1
|
Fu J, Bowden RL, Jagadish SVK, Prasad PVV. Genetic variation for terminal heat stress tolerance in winter wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132108. [PMID: 36909445 PMCID: PMC9992403 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In many regions worldwide wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants experience terminal high temperature stress during the grain filling stage, which is a leading cause for single seed weight decrease and consequently for grain yield reduction. An approach to mitigate high temperature damage is to develop tolerant cultivars using the conventional breeding approach which involves identifying tolerant lines and then incorporating the tolerant traits in commercial varieties. In this study, we evaluated the terminal heat stress tolerance of 304 diverse elite winter wheat lines from wheat breeding programs in the US, Australia, and Serbia in controlled environmental conditions. Chlorophyll content and yield traits were measured and calculated as the percentage of non-stress control. The results showed that there was significant genetic variation for chlorophyll retention and seed weight under heat stress conditions. The positive correlation between the percent of chlorophyll content and the percent of single seed weight was significant. Two possible mechanisms of heat tolerance during grain filling were proposed. One represented by wheat line OK05723W might be mainly through the current photosynthesis since the high percentage of single seed weight was accompanied with high percentages of chlorophyll content and high shoot dry weight, and the other represented by wheat Line TX04M410164 might be mainly through the relocation of reserves since the high percentage of single seed weight was accompanied with low percentages of chlorophyll content and low shoot dry weight under heat stress. The tolerant genotypes identified in this study should be useful for breeding programs after further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Fu
- Department of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Robert L. Bowden
- USDA–ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | | | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Waheeda K, Kitchel H, Wang Q, Chiu PL. Molecular mechanism of Rubisco activase: Dynamic assembly and Rubisco remodeling. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1125922. [PMID: 36845545 PMCID: PMC9951593 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1125922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme is the limiting step of photosynthetic carbon fixation, and its activation is regulated by its co-evolved chaperone, Rubisco activase (Rca). Rca removes the intrinsic sugar phosphate inhibitors occupying the Rubisco active site, allowing RuBP to split into two 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA) molecules. This review summarizes the evolution, structure, and function of Rca and describes the recent findings regarding the mechanistic model of Rubisco activation by Rca. New knowledge in these areas can significantly enhance crop engineering techniques used to improve crop productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Waheeda
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Heidi Kitchel
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Quan Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Po-Lin Chiu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,*Correspondence: Po-Lin Chiu,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin K, Chen G, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Lu T. Strategies for manipulating Rubisco and creating photorespiratory bypass to boost C 3 photosynthesis: Prospects on modern crop improvement. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:363-378. [PMID: 36444099 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is a process that uses solar energy to fix CO2 in the air and converts it into sugar, and ultimately powers almost all life activities on the earth. C3 photosynthesis is the most common form of photosynthesis in crops. Current efforts of increasing crop yields in response to growing global food requirement are mostly focused on improving C3 photosynthesis. In this review, we summarized the strategies of C3 photosynthesis improvement in terms of Rubisco properties and photorespiratory limitation. Potential engineered targets include Rubisco subunits and their catalytic sites, Rubisco assembly chaperones, and Rubisco activase. In addition, we reviewed multiple photorespiratory bypasses built by strategies of synthetic biology to reduce the release of CO2 and ammonia and minimize energy consumption by photorespiration. The potential strategies are suggested to enhance C3 photosynthesis and boost crop production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaining Jin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guoxin Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yirong Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tiegang Lu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qu Y, Mueller-Cajar O, Yamori W. Improving plant heat tolerance through modification of Rubisco activase in C3 plants to secure crop yield and food security in a future warming world. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:591-599. [PMID: 35981868 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The world's population may reach 10 billion by 2050, but 10% still suffer from food shortages. At the same time, global warming threatens food security by decreasing crop yields, so it is necessary to develop crops with enhanced resistance to high temperatures in order to secure the food supply. In this review, the role of Rubisco activase as an important factor in plant heat tolerance is summarized, based on the conclusions of recent findings. Rubisco activase is a molecular chaperone determining the activation of Rubisco, whose heat sensitivity causes reductions of photosynthesis at high temperatures. Thus, the thermostability of Rubisco activase is considered to be critical for improving plant heat tolerance. It has been shown that the introduction of thermostable Rubisco activase through gene editing into Arabidopsis thaliana and from heat-adapted wild Oryza species or C4Zea mays into Oryza sativa improves Rubisco activation, photosynthesis, and plant growth at high temperatures. We propose that developing a universal thermostable Rubisco activase could be a promising direction for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Qu
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Agri-ecosystem Services, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Wataru Yamori
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Agri-ecosystem Services, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rose T, Wilkinson M, Lowe C, Xu J, Hughes D, Hassall KL, Hassani‐Pak K, Amberkar S, Noleto‐Dias C, Ward J, Heuer S. Novel molecules and target genes for vegetative heat tolerance in wheat. PLANT-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2022; 3:264-289. [PMID: 37284432 PMCID: PMC10168084 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To prevent yield losses caused by climate change, it is important to identify naturally tolerant genotypes with traits and related pathways that can be targeted for crop improvement. Here we report on the characterization of contrasting vegetative heat tolerance in two UK bread wheat varieties. Under chronic heat stress, the heat-tolerant cultivar Cadenza produced an excessive number of tillers which translated into more spikes and higher grain yield compared to heat-sensitive Paragon. RNAseq and metabolomics analyses revealed that over 5000 genotype-specific genes were differentially expressed, including photosynthesis-related genes, which might explain the observed ability of Cadenza to maintain photosynthetic rate under heat stress. Around 400 genes showed a similar heat-response in both genotypes. Only 71 genes showed a genotype × temperature interaction. As well as known heat-responsive genes such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), several genes that have not been previously linked to the heat response, particularly in wheat, have been identified, including dehydrins, ankyrin-repeat protein-encoding genes, and lipases. Contrary to primary metabolites, secondary metabolites showed a highly differentiated heat response and genotypic differences. These included benzoxazinoid (DIBOA, DIMBOA), and phenylpropanoids and flavonoids with known radical scavenging capacity, which was assessed via the DPPH assay. The most highly heat-induced metabolite was (glycosylated) propanediol, which is widely used in industry as an anti-freeze. To our knowledge, this is the first report on its response to stress in plants. The identified metabolites and candidate genes provide novel targets for the development of heat-tolerant wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandeep Amberkar
- Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | | | | | - Sigrid Heuer
- Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB)CambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Harvey CM, Cavanagh AP, Kim SY, Wright DA, Edquilang RG, Shreeves KS, Perdomo JA, Spalding MH, Ort DR, Bernacchi CJ, Huber SC. Removal of redox-sensitive Rubisco Activase does not alter Rubisco regulation in soybean. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:169-182. [PMID: 36163583 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco activase (Rca) facilitates the catalytic repair of Rubisco, the CO2-fixing enzyme of photosynthesis, following periods of darkness, low to high light transitions or stress. Removal of the redox-regulated isoform of Rubisco activase, Rca-α, enhances photosynthetic induction in Arabidopsis and has been suggested as a strategy for the improvement of crops, which may experience frequent light transitions in the field; however, this has never been tested in a crop species. Therefore, we used RNAi to reduce the Rca-α content of soybean (Glycine max cv. Williams 82) below detectable levels and then characterized the growth, photosynthesis, and Rubisco activity of the resulting transgenics, in both growth chamber and field conditions. Under a 16 h sine wave photoperiod, the reduction of Rca-α contents had no impact on morphological characteristics, leaf expansion rate, or total biomass. Photosynthetic induction rates were unaltered in both chamber-grown and field-grown plants. Plants with reduced Rca-α content maintained the ability to regulate Rubisco activity in low light just as in control plants. This result suggests that in soybean, Rca-α is not as centrally involved in the regulation of Rca oligomer activity as it is in Arabidopsis. The isoform stoichiometry supports this conclusion, as Rca-α comprises only ~ 10% of the Rubisco activase content of soybean, compared to ~ 50% in Arabidopsis. This is likely to hold true in other species that contain a low ratio of Rca-α to Rca-ß isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Harvey
- Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Amanda P Cavanagh
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | | | - David A Wright
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ron G Edquilang
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kayla S Shreeves
- Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Juan Alejandro Perdomo
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Martin H Spalding
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Donald R Ort
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Carl J Bernacchi
- Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Steven C Huber
- Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Urbana, IL, USA
- Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wheat genomic study for genetic improvement of traits in China. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1718-1775. [PMID: 36018491 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop that feeds 40% of the world's population. Over the past several decades, advances in genomics have led to tremendous achievements in understanding the origin and domestication of wheat, and the genetic basis of agronomically important traits, which promote the breeding of elite varieties. In this review, we focus on progress that has been made in genomic research and genetic improvement of traits such as grain yield, end-use traits, flowering regulation, nutrient use efficiency, and biotic and abiotic stress responses, and various breeding strategies that contributed mainly by Chinese scientists. Functional genomic research in wheat is entering a new era with the availability of multiple reference wheat genome assemblies and the development of cutting-edge technologies such as precise genome editing tools, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, sequencing-based cloning strategies, high-efficiency genetic transformation systems, and speed-breeding facilities. These insights will further extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits and facilitate the breeding process, ultimately contributing to more sustainable agriculture in China and throughout the world.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yadav MR, Choudhary M, Singh J, Lal MK, Jha PK, Udawat P, Gupta NK, Rajput VD, Garg NK, Maheshwari C, Hasan M, Gupta S, Jatwa TK, Kumar R, Yadav AK, Prasad PVV. Impacts, Tolerance, Adaptation, and Mitigation of Heat Stress on Wheat under Changing Climates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2838. [PMID: 35269980 PMCID: PMC8911405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the production and quality of wheat. Rising temperatures are particularly threatening to wheat production. A detailed overview of morpho-physio-biochemical responses of wheat to HS is critical to identify various tolerance mechanisms and their use in identifying strategies to safeguard wheat production under changing climates. The development of thermotolerant wheat cultivars using conventional or molecular breeding and transgenic approaches is promising. Over the last decade, different omics approaches have revolutionized the way plant breeders and biotechnologists investigate underlying stress tolerance mechanisms and cellular homeostasis. Therefore, developing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data sets and a deeper understanding of HS tolerance mechanisms of different wheat cultivars are needed. The most reliable method to improve plant resilience to HS must include agronomic management strategies, such as the adoption of climate-smart cultivation practices and use of osmoprotectants and cultured soil microbes. However, looking at the complex nature of HS, the adoption of a holistic approach integrating outcomes of breeding, physiological, agronomical, and biotechnological options is required. Our review aims to provide insights concerning morpho-physiological and molecular impacts, tolerance mechanisms, and adaptation strategies of HS in wheat. This review will help scientific communities in the identification, development, and promotion of thermotolerant wheat cultivars and management strategies to minimize negative impacts of HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malu Ram Yadav
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - Mukesh Choudhary
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia;
| | - Jogendra Singh
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India;
| | - Prakash Kumar Jha
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Pushpika Udawat
- Janardan Rai Nagar Rajasthan Vidyapeeth, Udaipur 313001, India;
| | - Narendra Kumar Gupta
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia;
| | - Nitin Kumar Garg
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Division of Agro Produce Processing, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India;
| | - Sunita Gupta
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - Tarun Kumar Jatwa
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India;
| | - Arvind Kumar Yadav
- Division of Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303329, India; (M.R.Y.); (J.S.); (N.K.G.); (N.K.G.); (S.G.); (T.K.J.); (A.K.Y.)
| | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sekhar KM, Kota VR, Reddy TP, Rao KV, Reddy AR. Amelioration of plant responses to drought under elevated CO 2 by rejuvenating photosynthesis and nitrogen use efficiency: implications for future climate-resilient crops. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:21-40. [PMID: 32632534 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The contemporary global agriculture is beset with serious threats from diverse eco-environmental conditions causing decreases in crop yields by ~ 15%. These yield losses might increase further due to climate change scenarios leading to increased food prices triggering social unrest and famines. Urbanization and industrialization are often associated with rapid increases in greenhouse gases (GHGs) especially atmospheric CO2 concentration [(CO2)]. Increase in atmospheric [CO2] significantly improved crop photosynthesis and productivity initially which vary with plant species, genotype, [CO2] exposure time and biotic as well as abiotic stress factors. Numerous attempts have been made using different plant species to unravel the physiological, cellular and molecular effects of elevated [CO2] as well as drought. This review focuses on plant responses to elevated [CO2] and drought individually as well as in combination with special reference to physiology of photosynthesis including its acclimation. Furthermore, the functional role of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and its relation to photosynthetic acclimation and crop productivity under elevated [CO2] and drought are reviewed. In addition, we also discussed different strategies to ameliorate the limitations of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylation and RuBP regeneration. Further, improved stomatal and mesophyll conductance and NUE for enhanced crop productivity under fast changing global climate conditions through biotechnological approaches are also discussed here. We conclude that multiple gene editing approaches for key events in photosynthetic processes would serve as the best strategy to generate resilient crop plants with improved productivity under fast changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalva Madhana Sekhar
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Vamsee Raja Kota
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - T Papi Reddy
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - K V Rao
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wijewardene I, Shen G, Zhang H. Enhancing crop yield by using Rubisco activase to improve photosynthesis under elevated temperatures. STRESS BIOLOGY 2021; 1:2. [PMID: 37676541 PMCID: PMC10429496 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-021-00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid growth of world population, it is essential to increase agricultural productivity to feed the growing population. Over the past decades, many methods have been used to increase crop yields. Despite the success in boosting the crop yield through these methods, global food production still needs to be increased to be on par with the increasing population and its dynamic consumption patterns. Additionally, given the prevailing environmental conditions pertaining to the global temperature increase, heat stress will likely be a critical factor that negatively affects plant biomass and crop yield. One of the key elements hindering photosynthesis and plant productivity under heat stress is the thermo-sensitivity of the Rubisco activase (RCA), a molecular chaperone that converts Rubisco back to active form after it becomes inactive. It would be an attractive and practical strategy to maintain photosynthetic activity under elevated temperatures by enhancing the thermo-stability of RCA. In this context, this review discusses the need to improve the thermo-tolerance of RCA under current climatic conditions and to further study RCA structure and regulation, and its limitations at elevated temperatures. This review summarizes successful results and provides a perspective on RCA research and its implication in improving crop yield under elevated temperature conditions in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inosha Wijewardene
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shao Y, Li S, Gao L, Sun C, Hu J, Ullah A, Gao J, Li X, Liu S, Jiang D, Cao W, Tian Z, Dai T. Magnesium Application Promotes Rubisco Activation and Contributes to High-Temperature Stress Alleviation in Wheat During the Grain Filling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:675582. [PMID: 34177993 PMCID: PMC8231710 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.675582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Inhibited photosynthesis caused by post-anthesis high-temperature stress (HTS) leads to decreased wheat grain yield. Magnesium (Mg) plays critical roles in photosynthesis; however, its function under HTS during wheat grain filling remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of Mg on the impact of HTS on photosynthesis during wheat grain filling by conducting pot experiments in controlled-climate chambers. Plants were subjected to a day/night temperature cycle of 32°C/22°C for 5 days during post-anthesis; the control temperature was set at 26°C/16°C. Mg was applied at the booting stage, with untreated plants used as a control. HTS reduced the yield and net photosynthetic rate (P n ) of wheat plants. The maximum carboxylation rate (V Cmax ), which is limited by Rubisco activity, decreased earlier than the light-saturated potential electron transport rate. This decrease in V Cmax was caused by decreased Rubisco activation state under HTS. Mg application reduced yield loss by stabilizing P n . Rubisco activation was enhanced by increasing Rubisco activase activity following Mg application, thereby stabilizing P n . We conclude that Mg maintains Rubisco activation, thereby helping to stabilize P n under HTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Attiq Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Sixi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Chengdu Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongwei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chaudhary C, Sharma N, Khurana P. Decoding the wheat awn transcriptome and overexpressing TaRca1β in rice for heat stress tolerance. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:133-146. [PMID: 33034884 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Role of Rubisco Activase in imparting thermotolerance to the photosynthetic apparatus under high temperature. Thus, to improve the grain filling, we need to fine tune these crucial enzymes and their regulation, which directly or indirectly affect spike photosynthesis. CO2 fixation in cereals crops like bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is also contributed by ear photosynthesis beside the other organs like leaves or the flag leaf. 1000-grain weight of three Indian wheat cultivars (cvs.) PBW343, K7903, and HD2329 were calculated under three treatments until maturity stage (i.e. removal of flag leaf, removal of awns and shaded spikes). We observed that awn removal showed a significant decrease in 1000-grain weight in all cultivars. To delve deeper into the biological and molecular pathways taking place underlying the awn physiology, we conducted the awn transcriptome analysis of thermosusceptible Indian wheat cv. PBW343 under heat stress (HS) at 42 °C for 2 h using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Differential expression analysis revealed, 160 transcripts, out of these, 143 transcripts were significantly upregulated and 17 transcripts were repressed under HS conditions. Of these Rca1β was selected for characterization and overexpression studies. Ectopic expression of TaRca1β in rice transgenics indicate a direct correlation with tolerance under HS conditions. TaRca1β provides a better photosynthate energy partitioning under HS with a significant reduction in the non-photochemical fluorescence quenching of the photosynthetic machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanderkant Chaudhary
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Turek I, Gehring C, Irving H. Arabidopsis Plant Natriuretic Peptide Is a Novel Interactor of Rubisco Activase. Life (Basel) 2020; 11:life11010021. [PMID: 33396438 PMCID: PMC7823470 DOI: 10.3390/life11010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant natriuretic peptides (PNPs) are a group of systemically acting peptidic hormones affecting solute and solvent homeostasis and responses to biotrophic pathogens. Although an increasing body of evidence suggests PNPs modulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress, which could lead to their potential biotechnological application by conferring increased stress tolerance to plants, the exact mode of PNPs action is still elusive. In order to gain insight into PNP-dependent signalling, we set out to identify interactors of PNP present in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, termed AtPNP-A. Here, we report identification of rubisco activase (RCA), a central regulator of photosynthesis converting Rubisco catalytic sites from a closed to an open conformation, as an interactor of AtPNP-A through affinity isolation followed by mass spectrometric identification. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses reveals that the full-length recombinant AtPNP-A and the biologically active fragment of AtPNP-A bind specifically to RCA, whereas a biologically inactive scrambled peptide fails to bind. These results are considered in the light of known functions of PNPs, PNP-like proteins, and RCA in biotic and abiotic stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Turek
- Biomolecular Laboratory, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3552, Australia
| | - Chris Gehring
- Biomolecular Laboratory, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Helen Irving
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3552, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim SY, Stessman DJ, Wright DA, Spalding MH, Huber SC, Ort DR. Arabidopsis plants expressing only the redox-regulated Rca-α isoform have constrained photosynthesis and plant growth. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:2250-2262. [PMID: 32593186 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco activase (Rca) facilitates the release of sugar-phosphate inhibitors from the active sites of Rubisco and thereby plays a central role in initiating and sustaining Rubisco activation. In Arabidopsis, alternative splicing of a single Rca gene results in two Rca isoforms, Rca-α and Rca-β. Redox modulation of Rca-α regulates the function of Rca-α and Rca-β acting together to control Rubisco activation. Although Arabidopsis Rca-α alone less effectively activates Rubisco in vitro, it is not known how CO2 assimilation and plant growth are impacted. Here, we show that two independent transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing Rca-α in the absence of Rca-β ('Rca-α only' lines) grew more slowly in various light conditions, especially under low light or fluctuating light intensity, and in a short day photoperiod compared to wildtype. Photosynthetic induction was slower in the Rca-α only lines, and they maintained a lower rate of CO2 assimilation during both photoperiod types. Our findings suggest Rca oligomers composed of Rca-α only are less effective in initiating and sustaining the activation of Rubisco than when Rca-β is also present. Currently there are no examples of any plant species that naturally express Rca-α only but numerous examples of species expressing Rca-β only. That Rca-α exists in most plant species, including many C3 and C4 food and bioenergy crops, implies its presence is adaptive under some circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeol Kim
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Dan J Stessman
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - David A Wright
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Martin H Spalding
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Steven C Huber
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Donald R Ort
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Basu PS, Pratap A, Gupta S, Sharma K, Tomar R, Singh NP. Physiological Traits for Shortening Crop Duration and Improving Productivity of Greengram ( Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) Under High Temperature. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1508. [PMID: 31867025 PMCID: PMC6904351 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Greengram is an important protein-rich food legume crop. During the reproductive stage, high temperatures cause flower drop, induce male sterility, impair anthesis, and shortens the grain-filling period. Initially, 116 genotypes were evaluated for 3 years in two locations, and based on flowering, biomass, and yield attributes, they were grouped into four major clusters. A panel of 17 contrasting genotypes was selected for their heat tolerance in high-temperature greenhouses. The seedlings of the selected genotypes were exposed to heat shock in the range 37°C-52°C and their recovery after heat shock was assessed at 30°C. The seedlings of EC 398889 turned completely green and rejuvenated, while those of LGG 460 failed to recover, therefore, EC 398889 and LGG 460 were identified as heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive genotypes, respectively. Except for EC 398889, the remaining genotypes could not survive after heat shock. Fresh seeds of EC 398889 and LGG 460 were planted in field and pollen fertility and sucrose-synthase (SuSy) activity in grains were assessed at high temperatures. The pollen germination and SuSy activity were normal even at temperatures beyond 40°C in EC 398889 and high SuSy activity enabled faster grain filling than in LGG 460. The precise phenotyping demonstrated significant differences in the light-temperature response of photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging of quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and electron transport rate (ETR) between heat-tolerant (EC 398889) and heat-sensitive (LGG 460) genotypes. Molecular profiling of selected accessions showed polymorphism with 11 SSR markers and the markers CEDG147, CEDG247, and CEDG044 distinguished tolerant and sensitive groups of accessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Partha Sarathi Basu
- Division of Basic Science, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Aditya Pratap
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Kusum Sharma
- Division of Basic Science, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Rakhi Tomar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Posch BC, Kariyawasam BC, Bramley H, Coast O, Richards RA, Reynolds MP, Trethowan R, Atkin OK. Exploring high temperature responses of photosynthesis and respiration to improve heat tolerance in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5051-5069. [PMID: 31145793 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High temperatures account for major wheat yield losses annually and, as the climate continues to warm, these losses will probably increase. Both photosynthesis and respiration are the main determinants of carbon balance and growth in wheat, and both are sensitive to high temperature. Wheat is able to acclimate photosynthesis and respiration to high temperature, and thus reduce the negative affects on growth. The capacity to adjust these processes to better suit warmer conditions stands as a potential avenue toward reducing heat-induced yield losses in the future. However, much remains to be learnt about such phenomena. Here, we review what is known of high temperature tolerance in wheat, focusing predominantly on the high temperature responses of photosynthesis and respiration. We also identify the many unknowns that surround this area, particularly with respect to the high temperature response of wheat respiration and the consequences of this for growth and yield. It is concluded that further investigation into the response of photosynthesis and respiration to high temperature could present several methods of improving wheat high temperature tolerance. Extending our knowledge in this area could also lead to more immediate benefits, such as the enhancement of current crop models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley C Posch
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Buddhima C Kariyawasam
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Helen Bramley
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Narrabri, NSW, Australia
| | - Onoriode Coast
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Matthew P Reynolds
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Richard Trethowan
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Narrabri, NSW, Australia
| | - Owen K Atkin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Sun Q, Deng D, Liu H, Chen S, Yin Z. Genetic determinants controlling maize rubisco activase gene expression and a comparison with rice counterparts. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:351. [PMID: 31412785 PMCID: PMC6692957 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubisco activase (RCA) regulates the activity of Rubisco and is a key enzyme of photosynthesis. RCA expression was widely reported to affect plant photosynthesis and crop yield, but the molecular basis of natural variation in RCA expression in a wide range of maize materials has not been fully elucidated. RESULTS In this study, correlation analysis in approximately 200 maize inbred lines revealed a significantly positive correlation between the expression of maize RCA gene ZmRCAβ and grain yield. A genome-wide association study revealed both cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTLs) and trans-eQTLs underlying the expression of ZmRCAβ, with the latter playing a more important role. Further allele mining and genetic transformation analysis showed that a 2-bp insertion and a 14-bp insertion in the promoter of ZmRCAβ conferred increased gene expression. Because rice is reported to have higher RCA gene expression than does maize, we subsequently compared the genetic factors underlying RCA gene expression between maize and rice. The promoter activity of the rice RCA gene was shown to be stronger than that of the maize RCA gene, suggesting that replacing the maize RCA gene promoter with that of the rice RCA gene would improve the expression of RCA in maize. CONCLUSION Our results revealed two DNA polymorphisms regulating maize RCA gene ZmRCAβ expression, and the RCA gene promoter activity of rice was stronger than that of maize. This work increased understanding of the genetic mechanism that underlies RCA gene expression and identify new targets for both genetic engineering and selection for maize yield improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Qian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Dexiang Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Saihua Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Zhitong Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li S, Yu J, Li Y, Zhang H, Bao X, Bian J, Xu C, Wang X, Cai X, Wang Q, Wang P, Guo S, Miao Y, Chen S, Qin Z, Dai S. Heat-Responsive Proteomics of a Heat-Sensitive Spinach Variety. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163872. [PMID: 31398909 PMCID: PMC6720816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
High temperatures seriously limit plant growth and productivity. Investigating heat-responsive molecular mechanisms is important for breeding heat-tolerant crops. In this study, heat-responsive mechanisms in leaves from a heat-sensitive spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) variety Sp73 were investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE)-based and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomics approaches. In total, 257 heat-responsive proteins were identified in the spinach leaves. The abundance patterns of these proteins indicated that the photosynthesis process was inhibited, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging pathways were initiated, and protein synthesis and turnover, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism were promoted in the spinach Sp73 in response to high temperature. By comparing this with our previous results in the heat-tolerant spinach variety Sp75, we found that heat inhibited photosynthesis, as well as heat-enhanced ROS scavenging, stress defense pathways, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and protein folding and turnover constituting a conservative strategy for spinach in response to heat stress. However, the heat-decreased biosynthesis of chlorophyll and carotenoid as well as soluble sugar content in the variety Sp73 was quite different from that in the variety Sp75, leading to a lower capability for photosynthetic adaptation and osmotic homeostasis in Sp73 under heat stress. Moreover, the heat-reduced activities of SOD and other heat-activated antioxidant enzymes in the heat-sensitive variety Sp73 were also different from the heat-tolerant variety Sp75, implying that the ROS scavenging strategy is critical for heat tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Juanjuan Yu
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ying Li
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xuesong Bao
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiayi Bian
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Quanhua Wang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Sixue Chen
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhi Qin
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Thermal acclimation of photosynthetic activity and RuBisCO content in two hybrid poplar clones. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0206021. [PMID: 30742644 PMCID: PMC6370183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic bases of thermal acclimation of net photosynthetic rate (An) are still difficult to discern, and the data sets available are scarce, particularly for hybrid poplar. In the present study, we examined the contribution of a number of biochemical and biophysical traits on thermal acclimation of An for two hybrid poplar clones. We grew cuttings of Populus maximowiczii × Populus nigra (M×N) and Populus maximowiczii × Populus balsamifera (M×B) clones under two day/night temperature of 23°C/18°C and 33°C /27°C and under low and high soil nitrogen level. After ten weeks, we measured leaf RuBisCO (RAR) and RuBisCO activase (RARCA) amounts and the temperature response of An, dark respiration (Rd), stomatal conductance, (gs), apparent maximum carboxylation rate of CO2 (Vcmax) and apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate (J). Results showed that a 10°C increase in growth temperature resulted in a shift in thermal optimum (Topt) of An of 6.2±1.6°C and 8.0±1.2°C for clone M×B and M×N respectively, and an increased An and gs at the growth temperature for clone M×B but not M×N. RuBisCO amount was increased by N level but was insensitive to growth temperature while RARCA amount and the ratio of its short to long isoform was stimulated by the warm condition for clone M×N and at low N for clone M×B. The activation energy of apparent Vcmax and apparent J decreased under the warm condition for clone M×B and remained unchanged for clone M×N. Our study demonstrated the involvement of both RARCA, the activation energy of apparent Vcmax and stomatal conductance in thermal acclimation of An.
Collapse
|
20
|
Fernández-Bautista N, Fernández-Calvino L, Muñoz A, Toribio R, Mock HP, Castellano MM. HOP family plays a major role in long-term acquired thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1852-1869. [PMID: 29740845 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
HSP70-HSP90 organizing protein (HOP) is a family of cytosolic cochaperones whose molecular role in thermotolerance is quite unknown in eukaryotes and unexplored in plants. In this article, we describe that the three members of the AtHOP family display a different induction pattern under heat, being HOP3 highly regulated during the challenge and the attenuation period. Despite HOP3 is the most heat-regulated member, the analysis of the hop1 hop2 hop3 triple mutant demonstrates that the three HOP proteins act redundantly to promote long-term acquired thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. HOPs interact strongly with HSP90 and part of the bulk of HOPs shuttles from the cytoplasm to the nuclei and to cytoplasmic foci during the challenge. RNAseq analyses demonstrate that, although the expression of the Hsf targets is not generally affected, the transcriptional response to heat is drastically altered during the acclimation period in the hop1 hop2 hop3 triple mutant. This mutant also displays an unusual high accumulation of insoluble and ubiquitinated proteins under heat, which highlights the additional role of HOP in protein quality control. These data reveal that HOP family is involved in different aspects of the response to heat, affecting the plant capacity to acclimate to high temperatures for long periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Fernández-Bautista
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Lourdes Fernández-Calvino
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Alfonso Muñoz
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - René Toribio
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Hans P Mock
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - M Mar Castellano
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Effect of Ulva lactuca Aqueous Extract on Growth, Minerals, Chlorophyll Content, Rubisco Activity and Rubisco Activase in Zea mays Seedlings. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.12.2.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
22
|
Abstract
Increases in ambient temperatures have been a severe threat to crop production in many countries around the world under climate change. Chloroplasts serve as metabolic centers and play a key role in physiological adaptive processes to heat stress. In addition to expressing heat shock proteins that protect proteins from heat-induced damage, metabolic reprogramming occurs during adaptive physiological processes in chloroplasts. Heat stress leads to inhibition of plant photosynthetic activity by damaging key components functioning in a variety of metabolic processes, with concomitant reductions in biomass production and crop yield. In this review article, we will focus on events through extensive and transient metabolic reprogramming in response to heat stress, which included chlorophyll breakdown, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant defense, protein turnover, and metabolic alterations with carbon assimilation. Such diverse metabolic reprogramming in chloroplasts is required for systemic acquired acclimation to heat stress in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Long Wang
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Juan-Hua Chen
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Ning-Yu He
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Fang-Qing Guo
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nagarajan R, Gill KS. Evolution of Rubisco activase gene in plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:69-87. [PMID: 29139059 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco activase of plants evolved in a stepwise manner without losing its function to adapt to the major evolutionary events including endosymbiosis and land colonization. Rubisco activase is an essential enzyme for photosynthesis, which removes inhibitory sugar phosphates from the active sites of Rubisco, a process necessary for Rubisco activation and carbon fixation. The gene probably evolved in cyanobacteria as different species differ for its presence. However, the gene is present in all other plant species. At least a single gene copy was maintained throughout plant evolution; but various genome and gene duplication events, which occurred during plant evolution, increased its copy number in some species. The exons and exon-intron junctions of present day higher plant's Rca, which is conserved in most species seem to have evolved in charophytes. A unique tandem duplication of Rca gene occurred in a common grass ancestor, and the two genes evolved differently for gene structure, sequence, and expression pattern. At the protein level, starting with a primitive form in cyanobacteria, RCA of chlorophytes evolved by integrating chloroplast transit peptide (cTP), and N-terminal domains to the ATPase, Rubisco recognition and C-terminal domains. The redox regulated C-terminal extension (CTE) and the associated alternate splicing mechanism, which splices the RCA-α and RCA-β isoforms were probably gained from another gene in charophytes, conserved in most species except the members of Solanaceae family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ragupathi Nagarajan
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Kulvinder S Gill
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
New insights into the impacts of elevated CO 2, nitrogen, and temperature levels on the regulation of C and N metabolism in durum wheat using network analysis. N Biotechnol 2017; 40:192-199. [PMID: 28827159 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of correlation networks and hierarchical cluster analysis provides a framework to organize and study the coordination of parameters such as genes, metabolites, proteins and physiological parameters. We have analyzed 142 traits from primary C and N metabolism, including biochemical and gene expression analyses, in a range of 32 different growth conditions (various [CO2] levels, temperatures, N supplies, growth stages and experimental methods). To test the integration of primary metabolism, particularly under climate change, we investigated which C and N metabolic traits and transcript levels are correlated in durum wheat flag leaves using a correlation network and a hierarchical cluster analysis. There was a high amount of positive correlation between traits involved in a wide range of biological processes, suggesting a close and intricate coordination between C-N metabolisms at the biochemical and transcriptional levels. Transcript levels for genes related to N uptake and assimilation were especially coexpressed with genes belonging to the respiratory pathway, highlighting the coordination between the synthesis of organic N compounds and provision of energy and C skeletons. Also involved in this coordination were Rubisco and nitrate reductase activities, which play a key role in the regulation of plant metabolism. Carbohydrate accumulation was linked with a down-regulation of photosynthetic and N metabolism genes and nitrate reductase activity. Based on the degree of connectivity between nodes, network exploration facilitated the identification of some traits that may be biologically relevant during plant abiotic stress tolerance, as most of them are involved in limiting steps of plant metabolism.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cultivar-specific high temperature stress responses in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) associated with physicochemical traits and defense pathways. Food Chem 2017; 221:1077-1087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
26
|
Lu T, Meng Z, Zhang G, Qi M, Sun Z, Liu Y, Li T. Sub-high Temperature and High Light Intensity Induced Irreversible Inhibition on Photosynthesis System of Tomato Plant ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:365. [PMID: 28360922 PMCID: PMC5352666 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High temperature and high light intensity is a common environment posing a great risk to organisms. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of sub-high temperature and high light intensity stress (HH, 35°C, 1000 μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1) and recovery on the photosynthetic mechanism, photoinhibiton of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), and reactive oxygen (ROS) metabolism of tomato seedlings. The results showed that with prolonged stress time, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), Rubisco activity, maximal photochemistry efficiency (Fv/Fm), efficient quantum yield and electron transport of PSII [Y(II) and ETR(II)] and PSI [Y(I) and ETR(I)] decreased significantly whereas yield of non-regulated and regulated energy dissipation of PSII [Y(NO) and Y(NPQ)] increased sharply. The donor side limitation of PSI [Y(ND)] increased but the acceptor side limitation of PSI [Y(NA)] decreased. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were increased while activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were significantly inhibited compared with control. HH exposure affected photosynthetic carbon assimilation, multiple sites in PSII and PSI, ROS accumulation and elimination of Solanum lycopersicum L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
| | - Zhaojuan Meng
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
| | - Guoxian Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
| | - Mingfang Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
| | - Zhouping Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yufeng Liu, Tianlai Li,
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf RegionShenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yufeng Liu, Tianlai Li,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Saeed I, Bachir DG, Chen L, Hu YG. The Expression of TaRca2-α Gene Associated with Net Photosynthesis Rate, Biomass and Grain Yield in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Field Conditions. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161308. [PMID: 27548477 PMCID: PMC4993480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement in activation of Rubisco by Rubisco activase can potentially enhance CO2 assimilation and photosynthetic efficiency in plants. The three homoeologous copies of TaRca2-α were identified on chromosomes 4AL, 4BS and 4DS (TaRca2-α-4AL, TaRca2-α-4BS, and TaRca2-α-4DS) in bread wheat. Expression patterns of the three copies at heading (Z55), anthesis (Z67) and grain-filling (Z73) stages were investigated through qRT-PCR analyses in a panel of 59 bread wheat genotypes and their effects on net photosynthesis rate (Pn), biomass plant-1 (BMPP) and grain yield plant-1 (GYPP) were further explored. Different but similar expression patterns were observed for the three copies of TaRca2-α at the three growth stages with highest expression at grain-filling stage. TaRca2-α-4BS expressed higher at the three stages than TaRca2-α-4AL and TaRca2-α-4DS. The 59 genotypes could be clustered into three groups as high (7 genotypes), intermediate (41 genotypes) and low (11 genotypes) expression based on the expression of the three copies of TaRca2-α at three growth stages. Significant variations (P<0.01) were observed among the three groups of bread wheat genotypes for Pn, BMPP and GYPP. Generally, the genotypes with higher TaRca2-α expression also showed higher values for Pn, BMPP and GYPP. The expressions of the three copies of TaRca2-α at heading, anthesis and grain-filling stages were positively correlated with Pn, BMPP and GYPP (P<0.01) with stronger association for TaRca2-α-4BS at grain-filling stage. These results revealed that the expression of TaRca2-α contribute substantially to Pn, BMPP and GYPP, and suggested that manipulating TaRca-α expression may efficiently improve Pn, BMPP and GYPP in bread wheat and detecting TaRca-α expression levels with emphasis on TaRca2-α-4BS may be a positive strategy for selection in improving photosynthetic efficiency and grain yield of bread wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Saeed
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- NIFA, PO Box 446, Tarnab, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Daoura Goudia Bachir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kumar RR, Goswami S, Singh K, Dubey K, Singh S, Sharma R, Verma N, Kala YK, Rai GK, Grover M, Mishra DC, Singh B, Pathak H, Chinnusamy V, Rai A, Praveen S. Identification of Putative RuBisCo Activase (TaRca1)-The Catalytic Chaperone Regulating Carbon Assimilatory Pathway in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) under the Heat Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:986. [PMID: 27462325 PMCID: PMC4940427 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
RuBisCo activase (Rca) is a catalytic chaperone involved in modulating the activity of RuBisCo (key enzyme of photosynthetic pathway). Here, we identified eight novel transcripts from wheat through data mining predicted to be Rca and cloned a transcript of 1.4 kb from cv. HD2985, named as TaRca1 (GenBank acc. no. KC776912). Single copy number of TaRca1 was observed in wheat genome. Expression analysis in diverse wheat genotypes (HD2985, Halna, PBW621, and HD2329) showed very high relative expression of TaRca1 in Halna under control and HS-treated, as compared to other cultivars at different stages of growth. TaRca1 protein was predicted to be chloroplast-localized with numerous potential phosphorylation sites. Northern blot analysis showed maximum accumulation of TaRca1 transcript in thermotolerant cv. during mealy-ripe stage, as compared to thermosusceptible. Decrease in the photosynthetic parameters was observed in all the cultivars, except PBW621 in response to HS. We observed significant increase in the Rca activity in all the cultivars under HS at different stages of growth. HS causes decrease in the RuBisCo activity; maximum reduction was observed during pollination stage in thermosusceptible cvs. as validated through immunoblotting. We observed uniform carbon distribution in different tissues of thermotolerant cvs., as compared to thermosusceptible. Similarly, tolerance level of leaf was observed maximum in Halna having high Rca activity under HS. A positive correlation was observed between the transcript and activity of TaRca1 in HS-treated Halna. Similarly, TaRca1 enzyme showed positive correlation with the activity of RuBisCo. There is, however, need to manipulate the thermal stability of TaRca1 enzyme through protein engineering for sustaining the photosynthetic rate under HS-a novel approach toward development of "climate-smart" crop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet R. Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Khushboo Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Kavita Dubey
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Renu Sharma
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Verma
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Yugal K. Kala
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Gyanendra K. Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyJammu, India
| | - Monendra Grover
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Dwijesh C. Mishra
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Nuclear Research Laboratory, Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Pathak
- Center for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Anil Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Naveed M, Ahsan M, Akram HM, Aslam M, Ahmed N. Genetic Effects Conferring Heat Tolerance in a Cross of Tolerant × Susceptible Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:729. [PMID: 27313583 PMCID: PMC4889604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Incessant rise in ambient temperature is threatening sustainability of maize productions, worldwide. Breeding heat resilient synthetics/hybrids is the most economical tool while lack of knowledge of gene action controlling heat and yield relevant traits in maize is hampering progress in this regard. The current study, therefore, was conducted using analyses of generation mean and variance, and narrow sense heritability ([Formula: see text]) and genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM%). Initially, one hundred inbred lines were evaluated for cell membrane thermo-stability and grain yield per plant on mean day/night temperatures of 36.6°C/22.1°C in non-stressed (NS) and 42.7°C/25.7°C in heat-stressed (HS) conditions. From these, one tolerant (ZL-11271) and one susceptible (R-2304-2) genotypes were crossed to develop six basic generations, being evaluated on mean day/night temperatures of 36.1°C/22.8°C (NS) and 42.3°C/25.9°C (HS) in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Non-allelic additive-dominance genetic effects were recorded for most traits in both conditions except transpiration rate, being controlled by additive epistatic effects in NS regime. Dissection of genetic variance into additive (D), dominance (H), environment (E) and interaction (F) components revealed significance of only DE variances in HS condition than DE, DFE and DHE variances in NS regime which hinted at the potential role of environments in breeding maize for high temperature tolerance. Additive variance was high for majority of traits in both environments except ear length in NS condition where dominance was at large. Higher magnitudes of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and GAM% for cell membrane thermo-stability, transpiration rate, leaf firing, ear length, kernels per ear and grain yield per plant in both regimes implied that simple selections might be sufficient for further improvement of these traits. Low-to-moderate GAM% for leaf temperature and 100-grain weight in both conditions revealed greater influence of genotype-environment interactions, indicating ineffective direct selection and advocating for further progeny testing. In conclusion, pyramiding of heritable genes imparting heat tolerance in maize is achievable through any conventional breeding strategy and generating plant material with lowest cellular injury and leaf firing, and higher transpiration rate, ear length, kernels per ear and grain yield per plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
- Pulses Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Naveed
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz M. Akram
- Plant Physiology Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Singh A, Khurana P. Molecular and Functional Characterization of a Wheat B2 Protein Imparting Adverse Temperature Tolerance and Influencing Plant Growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:642. [PMID: 27242843 PMCID: PMC4861841 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomic attempts were undertaken to elucidate the plant developmental responses to heat stress, and to characterize the roles of B2 protein in mediating those responses. A wheat expressed sequence tag for B2 protein was identified which was cloned and characterized to assess its functional relevance causing plant growth and development during stress adaptation. Here, we show that wheat B2 protein is highly expressed in root and shoot tissues as well as in developing seed tissues under high temperature stress conditions. Morphological studies of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing gene encoding wheat B2 protein and Δb2 mutant plants were studied at major developmental stages. The stunted growth phenotype of mutant plants, together with hypocotyl and root elongation analysis of transgenic plants showed that B2 protein exhibits a crucial role in plant growth and development. Additional physiological analyses highlights the role of B2 protein in increased tolerance to heat and cold stresses by maintaining high chlorophyll content, strong activity of photosystem II and less membrane damage of overexpression transgenics as compared with the wild-type. Furthermore, the constitutive overexpression of TaB2 in Arabidopsis resulted in ABA hypersensitivity. Taken together, these studies suggest a novel perspectives of B2 protein in plant development and in mediating the thermal stress tolerance.
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen T, Xu G, Wang Z, Zhang H, Yang J, Zhang J. Expression of proteins in superior and inferior spikelets of rice during grain filling under different irrigation regimes. Proteomics 2015; 16:102-21. [PMID: 26442785 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Poor grain filling of later-flowering inferior spikelets is a serious problem in modern rice cultivars, but the reason and regulation remain unclear. This study investigated post-anthesis protein expression in relation with grain filling and the possibility to use irrigation methods to enhance grain filling through regulating protein expression. One japonica rice cultivar was field-grown under three irrigation treatments imposed during the grain filling period: alternate wetting and moderate soil-drying (WMD), alternate wetting and severe soil-drying (WSD), and conventional irrigation. High resolution 2DE, combined with MALDI/TOF, was used to compare differential protein expression between superior and inferior spikelets. Results showed that the expression of proteins that function in photosynthesis, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, amino acids metabolism and defense responses were largely down-regulated in inferior spikelets compared to those in superior spikelets. The WMD treatment enhanced grain filling rate and the expression of these proteins, whereas the WSD treatment decreased them. Similar results were observed for transcript levels of the genes encoding these proteins. These results suggest that down-regulated expression of the proteins associated with grain filling contribute to the poor grain filling of inferior spikelets, and post-anthesis WMD could improve grain filling through regulating protein expression in the spikelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Genwen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang X, Dinler BS, Vignjevic M, Jacobsen S, Wollenweber B. Physiological and proteome studies of responses to heat stress during grain filling in contrasting wheat cultivars. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 230:33-50. [PMID: 25480006 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Experiments to explore physiological and biochemical differences of the effects of heat stress in ten wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars have been performed. Based on the response of photosynthesis rates, cell membrane lipid peroxide concentrations and grain yield to heat, six cultivars were clustered as heat-tolerant (cv. '579', cv. '810', cv. '1110', cv. Terice, cv. Taifun and cv. Vinjett) and four as heat-sensitive (cv. '490', cv. '633', cv. '1039' and cv. '1159'). Higher rates of photosynthetic carbon- and light-use were accompanied by lower damage to cell membranes in leaves of tolerant compared to sensitive cultivars under heat stress. The tolerant cv. '810' and the sensitive cv. '1039' were selected for further proteome analysis of leaves. Proteins related to photosynthesis, glycolysis, stress defence, heat shock and ATP production were differently expressed in leaves of the tolerant and sensitive cultivar under heat stress in relation to the corresponding control. The abundance of proteins related to signal transduction, heat shock, photosynthesis, and antioxidants increased, while the abundance of proteins related to nitrogen metabolism decreased in the tolerant cv. '810' under heat stress as compared to the control. Collectively, the results indicate that primarily changes in both the amount and activities of enzymes involved in photosynthesis and antioxidant activities in leaves contributed to higher heat tolerance in the cv. '810' compared to the heat sensitive cv. '1039'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark; Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Burcu Seckin Dinler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Marija Vignjevic
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Susanne Jacobsen
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bernd Wollenweber
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Agroecology, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Singh J, Pandey P, James D, Chandrasekhar K, Achary VMM, Kaul T, Tripathy BC, Reddy MK. Enhancing C3 photosynthesis: an outlook on feasible interventions for crop improvement. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:1217-30. [PMID: 25196090 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the declarations and collective measures taken to eradicate hunger at World Food Summits, food security remains one of the biggest issues that we are faced with. The current scenario could worsen due to the alarming increase in world population, further compounded by adverse climatic conditions, such as increase in atmospheric temperature, unforeseen droughts and decreasing soil moisture, which will decrease crop yield even further. Furthermore, the projected increase in yields of C3 crops as a result of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations is much less than anticipated. Thus, there is an urgent need to increase crop productivity beyond existing yield potentials to address the challenge of food security. One of the domains of plant biology that promises hope in overcoming this problem is study of C3 photosynthesis. In this review, we have examined the potential bottlenecks of C3 photosynthesis and the strategies undertaken to overcome them. The targets considered for possible intervention include RuBisCO, RuBisCO activase, Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle enzymes, CO2 and carbohydrate transport, and light reactions among many others. In addition, other areas which promise scope for improvement of C3 photosynthesis, such as mining natural genetic variations, mathematical modelling for identifying new targets, installing efficient carbon fixation and carbon concentrating mechanisms have been touched upon. Briefly, this review intends to shed light on the recent advances in enhancing C3 photosynthesis for crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India; School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Song Y, Ci D, Tian M, Zhang D. Comparison of the physiological effects and transcriptome responses of Populus simonii under different abiotic stresses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 86:139-56. [PMID: 25002226 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the field, perennial plants such as poplar (Populus spp.) must adapt to simultaneous exposure to various abiotic stresses, which can affect their growth and survival. However, the mechanisms for stress-specific adaption in response to different abiotic stresses remain unclear. Thus, understanding the unique acclimation process for each abiotic treatment will require a comprehensive and systematic comparison of the responses of poplar to different abiotic stresses. To compare the responses to multiple stresses, we compared physiological effects and transcriptome changes in poplar under four abiotic stresses (salinity, osmotic, heat and cold). Photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes changed significantly after 6 h abiotic stress treatment. Therefore, using 6 h abiotic stress treatment groups for transcriptome analysis, we identified a set of 863 differentially expressed genes (653 up-regulated and 210 down-regulated) common to osmotic, salinity, heat and cold treatment. We also identified genes specific to osmotic (1,739), salinity (1,222), cold (2,508) and heat (3,200), revealing that salinity stress has the fewest differently-expressed genes. After gene annotation, we found differences in expression of genes related to electron transport, stomatal control, antioxidant enzymes, cell wall alteration, and phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling in response to various abiotic stresses. This study provides new insights to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which poplar adapts under different abiotic stress conditions and provides new clues for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bayramov S, Guliyev N. Changes in Rubisco activase gene expression and polypeptide content in Brachypodium distachyon. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 81:61-6. [PMID: 24521715 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of Rubisco (D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase (RCA) gene expression and polypeptide content were determined in Brachypodium distachyon leaves, stems and ear elements at different developmental stages under optimal growth conditions as well as under drought and salt stress conditions. B. distachyon leaf contains a much greater amount of Rubisco activase small (RCAS) isoform than the large one (RCAL) under optimal growth conditions. Increased levels of the RCAL isoform compared with the RCAS isoform were found in leaves and in green stems under salt and drought stress, respectively. Transcriptional levels of RCA are almost identical in different leaf positions. Short-term drought and salt stresses did not cause the impairment of RCA gene expression in early seedlings. But gradually increasing drought stress significantly decreased gene expression in early seedling samples. Amounts of the RCAS isoform were found to be more in different leaves of the plant compared with the RCAL isoform and their ratio was constant under normal condition. In green stems gene expression of RCA decreased under salt and drought stresses, although as it was in green leaves protein amounts of RCAL isoform increased compared with the RCAS isoform. All of the above described results clearly indicate that the accumulation of each RCA isoform is differentially regulated by developmental and environmental cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahniyar Bayramov
- Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 40 Patamdar Shosse, AZ-1073 Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Novruz Guliyev
- Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 40 Patamdar Shosse, AZ-1073 Baku, Azerbaijan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Valluru R, Reynolds MP, Salse J. Genetic and molecular bases of yield-associated traits: a translational biology approach between rice and wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:1463-89. [PMID: 24913362 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Transferring the knowledge bases between related species may assist in enlarging the yield potential of crop plants. Being cereals, rice and wheat share a high level of gene conservation; however, they differ at metabolic levels as a part of the environmental adaptation resulting in different yield capacities. This review focuses on the current understanding of genetic and molecular regulation of yield-associated traits in both crop species, highlights the similarities and differences and presents the putative knowledge gaps. We focus on the traits associated with phenology, photosynthesis, and assimilate partitioning and lodging resistance; the most important drivers of yield potential. Currently, there are large knowledge gaps in the genetic and molecular control of such major biological processes that can be filled in a translational biology approach in transferring genomics and genetics informations between rice and wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Valluru
- Wheat Physiology, Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 56130, Mexico DF, Mexico,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lawson T, Davey PA, Yates SA, Bechtold U, Baeshen M, Baeshen N, Mutwakil MZ, Sabir J, Baker NR, Mullineaux PM. C3 photosynthesis in the desert plant Rhazya stricta is fully functional at high temperatures and light intensities. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 201:862-873. [PMID: 24164092 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The C3 plant Rhazya stricta is native to arid desert environment zones, where it experiences daily extremes of heat, light intensity (PAR) and high vapour pressure deficit (VPD). We measured the photosynthetic parameters in R. stricta in its native environment to assess the mechanisms that permit it to survive in these extreme conditions. Infrared gas exchange analysis examined diel changes in assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs ) and transpiration (E) on mature leaves of R. stricta. A/ci analysis was used to determine the effect of temperature on carboxylation capacity (Vc,max ) and the light- and CO2 -saturated rate of photosynthesis (Amax ). Combined chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange light response curve analysis at ambient and low oxygen showed that both carboxylation and oxygenation of Rubisco acted as the major sinks for the end products of electron transport. Physiological analysis in conjunction with gene expression analysis suggested that there are two isoforms of Rubisco activase which may provide an explanation for the ability of R. stricta to maintain Rubisco function at high temperatures. The potential to exploit this ability to cope with extreme temperatures is discussed in the context of future crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Lawson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Phillip A Davey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Steven A Yates
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Ulrike Bechtold
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Mohammed Baeshen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabih Baeshen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Z Mutwakil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neil R Baker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chao M, Yin Z, Hao D, Zhang J, Song H, Ning A, Xu X, Yu D. Variation in Rubisco activase (RCAβ) gene promoters and expression in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:47-59. [PMID: 24170743 PMCID: PMC3883283 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic basis of Rubisco activase (RCA) gene regulation and altering its expression levels to optimize Rubisco activation may provide an approach to enhance plant productivity. However, the genetic mechanisms and the effect of RCA expression on phenotype are still unknown in soybean. This work analysed the expression of RCA genes and demonstrated that two RCA isoforms presented different expression patterns. Compared with GmRCAα, GmRCAβ was expressed at higher mRNA and protein levels. In addition, GmRCAα and GmRCAβ were positively correlated with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and seed yield, suggesting that changes in expression of RCA has a potential applicability in breeding for enhanced soybean productivity. To identify the genetic factors that cause expression level variation of GmRCAβ, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping was combined with allele mining in a natural population including 219 landraces. The eQTL mapping showed that a combination of both cis- and trans-acting eQTLs might control GmRCAβ expression. As promoters can affect both cis- and trans-acting eQTLs by altering cis-acting regulatory elements or transcription factor binding sites, this work subsequently focused on the promoter region of GmRCAβ. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the GmRCAβ promoter were identified and shown to correlate with expression level diversity. These SNPs were classified into two groups, A and B. Further transient expression showed that GUS expression driven by the group A promoter was stronger than that by the group B promoter, suggesting that promoter sequence types could influence gene expression levels. These results would improve understanding how variation within promoters affects gene expression and, ultimately, phenotypic diversity in natural populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maoni Chao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhitong Yin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Derong Hao
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226541, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haina Song
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ailing Ning
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Photosynthesis Research Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bita CE, Gerats T. Plant tolerance to high temperature in a changing environment: scientific fundamentals and production of heat stress-tolerant crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:273. [PMID: 23914193 PMCID: PMC3728475 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is predicted to have a general negative effect on plant growth due to the damaging effect of high temperatures on plant development. The increasing threat of climatological extremes including very high temperatures might lead to catastrophic loss of crop productivity and result in wide spread famine. In this review, we assess the impact of global climate change on the agricultural crop production. There is a differential effect of climate change both in terms of geographic location and the crops that will likely show the most extreme reductions in yield as a result of expected extreme fluctuations in temperature and global warming in general. High temperature stress has a wide range of effects on plants in terms of physiology, biochemistry and gene regulation pathways. However, strategies exist to crop improvement for heat stress tolerance. In this review, we present recent advances of research on all these levels of investigation and focus on potential leads that may help to understand more fully the mechanisms that make plants tolerant or susceptible to heat stress. Finally, we review possible procedures and methods which could lead to the generation of new varieties with sustainable yield production, in a world likely to be challenged both by increasing population, higher average temperatures and larger temperature fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Craita E. Bita
- Section Plant Sciences, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegen, Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Carmo-Silva AE, Salvucci ME. The regulatory properties of Rubisco activase differ among species and affect photosynthetic induction during light transitions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 161:1645-55. [PMID: 23417088 PMCID: PMC3613445 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.213348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco's catalytic chaperone, Rubisco activase (Rca), uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to restore catalytic competence to Rubisco. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), inhibition of Rca activity by ADP is fine tuned by redox regulation of the α-isoform. To elucidate the mechanism for Rca regulation in species containing only the redox-insensitive β-isoform, the response of activity to ADP was characterized for different Rca forms. When assayed in leaf extracts, Rubisco activation was significantly inhibited by physiological ratios of ADP to ATP in species containing both α-Rca and β-Rca (Arabidopsis and camelina [Camelina sativa]) or just the β-Rca (tobacco [Nicotiana tabacum]). However, Rca activity was insensitive to ADP inhibition in an Arabidopsis transformant, rwt43, which expresses only Arabidopsis β-Rca, although not in a transformant of Arabidopsis that expresses a tobacco-like β-Rca. ATP hydrolysis by recombinant Arabidopsis β-Rca was much less sensitive to inhibition by ADP than recombinant tobacco β-Rca. Mutation of 17 amino acids in the tobacco β-Rca to the corresponding Arabidopsis residues reduced ADP sensitivity. In planta, Rubisco deactivated at low irradiance except in the Arabidopsis rwt43 transformant containing an ADP-insensitive Rca. Induction of CO2 assimilation after transition from low to high irradiance was much more rapid in the rwt43 transformant compared with plants containing ADP-sensitive Rca forms. The faster rate of photosynthetic induction and a greater enhancement of growth under a fluctuating light regime by the rwt43 transformant compared with wild-type Arabidopsis suggests that manipulation of Rca regulation might provide a strategy for enhancing photosynthetic performance in certain variable light environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael E. Salvucci
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, Arizona 85138
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dinakar C, Djilianov D, Bartels D. Photosynthesis in desiccation tolerant plants: energy metabolism and antioxidative stress defense. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 182:29-41. [PMID: 22118613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Resurrection plants are regarded as excellent models to study the mechanisms associated with desiccation tolerance. During the past years tremendous progress has been made in understanding the phenomenon of desiccation tolerance in resurrection plants, but many questions are open concerning the mechanisms enabling these plants to survive desiccation. The photosynthetic apparatus is very sensitive to reactive oxygen species mediated injury during desiccation and must be maintained or quickly repaired upon rehydration. The photosynthetic apparatus is a primary source of generating reactive oxygen species. The unique ability of plants to withstand the oxidative stress imposed by reactive oxygen species during desiccation depends on the production of antioxidants. The present review considers the overall strategies and the mechanisms involved in the desiccation tolerance in the first part and will focus on the effects on photosynthesis, energy metabolism and antioxidative stress defenses in the second part.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Challabathula Dinakar
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chauhan H, Khurana N, Tyagi AK, Khurana JP, Khurana P. Identification and characterization of high temperature stress responsive genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and their regulation at various stages of development. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 75:35-51. [PMID: 20972607 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-010-9702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the effect of high temperature, wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. CPAN 1676) were given heat shock at 37 and 42°C for 2 h, and responsive genes were identified through PCR-Select Subtraction technology. Four subtractive cDNA libraries, including three forward and one reverse subtraction, were constructed from three different developmental stages. A total of 5,500 ESTs were generated and 3,516 high quality ESTs submitted to Genbank. More than one-third of the ESTs generated fall in unknown/no hit category upon homology search through BLAST analysis. Differential expression was confirmed by cDNA macroarray and by northern/RT-PCR analysis. Expression analysis of wheat plants subjected to high temperature stress, after 1 and 4 days of recovery, showed fast recovery in seedling tissue. However, even after 4 days, recovery was negligible in the developing seed tissue after 2 h of heat stress. Ten selected genes were analyzed in further detail including one unknown protein and a new heat shock factor, by quantitative real-time PCR in an array of 35 different wheat tissues representing major developmental stages as well as different abiotic stresses. Tissue specificity was examined along with cross talk with other abiotic stresses and putative signalling molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Chauhan
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110 021, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shahak Y, Crowther D, Hind G. The involvement of ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase in cyclic electron transport in chloroplasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981; 170:1139-47. [PMID: 7284351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The sites of action, in spinach thylakoid, of known inhibitors of electron transport at the reducing end of photosystem I have been more accurately located by parallel investigation of effects on three partial reactions: photo-reduction (from water) of added NADP+, photoreduction of added cytochrome c, and dark reduction of cyto-chrome c by added NADPH. Comparison with inhibitory effects on cyclic electron flow (registered by the slow phase of the electrochromic response during repetitive flash excitation) permitted assessment of the role of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (ferredoxin: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.18.1.3) in the cyclic electron transport pathway around photosystem I. Disulfodisalicylidenepropane-1,1-diamine inhibited all the above partial reactions except the ferredoxin-dependent photoreduction of cytochrome C. thereby indicating its interference with the reductase or the complexation between reductase and ferredoxin. Studies with purified ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase established it as the sensitive component. Cyclic flow is also sensitive to the above inhibitor and thus presumably involves the reductase. Supporting evidence for this came from studies of inhibition by substituted maleimides, which are inhibitors of electron transfer through the isolated reductase; these also inhibited the slow phase of the electrochromic response and all partial reactions except the photoreduction of cytochrome c. In contrast, an antiserum against the reductase affected only reactions involving NADP. The conclusion is drawn that the pathway of cyclic electron transport includes both ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase, but not the NADP-binding site on the reductase.
Collapse
|