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Alyafeai E, Qaed E, Al-Mashriqi HS, Almaamari A, Almansory AH, Futini FA, Sultan M, Tang Z. Molecular dynamics of DNA repair and carcinogen interaction: Implications for cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic strategies. Mutat Res 2024; 829:111883. [PMID: 39265237 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2024.111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The integrity of the genetic material in human cells is continuously challenged by environmental agents and endogenous stresses. Among these, environmental carcinogens are pivotal in initiating complex DNA lesions that can lead to malignant transformations if not properly repaired. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular dynamics of DNA repair mechanisms and their interplay with various environmental carcinogens, providing a comprehensive overview of how these interactions contribute to cancer initiation and progression. We examine key DNA repair pathways including base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and double-strand break repair and their regulatory networks, highlighting how defects in these pathways can exacerbate carcinogen-induced damage. Further, we discuss how understanding these molecular interactions offers novel insights into potential therapeutic strategies. This includes leveraging synthetic lethality concepts and designing targeted therapies that exploit specific DNA repair vulnerabilities in cancer cells. By integrating recent advances in molecular biology, genetics, and oncology, this review aims to illuminate the complex landscape of DNA repair and carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis, setting the stage for future research and therapeutic innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Alyafeai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Eskandar Qaed
- Collage of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - Ahmed Almaamari
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Anisa H Almansory
- Biological department, Faculty of Science, University of Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Fatima Al Futini
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science & Technology, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia
| | - Marwa Sultan
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zeyao Tang
- Collage of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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He S, Zhang Z, Song G, Wang Z, Dai C, Yan S, Jiang K, Song B, Li H, Cao M, Sun D, Yang F, Yan X, Zhang S, Teng Y, Li Q, Xia C, Chen W. Can patients with mild non-neoplastic lesions diagnosed at baseline screening be safely exempt from surveillance: evidence from multicenter community-based cohorts. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024:10.1007/s11427-023-2558-x. [PMID: 39254888 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer (GC) in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions. We aimed to develop a less endoscopy-related equipment-dependent risk-stratification tool, and assessed whether mild-precursor-lesion patients can be safely exempt from surveillance. In the multicenter community-based cohort, 75,051 participants receiving baseline endoscopy were enrolled during 2015-2017 and followed-up until 2021. Cumulative incidence rates (CIRs) of GC for precancerous-conditions were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank tests. Mixed-effects Cox regression models were used to detect potential factors for progression towards GC. A risk score was calculated as counts of selected factors. An independent cohort, including 26,586 participants was used for external validation. During a median follow-up of 6.25 years, CIRs of GC were 0.302%, 0.436%, and 4.756% for normal group, non-neoplastic (atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia) and neoplastic lesions (low-grade/high-grade dysplasia), respectively (Ptrend<0.001). Four predictors, including male, ⩾60 years, smoking, and limited vegetable consumption, were selected for risk-stratification. High-risk patients (⩾3 risk factors) with non-neoplastic lesions showed higher GC risks (adjusted HR=7.73, 95%CI: 4.29-13.92), and their four-year CIR reached the one-year CIR of neoplastic lesions. Further categorizing non-neoplastic lesions by histological grade, both patients with moderate-to-severe lesions (aHR=3.07, 95%CI: 1.67-5.64) and high-risk patients with mild lesions (aHR=7.29, 95%CI: 3.58-14.86) showed higher risks. Consistent trends were observed in validation cohort. High-risk mild-precursor-lesion patients should receive surveillance within 3-5 years after baseline screening. Our study provides evidence on supplementing current guideline recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi He
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, 730000, China
| | - Guohui Song
- Cixian Cancer Institute, Handan, 056500, China
| | | | - Chunyun Dai
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Sheyang County, Yancheng, 224499, China
| | - Shipeng Yan
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410029, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Luoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinyang, 464299, China
| | - Bingbing Song
- Office for Cancer Control and Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - He Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Maomao Cao
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dianqin Sun
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinxin Yan
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shaoli Zhang
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Teng
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qianru Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Changfa Xia
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wanqing Chen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Shrivastava R, Gupta A, Mehta N, Das D, Goyal A. Dietary patterns and risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 93:102650. [PMID: 39226679 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Systematic evaluation of evidence assessing the role of dietary patterns on oral and oropharyngeal (OOP) cancer risk can provide a better understanding of their relationship. This systematic review of observational studies aimed to integrate the most recent evidence on the relationship between posteriori and priori dietary patterns and risk of development of OOP cancers. Studies were retrieved from Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science, and a total of 22 publications were included in the systematic review, of which 17 were included in the meta-analysis. Summary risk was estimated for highest versus lowest intakes of most common identified food groups and risk of OOP cancers using the random effect, generic inverse variance method. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) for Case-Control and Cohort studies. As per pooled analysis, consumption of healthy patterns may decrease the risk of OOP cancers by 43 %, and that of western patterns may increase this risk by 62 %. The pooling of data from ten studies analysing priori patterns and OOP cancers shows that the Mediterranean diet and diverse diet reduce the risk of such cancers, and a pro-inflammatory diet escalates the risk. On NOS, 11 studies were good in quality and 11 were moderate. Adopting a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and low intake of snacks and animal fats can potentially reduce the likelihood of developing OOP cancers. Encouraging Mediterranean diet, diverse diet and anti-inflammatory food components would be beneficial in the prevention and control of OOP cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Shrivastava
- Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Arpit Gupta
- Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Nishant Mehta
- Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Diptajit Das
- Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ashima Goyal
- Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
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Gonçalves E, Fontes F, Rodrigues JR, Calisto R, Bento MJ, Lunet N, Morais S. The contribution of second primary cancers to the mortality of patients with a first primary breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 207:323-330. [PMID: 38869665 PMCID: PMC11297125 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Second primary cancers (SPCs) are estimated to affect nearly 5% of patients with breast cancer within 10 years of their diagnosis. This study aimed to estimate the contribution of SPCs to the mortality of patients with a breast first primary cancer (FPC). METHODS A population-based cohort of 17,210 patients with a breast FPC diagnosed between 2000 and 2010 was followed for SPCs (31/12/2015) and vital status (30/06/2021). Patients diagnosed with an SPC (265 synchronous and 897 metachronous, ≤ 1 and > 1 year after the FPC, respectively) were matched (1:3, by five-year age group and year of breast FPC diagnosis) to those without an SPC and alive when the corresponding SPC was diagnosed. RESULTS Significantly higher hazards of death were found among patients with an SPC [hazard ratio of 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-1.89 for synchronous SPCs; and 2.85, 95%CI 2.56-3.17 for metachronous SPCs] compared to patients with a breast FPC only. Estimates were higher for synchronous lung, stomach, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and breast SPCs, and metachronous liver, stomach, ovary, lung, rectum, corpus uteri, colon, breast, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma SPCs. The 15-year cumulative mortality was 59.5% for synchronous SPCs and 68.7% for metachronous SPCs, which was higher than in patients with a breast FPC only (43.6% and 44.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In Northern Portugal, patients with an SPC following a breast FPC have a higher mortality compared with patients with a breast FPC only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Gonçalves
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Fontes
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Enfermagem Oncológica - Centro de Investigação (CI-IPOP) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Rede de Investigação em Saúde), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 865, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jéssica Rocha Rodrigues
- Grupo de Investigação em Epidemiologia, Resultados, Economia e Gestão em Oncologia - Centro de Investigação (CI-IPOP) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Rede de Investigação em Saúde), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Epidemiologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Calisto
- Grupo de Investigação em Epidemiologia, Resultados, Economia e Gestão em Oncologia - Centro de Investigação (CI-IPOP) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Rede de Investigação em Saúde), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Epidemiologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Bento
- Grupo de Investigação em Epidemiologia, Resultados, Economia e Gestão em Oncologia - Centro de Investigação (CI-IPOP) & Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Rede de Investigação em Saúde), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Epidemiologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto FG, EPE (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Estudos de Populações, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Lunet
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Samantha Morais
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
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Su PJ, Huang YT, Liao TK, Lu WH, Wang CJ, Chao YJ, Shan YS. Comparing survival after proximal gastrectomy vs. total gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:427. [PMID: 39021734 PMCID: PMC11253084 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare long-term survival after proximal gastrectomy (PG) and total gastrectomy (TG) for locally advanced proximal gastric cancer (GC). The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched from their inception to May 2023. Only published two-arm prospective or retrospective studies were included. The selected studies included patients with locally advanced GC who underwent PG or TG and reported quantitative survival outcomes. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) after gastrectomy. Three studies involving a total of 4,815 patients met the inclusion criteria. The age of the patients ranged from 57.03-64.46 years and 78.80% were male. The estimated 5-year OS probability after TG varied from 30.14 to 72.0%, and from 42.06 to 74.9% after PG. Results of the meta-analyses revealed a significant association between PG and improved OS compared with that of TG, with a pooled hazard ratio of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.05-1.25). No heterogeneity was observed in the included studies (I2=0%). Overall, in managing locally advanced GC, PG demonstrated comparable or marginally improved OS compared with TG during postoperative follow-up; however, further meta-analyses are required to provide stronger evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Jui Su
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Ta Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ting-Kai Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Hsun Lu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Jung Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying-Jui Chao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Landberg R, Karra P, Hoobler R, Loftfield E, Huybrechts I, Rattner JI, Noerman S, Claeys L, Neveu V, Vidkjaer NH, Savolainen O, Playdon MC, Scalbert A. Dietary biomarkers-an update on their validity and applicability in epidemiological studies. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1260-1280. [PMID: 37791499 PMCID: PMC11317775 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this literature review was to identify and provide a summary update on the validity and applicability of the most promising dietary biomarkers reflecting the intake of important foods in the Western diet for application in epidemiological studies. Many dietary biomarker candidates, reflecting intake of common foods and their specific constituents, have been discovered from intervention and observational studies in humans, but few have been validated. The literature search was targeted for biomarker candidates previously reported to reflect intakes of specific food groups or components that are of major importance in health and disease. Their validity was evaluated according to 8 predefined validation criteria and adapted to epidemiological studies; we summarized the findings and listed the most promising food intake biomarkers based on the evaluation. Biomarker candidates for alcohol, cereals, coffee, dairy, fats and oils, fruits, legumes, meat, seafood, sugar, tea, and vegetables were identified. Top candidates for all categories are specific to certain foods, have defined parent compounds, and their concentrations are unaffected by nonfood determinants. The correlations of candidate dietary biomarkers with habitual food intake were moderate to strong and their reproducibility over time ranged from low to high. For many biomarker candidates, critical information regarding dose response, correlation with habitual food intake, and reproducibility over time is yet unknown. The nutritional epidemiology field will benefit from the development of novel methods to combine single biomarkers to generate biomarker panels in combination with self-reported data. The most promising dietary biomarker candidates that reflect commonly consumed foods and food components for application in epidemiological studies were identified, and research required for their full validation was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikard Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Prasoona Karra
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rachel Hoobler
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Jodi I Rattner
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Stefania Noerman
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liesel Claeys
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Lyon, France
| | - Vanessa Neveu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Nanna Hjort Vidkjaer
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Otto Savolainen
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
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Endale HT, Tesfaye W, Hassen FS, Asrat WB, Temesgen EY, Shibabaw YY, Asefa T. Harmony unveiled: Intricate the interplay of dietary factor, gut microbiota, and colorectal cancer-A narrative review. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241274724. [PMID: 39224896 PMCID: PMC11367611 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241274724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a critical role in shaping the gut microbiome, which in turn regulates molecular activities in the colonic mucosa. The state and composition of the gut microbiome are key factors in the development of colorectal cancer. An altered gut microbiome, linked to weakened immune responses and the production of carcinogenic substances, is a significant contributor to colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Dietary changes that involve low-fiber and phytomolecule intake, coupled with higher consumption of red meat, can raise the risk of colorectal cancer. Salutary filaments, which reach the colon undigested, are metabolized by the gut microbiome, producing short-chain fatty acids. Short-chain fatty acids possess beneficial anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties that promote colon health. A well-balanced microbiome, supported by beneficial fibers and phytochemicals, can regulate the activation of proto-oncogenes and oncogenic pathways, thereby reducing cell proliferation. Recent research suggests that an overabundance of specific microbes, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, may contribute to adverse changes in the colonic mucosa. Positive lifestyle adjustments have been demonstrated to effectively inhibit the growth of harmful opportunistic organisms. Synbiotics, which combine probiotics and prebiotics, can protect the intestinal mucosa by enhancing immune responses and decreasing the production of harmful metabolites, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation. This narrative review provides a concise understanding of evolving evidence regarding how diet influences the gut microbiome, leading to the restoration of the colonic epithelium. It underscores the importance of a healthy, plant-based diet and associated supplements in preventing colorectal cancer by enhancing gut microbiome health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwot Tezera Endale
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Winta Tesfaye
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fethiya Seid Hassen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wastina Bitewlign Asrat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Yadelew Yimer Shibabaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tseganesh Asefa
- Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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8
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Pedersini R, Schivardi G, Laganà M, Laini L, di Mauro P, Zamparini M, Amoroso V, Bonalumi A, Bosio S, Zanini B, Buizza C, Villa N, Ravanelli M, Rinaudo L, Grisanti S, Farina D, Berruti A, Donato F, Cosentini D. Body composition in early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors: Does dietary counseling matter? Breast 2024; 78:103794. [PMID: 39265313 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2024.103794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of dietary counseling on body composition in early breast cancer patients (EBC) treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a diet counseling program on weight, BMI, total and regional body composition in patients treated with AIs. METHODS This observational study involved 194 EBC patients, of which 97 attended a 6-month personalized counseling program, based on Mediterranean diet principles (cohort A) and 97 did not (cohort B). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan was used to measure the total and regional fat and lean body mass, before (baseline) and after at least 18 months of AI-therapy. RESULTS Weight and BMI increased significantly, on the average, in cohort B, but not in cohort A. In the cohorts A and B, fat mass increased by 10 % and 7.7 % respectively, while lean mass decreased by 3.3 % and 2.6 % from before to after AI therapy, without statistically significant differences between them using the Mann-Whitney test. The changes in body composition were greater in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women at cancer diagnosis. The proportion of patients with sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity increased from before to after AI therapy, similarly in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated with AIs reported an increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean mass, and consequently an increase in sarcopenia and obesity, regardless of the participation in a dietary counseling program. A combined dietary counseling and physical exercise program may be necessary for preventing these unfavourable changes in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Pedersini
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy; SSVD Breast Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Greta Schivardi
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marta Laganà
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Lara Laini
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pierluigi di Mauro
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Manuel Zamparini
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vito Amoroso
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessia Bonalumi
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Bosio
- SSVD Breast Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Zanini
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Buizza
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicole Villa
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Ravanelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Medical Oncology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Farina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Medical Oncology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Deborah Cosentini
- Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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9
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Rolle LD, Parra A, Baral A, Trejos RF, Chery MJ, Clavon R, Crane TE. Differences in modifiable cancer risk behaviors by nativity (US-born v. Non-US-born) and length of time in the US. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305395. [PMID: 39196910 PMCID: PMC11355569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have identified racial-ethnic disparities in modifiable risk factors for cancers. However, the impact of US nativity on these risks is understudied. Hence, we assessed the association between US nativity and length of time in the US on modifiable cancer risk factors. Utilizing the 2010 and 2015 National Health Interview Survey datasets, we analyzed 8,861 US-born and non-US-born adults. Key variables included age, sex, race-ethnicity, education, income, diet, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics and regression. Most respondents were US-born (n = 7,370), followed by long-term (≥15 years, n = 928), and recent (<15 years, n = 563) immigrants. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was higher among US-born individuals (342.45 minutes/week), compared to recent (249.74 minutes/week) and long-term immigrants (255.19 minutes/week). Recent immigrants consumed more fruits (1.37 cups/day) and long-term immigrants more vegetables (1.78 cups/day) than US-born individuals. Multivariate analyses found recent immigrants had lower odds of consuming alcohol (AOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.21-0.50) and smoking (AOR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.46), and higher odds of meeting fruit consumption guidelines (AOR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.76-4.45) compared to US-born individuals. Long-term immigrants had lower odds of alcohol consumption (AOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37-0.84) and smoking (AOR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.30-0.59), and higher odds for meeting fruit (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.22-2.86) and fiber (AOR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.02-4.05) consumption guidelines. Our findings illustrate the importance of considering the impact nativity and length of US residency has on health. Our findings underscore the need for culturally tailored public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaShae D. Rolle
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Alexa Parra
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Amrit Baral
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rolando F. Trejos
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maurice J. Chery
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Reanna Clavon
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tracy E. Crane
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
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10
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Sremanakova J, Sowerbutts AM, Todd C, Cooke R, Pearce L, Leiberman D, McLaughlin J, Hill J, Ashby H, Ramesh A, Burden S. Healthy Eating and Active Lifestyle after Bowel Cancer (HEAL ABC)-feasibility randomised controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01491-z. [PMID: 39191956 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from cohort studies indicates that a healthy lifestyle can improve cancer survival but evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) is lacking. Thus, this study tested the feasibility of conducting a lifestyle intervention in patients after colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. METHODS An intervention was developed based on World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations, the Health Action Process Approach, Motivational Interviewing and tested a feasibility, mixed-methods RCT. Participants were allocated to a three-month telephone-based intervention versus standard care control group. The follow up period was six months. Data on feasibility and secondary outcomes were collected and analysed using Stata (V15, StataCorp LLC) and NVivo 12 (QSR International Pty Ltd., Doncaster, VIC). RESULTS Recruitment was challenging (31 ineligible, 37 declined; recruitment rate = 48.6%.). In total, 34/35 participants completed the intervention, and 31 (89%) completed follow up; all 31 completers participated in six telephone calls during intervention and six months follow up. Study retention was 97% (34/35) and 89% (31/35) at three and six months, respectively. Data completion rates were high (>90%). Intervention was acceptable to participants, met their needs and kept them accountable towards their goals. Participants in the intervention group showed significant improvement in WCRF/AICR, Diet Quality Index-International score and a 10% reduction in ultra-processed food consumption. CONCLUSIONS The HEAL ABC intervention was feasible for 87% of intervention participants, supporting them in healthy lifestyle changes. However, alternative recruitment strategies are needed for a fully powered RCT to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sremanakova
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Anne Marie Sowerbutts
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Chris Todd
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Greater Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NQ, UK
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Richard Cooke
- Department of Psychology, School of Health, Education, Policing and Sciences, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 2DE, UK
| | - Lyndsay Pearce
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - John McLaughlin
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jim Hill
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Helen Ashby
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Aswatha Ramesh
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Sorrel Burden
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Greater Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NQ, UK
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
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11
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Ben-Artzi TJ, Baziliansky S, Cohen M. The associations of emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived lifestyle discrepancy with breast cancer survivors' healthy lifestyle maintenance. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-024-01656-6. [PMID: 39180690 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-024-01656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Unhealthy lifestyle increases the risk of comorbidities, reduced quality of life, and cancer recurrence among breast cancer survivors. It is important to identify emotional and cognitive factors that may affect the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle over time. This study examined the associations of perceived lifestyle discrepancy, self-compassion, and emotional distress with the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle among breast cancer survivors and the mediating role of emotion regulation patterns (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) in these associations. METHODS A total of 145 female breast cancer survivors aged 31-77 completed self-reports on healthy lifestyle maintenance, perceived lifestyle discrepancy, self-compassion, emotional distress, and emotion regulation patterns. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Mean physical activity and healthy diet maintenance scores were moderate. The structural equation modeling analysis showed good fit indicators (χ2 = 4.21, df = 10, p = .94; χ2/df = 0.42; NFI = .98; TLI = 1.09; CFI = 1.00; RMSEA = .00, 95% CI (.00, .02)). Lower perceived lifestyle discrepancy was directly associated with higher physical activity (β = -.34, p < .01) and healthy diet (β =-.39, p < .01). Cognitive reappraisal was associated with higher physical activity (β = .19, p < .01), and expressive suppression was associated with lower physical activity (β = -.19, p < .01), and both mediated the association between self-compassion and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS The mediated associations reported in this study indicate that psychosocial factors, especially self-compassion, perceived lifestyle discrepancy, and emotional regulation patterns, are relevant to healthy lifestyle maintenance among breast cancer survivors, because solely providing healthy lifestyle recommendations does not motivate individuals to adhere to them. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Short-term structured psychosocial interventions designed to reduce perceived health discrepancy and strengthen self-compassion should be implemented and their effect on lifestyle should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Jean Ben-Artzi
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Carmel Mountain, Haifa, 3103301, Israel.
| | - Svetlana Baziliansky
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Carmel Mountain, Haifa, 3103301, Israel
| | - Miri Cohen
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Carmel Mountain, Haifa, 3103301, Israel
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12
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Rajendra A, Bondonno NP, Zhong L, Radavelli-Bagatini S, Murray K, Rainey-Smith SR, Gardener SL, Blekkenhorst LC, Magliano DJ, Shaw JE, Daly RM, Anstey KJ, Lewis JR, Hodgson JM, Bondonno CP. Plant but not animal sourced nitrate intake is associated with lower dementia-related mortality in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1327042. [PMID: 39234294 PMCID: PMC11371772 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1327042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dietary nitrate is potentially beneficial for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and nervous systems due to its role as a nitric oxide (NO) precursor. Increased nitrate intake improves cardiovascular health and therefore could protect against dementia, given the cardiovascular-dementia link. Objective To investigate the association between source-dependent nitrate intake and dementia-related mortality. As individuals with diabetes are at higher risk of dementia, a secondary aim was to investigate if the associations between nitrate and dementia varied by diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-diabetes status. Methods This study involved 9,149 participants aged ≥25 years from the well-characterised Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle (AusDiab) Study followed over a period of 17 years. Intakes of plant-sourced, vegetable-sourced, naturally occurring animal-sourced nitrate, and processed meat (where nitrate is an allowed additive)-sourced nitrate were assessed from a 74-item food frequency questionnaire completed by participants at baseline and nitrate databases were used to estimate nitrate from these different dietary sources. Associations between source-dependent nitrate intake and dementia-related mortality were assessed using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographics, lifestyle, and dietary factors. Results Over 17 years of follow-up, 93 (1.0%) dementia-related deaths occurred of 1,237 (13.5%) total deaths. In multivariable-adjusted models, participants with the highest intakes of plant-sourced nitrate (median intake 98 mg/day) had a 57% lower risk of dementia-related mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.43 (0.22, 0.87)] compared to participants with lowest intakes of plant-sourced nitrate (median intake 35 mg/day). A 66% lower risk was also seen for higher intakes of vegetable-sourced nitrate [HR (95% CI): 0.34 (0.17, 0.66)]. No association was observed for animal-sourced nitrate, but the risk was two times higher amongst those who consumed the most processed meat-sourced nitrate intake [HR (95%): 2.10 (1.07, 4.12)]. The highest intake of vegetable-sourced nitrate was associated with a lower risk of dementia-related mortality for those with and without DM and pre-diabetes. Conclusion Encouraging the intake of nitrate-rich vegetables, such as green leafy vegetables and beetroot, may lower the risk of dementia-related mortality, particularly in individuals with (pre-) diabetes who are at a higher dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Rajendra
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liezhou Zhong
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Simone Radavelli-Bagatini
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Stephanie R Rainey-Smith
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Lifestyle Approaches Towards Cognitive Health Research Group, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha L Gardener
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
- Lifestyle Approaches Towards Cognitive Health Research Group, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Diabetes and Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
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13
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Navarro SL, Williamson BD, Huang Y, Nagana Gowda GA, Raftery D, Tinker LF, Zheng C, Beresford SAA, Purcell H, Djukovic D, Gu H, Strickler HD, Tabung FK, Prentice RL, Neuhouser ML, Lampe JW. Metabolite Predictors of Breast and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative. Metabolites 2024; 14:463. [PMID: 39195559 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14080463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has been used extensively to capture the exposome. We investigated whether prospectively measured metabolites provided predictive power beyond well-established risk factors among 758 women with adjudicated cancers [n = 577 breast (BC) and n = 181 colorectal (CRC)] and n = 758 controls with available specimens (collected mean 7.2 years prior to diagnosis) in the Women's Health Initiative Bone Mineral Density subcohort. Fasting samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and lipidomics in serum, plus GC-MS and NMR in 24 h urine. For feature selection, we applied LASSO regression and Super Learner algorithms. Prediction models were subsequently derived using logistic regression and Super Learner procedures, with performance assessed using cross-validation (CV). For BC, metabolites did not increase predictive performance over established risk factors (CV-AUCs~0.57). For CRC, prediction increased with the addition of metabolites (median CV-AUC across platforms increased from ~0.54 to ~0.60). Metabolites related to energy metabolism: adenosine, 2-hydroxyglutarate, N-acetyl-glycine, taurine, threonine, LPC (FA20:3), acetate, and glycerate; protein metabolism: histidine, leucic acid, isoleucine, N-acetyl-glutamate, allantoin, N-acetyl-neuraminate, hydroxyproline, and uracil; and dietary/microbial metabolites: myo-inositol, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and 7-methylguanine, consistently contributed to CRC prediction. Energy metabolism may play a key role in the development of CRC and may be evident prior to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi L Navarro
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Brian D Williamson
- Biostatistics Division, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Biostatistics Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - G A Nagana Gowda
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hayley Purcell
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Danijel Djukovic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Howard D Strickler
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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14
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Pastorino R, Pires Marafon D, Sassano M, Hoxhaj I, Pelucchi C, Liao LM, Rabkin CS, Sinha R, Lunet N, Morais S, Zaridze D, Maximovich D, Aragonés N, Castaño-Vinyals G, Gómez-Acebo I, López-Carrillo L, López-Cervantes M, Bonzi R, Turati F, Boffetta P, Camargo MC, Curado MP, Vioque J, Zhang ZF, Negri E, La Vecchia C, Boccia S. Aspirin but not statins is inversely related to gastric cancer with a duration-risk effect: Results from the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project Consortium. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 39154222 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin and statins have been suggested to have potential chemopreventive effects against gastric cancer (GC), although the results of previous studies have been inconsistent. This study therefore aimed to investigate the association between the use of aspirin and statins and GC. METHODS A pooled analysis of seven case-control studies within the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project, including 3220 cases and 9752 controls, was conducted. Two-stage modeling analyses were used to estimate the association between aspirin and statin use and GC after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The pooled odds ratio (OR) of GC for aspirin users versus nonusers was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.95). The protective effect of aspirin appeared stronger in individuals without a GC family history (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37-0.95), albeit with borderline heterogeneity between those with and without a family history (p = .064). The OR of GC decreased with increasing duration of aspirin use, with an OR of 0.41 (95% CI, 0.18-0.95) for durations of ≥15 years. An inverse, nonsignificant association with the risk of GC was observed for the use of statins alone (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.52-1.18). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that aspirin use, particularly long-term use, is associated with a reduced risk of GC, whereas a similar association was not observed with statins, possibly because of the low frequency of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Pires Marafon
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Sassano
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilda Hoxhaj
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pelucchi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Nuno Lunet
- Unidade de Investigação em Epidemiologia, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Samantha Morais
- Unidade de Investigação em Epidemiologia, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Maximovich
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Cancer Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | | | - Rossella Bonzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Turati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Maria Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Paula Curado
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jesus Vioque
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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15
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George W, Miller M, Stewart EC, Wilus D, Campbell L, Barlow BC, Mayo-Gamble TL, Barajas C, Hill C, Johnson V, Reed L, Williams J, Cunningham-Erves J. Using a community-engaged research process to plan, implement, and evaluate a cancer education program to improve knowledge and screening intentions among African American men. J Psychosoc Oncol 2024:1-24. [PMID: 39146493 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2024.2379822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a culturally appropriate, cancer education program to improve cancer knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and screening intentions for oropharynx, colon, and prostate cancers among African American men. We detailed the community-engaged research process used for African American men to design, implement, and evaluate the program. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 84 (61 in-person, 23 online) African American men over 2-months across 4 churches in Middle Tennessee in 2021. A single group, pre-post-test design was used to evaluate the 2.5-h hybrid program. Scales used were: General self-efficacy for cancer screening; attitudes toward cancer; general cancer knowledge; and subjective norms related to cancer. One-item measured cancer screening intention. Taba robust partial correlation measured the degree of association between changes in means of each explanatory variable with changes in means of each outcome variable. IBM SPSS version 28 and R/RStudio version 3.6.0 was used for data analysis. We conducted three focus groups (n = 17) to assess program acceptability. Microsoft Excel version 26 was used to conduct thematic analysis for this data. FINDINGS Quantitative Significant differences were found in the pre/post comparisons of knowledge (mean difference: 0.22; p-value = 0.015), self-efficacy (mean difference: 0.23; p-value < 0.001), and prostate cancer screening intention (mean difference: 0.19; p-value = 0.049) scores. This indicates the mean score for knowledge, self-efficacy, and prostate cancer screening intention was significantly higher post-intervention. Qualitative Focus group themes were: (1) Impact of Program on Participants Psychosocial Health (2) Perspectives on Life after the program. (3) Views on Programmatic Components; (4) Recommendations for Program Improvement. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate our program is feasible, acceptable, and could increase cancer screening intentions and behavior. Psychosocial providers should demonstrate cultural awareness and humility when providing services to address the psychological and social needs for cancer screening among African American men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney George
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Malakai Miller
- School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Derek Wilus
- School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - LaNese Campbell
- Second Missionary Baptist Cooperative Ministries, Hickory, TN, USA
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16
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Guo C, Liu Y, Fu H, Zhang X, Li M. Effect of cruciferous vegetable intake on cancer: An umbrella review of meta-analysis. J Food Sci 2024. [PMID: 39138635 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Previous systematic evaluations and meta-analyses of the relationship between cruciferous vegetable (CV) intake and cancer risk have yielded inconsistent results. Herein, we summarize and evaluate the existing data and examine the relationship between CV intake and cancer risk. We searched four databases for cancer risk as a key outcome indicator. AMSTAR-2 was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews, PRISMA 2020 was used to evaluate the report quality, and corrected coverage area analysis was used to evaluate the duplication rate of the original documents. Overall, 22 meta-analyses involving 175 independent cancer studies were included. Evidence on lung, gastric, prostate, breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, as well as renal cell carcinoma, suggests a potential association between cancer and CV intake, which influences the risk of various cancers. Future research should focus on improving methods and techniques, controlling influencing factors, elucidating underlying mechanisms, and improving evidence quality to demonstrate the association between CV intake and cancer. The potential role of dietary CVs in cancer control has implications for public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Traditional Chinese & Mongolian Medical Research Institute, Hohhot, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Traditional Chinese & Mongolian Medical Research Institute, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haiqi Fu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Minhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Traditional Chinese & Mongolian Medical Research Institute, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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17
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Mahmoodi M, Mohammadi F, Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi M, Jalilpiran Y, Makhtoomi M, Nouri M, Faghih S. The association between healthy diet indicator and phytochemical index with prostate cancer odds ratio: a case-control study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:116. [PMID: 39118190 PMCID: PMC11308387 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Healthy diets and diets rich in phytochemicals can have health-promoting benefits in prostate cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the possible association between Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) and Phytochemical Index (PI) with prostate cancer odds ratio. METHODS This is a case-control study conducted in Shiraz, Iran, involving 62 newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases and 63 hospital-based controls. The study collected demographic and anthropometric data, as well as dietary intake information via a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association between HDI and PI with prostate cancer. RESULTS The study included 120 participants and found that individuals with higher HDI and PI scores had a lower odds ratio of prostate cancer (HDI: odds ratio (OR): 0.322 - confidence interval (CI) 95%: 0.14-0.700 - PI: OR: 0.426 - CI 95%: 0.204-0.888). After adjusting for potential confounders, a lower odds ratio of prostate cancer was observed specifically among those with higher HDI scores (OR: 0.376 - CI 95%: 0.163-0.868). CONCLUSION The findings of the present study suggest that adopting healthier dietary habits rich in dietary phytochemicals could be effective in preventing and halting the progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Mahmoodi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yahya Jalilpiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maede Makhtoomi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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18
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Winkler MC, Hetjens S. Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4610. [PMID: 39200752 PMCID: PMC11354655 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in many countries. Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease. This study investigates the possible influencing factors and preventive measures for breast cancer. Methods: The data for this study were obtained from WHO databases. First, age standardization was performed, followed by a correlation analysis. Relationships between the mortality rates of breast cancer and the possible influencing factors were analyzed. The significant results from the correlation analysis were analyzed using a stepwise regression analysis. In order to find out whether the application of a uniform screening program can reduce breast cancer mortality, the countries were divided into groups according to the time of initiation of the screening program, and breast cancer mortality was compared. Results: The correlation analysis showed a significant relationship with breast cancer mortality for 15 of 30 potential influencing factors. A stepwise multivariate regression analysis was performed with these 15 factors, which revealed 13 relevant factors. Two factors were more relevant: the number of radiotherapy units per 100,000 inhabitants and the proportion of the population (over 50 years of age) with a social network. These were followed by the proportion of general practitioners and obstetricians, as well as healthcare expenses. Breast cancer mortality differed between the countries that introduced the screening program in the 1990s and those that did so in the 2020s. Conclusions: A country's healthcare system influences breast cancer mortality through prevention, diagnosis. and treatment. Regular screening, counseling for socially disadvantaged women, and prompt treatment are important factors. In the future, prevention measures should also aim to strengthen the social environment. The prescription of social activities should be used as preventive care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany;
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19
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Shams-White MM, Thompson EC, Carroll RJ, Reedy J. Methodological examination of the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score. Am J Epidemiol 2024; 193:1137-1145. [PMID: 38583943 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of methodological changes to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score on associations with risk for all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and cancer risk jointly among older adults in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study. Weights were incorporated for each score component; a continuous point scale was developed in place of the score's fully discrete cut points; and cut-point values were changed for physical activity and red meat based on evidence-based recommendations. Exploratory aims also examined the impact of separating components with more than one subcomponent and whether all components were necessary to retain within this population utilizing a penalized scoring approach. Findings suggested weighting the original 2018 WCRF/AICR Score improved its predictive performance in association with all-cause mortality and provided more precise estimates in relation to cancer risk and mortality outcomes. The importance of healthy weight, physical activity, and plant-based foods in relation to cancer and overall mortality risk were highlighted in this population of older adults. Further studies are needed to better understand the consistency and generalizability of these findings across other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa M Shams-White
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - E Christi Thompson
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Raymond J Carroll
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jill Reedy
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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20
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Huybrechts I, Chimera B, Hanley-Cook GT, Biessy C, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Touvier M, Kesse-Guyot E, Srour B, Baudry J, Berlivet J, Casagrande C, Nicolas G, Lopez JB, Millett CJ, Cakmak EK, Robinson OJK, Murray KA, Schulze MB, Masala G, Guevara M, Bodén S, Cross AJ, Tsilidis K, Heath AK, Panico S, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Key T, Ericson U, Stocks T, Lundblad MW, Skeie G, Sacerdote C, Katzke V, Playdon MC, Ferrari P, Vineis P, Lachat C, Gunter MJ. Food biodiversity and gastrointestinal cancer risk in nine European countries: Analysis within a prospective cohort study. Eur J Cancer 2024; 210:114258. [PMID: 39168001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food biodiversity in human diets has potential co-benefits for both public health and sustainable food systems. However, current evidence on the potential relationship between food biodiversity and cancer risk, and particularly gastrointestinal cancers typically related to diet, remains limited. This study evaluated how dietary species richness (DSR) was associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk in a pan-European population. METHODS Associations between DSR and subsequent gastrointestinal cancer risk were examined among 450,111 adults enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort (EPIC, initiated in 1992), free of cancer at baseline. Usual dietary intakes were assessed at recruitment with country-specific dietary questionnaires. DSR of an individual's yearly diet was calculated based on the absolute number of unique biological species in each food and drink item. Associations between DSR and cancer risk were assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. FINDINGS During a median follow-up time of 14.1 years (SD=3.9), 10,705 participants were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) comparing overall gastrointestinal cancer risk in the highest versus lowest quintiles of DSR indicated inverse associations in multivariable-adjusted models [HR (95 % CI): 0.77 (0.69-0.87); P-value < 0·0001] (Table 2). Specifically, inverse associations were observed between DSR and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, proximal colon, colorectal, and liver cancer risk (p-trend<0.05 for all cancer types). INTERPRETATION Greater food biodiversity in the diet may lower the risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers. Further research is needed to replicate these novel findings and to understand potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Bernadette Chimera
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Giles T Hanley-Cook
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Bernard Srour
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Julia Baudry
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Justine Berlivet
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Corinne Casagrande
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jessica Blanco Lopez
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher J Millett
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emine Koc Cakmak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Oliver J K Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Kris A Murray
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona 31003, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Stina Bodén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Kostas Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Federico Ii University, Naples, Italy
| | - Pilar Amiano
- BioGipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain; Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José Ma Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council-IMIB, Murcia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tanja Stocks
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marie Wasmuth Lundblad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Centre for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, DE 69120, Germany
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112 UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, 84112 UT, United States
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
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21
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Ti G, He Y, Xiao Y, Yan J, Ding R, Cheng P, Wu W, Ye D, Wang J, Li L. Global prevalence of diet low in calcium and the disease burden: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:59. [PMID: 39097595 PMCID: PMC11297965 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the essential role of calcium in vital biological functions, diet low in calcium (DLC) is associated with various diseases. However, there is a lack of study about the current prevalence and health burden due to DLC using reliable data sources. METHODS We used data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 (GBD 2019) to estimate the prevalence and health burden of DLC in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019, by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). The estimates were produced in DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. Summary exposure value (SEV) was used to show the prevalence of DLC, while diseases adjusted life year (DALY) was used to represent the disease burden. The disease burden was estimated for DLC-induced colorectal cancer. Spearman Rank Order correlation was used for correlation analysis, and estimated annual percentage (EAPC) was used to reflect the temporal trends. RESULTS From 1990 to 2019, the global prevalence of DLC decreased (EAPC of SEV, -0.47; 95% CI, -0.5 to -0.43), but have increased in Oceania region and in many countries, such as United Arab Emirates, New Zealand, Japan, and France. The global DALYs associated with low in calcium were estimated to be 3.14 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 2.25-4.26 million) in 2019, with an age standardized rate of 38.2 (95% UI, 27.2-51.8) per 100,000. Unlike the prevalence, the global age standardized DALY rates has remained unchanged (EAPC, -0.03; 95% CI, -0.12 to 0.07), but has increased in over 80 of the 204 countries, located mainly in Asia, Africa, and South America. In all years and regions, the age standardized SEV and DALY rates were higher in male people than that in female people. The prevalence (rho = -0.823; P < 0.001) and disease burden (rho = -0.433; P < 0.001) associated with diet in low calcium were strongly correlated to SDI. The prevalence decreased with age, but the DALY rates increased with age and peaked at about 90 years. The prevalence of DLC has decreased worldwide and in most countries, but the disease burden of DLC induced colorectal cancer has increased in over 40% of countries worldwide. CONCLUSION Countries with low sociodemographic level and male people are more likely to experience the risk of DLC and related disease burden. Related measures in improve dietary calcium intake are in need to address diet in low calcium related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ti
- Department of Medical Record, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Youde Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Taikang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Sixin North Road No.322, Hanyang District, Wuhan, 430050, China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dawei Ye
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China.
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China.
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22
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Ruiz-Marín CM, Isabel Álvarez-Mercado A, Plaza-Díaz J, Rodríguez-Lara A, Gallart-Aragón T, Sánchez-Barrón MT, Lartategui SDR, Alcaide-Lucena M, Fernández MF, Fontana L. A Clustering Study of Sociodemographic Data, Dietary Patterns, and Gut Microbiota in Healthy and Breast Cancer Women Participating in the MICROMA Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400253. [PMID: 38950423 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE This work is part of the clinical study NCT03885648 registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, aimed at studying the relationship among breast cancer, microbiota, and exposure to environmental pollutants. As a first step, we characterized and evaluated risk factors of the participants. METHODS AND RESULTS A case-control study was designed with breast cancer (cases, n = 122) and healthy women (controls, n = 56) recruited in two hospitals of Andalusia (Southern Spain). Participants answered questionnaires of Mediterranean diet adherence and food frequency. Data were collected from medical histories and microbiota was analyzed on stool samples. Most cases (78.2%) were diagnosed as stages I and II. Cases had higher age, body mass index (BMI), glucose, cholesterol, and potassium values than controls. Cases exhibited higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and their food consumption was closer to that dietary pattern. A hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio was the most relevant variable in women with breast cancer, which was higher in this group compared with controls. CONCLUSION Although cases exhibited higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet compared with controls, they presented features and microbiota alterations typical of the metabolic syndrome, probably due to their higher BMI and reflecting changes in their lifestyle around the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen María Ruiz-Marín
- Unit of Mammary Pathology, General Surgery Service, University Hospital of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Departament of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Avilene Rodríguez-Lara
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Tania Gallart-Aragón
- Unit of Mammary Pathology, General Surgery Service, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Miriam Alcaide-Lucena
- Unit of Mammary Pathology, General Surgery Service, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Fontana
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
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23
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Briggs ES, Thomas RM, Frost MC, Fletcher OV, Crothers K, Chalal CK, Shahrir SF, McClure JB, Catz SL, Williams EC. "I Thought Cancer was a Tobacco Issue": Perspectives of Veterans with and without HIV on Cancer and Other Health Risks Associated with Alcohol and Tobacco/Nicotine Use. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:2607-2618. [PMID: 38869757 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
U.S. Veterans and people living with HIV (PWH) experience higher rates of unhealthy alcohol and tobacco/nicotine use than non-Veterans and people without HIV (PWoH). Both groups are susceptible to adverse health outcomes associated with alcohol and tobacco/nicotine use. We explored awareness of alcohol- and tobacco/nicotine-related cancer and immune health risks among Veterans Health Administration (VA) patients with and without HIV. Among a sample of 41 (46% PWH; 73% male; 39% Black) purposively-selected VA patients receiving care 2020-2021 we conducted semi-structured interviews via telephone; interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using a Rapid Assessment Process. Purposive selection was based on HIV status, alcohol and/or tobacco/nicotine use, and demographics. Among participants, 66% reported current smoking, and most screened positive for unhealthy alcohol use. Participants had high awareness of cancer and other health risks related to smoking but low awareness of synergistic risks and cancer risks associated with alcohol use despite awareness of a range of other alcohol-related risks. Awareness of alcohol and/or tobacco/nicotine's impacts on the immune system was variable. Findings did not distinctly differ between PWH and PWoH. Low awareness of alcohol-related cancer risk, risks of co-occurring use, and varying awareness of the impacts of alcohol and tobacco/nicotine on the immune system suggest a need for improved messaging regarding substance use-related cancer and immune risk. This may be especially important among PWH, for whom the prevalence and adverse effects of alcohol and tobacco use, and immune dysfunction are higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa S Briggs
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Rachel M Thomas
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Madeline C Frost
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivia V Fletcher
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Kristina Crothers
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Clementine K Chalal
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Shahida F Shahrir
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer B McClure
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Sheryl L Catz
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Emily C Williams
- Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
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24
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Koemel NA, Shah S, Senior AM, Severi G, Mancini FR, Gill TP, Simpson SJ, Raubenheimer D, Boutron-Ruault MC, Laouali N, Skilton MR. Macronutrient composition of plant-based diets and breast cancer risk: the E3N prospective cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1771-1781. [PMID: 38635026 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent evidence suggests that plant-based diets may reduce the risk of breast cancer (BC). However, the macronutrient composition of plant-based diets and its potential impact on BC risk has not been well explored. This analysis investigated the association of macronutrient composition with BC risk across a spectrum of plant-based diet indexes using a multidimensional approach. DESIGN This study followed 64,655 participants from the Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (E3N) cohort from 1993 to 2014. Diets were evaluated using validated 208-item diet history questionnaires at baseline (1993) and follow-up (2005), to calculate adherence to the overall plant-based diet (PDI), healthful plant-based diet (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet (uPDI). The association of macronutrient composition with BC risk was assessed via generalized additive time-dependent Cox models across different levels of these indexes. Response surfaces were generated to visualize compositional associations at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile of each index (low, moderate, and high). RESULTS A total of 3,932 incident BC cases were identified during the 21-year follow-up. There was a significant association between macronutrient composition and BC risk for hPDI, uPDI, and PDI (all P < 0.001). Akaike information criterion favored the hPDI model for characterizing the association between macronutrients and BC. BC risk was highest for individuals with a lower hPDI score who also consumed a diet containing lower protein (10%), lower carbohydrate (35%), and higher fat (55%). The lowest risk of BC was observed in those with higher hPDI scores with the lowest intake of protein (10%). At higher PDI and uPDI, diets containing higher protein (30%) and fat (45%) had the highest BC risk. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a complex relationship between macronutrient composition, plant-based diet quality, and BC risk. Further research is needed to examine specific foods that may be driving these associations. REGISTRY The protocol is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03285230.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Koemel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanam Shah
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, CESP, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, Inserm, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, CESP, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, Inserm, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca R Mancini
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, CESP, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, Inserm, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Timothy P Gill
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, CESP, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, Inserm, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Nasser Laouali
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, CESP, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, Inserm, Villejuif, F-94805, France.
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, USA.
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB), UM6P Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco.
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25
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Muñoz-Lerma A, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Ruiz-Vozmediano J, Yebras Cano T, González-Jiménez A, Jurado-Fasoli L. Effect of a multimodal intervention in breast Cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy: A study protocol of the multimodal project. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 143:107598. [PMID: 38838986 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To determine the effect of a multimodal intervention (nutritional behavior change and physical exercise) on quality of life, chemotherapy response rate and tolerance, histopathological level of the tumor, body composition, and biochemical parameters, in patients diagnosed with breast cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment, and to compare them with the control group. METHODS Anticipated 80 patients diagnosed with breast cancer aged 18-70 years will be recruited for this randomized, unblinded clinical trial based on a nutritional behavior change and physical exercise in patients during the approximately 6 months in which the patient receives neoadjuvant treatment. Participants will be randomly allocated (1:1) to one of two groups (intervention or control). Primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed before the beginning and after the neoadjuvant treatment (before surgery). The primary outcome is quality of life, whereas secondary outcomes include chemotherapy response rate and tolerance, histopathological level of the tumor and body composition (i.e., visceral adipose tissue activity, bone, lean and fat masses). We will analyze blood parameters (i.e., biochemical, inflammatory, and tumor markers) as exploratory outcomes. CONCLUSION This study will address the influence of a practical and viable multimodal intervention (i.e., nutritional behavior change and physical exercise) on breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Given the practical viability of the intervention in real-world settings, our study holds promise for significant scientific and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Muñoz-Lerma
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18004 Granada, Spain.
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Sánchez
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18004 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Julia Ruiz-Vozmediano
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18004 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; Centro de Oncología Integrativa Onconature, 18418 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Andalucía, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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26
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Greenlee H, Rillamas-Sun E, Yung RL, Cobos S, Donzella SM, Huang Y, Schattenkerk L, Ueland K, VanDoren M, Myers SA, Garcia G, King T, Santiago-Torres M, Di C, Dey N, Guthrie KA, Davidson NE. Cook and Move for Your Life, an eHealth intervention for women with breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer 2024; 10:62. [PMID: 39054321 PMCID: PMC11272921 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-024-00662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We tested the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an online diet and physical activity program for women with early-stage breast cancer who had completed surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (ongoing endocrine therapy allowed). Participants with low fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption and/or low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels were randomized to one of two doses - low (one Zoom group session) or high (12 Zoom group sessions) - of an online lifestyle program with the goal of improving F/V intake and MVPA. All participants received eHealth communications (text messages, study website access), a Fitbit, and a WiFi-enabled scale. Primary objectives evaluated feasibility. Secondary objectives compared the 6-month change in F/V intake and MVPA between the two dose groups. Seventy-four women (mean age = 58.4 years; 87% non-Hispanic White; mean time since diagnosis = 4.6 years) were accrued. Among women in the low dose group, 94% attended the single session; among women in the high dose group, 84% attended at least 8 of the 12 sessions. Retention at 6 months was 93%. High relative to low dose participants consumed 1.5 more servings/day of F/V at 6 months (P = 0.007) but MVPA levels did not differ between groups. We successfully implemented an online lifestyle program for early-stage breast cancer survivors. The high dose intervention demonstrated preliminary efficacy in improving F/V consumption in early-stage breast cancer survivors. Future trials can test the intervention in a larger and more diverse population of breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Greenlee
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Rachel L Yung
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sofia Cobos
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sidney M Donzella
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Gino Garcia
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Chongzhi Di
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Nancy E Davidson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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27
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Dankner R, Chetrit A, Avraham SB, Agay N, Kalter-Leibovici O, Goldbourt U, Saliba W, Keinan-Boker L, Shahar D, Freedman LS. A historical cohort study with 27,754 individuals on the association between meat consumption and gastrointestinal tract and colorectal cancer incidence. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 39030837 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
In order to explore the association between meat consumption and gastrointestinal/colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and to estimate the Israeli population attributable fraction (PAF), we conducted a collaborative historical cohort study using the individual participant data of seven nutritional studies from the past 6 decades. We included healthy adult men and women who underwent a nutritional interview. Dietary assessment data, using food-frequency or 24-h recall questionnaires, were harmonized. The study file was linked to the National Cancer and death registries. Among 27,754 participants, 1216 (4.4%) were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancers and 839 (3.0%) with CRC by the end of 2016. Using meta-analysis methods applied to Cox proportional hazard models (adjusted for daily energy intake, sex, age, ethnic origin, education and smoking),100 g/day increments in beef, red meat and poultry consumption, and 50 g/day increment in processed meat consumption were associated with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals of 1.46 (1.06-2.02), 1.15 (0.87-1.52), 1.06 (0.89-1.26), and 0.93 (0.76-1.12), respectively, for CRC. Similar results were obtained for gastrointestinal cancer, although red meat consumption reached statistical significance (HR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.02-1.58). The PAFs associated with a reduction to a maximum of 50 g/day in the consumption of red meat were 2.7% (95%CI: -1.9 to 12.0) and 5.2% (0.3-13.9) for CRC and gastrointestinal cancers, respectively. Reduction of beef consumption to a maximum of 50 g/day will result in a CRC PAF reduction of 7.5% (0.7%-24.3%). While beef consumption was associated with gastrointestinal/CRC excess risk, poultry consumption was not. A substantial part of processed meat consumption in Israel is processed poultry, perhaps explaining the lack of association with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dankner
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Angela Chetrit
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sivan Ben Avraham
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nirit Agay
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ofra Kalter-Leibovici
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Goldbourt
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Walid Saliba
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lital Keinan-Boker
- Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Danit Shahar
- The International Center of Health Innovation & Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Laurence S Freedman
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
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28
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Sharma D, Dhobi M, Lather V, Pandita D. An insight into the therapeutic effects of isoliquiritigenin in breast cancer. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03282-6. [PMID: 39007925 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks as the most widespread malignant condition in women, emerging as a primary contributor to mortality. The primary challenges in cancer treatments involve undesirable side effects. Therefore, exploring natural compounds as additional therapy could provide valuable insights. Isoliquiritigenin (ILN), an isoflavonoid featuring a chalcone moiety primarily sourced from Glycyrrhiza species, has garnered increasing interest in breast cancer research. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of ILN's mechanisms of action in breast cancer, drawing from a range of in vitro and in vivo studies. ILN primarily acts by inhibiting angiogenesis, aromatase, inflammation, and cell proliferation, and preventing invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, it downregulates miR-374a, phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B/Akt, maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and estrogen receptor protein levels, and causes enhancement of Wnt inhibitory factor-1, and Unc-51-like kinase 1 expression to treat breast cancer. ILN emerges as a promising natural option, offering therapeutic advantages with minimal side effects. However, it is important to note that current research on ILN is primarily limited to preclinical models, underscoring the need for further investigation to validate its potential efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-III, Pushp Vihar, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-III, Pushp Vihar, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, 110017, India.
| | - Viney Lather
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Deepti Pandita
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research (DIPSAR) Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-III, Pushp Vihar, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, 110017, India.
- Centre for Advanced Formulation Technology (CAFT), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-III, Pushp Vihar, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, 110017, India.
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29
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Takasu A, Gotoda T, Suzuki S, Kusano C, Goto C, Ishikawa H, Kogure H. Daily Diet and Nutrition Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer Incidence in a Japanese Population. Gut Liver 2024; 18:602-610. [PMID: 38388181 PMCID: PMC11249943 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims : Nutritional factors associated with gastric cancer (GC) are not completely understood. We aimed to determine the effect of nutrient intake on the incidence of GC. Methods : This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective trial that evaluated modalities for GC screening in participants aged 30 to 74 years living in high-risk areas for GC in Japan between June 2011 and March 2013. The patients were followed up for GC incidence for 6 years. All participants completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) upon enrollment before GC screening. Daily nutrient intake was calculated from the FFQ and dichotomized at each cutoff value using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Risk factors associated with GC incidence were investigated in terms of nutrient intake and participant characteristics using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results : Overall, 1,147 participants were included in this analysis. The median age was 62 years, and 50.7% of the participants were men. The median follow-up period was 2,184 days. GC was detected in 25 participants during the follow-up. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the intake of sodium (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR], 3.905; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.520 to 10.035; p=0.005) and vitamin D (aHR, 2.747; 95% CI, 1.111 to 6.788, p=0.029) were positively associated with GC incidence, whereas the intake of soluble dietary fiber (aHR, 0.104; 95% CI, 0.012 to 0.905; p=0.040) was inversely associated with GC incidence. Conclusions : Daily high intake of sodium and vitamin D and low soluble dietary fiber intake are associated with GC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Takasu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuji Gotoda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Chika Kusano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Chiho Goto
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya Bunri University, Inazawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kogure
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Mendes MIF, Mendonça RDD, Aprelini CMDO, Molina MDCB. Consumption of processed meat but not red meat is associated with the incidence of hypertension: ELSA-Brasil cohort. Nutrition 2024; 127:112529. [PMID: 39154548 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To verify the association between the consumption of red and processed meats and the incidence of hypertension in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. METHODS This was a cohort with data from the baseline (2008-2010) and second wave (2012-2014) with 8,089 public workers of both sexes and different racial groups, with mean age of 49 ± 8 years (35-74 years old). Meat consumption (g/d) was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire and was divided into consumption tertiles. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg and/or antihypertensive medication. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted Hazard Ration (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident hypertension. RESULTS A total of 1186 incident cases of hypertension were identified. Even adjusting for confounders, such as urinary Na/K (sodium/potassium) ratio and BMI (body mass index), participants in the second (HR:1.19; 95% CI 1.03-1.30) and third (HR:1.30; 95% CI:1.11-1.53) tertile of processed meat consumption had a higher risk of developing hypertension than those in the first tertile. We did not find a significant association between red meat consumption and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The increased risk of developing hypertension is associated with moderate and high consumption of processed meats but not with consumption of red meat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto CEP 35400-000, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Del Carmen Bisi Molina
- Public Health Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória CEP 29047-105, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Longevity, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas CEP 37130-001, Brazil.
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31
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Chen Q, Li K, Liu Y, Yu X, Ou F. Association of body composition indicators with colorectal cancer: a hospital-based case-control study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:344. [PMID: 38981909 PMCID: PMC11233301 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy that affects adults worldwide, causing a high disease burden. Few studies have examined the relationship between body composition (BC) measures and the prevalence of CRC. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between pertinent BC indicators and CRC. METHODS Bioelectrical impedance analysis, laboratory test results, face-to-face questionnaire investigation, and nutritional risk assessment (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment) were used in this case-control study. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in the case group was performed prior to antitumor therapy/surgery. RESULTS From June 2018 to January 2019, a total of 303 cases and 286 controls were included. The results showed that low body fat percentage (BFP) and high visceral adiposity index (VAI) groups had a higher risk of developing CRC in comparison to the normal BFP and normal VAI groups. The risk of CRC decreased with the increase of BFP. The group with a normal BC had a lower risk of developing CRC compared to those with a greater VAI and a lower BFP, as indicated by the results of the pairwise and total combinations of VAI, fat-free mass index (FFMI), and BFP. Additionally, FFMI and VAI had positive correlations with prealbumin, serum albumin, and nutritional risk scores. CONCLUSION Low BFP and high VAI are associated with higher CRC risk. FFMI and VAI are positively correlated with prealbumin, serum albumin, and nutritional risk scores in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujin Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Department of Immunization, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaozhai Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Fengrong Ou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Singh S, Peshin S, Larsen A, Gowin K. Optimizing Care: Integrative Oncology in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm. Curr Oncol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11912-024-01568-9. [PMID: 38967863 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) burdens the lives of those affected. MPN patients endure significant impacts on their physical, psychological, and social well-being. While pharmacological interventions offer some disease and symptom control, they often have unfavorable side effects. This review explores the potential of Integrative Oncology (IO) therapies in managing MPNs and their associated symptoms. RECENT FINDINGS IO is dedicated to augmenting conventional treatments through integrating interventions targeting the mind, body, nutrition, supplements, and other supportive care therapies. Several small studies suggest the benefit of an IO approach in MPN patients. These benefits are postulated to be modulated through enhanced physical capacity, reduced disease-related inflammation, subconscious mind training, and gut microbiome modulation. By combining IO with evidence-based pharmacological treatments, the potential exists to enhance the quality of life and clinical outcomes for individuals with MPNs. Future research should prioritize well-powered studies, including diverse demographics and symptom profiles, with appropriate study duration, to draw definite conclusions regarding the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Singh
- Internal Medicine, Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Supriya Peshin
- Norton Community Hospital, Ballad Health, Norton, VA, USA
| | - Ashley Larsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Krisstina Gowin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
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Marín-Chollom AM, Rillamas-Sun E, Koch PA, Contento IR, Gaffney AO, Ulanday KT, Hershman DL, Greenlee H. Social Support, Diet, and Physical Activity among Latina/Hispanic Women Breast Cancer Survivors. J Immigr Minor Health 2024:10.1007/s10903-024-01614-5. [PMID: 38954235 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-024-01614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Diet and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivorship are less likely to be followed by populations of minority cancer survivors, such as Latina/Hispanic women, compared to non-Hispanic White women. It is important to understand psychosocial mechanisms that may increase adherence to healthy lifestyle habits, especially in populations at risk for poorer cancer outcomes. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between overall social support (SS) and SS from three sources (family, friends, and significant other) with diet (fruit and vegetables, fat, energy density, and diet quality), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behaviors in Latina/Hispanic women with a history of breast cancer (n = 85; M age = 55.2; SD = 9.2). Linear regression models and odds ratios were used to examine associations and adjusted for age, income, and acculturation. Family, significant other, and total SS were positively related to total fruit and vegetable intake but SS from friends was not. Higher levels of SS from all sources were each related to a low energy density diet. A higher quality diet was only related to SS from family. SS was not related to fat intake or MVPA. Higher SS from family and a significant other were associated with higher odds of meeting the fruit/vegetable guidelines; (family, OR = 3.72, 95% CI [1.21, 11.39]; significant other, OR = 3.32, 95% CI [1.08, 10.30]). Having more SS from family or a significant other may contribute to Latina/Hispanic women breast cancer survivors meeting national guidelines for a diet high in fruits and vegetables and low in energy density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Marín-Chollom
- Department of Psychological Science, Central Connecticut State University, Marcus White, Room 216, 1615 Stanley Street, P.O. Box 4010, New Britain, CT, 06053, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Eileen Rillamas-Sun
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pamela A Koch
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Kathleene T Ulanday
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Irving College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather Greenlee
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Lavalle S, Valerio MR, Masiello E, Gebbia V, Scandurra G. Unveiling the Intricate Dance: How Cancer Orchestrates Muscle Wasting and Sarcopenia. In Vivo 2024; 38:1520-1529. [PMID: 38936901 PMCID: PMC11215601 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a prevalent and clinically significant condition, particularly among older age groups and those with chronic disease. Patients with cancer frequently suffer from sarcopenia and progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. The complex interplay between cancer and its treatment, including medical therapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, significantly contributes to the onset and worsening of sarcopenia. Cancer induces muscle wasting through inflammatory processes, metabolic alterations, and hormonal imbalance. Moreover, medical and radiation therapies exert direct toxic effects on muscles, contributing to the impairment of physical function. Loss of appetite, malnutrition, and physical inactivity further exacerbate muscle wasting in cancer patients. Imaging techniques are the cornerstones for sarcopenia diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry provide valuable insights into muscle structure and quality. Although each modality has advantages and limitations, magnetic resonance imaging produces high-resolution images and provides dynamic information about muscle function. Despite these challenges, addressing sarcopenia is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes and improving survival rates in patients with cancer. This review explored the factors contributing to sarcopenia in oncologic patients, emphasizing the importance of early detection and comprehensive management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Lavalle
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Masiello
- Radiology Unit, Università Vita e Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Gebbia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy;
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Surwiłło-Snarska A, Kapała A, Szostak-Węgierek D. Assessment of the Dietary Intake Changes in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Treated with Radical Radiotherapy. Nutrients 2024; 16:2093. [PMID: 38999841 PMCID: PMC11243572 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients during radiotherapy due to head and neck cancers experience a lot of side effects which may have a considerable impact on the patients' ability to meet individual daily energy demands by means of oral diet. METHODS The study included 104 head and neck cancer patients who qualified for radical radiotherapy. Radical treatment takes 6 weeks and every week the patients were assessed for dietary intake. The subjects were covered with the constant care of a dietician, received FSMP (food for special medical purposes), and, if necessary, enteral nutrition. RESULTS In the first week of treatment, the patients, from the kitchen diet alone, met 91.5% of the energy demand, while in the last week of treatment, only 40.9%. After introducing the FSMP or enteral nutrition, the patients met 120% of the demand in the first week of therapy and 95% in the last week, respectively. The patients who followed the dietary recommendations were characterized by significantly lower weight loss (3.07 kg) compared to non-adherent patients (5.56 kg). CONCLUSIONS The used therapy significantly contributed to decreasing nutritional intake in the subsequent weeks of treatment. On the other hand, incorporating FSMP in the diet and enteral nutrition with industrial diets significantly increased the fulfilled energy demand of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Surwiłło-Snarska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kapała
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Oncology Diagnostics, Cardio-Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Szostak-Węgierek
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, E Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
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Yao Y. Mediterranean diet: Fighting breast cancer naturally: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38743. [PMID: 38941369 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects and mechanisms of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on the incidence, recurrence, and prevention of breast cancer (BC) have been extensively investigated since the 1990s. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in understanding the relationship between the components of the MD and BC, particularly in terms of their role and adherence. This comprehensive review focuses on several key aspects: the influence of the adherence of MD in cohort studies conducted across different regions on BC, the effects and mechanisms of individual component or main components as well as the supplementation of vitamins, drugs, exercise, and other factors of MD on BC; the variations in the impact of the MD on premenopausal and postmenopausal women, as well as different types in BC cases; the possible mechanisms underlying the development, recurrence, and prevention of BC in relation to the MD; and the interaction effects of individual genetic polymorphisms with the MD. Based on current research findings, this review highlights the key issues and identifies future research directions in investigating the relationship between the MD and BC. Furthermore, it suggests that healthy women of various ages and BC patients should adhere to MD in order to prevent BC or improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanning Yao
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhang H, Xiong Z, Li Y, Li L, Pi X, Liu H. Feasibility and Acceptability Evaluation of a Digital Therapeutic Program for Improving Cancer Prevention: A Quasi-experimental Pre-post Interventional Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2024:10.1007/s13187-024-02431-y. [PMID: 38898222 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-024-02431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have proved that healthy behaviors hinder the onset and progression of tumors. Digital therapeutics (DTx), playing a pivotal role in facilitating behavioral adjustments through educational interventions, lifestyle support, and symptom monitoring, contribute to the goal of tumor prevention. We aim to optimize the evaluation of the feasibility and acceptability of DTx for cancer prevention. This involves assessing AITI's daily activity rates and user feedback, and comparing changes in behavioral habits and differences in SF-36 before and after the intervention. In a 4-week trial with 57 participants engaging actively, we found both the average daily activity rate and 4-week retention rate at 35 (61.4%). The USE Questionnaire scores (validity, ease of use, acquisition, and satisfaction) ranged from 68.06 to 83.10, indicating AITI's user-friendliness and acceptability. Furthermore, positive habit changes were noted among participants in exercise and diet (p < 0.0001), suggesting the effectiveness of the DTx approach in modifying behavioral habits related to physical activity and nutrition. This pilot study underscores the potential of DTx in advancing cancer prevention. However, larger and longer studies are needed to comprehensively assess its impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ziyou Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Lufeng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotan Rock, 30 Main Street, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xitian Pi
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Hongying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Luo MZ, Shu L, Ye XS. Association between priori and posteriori dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00154. [PMID: 38884362 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
An increasing number of epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between the risk of gastric cancer and specific dietary patterns, but the findings remain inconclusive. We, therefore, performed this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the available evidence regarding the associations between a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns and the risk of gastric cancer. A systematic search of six electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data, was carried out to retrieve the relevant articles published up to March 2024. Thirty-six studies (10 cohort and 26 case-control studies) with a total of 2 181 762 participants were included in the final analyses. Combining 15 effect sizes extracted from 12 articles, we observed a reduced risk of gastric cancer in the highest versus the lowest categories of the Mediterranean diet [relative risk (RR), 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61-0.85; P < 0.001]. Combining 11 effect sizes from 10 articles (involving 694 240 participants), we found that the highest Dietary Inflammatory Index scores were significantly associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.11-1.57; P < 0.001). A reduced risk of gastric cancer was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary pattern (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.91; P = 0.002). Conversely, the highest adherence to the Western dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.19-1.49; P < 0.001). Our study demonstrated that the Mediterranean diet and a healthy dietary pattern were associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer. Conversely, the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Western dietary pattern were associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Long Shu
- Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Saha B, A T R, Adhikary S, Banerjee A, Radhakrishnan AK, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. Exploring the Relationship Between Diet, Lifestyle and Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer Development: A Recent Update. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:789-814. [PMID: 39207359 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2367266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment modalities, its prevalence continues to rise, notably among younger populations. Unhealthy dietary habits, sedentary routines, and obesity have been identified as one of the key contributors to the development of colorectal cancer, apart from genetic and epigenetic modifications. Recognizing the profound impact of diet and lifestyle on the intricate gut microbiota ecosystem offers a promising avenue for understanding CRC development and its treatment. Gut dysbiosis, characterized by imbalances favoring harmful microbes over beneficial ones, has emerged as a defining feature of CRC. Changes in diet and lifestyle can profoundly alter the composition of gut microbes and the metabolites they produce, potentially contributing to CRC onset. Focusing on recent evidence, this review discussed various dietary factors, such as high consumption of red and processed meats and low fiber intake, and lifestyle factors, including obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption, that influence the gut microbiome composition and elevate CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biki Saha
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Rithi A T
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Subhamay Adhikary
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Arun Kumar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
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Power RF, Doherty DE, Horgan R, Fahey P, Gallagher DJ, Lowery MA, Cadoo KA. Modifiable risk factors for cancer among people with lynch syndrome: an international, cross-sectional survey. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2024; 22:10. [PMID: 38877502 PMCID: PMC11177364 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-024-00280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lynch syndrome is the most common cause of hereditary colorectal and endometrial cancer. Lifestyle modification may provide an opportunity for adjunctive cancer prevention. In this study, we aimed to characterise modifiable risk factors in people with Lynch syndrome and compare this with international guidelines for cancer prevention. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out utilizing survey methodology. Following public and patient involvement, the survey was disseminated through patient advocacy groups and by social media. Self-reported demographic and health behaviours were collected in April 2023. Guidelines from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) were used to compare percentage adherence to 9 lifestyle recommendations, including diet, physical activity, weight, and alcohol intake. Median adherence scores, as a surrogate for lifestyle risk, were calculated and compared between groups. RESULTS 156 individuals with Lynch syndrome participated from 13 countries. The median age was 51, and 54% were cancer survivors. The mean BMI was 26.7 and the mean weekly duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity was 90 min. Median weekly consumption of ethanol was 60 g, and 3% reported current smoking. Adherence to WCRF recommendations for cancer prevention ranged from 9 to 73%, with all but one recommendation having < 50% adherence. The median adherence score was 2.5 out of 7. There was no significant association between median adherence scores and age (p = 0.27), sex (p = 0.31), or cancer history (p = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS We have characterised the modifiable risk profile of people living with Lynch syndrome, outlining targets for intervention based on lifestyle guidelines for the general population. As evidence supporting the relevance of modifiable factors in Lynch syndrome emerges, behavioural modification may prove an impactful means of cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Power
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Genetics service, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Damien E Doherty
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Pat Fahey
- Lynch syndrome Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J Gallagher
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Genetics service, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maeve A Lowery
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen A Cadoo
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Cancer Genetics service, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
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Fretwell A, Louca P, Cohoon G, Sakellaropoulou A, Henriques Caetano MDP, Koullapis A, Orange ST, Malcomson FC, Dobson C, Corfe BM. Still too little evidence: the role of diet in colorectal cancer survivorship - a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38860747 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2360068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer incidence (CRC) is influenced by dietary factors, yet the impact of diet on CRC-specific mortality and recurrence-free survival (RFS) remains unclear. This review provides a narrative summary of existing research on dietary factors affecting CRC-specific mortality, RFS, and disease-free survival (DFS). This study searched electronic databases to identify cross-sectional/prospective research investigating dietary intake on CRC-specific mortality, RFS, or DFS. Twenty-eight studies were included in the corpus. Because of high study heterogeneity, we performed a narrative synthesis of studies. Limited, but suggestive evidence indicates beneficial effects of adhering to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines and a plant rich low-carbohydrate diet on risk of CRC-specific mortality, potentially driven by fiber from cereals, vegetables, and wholegrains, but not fruit. For RFS and DFS, a Western dietary pattern, high intake of refined grains, and sugar sweetened beverages correlated with increased risk of CRC recurrence and development of disease/death. Conversely, greater adherence to the ACS dietary and alcohol guidelines, higher ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dark fish consumption reduced risk. Our findings underscore the need for (i) standardized investigations into diet's role in CRC survivorship, including endpoints, and (ii) comprehensive analyses to isolate specific effects within correlated lifestyle components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fretwell
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Panayiotis Louca
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Georgia Cohoon
- School of Biomedical, Nutrition and Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Margarida de Pinheiro Henriques Caetano
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- School of Biomedical, Nutrition and Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alexandros Koullapis
- School of Biomedical, Nutrition and Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Samuel T Orange
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- School of Biomedical, Nutrition and Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona C Malcomson
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christina Dobson
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bernard M Corfe
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Boot IWA, Wesselius A, Jochems SHJ, Yu EYW, Bosetti C, Taborelli M, Porru S, Carta A, Golka K, Jiang X, Stern MC, Kellen E, Pohlabeln H, Tang L, Karagas MR, Zhang ZF, Taylor JA, La Vecchia C, Zeegers MP. Fruits and vegetables intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis from 11 case-control studies in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) consortium. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03436-5. [PMID: 38839633 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE High consumption of fruits and vegetables decrease the risk of bladder cancer (BC). The evidence of specific fruits and vegetables and the BC risk is still limited. METHODS Fruit and vegetable consumptions in relation to BC risk was examined by pooling individual participant data from case-control studies. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate study-specific odds ratio's (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and combined using a random-effects model for intakes of total fruits, total vegetables, and subgroups of fruits and vegetables. RESULTS A total of 11 case-control studies were included, comprising 5637 BC cases and 10,504 controls. Overall, participants with the highest intakes versus the lowest intakes of fruits in total (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68-0.91), citrus fruits (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.65-0.98), pome fruits (OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.65-0.87), and tropical fruits (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.73-0.94) reduced the BC risk. Greater consumption of vegetables in total, and specifically shoot vegetables, was associated with decreased BC risk (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.68-0.96 and OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.78-0.96, respectively). Substantial heterogeneity was observed for the associations between citrus fruits and total vegetables and BC risk. CONCLUSION This comprehensive study provides compelling evidence that the consumption of fruits overall, citrus fruits, pome fruits and tropical fruits reduce the BC risk. Besides, evidence was found for an inverse association between total vegetables and shoot vegetables intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris W A Boot
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, P. Debeyeplein 1, 6229 HA, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Wesselius
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, P. Debeyeplein 1, 6229 HA, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sylvia H J Jochems
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, P. Debeyeplein 1, 6229 HA, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Evan Y W Yu
- CAPHRI, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Taborelli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Stefano Porru
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Occupational Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Center, Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health, MISTRAL, University of Brescia, University of Milano-Bicocca, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Carta
- Interuniversity Research Center, Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health, MISTRAL, University of Brescia, University of Milano-Bicocca, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Klaus Golka
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Sektion Lebenswissenschaften, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Xuejuan Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariana C Stern
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eliane Kellen
- Leuven University Centre for Cancer Prevention (LUCK), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Departments of Epidemiology, UCLA Center for Environmental Genomics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, and Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, P. Debeyeplein 1, 6229 HA, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Kolawole ID, Kunle O, Ajayi K, Ong TP. Assessing nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards breast cancer prevention among female students at the Federal University of Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2024; 36:19. [PMID: 38825656 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-024-00226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer remains a complex disease and leading cause of cancer-related death in Nigerian women. Recently, the role of nutrition has been highlighted in the etiology of breast cancer. METHODS The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and practices of female university students. We also investigated the correlation between their demographic characteristics and their knowledge and attitudes of the survey participants. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among female students at the Federal University of Oye (FUOYE), Nigeria. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires designed to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practices concerning cancer prevention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20, and significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Out of the 402 students who received the questionnaire, 300 completed it. The average age of the participants was 21.26 years with a standard deviation of 2.68. There was generally limited knowledge regarding breast cancer risk factors, with 45% of participants citing family history as the most recognized risk factor. Overall, knowledge level was influenced by the participants' permanent place of residence and course of study. Attitudes towards the impact of maternal and paternal nutrition on breast cancer prevention were notably low. Additionally, less than half of the participants demonstrated good dietary practices. CONCLUSION This study revealed low levels of nutrition-related knowledge concerning cancer prevention, accompanied by poor dietary habits among the participants. These results suggest a possible link between inadequate knowledge about breast cancer prevention and the observed poor dietary practices among the participants. The frequent consumption of unhealthy foods among the participants may be a pointer to higher risk of breast cancer in the future, emphasizing a need for health education targeted at this group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oni Kunle
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Oye-Ekiti, Oye, Nigeria
| | - Kayode Ajayi
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Thomas Prates Ong
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Nakagawa H, Sasai H, Kato Y, Matsumoto S, Tanaka K. Exercise, Dietary Habits, and Defecatory Dysfunction in Patients Living with Colorectal Cancer: A Preliminary Quantitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1136. [PMID: 38891211 PMCID: PMC11171757 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the association of exercise and dietary habits with defecatory dysfunction in patients living with colorectal cancer. We recruited 61 adult patients who had undergone surgery within the past 20 years and attended outpatient clinics at designated cancer hospitals in Japan. Defecatory dysfunction was defined as any symptom caused by issues with colon and anal function, including fecal incontinence, evacuation difficulties, frequent stools, diarrhea, and constipation. Exercise and dietary habits were assessed via a quantitative questionnaire survey. Postoperative defecatory dysfunction occurred in all the patients. Multivariate analysis revealed no association between exercise habits and defecatory dysfunction; however, dietary fiber intake ≥4 times a week was associated with frequent stools (adjusted odds ratio, 5.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.10, 23.70). These findings suggest a need to alleviate defecatory dysfunction by improving one's dietary habits. Interventions aimed at alleviating defecatory dysfunction by improving the dietary habits in patients living with colorectal cancer are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasai
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
| | - Yoshimi Kato
- Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Kyoto 611-0041, Japan
| | | | - Kiyoji Tanaka
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan;
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Demark-Wahnefried W, Oster RA, Smith KP, Kaur H, Frugé AD, Cole WW, Locher JL, Rocque GB, Pisu M, Bail JR, Cohen HJ, Moellering DR, Blair CK. Vegetable Gardening and Health Outcomes in Older Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2417122. [PMID: 38900426 PMCID: PMC11190797 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Cancer survivors experience accelerated functional decline that threatens independence and quality of life. Previous studies have suggested that vegetable gardening may improve diet, physical activity, and physical function in this vulnerable population, which comprises more than 5% of the US population. Objective To assess whether diet, physical activity and functioning, and other outcomes improved in older cancer survivors assigned to a vegetable gardening intervention compared with a waitlist. Design, Setting, and Participants From May 11, 2016, to May 2, 2022, a 2-arm, assessor-blinded, crossover-designed, intent-to-treat, randomized clinical trial was conducted at cancer survivors' homes across Alabama. Medicare-eligible survivors of cancers with 5-year survival of 60% or more were registry ascertained and screened for suboptimal vegetable and fruit consumption (<5 servings per day), physical activity (<150 moderate-to-vigorous minutes per week), and physical function (36-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36] subscale score ≤90). Consented participants underwent baseline assessments, were randomly assigned to intervention or waitlisted arms, and were reassessed at 1-year follow-up. Intervention One-year, home-based vegetable gardening intervention providing gardening supplies and mentorship by cooperative extension-certified master gardeners to plant and maintain spring, summer, and fall gardens. Waitlisted participants received the identical intervention after 12 months. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was a composite index of improvements in self-reported vegetable and fruit consumption, physical activity, and physical function corroborated by plasma α-carotene levels, accelerometry, and physical performance assessments, respectively. Results Of 381 enrolled participants (mean [SD] age, 69.8 [6.4] years; range, 50-95 years; 263 [69.0%] female), 194 were assigned to the gardening intervention and 187 were waitlisted (attrition rates, 7.2% and 7.0%, respectively). Intent-to-treat analyses did not detect a significant improvement in the composite index of vegetable and fruit intake, moderate-vigorous physical activity, and physical function (intervention arm vs waitlisted arm, 4.5% vs 3.1%; P = .53) or between-arm differences in vegetable and fruit intake (mean difference, 0.3 [95% CI, -0.1 to 0.7] servings per day; P = .10). The intervention arm experienced a significant improvement in vegetable and fruit intake (mean increase, 0.3 [95% CI, 0.0-0.6] servings per day; P = .04). Significant improvements also were observed in the intervention arm vs waitlisted arm in physical performance (mean difference for 2-minute step test, 6.0 [95% CI, 0.8-11.2] steps; P = .03; for 30-second chair stand, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.1-1.5] repetitions; P = .02), perceived health (8.4 [95% CI, 3.0-13.9] points on a 100-point scale [higher scores indicate better health]; P = .003), and gut microbiome alpha diversity (84.1 [95% CI, 20.5-147.6] more observed species; P = .01). The COVID-19 pandemic significantly moderated effects (eg, odds of improvement in self-reported physical functioning were greater before vs during the pandemic: odds ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.12-4.22; P = .02). Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial including older cancer survivors, a vegetable gardening intervention did not significantly improve a composite index of diet, physical activity, and physical function; however, survivors assigned to the intervention had significantly increased vegetable and fruit consumption and, compared with waitlisted survivors, experienced significant improvements in perceived health and physical performance. Further study in broader populations and during pandemic-free periods is needed to determine definitive benefits. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02985411.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kerry P. Smith
- Alabama Cooperative Extension System, Auburn University, Auburn
| | - Harleen Kaur
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - W. Walker Cole
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | | | - Maria Pisu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - Harvey Jay Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Cindy K. Blair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
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Elliott MJ, Shen S, Lam DL, Brown T, Lawson MB, Iyengar NM, Cescon DW. Enhancing Early-Stage Breast Cancer Survivorship: Evidence-Based Strategies, Surveillance Testing, and Imaging Guidelines. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2024; 44:e432564. [PMID: 38815189 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_432564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the challenges of survivorship necessitates a comprehensive, patient-centered approach, focusing on mitigating risk through lifestyle modification, identifying distant recurrence, and optimization of breast imaging. This article will discuss the current and emerging clinical strategies for the survivorship period, advocating a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach. In this manner, early-stage breast cancer survivors are empowered to navigate their journey with enhanced knowledge, facilitating a transition to life beyond cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell J Elliott
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sherry Shen
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Diana L Lam
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Thelma Brown
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Marissa B Lawson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - David W Cescon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Olson JL, Conroy DE, Mama SK, Schmitz KH. Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life in Cancer Survivors: A Latent Class Analysis. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2024; 51:341-351. [PMID: 37830356 PMCID: PMC11092290 DOI: 10.1177/10901981231203978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Healthy lifestyle behaviors can improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cancer survivors; but the combination of behaviors most important for HRQOL is not known. This study investigated the patterns of lifestyle behaviors among cancer survivors and differences in HRQOL between behavioral classes. Cancer survivors (n = 2,463) were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Participants (N = 591) were predominately female (63%) and non-Hispanic White (90%). Survey items included self-reported physical activity, diet, smoking, sleep, HRQOL, and demographics. Behavioral classes were estimated by latent class analysis. Differences between classes were assessed by latent class regression. Compared with the "healthy lifestyles" class (higher probabilities of meeting aerobic/strength-based activity guidelines, high fruit/vegetable intake, and no sleep problems; 11% of sample), the "sleep and diet problems with inconsistent physical activity" class (higher probabilities of not meeting strength-based guidelines, low fruit/vegetable intake, some sleep problems; marginally higher probability of meeting aerobic guidelines; 41%) had poorer general and physical HRQOL. The "poor physical activity and diet" class (higher probabilities of not meeting aerobic/strength-based guidelines, low fruit/vegetable intake, and some sleep problems; 48%) had poorer general, physical, and mental HRQOL. Few participants exhibited healthy lifestyle patterns associated with HRQOL. The findings provide opportunities to develop differentiated multiple behavior-change interventions, targeted to two common patterns of behavior. A large subgroup of cancer survivors was susceptible to suboptimal physical activity and diet, warranting interventions exclusively targeting these behaviors. Another subgroup was susceptible to suboptimal physical activity, diet, and sleep, indicating interventions for this group should include strategies targeting these three behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L. Olson
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Health and Human Development, University Park, PA, USA
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David E. Conroy
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Health and Human Development, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Kathryn H. Schmitz
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Katsaroli I, Sidossis L, Katsagoni C, Sui X, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Myers J, Faselis C, Murphy R, Samuel IBH, Kokkinos P. The Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:1134-1139. [PMID: 38196147 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies have shown an inverse association between the risk of breast cancer in women and physical activity. However, information on the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) assessed objectively by a standardized test and the risk of developing breast cancer is limited. PURPOSE To examine the CRF-breast cancer risk association in healthy females. METHODS This retrospective study was derived from the Exercise Testing and Health Outcomes Study cohort ( n = 750,302). Female participants ( n = 44,463; mean age ± SD; 55.1 ± 8.9 yr) who completed an exercise treadmill test evaluation (Bruce protocol) at the Veterans Affairs Medical Centers nationwide from 1999 to 2020 were studied. The cohort was stratified into four age-specific CRF categories (Least-fit, Low-fit, Moderate-fit, and Fit), based on the peak METs achieved during the exercise treadmill test. RESULTS During 438,613 person-years of observation, 994 women developed breast cancer. After controlling for covariates, the risk of breast cancer was inversely related to exercise capacity. For each 1-MET increase in CRF, the risk of cancer was 7% lower (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90-0.95; P < 0.001). When risk was assessed across CRF categories with the Least-fit group as the referent, the risk was 18% lower for Low-fit women (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96; P = 0.013), 31% for Moderate-fit (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.58-0.82; P < 0.001), and 40% for Fit (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.47-0.75; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We observed an inverse and graded association between CRF and breast cancer risk in women. Thus, encouraging women to improve CRF may help attenuate the risk of developing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xuemei Sui
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
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Wang S, Shang Y, Guo X, Cui L. Relationship between dietary knowledge, food preference, and long-short term health status among Chinese adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2024; 33:213-227. [PMID: 38794981 PMCID: PMC11170021 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.202406_33(2).0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards and changes in dietary patterns, dietary knowledge and food preference have been playing an increasingly crucial role in health. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between dietary knowledge, food preference, and long-short term health status among Chinese adults aged 18-70. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN This study employed cross-sectional data from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey obtained from 4822 adults. We utilized self-assessed health status as an indicator of long-term health status and utilized sickness in the last four weeks as a measure of short-term health status. Taking advantage of ordered probit regression, long-term health status was regressed on all predictors, while the binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing short-term health status. The propensity score matching is employed to account for potential selection bias in analysis, thereby increasing the robustness and credibility of results. RESULTS The analysis revealed that dietary knowledge and food preference can improve an individual's long-term health status significantly. However, there is no evidence to show that short-term health status is affected by food preference. Furthermore, dietary knowledge is negatively associated with short-term health status. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of dietary education and healthy eating habits in improving the long-term health status of Chinese adults. The study suggests implications for public health strategies aimed at enhancing the health and well-being of Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Wang
- School of Mathematics and Information Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yajing Shang
- School of Mathematics and Information Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- School of Mathematics and Information Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingling Cui
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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50
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Barnhart AS, Anthony AL, Conaway KR, Sibbitt BG, Delaney E, Haluschak J, Kathula S, Chen A. Safety and efficacy of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and selenium supplementation in the oncology setting: A systematic review. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:678-696. [PMID: 37321210 DOI: 10.1177/10781552231182362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With rising rates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use, the exploration of CAM integration into oncology treatments is becoming increasingly prevalent. Antioxidants have been proposed as potentially beneficial to prevent or treat cancer. However, evidence summaries are limited, and the United States Preventive Services Task Force has recently recommended the use of Vitamin C and E supplementation for cancer prevention. Thus, the objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the existing literature on the safety and efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in oncology patients. METHODS A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using prespecified search terms in PubMed and CINAHL. Two reviewers independently reviewed titles, abstracts, and full-text articles, with a third reviewer resolving conflicts, before the included articles underwent data extraction and quality appraisal. RESULTS Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. Of the included studies, nine evaluated selenium, eight evaluated Vitamin C, four evaluated Vitamin E, and three of these studies included a combination of two or more of these agents. The most frequently evaluated cancer types included colorectal cancer (n = 4), leukemias (n = 4), breast cancer (n = 3), and genitourinary cancers (n = 3). Most of the studies focused on the antioxidants' therapeutic efficacy (n = 15) or their use in protecting against chemotherapy- or radiation-induced side effects (n = 8), and one study evaluated the role of an antioxidant in protection against cancer. Findings were generally favorable among the studies, and adverse effects of supplementation were limited. Furthermore, the average score for all the included articles on the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was 4.2, indicating the high quality of the studies. CONCLUSIONS Antioxidant supplements may provide benefits in reducing incidence or severity of treatment-induced side effects with limited risk for adverse effects. Large, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings among various cancer diagnoses and stages. Healthcare providers should understand the safety and efficacy of these therapies to address questions that arise in caring for those with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Barnhart
- School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - A L Anthony
- School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - K R Conaway
- School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - B G Sibbitt
- School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amh Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
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