCID: PMC9064300 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherins contribute to the organization of nearly all tissues, but the functions of several evolutionarily conserved cadherins, including those of calsyntenins, remain enigmatic. Puzzlingly, two distinct, non-overlapping functions for calsyntenins were proposed: As postsynaptic neurexin ligands in synapse formation, or as presynaptic kinesin adaptors in vesicular transport. Here, we show that, surprisingly, acute CRISPR-mediated deletion of calsyntenin-3 in mouse cerebellum in vivo causes a large decrease in inhibitory synapse, but a robust increase in excitatory parallel-fiber synapses in Purkinje cells. As a result, inhibitory synaptic transmission was suppressed, whereas parallel-fiber synaptic transmission was enhanced in Purkinje cells by the calsyntenin-3 deletion. No changes in the dendritic architecture of Purkinje cells or in climbing-fiber synapses were detected. Sparse selective deletion of calsyntenin-3 only in Purkinje cells recapitulated the synaptic phenotype, indicating that calsyntenin-3 acts by a cell-autonomous postsynaptic mechanism in cerebellum. Thus, by inhibiting formation of excitatory parallel-fiber synapses and promoting formation of inhibitory synapses in the same neuron, calsyntenin-3 functions as a postsynaptic adhesion molecule that regulates the excitatory/inhibitory balance in Purkinje cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Man Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Kif Liakath-Ali
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Alessandra Sclip
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and TechnologyDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Roger Shen Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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Mori K, Koebis M, Nakao K, Kobayashi S, Kiyama Y, Watanabe M, Manabe T, Iino Y, Aiba A. Loss of calsyntenin paralogs disrupts interneuron stability and mouse behavior. Mol Brain 2022; 15:23. [PMID: 35279170 PMCID: PMC8917637 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calsyntenins (CLSTNs) are important synaptic molecules whose molecular functions are not fully understood. Although mutations in calsyntenin (CLSTN) genes have been associated with psychiatric disorders in humans, their function is still unclear. One of the reasons why the function of CLSTNs in the nervous system has not been clarified is the functional redundancy among the three paralogs. Therefore, to investigate the functions of mammalian CLSTNs, we generated triple knockout (TKO) mice lacking all CLSTN paralogs and examined their behavior. The mutant mice tended to freeze in novel environments and exhibited hypersensitivity to stress. Consistent with this, glucose levels under stress were significantly higher in the mutant mice than in the wild-type controls. In particular, phenotypes such as decreased motivation, which had not been reported in single Clstn KO mice, were newly discovered. The TKO mice generated in this study represent an important mouse model for clarifying the function of CLSTN in the future.
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21
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Ding C, Wu Y, Dabas H, Hammarlund M. Activation of the CaMKII-Sarm1-ASK1-p38 MAP kinase pathway protects against axon degeneration caused by loss of mitochondria. eLife 2022; 11:73557. [PMID: 35285800 PMCID: PMC8920508 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial defects are tightly linked to axon degeneration, yet the underlying cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans, PVQ axons that lack mitochondria degenerate spontaneously with age. Using an unbiased genetic screen, we found that cell-specific activation of CaMKII/UNC-43 suppresses axon degeneration due to loss of mitochondria. Unexpectedly, CaMKII/UNC-43 activates the conserved Sarm1/TIR-1-ASK1/NSY-1-p38 MAPK pathway and eventually the transcription factor CEBP-1 to protect against degeneration. In addition, we show that disrupting a trafficking complex composed of calsyntenin/CASY-1, Mint/LIN-10, and kinesin suppresses axon degeneration. Further analysis indicates that disruption of this trafficking complex activates the CaMKII-Sarm1-MAPK pathway through L-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Our findings identify CaMKII as a pivot point between mitochondrial defects and axon degeneration, describe how it is regulated, and uncover a surprising neuroprotective role for the Sarm1-p38 MAPK pathway in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ding
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Youjun Wu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Hadas Dabas
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Marc Hammarlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
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22
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Sinsky J, Pichlerova K, Hanes J. Tau Protein Interaction Partners and Their Roles in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9207. [PMID: 34502116 PMCID: PMC8431036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau protein plays a critical role in the assembly, stabilization, and modulation of microtubules, which are important for the normal function of neurons and the brain. In diseased conditions, several pathological modifications of tau protein manifest. These changes lead to tau protein aggregation and the formation of paired helical filaments (PHF) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), which are common hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. The accumulation of PHFs and NFTs results in impairment of physiological functions, apoptosis, and neuronal loss, which is reflected as cognitive impairment, and in the late stages of the disease, leads to death. The causes of this pathological transformation of tau protein haven't been fully understood yet. In both physiological and pathological conditions, tau interacts with several proteins which maintain their proper function or can participate in their pathological modifications. Interaction partners of tau protein and associated molecular pathways can either initiate and drive the tau pathology or can act neuroprotective, by reducing pathological tau proteins or inflammation. In this review, we focus on the tau as a multifunctional protein and its known interacting partners active in regulations of different processes and the roles of these proteins in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jozef Hanes
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.S.); (K.P.)
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Lin T, Tjernberg LO, Schedin-Weiss S. Neuronal Trafficking of the Amyloid Precursor Protein-What Do We Really Know? Biomedicines 2021; 9:801. [PMID: 34356865 PMCID: PMC8301342 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, contributing to 60-80% of cases. It is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts symptomless in the first two to three decades and then propagates into a long-term, irreversible disease, resulting in the progressive loss of memory, reasoning, abstraction and language capabilities. It is a complex disease, involving a large number of entangled players, and there is no effective treatment to cure it or alter its progressive course. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the disease pathology and an early diagnosis are both necessary. AD has two significant pathological hallmarks: extracellular senile plaques composed of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, and the aggregation of Aβ, which starts in earlier stages, is usually claimed to be the primary cause of AD. Secretases that cleave Aβ precursor protein (APP) and produce neurotoxic Aβ reside in distinct organelles of the cell, and current concepts suggest that APP moves between distinct intracellular compartments. Obviously, APP transport and processing are intimately related processes that cannot be dissociated from each other, and, thus, how and where APP is transported determines its processing fate. In this review, we summarize critical mechanisms underlying neuronal APP transport, which we divide into separate parts: (1) secretory pathways and (2) endocytic and autophagic pathways. We also include two lipoprotein receptors that play essential roles in APP transport: sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats and sortilin. Moreover, we consider here some major disruptions in the neuronal transport of APP that contribute to AD physiology and pathology. Lastly, we discuss current methods and technical difficulties in the studies of APP transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars O. Tjernberg
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Sophia Schedin-Weiss
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
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Chen XQ, Das U, Park G, Mobley WC. Normal levels of KIF5 but reduced KLC1 levels in both Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome: evidence suggesting defects in anterograde transport. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:59. [PMID: 33691783 PMCID: PMC7945332 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired axonal transport may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down syndrome (DS). Axonal transport is a complex process in which specific motor proteins move cargoes to and from neuronal cell bodies and their processes. Inconsistent reports point to the changes in AD in the levels of the classical anterograde motor protein kinesin family member 5 (KIF5) and the primary neuronal KIF regulator kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1), raising the possibility that anterograde transport is compromised in AD. METHODS AND MATERIALS To address inconsistencies and determine if the shared pathologies in AD and elderly DS subjects with dementia (AD in DS; AD-DS) extend to the changes in KIF5 and KLC1, we measured the levels of all the three KIF5 family members and KLC1 in the AD and AD-DS frontal cortex and AD temporal cortex and cerebellum in samples taken with a short postmortem interval. To support future studies to explore the cell biological basis for any changes detected, we also examined the levels of these proteins in the brains of young and aged adult mice in the Dp (16)1Yey/+ (Dp16) mouse model of DS and J20 mouse model of AD. RESULTS There were no changes in comparison with controls in KIF5 family members in either the AD or AD-DS samples when normalized to either β-actin or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Interestingly, however, samples from control brains as well as from AD and AD-DS demonstrated strong positive correlations between the levels of KIF5 family members, suggesting positive co-regulated expression. Importantly, while earlier reports pointed to a negative correlation between the levels of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and KIF5A levels, we found the opposite to be true in AD-DS; this was especially striking given triplication of the APP gene, with increased APP protein levels. AD and control samples showed positive correlations between fl-hAPP and KIF5 members, but they were less consistent. In contrast to the findings for KIF5, the levels of KLC1 were downregulated in the frontal cortex of both AD and AD-DS brains; interestingly, this change was not seen in the AD temporal cortex or cerebellum. As postmortem interval has a negative effect on the levels of KLC1, but not KIF5 members, we analyzed a subset of samples with a very short postmortem interval (PMI) (≤ 6 h), a PMI that was not significantly correlated with the levels of KLC1 in either AD or AD-DS samples; we confirmed the presence of a statistically significant reduction of KLC1 in AD and AD-DS brains as compared with control brains. Studies comparing Dp16 to its euploid control recapitulated human studies in demonstrating no change in KIF5 levels and a positive correlation between the levels of KIF5 family members. J20 mice also showed normal KIF5 levels. However, unlike the AD and AD-DS frontal cortex, KLC1 levels were not reduced in the brains of Dp16 or J20 mice. CONCLUSION These data point to significant reductions in KLC1 in AD and AD-DS. In so doing, they raise the possibility of compromised KLC1-mediated axonal transport in these conditions, a posit that can now be pursued in model systems in which KLC1 expression is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qiao Chen
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Utpal Das
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Gooho Park
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - William C. Mobley
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
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25
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Huang G, Huang Z, Peng Y, Wang Y, Liu W, Xue Y, Yang W. Metabolic Processes are Potential Biological Processes Distinguishing Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy from Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Clue from Serum Proteomics. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2021; 14:1169-1184. [PMID: 34557019 PMCID: PMC8453897 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s323379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the two most common causes of heart failure. However, our understanding of the specific proteins and biological processes distinguishing DCM from ICM remains insufficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proteomics analyses were performed on serum samples from ICM (n=5), DCM (n=5), and control (n=5) groups. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses, including weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), were performed to identify the hub circulating proteins and the hub biological processes in ICM and DCM. RESULTS The analysis of differentially expressed proteins and WGCNA identified the hub circulating proteins in ICM (GAPDH, CLSTN1, VH3, CP, and ST13) and DCM (one downregulated protein, FGG; 18 upregulated proteins, including HEL-S-276, IGK, ALDOB, HIST1H2BJ, HEL-S-125m, RPLP2, EL52, NCAM1, P4HB, HEL-S-99n, HIST1H4L, HIST2H3PS2, F8, ERP70, SORD, PSMA3, PSMB6, and PSMA6). The mRNA expression of the heart specimens from GDS651 validated that ALDOB, GAPDH, RPLP2, and IGK had good abilities to distinguish DCM from ICM. In addition, GSEA results showed that cell proliferation and differentiation were the hub biological processes related to ICM, while metabolic processes and cell signaling transduction were the hub biological processes associated with DCM. CONCLUSION The present study identified five dysregulated hub circulating proteins among ICM patients and 19 dysregulated hub circulating proteins among DCM patients. Cell proliferation and differentiation were significantly enriched in ICM. Metabolic processes were strongly enhanced in DCM and may be used to distinguish DCM from ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqi Huang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunling Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuehai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weitao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzeng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wenbo Yang Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-64370045Fax +86-21-64457177 Email
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Novel use of a chemically modified siRNA for robust and sustainable in vivo gene silencing in the retina. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22343. [PMID: 33339841 PMCID: PMC7749170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79242-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite efficient and specific in vitro knockdown, more reliable and convenient methods for in vivo knockdown of target genes remain to be developed particularly for retinal research. Using commercially available and chemically modified siRNA so-called Accell siRNA, we established a novel in vivo gene silencing approach in the rat retina. siRNA designed for knockdown of the house keeping gene Gapdh or four retinal cell type-specific genes (Nefl, Pvalb, Rho and Opn1sw) was injected into the vitreous body, and their retinal mRNA levels were quantified using real-time PCR. Intravitreal injection of siRNA for Gapdh resulted in approximately 40–70% reduction in its retinal mRNA levels, which lasted throughout a 9-day study period. Furthermore, all the selected retinal specific genes were efficiently down-regulated by 60–90% following intravitreal injection, suggesting injected siRNA penetrated into major retinal cell types. These findings were consistent with uniform distribution of a fluorescence-labeled siRNA injected into the vitreous body. Interestingly, gene silencing of Grin1, a core subunit of NMDA receptor, was accompanied by significant prevention from NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell death. Thus, we provide single intravitreal injection of Accell siRNA as a versatile technique for robust and sustainable in vivo retinal gene silencing to characterize their biological functions under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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27
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Neurogranin and VILIP-1 as Molecular Indicators of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218335. [PMID: 33172069 PMCID: PMC7664397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogranin (Ng) and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) are promising candidates for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) biomarkers closely related to synaptic and neuronal degeneration. Both proteins are involved in calcium-mediated pathways. The meta-analysis was performed in random effects based on the ratio of means (RoM) with calculated pooled effect size. The diagnostic utility of these proteins was examined in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients in different stages of AD compared to control (CTRL). Ng concentration was also checked in various groups with positive (+) and negative (-) amyloid beta (Aβ). Ng highest levels of RoM were observed in the AD (n = 1894) compared to CTRL (n = 2051) group (RoM: 1.62). Similarly, the VILIP-1 highest values of RoM were detected in the AD (n = 706) compared to CTRL (n = 862) group (RoM: 1.34). Concentrations of both proteins increased in more advanced stages of AD. However, Ng seems to be an earlier biomarker for the assessment of cognitive impairment. Ng appears to be related with amyloid beta, and the highest levels of Ng in CSF was observed in the group with pathological Aβ+ status. Our meta-analysis confirms that Ng and VILIP-1 can be useful CSF biomarkers in differential diagnosis and monitoring progression of cognitive decline. Although, an additional advantage of the protein concentration Ng is the possibility of using it to predict the risk of developing cognitive impairment in normal controls with pathological levels of Aβ1-42. Analyses in larger cohorts are needed, particularly concerning Aβ status.
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Zhu M, Jia L, Li F, Jia J. Identification of KIAA0513 and Other Hub Genes Associated With Alzheimer Disease Using Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis. Front Genet 2020; 11:981. [PMID: 33005179 PMCID: PMC7483929 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and creates a significant burden on society. As a result, the investigation of hub genes for the discovery of potential therapeutic targets and candidate biomarkers is warranted. In this study, we used the ComBat method to merge three gene expression datasets of AD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). During combined analysis, we identified 850 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the temporal cortex of AD and cognitively normal (CN) samples. We performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis to build gene coexpression networks incorporating these DEGs to identify key modules and hub genes. We found one module most strongly correlated with AD onset as the key module and 19 hub genes in the key module that were down-regulated in AD brains. According to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses, DEGs were mostly enriched in synapse function, and genes in the key module were mostly related to learning and memory. We selected five little-studied genes, AP3B2, GABRD, GPR158, KIAA0513, and MAL2, to validate their expression in AD mouse model by performing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found that all of them were down-regulated in cortices of 8-month 5xFAD mice compared to those of wild-type mice. We then further investigated their correlations with β-secretase activity and Aβ42 levels in AD samples of different Braak stages. We found that all five hub genes had significant negative associations with β-secretase activity and that AP3B2 and KIAA0513 had significant negative associations with Aβ42 levels. We tested the differential expressions of the five hub genes in two AD GEO datasets from the blood and found that KIAA0513 was significantly up-regulated in patients with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD and was able to differentiate MCI and AD from CN in the two datasets. In conclusion, these five novel vulnerable genes were involved in AD progression, and KIAA0513 was a promising candidate biomarker for early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyu Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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29
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Gotoh N, Saito Y, Hata S, Saito H, Ojima D, Murayama C, Shigeta M, Abe T, Konno D, Matsuzaki F, Suzuki T, Yamamoto T. Amyloidogenic processing of amyloid β protein precursor (APP) is enhanced in the brains of alcadein α-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9650-9662. [PMID: 32467230 PMCID: PMC7363152 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very common neurodegenerative disorder, chiefly caused by increased production of neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide generated from proteolytic cleavage of β-amyloid protein precursor (APP). Except for familial AD arising from mutations in the APP and presenilin (PSEN) genes, the molecular mechanisms regulating the amyloidogenic processing of APP are largely unclear. Alcadein α/calsyntenin1 (ALCα/CLSTN1) is a neuronal type I transmembrane protein that forms a complex with APP, mediated by the neuronal adaptor protein X11-like (X11L or MINT2). Formation of the ALCα-X11L-APP tripartite complex suppresses Aβ generation in vitro, and X11L-deficient mice exhibit enhanced amyloidogenic processing of endogenous APP. However, the role of ALCα in APP metabolism in vivo remains unclear. Here, by generating ALCα-deficient mice and using immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and co-immunoprecipitation analyses, we verified the role of ALCα in the suppression of amyloidogenic processing of endogenous APP in vivo We observed that ALCα deficiency attenuates the association of X11L with APP, significantly enhances amyloidogenic β-site cleavage of APP, especially in endosomes, and increases the generation of endogenous Aβ in the brain. Furthermore, we noted amyloid plaque formation in the brains of human APP-transgenic mice in an ALCα-deficient background. These results unveil a potential role of ALCα in protecting cerebral neurons from Aβ-dependent pathogenicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Gotoh
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuhki Saito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Saori Hata
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daiki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Chiaki Murayama
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Mayo Shigeta
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daijiro Konno
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
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30
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Nakano Y, Hirooka K, Chiba Y, Ueno M, Ojima D, Hossain MR, Takahashi H, Yamamoto T, Kiuchi Y. Retinal ganglion cell loss in kinesin-1 cargo Alcadein α deficient mice. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:166. [PMID: 32127528 PMCID: PMC7054276 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) activity is relied on axonal transport conveying materials required for their survival such as neurotrophic factors. Kinesin-1 undergoes anterograde transport in axons, and Alcadein α (Alcα; also called calsyntenin-1) is a major cargo adaptor protein that can drive kinesin-1 to transport vesicles containing Alcα. The long-term effects of Alcα-deficiency on retinal morphology and survival of RGCs during postnatal development were examined in Alcα knockout mice. At 1.5, 3, 6, and 15 months postnatal, the number of retrogradely labeled RGCs was determined in flat-mounted retinas of Alcα-deficient and wild-type mice. Retinal damage was assessed histologically by determining the retinal thickness. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a Tonolab tonometer. At 1.5 months postnatal, the number of retrogradely labeled RGCs was not different between wild-type and Alcα-deficient mice. However, at 3, 6, and 15 months postnatal, the number of RGCs was significantly lower in Alcα deficient mice than those of wild-type mice (143 ± 41.1 cells/mm2 vs. 208 ± 28.4 cells/mm2, respectively, at 3 months; P < 0.01). No differences were seen in retinal thickness or IOP between the two types of mice at any postnatal age. Alcα-deficient mice showed spontaneous loss of RGCs but no elevation in IOP. These mice mimic normal-tension glaucoma and will be useful for investigating the mechanism of neurodegeneration in this disorder and for developing treatments for RGC loss that does not involve changes in IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Hirooka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Chiba
- Department of Inflammation Pathology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Inflammation Pathology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Md Razib Hossain
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroo Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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31
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Mórotz GM, Glennon EB, Greig J, Lau DHW, Bhembre N, Mattedi F, Muschalik N, Noble W, Vagnoni A, Miller CCJ. Kinesin light chain-1 serine-460 phosphorylation is altered in Alzheimer's disease and regulates axonal transport and processing of the amyloid precursor protein. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:200. [PMID: 31806024 PMCID: PMC6896704 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to axonal transport is an early pathogenic event in Alzheimer’s disease. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a key axonal transport cargo since disruption to APP transport promotes amyloidogenic processing of APP. Moreover, altered APP processing itself disrupts axonal transport. The mechanisms that regulate axonal transport of APP are therefore directly relevant to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. APP is transported anterogradely through axons on kinesin-1 motors and one route for this transport involves calsyntenin-1, a type-1 membrane spanning protein that acts as a direct ligand for kinesin-1 light chains (KLCs). Thus, loss of calsyntenin-1 disrupts APP axonal transport and promotes amyloidogenic processing of APP. Phosphorylation of KLC1 on serine-460 has been shown to reduce anterograde axonal transport of calsyntenin-1 by inhibiting the KLC1-calsyntenin-1 interaction. Here we demonstrate that in Alzheimer’s disease frontal cortex, KLC1 levels are reduced and the relative levels of KLC1 serine-460 phosphorylation are increased; these changes occur relatively early in the disease process. We also show that a KLC1 serine-460 phosphomimetic mutant inhibits axonal transport of APP in both mammalian neurons in culture and in Drosophila neurons in vivo. Finally, we demonstrate that expression of the KLC1 serine-460 phosphomimetic mutant promotes amyloidogenic processing of APP. Together, these results suggest that increased KLC1 serine-460 phosphorylation contributes to Alzheimer’s disease.
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32
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Bencze J, Szarka M, Bencs V, Szabó RN, Smajda M, Aarsland D, Hortobágyi T. Neuropathological characterization of Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) in Alzheimer's disease and neocortical Lewy body disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17222. [PMID: 31748522 PMCID: PMC6868282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53638-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neocortical Lewy body disease (LBD) are the most common neurodegenerative dementias, with no available curative treatment. Elucidating pathomechanism and identifying novel therapeutic targets are of paramount importance. Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) is involved in several physiological and pathological cellular processes. Herewith a neuropathological characterization is presented in AD and neocortical LBD samples using chromogenic and fluorescent LMTK2 immunohistochemistry on post-mortem brain tissues and compared them to age-matched controls (CNTs). LMTK2 immunopositivity was limited to the neuronal cytoplasm. Neurons, including tau-positive tangle-bearing ones, showed decreased chromogenic and immunofluorescent labelling in AD in every cortical layer compared to CNT and neocortical LBD. Digital image analysis was performed to measure the average immunopositivity of groups. Mean grey values were calculated for each group after measuring the grey scale LMTK2 signal intensity of each individual neuron. There was significant difference between the mean grey values of CNT vs. AD and neocortical LBD vs. AD. The moderate decrease in neocortical LBD suggests the effect of coexisting AD pathology. We provide neuropathological evidence on decreased neuronal LMTK2 immunolabelling in AD, with implications for pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Bencze
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Máté Szarka
- Horvath Csaba Memorial Institute of Bioanalytical Research, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Vitrolink Ltd., Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktor Bencs
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Renáta Nóra Szabó
- MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, SESAM, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, SESAM, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
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33
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Hata S, Omori C, Kimura A, Saito H, Kimura N, Gupta V, Pedrini S, Hone E, Chatterjee P, Taddei K, Kasuga K, Ikeuchi T, Waragai M, Nishimura M, Hu A, Nakaya T, Meijer L, Maeda M, Yamamoto T, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Ames D, Yamamoto K, Martins RN, Gandy S, Suzuki T. Decrease in p3-Alcβ37 and p3-Alcβ40, products of Alcadein β generated by γ-secretase cleavages, in aged monkeys and patients with Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2019; 5:740-750. [PMID: 31754625 PMCID: PMC6854065 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Neuronal p3-Alcβ peptides are generated from the precursor protein Alcadein β (Alcβ) through cleavage by α- and γ-secretases of the amyloid β (Aβ) protein precursor (APP). To reveal whether p3-Alcβ is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) contributes for the development of novel therapy and/or drug targets. Methods We developed new sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sELISA) systems to quantitate levels of p3-Alcβ in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results In monkeys, CSF p3-Alcβ decreases with age, and the aging is also accompanied by decreased brain expression of Alcβ. In humans, CSF p3-Alcβ levels decrease to a greater extent in those with AD than in age-matched controls. Subjects carrying presenilin gene mutations show a significantly lower CSF p3-Alcβ level. A cell study with an inverse modulator of γ-secretase remarkably reduces the generation of p3-Alcβ37 while increasing the production of Aβ42. Discussion Aging decreases the generation of p3-Alcβ, and further significant decrease of p3-Alcβ caused by aberrant γ-secretase activity may accelerate pathogenesis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Hata
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel.:+81-11-706-3250; Fax: +81-11-706-4991.
| | - Chiori Omori
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ayano Kimura
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kimura
- Section of Cell Biology and Pathology, Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Veer Gupta
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Edith Cowan University, Joodalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Co-operative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Steve Pedrini
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Co-operative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Co-operative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Pratishtha Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Kensaku Kasuga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaaki Waragai
- Department of Neurology, Higashi Matsudo Municipal Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishimura
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Anqi Hu
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakaya
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Masahiro Maeda
- Immuno-Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd. (IBL), Fujioka, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Neurodegeneration Division, The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris C. Rowe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old age, St. George's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Edith Cowan University, Joodalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Co-operative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sam Gandy
- Mount Sinai Center for Cognitive Health and NFL Neurological Care, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel.:+81-11-706-3250; Fax: +81-11-706-4991.
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34
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Cheng K, Chen YS, Yue CX, Zhang SM, Pei YP, Cheng GR, Liu D, Xu L, Dong HX, Zeng Y. Calsyntenin-1 Negatively Regulates ICAM5 Accumulation in Postsynaptic Membrane and Influences Dendritic Spine Maturation in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1098. [PMID: 31680833 PMCID: PMC6813673 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes intellectual disability, as well as the leading monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), in which neurons show aberrant dendritic spine structure. The reduction/absence of the functional FMRP protein, coded by the X-linked Fmr1 gene in humans, is responsible for the syndrome. Targets of FMRP, CLSTN1, and ICAM5, play critical roles in the maturation of dendritic spines, synapse formation and synaptic plasticity. However, the implication of CLSTN1 and ICAM5 in dendritic spine abnormalities and the underlying neuropathologic processes in FXS remain uninvestigated. In this study, we demonstrated that CLSTN1 co-localizes and co-transports with ICAM5 in cultured cortical neurons. Also we showed that shRNA-mediated downregulation of CLSTN1 in cultured WT neurons increases ICAM5 on the surface of synaptic membrane, subsequently affecting the maturation of dendritic spines. Whereas, normalization of CLSTN1 level in Fmr1 KO neurons reduces ICAM5 abundance and rescues impaired dendritic spine phenotypes. Most importantly, CLSTN1 protein is reduced in the postnatal medial prefrontal cortex of Fmr1 KO mice, which is correlated with increased ICAM5 levels on the surface of synapses and excessive filopodia-like spines. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CLSTN1 plays a critical role in dendritic spine formation and maturation in FXS by regulating ICAM5 redistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao-Xiong Yue
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Si-Ming Zhang
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Ping Pei
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gui-Rong Cheng
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Xu
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Xin Dong
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yan Zeng
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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35
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Chew G, Petretto E. Transcriptional Networks of Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease and Insights into Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E798. [PMID: 31614849 PMCID: PMC6826883 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the main immune cells of the central nervous system, are increasingly implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Manifold transcriptomic studies in the brain have not only highlighted microglia's role in AD pathogenesis, but also mapped crucial pathological processes and identified new therapeutic targets. An important component of many of these transcriptomic studies is the investigation of gene expression networks in AD brain, which has provided important new insights into how coordinated gene regulatory programs in microglia (and other cell types) underlie AD pathogenesis. Given the rapid technological advancements in transcriptional profiling, spanning from microarrays to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), tools used for mapping gene expression networks have evolved to keep pace with the unique features of each transcriptomic platform. In this article, we review the trajectory of transcriptomic network analyses in AD from brain to microglia, highlighting the corresponding methodological developments. Lastly, we discuss examples of how transcriptional network analysis provides new insights into AD mechanisms and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Chew
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 69857 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 69857 Singapore, Singapore.
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36
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Niacin and Selenium Attenuate Brain Injury After Cardiac Arrest in Rats by Up-Regulating DJ-1-Akt Signaling. Crit Care Med 2019; 46:e788-e796. [PMID: 29742581 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine neuroprotective effects and mechanism of the combination therapy of niacin and selenium in cardiac arrest rats. DESIGN Prospective laboratory study. SETTING University laboratory. SUBJECTS Rat cortex neurons and male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 68). INTERVENTIONS In rat cortex neurons underwent 90 minutes of oxygen-glucose deprivation and 22.5 hours of reoxygenation, effects of the combination therapy of niacin (0.9 mM) and selenium (1.5 μM) were investigated. The role of DJ-1 was determined using DJ-1 knockdown cells. In cardiac arrest rats, posttreatment effects of the combination therapy of niacin (360 mg/kg) and selenium (60 μg/kg) were evaluated. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS In oxygen-glucose deprivation and 22.5 hours of reoxygenation cells, combination therapy synergistically activated the glutathione redox cycle by a niacin-induced increase in glutathione reductase and a selenium-induced increase in glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced hydrogen peroxide level. It increased phosphorylated Akt and intranuclear Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression and attenuated neuronal injury. However, these benefits were negated by DJ-1 knockdown. In cardiac arrest rats, combination therapy increased DJ-1, phosphorylated Akt, and intranuclear nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression, suppressed caspase 3 cleavage, and attenuated histologic injury in the brain tissues. It also improved the 7-day Neurologic Deficit Scales from 71.5 (66.0-74.0) to 77.0 (74.-80.0) (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The combination therapy of clinically relevant doses of niacin and selenium attenuated brain injury and improved neurologic outcome in cardiac arrest rats. Its benefits were associated with reactive oxygen species reduction and subsequent DJ-1-Akt signaling up-regulation.
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Bioinformatics to Tackle the Biological Meaning of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 31432428 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9706-0_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a source of valuable information concerning brain disorders. The technical advances of high-throughput omics platforms to analyze body fluids can generate a huge amount of data, whose translation to biological meaning is a challenge. Several bioinformatic tools have emerged to help handling this data into systems biology comprehensively. Herein, we describe a step-by-step tutorial for CSF proteome data analysis in the set of neurodegenerative diseases using (1) ClueGO+CluePedia tool to perform cluster-based analysis envisioning the characterization of the biological processes dysregulated in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases; (2) Cytoscape to map disease-specific proteins; (3) SecretomeP to inquire the secretion pathway of CSF proteins; and (4) STRING to identify biological processes modulated by secreted CSF proteins based on protein-protein interaction analysis. This step-by-step guide might help researchers to better characterize disease pathogenesis and to identify putative disease biomarkers.
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Tang BL. Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and GABAergic Neurotransmission. Cells 2019; 8:E550. [PMID: 31174368 PMCID: PMC6627941 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the parent polypeptide from which amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, key etiological agents of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are generated by sequential proteolytic processing involving β- and γ-secretases. APP mutations underlie familial, early-onset AD, and the involvement of APP in AD pathology has been extensively studied. However, APP has important physiological roles in the mammalian brain, particularly its modulation of synaptic functions and neuronal survival. Recent works have now shown that APP could directly modulate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission in two broad ways. Firstly, APP is shown to interact with and modulate the levels and activity of the neuron-specific Potassium-Chloride (K+-Cl-) cotransporter KCC2/SLC12A5. The latter is key to the maintenance of neuronal chloride (Cl-) levels and the GABA reversal potential (EGABA), and is therefore important for postsynaptic GABAergic inhibition through the ionotropic GABAA receptors. Secondly, APP binds to the sushi domain of metabotropic GABAB receptor 1a (GABABR1a). In this regard, APP complexes and is co-transported with GABAB receptor dimers bearing GABABR1a to the axonal presynaptic plasma membrane. On the other hand, secreted (s)APP generated by secretase cleavages could act as a GABABR1a-binding ligand that modulates presynaptic vesicle release. The discovery of these novel roles and activities of APP in GABAergic neurotransmission underlies the physiological importance of APP in postnatal brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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Mórotz GM, Glennon EB, Gomez-Suaga P, Lau DHW, Robinson ED, Sedlák É, Vagnoni A, Noble W, Miller CCJ. LMTK2 binds to kinesin light chains to mediate anterograde axonal transport of cdk5/p35 and LMTK2 levels are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brains. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:73. [PMID: 31068217 PMCID: PMC6505310 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinase-5 (cdk5)/p35 is a neuronal kinase that regulates key axonal and synaptic functions but the mechanisms by which it is transported to these locations are unknown. Lemur tyrosine kinase-2 (LMTK2) is a binding partner for p35 and here we show that LMTK2 also interacts with kinesin-1 light chains (KLC1/2). Binding to KLC1/2 involves a C-terminal tryptophan/aspartate (WD) motif in LMTK2 and the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains in KLC1/2, and this interaction facilitates axonal transport of LMTK2. Thus, siRNA loss of KLC1 or mutation of the WD motif disrupts axonal transport of LMTK2. We also show that LMTK2 facilitates the formation of a complex containing KLC1 and p35 and that siRNA loss of LMTK2 disrupts axonal transport of both p35 and cdk5. Finally, we show that LMTK2 levels are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brains. Damage to axonal transport and altered cdk5/p35 are pathogenic features of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, LMTK2 binds to KLC1 to direct axonal transport of p35 and its loss may contribute to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor M Mórotz
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Glennon
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Patricia Gomez-Suaga
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Dawn H W Lau
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Eleanor D Robinson
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Éva Sedlák
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Alessio Vagnoni
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Christopher C J Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane Camberwell, London, SE5 9RX, UK.
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Colás-Algora N, Millán J. How many cadherins do human endothelial cells express? Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1299-1317. [PMID: 30552441 PMCID: PMC11105309 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The vasculature is the paradigm of a compartment generated by parallel cellular barriers that aims to transport oxygen, nutrients and immune cells in complex organisms. Vascular barrier dysfunction leads to fatal acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The endothelial barrier lines the inner side of vessels and is the main regulator of vascular permeability. Cadherins comprise a superfamily of 114 calcium-dependent adhesion proteins that contain conserved cadherin motifs and form cell-cell junctions in metazoans. In mature human endothelial cells, only VE (vascular endothelial)-cadherin and N (neural)-cadherin have been investigated in detail. Although both cadherins are essential for regulating endothelial permeability, no comprehensive expression studies to identify which other family members could play a relevant role in endothelial cells has so far been performed. Here, we have reviewed gene and protein expression databases to analyze cadherin expression in mature human endothelium and found that at least 24 cadherin superfamily members are significantly expressed. Based on data obtained from other cell types, organisms and experimental models, we discuss their potential functions, many of them unrelated to the formation of endothelial cell-cell junctions. The expression of this new set of endothelial cadherins highlights the important but still poorly defined roles of planar cell polarity, the Hippo pathway and mitochondria metabolism in human vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Colás-Algora
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Conservation of the Amyloid Interactome Across Diverse Fibrillar Structures. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3863. [PMID: 30846764 PMCID: PMC6405930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several human proteins cause disease by misfolding and aggregating into amyloid fibril deposits affecting the surrounding tissues. Multiple other proteins co-associate with the diseased deposits but little is known about how this association is influenced by the nature of the amyloid aggregate and the properties of the amyloid-forming protein. In this study, we investigated the co-aggregation of plasma and cerebrospinal proteins in the presence of pre-formed amyloid fibrils. We evaluated the fibril-associated proteome across multiple amyloid fibril types that differ in their amino acid sequences, ultrastructural morphologies, and recognition by amyloid-binding dyes. The fibril types included aggregates formed by Amyloid β, α-synuclein, and FAS4 that are associated with pathological disorders, and aggregates formed by the glucagon and C-36 peptides, currently not linked to any human disease. Our results highlighted a highly similar response to the amyloid fold within the body fluid of interest. Fibrils with diverse primary sequences and ultrastructural morphologies only differed slightly in the composition of the co-aggregated proteins but were clearly distinct from less fibrillar and amorphous aggregates. The type of body fluid greatly affected the resulting amyloid interactome, underlining the role of the in vivo environment. We conclude that protein fibrils lead to a specific response in protein co-aggregation and discuss the effects hereof in the context of amyloid deposition.
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Lleó A, Núñez-Llaves R, Alcolea D, Chiva C, Balateu-Paños D, Colom-Cadena M, Gomez-Giro G, Muñoz L, Querol-Vilaseca M, Pegueroles J, Rami L, Lladó A, Molinuevo JL, Tainta M, Clarimón J, Spires-Jones T, Blesa R, Fortea J, Martínez-Lage P, Sánchez-Valle R, Sabidó E, Bayés À, Belbin O. Changes in Synaptic Proteins Precede Neurodegeneration Markers in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:546-560. [PMID: 30606734 PMCID: PMC6398205 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A biomarker of synapse loss, an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology that precedes neuronal death and symptom onset, would be a much-needed prognostic biomarker. With direct access to the brain interstitial fluid, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a potential source of synapse-derived proteins. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate novel CSF biomarkers of synapse loss in AD. Discovery: Combining shotgun proteomics of the CSF with an exhaustive search of the literature and public databases, we identified 251 synaptic proteins, from which we selected 22 for further study. Verification: Twelve proteins were discarded because of poor detection by Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM). We confirmed the specific expression of 9 of the remaining proteins (Calsynytenin-1, GluR2, GluR4, Neurexin-2A, Neurexin-3A, Neuroligin-2, Syntaxin-1B, Thy-1, Vamp-2) at the human synapse using Array Tomography microscopy and biochemical fractionation methods. Exploration: Using SRM, we monitored these 9 synaptic proteins (20 peptides) in a cohort of CSF from cognitively normal controls and subjects in the pre-clinical and clinical AD stages (n = 80). Compared with controls, peptides from 8 proteins were elevated 1.3 to 1.6-fold (p < 0.04) in prodromal AD patients. Validation: Elevated levels of a GluR4 peptide at the prodromal stage were replicated (1.3-fold, p = 0.04) in an independent cohort (n = 60). Moreover, 7 proteins were reduced at preclinical stage 1 (0.6 to 0.8-fold, p < 0.04), a finding that was replicated (0.7 to 0.8-fold, p < 0.05) for 6 proteins in a third cohort (n = 38). In a cross-cohort meta-analysis, 6 synaptic proteins (Calsyntenin-1, GluR4, Neurexin-2A, Neurexin-3A, Syntaxin-1B and Thy-1) were reduced 0.8-fold (p < 0.05) in preclinical AD, changes that precede clinical symptoms and CSF markers of neurodegeneration. Therefore, these proteins could have clinical value for assessing disease progression, especially in preclinical stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lleó
- From the ‡Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Núñez-Llaves
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- From the ‡Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Chiva
- ‖Proteomics Unit, Center for Genomics Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona
- **University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona
| | | | - Martí Colom-Cadena
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Gomez-Giro
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Muñoz
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Querol-Vilaseca
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Pegueroles
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Rami
- ‡‡Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lladó
- ‡‡Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Molinuevo
- ‡‡Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mikel Tainta
- §§Department of Neurology, Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
- ¶¶Servicio de Neurologia, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Goierri-Alto Urola, Osakidetza, Zumárraga, España
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tara Spires-Jones
- ‖‖Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Rafael Blesa
- From the ‡Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- From the ‡Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Martínez-Lage
- §§Department of Neurology, Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- ‡‡Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- ‖Proteomics Unit, Center for Genomics Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona
- **University Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona
| | - Àlex Bayés
- ***Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025, Barcelona, Spain
- ‡‡‡Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Olivia Belbin
- §Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain;
- ¶Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025Barcelona, Spain
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Nery TGM, Silva EM, Tavares R, Passetti F. The Challenge to Search for New Nervous System Disease Biomarker Candidates: the Opportunity to Use the Proteogenomics Approach. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 67:150-164. [PMID: 30554402 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, prion diseases, schizophrenia, and multiple sclerosis are the most common nervous system diseases, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current scientific literature associates these pathological conditions to abnormal expression levels of certain proteins, which in turn improved the knowledge concerning normal and affected brains. However, there is no available cure or preventive therapy for any of these disorders. Proteogenomics is a recent approach defined as the data integration of both nucleotide high-throughput sequencing and protein mass spectrometry technologies. In the last years, proteogenomics studies in distinct diseases have emerged as a strategy for the identification of uncharacterized proteoforms, which are all the different protein forms derived from a single gene. For many of these diseases, at least one protein used as biomarker presents more than one proteoform, which fosters the analysis of publicly available data focusing proteoforms. Given this context, we describe the most important biomarkers for each neurodegenerative disease and how genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics separately contributed to unveil them. Finally, we present a selection of proteogenomics studies in which the combination of nucleotide and proteome high-throughput data, from cell lines or brain tissue samples, is used to uncover proteoforms not previously described. We believe that this new approach may improve our knowledge about nervous system diseases and brain function and an opportunity to identify new biomarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Guimarães Martins Nery
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Esdras Matheus Silva
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Raphael Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabio Passetti
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Brazil.
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Carbajosa G, Malki K, Lawless N, Wang H, Ryder JW, Wozniak E, Wood K, Mein CA, Dobson RJB, Collier DA, O'Neill MJ, Hodges AK, Newhouse SJ. Loss of Trem2 in microglia leads to widespread disruption of cell coexpression networks in mouse brain. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 69:151-166. [PMID: 29906661 PMCID: PMC6075941 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rare heterozygous coding variants in the triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) gene, conferring increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease, have been identified. We examined the transcriptional consequences of the loss of Trem2 in mouse brain to better understand its role in disease using differential expression and coexpression network analysis of Trem2 knockout and wild-type mice. We generated RNA-Seq data from cortex and hippocampus sampled at 4 and 8 months. Using brain cell-type markers and ontology enrichment, we found subnetworks with cell type and/or functional identity. We primarily discovered changes in an endothelial gene-enriched subnetwork at 4 months, including a shift toward a more central role for the amyloid precursor protein gene, coupled with widespread disruption of other cell-type subnetworks, including a subnetwork with neuronal identity. We reveal an unexpected potential role of Trem2 in the homeostasis of endothelial cells that goes beyond its known functions as a microglial receptor and signaling hub, suggesting an underlying link between immune response and vascular disease in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Carbajosa
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | | | | | - Hong Wang
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Eva Wozniak
- Barts and the London Genome Centre, John Vane Science Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Kristie Wood
- Barts and the London Genome Centre, John Vane Science Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Charles A Mein
- Barts and the London Genome Centre, John Vane Science Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Richard J B Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK; Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, UCL Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Angela K Hodges
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute James Black Centre Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Newhouse
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK; Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, UCL Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
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Hohos NM, Smith AK, Kilaru V, Park HJ, Hausman DB, Bailey LB, Lewis RD, Phillips BG, Meagher RB. CD4 + and CD8 + T-Cell-Specific DNA Cytosine Methylation Differences Associated With Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1312-1321. [PMID: 29956501 PMCID: PMC6107382 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle factors associated with obesity may alter epigenome-regulated gene expression. Most studies examining epigenetic changes in obesity have analyzed DNA 5´-methylcytosine (5mC) in whole blood, representing a weighted average of several distantly related and regulated leukocyte classes. To examine leukocyte-specific differences associated with obesity, a pilot study examining 5mC in three distinct leukocyte types isolated from peripheral blood of women with normal weight and obesity was conducted. METHODS CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD16+ neutrophils were reiteratively isolated from blood, and 5mC levels were measured across >450,000 CG sites. RESULTS Nineteen CG sites were differentially methylated between women with obesity and with normal weight in CD4+ cells, 16 CG sites in CD8+ cells, and 0 CG sites in CD16+ neutrophils (q < 0.05). There were no common differentially methylated sites between the T-cell types. The amount of visceral adipose tissue was strongly associated with the methylation level of 79 CG sites in CD4+ cells, including 4 CG sites in CLSTN1's promoter, which, this study shows, may regulate its expression. CONCLUSIONS The methylomes of various leukocytes respond differently to obesity and levels of visceral adipose tissue. Highly significant differentially methylated sites in CD4+ and CD8+ cells in women with obesity that have apparent biological relevance to obesity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Hohos
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Corresponding Author: 120 Green Street, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7223
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Physciatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Varun Kilaru
- Physciatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hea Jin Park
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Dorothy B Hausman
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lynn B Bailey
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Richard D Lewis
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Bradley G Phillips
- Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Medoro A, Bartollino S, Mignogna D, Passarella D, Porcile C, Pagano A, Florio T, Nizzari M, Guerra G, Di Marco R, Intrieri M, Raimo G, Russo C. Complexity and Selectivity of γ-Secretase Cleavage on Multiple Substrates: Consequences in Alzheimer's Disease and Cancer. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:1-15. [PMID: 29103038 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The processing of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by β- and γ-secretases is a pivotal event in the genesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Besides familial mutations on the AβPP gene, or upon its overexpression, familial forms of AD are often caused by mutations or deletions in presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and 2 (PSEN2) genes: the catalytic components of the proteolytic enzyme γ-secretase (GS). The "amyloid hypothesis", modified over time, states that the aberrant processing of AβPP by GS induces the formation of specific neurotoxic soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides which, in turn, cause neurodegeneration. This theory, however, has recently evidenced significant limitations and, in particular, the following issues are debated: 1) the concept and significance of presenilin's "gain of function" versus "loss of function"; and 2) the presence of several and various GS substrates, which interact with AβPP and may influence Aβ formation. The latter consideration is suggestive: despite the increasing number of GS substrates so far identified, their reciprocal interaction with AβPP itself, even in the AD field, is significantly unexplored. On the other hand, GS is also an important pharmacological target in the cancer field; inhibitors or GS activity are investigated in clinical trials for treating different tumors. Furthermore, the function of AβPP and PSENs in brain development and in neuronal migration is well known. In this review, we focused on a specific subset of GS substrates that directly interact with AβPP and are involved in its proteolysis and signaling, by evaluating their role in neurodegeneration and in cell motility or proliferation, as a possible connection between AD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvia Bartollino
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Donatella Mignogna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Daniela Passarella
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Carola Porcile
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Aldo Pagano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS per l'Oncologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Nizzari
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Gennaro Raimo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio Russo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Bencze J, Mórotz GM, Seo W, Bencs V, Kálmán J, Miller CCJ, Hortobágyi T. Biological function of Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2): implications in neurodegeneration. Mol Brain 2018; 11:20. [PMID: 29631601 PMCID: PMC5891947 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are frequent, incurable diseases characterised by abnormal protein accumulation and progressive neuronal loss. Despite their growing prevalence, the underlying pathomechanism remains unclear. Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) is a member of a transmembrane serine/threonine-protein kinase family. Although it was described more than a decade ago, our knowledge on LMTK2’s biological functions is still insufficient. Recent evidence has suggested that LMTK2 is implicated in neurodegeneration. After reviewing the literature, we identified three LMTK2-mediated mechanisms which may contribute to neurodegenerative processes: disrupted axonal transport, tau hyperphosphorylation and enhanced apoptosis. Moreover, LMTK2 gene expression is decreased in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. According to these features, LMTK2 might be a promising therapeutic target in near future. However, further investigations are required to clarify the exact biological functions of this unique protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Bencze
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Gábor Miklós Mórotz
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Woosung Seo
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Viktor Bencs
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - János Kálmán
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christopher Charles John Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary. .,MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary. .,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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Thapliyal S, Vasudevan A, Dong Y, Bai J, Koushika SP, Babu K. The C-terminal of CASY-1/Calsyntenin regulates GABAergic synaptic transmission at the Caenorhabditis elegans neuromuscular junction. PLoS Genet 2018. [PMID: 29529030 PMCID: PMC5864096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The C. elegans ortholog of mammalian calsyntenins, CASY-1, is an evolutionarily conserved type-I transmembrane protein that is highly enriched in the nervous system. Mammalian calsyntenins are strongly expressed at inhibitory synapses, but their role in synapse development and function is still elusive. Here, we report a crucial role for CASY-1 in regulating GABAergic synaptic transmission at the C. elegans neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The shorter isoforms of CASY-1; CASY-1B and CASY-1C, express and function in GABA motor neurons where they regulate GABA neurotransmission. Using pharmacological, behavioral, electrophysiological, optogenetic and imaging approaches we establish that GABA release is compromised at the NMJ in casy-1 mutants. Further, we demonstrate that CASY-1 is required to modulate the transport of GABAergic synaptic vesicle (SV) precursors through a possible interaction with the SV motor protein, UNC-104/KIF1A. This study proposes a possible evolutionarily conserved model for the regulation of GABA synaptic functioning by calsyntenins. GABA acts as a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in both vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. Despite the potential deregulation of GABA signaling in several neurological disorders, our understanding of the genetic factors that regulate GABAergic synaptic transmission has just started to evolve. Here, we identify a role for a cell adhesion molecule, CASY-1, in regulating GABA signaling at the C. elegans NMJ. We show that the mutants in casy-1 have reduced number of GABA vesicles at the synapse resulting in less GABA release from the presynaptic GABAergic motor neurons. Further, we show that the shorter isoforms of the casy-1 gene; casy-1b and casy-1c that carry a potential kinesin-motor binding domain are responsible for maintaining GABAergic signaling at the synapse. We show a novel interaction of the CASY-1 isoforms with the C- terminal of the UNC-104/KIF1A motor protein that mediates the trafficking of GABAergic synaptic vesicle precursors to the synapse, thus maintaining normal inhibitory signaling at the NMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Thapliyal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli, Punjab, India
| | - Amruta Vasudevan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, India
| | - Yongming Dong
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109 and Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United Sttaes of America
| | - Jihong Bai
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109 and Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United Sttaes of America
| | - Sandhya P. Koushika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, India
| | - Kavita Babu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli, Punjab, India
- * E-mail: ,
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Regulation of Glutamate Signaling in the Sensorimotor Circuit by CASY-1A/Calsyntenin in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2018; 208:1553-1564. [PMID: 29475851 PMCID: PMC5887148 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.300834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Locomotion is one of the most prominent behaviors in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Neuronal circuits that ultimately produce coordinated dorso-ventral sinusoidal bends mediate this behavior. Synchronized locomotion requires an intricate balance between excitation and inhibition at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ), the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of which are not fully understood. Here, we describe the role of a cell adhesion molecule CASY-1, which functions to maintain this balance at the NMJ. In this study, we dissect out mechanisms by which the longer CASY-1A isoform could be affecting the excitatory cholinergic signaling at the NMJ by modulating the activity of sensory neurons. Mutants in casy-1 appear to have hyperactive sensory neurons, resulting in accelerated locomotion and motor circuit activity. These sensory neurons mediate increased motor activity via enhanced glutamate release. Using genetic, pharmacological, and optogenetic manipulations, we establish that CASY-1A is required to monitor the activity of these neurons. Our study illustrates a novel neuromodulatory role of CASY-1-mediated signaling in regulating the excitation-inhibition balance of the motor circuit.
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50
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Integrated microarray analysis provided a new insight of the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett 2018; 662:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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