1
|
Magro-Montañés B, Pabón-Carrasco M, Romero-Castillo R, Ponce-Blandón JA, Jiménez-Picón N. The relationship between neighborhood social capital and health from a biopsychosocial perspective: A systematic review. Public Health Nurs 2024; 41:845-861. [PMID: 38639208 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Social Determinants of Health (SDH) influence the health of people throughout their lives, and can be positive, protective or risk factors for the population and, in turn, biological, psychological, or social. The social environment conditions the health status of the neighborhood, population, and social group, which can be a health asset due to its strong psychosocial and socio-cultural influence. Social capital is a community asset of the healthy neighborhood that must be known in order to promote community health. OBJECTIVES The objective is to determine the relationship between social capital and neighborhood biopsychosocial health. METHODS A systematic review was conducted based on PRISMA: PubMed, Wos, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases. The search was conducted from January to March 2023. Three authors independently extracted data using a structured form. RESULTS Out of 527 records, 17 results passed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The positive and statistically significant relationship between neighborhood social capital (NSC) and the physical and mental health of neighbors is confirmed, that is, the higher the NSC, the more exercise, better oral health in children and physical health in pregnant women, lower tobacco consumption and lower prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus. At the psychological level, greater NSC leads to better mental health, mental well-being, life satisfaction, quality of life, self-perceived health, higher cognitive function, and less depression. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, social capital is an important SDH and health asset that influences neighborhood biopsychosocial health and should be known and researched for health promotion in community settings. More evidence is needed to support the results obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Magro-Montañés
- Hospital de Cruces, Bilbao, Spain
- Red Cross Nursing University Centre, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Pabón-Carrasco
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Department of Nursing, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Romero-Castillo
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Department of Nursing, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - José Antonio Ponce-Blandón
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Department of Nursing, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Nerea Jiménez-Picón
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Department of Nursing, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Becker J, McDermott-Levy R, Moore C, Mitsdarffer ML. Social Capital as a Framework to Address Organizational Climate Change Policy. J Gerontol Nurs 2024; 50:11-15. [PMID: 38815223 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20240502-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine state Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) in Pennsylvania for services they provide to older adults regarding extreme events and how readiness can be captured through social networks and policies at the local, state, and federal levels. METHOD Using an online survey, 79% of AAA directors answered questions describing perceptions and actions related to social capital and its influence on policy. RESULTS AAAs acknowledged weather/temperature changes impact the need to prepare for common scenarios of extreme weather, temperature, and flooding. AAAs reported major social connections with county government and one state agency, with limited connections with federal agencies. CONCLUSION Multiple opportunities exist for AAAs to consider climate change in expansion efforts, specifically regarding health care. Geriatric nurses can play a key role in expansion, advocacy, and policy development for AAAs that serve older adults in the context of climate change. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(6), 11-15.].
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsuji T, Okada E, Saito M, Kanamori S, Miyaguni Y, Hanazato M, Kondo K, Ojima T. Community-level group sports participation and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality: a 7-year longitudinal study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:44. [PMID: 38659037 PMCID: PMC11040901 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-level group sports participation is a structural aspect of social capital that can potentially impact individual health in a contextual manner. This study aimed to investigate contextual relationship between the community-level prevalence of group sports participation and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in older adults. METHODS In this 7-year longitudinal cohort study, data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey encompassing 43,088 functionally independent older adults residing in 311 communities, were used. Cause of death data were derived from the Japanese governmental agency, The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, for secondary use. "Participation" was defined as engaging in group sports for one or more days per month. To analyze the data, a two-level survival analysis was employed, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Among the participants, 5,711 (13.3%) deaths were identified, with 1,311 related to CVD and 2,349 to cancer. The average group sports participation rate was 28.3% (range, 10.0-52.7%). After adjusting for individual-level group sports participation and potential confounders, a higher community-level group sports participation rate was found to be significantly associated with a lower risk of both all-cause mortality (HR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.95) and cancer mortality (HR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.98) for every 10% point increase in the participation rate. For CVD mortality, the association became less significant in the model adjusted for all covariates (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.82-1.09). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the existence of a preventive relationship between community-level group sports participation and the occurrence of all-cause and cancer mortality among older individuals. Promoting group sports within communities holds promise as an effective population-based strategy for extending life expectancy, regardless of individual participation in these groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Tsuji
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, 112-0012, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage Ward, 263-8522, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Eisaku Okada
- Faculty of Social Policy & Administration, Hosei University, 4342, Aihara, 194-0298, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Okuda, Mihama-cho, 470-3295, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, 5-22-35 Chiyoda, Naka Ward, 460-0012, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoru Kanamori
- Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, 2-11-1 Kaga, 173-8605, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, 160-8402, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miyaguni
- Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Okuda, Mihama-cho, 470-3295, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hanazato
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage Ward, 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage Ward, 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo Ward, 431-3192, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qi Y, Reijneveld SA, Almansa J, Brouwer S, Vrooman JC. Diverging death risks: Mortality as a corollary of economic, social, cultural and person capital. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101644. [PMID: 38486801 PMCID: PMC10937154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diverging death risks are associated with a wide range of social factors, including not only education and income but also other economic and non-economic resources. The aim of this study was to assess the association of mortality risks with four types of resources: economic, social, cultural and person capital. Methods We used data of 2,952 participants from the Disparities in the Netherlands survey and annual mortality data from Statistics Netherlands for the period 2014 to 2021. Economic capital was measured through education, income, occupation, home equity, and liquid assets. Social capital was measured by the strength of social ties, the size of the core discussion network, and access to people in resourceful positions; cultural capital by lifestyle, digital skills, and mastery of English, and person capital by self-rated health, impediments to climbing stairs, self-confidence, self-image, people's appearance, and body mass index. To accommodate the fact that each capital was derived from several indicators, we used Partial Least Squares (PLS) Cox Regression. Results In multiple regression, higher economic, cultural, and person capital were associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI, 0.65 to 0.90], 0.77 [0.64-0.93] and 0.80; [0.70-0.92]), adjusted for all capital measures and sex. Conclusion The finding that more economic, cultural and person capital is associated with lower mortality provides empirical support for an approach that uses a broad spectrum of capital measures - hitherto rarely included simultaneously in epidemiological research - in order to understand diverging death risks. By integrating sociological concepts, cohort data, and epidemiological research methods, our study highlights the need for further research on the interplay between different forms of resources in shaping health inequalities. In designing public health interventions, we advocate the adoption of a multidimensional capital-based framework for tackling social disparities in mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Qi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Josué Almansa
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Brouwer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J. Cok Vrooman
- Utrecht University, Department of Sociology/ICS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Institute for Social Research|SCP, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zawisza K, Sekuła P, Gajdzica M, Tobiasz-Adamczyk B. Social capital and all-cause mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among middle-aged and older people: Prospective cohort study in Poland. Soc Sci Med 2024; 343:116573. [PMID: 38266464 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Prior to the pandemic, studies demonstrated the mainly protective role of structural social capital on all-cause mortality, less evidence had been found for a protective role for cognitive social capital. However, some findings from the early stage of the pandemic suggest that civic participation and group affiliation may be associated with more COVID-19-related deaths, as was interpersonal trust. Thus, the study aimed to verify indicators of individual social capital as risk factors for 7.6-year all-cause mortality before COVID-19 pandemic and 1.6-year all-cause mortality during of the pandemic among men and women aged 50+ years in Poland. The Polish part of the COURAGE in Europe cross-sectional baseline study was conducted in 2011. The analysis included 2913 face-to-face interviews with randomly selected community-dwelling individuals. Information about deaths was obtained from the State Systems Department on Oct 7, 2021. Various aspects of structural and cognitive social capital were measured. The Cox proportional hazard models were used. Before the pandemic, a protective effect of structural (formal and informal social participation) and cognitive social capital (trust in family, trust in co-workers) on the risk of death was observed in women. However, a negative effect of cognitive social capital (trust in strangers) was found for women and men. No positive effect of social capital during the pandemic after controlling for the health-related characteristics was found. A negative effect of generalized trust on all-cause mortality during the pandemic was discerned for men, a negative effect of the level of one's social network was found in women. The observed patterns of relationships were totally different for analyzed periods of time, and different for men and women. Consequently, planning of social interventions directed towards middle and older age groups should consider various actions for men and women separately. The need for continuous evaluation of implemented social interventions was emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zawisza
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Paulina Sekuła
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medical Sociology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michalina Gajdzica
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medical Sociology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medical Sociology, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ramasubramani P, Kar SS, Sarkar S. Association of Social Capital With Tuberculosis: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Analytical Study in South India. Cureus 2023; 15:e46660. [PMID: 37942359 PMCID: PMC10628598 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social capital denotes the relationships, networks, norms and values in the community. A high level of social capital positively improves health through a supportive social system. Illnesses affect health and social relationships. One such disease is tuberculosis (TB), known for its social stigma. India has the highest burden of morbidity and mortality due to TB. The assessment of social capital would highlight the importance of a supportive environment in reducing the disease burden and bringing better treatment outcomes. METHODS A cross-sectional exploratory analytical study was conducted in two primary health centers in Puducherry between February 2020 and March 2021. Considering the feasibility and resource constraints, we assessed the social capital between 50 newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, their age- and gender-matched 50 household contacts (HHCs) and 50 PTB patients who completed treatment a year before. The HHC was either the marital partner or sibling of the newly diagnosed PTB patients selected for comparison as their exposure to infection would be similar to those diseased but did not develop the illness. Social capital and its domains were assessed using the World Bank's social capital questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics and social capital domains were compared using a chi-squared test. Mean standardized Z-scores of the domains were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). A p-value of <0.05 is taken as significant. RESULTS Most participants from each group belonged to lower socioeconomic strata and were males (80%). The overall level of social capital was low among the newly diagnosed PTB patients, especially the group and network and trust and solidarity domains. The mean standardized Z-scores of social capital were the highest among the HHCs, followed by the treatment-completed PTB patients. There was no consistent pattern, but the trust and solidarity domain showed a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION A low level of social capital and its domains were seen among the newly diagnosed PTB patients. However, better scores among the HHCs and the treatment-completed patients infer a negative association between social capital and TB. Thus, higher social capital preserves and improves health. Therefore, caregivers and disease-cured patients can be utilized as a social support system for current diseased patients and improve their health status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Premkumar Ramasubramani
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Sonali Sarkar
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, IND
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Linde S, Egede LE. Community Social Capital and Population Health Outcomes. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2331087. [PMID: 37624595 PMCID: PMC10457711 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance While the association between economic connectedness and social mobility has now been documented, the potential linkage between community-level economic connectedness and population health outcomes remains unknown. Objective To examine the association between community social capital measures (defined as economic connectedness, social cohesion, and civic engagement) and population health outcomes (defined across prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, kidney disease, and obesity). Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included communities defined at the zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) level in all 50 US states. Data were collected from January 2021 to December 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures Multivariable regression analyses were used to examine the association between population health outcomes and social capital. Adjusted analyses controlled for area demographic variables and county fixed effects. Heterogeneities within the associations based on the racial and ethnic makeup of communities were also examined. Results In this cross-sectional study of 17 800 ZCTAs, across 50 US states, mean (SD) economic connectedness was 0.88 (0.32), indicating friendship sorting on income; the mean (SD) support ratio was 0.90 (0.10), indicating that 90% of ties were supported by a common friendship tie; and the mean (SD) volunteering rate was 0.08 (0.03), indicating that 8% of individuals within a given community were members of volunteering associations. Mean (SD) ZCTA diabetes prevalence was 10.8% (2.9); mean (SD) high blood pressure prevalence was 33.2% (6.2); mean (SD) high cholesterol prevalence was 32.7% (4.2), mean (SD) kidney disease prevalence was 3.0% (0.7), and mean (SD) obesity prevalence was 33.4% (5.6). Regression analyses found that a 1% increase in community economic connectedness was associated with significant decreases in prevalence of diabetes (-0.63%; 95% CI, -0.67% to -0.60%); hypertension (-0.31%; 95% CI, -0.33% to -0.29%); high cholesterol (-0.14%; 95% CI, -0.15% to -0.12%); kidney disease (-0.48%; 95% CI, -0.50% to -0.46%); and obesity (-0.28%; 95% CI, -0.29% to -0.27%). Second, a 1% increase in the community support ratio was associated with significant increases in prevalence of diabetes (0.21%; 95% CI, 0.16% to 0.26%); high blood pressure (0.16%; 95% CI, 0.13% to 0.19%); high cholesterol (0.16%; 95% CI, 0.13% to 0.19%); kidney disease (0.17%; 95% CI, 0.13% to 0.20%); and obesity (0.08%; 95% CI, 0.06% to 0.10%). Third, a 1% increase in the community volunteering rate was associated with significant increases in prevalence of high blood pressure (0.02%; 95% CI, 0.01% to 0.02%); high cholesterol (0.03%; 95% CI, 0.02% to 0.03%); and kidney disease (0.02%; 95% CI, 0.01% to 0.02%). Additional analyses found that the strength of these associations varied based on the majority racial and ethnic population composition of communities. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, higher economic connectedness was significantly associated with better population health outcomes; however, higher community support ratios and volunteering rates were both significantly associated with worse population health. Associations also differed by majority racial and ethnic composition of communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Linde
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Milwaukee
- Center for Advancing Population Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Leonard E. Egede
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Milwaukee
- Center for Advancing Population Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Karkada D, D'Costa VG, Acharya S. Do residential care and low social capital negatively influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults? A cross-sectional study. Gerodontology 2023; 40:39-46. [PMID: 34927278 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare oral health status, OHRQoL and social capital between dependent older adults living in a residential care setting (RC) and community dwellers living independently (CD) and to assess the possible role of social capital and residential status as independent predictors of OHRQoL in a sample of older adults in the Udupi region of Karnataka, South India. BACKGROUND As the global population ages, a greater number of older adults are now living in residential care settings than ever before. This study provides insights into the role of residential care and social capital in influencing the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 296 older adults, comprising 148 dependent older adults living in residential care (RC) and 148 community dwelling older adults living independently (CD), completed the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and a Social Capital Scale after undergoing clinical oral examination for dentition and periodontal status. RESULTS The caries experience in both the residential care group (RC) and the community dwelling group (CD) was high with mean DMF scores of 21.6 (SD = 9.6) and 20.1 (SD = 10.7) respectively. The Mean Social Capital score was significantly higher (P = .01) among the RC group (33.2, SD = 5.1) than the CD group (31.5, SD = 5.7), whereas the mean GOHAI score was significantly higher (P = .02) among the CD (61.5, SD = 6.8) than the RC group (59.5, SD = 7.9). Linear regression showed lower DMFT scores (β: -0.26, P ˂ .001), being a community dweller (β: 0.14, P = .01) and having higher social capital (β: 0.11, P = .04) were associated with better OHRQoL (higher GOHAI scores) after adjusting for possible confounders. CONCLUSION Dependent older adults living in residential care had higher social capital but poorer OHRQoL. Caries experience, residential status and social capital were independently associated with OHRQoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Karkada
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Valerie Gloria D'Costa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shashidhar Acharya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Do AD, Pham TTP, Nguyen CQ, Hoang DV, Fukunaga A, Stickley A, Yazawa A, Phan DC, Hachiya M, Jimba M, Huynh DV, Le HX, Do HT, Mizoue T, Inoue Y. Individual-level social capital is associated with depressive symptoms among middle-aged community dwellers in rural Vietnam: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064998. [PMID: 36600355 PMCID: PMC9730365 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There has been comparatively little research on the association between social capital and depressive symptoms in low- and middle-income countries. To address this deficit this study examined the association among middle-aged adults in rural Vietnam. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Data came from the baseline survey of the Khánh Hòa Cardiovascular Study, which is an ongoing prospective cohort study aiming to elucidate the determinants of cardiovascular diseases. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3000 people aged 40-60 years old residing in rural communes in Khánh Hòa province, Vietnam. EXPOSURE OF INTEREST Cognitive social capital (ie, low, middle and high) and structural social capital (in terms of social participation; yes or no) were assessed via a questionnaire. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. RESULTS A robust Poisson regression model revealed that adults in the highest versus lowest cognitive social capital tertile had a 61% lower prevalence of depressive symptoms (prevalence ratio (PR)=0.39, 95% CI=0.31 to 0.49). Individuals with higher structural social capital were also significantly less likely to experience depressive symptoms (PR=0.74, 95% CI=0.61 to 0.90). CONCLUSION In a cohort of 3000 middle-aged rural residents in Vietnam, both cognitive and structural social capital assessed at the individual level were inversely associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Dang Do
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thuy Thi Phuong Pham
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Nutrition, Pasteur Institute in Nha Trang, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Chau Que Nguyen
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Nutrition, Pasteur Institute in Nha Trang, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Dong Van Hoang
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ami Fukunaga
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Yazawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danh Cong Phan
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Nutrition, Pasteur Institute in Nha Trang, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Masahiko Hachiya
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamine Jimba
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dong Van Huynh
- Khanh Hoa Center for Diseases Control, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Huy Xuan Le
- Pasteur Institute in Nha Trang, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Hung Thai Do
- Pasteur Institute in Nha Trang, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Comparing proxy and formal measures of county-level racial isolation in race-stratified models: A case study in Tennessee, 2005-2014. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101146. [PMID: 35756544 PMCID: PMC9214855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand whether proxy measures of county-level racial isolation (based on racial compositions) would yield similar results as the formal measures of county-level racial isolation (derived from the isolation index of P*). White (non-Hispanic White) and Black (non-Hispanic Black or African American) women residing in the State of Tennessee, USA, and diagnosed with a non-invasive or invasive breast cancer were considered as the study population. Individual-level variables were obtained from the Tennessee Cancer Registry data for the period between 2005 and 2014 (46,983 White women and 7,967 Black women), and county-level variables were obtained from the American Community Survey data for the periods of 2005–2009 and 2010–2014 (95 counties). Using breast cancer condition (non-invasive versus invasive) as the binary outcome of interest, a series of multilevel logistic regression analyses was conducted separately by race. After controlling for individual-level socio-demographic characteristics, proxy measure of county-level White isolation and county-level median household income were not associated with breast cancer condition, but formal measure of county-level White isolation was associated with lower odds of having an invasive breast cancer among White women. On the other hand, neither proxy nor formal measure of county-level Black isolation was associated with breast cancer condition, but county-level median household income was associated with lower odds of having an invasive breast cancer among Black women. These results suggest that using a proxy and formal measure of racial isolation may yield different results, and race-stratified analyses would be helpful for understanding a differential effect of racial isolation on Whites and Blacks. While more detailed examinations are needed in future studies, possible explanations on and reasons behind these findings are discussed. County-level White isolation may have a protective effect on White women. County-level Black isolation may have no effect on Black women. County-level racial isolation may have differential effects on races. Measurement may matters for a study of residential segregation and health.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sugawara Y, Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Tsuji I. Association between cognitive social capital and all-cause mortality in Great East Japan Earthquake survivors: a prospective cohort study. Public Health 2022; 207:108-112. [PMID: 35617772 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive social capital (SC), such as attitude, trust, or norms, may help improve resilience among survivors, thus improving their health. However, the association between cognitive SC and the risk of all-cause mortality among survivors after the natural disaster has never been investigated. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the association between cognitive SC and the risk of all-cause mortality among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE). STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS We conducted a health survey on 1654 residents aged ≥18 years who lived in two areas affected by the GEJE. One year after the GEJE, between June and August 2012, cognitive SC (helping each other, trust, greeting, and solving problems together) was assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire. We divided the subjects into two groups based on response to questionnaire: "high" or "low." We obtained information on death and emigration from the Residential Registration Record and followed up on the participants from June 2012 to November 2020. The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used for estimating the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of all-cause mortality according to each cognitive SC indicator. RESULTS During the 8.5 years of follow-up, 213 subjects died (12.9%). For greeting, compared with subjects who were "high," subjects who were "low" were significantly associated with the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.19-7.17). No statistically significant association was observed for helping each other, trust, and solving problems together. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that perception of greeting may be associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in survivors after natural disasters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sugawara
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Y Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - I Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ikeda S, Ueda Y, Yagi A, Taniguchi M, Matsuzaki S, Takiuchi T, Miyoshi A, Arahori H, Hirai K, Kimura T. Development of information dissemination methods that contribute to improving maternal and child healthcare using social networking sites: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:480. [PMID: 35272661 PMCID: PMC8913235 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, feelings of isolation among mothers caring for small children has become a significant social issue in Japan. The purpose of this study is to develop a message to alleviate their loneliness, to evaluate the impact of social networking sites (SNS) for delivering such messages, and to propose means of more effective information transmission to promote health for mothers raising small children. METHODS Our study was conducted in two stages, first an interview and then a cross-sectional study of the mothers involving a questionnaire survey. The interview was targeted two public-health nurses caring for mothers. Based on these interviews, we developed six messages intended to alleviate the mothers' sense of loneliness, which were vetted by seven mothers. The second stage was to conduct a questionnaire survey of mothers both before and after our selected message as advertisement on Instagram and analyzed the effect. The surveys were collected during routine child health check-ups in the City of Takatsuki, Japan. RESULTS From the six draft messages created based on interviews with public health nurses, we selected the message that most relieves the feeling of loneliness of the mothers who are raising small children. The survey questionnaire was taken by 494 mothers prior to our posting of Instagram advertisements (ads), and afterwards by 419 mothers. The percentage of mothers feeling loneliness tended to decrease after reading the messages (before ads.:8.1%, after ads.:5.8%). 8.6% of the mothers (36/419) remembered seeing the Instagram ads. Mothers with financial anxiety were significantly more likely to have remembered seeing the Instagram ads (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that usefulness of SNS messaging for mothers raising small children may reduce their feeling of loneliness. Among the SNS, disseminating child-rearing information on Instagram may be more effective for people with financial instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Ikeda
- Department of Social and environmental medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Asami Yagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mariko Taniguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsuzaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takiuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ai Miyoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Arahori
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Hirai
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Watanabe JI, Kimura T, Nakamura T, Suzuki D, Takemoto T, Tamakoshi A. Associations of social capital and health at a city with high aging rate and low population density. SSM Popul Health 2022; 17:100981. [PMID: 35967471 PMCID: PMC9366956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining physical and mental health of older people is one of the important issues to be addressed in the aging society. Social capital, defined as the resources available to members of social groups, has recently attracted attention as a factor influencing public health. Most of the previous studies targeted various communities having different aging rates or population densities at once to examine the associations of social capital and health outcomes. However, the results of those studies are not always consistent. Moreover, because few studies have targeted a particular advanced aging society, associations of social capital and health at such societies have remained unknown. This study examined how social capital associates with health at a particular city having a very high aging rate and low population density. We targeted Iwamizawa city, Hokkaido, Japan, which is one of the most advanced aging areas, with an aging rate of 36.6% and a population density of 165/km2. We analyzed self-administered questionnaire data obtained from “HELLO (HEalth, Lifestyle, and LOcal community of Iwamizawa citizen) Study” in 2018. The sample comprised 1237 individuals aged 65 and older. Following previous studies, we regarded three items—social cohesion, reciprocity, and civic participation—as social capital indices, and targeted two health outcomes: self-rated health (SRH) and degree of depression. Multilevel Poisson regression analyses were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs). We found that at the individual-level, the PR (95% confidence interval) of having poor SRH among those with more civic participation was 0.81 (0.71–0.93), and that of being depressed among those with more social cohesion was 0.32 (0.21–0.51), even after adjusting for compositional factors. We also found that the community-level civic participation significantly correlated with aging rate. Our findings indicate that social capital positively associates with older people's health at the advanced aging city. Examined the relationship between social capital and health at an advanced aging city. Multilevel Poisson regression analyses were used to calculate prevalence ratios. Individuals with less social capital had poor self-rated health and were depressed. Community-level social capital had no effect on individual-level health outcomes. Community-level civic participation significantly correlated with aging rate.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lindström M. Psychosocial stress and social capital pathways and health: Perspectives from Lund University, Malmö. Scand J Public Health 2022; 50:864-872. [PMID: 35120429 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221075015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this Commentary is to outline a few steps of the process by which psychosocial stress and later social capital have been investigated as health determinants at Lund University, Malmö since the 1980s. References to the international literature and literature from Malmö from the mid-1980s and onwards will be used. RESULTS The development of research on psychosocial factors and social capital has followed international progress, with a complementary focus on social capital from the late 1990s onwards. Social participation, entailing a number of social activities, seems to be both the common connection between psychosocial stress theory and social capital and the common denominator between cohesion and structural/network approaches to social capital and health. CONCLUSIONS The impact of this research area has been considerable in Sweden. Both psychosocial factors and social capital have been acknowledged as health determinants in national Swedish health policy, although a setback may be discerned in recent years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lindström
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö and Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saadati F, Nadrian H, Hosseini Golkar M, Taghdisi MH, Gilani N, Ghassab-Abdollahi N, Fathifar Z. Indices and indicators developed to evaluate the "strengthening community action" mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion: a scoping review. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:881-893. [PMID: 35081768 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211069130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine 1) the indexes/indicators used for evaluating the "strengthening community action" mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for health promotion, and 2) to extract the characteristics and key components of the indexes/indicators using a scoping review. DATA SOURCE In May 2020, the search was conducted across three databases; Medline (via Pub Med), Embase, and Scopus. INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA All primary studies relating to development, identification, and measurement of health promotion indices/indicators associated to the "strengthening community actions" were included. The review articles were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION The data were extracted to a data-charting form that was developed by the research team. Two authors reviewed the extracted data. Data Synthesis To summarize and report the data, a descriptive numerical analysis, and a narrative descriptive synthesizing approach were used. Results In total, 93 study articles were included. A majority of studies (82%) were conducted in developed countries. Different types of recognized indices were categorized into seven groups: social cohesion (n=3), community capacity (n=1), community participation (n=7), social capital (n=6), social network (n=3), social support (n=1), and others (n=5). CONCLUSIONS Having a collection of "strengthening community action" indices/indicators in hand, health policy-makers and health promotion specialists might be able to do their best in considering, selecting, and applying the most appropriate indices/indicators while evaluating community health promotion interventions in different settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Saadati
- Dept. of Health Education and Promotion48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Haidar Nadrian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mostafa Hosseini Golkar
- Health Foresight and Innovation Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health48463Kerman University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Neda Gilani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health,48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Zahra Fathifar
- School of Management and Medical Information48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Simandan D. Social capital, population health, and the gendered statistics of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. SSM Popul Health 2021; 16:100971. [PMID: 34988279 PMCID: PMC8710984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Scholars in the field of population health need to be on the constant lookout for the danger that their tacit ideological commitments translate into systematic biases in how they interpret their empirical results. This contribution illustrates this problematic by critically interrogating a set of concepts such as tradition, trust, social capital, community, or gender, that are routinely used in population health research even though they carry a barely acknowledged political and ideological load. Alongside this wider deconstruction of loaded concepts, I engage critically but constructively with Martin Lindström et al.'s paper “Social capital, the miniaturization of community, traditionalism and mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study in southern Sweden” to evaluate the extent to which it fits with other empirical findings in the extant literature. Taking as a point of departure the intriguing finding that social capital predicts cardiovascular and all-cause mortality only for men, but not for women, I argue that future research on the nexus of social capital, health, and mortality needs to frame gender not only as a demographic and statistical variable, but also as an ontological conundrum and as an epistemological sensibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Simandan
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lindström M, Pirouzifard M, Rosvall M. Social capital, the miniaturization of community, traditionalism and mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study in southern Sweden. SSM Popul Health 2021; 16:100956. [PMID: 34815997 PMCID: PMC8591417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate associations between social capital, miniaturization of community and traditionalism and all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and other causes mortality. Study design Prospective cohort study. Methods The 2008 public health survey in Scania in the southernmost part of Sweden was conducted with a postal questionnaire posted to a stratified random sample aged 18–80. The response rate was 54.1%. The baseline survey was linked to 8.3-year prospective public death register data. Analyses were conducted with survival analyses, adjusting for relevant factors. Results Among women 37.9% had low social participation and 37.8% low trust. Among men 40.9% had low social participation and 35.7% low trust. Low social capital (low social participation/low trust) and traditionalism (low social participation/high trust) have significantly higher total and cardiovascular mortality among women and men combined and among men, but not among women in the final models. The results for women are not significant in the full models for all-cause, CVD, cancer and all other causes mortality. Miniturization of community (high social participation/low trust) displays no statistically significant associations in the adjusted models. Social participation and trust, respectively, and total mortality show consistent Schoenfeld residuals over 8.3 years. Conclusions The associations between low social capital, traditionalism and mortality are stronger for men than for women, and may be partly mediated by health-related behaviors. Combinations of cognitive (trust) and structural (social participation) social capital were analyzed. Traditionalism and low social capital are associated higher all-cause and CVD mortality among men. High social participation/low trust combination does not differ mortality from high social capital combination. It may be possible to analyze social capital using intersectional statistical aproaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lindström
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences and Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mirnabi Pirouzifard
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences and Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Rosvall
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences and Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ye X, He P. The association between the community SARS exposure and allostatic load among Chinese older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 70:352-362. [PMID: 34636028 PMCID: PMC8657524 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Previous studies have found that severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was associated with the physical and psychological stress of those infected. However, research is sparse regarding the long‐term health consequence of community SARS exposure for older adults. Methods Using data from the 2011 and 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we estimated multilevel regression models of allostatic load (AL) in the years after the SARS epidemic among 7735 respondents. Interaction terms between SARS epidemic exposure and social participation or community environment were included to examine potential effects. Results We found that community SARS exposure was associated with greater AL for those who had no social participation. Among those who were in worse community environment, community SARS exposure was strongly related to elevated load in the cardiovascular system. However, for those had social participation and lived in better community environment, community SARS exposure manifested no association with AL years later. Active social participation and better community environment could offset the negative association between SARS exposure and AL. Conclusions Taken together, these findings helped determine the positive direction of future social efforts and policy decisions to guide the global recovery from the devastating COVID‐19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping He
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nakagomi A, Shiba K, Kondo K, Kawachi I. Can social capital moderate the impact of widowhood on depressive symptoms? A fixed-effects longitudinal analysis. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1811-1820. [PMID: 32687396 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1793296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Widowhood is associated with increased risks of depression in the surviving spouse. We examined whether an increase in individual-level social capital mitigates the adverse impact of widowhood on depressive symptoms. METHODS We used data from the 2013/2016 waves of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study of functionally independent adults aged 65 years or older (men: n = 20,853; women: n =16,858). Fixed-effects regression was applied to examine the potential buffering effects of changes in social capital on changes in depressive symptoms following widowhood among married people living with their spouse and/or others at baseline. RESULTS Widowhood had a deleterious impact on depressive symptoms particularly among men who ended up living alone following their spouse's death. Fixed-effects models revealed that an increase in informal socializing and social participation might buffer the effects of spousal bereavement on depressive symptoms among men who became widowed during the first two years of follow-up and ended up living alone. DISCUSSION An increase in structural social capital may mitigate the impact of spousal bereavement on depressive symptoms. However, the associations vary by gender, living arrangement, and time since widowhood. Intensive efforts should be directed toward connecting the vulnerable group, widowed men living alone, to sources of social capital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nakagomi
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Koichiro Shiba
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Oyanedel JC, Paez D. Editorial: Social Belongingness and Well-Being: International Perspectives. Front Psychol 2021; 12:735507. [PMID: 34531803 PMCID: PMC8439251 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.735507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Oyanedel
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dario Paez
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Takahashi N, Nakao M. Social-life factors associated with participation in screening and further assessment of colorectal cancer: A nationwide ecological study in Japanese municipalities. SSM Popul Health 2021; 15:100839. [PMID: 34189242 PMCID: PMC8215283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of colorectal cancer in developed countries is high, and it is a major public health concern in Japan. Improving the quality of evidence on colorectal cancer screening participation and further assessment participation rates is important to reduce this burden. This study examined the social-life factors that influence colorectal cancer screening programs in Japan, particularly the effects of the proportion of elderly people and social capital, using a municipality-level national database and existing health reports. Data from a national municipality-based study were analyzed to identify social-life factors associated with participation in colorectal cancer screening and further assessment. Administrative data on the Japanese municipal screening programs were drawn from the Report on Regional Public Health Services and Health Promotion Services 2017. Available data used as predictors of interest for all 1719 municipalities as of 2017 were from the national census, statistical reports on the land area by prefecture and municipality, municipal financial surveys, a survey of physicians, dentists and pharmacists, and other databases. The mean rate of participation in colorectal cancer screening was 13.8%, and that of further assessment was 73.6%. Multiple linear regression analyses of the two outcomes showed that the proportion of elderly people was most significantly positively associated with colorectal cancer screening programs (β = 0.51 for participation, β = 0.13 for further assessment participation), and the proportion of single-elderly-person households was most significantly negatively associated (β = −0.45 and −0.19, respectively). It is suggested that the health behaviors required for participation in colorectal cancer programs in Japanese elderly populations are greatly affected by family members. The disease burden of colorectal cancer is increasing in developed countries. An ecological study of the colorectal cancer screening program was conducted. The proportion of elderly people was positively associated with the screening rates. The single-elderly-person households was negatively associated with the screening rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Takahashi
- Division of Screening Assessment and Management, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
| | - Mutsuhiro Nakao
- Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Hatakeda 852, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
González PA, Dussaillant F, Calvo E. Social and Individual Subjective Wellbeing and Capabilities in Chile. Front Psychol 2021; 11:628785. [PMID: 33536990 PMCID: PMC7848135 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.628785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The notion of social belongingness has been applied to different scales, from individual to social processes, and from subjective to objective dimensions. This article seeks to contribute to this multidimensional perspective on belongingness by drawing from the capabilities and subjective wellbeing perspectives. The specific aim is to analyze the relationships between capabilities-including those related to social belongingness-and individual and social subjective wellbeing. The hypotheses are: (H1-H2) There is a relationship between capabilities (measured as evaluation and functioning) and (H1) individual and (H2) social subjective wellbeing; (H3) The set of capabilities associated to individual subjective wellbeing differs from the set correlated to social subjective wellbeing; (H4) The intensity and significance of the correlation between subjective wellbeing and capabilities depends on whether the latter is measured as evaluation or functioning; and (H5) The relationships between capabilities and subjective wellbeing are complex and non-linear. Using a nationally representative survey in Chile, multiple linear (H1-H5) and dose response matching (H1-H5) regressions between capabilities and subjective wellbeing outcomes are estimated, confirming all hypotheses. Subjective evaluations and effective functionings of some capabilities ("basic needs," "social ties," "feeling recognized and respected;" "having and deploying a life project") are consistently correlated with both subjective wellbeing outcomes. Others capabilities are correlated with both subjective wellbeing outcomes only when measured as functionings (contact with nature), do not display a systematic pattern of correlation ("health," "pleasure," "participation," and "human security") or are not associated with subjective wellbeing ("self-knowledge" and "understanding the world"). When observed, correlations are sizable, non-linear, and consistent across estimation methods. Moreover, capabilities related to social belongingness such as "social ties" and "feeling recognized and respected" are important by themselves but also are positively correlated to both social and individual subjective wellbeing. These findings underscore the need of a multidimensional perspective on the relationships between capabilities and subjective wellbeing, considering both subjective and objective, as well as individual and social aspects that are relevant to belongingness. These findings also have practical and policy implications, and may inform public deliberation processes and policy decisions to develop capabilities, promote subjective wellbeing, and ultimately promote positive belongingness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. González
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Centre for Public Systems and Center for Research in Inclusive Education, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- London School of Economics and Political Sciences, International Inequalities Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Esteban Calvo
- Society and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory on Aging and Social Epidemiology, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cui GH, Li SJ, Yin YT, Chen LJ, Li JQ, Liang FY, Liu XY, Chen L. The relationship among social capital, eHealth literacy and health behaviours in Chinese elderly people: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:45. [PMID: 33407275 PMCID: PMC7789238 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social capital has been linked to health behaviours, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Previous studies have found that health literacy played the role of a mediator in the relationships among social capital, individual physical activity and nutrition. But it is not clear whether eHealth literacy mediates the impact of social capital on health behaviours. Therefore, our research aimed to explore the relationships among social capital (structural and cognitive social capital), eHealth literacy, and the health behaviours of elderly people, and to analyse the mediating effect of eHealth literacy, while providing a theoretical basis for a health behaviour intervention for elderly people. Methods From January to February 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1201 Chinese people aged over 60 years using the Chinese Shortened Social Capital Scale (contains two subscales of structural social capital and cognitive social capital), eHealth Literacy Scale, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. We used structural equation modelling to test a hypothetical mediation model. Results The mean scores of social capital was 72.07 (SD = 13.03), 17.24 (SD = 9.34) for eHealth literacy, and 112.23 (SD = 23.25) for health behaviours. Social capital and eHealth literacy were significantly correlated with health behaviours, and social capital and structural social capital were significantly correlated with eHealth literacy. Lastly, eHealth literacy mediated the relationship between structural social capital and health behaviours. Conclusions eHealth literacy was an important mediating factor for elderly people’s structural social capital and health behaviours. Therefore, social capital and eHealth literacy must be considered when designing and implementing health behaviour intervention programmes for elderly people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Cui
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Shao-Jie Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yong-Tian Yin
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Jia-Qin Li
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Feng-Yuan Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xin-Yao Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sannabe A, Aida J, Wada Y, Ichida Y, Kondo K, Kawachi I. On the Direct and Indirect Effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake on Self Rated Health through Social Connections: Mediation Analysis. JAPAN AND THE WORLD ECONOMY 2020; 56:101039. [PMID: 35814635 PMCID: PMC9262148 DOI: 10.1016/j.japwor.2020.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Great East Japan Earthquake created health hazards for many people. Using Panel Data gathered in Iwanuma city, Japan, at two points in time (in 2010 before the quake, and in 2013 after the quake), we found that the high degree of housing damage negatively affected victims' self rated health (SRH) (direct effect), and decreased the levels of their social connections, which in turn also had a harmful effect on their SRH (indirect effect). We also found that although the direct impacts of earthquakes disappear relatively quickly, the harmful indirect effects associated with a decrease in social connections are slower to dissipate. We conducted a first-difference two-step GMM estimation to consider the possible problem of endogeneity. The results support the above conclusion, and show that in the short-term, the indirect impacts of the earthquake accounted for 55% of all the impacts experienced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sannabe
- Ryutsu Keizai University, Chiba, Japan and Doctoral Institute for Evidence Based Policy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuri Wada
- Doctoral Institute for Evidence Based Policy, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Katsunori Kondo
- Chiba University, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hwang SE, Choi S, Kim K, Lee JK, Oh J, Park SM. Association between social trust and the risk of cardiovascular disease in older adults in Korea: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1844. [PMID: 33261608 PMCID: PMC7709423 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09964-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although social capital has been shown to be one of the important social determinants of health, the association between social trust and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not clear yet. We aimed to investigate the association of social trust with CVD risk using a large Korean population based data. Methods The data of this study was derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Community-level social trust was determined from the Korean Community Health Survey. The study population consisted of 2,156,829 participants. According to social trust index measured in the area of residence during 2011, participants were followed-up from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2016. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD risk according to quintiles of social trust. Results Compared to participants with the lowest quintile of social trust, those within the highest quintile had lower risk for CVD (aHR 0.91, 95% CI = 0.89 to 0.93), CHD (aHR 0.92, 95% CI = 0.89 to 0.95), and stroke (aHR 0.90, 95% CI = 0.87 to 0.93). The risk-reducing association of high social trust on CVD risk was preserved after additional adjustments for lifestyle behaviors including smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Conclusion Higher social trust was associated with reduced risk of CVD even after considering lifestyle behaviors. Social trust in a community level is an important determinant of CVD and enhancing social trust may lead to reduced risk of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Eun Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University- Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyuwoong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Healthy Society and Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhwan Oh
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Healthy Society and Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Choi S, Oh J, Park SM, Hwang SE, Lee HY, Kim K, Shobugawa Y, Kawachi I, Lee JK. Association of community level social trust and reciprocity with mortality: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1793. [PMID: 33239007 PMCID: PMC7690021 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09944-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether community level social capital is associated with mortality within an Asian population is yet unclear. METHODS The study population was derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. A total of 636,055 participants were followed-up during 2012-2013 for deaths from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and other causes. Community level social trust and reciprocity at the administrative district level were derived from the Korean Community Health Survey. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality according to levels of community level social trust and reciprocity. RESULTS Compared to participants who reside in areas within the lower half of community level social trust, those who reside in areas within the upper half had lower risk of death from all causes (aHR 0.84, 95% CI 0.78-0.89), CVD (aHR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67-0.99), and cancer (aHR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.98). Similarly, residing in areas in the upper half of community level social reciprocity was associated with reduced risk for all-cause mortality (aHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.75-0.86). The protective association of high community level social trust and reciprocity on mortality remained after additional adjustments for smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Residing in areas with high community level social trust and reciprocity may be associated with better population health status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhwan Oh
- Center for Healthy Society and Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Seo Eun Hwang
- Center for Healthy Society and Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Kyuwoong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Division of International Health, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Noguchi T, Kondo K, Saito M, Nakagawa-Senda H, Suzuki S. Community social capital and the onset of functional disability among older adults in Japan: a multilevel longitudinal study using Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) data. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029279. [PMID: 31597648 PMCID: PMC6797418 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined the association between community social capital and the onset of functional disability among older Japanese people by using validated indicators of social capital and a prospective multilevel design. DESIGN Prospective cohort study SETTING: We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, established from August 2010 to January 2012 in 323 districts. PARTICIPANTS The target population was restricted to non-institutionalised people aged 65 years or older who were independent in activities of daily living. Participants included 73 021 people (34 051 men and 38 970 women) who were followed up over a 3-year period. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE The primary outcome measure was the onset of functional disability, defined as a new registration in public long-term care insurance system records with a care-needs level of two or above, analysed with multilevel Cox proportional hazards regression models by community social capital (civic participation, social cohesion and reciprocity). RESULTS The mean age of participants was 73.3 years (SD=6.0) for men and 73.8 years (SD=6.2) for women. During the study period, the onset of functional disability occurred in 1465 (4.3%) men and 1519 (3.9%) women. Of three community social capital variables, social cohesion significantly reduced the risk of onset of functional disability (HR 0.910; 95% CI 0.830 to 0.998) among men, after adjusting for individual social and behavioural variables. There was no significant effect among women. CONCLUSIONS Living in a community with rich social cohesion is associated with a lower incidence of onset of functional disability among older Japanese men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Noguchi
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashige Saito
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Chita-gun, Japan
| | | | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hamano T, Li X, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Neighborhood linking social capital as a predictor of lung cancer: A Swedish national cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 61:23-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
29
|
Rodgers J, Valuev AV, Hswen Y, Subramanian SV. Social capital and physical health: An updated review of the literature for 2007-2018. Soc Sci Med 2019; 236:112360. [PMID: 31352315 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Social capital is frequently indicated as a determinant of population health. Despite an increase in the frequency of public health studies including such measures, our understanding of social capital's effects on health remains unclear. In 2008, a systematic review of the "first decade" of research on social capital and health was published in the textbook Social Capital and Health. Our study intends to update and expand upon this original review to account for developments in the literature over the second decade of research on social capital and health. METHODS We employed a systematic review of empirical studies investigating the relationship between measures of social capital and physical health outcomes published between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2018. To identify potential studies, we conducted searches of PubMed, Embase, and PsychINFO databases in January 2019 using combinations of "social capital" and "physical health" search terms. RESULTS We identified 1,608 unique articles and reviewed 145 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. The most frequently examined health condition was self-reported health (57%), followed by mortality (12%), cardiovascular diseases (10%), obesity (7%), diabetes (6%), infectious diseases (5%), and cancers (3%). Of these studies, 127 (88%) reported at least partial support for a protective association between social capital and health. However, only 41 (28%) reported exclusively positive findings. The majority (59%) of results were mixed, suggesting a nuanced relationship between social capital and health. This finding could also be indicative of differences in study design, which showed substantial variation. CONCLUSIONS Despite limitations in the literature, our review chronicles an evolution in the field of social capital and health in terms of size and sophistication. Overall, these studies suggest that social capital may be an important protective factor for some physical health outcomes, but further research is needed to confirm and clarify these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Rodgers
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University, 310 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Anna V Valuev
- Department of Global Health and Health Policy, Harvard University, 14 Story Street Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yulin Hswen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University, 310 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - S V Subramanian
- Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ehsan A, Klaas HS, Bastianen A, Spini D. Social capital and health: A systematic review of systematic reviews. SSM Popul Health 2019; 8:100425. [PMID: 31431915 PMCID: PMC6580321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many systematic reviews on social capital (SC) and various health outcomes, but each of these reviews shows one piece of the larger SC and health puzzle. The aim of this research was to systematically review systematic reviews on SC and health, in order to provide an overview of existing evidence and to identify strategies for future research. Nine databases were searched for key words that could fall under the broad umbrella of SC and health outcomes. We screened 4941 titles and abstracts and read 187 reviews before retaining 20 of them. A critical appraisal of each review was conducted. The reviews show there is good evidence to suggest that SC predicts better mental and physical health, and indicators of SC are protective against mortality. At the same time, many reviews also found numerous non-significant and negative relationships that are important to consider. It was unclear whether SC interventions for health were really improving SC, or other aspects of the social environment. Overall, this research shows that evidence on how various aspects of SC affect different health outcomes for different actors remains unclear. Intergroup and lifecourse perspectives could help clarify this link. Future research could benefit from conceptualizing the link between SC and health in a what, who, where, when, why and how framework. Social capital predicts better health. Other aspects of social capital should also be considered in health research. Recommendations on how to improve social capital and health research are made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annahita Ehsan
- Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, Institute for Social Sciences, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Sophie Klaas
- Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, Institute for Social Sciences, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Bastianen
- Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, Institute for Social Sciences, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dario Spini
- Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, Institute for Social Sciences, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES, University of Lausanne. Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Batiment Géopolis, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Assari S, Helmi H, Bazargan M. Health Insurance Coverage Better Protects Blacks than Whites against Incident Chronic Disease. Healthcare (Basel) 2019; 7:E40. [PMID: 30857371 PMCID: PMC6473312 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the protective effect of health insurance on population health is well established, this effect may vary based on race/ethnicity. This study had two aims: (1) to test whether having health insurance at baseline protects individuals over a 10-year period against incident chronic medical conditions (CMC) and (2) to explore the race/ethnic variation in this effect. Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) is a national longitudinal study among 25⁻75 year-old American adults. The current study included 3572 Whites and 133 Blacks who were followed for 10 years from 1995 to 2004. Race, demographic characteristics (age and gender), socioeconomic status (educational attainment and personal income), and health insurance status were measured at baseline. Number of CMC was measured in 1995 and 2005. Linear regression models were used for data analysis. In the overall sample, having health insurance at baseline was inversely associated with an increase in CMC over the follow up period, net of covariates. Blacks and Whites differed in the magnitude of the effect of health insurance on CMC incidence, with a stronger protective effect for Blacks than Whites. In the U.S., health insurance protects individuals against incident CMC; however, the health return of health insurance may depend on race/ethnicity. This finding suggests that health insurance may better protect Blacks than Whites against developing more chronic diseases. Increasing Blacks' access to health insurance may be a solution to eliminate health disparities, given they are at a relative advantage for gaining health from insurance. These findings are discussed in the context of Blacks' diminished returns of socioeconomic resources. Future attempts should test replicability of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Hamid Helmi
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Buck-McFadyen E, Akhtar-Danesh N, Isaacs S, Leipert B, Strachan P, Valaitis R. Social capital and self-rated health: A cross-sectional study of the general social survey data comparing rural and urban adults in Ontario. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2019; 27:424-436. [PMID: 30270467 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of social capital shows great promise for its potential to influence individual and population health. Yet challenges persist in defining and measuring social capital, and little is known about the mechanisms that link social capital and health. This paper reports on the quantitative phase of a sequential explanatory mixed methods study using data from Canada's 2013 General Social Survey (data collected 2013-14). An exploratory factor analysis revealed six underlying dimensions of social capital for 7,187 adults living in Ontario, Canada. These factors included trust in people, neighbourhood social capital, trust in institutions, sense of belonging, civic engagement, and social network size. A logistic regression indicated that having high Trust in People and Trust in Institutions were associated with better mental health while high Trust in Institutions, Sense of Belonging, and Civic Engagement were associated with better physical health. When comparing rural and urban residents, there were no differences in their self-reported health, nor did social capital influence their health any differently, despite rural residents having higher social capital scores. The study findings are important for understanding the nature of social capital and how it influences health, and provide direction for targeted health promotion strategies.
Collapse
|
33
|
Alterman T, Tsai R, Ju J, Kelly KM. Trust in the Work Environment and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Findings from the Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020230. [PMID: 30650574 PMCID: PMC6352238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examined associations between trust, an important aspect of workplace social capital, with seven cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 (LS7)): smoking, obesity, low physical activity, poor diet, diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Data are from the U.S. Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index (2010–2012), a nationally representative telephone survey of U.S. workers (n = 412,884). The independent variable was the response to a work environment (WE) question as to whether their supervisor always creates an open and trusting environment. Regression models were adjusted for demographic characteristics with each of the LS7 CVD risk factors as dependent variables. Twenty-one percent of workers reported that their supervisor did not create an open and trusting environment. Trust was associated with increased adjusted odds of having many of the LS7 CVD risk factors. Among those workers whose supervisor created a mistrustful environment, the odds ratios were greatest (>20%) for having four or more of the LS7 CVD risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toni Alterman
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, (MS-R17), 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, (MS-R17), 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Jun Ju
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, (MS-R17), 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Kevin M Kelly
- UI Healthier Workforce Center, The University of Iowa, UI Research Park, IREH #106, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Two theoretical strands of social capital, and total, cardiovascular, cancer and other mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study. SSM Popul Health 2019; 7:100337. [PMID: 30623011 PMCID: PMC6302214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim is to prospectively investigate both the “cohesion” and “network” perspectives of social capital in relation to total, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and all other causes mortality. The 2008 public health survey in Scania was a postal questionnaire with three letters of reminder, and it was answered in the Autumn by 28,198 respondents (55% participation) aged 18–80 from a stratified random sample of the population register. This baseline was connected with the national causes of death registry (Dödsorsaksregistret) with a more than five-year follow-up August 27- November 14 (depending on individual response) to December 31, 2013 (946 deaths). The analyses were performed in multiple adjusted survival (Cox-) regression models. Results show that low social participation, common to both theoretical perspectives, had consistently high hazard rate ratios (HRRs) of total, CVD, cancer and other morality, and that HRRs of total and CVD mortality remained statistically significant even after adjustments for all covariates including health behaviors, BMI, unmet healthcare needs and self-rated health, HRR 1.28 (1.08–1.52) and HRR 1.79 (1.28–2.50), respectively. In contrast, low social support, specific to the “network” perspective, showed no significant associations with mortality, except for low emotional and instrumental support and other causes mortality for which HRRs remained significant adjusted for demographics and socioeconomic status (SES). Generalized trust in other people, specific to the “cohesion” perspective, showed statistically significant HRRs for total and other causes mortality until adjustments for health-related behaviours and BMI, although not after complete adjustments, and significant HRRs for CVD and cancer mortality before adjustment for health behaviours. In conclusion, low social participation is consistently associated with all forms of mortality, and particularly total and CVD mortality. Social participation represents a strong core of social capital theory, and items should measure both variety of social contact surfaces and intensity. There is no consensus regarding the definition of social capital. The “network” and “cohesion” approaches are discussed in the public health literature. Generalized trust is specific to the cohesion approach also including social participation. Social support is sometimes defined as an aspect of network which also includes social participation. Social participation was the strongest predictor of total and cause-specific mortality.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ruiz MA. Trust and mortality in the contemporary United States. J Epidemiol Community Health 2018; 73:285-286. [PMID: 30559130 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-211602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
36
|
Giordano GN, Mewes J, Miething A. Trust and all-cause mortality: a multilevel study of US General Social Survey data (1978-2010). J Epidemiol Community Health 2018; 73:50-55. [PMID: 30322881 PMCID: PMC6839792 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-211250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Within public health research, generalised trust has been considered an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality for over two decades. However, there are no population-based studies that have scrutinised both contextual-level and individual-level effects of generalised trust on all-cause mortality. We, therefore, aim to investigate such associations by using pooled nationally representative US General Social Survey (GSS) data linked to the National Death Register (NDI). Methods The combined GSS–NDI data from the USA have 90 contextual units. Our sample consisted of 25 270 respondents from 1972 to 2010, with 6424 recorded deaths by 2014. We used multilevel parametric Weibull survival models reporting HRs and 95% CI (credible intervals for Bayesian analysis). Individual-level and contextual-level generalised trust were the exposures of interest; covariates included age, race, gender, marital status, education and household income. Results We found a robust, significant impact of individual-level and contextual-level trust on mortality (HR=0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97; and HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.98, respectively). There were no discernible gender differences. Neither did we observe any significant cross-level interactions. Conclusion High levels of individual and contextual generalised trust protect against mortality, even after considering numerous individual and aggregated socioeconomic conditions. Its robustness at both levels hints at the importance of psychosocial mechanisms, as well as a trustworthy environment. Declining trust levels across the USA should be of concern; decision makers should consider direct and indirect effects of policy on trust with the view to halting this decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicola Giordano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Mewes
- Department of Sociology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Miething
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Prady SL, Uphoff EP, Power M, Golder S. Development and validation of a search filter to identify equity-focused studies: reducing the number needed to screen. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018; 18:106. [PMID: 30314471 PMCID: PMC6186133 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-018-0567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health inequalities, worse health associated with social and economic disadvantage, are reported by a minority of research articles. Locating these studies when conducting an equity-focused systematic review is challenging due to a deficit in standardised terminology, indexing, and lack of validated search filters. Current reporting guidelines recommend not applying filters, meaning that increased resources are needed at the screening stage. Methods We aimed to design and test search filters to locate studies that reported outcomes by a social determinant of health. We developed and expanded a ‘specific terms strategy’ using keywords and subject headings compiled from recent systematic reviews that applied an equity filter. A ‘non-specific strategy’ was compiled from phrases used to describe equity analyses that were reported in titles and abstracts, and related subject headings. Gold standard evaluation and validation sets were compiled. The filters were developed in MEDLINE, adapted for Embase and tested in both. We set a target of 0.90 sensitivity (95% CI; 0.84, 0.94) in retrieving 150 gold standard validation papers. We noted the reduction in the number needed to screen in a proposed equity-focused systematic review and the proportion of equity-focused reviews we assessed in the project that applied an equity filter to their search strategy. Results The specific terms strategy filtered out 93-95% of all records, and retrieved a validation set of articles with a sensitivity of 0.84 in MEDLINE (0.77, 0.89), and 0.87 (0.81, 0.92) in Embase. When combined (Boolean ‘OR’) with the non-specific strategy sensitivity was 0.92 (0.86, 0.96) in MEDLINE (Embase 0.94; 0.89, 0.97). The number needed to screen was reduced by 77% by applying the specific terms strategy, and by 59.7% (MEDLINE) and 63.5% (Embase) by applying the combined strategy. Eighty-one per cent of systematic reviews filtered studies by equity. Conclusions A combined approach of using specific and non-specific terms is recommended if systematic reviewers wish to filter studies for reporting outcomes by social determinants. Future research should concentrate on the indexing standardisation for equity studies and further development and testing of both specific and non-specific terms for accurate study retrieval. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12874-018-0567-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Prady
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Eleonora P Uphoff
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Madeleine Power
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Su Golder
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Epidemiological methods are essential for the discovery of cancer risks and prognostic factors as well as for the evaluation of cancer prevention measures. In this review, we discuss epidemiological surveillance procedures for data collection and processing to guide and evaluate the consequences of anticancer efforts for populations, assess the identification of cancer risk factors, examine barriers to cancer screening and recommended rules for early diagnosis programs. Epidemiological studies have shown that hindrances to cancer information assessment are currently encountered in developing countries. Known cancer risk factors include social determinants, lifestyle factors, occupational exposures, infectious agents, and genetic and epigenetic alterations. Challenges remain in studying the effectiveness of cancer screening; screening can have detrimental effects, and few cancers clearly benefit from screening. Currently, epidemiology faces the challenge of dealing with distinct levels of data, including factors related to social status, lifestyle and genetics, to reconstruct the causal traits of cancer. Additionally, translating epidemiological knowledge into cancer control demands more implementation studies in the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana N Toporcov
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saude Publica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Victor Wünsch Filho
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saude Publica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shiell A, Hawe P, Kavanagh S. Evidence suggests a need to rethink social capital and social capital interventions. Soc Sci Med 2018; 257:111930. [PMID: 30219489 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the 21 years since social capital first appeared in the public health literature, the evidence base has grown enormously, now reaching 28 systematic reviews encompassing more than 850 individual studies. We summarise this evidence and explain why conclusions relating to both the relationship between social capital and health, and the effectiveness of interventions to promote population health remain elusive and contradictory. A critical factor is the inadequate way that context is treated in the research, and especially how context interacts with efforts to promote health in a dynamic fashion. Of all the different types of interventions one could employ to improve the health of the public, 'social capital' interventions are likely to be the most context specific and especially affected by the boundaries placed around the context. A way forward is offered that requires a combination of insights from systems thinking, community-based participatory research, and intervention and improvement sciences. This requires renewed focus on the specific components of social capital, an understanding of how context interacts dynamically with efforts to improve health, a greater role for practice in the design, implementation, adaptation and evaluation of interventions, and the support of researchers to develop better methods for recognising and classifying the knowledge generated by complex interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Shiell
- Department of Public Health, La Trobe University and the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Australia.
| | - Penelope Hawe
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, and the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Australia
| | - Shane Kavanagh
- Department of Public Health, La Trobe University and the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Probst JC, Glover S, Kirksey V. Strange Harvest: a Cross-sectional Ecological Analysis of the Association Between Historic Lynching Events and 2010–2014 County Mortality Rates. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 6:143-152. [DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-0509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
41
|
Molina Y. A conceptual model of social networks and mechanisms of cancer mortality, and potential strategies to improve survival: an invited commentary. Transl Behav Med 2018; 8:643-648. [PMID: 30016525 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/iby076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, the importance of social factors for cancer survivorship has been theoretically considered and empirically studied. This commentary and Kroenke's narrative review highlight how social network theory and methods may innovatively expand this substantive body of work. First, we add to a new understanding of cancer survivorship through: (a) discussing the delineation and differences between multiple social factors of interest across existing conceptual models; (b) characterizing their relationships to each other and to cancer survivorship through a social network lens; and (c) overall, sharing terminology and strengthening connections within this diverse body of literature. Second, we note opportunities for future research in terms of (a) simultaneous measurement of multiple social factors at different levels and (b) adaptation of designs to leverage and measure the theorized mechanisms. This commentary describes how incorporation of social network research can optimize research, practice, and policy contributions regarding cancer survival and survivorship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamilé Molina
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Palafox B, Goryakin Y, Stuckler D, Suhrcke M, Balabanova D, Alhabib KF, Avezum A, Bahonar A, Bai X, Chifamba J, Dans AL, Diaz R, Gupta R, Iqbal R, Ismail N, Kaur M, Keskinler MV, Khatib R, Kruger A, Kruger IM, Lanas F, Lear SA, Li W, Liu J, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Peer N, Poirier P, Rahman O, Pillai RK, Rangarajan S, Rosengren A, Swaminathan S, Szuba A, Teo K, Wang Y, Wielgosz A, Yeates KE, Yusufali A, Yusuf S, McKee M. Does greater individual social capital improve the management of hypertension? Cross-national analysis of 61 229 individuals in 21 countries. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 2:e000443. [PMID: 29333284 PMCID: PMC5759715 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social capital, characterised by trust, reciprocity and cooperation, is positively associated with a number of health outcomes. We test the hypothesis that among hypertensive individuals, those with greater social capital are more likely to have their hypertension detected, treated and controlled. Methods Cross-sectional data from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study were collected covering 61 229 hypertensive individuals aged 35–70 years, their households and the 656 communities in which they live. Outcomes include whether hypertensive participants have their condition detected, treated and/or controlled. Multivariate statistical models adjusting for community fixed effects were used to assess the associations of three social capital measures: (1) membership of any social organisation, (2) trust in other people and (3) trust in organisations, stratified into high-income and low-income country samples. Results In low-income countries, membership of any social organisation was associated with a 3% greater likelihood of having one’s hypertension detected and controlled, while greater trust in organisations significantly increased the likelihood of detection by 4%. These associations were not observed among participants in high-income countries. Conclusion Although the observed associations are modest, some aspects of social capital are associated with better management of hypertension in low-income countries where health systems are often weak. Given that hypertension affects millions in these countries, even modest gains at all points along the treatment pathway could improve management for many, and translate into the prevention of thousands of cardiovascular events each year.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Palafox
- The Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Yevgeniy Goryakin
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France
| | - David Stuckler
- Department of Policy Analysis and Public Management and Dondena Research Centre, University of Bocconi, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc Suhrcke
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Dina Balabanova
- The Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Khalid F Alhabib
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alvaro Avezum
- Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ahmad Bahonar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Xiulin Bai
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Antonio L Dans
- UP College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Rafael Diaz
- Estudios Clinicos Latino America, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Noorhassim Ismail
- Department of Community Health, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mirac V Keskinler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rasha Khatib
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Annamarie Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Iolanthe M Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | | - Scott A Lear
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wei Li
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Nasheeta Peer
- South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
| | - Paul Poirier
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Andrzej Szuba
- Division of Angiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Koon Teo
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yang Wang
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Karen E Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Afzalhussein Yusufali
- Hatta Hospital, Dubai Health Authority/Dubai Medical University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin McKee
- The Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Carrillo-Álvarez E, Riera-Romaní J, Canet-Vélez O. Social influences on adolescents' dietary behavior in Catalonia, Spain: A qualitative multiple-cases study from the perspective of social capital. Appetite 2018; 123:289-298. [PMID: 29317272 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence has been referred to as the last best chance to prevent adult non-communicable diseases. Gaining further evidence on the psychosocial determinants of health behaviors, particularly the impact of peers, social networks and media on diet, is necessary to develop appropriate preventive strategies. Based on a multiple-cases study, our aim was to discuss the social influences on adolescents' dietary behavior from a social capital perspective. Participants were reached through four high-schools in different Catalan rural-urban and socioeconomic contexts. Our results confirm the different layout of social capital in the community, school, peers and family. In our sample, family and peers are the most influent sources of social capital in relation to dietary behaviors, inducing both protective and damaging effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Riera-Romaní
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Spain.
| | - Olga Canet-Vélez
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Saito Y, Oguma Y, Tajima T, Kato R, Kibayashi Y, Miyachi M, Takebayashi T. Association of high individual-level of social capital with increased physical activity among community-dwelling elderly men and women: a cross-sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.7600/jspfsm.67.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Saito
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University
| | | | - Riri Kato
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University
| | - Yayoi Kibayashi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University
- Institute of Physical Education, Keio University
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, NIBIOHN
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
De Clercq B, Abel T, Moor I, Elgar FJ, Lievens J, Sioen I, Braeckman L, Deforche B. Social inequality in adolescents' healthy food intake: the interplay between economic, social and cultural capital. Eur J Public Health 2017; 27:279-286. [PMID: 28040734 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current explanations of health inequalities in adolescents focus on behavourial and economic determinants and rarely include more meaningful forms of economic, cultural, and social capital. The aim of the study was to investigate how the interplay between capitals constitutes social inequalities in adolescent healthy food intake. Methods Data were collected in the 2013/14 Flemish Health Behavior among School-aged Children (HBSC) survey, which is part of the international WHO HBSC survey. The total sample included 7266 adolescents aged 12-18. A comprehensive set of 58 capital indicators was used to measure economic, cultural and social capital and a healthy food index was computed from a 17-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the consumption frequency of healthy food within the overall food intake. Results The different forms of capital were unequally distributed in accordance with the subdivisions within the education system. Only half of the capital indicators positively related to healthy food intake, and instead 17 interactions were found that both increased or reduced inequalities. Cultural capital was a crucial component for explaining inequalities such that social gradients in healthy food intake increased when adolescents participated in elite cultural practices ( P < 0.05), and were consequently reduced when adolescents reported to have a high number of books at home ( P < 0.05). Conclusion A combination of selected resources in the form of economic, cultural and social capital may both increase or reduce healthy food intake inequalities in adolescents. Policy action needs to take into account the unequal distribution of these resources within the education system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Clercq
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Academical Hospital, 4K3, De Pintelaan, 185, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Abel
- Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irene Moor
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Martin Luther University, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank J Elgar
- Institute for Health and Social Policy and Douglas Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Lievens
- Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Sioen
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lutgart Braeckman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Academical Hospital, 4K3, De Pintelaan, 185, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Academical Hospital, 4K3, De Pintelaan, 185, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Psychometric assessment of a scale to measure bonding workplace social capital. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179461. [PMID: 28662058 PMCID: PMC5491017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workplace social capital (WSC) has attracted increasing attention as an organizational and psychosocial factor related to worker health. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of a newly developed WSC scale for use in work environments, where bonding social capital is important. METHODS We assessed the psychometric properties of a newly developed 6-item scale to measure bonding WSC using two data sources. Participants were 1,650 randomly selected workers who completed an online survey. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted. We examined the item-item and item-total correlations, internal consistency, and associations between scale scores and a previous 8-item measure of WSC. We evaluated test-retest reliability by repeating the survey with 900 of the respondents 2 weeks later. The overall scale reliability was quantified by an intraclass coefficient and the standard error of measurement. We evaluated convergent validity by examining the association with several relevant workplace psychosocial factors using a dataset from workers employed by an electrical components company (n = 2,975). RESULTS The scale was unidimensional. The item-item and item-total correlations ranged from 0.52 to 0.78 (p < 0.01) and from 0.79 to 0.89 (p < 0.01), respectively. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's α coefficient: 0.93). The correlation with the 8-item scale indicated high criterion validity (r = 0.81) and the scale showed high test-retest reliability (r = 0.74, p < 0.01). The intraclass coefficient and standard error of measurement were 0.74 (95% confidence intervals: 0.71-0.77) and 4.04 (95% confidence intervals: 1.86-6.20), respectively. Correlations with relevant workplace psychosocial factors showed convergent validity. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed that the newly developed WSC scale has adequate psychometric properties.
Collapse
|
47
|
Nolan S, Hendricks J, Ferguson S, Towell A. Social networking site (SNS) use by adolescent mothers: Can social support and social capital be enhanced by online social networks? – A structured review of the literature. Midwifery 2017; 48:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
48
|
Saito M, Kondo N, Aida J, Kawachi I, Koyama S, Ojima T, Kondo K. Development of an instrument for community-level health related social capital among Japanese older people: The JAGES Project. J Epidemiol 2017; 27:221-227. [PMID: 28169107 PMCID: PMC5394224 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We developed and validated an instrument to measure community-level social capital based on data derived from older community dwellers in Japan. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey involving 123,760 functionally independent older people nested within 702 communities (i.e., school districts). We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on survey items to determine the items in a multi-dimensional scale to measure community social capital. Internal consistency was checked with Cronbach's alpha. Convergent construct validity was assessed via correlating the scale with health outcomes. RESULTS From 53 candidate variables, 11 community-level variables were extracted: participation in volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby activities, study or cultural groups, and activities for teaching specific skills; trust, norms of reciprocity, and attachment to one's community; received emotional support; provided emotional support; and received instrumental support. Using factor analysis, these variables were determined to belong to three sub-scales: civic participation (eigenvalue = 3.317, α = 0.797), social cohesion (eigenvalue = 2.633, α = 0.853), and reciprocity (eigenvalue = 1.424, α = 0.732). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the goodness of fit of this model. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis revealed that civic participation score was robustly associated with individual subjective health (Self-Rated Health: prevalence ratio [PR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-0.98; Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]: PR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.97). Reciprocity score was also associated with individual GDS (PR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00). Social cohesion score was not consistently associated with individual health indicators. CONCLUSIONS Our scale for measuring social capital at the community level might be useful for future studies of older community dwellers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashige Saito
- Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan; Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health and Social Behavior, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shihoko Koyama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya, Japan; Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bowling A, Pikhartova J, Dodgeon B. Is mid-life social participation associated with cognitive function at age 50? Results from the British National Child Development Study (NCDS). BMC Psychol 2016; 4:58. [PMID: 27908287 PMCID: PMC5134123 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-016-0164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies have indicated that social engagement is associated with better cognitive outcomes. This study aimed to investigate associations between life-course social engagement (civic participation) and cognitive status at age 50, adjusting for social networks and support, behavioural, health, social and socio-economic characteristics. Methods The vehicle for the study was the National Child Development Study (1958 Birth Cohort Study), which is a general population sample in England, Scotland and Wales (9119: 4497 men and 4622 women) participating in nationally representative, prospective birth cohort surveys. The primary outcome variable was cognitive status at age 50, measured by memory test (immediate and delayed word recall test) and executive functioning test (word fluency and letter cancelation tests). The influence of hypothesised predictor variables was analysed using linear multiple regression analysis. Results Cognitive ability at age 11 (β = 0.19;95% CI = 0.17 to 0.21), participation in civic activities at ages 33 (0.12; 0.02 to 0.22) and 50 (0.13; 0.07 to 0.20), frequent engagement in physical activity (sport) (β from 0.15 to 0.18), achieving higher level qualifications (β from 0.23 to 1.08), and female gender (β = 0.49;95% CI = 0.38 to 0.60) were positively, significantly and independently associated with cognitive status at age 50. Having low socio-economic status at ages 11 (β from -0.22 to -0.27) and 42 (β from -0.28 to -0.38), and manifesting worse mental well-being at age 42 (β = -0.18; 95% CI = -0.33 to -0.02) were inversely associated with cognitive status at age 50. The proportion of explained variance in the multiple regression model (18%), while modest, is impressive given the multi-faceted causal nature of cognitive status. Conclusions The results indicate that modest associations between adult social engagement and cognitive function at age 50 persist after adjusting for covariates which included health, socio-economic status and gender, supporting theories of neuroplasticity. In addition to the continuing emphasis on physical activity, the encouragement of civic participation, at least as early as mid-life, should be a targeted policy to potentially promote and protect cognitive function in later mid-life. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40359-016-0164-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Bowling
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO171BJ, UK.
| | - Jitka Pikhartova
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO171BJ, UK.,Brunel University London, College of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, London, UK
| | - Brian Dodgeon
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Institute of Education, 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL20, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mowen AJ, Rung AL. Park-based social capital: are there variations across visitors with different socio-demographic characteristics and behaviours? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2016.1253178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Mowen
- Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ariane L. Rung
- Epidemiology Program, Louisiana State University School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|