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Venzhik Y, Deryabin A, Naraikina N, Zhukova K, Dykman L. The influence of Au-based nanoparticles on some physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of wheat plants during low temperature hardening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108837. [PMID: 38878389 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
One of the most significant problems of the 21st century is the anthropogenic strain on the environment. The development of nanotechnology makes it possible to produce a variety of nanomaterials widely used in people's daily lives. However, nanomaterials can accumulate in ecosystems and spread through food chains. The environmental risks of nanoparticle proliferation are unclear. At the same time, certain nanoparticles act as adaptogens, improving plant tolerance to unfavorable stress factors. It is quite realistic to choose such experimental conditions, under which the effect on plant stress tolerance will be obvious and the accumulation of nanoparticles in tissues will be minimal. In this case, the main relevant factors are the type of nanoparticles, their concentration and their way of penetration into plants. We chose to study gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs), widely used in biomedical research. The concentration of Au-NPs was 20 μg/mL, which is considered safe for living organisms. The influence of Au-NPs on some physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of wheat plants during low temperature hardening was examined. The study of the photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidant system was the primary focus. The stimulating effect of Au-NPs on cold tolerance of wheat plants was shown. The results expand our knowledge of the processes by which nanoparticles impact plants and the potential applications of nanoparticles as adaptogens in science and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Venzhik
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander Deryabin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Naraikina
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya Zhukova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russia
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2
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Li Y, Wu Q, Zhu L, Zhang R, Tong B, Wang Y, Han Y, Lu Y, Dou D, Tian Z, Zheng J, Zhang Y. Heat-shock transcription factor HsfA8a regulates heat stress response in Sorbus pohuashanensis. PLANTA 2024; 260:61. [PMID: 39060400 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The SpHsfA8a upregulated expression can induce the expression of multiple heat-tolerance genes, and increase the tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana to high-temperature stress. Sorbus pohuashanensis is an ornamental tree used in courtyards. However, given its poor thermotolerance, the leaves experience sunburn owing to high temperatures in summer, severely affecting its ornamental value. Heat-shock transcription factors play a critical regulatory role in the plant response to heat stress. To explore the heat-tolerance-related genes of S. pohuashanensis to increase the tree's high-temperature tolerance, the SpHsfA8a gene was cloned from S. pohuashanensis, and its structure and expression patterns in different tissues and under abiotic stress were analyzed, as well as its function in heat tolerance, was determined via overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that SpHsfA8a encodes 416 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 47.18 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.63. SpHsfA8a is a hydrophilic protein without a signal peptide and multiple phosphorylation sites. It also contains a typical DNA-binding domain and is similar to MdHsfA8a in Malus domestica and PbHsfA8 in Pyrus bretschneideri. In S. pohuashanensis, SpHsfA8a is highly expressed in the roots and fruits and is strongly induced under high-temperature stress in leaves. The heterologous expression of SpHsfA8a in A. thaliana resulted in a considerably stronger growth status than that of the wild type after 6 h of treatment at 45 °C. Its proline content, catalase and peroxidase activities also significantly increased, indicating that the SpHsfA8a gene increased the tolerance of A. thaliana to high-temperature stress. SpHsfA8a could induce the expression of multiple heat-tolerance genes in A. thaliana, indicating that SpHsfA8a could strengthen the tolerance of A. thaliana to high-temperature stress through a complex regulatory network. The results of this study lay the foundation for further elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of SpHsfA8a in response of S. pohuashanensis to high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Li
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Qianwen Wu
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lingyi Zhu
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ruili Zhang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Boqiang Tong
- Shandong Provincial Center of Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources, Jinan, 250102, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Center of Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources, Jinan, 250102, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Han
- Shandong Provincial Center of Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources, Jinan, 250102, Shandong, China
| | - Yizeng Lu
- Shandong Provincial Center of Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources, Jinan, 250102, Shandong, China
| | - Dequan Dou
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Wang C, Wang X, Zhou P, Li C. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of RdHSP Genes Related to High Temperature in Rhododendron delavayi. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1878. [PMID: 38999718 PMCID: PMC11244423 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that play essential roles in plant development and in response to various environmental stresses. Understanding R. delavayi HSP genes is of great importance since R. delavayi is severely affected by heat stress. In the present study, a total of 76 RdHSP genes were identified in the R. delavayi genome, which were divided into five subfamilies based on molecular weight and domain composition. Analyses of the chromosome distribution, gene structure, and conserved motif of the RdHSP family genes were conducted using bioinformatics analysis methods. Gene duplication analysis showed that 15 and 8 RdHSP genes were obtained and retained from the WGD/segmental duplication and tandem duplication, respectively. Cis-element analysis revealed the importance of RdHSP genes in plant adaptations to the environment. Moreover, the expression patterns of RdHSP family genes were investigated in R. delavayi treated with high temperature based on our RNA-seq data, which were further verified by qRT-PCR. Further analysis revealed that nine candidate genes, including six RdHSP20 subfamily genes (RdHSP20.4, RdHSP20.8, RdHSP20.6, RdHSP20.3, RdHSP20.10, and RdHSP20.15) and three RdHSP70 subfamily genes (RdHSP70.15, RdHSP70.21, and RdHSP70.16), might be involved in enhancing the heat stress tolerance. The subcellular localization of two candidate RdHSP genes (RdHSP20.8 and RdHSP20.6) showed that two candidate RdHSPs were expressed and function in the chloroplast and nucleus, respectively. These results provide a basis for the functional characterization of HSP genes and investigations on the molecular mechanisms of heat stress response in R. delavayi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
- Hubei Province Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in the Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in the Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Changchun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
- Hubei Province Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Xiaogan 432000, China
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Mishra SK, Chaudhary C, Baliyan S, Poonia AK, Sirohi P, Kanwar M, Gazal S, Kumari A, Sircar D, Germain H, Chauhan H. Heat-stress-responsive HvHSFA2e gene regulates the heat and drought tolerance in barley through modulation of phytohormone and secondary metabolic pathways. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:172. [PMID: 38874775 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03251-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The heat stress transcription factor HSFA2e regulates both temperature and drought response via hormonal and secondary metabolism alterations. High temperature and drought are the primary yield-limiting environmental constraints for staple food crops. Heat shock transcription factors (HSF) terminally regulate the plant abiotic stress responses to maintain growth and development under extreme environmental conditions. HSF genes of subclass A2 predominantly express under heat stress (HS) and activate the transcriptional cascade of defense-related genes. In this study, a highly heat-inducible HSF, HvHSFA2e was constitutively expressed in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to investigate its role in abiotic stress response and plant development. Transgenic barley plants displayed enhanced heat and drought tolerance in terms of increased chlorophyll content, improved membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation, and less accumulation of ROS in comparison to wild-type (WT) plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed that HvHSFA2e positively regulates the expression of abiotic stress-related genes encoding HSFs, HSPs, and enzymatic antioxidants, contributing to improved stress tolerance in transgenic plants. The major genes of ABA biosynthesis pathway, flavonoid, and terpene metabolism were also upregulated in transgenics. Our findings show that HvHSFA2e-mediated upregulation of heat-responsive genes, modulation in ABA and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways enhance drought and heat stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
- Magadh University, BodhGaya, 824234, Bihar, India
| | - Chanderkant Chaudhary
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Suchi Baliyan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anuj Kumar Poonia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Parul Sirohi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Meenakshi Kanwar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Snehi Gazal
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Bd des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H9, Canada
| | - Annu Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hugo Germain
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Bd des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H9, Canada
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Hao X, He S. Genome-wide identification, classification and expression analysis of the heat shock transcription factor family in Garlic (Allium sativum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:421. [PMID: 38760734 PMCID: PMC11102281 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heat shock transcription factor (HSF) plays a crucial role in the regulatory network by coordinating responses to heat stress as well as other stress signaling pathways. Despite extensive studies on HSF functions in various plant species, our understanding of this gene family in garlic, an important crop with nutritional and medicinal value, remains limited. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of the entire garlic genome to elucidate the characteristics of the AsHSF gene family. RESULTS In this study, we identified a total of 17 AsHSF transcription factors. Phylogenetic analysis classified these transcription factors into three subfamilies: Class A (9 members), Class B (6 members), and Class C (2 members). Each subfamily was characterized by shared gene structures and conserved motifs. The evolutionary features of the AsHSF genes were investigated through a comprehensive analysis of chromosome location, conserved protein motifs, and gene duplication events. These findings suggested that the evolution of AsHSF genes is likely driven by both tandem and segmental duplication events. Moreover, the nucleotide diversity of the AsHSF genes decreased by only 0.0002% from wild garlic to local garlic, indicating a slight genetic bottleneck experienced by this gene family during domestication. Furthermore, the analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoters of AsHSF genes indicated their crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. qRT-PCR analysis, co-expression analysis, and protein interaction prediction collectively highlighted the significance of Asa6G04911. Subsequent experimental investigations using yeast two-hybridization and yeast induction experiments confirmed its interaction with HSP70/90, reinforcing its significance in heat stress. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to unravel and analyze the AsHSF genes in garlic, thereby opening up new avenues for understanding their functions. The insights gained from this research provide a valuable resource for future investigations, particularly in the functional analysis of AsHSF genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Hao
- Institute of Neurobiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shutao He
- Institute of Biotechnology and Health, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China.
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Ahmadi-Ochtapeh H, Soltanloo H, Ramezanpour SS, Yamchi A, Shariati V. RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling of immature grain wheat is a technique for understanding comparative modeling of baking quality. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10940. [PMID: 38740888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Improving the baking quality is a primary challenge in the wheat flour production value chain, as baking quality represents a crucial factor in determining its overall value. In the present study, we conducted a comparative RNA-Seq analysis on the high baking quality mutant "O-64.1.10" genotype and its low baking quality wild type "Omid" cultivar to recognize potential genes associated with bread quality. The cDNA libraries were constructed from immature grains that were 15 days post-anthesis, with an average of 16.24 and 18.97 million paired-end short-read sequences in the mutant and wild-type, respectively. A total number of 733 transcripts with differential expression were identified, 585 genes up-regulated and 188 genes down-regulated in the "O-64.1.10" genotype compared to the "Omid". In addition, the families of HSF, bZIP, C2C2-Dof, B3-ARF, BES1, C3H, GRF, HB-HD-ZIP, PLATZ, MADS-MIKC, GARP-G2-like, NAC, OFP and TUB were appeared as the key transcription factors with specific expression in the "O-64.1.10" genotype. At the same time, pathways related to baking quality were identified through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Collectively, we found that the endoplasmic network, metabolic pathways, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, hormone signaling pathway, B group vitamins, protein pathways, pathways associated with carbohydrate and fat metabolism, as well as the biosynthesis and metabolism of various amino acids, have a great deal of potential to play a significant role in the baking quality. Ultimately, the RNA-seq results were confirmed using quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR for some hub genes such as alpha-gliadin, low molecular weight glutenin subunit and terpene synthase (gibberellin) and as a resource for future study, 127 EST-SSR primers were generated using RNA-seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ahmadi-Ochtapeh
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hassan Soltanloo
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Seyyede Sanaz Ramezanpour
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ahad Yamchi
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Shariati
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Assistant Professor in National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Karaj, Iran
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Chang H, Wu T, Shalmani A, Xu L, Li C, Zhang W, Pan R. Heat shock protein HvHSP16.9 from wild barley enhances tolerance to salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:687-704. [PMID: 38846458 PMCID: PMC11150235 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to play a crucial role in the response of plants to environmental stress, particularly heat stress. Nevertheless, the function of HSPs in salt stress tolerance in plants, especially in barley, remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate and compare the salt tolerance mechanisms between wild barley EC_S1 and cultivated barley RGT Planet through a comprehensive analysis of physiological parameters and transcriptomic profiles. Results demonstrated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EC_S1 was significantly higher than in RGT Planet, indicating that wild barley gene regulation is more adaptive to salt stress. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the processes of photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Furthermore, the application of weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) enabled the identification of a set of key genes, including small heat shock protein (sHSP), Calmodulin-like proteins (CML), and protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C). Subsequently, a novel sHSP gene, HvHSP16.9 encoding a protein of 16.9 kDa, was cloned from wild barley, and its role in plant response to salt stress was elucidated. In Arabidopsis, overexpression of HvHSP16.9 increased the salt tolerance. Meanwhile, barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) of HvHSP16.9 significantly reduced the salt tolerance in wild barley. Overall, this study offers a new theoretical framework for comprehending the tolerance and adaptation mechanisms of wild barley under salt stress. It provides valuable insights into the salt tolerance function of HSP, and identifies new candidate genes for enhancing cultivated barley varieties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01455-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Chang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Le Xu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6105 Australia
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Rui Pan
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
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Zhang L, Li T, Wang L, Cao K, Gao W, Yan S, Cao J, Lu J, Ma C, Chang C, Zhang H. A wheat heat shock transcription factor gene, TaHsf-7A, regulates seed dormancy and germination. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108541. [PMID: 38552264 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play multifaceted roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental factors. However, their involvement in seed dormancy and germination processes has remained elusive. In this study, we identified a wheat class B Hsf gene, TaHsf-7A, with higher expression in strong-dormancy varieties compared to weak-dormancy varieties during seed imbibition. Specifically, TaHsf-7A expression increased during seed dormancy establishment and subsequently declined during dormancy release. Through the identification of a 1-bp insertion (ins)/deletion (del) variation in the coding region of TaHsf-7A among wheat varieties with different dormancy levels, we developed a CAPS marker, Hsf-7A-1319, resulting in two allelic variations: Hsf-7A-1319-ins and Hsf-7A-1319-del. Notably, the allele Hsf-7A-1319-ins correlated with a reduced seed germination rate and elevated dormancy levels, while Hsf-7A-1319-del exhibited the opposite trend across 175 wheat varieties. The association of TaHsf-7A allelic status with seed dormancy and germination levels was confirmed in various genetically modified species, including Arabidopsis, rice, and wheat. Results from the dual luciferase assay demonstrated notable variations in transcriptional activity among transformants harboring distinct TaHsf-7A alleles. Furthermore, the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA), along with the expression levels of ABA and GA biosynthesis genes, showed significant differences between transgenic rice lines carrying different alleles of TaHsf-7A. These findings represent a significant step towards a comprehensive understanding of TaHsf-7A's involvement in the dormancy and germination processes of wheat seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litian Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Cao
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Shengnan Yan
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Cao
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Lu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanxi Ma
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Haiping Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
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Venzhik Y, Deryabin A, Zhukova K. Au-Based Nanoparticles Enhance Low Temperature Tolerance in Wheat by Regulating Some Physiological Parameters and Gene Expression. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1261. [PMID: 38732476 PMCID: PMC11085431 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
One of the key problems of biology is how plants adapt to unfavorable conditions, such as low temperatures. A special focus is placed on finding ways to increase tolerance in important agricultural crops like wheat. Au-based nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have been employed extensively in this area in recent years. Au-NPs can be produced fast and easily using low-cost chemical reagents. When employed in microdoses, Au-NPs are often non-toxic to plants, animals, and people. In addition, Au-NPs mainly have favorable impacts on plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of Au-NP seed nanopriming (diameter 15.3 nm, Au concentration 5-50 µg mL-1) on cold tolerance, as well as some physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters, of cold-sustainable wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotype Zlata. The treatment with Au-NPs improved tolerance to low temperatures in control conditions and after cold hardening. Au-NPs treatment boosted the intensity of growth processes, the quantity of photosynthetic pigments, sucrose in leaves, and the expressions of encoded RuBisCo and Wcor15 genes. The potential mechanisms of Au-NPs' influence on the cold tolerance of wheat varieties were considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Venzhik
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (A.D.); (K.Z.)
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Deryabin A, Zhukova K, Naraikina N, Venzhik Y. Effect of Low Temperature on Content of Primary Metabolites in Two Wheat Genotypes Differing in Cold Tolerance. Metabolites 2024; 14:199. [PMID: 38668327 PMCID: PMC11052526 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of cold-tolerance mechanisms of wheat as a leading cereal crop is very relevant to science. Primary metabolites play an important role in the formation of increased cold tolerance. The aim of this research is to define changes in the content of primary metabolites (soluble proteins and sugars), growth, and photosynthetic apparatus of freezing-tolerant and cold-sustainable wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under optimal conditions and after prolonged (7 days) exposure to low temperature (4 °C). In order to gain a deeper comprehension of the mechanisms behind wheat genotypes' adaptation to cold, we determined the expression levels of photosynthetic genes (RbcS, RbcL) and genes encoding cold-regulated proteins (Wcor726, CBF14). The results indicated different cold-adaptation strategies of freezing-tolerant and cold-sustainable wheat genotypes, with soluble proteins and sugars playing a significant role in this process. In plants of freezing-tolerant genotypes, the strategy of adaptation to low temperature was aimed at increasing the content of soluble proteins and modification of carbohydrate metabolism. The accumulation of sugars was not observed in wheat of cold-sustainable genotypes during chilling, but a high content of soluble proteins was maintained both under optimal conditions and after cold exposure. The adaptation strategies of wheat genotypes differing in cold tolerance were related to the expression of photosynthetic genes and genes encoding cold-regulated proteins. The data improve our knowledge of physiological and biochemical mechanisms of wheat cold adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Deryabin
- K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (K.Z.); (N.N.); (Y.V.)
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11
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Sun T, Wang W, Hu X, Meng L, Xiang L, Wang Y, Wang C, Luo H, Ziyomo C, Chan Z. HSFA3 functions as a positive regulator of HSFA2a to enhance thermotolerance in perennial ryegrass. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108512. [PMID: 38493664 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a widely used cool season turfgrass with outstanding turf quality and grazing tolerance. High temperature is the key factor restricting the distribution of perennial ryegrass in temperate and sub-tropic regions. In this study, we found that one HEAT SHCOK TRANSCRIPTION FACOTR (HSF) class A gene from perennial ryegrass, LpHSFA3, was highly induced by heat stress. LpHSFA3 is localized in nucleus and functions as a transcription factor. Ectopic overexpression of LpHSFA3 in Arabidopsis improved thermotolerance and rescued heat sensitive deficiency of athsfa3 mutant. Overexpression of LpHSFA3 in perennial ryegrass enhanced heat tolerance and increased survival rate in summer season as evidenced by decreased EL and MDA, increased number of green leaves and total chlorophyll content. LpHSFA3 binds to the HSE region in LpHSFA2a promoter to constitutively activate the expression of LpHSFA2a and downstream heat stress responsive genes. Ectopic overexpression of LpHSFA2a consequently rescued thermal sensitivity of athsfa3 mutant and enhanced thermotolerance of athsfa2 mutant. Perennial ryegrass protoplasts with overexpression of LpHSFA3 and LpHSFA2a exhibited induction of similar subsets of heat responsive genes. These results indicated that transcription factor LpHSFA3 functions as positive regulator of LpHSFA2a to improve thermotolerance of perennial ryegrass, providing further evidence to understand the regulatory networks of plant heat stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xianmei Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lin Meng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Cathrine Ziyomo
- Biosciences for Africa (B4A), International Livestock Research Institute, Box 30709, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zhulong Chan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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12
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Wu Z, Li T, Ding L, Wang C, Teng R, Xu S, Cao X, Teng N. Lily LlHSFC2 coordinates with HSFAs to balance heat stress response and improve thermotolerance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2124-2142. [PMID: 38185817 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) are core regulators of plant heat stress response. Much research has focused on class A and B HSFs, leaving those of class C relatively understudied. Here, we reported a lily (Lilium longiflorum) heat-inducible HSFC2 homology involved in thermotolerance. LlHSFC2 was located in the nucleus and cytoplasm and exhibited a repression ability by binding heat stress element. Overexpression of LlHSFC2 in Arabidopsis, tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana), and lily, all increased the thermotolerance. Conversely, silencing of LlHSFC2 in lily reduced its thermotolerance. LlHSFC2 could interact with itself, or interact with LlHSFA1, LlHSFA2, LlHSFA3A, and LlHSFA3B of lily, AtHSFA1e and AtHSFA2 of Arabidopsis, and NbHSFA2 of tobacco. LlHSFC2 interacted with HSFAs to accelerate their transactivation ability and act as a transcriptional coactivator. Notably, compared with the separate LlHSFA3A overexpression, co-overexpression of LlHSFC2/LlHSFA3A further enhanced thermotolerance of transgenic plants. In addition, after suffering HS, the homologous interaction of LlHSFC2 was repressed, but its heterologous interaction with the heat-inducible HSFAs was promoted, enabling it to exert its co-activation effect for thermotolerance establishment and maintenance. Taken together, we identified that LlHSFC2 plays an active role in the general balance and maintenance of heat stress response by cooperating with HSFAs, and provided an important candidate for the enhanced thermotolerance breeding of crops and horticulture plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Liping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Chengpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Renda Teng
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Sujuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Xing Cao
- College of Architecture, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Nianjun Teng
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
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Dorantes-Palma D, Pérez-Mora S, Azuara-Liceaga E, Pérez-Rueda E, Pérez-Ishiwara DG, Coca-González M, Medel-Flores MO, Gómez-García C. Screening and Structural Characterization of Heat Shock Response Elements (HSEs) in Entamoeba histolytica Promoters. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1319. [PMID: 38279319 PMCID: PMC10815948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica) exhibits a remarkable capacity to respond to thermal shock stress through a sophisticated genetic regulation mechanism. This process is carried out via Heat Shock Response Elements (HSEs), which are recognized by Heat Shock Transcription Factors (EhHSTFs), enabling fine and precise control of gene expression. Our study focused on screening for HSEs in the promoters of the E. histolytica genome, specifically analyzing six HSEs, including Ehpgp5, EhrabB1, EhrabB4, EhrabB5, Ehmlbp, and Ehhsp100. We discovered 2578 HSEs, with 1412 in promoters of hypothetical genes and 1166 in coding genes. We observed that a single promoter could contain anywhere from one to five HSEs. Gene ontology analysis revealed the presence of HSEs in essential genes for the amoeba, including cysteine proteinases, ribosomal genes, Myb family DNA-binding proteins, and Rab GTPases, among others. Complementarily, our molecular docking analyses indicate that these HSEs are potentially recognized by EhHSTF5, EhHSTF6, and EhHSTF7 factors in their trimeric conformation. These findings suggest that E. histolytica has the capability to regulate a wide range of critical genes via HSE-EhHSTFs, not only for thermal stress response but also for vital functions of the parasite. This is the first comprehensive study of HSEs in the genome of E. histolytica, significantly contributing to the understanding of its genetic regulation and highlighting the complexity and precision of this mechanism in the parasite's survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dorantes-Palma
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 1, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico; (D.D.-P.); (S.P.-M.); (D.G.P.-I.); (M.C.-G.); (M.O.M.-F.)
| | - Salvador Pérez-Mora
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 1, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico; (D.D.-P.); (S.P.-M.); (D.G.P.-I.); (M.C.-G.); (M.O.M.-F.)
| | - Elisa Azuara-Liceaga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City 03100, Mexico;
| | - Ernesto Pérez-Rueda
- Unidad Académica del Estado de Yucatán, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 97302, Mexico;
| | - David Guillermo Pérez-Ishiwara
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 1, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico; (D.D.-P.); (S.P.-M.); (D.G.P.-I.); (M.C.-G.); (M.O.M.-F.)
| | - Misael Coca-González
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 1, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico; (D.D.-P.); (S.P.-M.); (D.G.P.-I.); (M.C.-G.); (M.O.M.-F.)
| | - María Olivia Medel-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 1, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico; (D.D.-P.); (S.P.-M.); (D.G.P.-I.); (M.C.-G.); (M.O.M.-F.)
| | - Consuelo Gómez-García
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 1, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico; (D.D.-P.); (S.P.-M.); (D.G.P.-I.); (M.C.-G.); (M.O.M.-F.)
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14
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Ma Z, Zhao B, Zhang H, Duan S, Liu Z, Guo X, Meng X, Li G. Upregulation of Wheat Heat Shock Transcription Factor TaHsfC3-4 by ABA Contributes to Drought Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:977. [PMID: 38256051 PMCID: PMC10816066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress can seriously affect the yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum). So far, although few wheat heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) have been found to be involved in the stress response, the biological functions of them, especially the members of the HsfC (heat shock transcription factor C) subclass, remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a class C encoding gene, TaHsfC3-4, based on our previous omics data and analyzed its biological function in transgenic plants. TaHsfC3-4 encodes a protein containing 274 amino acids and shows the basic characteristics of the HsfC class. Gene expression profiles revealed that TaHsfC3-4 was constitutively expressed in many tissues of wheat and was induced during seed maturation. TaHsfC3-4 could be upregulated by PEG and abscisic acid (ABA), suggesting that this Hsf may be involved in the regulation pathway depending on ABA in drought resistance. Further results represented that TaHsfC3-4 was localized in the nucleus but had no transcriptional activation activity. Notably, overexpression of TaHsfC3-4 in Arabidopsis thaliana pyr1pyl1pyl2pyl4 (pyr1pyl124) quadruple mutant plants complemented the ABA-hyposensitive phenotypes of the quadruple mutant including cotyledon greening, root elongation, seedling growth, and increased tolerance to drought, indicating positive roles of TaHsfC3-4 in the ABA signaling pathway and drought tolerance. Furthermore, we identified TaHsfA2-11 as a TaHsfC3-4-interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening. The experimental data show that TaHsfC3-4 can indeed interact with TaHsfA2-11 in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis TaHsfA2-11 overexpression lines exhibited enhanced drought tolerance, too. In summary, our study confirmed the role of TaHsfC3-4 in response to drought stress and provided a target locus for marker-assisted selection breeding to improve drought tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Ma
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Baihui Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Huaning Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Shuonan Duan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Zihui Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiulin Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiangzhao Meng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Guoliang Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; (Z.M.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.D.); (Z.L.); (X.G.)
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15
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Ding X, Lv M, Liu Y, Guo Q, Gai J, Yang S. A small heat shock protein GmHSP18.5a improves the male fertility restorability of cytoplasmic male sterility-based restorer line under high temperature stress in soybean. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 337:111867. [PMID: 37741497 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock protein (sHSP) is involved in high temperature (HT) stress response. However, the function of sHSPs in regulating male fertility of soybean under HT stress remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a sHSP gene, GmHSP18.5a, which was responded to HT stress during flowering in cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-based restorer line of soybean. Moreover, GmHSFA6b turned out to directly activated the expression of GmHSP18.5a by binding to the heat shock cis-element in its promoter. Overexpression of GmHSP18.5a increased male fertility in transgenic Arabidopsis, soybean CMS-based restorer line and its hybrid F1 with CMS line under HT stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content detection revealed that GmHSP18.5a promoted the ROS scavenging ability of Arabidopsis inflorescence and soybean flower bud under HT stress. Enzyme activity assay and gene expression analysis indicated that GmHS18.5a mainly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression level of ROS metabolism-related genes under HT stress. Our results indicated that GmHSP18.5a improved the male fertility restorability of CMS-based restorer line in soybean by regulating ROS metabolic pathway and reducing ROS accumulation. Our findings not only revealed the molecular mechanism of sHSP regulating the male fertility of soybean under HT stress, but also provided a theoretical basis for creating strong restorer line with thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Ding
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China), MOE National Innovation Platform for Soybean Bio-breeding Industry and Education Integration, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Menglin Lv
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China), MOE National Innovation Platform for Soybean Bio-breeding Industry and Education Integration, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China), MOE National Innovation Platform for Soybean Bio-breeding Industry and Education Integration, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qingling Guo
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China), MOE National Innovation Platform for Soybean Bio-breeding Industry and Education Integration, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Junyi Gai
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China), MOE National Innovation Platform for Soybean Bio-breeding Industry and Education Integration, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shouping Yang
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China), MOE National Innovation Platform for Soybean Bio-breeding Industry and Education Integration, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Xu Y, Jin Y, He D, Di H, Liang Y, Xu Y. A Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profile of Heat Shock Transcription Factor (Hsf) Gene Family in Rhododendron simsii. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3917. [PMID: 38005814 PMCID: PMC10674592 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors are key players in a number of transcriptional regulatory pathways that function during plant growth and development. However, their mode of action in Rhododendron simsii is still unclear. In this study, 22 RsHsf genes were identified from genomic data of R. simsii. The 22 genes were randomly distributed on 12 chromosomes, and were divided into three major groups according to their phylogenetic relationships. The structures and conserved motifs were predicted for the 22 genes. Analysis of cis-acting elements revealed stress-responsive and phytohormone-responsive elements in the gene promoter regions, but the types and number varied among the different groups of genes. Transcriptional profile analyses revealed that RsHsfs were expressed in a tissue-specific manner, with particularly high transcript levels in the roots. The transcriptional profiles under abiotic stress were detected by qRT-PCR, and the results further validated the critical function of RsHsfs. This study provides basic information about RsHsf family in R. simsii, and paves the way for further research to clarify their precise roles and to breed new stress-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.X.); (H.D.); (Y.L.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Zhuji Economic Specialty Station, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.J.); (D.H.)
| | - Dan He
- Zhuji Economic Specialty Station, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.J.); (D.H.)
| | - Haochen Di
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.X.); (H.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liang
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.X.); (H.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanxia Xu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.X.); (H.D.); (Y.L.)
- Zhuji Economic Specialty Station, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.J.); (D.H.)
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Zhu W, Xue C, Chen M, Yang Q. StHsfB5 Promotes Heat Resistance by Directly Regulating the Expression of Hsp Genes in Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16528. [PMID: 38003725 PMCID: PMC10671264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With global warming, high temperatures have become a major environmental stress that inhibits plant growth and development. Plants evolve several mechanisms to cope with heat stress accordingly. One of the important mechanisms is the Hsf (heat shock factor)-Hsp (heat shock protein) signaling pathway. Therefore, the plant transcription factor Hsf family plays important roles in response to heat stress. All Hsfs can be divided into three classes (A, B, and C). Usually, class-A Hsfs are transcriptional activators, while class-B Hsfs are transcriptional repressors. In potato, our previous work identified 27 Hsfs in the genome and analyzed HsfA3 and HsfA4C functions that promote potato heat resistance. However, the function of HsfB is still elusive. In this study, the unique B5 member StHsfB5 in potato was obtained, and its characterizations and functions were comprehensively analyzed. A quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay showed that StHsfB5 was highly expressed in root, and its expression was induced by heat treatment and different kinds of phytohormones. The subcellular localization of StHsfB5 was in the nucleus, which is consistent with the characterization of transcription factors. The transgenic lines overexpressing StHsfB5 showed higher heat resistance compared with that of the control nontransgenic lines and inhibitory lines. Experiments on the interaction between protein and DNA indicated that the StHsfB5 protein can directly bind to the promoters of target genes small Hsps (sHsp17.6, sHsp21, and sHsp22.7) and Hsp80, and then induce the expressions of these target genes. All these results showed that StHsfB5 may be a coactivator that promotes potato heat resistance ability by directly inducing the expression of its target genes sHsp17.6, sHsp21, sHsp22.7, and Hsp80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.X.); (M.C.)
| | | | | | - Qing Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.X.); (M.C.)
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Kumar RR, Dubey K, Goswami S, Rai GK, Rai PK, Salgotra RK, Bakshi S, Mishra D, Mishra GP, Chinnusamy V. Transcriptional Regulation of Small Heat Shock Protein 17 (sHSP-17) by Triticum aestivum HSFA2h Transcription Factor Confers Tolerance in Arabidopsis under Heat Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3598. [PMID: 37896061 PMCID: PMC10609734 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) contribute significantly to thermotolerance acclimation. Here, we identified and cloned a putative HSF gene (HSFA2h) of 1218 nucleotide (acc. no. KP257297.1) from wheat cv. HD2985 using a de novo transcriptomic approach and predicted sHSP as its potential target. The expression of HSFA2h and its target gene (HSP17) was observed at the maximum level in leaf tissue under heat stress (HS), as compared to the control. The HSFA2h-pRI101 binary construct was mobilized in Arabidopsis, and further screening of T3 transgenic lines showed improved tolerance at an HS of 38 °C compared with wild type (WT). The expression of HSFA2h was observed to be 2.9- to 3.7-fold higher in different Arabidopsis transgenic lines under HS. HSFA2h and its target gene transcripts (HSP18.2 in the case of Arabidopsis) were observed to be abundant in transgenic Arabidopsis plants under HS. We observed a positive correlation between the expression of HSFA2h and HSP18.2 under HS. Evaluation of transgenic lines using different physio-biochemical traits linked with thermotolerance showed better performance of HS-treated transgenic Arabidopsis plants compared with WT. There is a need to further characterize the gene regulatory network (GRN) of HSFA2h and sHSP in order to modulate the HS tolerance of wheat and other agriculturally important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet R Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Kavita Dubey
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gyanendra K Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu 180009, India
| | - Pradeep K Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu 180009, India
| | - Romesh K Salgotra
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural University of Jammu (J&K), Jammu 180009, India
| | - Suman Bakshi
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Dwijesh Mishra
- Centre for Agricultural Bio-Informatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gyan P Mishra
- Division of Seed Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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19
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Kitavi M, Gemenet DC, Wood JC, Hamilton JP, Wu S, Fei Z, Khan A, Buell CR. Identification of genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e532. [PMID: 37794882 PMCID: PMC10546384 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.), a key food security crop, is negatively impacted by heat, drought, and salinity stress. The orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivar "Beauregard" was exposed to heat, salt, and drought treatments for 24 and 48 h to identify genes responding to each stress condition in leaves. Analysis revealed both common (35 up regulated, 259 down regulated genes in the three stress conditions) and unique sets of up regulated (1337 genes by drought, 516 genes by heat, and 97 genes by salt stress) and down regulated (2445 genes by drought, 678 genes by heat, and 204 genes by salt stress) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) suggesting common, yet stress-specific transcriptional responses to these three abiotic stressors. Gene Ontology analysis of down regulated DEGs common to both heat and salt stress revealed enrichment of terms associated with "cell population proliferation" suggestive of an impact on the cell cycle by the two stress conditions. To identify shared and unique gene co-expression networks under multiple abiotic stress conditions, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed using gene expression profiles from heat, salt, and drought stress treated 'Beauregard' leaves yielding 18 co-expression modules. One module was enriched for "response to water deprivation," "response to abscisic acid," and "nitrate transport" indicating synergetic crosstalk between nitrogen, water, and phytohormones with genes encoding osmotin, cell expansion, and cell wall modification proteins present as key hub genes in this drought-associated module. This research lays the groundwork for exploring to a further degree, mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Kitavi
- Research Technology Support Facility (RTSF)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Dorcus C. Gemenet
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF HouseNairobiKenya
| | - Joshua C. Wood
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - John P. Hamilton
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Shan Wu
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Awais Khan
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- Present address:
Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityGenevaNew YorkUSA
| | - C. Robin Buell
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, & GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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Wang H, Feng M, Jiang Y, Du D, Dong C, Zhang Z, Wang W, Liu J, Liu X, Li S, Chen Y, Guo W, Xin M, Yao Y, Ni Z, Sun Q, Peng H, Liu J. Thermosensitive SUMOylation of TaHsfA1 defines a dynamic ON/OFF molecular switch for the heat stress response in wheat. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:3889-3910. [PMID: 37399070 PMCID: PMC10533334 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Dissecting genetic components in crop plants associated with heat stress (HS) sensing and adaptation will facilitate the design of modern crop varieties with improved thermotolerance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the ON/OFF switch controlling HS responses (HSRs) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) remain largely unknown. In this study, we focused on the molecular action of TaHsfA1, a class A heat shock transcription factor, in sensing dynamically changing HS signals and regulating HSRs. We show that the TaHsfA1 protein is modified by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and that this modification is essential for the full transcriptional activation activity of TaHsfA1 in triggering downstream gene expression. During sustained heat exposure, the SUMOylation of TaHsfA1 is suppressed, which partially reduces TaHsfA1 protein activity, thereby reducing the intensity of downstream HSRs. In addition, we demonstrate that TaHsfA1 interacts with the histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 in a thermosensitive manner. Together, our findings emphasize the importance of TaHsfA1 in thermotolerance in wheat. In addition, they define a highly dynamic SUMOylation-dependent "ON/OFF" molecular switch that senses temperature signals and contributes to thermotolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Man Feng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dejie Du
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaoheng Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sufang Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weilong Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Liu H, Li X, Zi Y, Zhao G, Zhu L, Hong L, Li M, Wang S, Long R, Kang J, Yang Q, Chen L. Characterization of the Heat Shock Transcription Factor Family in Medicago sativa L. and Its Potential Roles in Response to Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12683. [PMID: 37628861 PMCID: PMC10454044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are important regulatory factors in plant stress responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses and play important roles in growth and development. The HSF gene family has been systematically identified and analyzed in many plants but it is not in the tetraploid alfalfa genome. We detected 104 HSF genes (MsHSFs) in the tetraploid alfalfa genome ("Xinjiangdaye" reference genome) and classified them into three subgroups: 68 in HSFA, 35 in HSFB and 1 in HSFC subgroups. Basic bioinformatics analysis, including genome location, protein sequence length, protein molecular weight and conserved motif identification, was conducted. Gene expression analysis revealed tissue-specific expression for 13 MsHSFs and tissue-wide expression for 28 MsHSFs. Based on transcriptomic data analysis, 21, 11 and 27 MsHSFs responded to drought stress, cold stress and salt stress, respectively, with seven responding to all three. According to RT-PCR, MsHSF27/33 expression gradually increased with cold, salt and drought stress condition duration; MsHSF6 expression increased over time under salt and drought stress conditions but decreased under cold stress. Our results provide key information for further functional analysis of MsHSFs and for genetic improvement of stress resistance in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xianyang Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Yunfei Zi
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos 017000, China; (Y.Z.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (L.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos 017000, China; (Y.Z.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (L.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos 017000, China; (Y.Z.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (L.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Ling Hong
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos 017000, China; (Y.Z.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (L.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Shiqing Wang
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos 017000, China; (Y.Z.); (G.Z.); (L.Z.); (L.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (R.L.); (J.K.); (Q.Y.)
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22
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Kumar R, Adhikary A, Saini R, Khan SA, Yadav M, Kumar S. Drought priming induced thermotolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during reproductive stage; a multifaceted tolerance approach against terminal heat stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107840. [PMID: 37379659 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), terminal heat stress obstructs reproductive functioning eventually leading to yield loss. Drought priming during the vegetative stage can trigger a quicker and effective defense response against impending high temperature stress and improve crop production. In the present study, two contrasting wheat cultivars (PBW670 and C306) were subjected to moderate drought stress of 50-55% field capacity for eight days during the jointing stage to generate drought priming (DP) response. Fifteen days after anthesis heat stress (36 °C) was imposed for three days and physiological response of primed, and non-primed plants was assessed by analyzing membrane damage, water status and antioxidative enzymes. Heat shock transcription factors (14 TaHSFs), calmodulin (TaCaM5), antioxidative genes (TaSOD, TaPOX), polyamine biosynthesis genes and glutathione biosynthesis genes were analyzed. GC-MS based untargeted metabolite profiling was carried out to underpin the associated metabolic changes. Yield related parameters were recorded at maturity to finally assess the priming response. Heat stress response was visible from day one of exposure in terms of membrane damage and elevated antioxidative enzymes activity. DP reduced the impact of heat stress by lowering the membrane damage (ELI, MDA & LOX) and enhancing antioxidative enzyme activity except APX in both the cultivars. Drought priming upregulated the expression of HSFs, calmodulin, antioxidative genes, polyamines, and the glutathione biosynthesis genes. Drought priming altered key amino acids, carbohydrate, and fatty acid metabolism in PBW670 but also promoted thermotolerance in C306. Overall, DP provided a multifaceted approach against heat stress and positive association with yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashpal Kumar
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Arindam Adhikary
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Rashmi Saini
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Shahied Ahmed Khan
- Department of Botany, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Manisha Yadav
- Department of Botany, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India; Department of Botany, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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23
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Lakhneko O, Stasik O, Škultéty Ľ, Kiriziy D, Sokolovska-Sergiienko O, Kovalenko M, Danchenko M. Transient drought during flowering modifies the grain proteome of bread winter wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1181834. [PMID: 37441186 PMCID: PMC10333505 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is among the most limiting factors for sustainable agricultural production. Water shortage at the onset of flowering severely affects the quality and quantity of grain yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Herein, we measured oxidative stress and photosynthesis-related parameters upon applying transient drought on contrasting wheat cultivars at the flowering stage of ontogenesis. The sensitive cultivar (Darunok Podillia) showed ineffective water management and a more severe decline in photosynthesis. Apparently, the tolerant genotype (Odeska 267) used photorespiration to dissipate excessive light energy. The tolerant cultivar sooner induced superoxide dismutase and showed less inhibited photosynthesis. Such a protective effect resulted in less affected yield and spectrum of seed proteome. The tolerant cultivar had a more stable gluten profile, which defines bread-making quality, upon drought. Water deficit caused the accumulation of medically relevant proteins: (i) components of gluten in the sensitive cultivar and (ii) metabolic proteins in the tolerant cultivar. We propose specific proteins for further exploration as potential markers of drought tolerance for guiding efficient breeding: thaumatin-like protein, 14-3-3 protein, peroxiredoxins, peroxidase, FBD domain protein, and Ap2/ERF plus B3 domain protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Lakhneko
- Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Oleg Stasik
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ľudovit Škultéty
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dmytro Kiriziy
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Mariia Kovalenko
- Educational and Scientific Centre (ESC) “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Maksym Danchenko
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovakia
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24
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Cao X, Sui J, Li H, Yue W, Liu T, Hou D, Liang J, Wu Z. Enhancing heat stress tolerance in Lanzhou lily ( Lilium davidii var. unicolor) with Trichokonins isolated from Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1182977. [PMID: 37351207 PMCID: PMC10282843 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1182977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) is a renowned edible crop produced in China and relatively sensitive to high temperature (HT). Trichokonins (TKs) are antimicrobial peptaibols secreted from Trichoderma longibrachiatum strain SMF2. Here, we report that TKs application improves the thermotolerance of Lanzhou lily. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme system (SOD, CAT, and POD), the level of heat-resistance-associated phytohormones (ABA, SA, and JA), the relative water content (RWC), the content of chlorophyll (Chl), and the net photosynthetic rate (P n) were promoted by TKs treatment in Lanzhou lily plants subjected to heat stress (HS). TKs treatment also mitigated cell injury as shown by a lower accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and relative electrolyte leakage (REL) under HS conditions. RNA-seq data analysis showed that more than 4.5 times differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responded to TKs treatment under HS compared to non-HS, and TKs treatment reduced protein folding and enhanced cellular repair function under HS conditions. The analyses of DEGs involved in hormone (ABA, SA and JA) synthesis and signaling pathways suggested that TKs might improve Lanzhou lily heat tolerance by promoting ABA synthesis and signal transduction. TKs highly induced DEGs of the HSF-HSP pathway under HS, in which HSFA2 accounted for most of the HSF family. Furthermore, TKs treatment resulted in the upregulation of heat-protective genes LzDREB2B, LzHsfA2a, LzMBF1c, LzHsp90, and LzHsp70 involved in HSF-HSP signal pathway after long-term HS. LzHsfA2a-1 likely plays a key role in acquisition of TKs-induced thermotolerance of Lanzhou lily as evidenced by the sustained response to HS, the enhanced response to TKs treatment under long-term HS, and the high sequence similarity to LlHsfA2a which is a key regulator for the improvement of heat tolerance in Lilium longiflorum. Our results reveal the underlying mechanisms of TKs-mediated thermotolerance in Lanzhou lily and highlight an attractive approach to protecting crop plants from damage caused by HS in a global warming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Cao
- Department of Environmental Art Design, College of Architecture, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Juanjuan Sui
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-aging Chinese Herbal Medicine, Biology and Food Engineering College, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Environmental Art Design, College of Architecture, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenxiu Yue
- Department of Environmental Art Design, College of Architecture, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Environmental Art Design, College of Architecture, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Dong Hou
- Vegetable Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang M, Zhang M, Wang J, Dai S, Zhang M, Meng Q, Ma N, Zhuang K. Salicylic acid regulates two photosystem II protection pathways in tomato under chilling stress mediated by ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like proteins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1385-1404. [PMID: 36948885 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chilling stress seriously impairs photosynthesis and activates a series of molecular responses in plants. Previous studies have shown that ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 (EIN3) and EIN3-like (SlEIL) proteins mediate ethylene signaling and reduce plant tolerance to freezing in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying an EIN3/EILs-mediated photoprotection pathway under chilling stress are unclear. Here, we discovered that salicylic acid (SA) participates in photosystem II (PSII) protection via SlEIL2 and SlEIL7. Under chilling stress, the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene SlPAL5 plays an important role in the production of SA, which also induces WHIRLY1 (SlWHY1) transcription. The resulting accumulation of SlWHY1 activates SlEIL7 expression under chilling stress. SlEIL7 then binds to and blocks the repression domain of the heat shock factor SlHSFB-2B, releasing its inhibition of HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 21 (HSP21) expression to maintain PSII stability. In addition, SlWHY1 indirectly represses SlEIL2 expression, allowing the expression of l-GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE3 (SlGPP3). The ensuing higher SlGPP3 abundance promotes the accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), which scavenges reactive oxygen species produced upon chilling stress and thus protects PSII. Our study demonstrates that SlEIL2 and SlEIL7 protect PSII under chilling stress via two different SA response mechanisms: one involving the antioxidant AsA and the other involving the photoprotective chaperone protein HSP21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shanshan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Nana Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Kunyang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
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Xie H, Zhang P, Jiang C, Wang Q, Guo Y, Zhang X, Huang T, Liu J, Li L, Li H, Wang H, Qin P. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of high temperature stress response of quinoa seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:292. [PMID: 37264351 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) originates in high altitude areas, such as the Andes, and has some inherent characteristics of cold, drought, and salinity tolerance, but is sensitive to high temperature. RESULTS To gain insight into the response mechanism of quinoa to high temperature stress, we conducted an extensive targeted metabolomic study of two cultivars, Dianli-3101 and Dianli-3051, along with a combined transcriptome analysis. A total of 794 metabolites and 54,200 genes were detected, in which the genes related to photosynthesis were found down-regulated at high temperatures, and two metabolites, lipids and flavonoids, showed the largest changes in differential accumulation. Further analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and transcription factors revealed that quinoa inhibits photosynthesis at high temperatures, and the possible strategies being used for high temperature stress management are regulation of heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) to obtain heat tolerance, and regulation of purine metabolism to enhance stress signals for rapid response to high temperature stress. The tolerant genotype could have an enhanced response through lower purine levels. The induction of the stress response could be mediated by HSF transcription factors. The results of this study may provide theoretical references for understanding the response mechanism of quinoa to high temperature stress, and for screening potential high temperature tolerant target genes and high temperature tolerant strains. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal the regulation of the transcription factor family HSF and the purinergic pathway in response to high temperature stress to improve quinoa varieties with high temperature tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Xie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chunhe Jiang
- Academic Affairs Office, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qianchao Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yirui Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Tingzhi Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Junna Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hanxue Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Peng Qin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Wang L, Liu Y, Chai G, Zhang D, Fang Y, Deng K, Aslam M, Niu X, Zhang W, Qin Y, Wang X. Identification of passion fruit HSF gene family and the functional analysis of PeHSF-C1a in response to heat and osmotic stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107800. [PMID: 37253279 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) are the major regulators of plant response to environmental stress, especially heat and drought stress. To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying HSFs in the abiotic stress response of passion fruit, we conducted an in silico analysis of the HSF gene family. Through bioinformatics and phylogenetic analyses, we identified 18 PeHSF members and classified them into A, B, and C groups. Collinearity analysis results revealed that the expansion of the PeHSF gene family was due to the presence of segmental duplication. Furthermore, gene structure and protein domain analysis illustrated that PeHSFs in the same subgroup are relatively conserved. Conserved motif and function domain analysis suggested that PeHSF proteins possess typical conserved functional domains of the HSF family. A protein interaction network and 3D structure prediction were used to study the potential regulatory relationship of PeHSFs. Additionally, the subcellular localization results of PeHSF-A6a, PeHSF-B4b, and PeHSF-C1a were consistent with the predictions. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analysis revealed the expression patterns of PeHSFs in different tissues of passion fruit floral organs. Promoter analysis and the expression patterns of the PeHSFs under different treatments demonstrated their involvement in various abiotic stress processes. Notably, overexpression of PeHSF-C1a consistently enhanced tolerance to drought and heat stress in Arabidopsis. Overall, our findings provide a scientific basis for further functional studies of PeHSFs that could contribute to improvement of passion fruit breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Gaifeng Chai
- College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yunying Fang
- College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Kao Deng
- College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Mohammad Aslam
- College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xiaoping Niu
- College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Fine Variety Breeding Farm in Xinluo District, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; College of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China.
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Samtani H, Sharma A, Khurana P. Ectopic overexpression of TaHsfA5 promotes thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and thermotolerance in Oryza sativa. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s11103-023-01355-3. [PMID: 37166615 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress transcription factors (Hsfs) play an important role in regulating the heat stress response in plants. Among the Hsf family members, the group A members act upstream in initiating the response upon sensing heat stress and thus, impart thermotolerance to the plants. In the present study, wheat HsfA5 (TaHsfA5) was found to be one of the Hsfs, which was upregulated both in heat stress and during the recovery period after the stress. TaHsfA5 was found to interact with TaHsfA3 and TaHsfA4, both of which are known to positively regulate the heat stress-responsive genes. Apart from these, TaHsfA5 also interacted with TaHSBP2 protein, whose role has been implicated in attenuating the heat stress response. Further, its heterologous overexpression in Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa promoted thermotolerance in these plants. This indicated that TaHsfA5 positively regulated the heat stress response. Interestingly, the TaHsfA5 overexpression Arabidopsis plants when grown at warm temperatures showed a hyper-thermomorphogenic response in comparison to the wild-type plants. This was found to be consistent with the higher expression of PIF4 and its target auxin-responsive genes in these transgenics in contrast to the wild-type plants. Thus, these results suggest the involvement of TaHsfA5 both in the heat stress response as well as in the thermomorphogenic response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Samtani
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Aishwarye Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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Xue P, Sun Y, Hu D, Zhang J, Wan X. Genome-wide characterization of DcHsp90 gene family in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) and functional analysis of DcHsp90-6 in heat tolerance. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:807-819. [PMID: 36264387 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01815-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) participates in various physiological processes including protein folding, degradation, and signal transduction. However, the DcHsp90 gene family in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) has not been systematically analyzed. We thoroughly examined and comprehensively analyzed the carnation DcHsp90 gene family in this study and discovered 9 DcHsp90 genes. Based on the phylogenetic examination, DcHsp90 proteins may be divided into two groups. DcHsp90 structural features were similar but varied between groups. Promoter analysis revealed the presence of many cis-acting elements, most of which were connected to growth and development, hormones, and stress. DcHsp90 genes may play distinct functions in heat stress response, according to gene expression analyses. The DcHsp90-6 was isolated, and its role in the reaction to heat stress was studied. Thermotolerance and superoxide dismutase activity in transgenic seedlings were enhanced by Arabidopsis overexpression of DcHsp90-6. After heat stress, transgenic plants' electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels were much lower than wild-type plants. Furthermore, overexpression of DcHsp90-6 altered the expressions of stress-responsive genes such as AtHsp101, AtHsp90, AtGolS1, AtRS4/5, and AtHsfB1. This study provides comprehensive information on the DcHsp90 gene family and suggests that overexpressed DcHsp90-6 positively regulates thermotolerance highlighting the adaptation mechanism of carnation under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xue
- College of Landscape and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 100 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Sun
- College of Landscape and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 100 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Diandian Hu
- College of Landscape and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 100 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Wan
- College of Landscape and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 100 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Tang C, Shen Q, Fu J, Wang Q. Maize Transcription Factor ZmHsf28 Positively Regulates Plant Drought Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098079. [PMID: 37175787 PMCID: PMC10179534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of central genes governing plant drought tolerance is fundamental to molecular breeding and crop improvement. Here, maize transcription factor ZmHsf28 is identified as a positive regulator of plant drought responses. ZmHsf28 exhibited inducible gene expression in response to drought and other abiotic stresses. Overexpression of ZmHsf28 diminished drought effects in Arabidopsis and maize. Gene silencing of ZmHsf28 via the technology of virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) impaired maize drought tolerance. Overexpression of ZmHsf28 increased jasmonate (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) production in transgenic maize and Arabidopsis by more than two times compared to wild-type plants under drought conditions, while it decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and elevated stomatal sensitivity significantly. Transcriptomic analysis revealed extensive gene regulation by ZmHsf28 with upregulation of JA and ABA biosynthesis genes, ROS scavenging genes, and other drought related genes. ABA treatment promoted ZmHsf28 regulation of downstream target genes. Specifically, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay indicated that ZmHsf28 directly bound to the target gene promoters to regulate their gene expression. Taken together, our work provided new and solid evidence that ZmHsf28 improves drought tolerance both in the monocot maize and the dicot Arabidopsis through the implication of JA and ABA signaling and other signaling pathways, shedding light on molecular breeding for drought tolerance in maize and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qinqin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jingye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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31
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Myers ZA, Wootan CM, Liang Z, Zhou P, Engelhorn J, Hartwig T, Nathan SM. Conserved and variable heat stress responses of the Heat Shock Factor transcription factor family in maize and Setaria viridis. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e489. [PMID: 37124872 PMCID: PMC10133983 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Heat Shock Factor (HSF) transcription factor family is a central and required component of plant heat stress responses and acquired thermotolerance. The HSF family has dramatically expanded in plant lineages, often including a repertoire of 20 or more genes. Here we assess and compare the composition, heat responsiveness, and chromatin profiles of the HSF families in maize and Setaria viridis (Setaria), two model C4 panicoid grasses. Both species encode a similar number of HSFs, and examples of both conserved and variable expression responses to a heat stress event were observed between the two species. Chromatin accessibility and genome-wide DNA-binding profiles were generated to assess the chromatin of HSF family members with distinct responses to heat stress. We observed significant variability for both chromatin accessibility and promoter occupancy within similarly regulated sets of HSFs between Setaria and maize, as well as between syntenic pairs of maize HSFs retained following its most recent genome duplication event. Additionally, we observed the widespread presence of TF binding at HSF promoters in control conditions, even at HSFs that are only expressed in response to heat stress. TF-binding peaks were typically near putative HSF-binding sites in HSFs upregulated in response to heat stress, but not in stable or not expressed HSFs. These observations collectively support a complex scenario of expansion and subfunctionalization within this transcription factor family and suggest that within-family HSF transcriptional regulation is a conserved, defining feature of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A. Myers
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Clair M. Wootan
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Zhikai Liang
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Peng Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Crop SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Julia Engelhorn
- Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCologneGermany
| | - Thomas Hartwig
- Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCologneGermany
| | - Springer M. Nathan
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
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Yun L, Zhang Y, Li S, Yang J, Wang C, Zheng L, Ji L, Yang J, Song L, Shi Y, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Gao J. Phylogenetic and expression analyses of HSF gene families in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and characterization of TaHSFB4-2B under abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1047400. [PMID: 36762183 PMCID: PMC9905432 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1047400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) family is widely present in eukaryotes including plants. Recent studies have indicated that HSF is a multifunctional group of genes involved in plant growth and development, as well as response to abiotic stresses. Here we combined the bioinformatic, molecular biology way to dissect the function of Hsf, specifically HsfB4 in wheat under abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified 78 TaHSF genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and analyzed their phylogenetic relationship and expression regulation motifs. Next, the expression profiles of TaHSFs and AtHSFs were analyzed in different tissues as well as in response to abiotic stress. Furthermore, to explore the role of HSFB4 in abiotic stress response, we cloned TaHSFB4-2B from the wheat variety, Chinese Spring. Subcellular localization analysis showed that TaHSFB4-2B was localized in the nucleus. In addition, We observed TaHSFB4-2B was highly expressed in the root and stem, its transcription was induced under long-term heat shock, cold, and salinity stress. Additionally, overexpression of TaHSFB4-2B suppressed seed germination and growth in Arabidopsis with salinity and mannitol treatment. It also modulated the expression of stress-responsive genes, including AtHSP17.8, AtHSP17.6A, AtHSP17.6C, CAT2, and SOS1, under both normal and stress conditions. From these finding, we propose that TaHSFB4-2B act as a negative regulator of abiotic stress response in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Changyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lanjie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiaheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linhu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Life sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Life sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
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Licaj I, Di Meo MC, Fiorillo A, Samperna S, Marra M, Rocco M. Comparative Analysis of the Response to Polyethylene Glycol-Simulated Drought Stress in Roots from Seedlings of "Modern" and "Ancient" Wheat Varieties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:428. [PMID: 36771510 PMCID: PMC9921267 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean, where it is the basis for the production of high added-value food derivatives such as pasta. In the next few years, the detrimental effects of global climate change will represent a serious challenge to crop yields. For durum wheat, the threat of climate change is worsened by the fact that cultivation relies on a few genetically uniform, elite varieties, better suited to intensive cultivation than "traditional" ones but less resistant to environmental stress. Hence, the renewed interest in "ancient" traditional varieties are expected to be more tolerant to environmental stress as a source of genetic resources to be exploited for the selection of useful agronomic traits such as drought tolerance. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the effect and response of roots from the seedlings of two durum wheat cultivars: Svevo, a widely cultivated elite variety, and Saragolla, a traditional variety appreciated for its organoleptic characteristics, to Polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress. The effect of water stress on root growth was analyzed and related to biochemical data such as hydrogen peroxide production, electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation, proline synthesis, as well as to molecular data such as qRT-PCR analysis of drought responsive genes and proteomic analysis of changes in the protein repertoire of roots from the two cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilva Licaj
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Fiorillo
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Samperna
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Marra
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariapina Rocco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Devi J, Sagar V, Mishra GP, Jha PK, Gupta N, Dubey RK, Singh PM, Behera TK, Prasad PVV. Heat stress tolerance in peas ( Pisum sativum L.): Current status and way forward. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1108276. [PMID: 36733601 PMCID: PMC9887200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1108276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the era of climate change, the overall productivity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) is being threatened by several abiotic stresses including heat stress (HS). HS causes severe yield losses by adversely affecting several traits in peas. A reduction in pod yield has been reported from 11.1% to 17.5% when mean daily temperature increase from 1.4 to 2.2°C. High-temperature stress (30.5-33°C) especially during reproductive phase is known to drastically reduce both seed yield and germination. HS during germination and early vegetative stage resulted in poor emergence and stunted plant growth along with detrimental effects on physiological functions of the pea plant. To combat HS and continue its life cycle, plants use various defense strategies including heat escape, avoidance or tolerance mechanisms. Ironically, the threshold temperatures for pea plant and its responses are inconsistent and not yet clearly identified. Trait discovery through traditional breeding such as semi leaflessness (afila), upright growing habit, lodging tolerance, lower canopy temperature and small seeded nature has highlighted their utility for greater adaptation under HS in pea. Screening of crop gene pool and landraces for HS tolerance in a targeted environment is a simple approach to identify HS tolerant genotypes. Thus, precise phenotyping using modern phenomics tools could lead to increased breeding efficiency. The NGS (next generation sequencing) data can be associated to find the candidate genes responsible for the HS tolerance in pea. In addition, genomic selection, genome wide association studies (GWAS) and marker assisted selection (MAS) can be used for the development of HS tolerant pea genotypes. Additionally, development of transgenics could be an alternative strategy for the development of HS tolerant pea genotypes. This review comprehensively covers the various aspects of HS tolerance mechanisms in the pea plant, screening protocols, omic advances, and future challenges for the development of HS tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Devi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Gyan P. Mishra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Jha
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nakul Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Rakesh K. Dubey
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Prabhakar M. Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - Tusar K. Behera
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Varanasi, India
| | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Ma Z, Li M, Zhang H, Zhao B, Liu Z, Duan S, Meng X, Li G, Guo X. Alternative Splicing of TaHsfA2-7 Is Involved in the Improvement of Thermotolerance in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021014. [PMID: 36674529 PMCID: PMC9861123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High temperature has severely affected plant growth and development, resulting in reduced production of crops worldwide, especially wheat. Alternative splicing (AS), a crucial post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism, is involved in the growth and development of eukaryotes and the adaptation to environmental changes. Previous transcriptome data suggested that heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) TaHsfA2-7 may form different transcripts by AS. However, it remains unclear whether this post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism of TaHsfA2-7 is related to thermotolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Here, we identified a novel splice variant, TaHsfA2-7-AS, which was induced by high temperature and played a positive role in thermotolerance regulation in wheat. Moreover, TaHsfA2-7-AS is predicted to encode a small truncated TaHsfA2-7 isoform, retaining only part of the DNA-binding domain (DBD). TaHsfA2-7-AS is constitutively expressed in various tissues of wheat. Notably, the expression level of TaHsfA2-7-AS is significantly up-regulated by heat shock (HS) during flowering and grain-filling stages in wheat. Further studies showed that TaHsfA2-7-AS was localized in the nucleus but lacked transcriptional activation activity. Ectopic expression of TaHsfA2-7-AS in yeast exhibited improved thermotolerance. Compared to non-transgenic plants, overexpression of TaHsfA2-7-AS in Arabidopsis results in enhanced tolerance to heat stress. Simultaneously, we also found that TaHsfA1 is directly involved in the transcriptional regulation of TaHsfA2-7 and TaHsfA2-7-AS. In summary, our findings demonstrate the function of TaHsfA2-7-AS splicing variant in response to heat stress and establish a link between regulatory mechanisms of AS and the improvement of thermotolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Ma
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Huaning Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Baihui Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zihui Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Shuonan Duan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xiangzhao Meng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (G.L.)
| | - Guoliang Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (G.L.)
| | - Xiulin Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Feng S, Wan W, Li Y, Wang D, Ren G, Ma T, Ru D. Transcriptome-based analyses of adaptive divergence between two closely related spruce species on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and adjacent regions. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:476-491. [PMID: 36320185 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Speciation among populations connected by gene flow is driven by adaptation to different environments, but underlying gene-environment associations remain largely unknown. Here, 162 individuals from 32 populations were sampled to obtain 191,648 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genomes of two closely related spruce species, Picea asperata and Picea crassifolia, which occur on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and in surrounding regions. Using the SNP data set, genotype-environment associations and demographic modelling were used to examine local adaptation and genetic divergence between these two species. While morphologically similar, the two Picea species were genetically differentiated in multiple analyses. These species diverged despite continuous gene flow, and their initial divergence was dated back to the late Quaternary. The effective population sizes of both species have expanded since their divergence, as confirmed by niche distribution simulations. A total of 6365 genes were associated with the tested environmental variables; of these, 41 were positively selected in P. asperata and were mainly associated with temperature, while 83 were positively selected in P. crassifolia and were primarily associated with precipitation. These results deepen our understanding of the adaptive divergence and demographic histories of these two spruce species and highlight the importance of genomic data in deciphering the environmental selection underlying Quaternary interspecific divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wei Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - DongLei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangpeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dafu Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Liu R, Zou P, Yan ZY, Chen X. Identification, classification, and expression profile analysis of heat shock transcription factor gene family in Salvia miltiorrhiza. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14464. [PMID: 36523473 PMCID: PMC9745953 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to abiotic stresses, transcription factors are essential. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), which control gene expression, serve as essential regulators of plant growth, development, and stress response. As a model medicinal plant, Salvia miltiorrhiza is a crucial component in the treatment of cardiovascular illnesses. But throughout its growth cycle, S.miltiorrhiza is exposed to a series of abiotic challenges, including heat and drought. In this study, 35 HSF genes were identified based on genome sequencing of Salvia miltiorrhiza utilizing bioinformatics techniques. Additionally, 35 genes were classified into three groups by phylogeny and gene structural analysis, comprising 22 HSFA, 11 HSFB, and two HSFC. The distribution and sequence analysis of motif showed that SmHSFs were relatively conservative. In SmHSF genes, analysis of the promoter region revealed the presence of many cis-acting elements linked to stress, hormones, and growth and development, suggesting that these factors have regulatory roles. The majority of SmHSFs were expressed in response to heat and drought stress, according to combined transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses. In conclusion, this study looked at the SmHSF gene family using genome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, sequence characterization, and expression analysis. This research serves as a foundation for further investigations into the role of HSF genes and their molecular mechanisms in plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peijin Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhu-Yun Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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38
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Trono D, Pecchioni N. Candidate Genes Associated with Abiotic Stress Response in Plants as Tools to Engineer Tolerance to Drought, Salinity and Extreme Temperatures in Wheat: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233358. [PMID: 36501397 PMCID: PMC9737347 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat represents one of the most important staple food crops worldwide and its genetic improvement is fundamental to meeting the global demand of the growing population. However, the environmental stresses, worsened by climate change, and the increasing deterioration of arable land make it very difficult to fulfil this demand. In light of this, the tolerance of wheat to abiotic stresses has become a key objective of genetic improvement, as an effective strategy to ensure high yields without increasing the cultivated land. Genetic erosion related to modern agriculture, whereby elite, high-yielding wheat varieties are the product of high selection pressure, has reduced the overall genetic diversity, including the allelic diversity of genes that could be advantageous for adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. This makes traditional breeding a less effective or slower approach to generating new stress-tolerant wheat varieties. Either mining for the diversity of not-adapted large germplasm pools, or generating new diversity, are the mainstream approaches to be pursued. The advent of genetic engineering has opened the possibility to create new plant variability and its application has provided a strong complement to traditional breeding. Genetic engineering strategies such as transgenesis and genome editing have then provided the opportunity to improve environmental tolerance traits of agronomic importance in cultivated species. As for wheat, several laboratories worldwide have successfully produced transgenic wheat lines with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses, and, more recently, significant improvements in the CRISPR/Cas9 tools available for targeted variations within the wheat genome have been achieved. In light of this, the present review aims to provide successful examples of genetic engineering applications for the improvement of wheat adaptation to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures, which represent the most frequent and most severe events causing the greatest losses in wheat production worldwide.
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Shoormij F, Mirlohi A, Saeidi G, Shirvani M. Combined foliar application of Zn and Fe increases grain micronutrient concentrations and alleviates water stress across diverse wheat species and ploidal levels. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20328. [PMID: 36434080 PMCID: PMC9700663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the reaction of several wheat species with different ploidy levels to foliar application of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) under different water regimes. Thirty-five wheat genotypes, including nineteen tetraploids from ten different species, ten hexaploids from five species, and six diploids from three species, were evaluated in the field over two moisture regimes with the following four treatments: control, foliar Zn application, foliar Fe application, and foliar Zn + Fe application. The experiments were conducted according to a split-plot scheme in a randomized complete block design with two replications in each moisture regime. Water stress negatively affected all measured traits, except grain Zn and Fe content. Combined foliar application of Zn + Fe significantly increased yield and alleviated yield reduction caused by water stress. Applying Zn and Fe significantly increased both micronutrient content in grains under both moisture conditions. Tetra and hexaploid species yielded nearly four times as much grain as unimproved diploid species and were less affected by water stress. All ploidy levels responded almost similarly to Zn and Fe treatments, with the combined application being as effective as each element separately. The highest yield increase in response to combined application of Zn + Fe under the two moisture conditions and the highest grain Zn content in response to Zn application under water stress was observed in hexaploid wheat. Combined foliar application of Zn and Fe increases grain Zn and Fe and alleviates water stress's adverse effects on all wheat ploidy levels, making biofortification cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shoormij
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Aghafakhr Mirlohi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Ghodratollah Saeidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mehran Shirvani
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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Liu X, Chen H, Li S, Lecourieux D, Duan W, Fan P, Liang Z, Wang L. Natural variations of HSFA2 enhance thermotolerance in grapevine. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac250. [PMID: 36643748 PMCID: PMC9832954 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress limits growth and development of crops including grapevine which is a popular fruit in the world. Genetic variability in crops thermotolerance is not well understood. We identified and characterized heat stress transcription factor HSFA2 in heat sensitive Vitis vinifera 'Jingxiu' (named as VvHSFA2) and heat tolerant Vitis davidii 'Tangwei' (named as VdHSFA2). The transcriptional activation activities of VdHSFA2 are higher than VvHSFA2, the variation of single amino acid (Thr315Ile) in AHA1 motif leads to the difference of transcription activities between VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2. Based on 41 Vitis germplasms, we found that HSFA2 is differentiated at coding region among heat sensitive V. vinifera, and heat tolerant Vitis davidii and Vitis quinquangularis. Genetic evidence demonstrates VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2 are positive regulators in grape thermotolerance, and the former can confer higher thermotolerance than the latter. Moreover, VdHSFA2 can regulate more target genes than VvHSFA2. As a target gene of both VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2, overexpression of MBF1c enhanced the grape thermotolerance whereas dysfunction of MBF1c resulted in thermosensitive phenotype. Together, our results revealed that VdHSFA2 confers higher thermotolerance than VvHSFA2, and MBF1c acts as their target gene to induce thermotolerance. The VdHSFA2 may be adopted for molecular breeding in grape thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinna Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shenchang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - David Lecourieux
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Bordeaux University, Villenave d'Ornon F-33882, France
| | - Wei Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
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Sun T, Wang W, Hu X, Fang Z, Wang Y, Xiang L, Chan Z. Genome-wide identification of heat shock transcription factor families in perennial ryegrass highlights the role of LpHSFC2b in heat stress response. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13828. [PMID: 36377141 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a cool-season turf and forage grass. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) play an important role in regulating plant abiotic stress. However, HSFs in perennial ryegrass have rarely been characterized. Here, 25 LpHSFs were identified from the perennial ryegrass genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the LpHSFs could be classified into 12 subclasses. Gene structure analysis showed that 22 LpHSFs have only one intron. Cis-acting elements analysis revealed that the promoter of 15 LpHSFs contained hormone-responsive and abiotic stress-responsive elements. Expression profile analysis indicated that 24 LpHSFs were differentially expressed under submerge, drought, heat, and cold stresses. In addition, a subclass C2 gene, LpHSFC2b, was significantly induced by abiotic stresses. The LpHSFC2b protein is localized to the nucleus, and heterologous expression of LpHSFC2b in Arabidopsis improves plant thermotolerance. This study provides insights useful for the breeding of stress tolerance in perennial ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengfu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Singh AK, Mishra P, Kashyap SP, Karkute SG, Singh PM, Rai N, Bahadur A, Behera TK. Molecular insights into mechanisms underlying thermo-tolerance in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1040532. [PMID: 36388532 PMCID: PMC9645296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant productivity is being seriously compromised by climate-change-induced temperature extremities. Agriculture and food safety are threatened due to global warming, and in many cases the negative impacts have already begun. Heat stress leads to significant losses in yield due to changes in growth pattern, plant phonologies, sensitivity to pests, flowering, grain filling, maturity period shrinkage, and senescence. Tomato is the second most important vegetable crop. It is very sensitive to heat stress and thus, yield losses in tomato due to heat stress could affect food and nutritional security. Tomato plants respond to heat stress with a variety of cellular, physiological, and molecular responses, beginning with the early heat sensing, followed by signal transduction, antioxidant defense, osmolyte synthesis and regulated gene expression. Recent findings suggest that specific plant organs are extremely sensitive to heat compared to the entire plant, redirecting the research more towards generative tissues. This is because, during sexual reproduction, developing pollens are the most sensitive to heat. Often, just a few degrees of temperature elevation during pollen development can have a negative effect on crop production. Furthermore, recent research has discovered certain genetic and epigenetic mechanisms playing key role in thermo-tolerance and have defined new directions for tomato heat stress response (HSR). Present challenges are to increase the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying HS, and to identify superior genotypes with more tolerance to extreme temperatures. Several metabolites, genes, heat shock factors (HSFs) and microRNAs work together to regulate the plant HSR. The present review provides an insight into molecular mechanisms of heat tolerance and current knowledge of genetic and epigenetic control of heat-tolerance in tomato for sustainable agriculture in the future. The information will significantly contribute to improve breeding programs for development of heat tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuit K. Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Mishra
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarvesh Pratap Kashyap
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suhas G. Karkute
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabhakar Mohan Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nagendra Rai
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anant Bahadur
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tusar K. Behera
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Iqbal MZ, Jia T, Tang T, Anwar M, Ali A, Hassan MJ, Zhang Y, Tang Q, Peng Y. A Heat Shock Transcription Factor TrHSFB2a of White Clover Negatively Regulates Drought, Heat and Salt Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12769. [PMID: 36361560 PMCID: PMC9654841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (HSF) are divided into classes A, B and C. Class A transcription factors are generally recognized as transcriptional activators, while functional characterization of class B and C heat shock transcription factors have not been fully developed in most plant species. We isolated and characterized a novel HSF transcription factor gene, TrHSFB2a (a class B HSF) gene, from the drought stress-sensitive forage crop species, white clover (Trifolium repens). TrHSFB2a was highly homologous to MtHSFB2b, CarHSFB2a, AtHSFB2b and AtHSFB2a. The expression of TrHSFB2a was strongly induced by drought (PEG6000 15% w/v), high temperature (35 °C) and salt stresses (200 mM L-1 NaCl) in white clover, while subcellular localization analysis showed that it is a nuclear protein. Overexpression of the white clover gene TrHSFB2a in Arabidopsis significantly reduced fresh and dry weight, relative water contents (RWC), maximum photosynthesis efficiency (Fv/Fm) and performance index on the absorption basis (PIABS), while it promoted leaf senescence, relative electrical conductivity (REC) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to a wild type under drought, heat and salt stress conditions of Arabidopsis plants. The silencing of its native homolog (AtHSFB2a) by RNA interference in Arabidopsis thaliana showed opposite trends by significantly increasing fresh and dry weights, RWC, maximum photosynthesis efficiency (Fv/Fm) and performance index on the absorption basis (PIABS) and reducing REC and MDA contents under drought, heat and salt stress conditions compared to wild type Arabidopsis plants. These phenotypic and physiological indicators suggested that the TrHSFB2a of white clover functions as a negative regulator of heat, salt and drought tolerance. The bioinformatics analysis showed that TrHSFB2a contained the core B3 repression domain (BRD) that has been reported as a repressor activator domain in other plant species that might repress the activation of the heat shock-inducible genes required in the stress tolerance process in plants. The present study explores one of the potential causes of drought and heat sensitivity in white clover that can be overcome to some extent by silencing the TrHSFB2a gene in white clover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tong Jia
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Anwar
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Asif Ali
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Education, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Hassan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youzhi Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qilin Tang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Peng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Ma J, Zhang G, Ye Y, Shang L, Hong S, Ma Q, Zhao Y, Gu C. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of HSF Transcription Factors in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) under Abiotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2763. [PMID: 36297789 PMCID: PMC9609925 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is one of the most important legume forage species in the world. It is often affected by several abiotic stressors that result in reduced yields and poor growth. Therefore, it is crucial to study the resistance of M. sativa to abiotic stresses. Heat shock transcription factors (HSF) are key players in a number of transcriptional regulatory pathways. These pathways play an essential role in controlling how plants react to different abiotic stressors. Studies on the HSF gene family have been reported in many species but have not yet undergone a thorough analysis in M. sativa. Therefore, in order to identify a more comprehensive set of HSF genes, from the genomic data, we identified 16 members of the MsHSF gene, which were unevenly distributed over six chromosomes. We also looked at their gene architectures and protein motifs, and phylogenetic analysis allowed us to divide them into 3 groups with a total of 15 subgroups. Along with these aspects, we then examined the physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, synteny analysis, GO annotation and enrichment, and protein interaction networks of amino acids. Finally, the analysis of 16 MsHSF genes' expression levels across all tissues and under four abiotic stresses using publicly available RNA-Seq data revealed that these genes had significant tissue-specific expression. Moreover, the expression of most MsHSF genes increased dramatically under abiotic stress, further validating the critical function played by the MsHSF gene family in abiotic stress. These results provided basic information about MsHSF gene family and laid a foundation for further study on the biological role of MsHSF gene in response to stress in M. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ma
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Guozhe Zhang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yacheng Ye
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Linxue Shang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Sidan Hong
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Cuihua Gu
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Tang B, Li X, Zhang X, Yin Q, Xie L, Zou X, Liu F, Dai X. Transcriptome data reveal gene clusters and key genes in pepper response to heat shock. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946475. [PMID: 36212322 PMCID: PMC9532576 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and global warming pose a great threat to plant growth and development as well as crop productivity. To better study the genome-wide gene expression under heat, we performed a time-course (0.5 to 24 h) transcriptome analysis in the leaf and root of 40-day-old pepper plants under 40°C as well as in control plants. Clustering analysis (K-means) showed that the expression of 29,249 genes can be grouped into 12 clusters with distinct expression dynamics under stress. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and transcription factor (TF) identification were performed on the clusters with certain expression patterns. Comparative analysis between the heat-treated and control plants also identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which showed the largest degree of change at 24 h. Interestingly, more DEGs were identified in the root than in the leaf. Moreover, we analyzed the gene expression of 25 heat shock factor genes (HSFs) in pepper after heat stress, identified five of these HSFs that responded to heat stress, and characterized the role of these genes in heat-tolerant (17CL30) and heat-susceptible (05S180) pepper lines. The findings of this study improve our understanding of the genome-wide heat stress response in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Tang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety, Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinbiao Yin
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - LingLing Xie
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xuexiao Zou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety, Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety, Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiongze Dai
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety, Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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The heat stress transcription factor family in Aegilops tauschii: genome-wide identification and expression analysis under various abiotic stresses and light conditions. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1689-1709. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Lee MH, Kim KM, Sang WG, Kang CS, Choi C. Comparison of Gene Expression Changes in Three Wheat Varieties with Different Susceptibilities to Heat Stress Using RNA-Seq Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810734. [PMID: 36142649 PMCID: PMC9505106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is highly susceptible to heat stress, which significantly reduces grain yield. In this study, we used RNA-seq technology to analyze the transcript expression at three different time-points after heat treatment in three cultivars differing in their susceptibility to heat stress: Jopum, Keumkang, and Olgeuru. A total of 11,751, 8850, and 14,711; 10,959, 7946, and 14,205; and 22,895, 13,060, and 19,408 differentially-expressed genes (log2 fold-change > 1 and FDR (padj) < 0.05) were identified in Jopum, Keumkang, and Olgeuru in the control vs. 6-h, in the control vs. 12-h, and in the 6-h vs. 12-h heat treatment, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the biological processes for DEGs, such as the cellular response to heat and oxidative stress—and including the removal of superoxide radicals and the positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity—were significantly enriched among the three comparisons in all three cultivars. Furthermore, we investigated the differential expression patterns of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes, heat shock proteins, and heat-stress transcription factors using qRT-PCR to confirm the differences in gene expression among the three varieties under heat stress. This study contributes to a better understanding of the wheat heat-stress response at the early growth stage and the varietal differences in heat tolerance.
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Sánchez-Bermúdez M, del Pozo JC, Pernas M. Effects of Combined Abiotic Stresses Related to Climate Change on Root Growth in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:918537. [PMID: 35845642 PMCID: PMC9284278 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a major threat to crop productivity that negatively affects food security worldwide. Increase in global temperatures are usually accompanied by drought, flooding and changes in soil nutrients composition that dramatically reduced crop yields. Against the backdrop of climate change, human population increase and subsequent rise in food demand, finding new solutions for crop adaptation to environmental stresses is essential. The effects of single abiotic stress on crops have been widely studied, but in the field abiotic stresses tend to occur in combination rather than individually. Physiological, metabolic and molecular responses of crops to combined abiotic stresses seem to be significantly different to individual stresses. Although in recent years an increasing number of studies have addressed the effects of abiotic stress combinations, the information related to the root system response is still scarce. Roots are the underground organs that directly contact with the soil and sense many of these abiotic stresses. Understanding the effects of abiotic stress combinations in the root system would help to find new breeding tools to develop more resilient crops. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding the effects of combined abiotic stress in the root system in crops. First, we will provide a general overview of root responses to particular abiotic stresses. Then, we will describe how these root responses are integrated when crops are challenged to the combination of different abiotic stress. We will focus on the main changes on root system architecture (RSA) and physiology influencing crop productivity and yield and convey the latest information on the key molecular, hormonal and genetic regulatory pathways underlying root responses to these combinatorial stresses. Finally, we will discuss possible directions for future research and the main challenges needed to be tackled to translate this knowledge into useful tools to enhance crop tolerance.
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Meng X, Zhao B, Li M, Liu R, Ren Q, Li G, Guo X. Characteristics and Regulating Roles of Wheat TaHsfA2-13 in Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:922561. [PMID: 35832224 PMCID: PMC9271894 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.922561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) exists widely in eukaryotes and responds to various abiotic stresses by regulating the expression of downstream transcription factors, functional enzymes, and molecular chaperones. In this study, TaHsfA2-13, a heat shock transcription factor belonging to A2 subclass, was cloned from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and its function was analyzed. TaHsfA2-13 encodes a protein containing 368 amino acids and has the basic characteristics of Hsfs. Multiple sequence alignment analysis showed that TaHsfA2-13 protein had the highest similarity with TdHsfA2c-like protein from Triticum dicoccoides, which reached 100%. The analysis of tissue expression characteristics revealed that TaHsfA2-13 was highly expressed in root, shoot, and leaf during the seedling stage of wheat. The expression of TaHsfA2-13 could be upregulated by heat stress, low temperature, H2O2, mannitol, salinity and multiple phytohormones. The TaHsfA2-13 protein was located in the nucleus under the normal growth conditions and showed a transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Further studies found that overexpression of TaHsfA2-13 in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 or athsfa2 mutant results in improved tolerance to heat stress, H2O2, SA and mannitol by regulating the expression of multiple heat shock protein (Hsp) genes. In summary, our study identified TaHsfA2-13 from wheat, revealed its regulatory function in varieties of abiotic stresses, and will provide a new target gene to improve stress tolerance for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhao Meng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baihui Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qianqian Ren
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiulin Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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