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Woldetsadik D, Sims DB, Garner MC, Hudson AC, Monk J, Braunersrither B, Adepa Sunshine WN, Warner-McRoy L, Vasani S. United States Grown and Imported Rice on Sale in Las Vegas: Metal(loid)s Composition and Geographic Origin Discrimination. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3829-3839. [PMID: 37952013 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of metal(loid)s, Ag, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se, Sr, V and Zn, were determined in rice on sale in Las Vegas. The rice samples were grown in five different countries, the USA, Thailand, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The elemental concentrations in rice grain were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following hot block-assisted digestion. The accuracy of the laboratory procedure was verified by the analysis of rice flour standard reference material (NIST SRM 1568b). The mean metal(loid) contents in rice of various geographic origins were 3.18-5.91 mg kg-1 for Al, 0.05-0.12 mg kg-1 for As, 3.64-41 μg kg-1 for Cd, 5.11-12 μg kg-1 for Co, 0.12-0.14 mg kg-1 for Cr, 1.5-1.91 mg kg-1 for Cu, 3.04-4.98 mg kg-1 for Fe, 4.2-10.4 mg kg-1 for Mn, 0.21-0.41 mg kg-1 for Ni, 0.02-0.07 mg kg-1 for Se, 0.68-0.88 mg kg-1 for Sr, 3.64-5.26 μg kg-1 for V, and 16.6-19.9 mg kg-1 for Zn. respectively. The mean concentration of As in US rice was significantly higher than in Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi rice. On the other hand, it was found a significantly low mean level of Cd in US-grown rice. It was also found that the concentrations of metal(loid)s in black and brown rice on sale in Las Vegas were statistically similar, except for Mn and Se. The geographic origin traceability of rice grain involved the use of ICP-MS analysis coupled with chemometrics that allowed their differentiation based on the rice metal(loid) profile, thus confirming their origins. Data were processed by linear discriminant analysis, and US and Thai rice samples were cross-validated with higher accuracy (100%). This authentication quickly discriminates US rice from the other regions and adds verifiable food safety measures for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desta Woldetsadik
- Department of Soil and Water Resources Management, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
- College of Southern Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Joshua Monk
- College of Southern Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
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2
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Pupillo D, Bruns MP, Prado LH, Di Franco F, Böhringer D, Mazare A, Goldmann WH, Virtanen S, Santamaria M, Tesler AB. Corrosion Resistance of Biodegradable Zinc Surfaces Enhanced by UV-Grafted Polydimethylsiloxane Coating. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 39007167 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Improved living conditions have led to an increase in life expectancy worldwide. However, as people age, the risk of vascular disease tends to increase due to the accumulation and buildup of plaque in arteries. Vascular stents are used to keep blood vessels open. Biodegradable stents are designed to provide a temporary support vessel that gradually degrades and is absorbed by the body, leaving behind healed blood vessels. However, biodegradable metals can suffer from reduced mechanical strength and/or inflammatory response, both of which can affect the rate of corrosion. Therefore, it is essential to achieve a controlled and predictable degradation rate. Here, we demonstrate that the corrosion resistance of biodegradable Zn surfaces is improved by electroless deposition of zinc hydroxystannate followed by UV-grafting with silicone oil (PDMS). Potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respiratory kinetic measurements, and long-term immersion in three simulated body fluids were applied. Although zinc hydroxystannate improves the corrosion resistance of Zn to some extent, it introduces a high surface area with hydroxyl units used to UV-graft PDMS molecules. Our results demonstrate that hydrophobic PDMS causes a 3-fold reduction in corrosion of Zn-based materials in biological environments and reduces cytotoxicity through the uncontrolled release of Zn ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pupillo
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Mark P Bruns
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Surface Science and Corrosion, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Lucia H Prado
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Surface Science and Corrosion, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Francesco Di Franco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.6, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - David Böhringer
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Surface Science and Corrosion, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Sannakaisa Virtanen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Surface Science and Corrosion, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Monica Santamaria
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.6, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Alexander B Tesler
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, Erlangen 91052, Germany
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Woldetsadik D, Sims DB, Herrera Huerta E, Nelson T, Garner MC, Monk J, Hudson AC, Schlick K. Elemental Profile of Wheat in the Las Vegas market: Geographic Origin Discrimination and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2024:114862. [PMID: 38986833 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates concentrations of toxic and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in organic and conventional wheat flour and grains marketed in Las Vegas. Geographic origins of the samples were evaluated using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Monte Carlo Simulation technique was also employed to evaluate non-carcinogenic risk in four life stages. Concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, and Zn were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following hot block-assisted digestion. Obtained results showed non-significant differences in contents of toxic and PTEs between conventional and organic wheat grains/flour. Using LDA, metal(loid)s were found to be indicative of geographical origin. The LDA produced a total correct classification rate of 95.8% and 100% for US and West Pacific Region samples, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that the estimated non-carcinogenic risk associated with toxic element intakes across the four life stages were far lower than the threshold value (Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) >1). However, the probability of exceeding the threshold value for Mn is approximately 32% in children aged between 5 and 8 years. The findings of this study can aid in understanding dietary Mn exposure in children in Las Vegas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joshua Monk
- College of Southern Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
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Zhang Y, Han H, Wei Z, Dikarev EV. Trickier than It Looks: Isomerization between Five- and Six-Coordinated Zinc in Heterometallic Li 2Zn 2 Molecule. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12426-12432. [PMID: 38905706 PMCID: PMC11234357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis and characterization of two heterobimetallic Li-Zn coordination isomers [Li2Zn2(tbaoac)6] (tbaoac = tert-butyl acetoacetato) that have been isolated separately by the same stoichiometric reaction run in different organic solvents. The 6-coordinated zinc isomer (6-Zn) was synthesized in acetone with high yield, while the 5-coordinated one (5-Zn) was readily obtained from ethanol. The 5-Zn isomer has a low solubility in organic solvents such as alkanes and haloalkanes, while its 6-Zn counterpart exhibits a good solubility in almost all common solvents. Two isomeric molecules feature similar centrosymmetric tetranuclear cyclic assemblies, which are different in their arrangement of tbaoac ligands. While all ligands act as μ2-type in the structure of 5-Zn, the two tbaoac groups chelating Li appear as μ3-type in 6-Zn, thus providing an additional coordination for Zn ions. However, the real structural transformation between these isomers was shown to be more complex than simply making or breaking a couple of Zn-O bonds. X-ray single-crystal structure analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR, DART mass spectrometry, ICP-OES analysis, and TGA have been employed for the characterization of the isomers. The combination of powder X-ray diffraction and 1H NMR investigation revealed that 6-Zn isomer can be quantitatively transformed to 5-Zn in ethanol, while the reverse conversion instantly takes place in acetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Haixiang Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Evgeny V Dikarev
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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Gorantla KR, Krishnan A, Waheed SO, Varghese A, DiCastri I, LaRouche C, Paik M, Fields GB, Karabencheva-Christova TG. Novel Insights into the Catalytic Mechanism of Collagenolysis by Zn(II)-Dependent Matrix Metalloproteinase-1. Biochemistry 2024. [PMID: 38963231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Collagen hydrolysis, catalyzed by Zn(II)-dependent matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), is a critical physiological process. Despite previous computational investigations into the catalytic mechanisms of MMP-mediated collagenolysis, a significant knowledge gap in understanding remains regarding the influence of conformational sampling and entropic contributions at physiological temperature on enzymatic collagenolysis. In our comprehensive multilevel computational study, employing quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) metadynamics (MetD) simulations, we aimed to bridge this gap and provide valuable insights into the catalytic mechanism of MMP-1. Specifically, we compared the full enzyme-substrate complex in solution, clusters in solution, and gas-phase to elucidate insights into MMP-1-catalyzed collagenolysis. Our findings reveal significant differences in the catalytic mechanism when considering thermal effects and the dynamic evolution of the system, contrasting with conventional static potential energy surface QM/MM reaction path studies. Notably, we observed a significant stabilization of the critical tetrahedral intermediate, attributed to contributions from conformational flexibility and entropy. Moreover, we found that protonation of the scissile bond nitrogen occurs via proton transfer from a Zn(II)-coordinated hydroxide rather than from a solvent water molecule. Following C-N bond cleavage, the C-terminus remains coordinated to the catalytic Zn(II), while the N-terminus forms a hydrogen bond with a solvent water molecule. Subsequently, the release of the C-terminus is facilitated by the coordination of a water molecule. Our study underscores the pivotal role of protein conformational dynamics at physiological temperature in stabilizing the transition state of the rate-limiting step and key intermediates, compared to the corresponding reaction in solution. These fundamental insights into the mechanism of collagen degradation provide valuable guidance for the development of MMP-1-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koteswara Rao Gorantla
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Anandhu Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Sodiq O Waheed
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Ann Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Isabella DiCastri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Ciara LaRouche
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Meredith Paik
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and I-HEALTH, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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Ayaz A, Zaman W, Radák Z, Gu Y. Green strength: The role of micronutrients in plant-based diets for athletic performance enhancement. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32803. [PMID: 38975163 PMCID: PMC11225853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the correlation between plant-based diets and athletic performance, with a specific emphasis on the vital aspect of optimizing micronutrients for athletes. In light of the increasing prevalence of plant-based nutrition among athletes due to its perceived advantages in terms of health, ethics, and the environment, this study investigates the ability of these diets to satisfy the demanding nutritional requirements essential for achieving optimal performance and facilitating recovery. The article emphasizes the significance of essential micronutrients such as iron, vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids and also addressing the challenges with their absorption and bioavailability from plant sources. The review consolidates existing scientific knowledge to propose strategies for improving micronutrient consumption, comparing the effects of supplements against whole foods, and highlighting the significance of enhancing bioavailability. The proposal supports the implementation of personalized meal planning, with the assistance of sports nutritionists or dietitians, and is substantiated by case studies showcasing the success of plant-based athletes. Future research directions examine the long-term effects of plant-based diets on micronutrient status and athletic performance, as well as developing nutritional trends and technology. The review concludes that plant-based diets can meet athletes' nutritional demands and improve peak performance while aligning with personal and ethical values with strategic planning and professional guidance. This study intends to help athletes, coaches, and nutritionists understand plant-based nutrition for enhanced athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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D’Angelo A, Vitiello L, Gagliardi V, Salerno G, De Pascale I, Coppola A, Abbinante G, Pellegrino A, Giannaccare G. The Role of Oral Supplementation for the Management of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2024; 14:653. [PMID: 38929874 PMCID: PMC11204429 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14060653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of neurodegenerative eye disorders occur with aging and significantly impair quality of life. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the third most common cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. One of the most important elements in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative eye disease is certainly oxidative stress, with neuroinflammation and ocular ischemia which may also be significant factors. Antioxidants, either by food or oral supplementation, may be able to mitigate the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species that build as a result of oxidative stress, ischemia, and inflammation. Over the past few decades, a number of research works examining the potential adjuvant impact of antioxidants in AMD have been published. In fact, there is not only more and more interest in already known molecules but also in new molecules that can help clinicians in the management of this complex multifactorial disease, such as astaxanthin and melatonin. However, while some studies showed encouraging outcomes, others were conflicting. In addition, more and more attention is also being paid to nutrition, considered a pivotal key point, especially to prevent AMD. For this reason, the purpose of this review is to analyze the main antioxidant molecules currently used as oral supplements for AMD treatment, as well as the role of diet and food intake in this ocular disease, to better understand how all these factors can improve the clinical management of AMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela D’Angelo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy;
| | - Livio Vitiello
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Gagliardi
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Giulio Salerno
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Ilaria De Pascale
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessia Coppola
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Giulia Abbinante
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Alfonso Pellegrino
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, SA, Italy; (L.V.); (V.G.); (G.S.); (I.D.P.); (A.C.); (G.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, CA, Italy
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8
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Volek M, Kurfürst J, Drexler M, Svoboda M, Srb P, Veverka V, Curtis EA. Aurora: a fluorescent deoxyribozyme for high-throughput screening. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae467. [PMID: 38860424 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence facilitates the detection, visualization, and tracking of molecules with high sensitivity and specificity. A functional DNA molecule that generates a robust fluorescent signal would offer significant advantages for many applications compared to intrinsically fluorescent proteins, which are expensive and labor intensive to synthesize, and fluorescent RNA aptamers, which are unstable under most conditions. Here, we describe a novel deoxyriboyzme that rapidly and efficiently generates a stable fluorescent product using a readily available coumarin substrate. An engineered version can detect picomolar concentrations of ribonucleases in a simple homogenous assay, and was used to rapidly identify novel inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 ribonuclease Nsp15 in a high-throughput screen. Our work adds an important new component to the toolkit of functional DNA parts, and also demonstrates how catalytic DNA motifs can be used to solve real-world problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Volek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kurfürst
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
- Department of Informatics and Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Matúš Drexler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Svoboda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Srb
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Veverka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Edward A Curtis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
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Sánchez JM, López-Laguna H, Parladé E, Somma AD, Livieri AL, Álamo P, Mangues R, Unzueta U, Villaverde A, Vázquez E. Structural Stabilization of Clinically Oriented Oligomeric Proteins During their Transit through Synthetic Secretory Amyloids. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309427. [PMID: 38501900 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Developing time-sustained drug delivery systems is a main goal in innovative medicines. Inspired by the architecture of secretory granules from the mammalian endocrine system it has generated non-toxic microscale amyloid materials through the coordination between divalent metals and poly-histidine stretches. Like their natural counterparts that keep the functionalities of the assembled protein, those synthetic structures release biologically active proteins during a slow self-disintegration process occurring in vitro and upon in vivo administration. Being these granules formed by a single pure protein species and therefore, chemically homogenous, they act as highly promising time-sustained drug delivery systems. Despite their enormous clinical potential, the nature of the clustering process and the quality of the released protein have been so far neglected issues. By using diverse polypeptide species and their protein-only oligomeric nanoscale versions as convenient models, a conformational rearrangement and a stabilization of the building blocks during their transit through the secretory granules, being the released material structurally distinguishable from the original source is proved here. This fact indicates a dynamic nature of secretory amyloids that act as conformational arrangers rather than as plain, inert protein-recruiting/protein-releasing granular depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta M Sánchez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT) (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), ICTA, FCEFyN, UNC, Av. Velez Sarsfield 1611, Córdoba, X5016GCA, Argentina
| | - Hèctor López-Laguna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
| | - Eloi Parladé
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
| | - Angela Di Somma
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, Naples, 20126, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Andrea L Livieri
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Patricia Álamo
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, Barcelona, 08041, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, Barcelona, 08041, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, Barcelona, 08041, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica s/n, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08024, Spain
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10
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Liu WJ, Li LS, Lan MF, Shang JZ, Zhang JX, Xiong WJ, Lai XL, Duan X. Zinc deficiency deteriorates ovarian follicle development and function by inhibiting mitochondrial function. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:115. [PMID: 38807213 PMCID: PMC11134637 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a crucial trace element essential for human growth and development, particularly for reproductive health. Previous research has shown a decrease in serum zinc concentration with age and individuals with conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes mellitus. However, the specific effects of zinc deficiency on the female reproductive system, especially ovarian function, are not fully understood. In our study, we observed a significant reduction in the total number of follicles and mature follicles in the zinc deficiency group. This reduction correlated with decreased level of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and abnormal gene expression affecting hormone secretion regulation. Furthermore, we found that zinc deficiency disrupted mitochondrial dynamics, leading to oxidative stress in the ovaries, which further inhibited autophagy and increased ovarian apoptosis. These changes ultimately resulted in the failure of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and reduced oocyte quality. Meanwhile, administration of zinc glycine effectively alleviated the oocyte meiotic arrest caused by dietary zinc deficiency. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that dietary zinc deficiency can affect hormone secretion and follicle maturation by impairing mitochondrial function and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Li-Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Meng-Fan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jian-Zhou Shang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jin-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Wen-Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xin-Le Lai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
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11
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Min JH, Sarlus H, Harris RA. Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitro. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae019. [PMID: 38599632 PMCID: PMC11135135 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Common features of neurodegenerative diseases are oxidative and inflammatory imbalances as well as the misfolding of proteins. An excess of free metal ions can be pathological and contribute to cell death, but only copper and zinc strongly promote protein aggregation. Herein we demonstrate that the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) has the ability to bind to and reduce copper redox activity and to prevent copper- and zinc-induced cell death in vitro. In addition, GHK prevents copper- and zinc-induced bovine serum albumin aggregation and reverses aggregation through resolubilizing the protein. We further demonstrate the enhanced toxicity of copper during inflammation and the ability of GHK to attenuate this toxicity. Finally, we investigated the effects of copper on enhancing paraquat toxicity and report a protective effect of GHK. We therefore conclude that GHK has potential as a cytoprotective compound with regard to copper and zinc toxicity, with positive effects on protein solubility and aggregation that warrant further investigation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hong Min
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heela Sarlus
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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MacDiarmid CW, Taggart J, Kubisiak M, Eide DJ. Restricted glycolysis is a primary cause of the reduced growth rate of zinc-deficient yeast cells. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107147. [PMID: 38460940 PMCID: PMC11001634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc is required for many critical processes, including intermediary metabolism. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Zap1 activator regulates the transcription of ∼80 genes in response to Zn supply. Some Zap1-regulated genes are Zn transporters that maintain Zn homeostasis, while others mediate adaptive responses that enhance fitness. One adaptive response gene encodes the 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin Tsa1, which is critical to Zn-deficient (ZnD) growth. Depending on its redox state, Tsa1 can function as a peroxidase, a protein chaperone, or a regulatory redox sensor. In a screen for possible Tsa1 regulatory targets, we identified a mutation (cdc19S492A) that partially suppressed the tsa1Δ growth defect. The cdc19S492A mutation reduced activity of its protein product, pyruvate kinase isozyme 1 (Pyk1), implicating Tsa1 in adapting glycolysis to ZnD conditions. Glycolysis requires activity of the Zn-dependent enzyme fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 1, which was substantially decreased in ZnD cells. We hypothesized that in ZnD tsa1Δ cells, the loss of a compensatory Tsa1 regulatory function causes depletion of glycolytic intermediates and restricts dependent amino acid synthesis pathways, and that the decreased activity of Pyk1S492A counteracted this depletion by slowing the irreversible conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. In support of this model, supplementing ZnD tsa1Δ cells with aromatic amino acids improved their growth. Phosphoenolpyruvate supplementation, in contrast, had a much greater effect on growth rate of WT and tsa1Δ ZnD cells, indicating that inefficient glycolysis is a major factor limiting yeast growth. Surprisingly however, this restriction was not primarily due to low fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 1 activity, but instead occurs earlier in glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin W MacDiarmid
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
| | - Janet Taggart
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Kubisiak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David J Eide
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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13
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Tan J, Wang H, Liu S, Li L, Liu H, Liu T, Chen J. Multifunctional nanocoatings with synergistic controlled release of zinc ions and cytokines for precise modulation of vascular intimal reconstruction. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 57:102739. [PMID: 38341009 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Vascular stent implantation remains the major therapeutic method for cardiovascular diseases currently. We here introduced crucial biological functional biological function factors (SDF-1α, VEGF) and vital metal ions (Zn2+) into the stent surface to explore their synergistic effect in the microenvironment. The combination of the different factors is known to effectively regulate cellular inflammatory response and selectively regulate cell biological behavior. Meanwhile, in the implemented method, VEGF and Zn2+ were loaded into heparin and poly-l-lysine (Hep-PLL) nanoparticles, ensuring a controlled release of functional molecules with a multi-factor synergistic effect and excellent biological functions in vitro and in vivo. Notably, after 150 days of implantation of the modified stent in rabbits, a thin and smooth new intima was obtained. This study offers a new idea for constructing a modified surface microenvironment and promoting tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Tan
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Huanran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Sainan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hengquan Liu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Junying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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14
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Jota Baptista C, Seixas F, Gonzalo-Orden JM, Patinha C, Pato P, Ferreira da Silva E, Merino-Goyenechea LJ, Oliveira PA. Heavy metals and metalloids in wild boars (Sus Scrofa) - a silent but serious public health hazard. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1015-1023. [PMID: 38052737 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Wild boars (Sus scrofa) are part of the hunting economy and are highly consumed in the Iberian Peninsula, including in the Castile and Leon regions. As zoonotic diseases, chemical pollutants in wild boars' internal tissues should be interpreted as evidence of environmental contamination and a matter of concern for animal, human and ecosystem health; in other words, a One Health concern. Twenty-eight wild boars' livers and kidneys (n = 28) from Castile and Leon were submitted to metal(loid) determination (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS) and histopathological exam. Cd levels, especially in the kidneys (7.063 ± 7.271 mg/kg dw), were the most concerning results, considering the calculated maximum values for consumption (EC No. 915/2023) (2.491 mg/kg dw or 1.0 mg/kg ww). Wild boars with hydropic changes in the liver presented higher concentrations of Ni. Thus, the metal(loid) contamination of wild boar carcasses seems to be a "no trace" but very relevant problem that should raise awareness of a more accurate monitoring program and other strategies to avoid public health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Jota Baptista
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (ECAV), Universidade de Trás- os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação das Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas (CITAB- Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain.
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (FMV-ULHT), Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (ECAV), Universidade de Trás- os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, 5000-801, Portugal
| | | | - Carla Patinha
- GEOBIOTEC & Departamento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pato
- GEOBIOTEC & Departamento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | - Paula A Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (ECAV), Universidade de Trás- os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação das Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas (CITAB- Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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15
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Franco CE, Rients EL, Diaz FE, Hansen SL, McGill JL. Dietary Zinc Supplementation in Steers Modulates Labile Zinc Concentration and Zinc Transporter Gene Expression in Circulating Immune Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04123-6. [PMID: 38438601 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is critical for immune function, and marginal Zn deficiency in calves can lead to suboptimal growth and increased disease susceptibility. However, in contrast to other trace minerals such as copper, tissue concentrations of Zn do not change readily in conditions of supplementation or marginal deficiency. Therefore, the evaluation of Zn status remains challenging. Zinc transporters are essential for maintaining intracellular Zn homeostasis, and their expression may indicate changes in Zn status in the animal. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary Zn supplementation on labile Zn concentration and Zn transporter gene expression in circulating immune cells isolated from feedlot steers. Eighteen Angus crossbred steers (261 ± 14 kg) were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to two dietary treatments: a control diet (58 mg Zn/kg DM, no supplemental Zn) or control plus 150 mg Zn/kg DM (HiZn; 207 mg Zn/kg DM total). After 33 days, Zn supplementation increased labile Zn concentrations (as FluoZin-3 fluorescence) in monocytes, granulocytes, and CD4 T cells (P < 0.05) but had the opposite effect on CD8 and γδ T cells (P < 0.05). Zn transporter gene expression was analyzed on purified immune cell populations collected on days 27 or 28. ZIP11 and ZnT1 gene expression was lower (P < 0.05) in CD4 T cells from HiZn compared to controls. Expression of ZIP6 in CD8 T cells (P = 0.02) and ZnT7 in B cells (P = 0.01) was upregulated in HiZn, while ZnT9 tended (P = 0.06) to increase in B cells from HiZn. These results suggest dietary Zn concentration affects both circulating immune cell Zn concentrations and Zn transporter gene expression in healthy steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Franco
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 1907 ISU C-Drive, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Emma L Rients
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Fabian E Diaz
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 1907 ISU C-Drive, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Jodi L McGill
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 1907 ISU C-Drive, Ames, IA, USA.
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16
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Keypour H, Zeynali H, Fatemikia H, Ranjbar N, Karamian R, Rezaei MT, Gable RW. Anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial studies and molecular docking of a new hexanuclear Zn(II) complex, together with its X-ray crystal analysis. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4512-4525. [PMID: 38348683 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A new hexanuclear Zn(II) complex with the ligand 2,2'-(piperazine-1,4-diyl)bis(ethan-1-amine), [L3Zn6(OH)6][ClO4]6·3MeOH·7H2O, was synthesized. The crystal structure of this complex showed that each Zn atom is in a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment, surrounded by two nitrogen atoms from each ligand and two hydroxide groups, each of which bridges to another Zn atom. The anticancer activities of the ligand and its metal complex against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) indicated that the zinc complex had a greater anticancer activity. The free ligand and its metal complex were evaluated for antioxidant activity using the DPPH scavenging method. In addition, the antibacterial activities of both compounds were screened against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. The interaction of these compounds with DNA and AChE was also investigated using molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Keypour
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hamid Zeynali
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Nika Ranjbar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Karamian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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17
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Hecel A, Garstka K, Kozłowski H, Rowińska-Żyrek M. -HH and -HAAAH motifs act as fishing nets for biologically relevant metal ions in metallopeptides. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 252:112456. [PMID: 38154408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Histidine are one of the most common residues involved in transition metal ion binding in the active sites of metalloenzymes. In order to mimic enzymatic metal binding sites, it is crucial to understand the basic coordination modes of histidine residues, distributed at different positions in the peptide sequence. We show that: (i) the separation of two histidines has a large effect on complex stability - a sequence with adjusting histidine residues forms more stable complexes with Zn(II) than the one in which the residues are separated, while the contrary is observed for Cu(II) complexes, in which amide nitrogens participate in metal binding. No pronounced effect is observed for Ni(II) complexes, where the amides participate in binding at higher pH; (ii) non-coordinating amino acid residues (basic, acidic and aromatic ones) have a significant impact on complex stability; charged and aromatic residues may enhance Zn(II) binding, while the contrary is observed for the amide-binding Cu(II); (iii) cysteine containing sequences are much more effective Zn(II) and Ni(II) binding motifs at pH above 8, while histidine containing ligands are more suitable for effective Zn(II) and Ni(II) binding at lower pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Hecel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Kinga Garstka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Henryk Kozłowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 68 Katowicka St., 45-060 Opole, Poland
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18
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Mom R, Réty S, Mocquet V, Auguin D. Deciphering Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Modulation of Human Aquaporins' Water Permeability by Zinc Cations: A Molecular Dynamics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2267. [PMID: 38396944 PMCID: PMC10888569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) constitute a wide family of water channels implicated in all kind of physiological processes. Zinc is the second most abundant trace element in the human body and a few studies have highlighted regulation of AQP0 and AQP4 by zinc. In the present work, we addressed the putative regulation of AQPs by zinc cations in silico through molecular dynamics simulations of human AQP0, AQP2, AQP4, and AQP5. Our results align with other scales of study and several in vitro techniques, hence strengthening the reliability of this regulation by zinc. We also described two distinct putative molecular mechanisms associated with the increase or decrease in AQPs' water permeability after zinc binding. In association with other studies, our work will help deciphering the interaction networks existing between zinc and channel proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Mom
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1293, 46 Allée d’Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007 Lyon, France; (S.R.); (V.M.)
- Research Group on Vestibular Pathophysiology, CNRS, Unit GDR2074, F-13331 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Réty
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1293, 46 Allée d’Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007 Lyon, France; (S.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincent Mocquet
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1293, 46 Allée d’Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007 Lyon, France; (S.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Daniel Auguin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Ecologie et Environnement (P2E), UPRES EA 1207/USC INRAE-1328, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Orléans, F-45067 Orléans, France
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19
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Mendoza AD, Dietrich N, Tan CH, Herrera D, Kasiah J, Payne Z, Cubillas C, Schneider DL, Kornfeld K. Lysosome-related organelles contain an expansion compartment that mediates delivery of zinc transporters to promote homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2307143121. [PMID: 38330011 PMCID: PMC10873617 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307143121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential nutrient-it is stored during periods of excess to promote detoxification and released during periods of deficiency to sustain function. Lysosome-related organelles (LROs) are an evolutionarily conserved site of zinc storage, but mechanisms that control the directional zinc flow necessary for homeostasis are not well understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells, the CDF-2 transporter stores zinc in LROs during excess. Here, we identify ZIPT-2.3 as the transporter that releases zinc during deficiency; ZIPT-2.3 transports zinc, localizes to the membrane of LROs in intestinal cells, and is necessary for zinc release from LROs and survival during zinc deficiency. In zinc excess and deficiency, the expression levels of CDF-2 and ZIPT-2.3 are reciprocally regulated at the level of mRNA and protein, establishing a fundamental mechanism for directional flow to promote homeostasis. To elucidate how the ratio of CDF-2 and ZIPT-2.3 is altered, we used super-resolution microscopy to demonstrate that LROs are composed of a spherical acidified compartment and a hemispherical expansion compartment. The expansion compartment increases in volume during zinc excess and deficiency. These results identify the expansion compartment as an unexpected structural feature of LROs that facilitates rapid transitions in the composition of zinc transporters to mediate homeostasis, likely minimizing the disturbance to the acidified compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelita D. Mendoza
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Nicholas Dietrich
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Chieh-Hsiang Tan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Daniel Herrera
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Jennysue Kasiah
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Zachary Payne
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Ciro Cubillas
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Daniel L. Schneider
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Kerry Kornfeld
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
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20
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Philippi H, Sommerfeld V, Monteiro A, Rodehutscord M, Olukosi OA. Impact of Trace Mineral Source and Phytase Supplementation on Prececal Phytate Degradation and Mineral Digestibility, Bone Mineralization, and Tissue Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04076-w. [PMID: 38329568 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04076-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine how different sources of Zn, Mn, and Cu in the feed without and with phytase affect prececal myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) breakdown to myo-inositol (MI), prececal P digestibility, bone mineralization, and expression of mineral transporters in the jejunum of broiler chickens. A total of 896 male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were distributed to 7 diets with 8 replicate pens (16 birds per floor pen). Experimental diets were fed from day 0 to 28. Diets were without or with phytase supplementation (0 or 750 FTU/kg) and were supplemented with three different trace mineral sources (TMS: sulfates, oxides, or chelates) containing 100 mg/kg Zn, 100 mg/kg Mn, and 125 mg/kg Cu. Prececal InsP6 disappearance and P digestibility were affected by interaction (phytase × TMS: P ≤ 0.010). In diets without phytase supplementation, prececal InsP6 disappearance and P digestibility were greater (P ≤ 0.001) in birds fed chelated minerals than in birds fed sulfates or oxides. However, no differences were observed between TMS in diets with phytase supplementation. Ileal MI concentration was increased by exogenous phytase but differed depending on TMS (phytase × TMS: P ≤ 0.050). Tibia ash concentration as well as Zn and Mn concentration in tibia ash were increased by phytase supplementation (P < 0.010), but the Cu concentration in tibia ash was not (P > 0.050). Gene expression of the assayed mineral transporters in the jejunum was not affected by diet (P > 0.050), except for Zn transporter 5 (phytase × TMS: P = 0.024). In conclusion, the tested TMS had minor effects on endogenous phytate degradation in the digestive tract of broiler chickens. However, in phytase-supplemented diets, the choice of TMS was not relevant to phytate degradation under the conditions of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Philippi
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vera Sommerfeld
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Markus Rodehutscord
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Oluyinka A Olukosi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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21
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Jota Baptista C, Seixas F, Gonzalo-Orden JM, Patinha C, Pato P, Ferreira da Silva E, Casero M, Brazio E, Brandão R, Costa D, Mateus TL, Coelho AC, Oliveira PA. The first full study of heavy metal(loid)s in western-European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) from Portugal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11983-11994. [PMID: 38225500 PMCID: PMC10869400 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The western-European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is an insectivore with a wide distribution in Portugal and a potential tool for biomonitoring relevant One Health hazards, including heavy metal(loid)s' pollution. The aim of this study was to positively contribute to the current knowledge about the metal(loid) pollution in Portugal. Forty-six hedgehogs (from rescue centres; with known provenance) were necropsied. Sex, age category and weight were determined. Spines, liver and kidney were collected, and metalloid concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). In general, results did not present alarming metal(loid) concentrations, with the exception of cadmium (Cd) (in the kidneys) and copper (Cu). Hedgehogs from Viana do Castelo and Viseu showed elevated concentrations of arsenic (As) and Castelo Branco presented concerning values of cadmium (Cd). Adult and heavier hedgehogs tended to present higher levels of metal(loid)s. Sex does not seem to significantly affect the metal(loid)s' concentrations. Further analysis would be needed to prioritize areas with detail and allow the application of the necessary mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Jota Baptista
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM); Egas Moniz School of Health &Science, Almada, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Carla Patinha
- GEOBIOTEC & Department of Geosciencie, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pato
- GEOBIOTEC & Department of Geosciencie, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - María Casero
- RIAS-ALDEIA - Wildlife Rehabilitation and Research Centre, Ria Formosa Natural Park, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Erica Brazio
- Lisbon Wildife Rescue center (LxCRAS), Forest park of Monsanto, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Brandão
- CERVAS-ALDEIA - Centre of Ecology, Wild animals' Rehabilitation and Surveillance, Gouveia, Portugal
| | - Daniela Costa
- CERVAS-ALDEIA - Centre of Ecology, Wild animals' Rehabilitation and Surveillance, Gouveia, Portugal
| | - Teresa L Mateus
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal
- CISAS-Centre for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability, Superior Agrarian School, Polytechical Institute of Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- EpiUnit - Public Health Institute of University of Porto, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C Coelho
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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22
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Nzabanita D, Mulder RA, Lettoof DC, Grist S, Hampton JO, Hufschmid J, Nugegoda D. Interactions Between Heavy Metal Exposure and Blood Biochemistry in an Urban Population of the Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) in Australia. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 86:178-186. [PMID: 38383776 PMCID: PMC10904524 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-024-01055-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
There is growing recognition of the threat posed to wildlife by pollutants. Waterbirds are robust bioindicators of ecosystem health, and metal toxicity is a threat to these species in waterways worldwide. Urban waterbirds are likely to be at the highest risk of heavy metal exposure, but this issue has not been widely explored in Australia. Our aim was to estimate contemporary heavy metal exposure in a sedentary urban waterbird population: black swans (Cygnus atratus) inhabiting an inner-city wetland in one of Australia's largest cities, Melbourne. To investigate the physiological implications of legacy heavy metal exposure in these birds, we quantified blood biochemistry profiles and examined their relationships with metal concentrations in feathers. We caught 15 swans in 2021 and took feather samples to measure the concentration of eight heavy metals (chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg)), and blood samples to measure the concentration of 13 plasma analytes. Multivariate regression analysis revealed few associations between heavy metals and biochemistry markers, and no differences between sexes or age classes. This study presents a baseline dataset of these contaminants and blood biochemical profiles of swans at this wetland that can be used for future monitoring and is an important step toward a better understanding of the threat posed by heavy metals to Australian urban waterbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Nzabanita
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Raoul A Mulder
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Damian C Lettoof
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Stephen Grist
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Jordan O Hampton
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC, 3030, Australia.
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Jasmin Hufschmid
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC, 3030, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
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23
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Gerni S, Özdemir H. Development of a new affinity chromatography method for purification of horseradish peroxidase enzyme. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:202-212. [PMID: 37904288 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, benzohydroxamic acid molecules were synthesized from methyl 4-amino-2-methoxy, methyl 4-amino-3-nitro, methyl 4-amino-3-methyl, and methyl 4-amino-3-chloro benzoate molecules, and the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme was purified in one step using the affinity chromatography technique for the first time. The IC50 and Ki values for the 4-amino 3-methyl benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 0.136 and 0.132 ± 0.054 μM, respectively, while the IC50 and Ki values for the 4-amino-3-nitro benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 56.00 and 51.90 ± 9.90 μM, respectively. It was found that the IC50 and Ki values for the 4-amino-3-chloro benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 218.33 and 175.67 ± 43.78 μM, respectively, whereas the IC50 and Ki values for the 4-amino-2-methoxy benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 306.00 and 218.00 ± 68.80 μM, respectively. The HRP enzyme was synthesized from 4-amino-2-methoxy hydroxamic acid column with a 35.97% yield 601.13 times, 4-amino-3-nitro hydroxamic acid column, with a 14.00% yield 404.11 times, 4-amino-3-methyl hydroxamic acid column with an 8.70% yield 394.88 times, and 4-amino-3-chloro hydroxamic acid column with a 4.48% yield 284.85 times. Thus, the HRP enzyme was purified in a single step with hydroxamic acids, and its molecular weight was found to be 44 kDa. The optimum pH was 8.0, the optimum temperature was 15°C, and the optimum ionic strength was 0.4 M for the purified HRP enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Gerni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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24
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Keane JA, Ealy AD. An Overview of Reactive Oxygen Species Damage Occurring during In Vitro Bovine Oocyte and Embryo Development and the Efficacy of Antioxidant Use to Limit These Adverse Effects. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:330. [PMID: 38275789 PMCID: PMC10812430 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The in vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos has gained popularity worldwide and in recent years and its use for producing embryos from genetically elite heifers and cows has surpassed the use of conventional superovulation-based embryo production schemes. There are, however, several issues with the IVP of embryos that remain unresolved. One limitation of special concern is the low efficiency of the IVP of embryos. Exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one reason why the production of embryos with IVP is diminished. These highly reactive molecules are generated in small amounts through normal cellular metabolism, but their abundances increase in embryo culture because of oocyte and embryo exposure to temperature fluctuations, light exposure, pH changes, atmospheric oxygen tension, suboptimal culture media formulations, and cryopreservation. When uncontrolled, ROS produce detrimental effects on the structure and function of genomic and mitochondrial DNA, alter DNA methylation, increase lipid membrane damage, and modify protein activity. Several intrinsic enzymatic pathways control ROS abundance and damage, and antioxidants react with and reduce the reactive potential of ROS. This review will focus on exploring the efficiency of supplementing several of these antioxidant molecules on oocyte maturation, sperm viability, fertilization, and embryo culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan D. Ealy
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA;
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25
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Chen S, Du T, Zhang H, Qi J, Zhang Y, Mu Y, Qiao A. Methods for improving the properties of zinc for the application of biodegradable vascular stents. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 156:213693. [PMID: 37992478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable stents can support vessels for an extended period, maintain vascular patency, and progressively degrade once vascular remodeling is completed, thereby reducing the constraints of traditional metal stents. An ideal degradable stent must have good mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility. Zinc has become a new type of biodegradable metal after magnesium and iron, owing to its suitable degradation rate and good biocompatibility. However, zinc's poor strength and ductility make it unsuitable as a vascular stent material. Therefore, this paper reviewed the primary methods for improving the overall properties of zinc. By discussing the mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility of various improvement strategies, we found that alloying is the most common, simple, and effective method to improve mechanical properties. Deformation processing can further improve the mechanical properties by changing the microstructures of zinc alloys. Surface modification is an important means to improve the biological activity, blood compatibility and corrosion resistance of zinc alloys. Meanwhile, structural design can not only improve the mechanical properties of the vascular stents, but also endow the stents with special properties such as negative Poisson 's ratio. Manufacturing zinc alloys with excellent degradation properties, improved mechanical properties and strong biocompatibility and exploring their mechanism of interaction with the human body remain areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Chen
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianming Du
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Hanbing Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongliang Mu
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Aike Qiao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
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26
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Budzko L, Hoffa-Sobiech K, Jackowiak P, Figlerowicz M. Engineered deaminases as a key component of DNA and RNA editing tools. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 34:102062. [PMID: 38028200 PMCID: PMC10661471 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Over recent years, zinc-dependent deaminases have attracted increasing interest as key components of nucleic acid editing tools that can generate point mutations at specific sites in either DNA or RNA by combining a targeting module (such as a catalytically impaired CRISPR-Cas component) and an effector module (most often a deaminase). Deaminase-based molecular tools are already being utilized in a wide spectrum of therapeutic and research applications; however, their medical and biotechnological potential seems to be much greater. Recent reports indicate that the further development of nucleic acid editing systems depends largely on our ability to engineer the substrate specificity and catalytic activity of the editors themselves. In this review, we summarize the current trends and achievements in deaminase engineering. The presented data indicate that the potential of these enzymes has not yet been fully revealed or understood. Several examples show that even relatively minor changes in the structure of deaminases can give them completely new and unique properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Budzko
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Hoffa-Sobiech
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Jackowiak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Figlerowicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
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27
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Ushimaru R, Abe I. Assembling neuroactive alkaloids. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:1946-1947. [PMID: 38066291 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richiro Ushimaru
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ikuro Abe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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28
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Yagasaki H, Narusawa H, Watanabe D, Kobayashi K, Mitsui H, Asano Y, Nagata M, Yonei A, Inukai T. Novel TRPS1 frameshift variant in tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type I accompanied by zinc deficiency. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104870. [PMID: 37879495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type I (TRPS1), caused by pathogenic variants in the transcriptional repressor GATA-binding 1 gene (TRPS1), is characterized by ectodermal and skeletal anomalies including short stature and sparse scalp hair during infancy. TRPS1 encodes a zinc finger protein transcription factor that contributes to bone homeostasis by regulating perichondral mineralization, chondrocyte proliferation, and apoptosis. Here, a male infant aged 14 months presented with sparse scalp hair, deformed nails, fused teeth, and postnatal growth retardation without neurodevelopmental disorder. As endocrinological measurements revealed low serum zinc levels, he was treated with zinc acetate hydrate, which improved his growth velocity and scalp hair. Whole-exome sequencing revealed that this patient harbored a novel pathogenic de novo heterozygous TRPS1 frameshift variant, c.2819_2822del, p.(His940Argfs*6). Zinc deficiency induces zinc finger protein dysfunction via effects on protein folding and assembly, affecting target gene transcription and apoptosis. The symptoms of TRPS1 are similar to those caused by inadequate levels of zinc, an essential trace element with important roles in tissue growth and repair. Accompanying zinc deficiency may have affected the function of important zinc finger proteins, resulting in phenotypic deterioration. Analysis of zinc metabolism in patients harboring TRPS1 variants will enhance understanding the variety of phenotypes of TRPS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Yagasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Hiromune Narusawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koji Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitsui
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho Nagata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yonei
- Department of Genetic Counseling, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inukai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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29
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Yang J, Guo Y, Hu J, Bao Z, Wang M. A metallothionein gene from hard clam Meretrix meretrix: Sequence features, expression patterns, and metal tolerance activities. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 149:105057. [PMID: 37708948 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular weight cytoplasmic heavy metal binding proteins. MTs can regulate the concentration of essential or non-essential metals in organisms, and have many important biological functions, including detoxification, trace element metabolism, and anti-oxidation. In the present study, we cloned and characterized a metallothionein gene (designated as MmMT) from the hard clam Meretrix meretrix. The complete cDNA sequence of MmMT contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 629 bp, which encoded a protein of 76 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 7.66 kDa and a calculated theoretical isoelectric point of 7.24. MmMT is highly similar to previously identified MTs from other species, with typical metallothionein features such as a high cysteine residue content and the absence of histidine and aromatic residues. The mRNA transcripts of MmMT were prevalent in all the tested tissues, and the expression levels of MmMT were highest in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes. During the stimulation of Vibrio splendidus, the mRNA transcripts of MmMT in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes were significantly increased. The Escherichia coli overexpressing MmMT performed strong growth in the media supplemented with CdCl2 and CuSO4 compared to the control strains. These results provide useful information for further investigation of the functions of MmMT in metal detoxification and the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Ying Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Jingjie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China.
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30
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Nett RS, Dho Y, Tsai C, Passow D, Martinez Grundman J, Low YY, Sattely ES. Plant carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes in neuroactive alkaloid biosynthesis. Nature 2023; 624:182-191. [PMID: 37938780 PMCID: PMC10700139 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants synthesize numerous alkaloids that mimic animal neurotransmitters1. The diversity of alkaloid structures is achieved through the generation and tailoring of unique carbon scaffolds2,3, yet many neuroactive alkaloids belong to a scaffold class for which no biosynthetic route or enzyme catalyst is known. By studying highly coordinated, tissue-specific gene expression in plants that produce neuroactive Lycopodium alkaloids4, we identified an unexpected enzyme class for alkaloid biosynthesis: neofunctionalized α-carbonic anhydrases (CAHs). We show that three CAH-like (CAL) proteins are required in the biosynthetic route to a key precursor of the Lycopodium alkaloids by catalysing a stereospecific Mannich-like condensation and subsequent bicyclic scaffold generation. Also, we describe a series of scaffold tailoring steps that generate the optimized acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity of huperzine A5. Our findings suggest a broader involvement of CAH-like enzymes in specialized metabolism and demonstrate how successive scaffold tailoring can drive potency against a neurological protein target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Nett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- HHMI, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Yaereen Dho
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chun Tsai
- HHMI, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daria Passow
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elizabeth S Sattely
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- HHMI, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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31
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Philippi H, Sommerfeld V, Olukosi OA, Windisch W, Monteiro A, Rodehutscord M. Effect of dietary zinc source, zinc concentration, and exogenous phytase on intestinal phytate degradation products, bone mineralization, and zinc status of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103160. [PMID: 37856908 PMCID: PMC10591006 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of Zn source and dietary level on intestinal myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) disappearance, intestinal accumulation of lower InsP and myo-inositol (MI), prececal mineral digestibility, bone mineralization, and Zn status of broilers without and with exogenous phytase in the feed. Male Ross 308 broilers were allocated in groups of 10 to 8 treatments with 8 pens each. Experimental diets were fed from d 7 to d 28 and contained 33 mg/kg dry matter plant-intrinsic Zn. Experimental factors were phytase supplementation (0 or 750 FTU/kg) and Zn source (none [0 mg/kg Zn], Zn-sulfate [30 mg/kg Zn], Zn-oxide [30 mg/kg Zn]). Additional treatments with 90 mg/kg Zn as Zn-sulfate or Zn-oxide and phytase were included to test the effect of Zn level. No Zn source or Zn level effects were observed for ADG, feed conversion ratio, prececal P digestibility, intestinal InsP6 disappearance, and bone ash concentration. However, those measurements were increased by exogenous phytase (P < 0.001), except the feed conversion ratio, which was decreased (P < 0.001). Ileal MI concentrations were affected by phytase × Zn source interaction (P < 0.030). Birds receiving exogenous phytase and Zn supplementation had the highest MI concentrations regardless of exogenous Zn source, whereas MI concentrations were intermediate for birds receiving exogenous phytase only. Exogenous phytase and exogenous Zn source increased the Zn concentration in bone and blood of broilers (P < 0.001). In conclusion, measures of exogenous phytase efficacy were not affected by phytase × Zn source interaction. Further studies are needed to rule out an effect from Zn sources other than those tested in this study and to investigate the effect of Zn supplementation on endogenous phosphatases. The missing effect of increasing Zn supplementation from 30 to 90 mg/kg in phytase-supplemented diets gives reason to reconsider the Zn supplementation level used by the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Philippi
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Vera Sommerfeld
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Oluyinka A Olukosi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Wilhelm Windisch
- Chair of Animal Nutrition, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | | | - Markus Rodehutscord
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany.
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32
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Li Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Wu M, Li C, Yang J, Wang L. Environmental concentrations of cadmium and zinc and associating metabolomics profile alternations in urine of pregnant women in the first trimester: A prospective cohort study in Taiyuan, North China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115611. [PMID: 37897977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
especially to pregnant women. In recent years, zinc (Zn) supplementation has attracted increasing attention among pregnant women. Thus, understanding the effects and interactions of Cd and Zn in pregnant women is critical. This study aimed to assess the urinary levels of Cd and Zn in pregnant women during early pregnancy, examine associated alterations in urine metabolomics, and identify potential metabolic biomarkers among distinct Cd and Zn groups. Urine samples from 185 pregnant women were collected, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to detect Cd and Zn contents. The women were then divided into four groups according to median contents of Cd and Zn. Alterations in the metabolite profile were assessed using a liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS). The results showed that the gravidity of pregnant women was closely related to urinary Cd levels and that the urinary Zn contents of pregnant women with morning sickness in the first trimester were lower than that of non-morning-sick pregnant women. A total of 51 metabolites exhibited significant differential expression in the high level of Cd and Zn (HCdHZn) compared with low level of Cd and Zn (LCdLZn), the diagnostic performance of these 51 metabolites were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and revealed that octadecylamine was a promising diagnostic indicator for evaluating the combined effects of Zn and Cd. Metabolomics analysis showed that the arginine and proline pathways were upregulated in HCdHZn compared with that in LCdLZn, suggesting a potential risk of obesity. Although higer levels of bovinic acid in HCdHZn vs. HCdLZn (high level of Cd and low level of Zn) indicated that Zn has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, excessive Zn may still cause harmful effect to the human health and should be supplemented with caution. The study findings may be valuable for potential risk ahissessment of the combined effects of Cd-Zn and their interactions in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Liuyuan Zhang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Meiqiong Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Changqing Li
- Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of prevention and health care, Shanxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Tamrakar A, Kumar P, Garg N, Luis SV, Pandey MD. Intracellular Zn(II) induced turn-on fluorescence of an L-phenylalanine-derived pseudopeptide. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8823-8828. [PMID: 37906437 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01337e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
A C2 symmetric L-phenylalanine-derived pseudopeptide has been synthesized for selective and sensitive recognition of Zn(II) ions in aqueous-organic media. The pseudopeptidic probes exhibit intracellular Zn(II) ion-sensing capabilities as demonstrated via live-cell fluorescence studies on RAW264.7 cells. Hence, we present a bioinspired pseudopeptide for potential biological applications involving intracellular Zn(II) ion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpna Tamrakar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Neha Garg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Santiago V Luis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. SosBaynat, s/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Mrituanjay D Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
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Potok P, Kola A, Valensin D, Capdevila M, Potocki S. Copper Forms a PPII Helix-Like Structure with the Catalytic Domains of Bacterial Zinc Metalloproteases. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18425-18439. [PMID: 37909295 PMCID: PMC10647932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria continuously raises concerns about the future ineffectiveness of current antimicrobial treatments against infectious diseases. To address this problem, new therapeutic strategies and antimicrobial drugs with unique modes of action are urgently needed. Inhibition of metalloproteases, bacterial virulence factors, is a promising target for the development of antibacterial treatments. In this study, the interaction among Zn(II), Cu(II), and the metal-binding domains of two metalloproteases, AprA (Pseudomonas aureginosa) and CpaA (Acinetobacter baumanii), was investigated. The objective was to determine the coordination sphere of Zn(II) with a peptide model of two zinc-dependent metalloproteases. Additionally, the study explored the formation of Cu(II) complexes with the domains, as Cu(II) has been shown to inhibit metalloproteases. The third aim was to understand the role of nonbinding amino acids in stabilizing the metal complexes formed by these proteases. This work identified specific coordination patterns (HExxHxxxxxH) for both Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes, with AprA and CpaA exhibiting a higher affinity for Cu(II) compared to Zn(II). The study also found that the CpaA domain has greater stability for both Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes compared to AprA. The nonbinding amino acids of CpaA surrounding the metal ion contribute to the increased thermodynamic stability of the metal-peptide complex through various intramolecular interactions. These interactions can also influence the secondary structures of the peptides. The presence of certain amino acids, such as tyrosine, arginine, and glutamic acid, and their interactions contribute to the stability and, only in the case of Cu(II) complexes, the formation of a rare protein structure called a left-handed polyproline II helix (PPII), which is known to play a role in the stability and function of various proteins. These findings provide valuable insights into the coordination chemistry of bacterial metalloproteases and expand our understanding of potential mechanisms for inhibiting these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Potok
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Arian Kola
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Valensin
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Merce Capdevila
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Sławomir Potocki
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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Kumar V, Kalita J, Misra UK, Parashar V. Stunting and wasting in neurological Wilson disease: Role of copper, zinc, and insulin-like growth factor-I. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:653-664. [PMID: 37580872 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are important trace elements for the growth and development of children. In Wilson disease (WD), impaired Cu metabolism may affect growth. This study was conducted to evaluate the height and weight of children with neurological WD and correlate these with serum Cu, Zn, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching institute. Children with neurologic WD were included. The height, weight, and body-mass index of each child were measured and categorized according to the revised national growth chart. Serum Cu, Zn, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and urinary-Cu were measured. Serum IGF-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between height and weight with trace elements and IGF was analyzed using parametric or non-parametric tests. RESULTS There were 52 children (5-18 years) with neurologic WD. Thirty-six (69.2%) children had normal height, 12 (23.1%) were tall, and 4 (7.7%) were stunted. Forty-six (88.5%) children had normal weight and six (11.5%) children were underweight. IGF-1 correlated with height, weight, duration of treatment, and serum Zn level. About 15.4% of children had stunting and/or wasting, which was associated with low levels of serum IGF-I, Zn, and calcium. CONCLUSIONS Stunting and/or wasting occurs in 15.4% of children with neurologic WD and is associated with reduced serum IGF-I, Zn, and calcium concentration. Adjunctive Zn and calcium treatment may help in achieving normal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jayantee Kalita
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Usha Kant Misra
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- Apollomedic Super Specialty Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vasudev Parashar
- Department of Neurology, SMS Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, India
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Dym O, Aggarwal N, Ashani Y, Leader H, Albeck S, Unger T, Hamer-Rogotner S, Silman I, Tawfik DS, Sussman JL. The impact of molecular variants, crystallization conditions and the space group on ligand-protein complexes: a case study on bacterial phosphotriesterase. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2023; 79:992-1009. [PMID: 37860961 PMCID: PMC10619419 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798323007672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A bacterial phosphotriesterase was employed as an experimental paradigm to examine the effects of multiple factors, such as the molecular constructs, the ligands used during protein expression and purification, the crystallization conditions and the space group, on the visualization of molecular complexes of ligands with a target enzyme. In this case, the ligands used were organophosphates that are fragments of the nerve agents and insecticides on which the enzyme acts as a bioscavenger. 12 crystal structures of various phosphotriesterase constructs obtained by directed evolution were analyzed, with resolutions of up to 1.38 Å. Both apo forms and holo forms, complexed with the organophosphate ligands, were studied. Crystals obtained from three different crystallization conditions, crystallized in four space groups, with and without N-terminal tags, were utilized to investigate the impact of these factors on visualizing the organophosphate complexes of the enzyme. The study revealed that the tags used for protein expression can lodge in the active site and hinder ligand binding. Furthermore, the space group in which the protein crystallizes can significantly impact the visualization of bound ligands. It was also observed that the crystallization precipitants can compete with, and even preclude, ligand binding, leading to false positives or to the incorrect identification of lead drug candidates. One of the co-crystallization conditions enabled the definition of the spaces that accommodate the substituents attached to the P atom of several products of organophosphate substrates after detachment of the leaving group. The crystal structures of the complexes of phosphotriesterase with the organophosphate products reveal similar short interaction distances of the two partially charged O atoms of the P-O bonds with the exposed β-Zn2+ ion and the buried α-Zn2+ ion. This suggests that both Zn2+ ions have a role in stabilizing the transition state for substrate hydrolysis. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the challenges and considerations involved in studying the crystal structures of ligand-protein complexes, highlighting the importance of careful experimental design and rigorous data analysis in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the resulting phosphotriesterase-organophosphate structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Dym
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nidhi Aggarwal
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yacov Ashani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Haim Leader
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shira Albeck
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamar Unger
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shelly Hamer-Rogotner
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dan S. Tawfik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joel L. Sussman
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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37
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Kellnerová S, Huber S, Massri M, Fleischer V, Losso K, Sarg B, Kremser L, Talasz H, He X, Varrone E, Brigotti M, Ardissino G, Orth-Höller D, Würzner R. Enzymatic Cleavage of Stx2a in the Gut and Identification of Pancreatic Elastase and Trypsin as Possible Main Cleavers. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2487. [PMID: 37894145 PMCID: PMC10609011 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxins (Stxs), especially the Stx2a subtype, are the major virulence factors involved in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (eHUS), a life-threatening disease causing acute kidney injury, especially in children. After oral transmission and colonization in the gut, EHEC release Stx. Intracellular cleavage of the Stx A subunit, when followed by reduction, boosts the enzymatic activity that causes damage to targeted cells. This cleavage was assumed to be mostly mediated by furin during Stx intracellular trafficking. To investigate whether this cleavage could occur in the intestine, even prior to entering target cells, Stx2a A subunit structure (intact or cleaved) was characterized after its exposure to specific host factors present in human stool. The molecular weight of Stx2a A subunit/fragments was determined by immunoblotting after electrophoretic separation under reducing conditions. In this study, it was demonstrated that Stx2a is cleaved by certain human stool components. Trypsin and chymotrypsin-like elastase 3B (CELA3B), two serine proteases, were identified as potential candidates that can trigger the extracellular cleavage of Stx2a A subunit directly after its secretion by EHEC in the gut. Whether the observed cleavage indeed translates to natural infections and plays a role in eHUS pathogenesis has yet to be determined. If so, it seems likely that a host's protease profile could affect disease development by changing the toxin's biological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Kellnerová
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.K.); (S.H.); (M.M.); (V.F.)
| | - Silke Huber
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.K.); (S.H.); (M.M.); (V.F.)
| | - Mariam Massri
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.K.); (S.H.); (M.M.); (V.F.)
| | - Verena Fleischer
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.K.); (S.H.); (M.M.); (V.F.)
| | - Klemens Losso
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, MCI|The Entrepreneurial School, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Sarg
- Protein Core Facility, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (B.S.); (L.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Leopold Kremser
- Protein Core Facility, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (B.S.); (L.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Heribert Talasz
- Protein Core Facility, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (B.S.); (L.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Xiaohua He
- Western Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 74710, USA;
| | - Elisa Varrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (E.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Maurizio Brigotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (E.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Gianluigi Ardissino
- Center for HUS Prevention, Control and Management at Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Dorothea Orth-Höller
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.K.); (S.H.); (M.M.); (V.F.)
- MB-LAB–Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reinhard Würzner
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.K.); (S.H.); (M.M.); (V.F.)
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38
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Essien C, Jiang L, Wang D, Xu D. Prediction of Protein Ion-Ligand Binding Sites with ELECTRA. Molecules 2023; 28:6793. [PMID: 37836636 PMCID: PMC10574437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between proteins and ions are essential for various biological functions like structural stability, metabolism, and signal transport. Given that more than half of all proteins bind to ions, it is becoming crucial to identify ion-binding sites. The accurate identification of protein-ion binding sites helps us to understand proteins' biological functions and plays a significant role in drug discovery. While several computational approaches have been proposed, this remains a challenging problem due to the small size and high versatility of metals and acid radicals. In this study, we propose IonPred, a sequence-based approach that employs ELECTRA (Efficiently Learning an Encoder that Classifies Token Replacements Accurately) to predict ion-binding sites using only raw protein sequences. We successfully fine-tuned our pretrained model to predict the binding sites for nine metal ions (Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+, and K+) and four acid radical ion ligands (CO32-, SO42-, PO43-, NO2-). IonPred surpassed six current state-of-the-art tools by over 44.65% and 28.46%, respectively, in the F1 score and MCC when compared on an independent test dataset. Our method is more computationally efficient than existing tools, producing prediction results for a hundred sequences for a specific ion in under ten minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (C.E.); (L.J.); (D.W.)
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39
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Chan AN, Chen X, Falco JA, Bak DW, Weerapana E, Li B. Chemoproteomics Reveals Disruption of Metal Homeostasis and Metalloproteins by the Antibiotic Holomycin. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1909-1914. [PMID: 37561838 PMCID: PMC10569480 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The natural product holomycin contains a unique cyclic ene-disulfide and exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. Reduced holomycin chelates metal ions with a high affinity and disrupts metal homeostasis in the cell. To identify cellular metalloproteins inhibited by holomycin, reactive-cysteine profiling was performed using isotopic tandem orthogonal proteolysis-activity-based protein profiling (isoTOP-ABPP). This chemoproteomic analysis demonstrated that holomycin treatment increases the reactivity of metal-coordinating cysteine residues in several zinc-dependent and iron-sulfur cluster-dependent enzymes, including carbonic anhydrase II and fumarase A. We validated that holomycin inhibits fumarase A activity in bacterial cells and diminishes the presence of iron-sulfur clusters in fumarase A. Whole-proteome abundance analysis revealed that holomycin treatment induces zinc and iron starvation and cellular stress. This study suggests that holomycin inhibits bacterial growth by impairing the functions of multiple metalloenzymes and sets the stage for investigating the impact of metal-binding molecules on metalloproteomes by using chemoproteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Julia A Falco
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Daniel W Bak
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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40
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Chen J, Calderone LA, Pan L, Quist T, Pandelia ME. The Fe and Zn cofactor dilemma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2023; 1871:140931. [PMID: 37353133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2023.140931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Fe and Zn ions are essential enzymatic cofactors across all domains of life. Fe is an electron donor/acceptor in redox enzymes, while Zn is typically a structural element or catalytic component in hydrolases. Interestingly, the presence of Zn in oxidoreductases and Fe in hydrolases challenge this apparent functional dichotomy. In hydrolases, Fe either substitutes for Zn or specifically catalyzes certain reactions. On the other hand, Zn can replace divalent Fe and substitute for more complex Fe assemblies, known as Fe-S clusters. Although many zinc-binding proteins interchangeably harbor Zn and Fe-S clusters, these cofactors are only sometimes functional proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Logan A Calderone
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Luying Pan
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Trent Quist
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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41
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Savitikadi P, Palika R, Pullakhandam R, Reddy GB, Reddy SS. Dietary zinc inadequacy affects neurotrophic factors and proteostasis in the rat brain. Nutr Res 2023; 116:80-88. [PMID: 37421933 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency has many adverse effects, including growth retardation, loss of appetite, vascular diseases, cognitive and memory impairment, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the current study, we investigated the hypothesis that dietary Zn inadequacy affects neurotrophic factors and proteostasis in the brain. Three-week-old Wistar/Kyoto male rats were fed either a Zn-deficient diet (D; < 1 mg Zn/kg diet; n = 18) or pair-fed with the control diet (C; 48 mg Zn/kg diet; n = 9) for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the rats in the D group were subdivided into two groups (n = 9), in which one group continued to receive a Zn-deficient diet, whereas the other received a Zn-supplemented diet (R; 48 mg Zn/kg diet) for 3 more weeks, after which the rats were sacrificed to collect their brain tissue. Markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, and apoptosis, along with neurotrophic factors, were investigated by immunoblotting. Proteasomal activity was analyzed by the spectrofluorometric method. The results showed an altered ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy components and increased gliosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis markers in Zn-deficient rats compared with the control group. Zinc repletion for 3 weeks could partially restore these alterations, indicating a necessity for an extended duration of Zn supplementation. In conclusion, a decline in Zn concentrations below a critical threshold may trigger multiple pathways, leading to brain-cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandarinath Savitikadi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, 500 007
| | - Ravindranadh Palika
- Drug Safety Division, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, 500 007
| | - Raghu Pullakhandam
- Drug Safety Division, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, 500 007
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, 500 007
| | - S Sreenivasa Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, 500 007.
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Kushwah AS, Dixit H, Upadhyay V, Yadav S, Verma SK, Prasad R. Elucidating the zinc-binding proteome of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici with particular emphasis on zinc-binding effector proteins. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:298. [PMID: 37516670 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici is a soil-borne phytopathogenic species which causes vascular wilt disease in the Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). Due to the continuous competition for zinc usage by Fusarium and its host during infection makes zinc-binding proteins a hotspot for focused investigation. Zinc-binding effector proteins are pivotal during the infection process, working in conjunction with other essential proteins crucial for its biological activities. This work aims at identifying and analysing zinc-binding proteins and zinc-binding proteins effector candidates of Fusarium. We have identified three hundred forty-six putative zinc-binding proteins; among these proteins, we got two hundred and thirty zinc-binding proteins effector candidates. The functional annotation, subcellular localization, and Gene Ontology analysis of these putative zinc-binding proteins revealed their probable role in wide range of cellular and biological processes such as metabolism, gene expression, gene expression regulation, protein biosynthesis, protein folding, cell signalling, DNA repair, and RNA processing. Sixteen proteins were found to be putatively secretory in nature. Eleven of these were putative zinc-binding protein effector candidates may be involved in pathogen-host interaction during infection. The information obtained here may enhance our understanding to design, screen, and apply the zinc-metal ion-based antifungal agents to protect the S. lycopersicum and control the vascular wilt caused by F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Singh Kushwah
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Himisha Dixit
- Centre for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Vipin Upadhyay
- Centre for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Siddharth Yadav
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Shailender Kumar Verma
- Centre for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Ramasare Prasad
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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Śmiłowicz D, Eisenberg S, LaForest R, Whetter J, Hariharan A, Bordenca J, Johnson CJ, Boros E. Metal-Mediated, Autolytic Amide Bond Cleavage: A Strategy for the Selective, Metal Complexation-Catalyzed, Controlled Release of Metallodrugs. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:16261-16270. [PMID: 37434328 PMCID: PMC10530410 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Activation of metalloprodrugs or prodrug activation using transition metal catalysts represents emerging strategies for drug development; however, they are frequently hampered by poor spatiotemporal control and limited catalytic turnover. Here, we demonstrate that metal complex-mediated, autolytic release of active metallodrugs can be successfully employed to prepare clinical grade (radio-)pharmaceuticals. Optimization of the Lewis-acidic metal ion, chelate, amino acid linker, and biological targeting vector provides means to release peptide-based (radio-)metallopharmaceuticals in solution and from the solid phase using metal-mediated, autolytic amide bond cleavage (MMAAC). Our findings indicate that coordinative polarization of an amide bond by strong, trivalent Lewis acids such as Ga3+ and Sc3+ adjacent to serine results in the N, O acyl shift and hydrolysis of the corresponding ester without dissociation of the corresponding metal complex. Compound [68Ga]Ga-10, incorporating a cleavable and noncleavable functionalization, was used to demonstrate that only the amide bond-adjacent serine effectively triggered hydrolysis in solution and from the solid phase. The corresponding solid-phase released compound [68Ga]Ga-8 demonstrated superior in vivo performance in a mouse tumor model compared to [68Ga]Ga-8 produced using conventional, solution-phase radiolabeling. A second proof-of-concept system, [67Ga]Ga-17A (serine-linked) and [67Ga]Ga-17B (glycine-linked) binding to serum albumin via the incorporated ibuprofen moiety, was also synthesized. These constructs demonstrated that complete hydrolysis of the corresponding [68Ga]Ga-NOTA complex from [67Ga]Ga-17A can be achieved in naïve mice within 12 h, as traceable in urine and blood metabolites. The glycine-linked control [68Ga]Ga-17B remained intact. Conclusively, MMAAC provides an attractive tool for selective, thermal, and metal ion-mediated control of metallodrug activation compatible with biological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Śmiłowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Shawn Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Rochelle LaForest
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Jennifer Whetter
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Annapoorani Hariharan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Jake Bordenca
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Christopher J Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Shao M, Wu H, Wang B, Zhang X, Gao X, Jiang M, Su R, Shen X. Identification and Characterization of Novel ACE Inhibitory and Antioxidant Peptides from Sardina pilchardus Hydrolysate. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112216. [PMID: 37297461 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sardina pilchardus is a valuable source of bioactive peptides with potential applications in functional foods. In this study, we investigated the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Sardina pilchardus protein hydrolysate (SPH) produced using dispase and alkaline protease. Our results showed that the low molecular mass fractions (<3 kDa) obtained through ultrafiltration exhibited more effective ACE inhibition, as indicated by screening with ACE inhibitory activity. We further identified the low molecular mass fractions (<3 kDa) using an LC-MS/MS rapid screening strategy. A total of 37 peptides with potential ACE inhibitory activity were identified based on high biological activity scores, non-toxicity, good solubility, and novelty. Molecular docking was used to screen for peptides with ACE inhibitory activity, resulting in the identification of 11 peptides with higher -CDOCKER ENERGY and -CDOCKER INTERACTION ENERGY scores than lisinopril. The sequences FIGR, FILR, FQRL, FRAL, KFL, and KLF were obtained by synthesizing and validating these 11 peptides in vitro, all of which had ACE inhibitory activity, as well as zinc-chelating capacity. All six peptides were found to bind to the three active pockets (S1, S2, and S1') of ACE during molecular docking, indicating that their inhibition patterns were competitive. Further analysis of the structural characteristics of these peptides indicated that all six peptides contain phenylalanine, which suggests that they may possess antioxidant activities. After experimental verification, it was found that all six of these peptides have antioxidant activities, and we also found that the SPH and ultrafiltration fractions of SPH had antioxidant activities. These findings suggest that Sardina pilchardus may be a potential source of natural antioxidants and ACE inhibitors for the development of functional foods, and using LC-MS/MS in combination with an online database and molecular docking represents a promising, effective, and accurate approach for the discovery of novel ACE inhibitory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Shao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haixing Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bohui Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xia Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Mengqi Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruiheng Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuanri Shen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Keller MR, Dörr T. Bacterial metabolism and susceptibility to cell wall-active antibiotics. Adv Microb Physiol 2023; 83:181-219. [PMID: 37507159 PMCID: PMC11024984 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are increasingly resistant to antimicrobial therapy. Intense research focus has thus been placed on identifying the mechanisms that bacteria use to resist killing or growth inhibition by antibiotics and the ways in which bacteria share these traits with one another. This work has led to the advancement of new drugs, combination therapy regimens, and a deeper appreciation for the adaptability seen in microorganisms. However, while the primary mechanisms of action of most antibiotics are well understood, the more subtle contributions of bacterial metabolic state to repairing or preventing damage caused by antimicrobials (thereby promoting survival) are still understudied. Here, we review a modern viewpoint on a classical system: examining bacterial metabolism's connection to antibiotic susceptibility. We dive into the relationship between metabolism and antibiotic efficacy through the lens of growth rate, energy state, resource allocation, and the infection environment, focusing on cell wall-active antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Renee Keller
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Tobias Dörr
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
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46
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Babijczuk K, Warżajtis B, Starzyk J, Mrówczyńska L, Jasiewicz B, Rychlewska U. Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity of Indole-Imidazole Complexes with ZnCl 2: Can Coordination Enhance the Functionality of Bioactive Ligands? Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104132. [PMID: 37241873 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of the indole-imidazole hybrid ligands to coordinate with the Zn(II) ion and the resulting structures of this new class of coordination compounds were analyzed in order to determine their structural properties and biological functionalities. For this purpose, six novel Zn(II) complexes, [Zn(InIm)2Cl2] (1), [Zn(InMeIm)2Cl2] (2), [Zn(IniPrIm)2Cl2] (3), [Zn(InEtMeIm)2Cl2] (4), [Zn(InPhIm)2Cl2] (5) and [Zn2(InBzIm)2Cl2] (6) (where InIm is 3-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-indole), were synthesized by the reactions of ZnCl2 and the corresponding ligand in a 1:2 molar ratio in methanol solvent at an ambient temperature. The structural and spectral characterization of these complexes was performed using NMR, FT-IR and ESI-MS spectrometry and elemental analysis, and the crystal structures of 1-5 were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1-5 form polar supramolecular aggregates by utilizing, for this purpose, the N-H(indole)∙∙∙Cl(chloride) intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The assemblies thus formed differ depending on the distinctive molecular shape, which can be either compact or extended. All complexes were screened for their hemolytic, cytoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. The results show that the cytoprotective activity of the indole/imidazole ligand significantly increases upon its complexation with ZnCl2 up to a value comparable with the standard antioxidant Trolox, while the response of its substituted analogues is diverse and less pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Babijczuk
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Warżajtis
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Starzyk
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, University of Life Science, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Jasiewicz
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Urszula Rychlewska
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Dürr SL, Levy A, Rothlisberger U. Metal3D: a general deep learning framework for accurate metal ion location prediction in proteins. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2713. [PMID: 37169763 PMCID: PMC10175565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal ions are essential cofactors for many proteins and play a crucial role in many applications such as enzyme design or design of protein-protein interactions because they are biologically abundant, tether to the protein using strong interactions, and have favorable catalytic properties. Computational design of metalloproteins is however hampered by the complex electronic structure of many biologically relevant metals such as zinc . In this work, we develop two tools - Metal3D (based on 3D convolutional neural networks) and Metal1D (solely based on geometric criteria) to improve the location prediction of zinc ions in protein structures. Comparison with other currently available tools shows that Metal3D is the most accurate zinc ion location predictor to date with predictions within 0.70 ± 0.64 Å of experimental locations. Metal3D outputs a confidence metric for each predicted site and works on proteins with few homologes in the protein data bank. Metal3D predicts a global zinc density that can be used for annotation of computationally predicted structures and a per residue zinc density that can be used in protein design workflows. Currently trained on zinc, the framework of Metal3D is readily extensible to other metals by modifying the training data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon L Dürr
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Levy
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Schmollinger S, Chen S, Merchant SS. Quantitative elemental imaging in eukaryotic algae. Metallomics 2023; 15:mfad025. [PMID: 37186252 PMCID: PMC10209819 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
All organisms, fundamentally, are made from the same raw material, namely the elements of the periodic table. Biochemical diversity is achieved by how these elements are utilized, for what purpose, and in which physical location. Determining elemental distributions, especially those of trace elements that facilitate metabolism as cofactors in the active centers of essential enzymes, can determine the state of metabolism, the nutritional status, or the developmental stage of an organism. Photosynthetic eukaryotes, especially algae, are excellent subjects for quantitative analysis of elemental distribution. These microbes utilize unique metabolic pathways that require various trace nutrients at their core to enable their operation. Photosynthetic microbes also have important environmental roles as primary producers in habitats with limited nutrient supplies or toxin contaminations. Accordingly, photosynthetic eukaryotes are of great interest for biotechnological exploitation, carbon sequestration, and bioremediation, with many of the applications involving various trace elements and consequently affecting their quota and intracellular distribution. A number of diverse applications were developed for elemental imaging, allowing subcellular resolution, with X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM, XRF) being at the forefront, enabling quantitative descriptions of intact cells in a non-destructive method. This Tutorial Review summarizes the workflow of a quantitative, single-cell elemental distribution analysis of a eukaryotic alga using XFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmollinger
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology and Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Si Chen
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology and Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Giannuzzi D, Mota LFM, Pegolo S, Tagliapietra F, Schiavon S, Gallo L, Marsan PA, Trevisi E, Cecchinato A. Prediction of detailed blood metabolic profile using milk infrared spectra and machine learning methods in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:3321-3344. [PMID: 37028959 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of preventive management decisions is crucial to dealing with metabolic impairments in dairy cattle. Various serum metabolites are known to be useful indicators of the health status of cows. In this study, we used milk Fourier-transform mid-infrared (FTIR) spectra and various machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop prediction equations for a panel of 29 blood metabolites, including those related to energy metabolism, liver function/hepatic damage, oxidative stress, inflammation/innate immunity, and minerals. For most traits, the data set comprised observations from 1,204 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows belonging to 5 herds. An exception was represented by β-hydroxybutyrate prediction, which contained observations from 2,701 multibreed cows pertaining to 33 herds. The best predictive model was developed using an automatic ML algorithm that tested various methods, including elastic net, distributed random forest, gradient boosting machine, artificial neural network, and stacking ensemble. These ML predictions were compared with partial least squares regression, the most commonly used method for FTIR prediction of blood traits. Performance of each model was evaluated using 2 cross-validation (CV) scenarios: 5-fold random (CVr) and herd-out (CVh). We also tested the best model's ability to classify values precisely in the 2 extreme tails, namely, the 25th (Q25) and 75th (Q75) percentiles (true-positive prediction scenario). Compared with partial least squares regression, ML algorithms achieved more accurate performance. Specifically, elastic net increased the R2 value from 5% to 75% for CVr and 2% to 139% for CVh, whereas the stacking ensemble increased the R2 value from 4% to 70% for CVr and 4% to 150% for CVh. Considering the best model, with the CVr scenario, good prediction accuracies were obtained for glucose (R2 = 0.81), urea (R2 = 0.73), albumin (R2 = 0.75), total reactive oxygen metabolites (R2 = 0.79), total thiol groups (R2 = 0.76), ceruloplasmin (R2 = 0.74), total proteins (R2 = 0.81), globulins (R2 = 0.87), and Na (R2 = 0.72). Good prediction accuracy in classifying extreme values was achieved for glucose (Q25 = 70.8%, Q75 = 69.9%), albumin (Q25 = 72.3%), total reactive oxygen metabolites (Q25 = 75.1%, Q75 = 74%), thiol groups (Q75 = 70.4%), total proteins (Q25 = 72.4%, Q75 = 77.2.%), globulins (Q25 = 74.8%, Q75 = 81.5%), and haptoglobin (Q75 = 74.4%). In conclusion, our study shows that FTIR spectra can be used to predict blood metabolites with relatively good accuracy, depending on trait, and are a promising tool for large-scale monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Lucio Flavio Macedo Mota
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Sara Pegolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Franco Tagliapietra
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Stefano Schiavon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Luigi Gallo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Paolo Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA) and the Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production (CREI), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 29122, Piacenza, Italy; Nutrigenomics and Proteomics Research Center, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA) and the Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production (CREI), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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50
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Tomczyk MD, Kuźnik N, Walczak K. Cyclen-based artificial nucleases: Three decades of development (1989–2022). Part a – Hydrolysis of phosphate esters. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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