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Avidan O, Martins MCM, Feil R, Lohse M, Giorgi FM, Schlereth A, Lunn JE, Stitt M. Direct and indirect responses of the Arabidopsis transcriptome to an induced increase in trehalose 6-phosphate. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:409-431. [PMID: 38593032 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) is an essential signal metabolite that regulates the level of sucrose, linking growth and development to the metabolic status. We hypothesized that Tre6P plays a role in mediating the regulation of gene expression by sucrose. To test this, we performed transcriptomic profiling on Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants that expressed a bacterial TREHALOSE 6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (TPS) under the control of an ethanol-inducible promoter. Induction led to a 4-fold rise in Tre6P levels, a concomitant decrease in sucrose, significant changes (FDR ≤ 0.05) of over 13,000 transcripts, and 2-fold or larger changes of over 5,000 transcripts. Comparison with nine published responses to sugar availability allowed some of these changes to be linked to the rise in Tre6P, while others were probably due to lower sucrose or other indirect effects. Changes linked to Tre6P included repression of photosynthesis-related gene expression and induction of many growth-related processes including ribosome biogenesis. About 500 starvation-related genes are known to be induced by SUCROSE-NON-FERMENTING-1-RELATED KINASE 1 (SnRK1). They were largely repressed by Tre6P in a manner consistent with SnRK1 inhibition by Tre6P. SnRK1 also represses many genes that are involved in biosynthesis and growth. These responded to Tre6P in a more complex manner, pointing toward Tre6P interacting with other C-signaling pathways. Additionally, elevated Tre6P modified the expression of genes encoding regulatory subunits of the SnRK1 complex and TPS class II and FCS-LIKE ZINC FINGER proteins that are thought to modulate SnRK1 function and genes involved in circadian, TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN, light, abscisic acid, and other hormone signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omri Avidan
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Marina C M Martins
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Marc Lohse
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Armin Schlereth
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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2
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Song LY, Xu CQ, Zhang LD, Li J, Jiang LW, Ma DN, Guo ZJ, Wang Q, Wang XX, Zheng HL. Trehalose along with ABA promotes the salt tolerance of Avicennia marina by regulating Na + transport. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:2349-2362. [PMID: 38981025 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Mangroves grow in tropical/subtropical intertidal habitats with extremely high salt tolerance. Trehalose and trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) have an alleviating function against abiotic stress. However, the roles of trehalose in the salt tolerance of salt-secreting mangrove Avicennia marina is not documented. Here, we found that trehalose was significantly accumulated in A. marina under salt treatment. Furthermore, exogenous trehalose can enhance salt tolerance by promoting the Na+ efflux from leaf salt gland and root to reduce the Na+ content in root and leaf. Subsequently, eighteen trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (AmTPS) and 11 trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (AmTPP) genes were identified from A. marina genome. Abscisic acid (ABA) responsive elements were predicted in AmTPS and AmTPP promoters by cis-acting elements analysis. We further identified AmTPS9A, as an important positive regulator, that increased the salt tolerance of AmTPS9A-overexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana by altering the expressions of ion transport genes and mediating Na+ efflux from the roots of transgenic A. thaliana under NaCl treatments. In addition, we also found that ABA could promote the accumulation of trehalose, and the application of exogenous trehalose significantly promoted the biosynthesis of ABA in both roots and leaves of A. marina. Ultimately, we confirmed that AmABF2 directly binds to the AmTPS9A promoter in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, we speculated that there was a positive feedback loop between trehalose and ABA in regulating the salt tolerance of A. marina. These findings provide new understanding to the salt tolerance of A. marina in adapting to high saline environment at trehalose and ABA aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Song
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Qun Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Houji Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wei Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Na Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People's Republic of China
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Zou X, Wang S, Cheng Q, Yu H, Yang Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Liang X, Yang D, Kim HS, Jia X, Li L, Kwak SS, Wang W. N-terminal truncated trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 1 gene (△NIbTPS1) enhances the tolerance of sweet potato to abiotic stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108917. [PMID: 38976941 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam], the crop with the seventh highest annual production globally, is susceptible to various adverse environmental influences, and the study of stress-resistant genes is important for improving its tolerance to abiotic stress. The enzyme trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is indispensable in the one pathway for synthesizing trehalose in plants. TPS is known to participate in stress response in plants, but information on TPS in sweet potato is limited. This study produced the N-terminal truncated IbTPS1 gene (△NIbTPS1) overexpression lines of Arabidopsis thaliana and sweet potato. Following salt and mannitol-induced drought treatment, the germination rate, root elongation, and fresh weight of the transgenic A. thaliana were significantly higher than that in the wild type. Overexpression of △NIbTPS1 elevated the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in sweet potato during drought and salt treatments, while reducing malondialdehyde and O2∙- contents, although expression of the trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene IbTPP and trehalose concentrations were not affected. Thus, overexpressing the △NIbTPS1 gene can improve the stress tolerance of sweet potato to drought and salt by enhancing the photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative enzyme system. These results will contribute to understand the functions of the △NIbTPS1 gene and trehalose in the response mechanism of higher plants to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Qirui Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Huan Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Yanxin Yang
- College of Basic Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xuan Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Dongjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweetpotato, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221131, China
| | - Ho Soo Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Xiaoyun Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - Wenbin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
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Li X, Wei L, Zhao H, Wang Y, Sun F, Wu M. Ecophysiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses shed light on the response mechanism of Bruguiera gymnorhiza to upwelling stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109074. [PMID: 39213943 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Mangroves, due to their unique habitats, endure dual stressors from land to ocean and ocean to land directions. While extensive researches have been conducted on land-ocean stressors, studies on ocean-land stressors like upwelling are considerably scarce. In this study, ecophysiological, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses were conducted to determine the responses of mangrove plant (Bruguiera gymnorhiza, B. gymnorhiza) to upwelling stress. The results suggested that upwelling stress in B. gymnorhiza induces oxidative stress and membrane damage, which are mitigated by the synergistic actions of antioxidant enzymes and osmoprotectants. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that upregulated genes related to oxidation-reduction and carbohydrate metabolism, along with accumulated metabolites such as amino acids, lipids, phenols, and organic acids, contribute to enhancing antioxidant capacity and maintaining osmotic balance. Further analysis identified key KEGG pathways involved in the response to upwelling stress, including amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. These findings provide vital information into the multi-level response mechanisms of mangrove plants to upwelling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Coastal Shelterbelt Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Guangzhou, 510520, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Wei
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Coastal Shelterbelt Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yutu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Fulin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Meilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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Fichtner F, Humphreys JL, Barbier FF, Feil R, Westhoff P, Moseler A, Lunn JE, Smith SM, Beveridge CA. Strigolactone signalling inhibits trehalose 6-phosphate signalling independently of BRC1 to suppress shoot branching. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39187924 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The phytohormone strigolactone (SL) inhibits shoot branching, whereas the signalling metabolite trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) promotes branching. How Tre6P and SL signalling may interact and which molecular mechanisms might be involved remains largely unknown. Transcript profiling of Arabidopsis SL mutants revealed a cluster of differentially expressed genes highly enriched in the Tre6P pathway compared with wild-type (WT) plants or brc1 mutants. Tre6P-related genes were also differentially expressed in axillary buds of garden pea (Pisum sativum) SL mutants. Tre6P levels were elevated in the SL signalling mutant more axillary (max) growth 2 compared with other SL mutants or WT plants indicating a role of MAX2-dependent SL signalling in regulating Tre6P levels. A transgenic approach to increase Tre6P levels demonstrated that all SL mutant lines and brc1 flowered earlier, showing all of these mutants were responsive to Tre6P. Elevated Tre6P led to increased branching in WT plants but not in max2 and max4 mutants, indicating some dependency between the SL pathway and Tre6P regulation of shoot branching. By contrast, elevated Tre6P led to an enhanced branching phenotype in brc1 mutants indicating independence between BRC1 and Tre6P. A model is proposed whereby SL signalling represses branching via Tre6P and independently of the BRC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fichtner
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence in Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Jazmine L Humphreys
- ARC Centre for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Francois F Barbier
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Institute for Plant Sciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Philipp Westhoff
- Cluster of Excellence in Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Anna Moseler
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53113, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Steven M Smith
- ARC Centre for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Christine A Beveridge
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Liu J, Zhou SZ, Liu YL, Zhao BY, Yu D, Zhong MC, Jiang XD, Cui WH, Zhao JX, Qiu J, Liu LM, Guo ZH, Li HT, Tan DY, Hu JY, Li DZ. Genomes of Meniocus linifolius and Tetracme quadricornis reveal the ancestral karyotype and genomic features of core Brassicaceae. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100878. [PMID: 38475995 PMCID: PMC11287156 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Brassicaceae represents an important plant family from both a scientific and economic perspective. However, genomic features related to the early diversification of this family have not been fully characterized, especially upon the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, which was followed by increasing aridity in the Asian interior, intensifying monsoons in Eastern Asia, and significantly fluctuating daily temperatures. Here, we reveal the genomic architecture that accompanied early Brassicaceae diversification by analyzing two high-quality chromosome-level genomes for Meniocus linifolius (Arabodae; clade D) and Tetracme quadricornis (Hesperodae; clade E), together with genomes representing all major Brassicaceae clades and the basal Aethionemeae. We reconstructed an ancestral core Brassicaceae karyotype (CBK) containing 9 pseudochromosomes with 65 conserved syntenic genomic blocks and identified 9702 conserved genes in Brassicaceae. We detected pervasive conflicting phylogenomic signals accompanied by widespread ancient hybridization events, which correlate well with the early divergence of core Brassicaceae. We identified a successive Brassicaceae-specific expansion of the class I TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1) gene family, which encodes enzymes with essential regulatory roles in flowering time and embryo development. The TPS1s were mainly randomly amplified, followed by expression divergence. Our results provide fresh insights into historical genomic features coupled with Brassicaceae evolution and offer a potential model for broad-scale studies of adaptive radiation under an ever-changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shi-Zhao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun-Long Liu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Bin-Yan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Mi-Cai Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Wei-Hua Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiu-Xia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China
| | - Liang-Min Liu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Guo
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hong-Tao Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Dun-Yan Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China
| | - Jin-Yong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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Vishal B, Krishnamurthy P, Kumar PP. Arabidopsis class II TPS controls root development and confers salt stress tolerance through enhanced hydrophobic barrier deposition. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:115. [PMID: 38613634 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03215-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The mechanism of conferring salt tolerance by AtTPS9 involves enhanced deposition of suberin lamellae in the Arabidopsis root endodermis, resulting in reduction of Na+ transported to the leaves. Members of the class I trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) enzymes are known to play an important role in plant growth and development in Arabidopsis. However, class II TPSs and their functions in salinity stress tolerance are not well studied. We characterized the function of a class II TPS gene, AtTPS9, to understand its role in salt stress response and root development in Arabidopsis. The attps9 mutant exhibited significant reduction of soluble sugar levels in the leaves and formation of suberin lamellae (SL) in the endodermis of roots compared to the wild type (WT). The reduction in SL deposition (hydrophobic barriers) leads to increased apoplastic xylem loading, resulting in enhanced Na+ content in the plants, which explains salt sensitivity of the mutant plants. Conversely, AtTPS9 overexpression lines exhibited increased SL deposition in the root endodermis along with increased salt tolerance, showing that regulation of SL deposition is one of the mechanisms of action of AtTPS9 in conferring salt tolerance to Arabidopsis plants. Our data showed that besides salt tolerance, AtTPS9 also regulates seed germination and root development. qRT-PCR analyses showed significant downregulation of selected SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE2 genes (SnRK2s) and ABA-responsive genes in the mutant, suggesting that AtTPS9 may regulate the ABA-signaling intermediates as part of the mechanism conferring salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Vishal
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Queenstown, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Queenstown, 117456, Singapore
| | - Pannaga Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Queenstown, 117543, Singapore
| | - Prakash P Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Queenstown, 117543, Singapore.
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Fan Y, Gao P, Zhou T, Pang S, Zhang J, Yang T, Zhang W, Dong J, Che D. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase and Trehalose-6-phosphate Phosphatase Gene Families in Rose ( Rosa hybrida cv 'Carola') under Different Light Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:114. [PMID: 38202423 PMCID: PMC10780518 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Trehalose, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS),and trehalose-6-phosphatase (TPP) have been reported to play important roles in plant abiotic stress and growth development. However, their functions in the flowering process of Rosa hybrida have not been characterized. In this study we found that, under a short photoperiod or weak light intensity, the content of trehalose in the shoot apical meristem of Rosa hybrida cv 'Carola' significantly decreased, leading to delayed flowering time. A total of nine RhTPSs and seven RhTPPs genes were identified in the genome. Cis-element analysis suggested that RhTPS and RhTPP genes were involved in plant hormones and environmental stress responses. Transcriptome data analysis reveals significant differences in the expression levels of RhTPSs and RhTPPs family genes in different tissues and indicates that RhTPPF and RhTPPJ are potential key genes involved in rose flower bud development under different light environments. The results of quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT-PCR) further indicate that under short photoperiod and weak light intensity all RhTPP members were significantly down-regulated. Additionally, RhTPS1a, RhTPS10, and RhTPS11 were up-regulated under a short photoperiod and showed a negative correlation with flowering time and trehalose content decrease. Under weak light intensity, RhTPS11 was up-regulated and negatively regulated flowering, while RhTPS5, RhTPS6, RhTPS7b, RhTPS9, and RhTPS10 were down-regulated and positively regulated flowering. This work lays the foundation for revealing the functions of RhTPS and RhTPP gene families in the regulation of rose trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Fan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siyu Pang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wuhua Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jie Dong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Daidi Che
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.F.); (P.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
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9
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Fan S, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Liang J, Zhao S, Liu Y, Peng F, Guo J. Genome-Wide Identification of Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase (TPS) Gene Family Reveals the Potential Role in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Peach. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:39. [PMID: 38254929 PMCID: PMC10815152 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is essential for plant growth and development, linking trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) to carbon metabolism. However, little is known about the TPS gene family in peaches and their potential roles in regulating carbohydrates in peach fruit. In this study, nine TPS genes were identified in the peach genome and named according to the homologous genes in Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that three subfamilies were identified, including TPSI, TPSII-1, and TPSII-2, which were also consistent with gene structure analysis. Considerable cis-elements were enriched in the promoters, including plant hormone-related elements. Tissue-specific analysis showed that these TPS genes were mainly expressed in leaves, stems, and fruit, showing different expression patterns for each gene. In addition, during fruit development, the content of trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) was positively correlated with the expression of PpTPS7a and negatively with sucrose non-fermenting-1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) activity. Transient overexpression and silencing of PpTPS7a in peach fruit validated its function in regulating T6P content and SnRK1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Fan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.X.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.X.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiahui Liang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.X.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shilong Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.X.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yihua Liu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.X.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Futian Peng
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Jian Guo
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
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10
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Göbel M, Fichtner F. Functions of sucrose and trehalose 6-phosphate in controlling plant development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 291:154140. [PMID: 38007969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants exhibit enormous plasticity in regulating their architecture to be able to adapt to a constantly changing environment and carry out vital functions such as photosynthesis, anchoring, and nutrient uptake. Phytohormones play a role in regulating these responses, but sugar signalling mechanisms are also crucial. Sucrose is not only an important source of carbon and energy fuelling plant growth, but it also functions as a signalling molecule that influences various developmental processes. Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), a sucrose-specific signalling metabolite, is emerging as an important regulator in plant metabolism and development. Key players involved in sucrose and Tre6P signalling pathways, including MAX2, SnRK1, bZIP11, and TOR, have been implicated in processes such as flowering, branching, and root growth. We will summarize our current knowledge of how these pathways shape shoot and root architecture and highlight how sucrose and Tre6P signalling are integrated with known signalling networks in shaping plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Göbel
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Germany; Cluster of Excellences on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Fichtner
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Germany; Cluster of Excellences on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
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11
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Kerbler SML, Armijos-Jaramillo V, Lunn JE, Vicente R. The trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase family in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14096. [PMID: 38148193 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is an essential signalling metabolite linking plant growth and development to carbon metabolism. While recent work has focused predominantly on the enzymes that produce Tre6P, little is known about the proteins that catalyse its degradation, the trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs). Often occurring in large protein families, TPPs exhibit cell-, tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression patterns, suggesting important regulatory functions in controlling local levels of Tre6P and trehalose as well as Tre6P signalling. Furthermore, growing evidence through gene expression studies and transgenic approaches shows that TPPs play an important role in integrating environmental signals with plant metabolism. This review highlights the large diversity of TPP isoforms in model and crop plants and identifies how modulating Tre6P metabolism in certain cell types, tissues, and at different developmental stages may promote stress tolerance, resilience and increased crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mae-Lin Kerbler
- Leibniz-Institute für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Groβbeeren, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Vinicio Armijos-Jaramillo
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Plant Ecophysiology and Metabolism Group, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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12
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Du Z, Yang X, Zhou S, Jin Y, Wang W, Xia K, Chen Z. Aromatic Terpenes and Their Biosynthesis in Dendrobium, and Conjecture on the Botanical Perfumer Mechanism. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5305-5316. [PMID: 37504253 PMCID: PMC10378317 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents a systematic analysis of the studies on volatiles in Dendrobium. Among the various components, aromatic terpenes are a crucial component in the development of the aromatic characteristics of Dendrobium and other plants. Recent advancements in detection and sequencing technology have resulted in a considerable rise in research on the biosynthetic processes of aromatic terpenes in Dendrobium and other flowering plants. Nevertheless, the inquiry into the precise means by which plants regulate the proportion of diverse aromatic terpenes in their floral scent, thereby preserving their olfactory traits, requires further investigation. A conjecture on the botanical perfumer mechanism, which condensed the findings of earlier studies, was put forward to address this area of interest. Specific transcription factors likely govern the coordinated expression of multiple key terpene synthase (TPS) genes during the flowering stage of plants, thereby regulating the proportional biosynthesis of diverse aromatic terpenes and sustaining the distinctive aromatic properties of individual plants. This review serves as a significant theoretical reference for further investigations into aromatic volatile compounds in Dendrobium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Du
- Guizhou Horticulture Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Xiyu Yang
- Guizhou Horticulture Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Shuting Zhou
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Yuxuan Jin
- Guizhou Horticulture Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Weize Wang
- Guizhou Horticulture Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Kuaifei Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhilin Chen
- Guizhou Horticulture Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China
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13
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Youssef WA, Feil R, Saint-Sorny M, Johnson X, Lunn JE, Grimm B, Brzezowski P. Singlet oxygen-induced signalling depends on the metabolic status of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell. Commun Biol 2023; 6:529. [PMID: 37193883 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a mutant screen, we identified trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase 1 (TSPP1) as a functional enzyme dephosphorylating trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) to trehalose in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The tspp1 knock-out results in reprogramming of the cell metabolism via altered transcriptome. As a secondary effect, tspp1 also shows impairment in 1O2-induced chloroplast retrograde signalling. From transcriptomic analysis and metabolite profiling, we conclude that accumulation or deficiency of certain metabolites directly affect 1O2-signalling. 1O2-inducible GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE 5 (GPX5) gene expression is suppressed by increased content of fumarate and 2-oxoglutarate, intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) in mitochondria and dicarboxylate metabolism in the cytosol, but also myo-inositol, involved in inositol phosphate metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signalling system. Application of another TCA cycle intermediate, aconitate, recovers 1O2-signalling and GPX5 expression in otherwise aconitate-deficient tspp1. Genes encoding known essential components of chloroplast-to-nucleus 1O2-signalling, PSBP2, MBS, and SAK1, show decreased transcript levels in tspp1, which also can be rescued by exogenous application of aconitate. We demonstrate that chloroplast retrograde signalling involving 1O2 depends on mitochondrial and cytosolic processes and that the metabolic status of the cell determines the response to 1O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waeil Al Youssef
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Maureen Saint-Sorny
- Photosynthesis and Environment Team, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), CNRS, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, CEA Cadarache, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Xenie Johnson
- Photosynthesis and Environment Team, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), CNRS, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, CEA Cadarache, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bernhard Grimm
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Brzezowski
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Avidan O, Moraes TA, Mengin V, Feil R, Rolland F, Stitt M, Lunn JE. In vivo protein kinase activity of SnRK1 fluctuates in Arabidopsis rosettes during light-dark cycles. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:387-408. [PMID: 36725081 PMCID: PMC10152665 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose-nonfermenting 1 (SNF1)-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) is a central hub in carbon and energy signaling in plants, and is orthologous with SNF1 in yeast and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in animals. Previous studies of SnRK1 relied on in vitro activity assays or monitoring of putative marker gene expression. Neither approach gives unambiguous information about in vivo SnRK1 activity. We have monitored in vivo SnRK1 activity using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) reporter lines that express a chimeric polypeptide with an SNF1/SnRK1/AMPK-specific phosphorylation site. We investigated responses during an equinoctial diel cycle and after perturbing this cycle. As expected, in vivo SnRK1 activity rose toward the end of the night and rose even further when the night was extended. Unexpectedly, although sugars rose after dawn, SnRK1 activity did not decline until about 12 h into the light period. The sucrose signal metabolite, trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), has been shown to inhibit SnRK1 in vitro. We introduced the SnRK1 reporter into lines that harbored an inducible trehalose-6-phosphate synthase construct. Elevated Tre6P decreased in vivo SnRK1 activity in the light period, but not at the end of the night. Reporter polypeptide phosphorylation was sometimes negatively correlated with Tre6P, but a stronger and more widespread negative correlation was observed with glucose-6-phosphate. We propose that SnRK1 operates within a network that controls carbon utilization and maintains diel sugar homeostasis, that SnRK1 activity is regulated in a context-dependent manner by Tre6P, probably interacting with further inputs including hexose phosphates and the circadian clock, and that SnRK1 signaling is modulated by factors that act downstream of SnRK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omri Avidan
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thiago A Moraes
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Virginie Mengin
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Stitt
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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15
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Li L, Qiao Y, Qi X, Liu W, Xu W, Dong S, Wu Y, Cui J, Wang Y, Wang QM. Sucrose promotes branch-thorn occurrence of Lycium ruthenicum through dual effects of energy and signal. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023:tpad040. [PMID: 37014760 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lycium ruthenicum is an important eco-economic thorny shrub. In this study, L. ruthenicum plants of a clone showed two types of 'less leaves without thorn' and 'more leaves with thorns' under the same condition after transplanting. Microscopic observation revealed that apical buds of the thornless (Thless) and thorny (Thorny) branches should be selected as materials for further study. RNA-Seq analysis showed that KEGG pathway of Starch and sucrose metabolism and DEGs of SUT13, SUS, TPP and TPS were significantly up-regulated in the Thorny. The results of qRT-PCR confirmed the accuracy and credibility of the RNA-Seq. The content of sucrose in the Thorny was significantly higher than that in the Thless, but the content of trehalose-6-phosphate was opposite. Leaf-clipping treatments reduced sucrose content and inhibited the occurrence/development of branch-thorns; exogenous sucrose of 16 g/L significantly promoted the occurrence and growth of branch-thorns and the promotion effects were significantly higher than those treated with non-metabolizable sucrose analogs (isomaltolose, melitose). These findings suggested that sucrose might play a dual role of energy and signal in the occurrence of branch-thorns. Higher sucrose supply in apical buds from more leaves promoted the occurrence of branch-thorns via lower content of trehalose-6-phosphate and higher expression levels of SUS, TPP and TPS, whereas less leaves inhibited the occurrence. Molecular hypothesis model of leaf number/sucrose supply regulating the occurrence of branch-thorns in L. ruthenicum was established in the study, which provides foundation for breeding both thornless L. ruthenicum and thornless types of other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Yang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Xinyu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Weiman Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Shurui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Yiming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Jianguo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
| | - Qin-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 110866
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16
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Rojas BE, Tonetti T, Figueroa CM. Trehalose 6-phosphate metabolism in C 4 species. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 72:102347. [PMID: 36806837 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is an essential signal metabolite in plants, linking growth and development to carbon status. Our current understanding of Tre6P metabolism and signaling pathways in plants is based almost entirely on studies performed with Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant that performs C3 photosynthesis. Conversely, our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in Tre6P regulation of carbon partitioning and metabolism in C4 plants is scarce. This topic is especially relevant due to the agronomic importance of crops performing C4 photosynthesis, such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane. In this review, we focused our attention on recent developments related to Tre6P metabolism in C4 species and raised some open questions that should be addressed in the near future to improve the yield of economically important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno E Rojas
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Tomás Tonetti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Figueroa
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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17
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Yang B, Zhang L, Xiang S, Chen H, Qu C, Lu K, Li J. Identification of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase (TPS) Genes Associated with Both Source-/Sink-Related Yield Traits and Drought Response in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:981. [PMID: 36903842 PMCID: PMC10005558 DOI: 10.3390/plants12050981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an important enzyme for the synthesis of Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P). In addition to being a signaling regulator of carbon allocation that improves crop yields, T6P also plays essential roles in desiccation tolerance. However, comprehensive studies, such as evolutionary analysis, expression analysis, and functional classification of the TPS family in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) are lacking. Here, we identified 35 BnTPSs, 14 BoTPSs, and 17 BrTPSs in cruciferous plants, which were classified into three subfamilies. Phylogenetic and syntenic analysis of TPS genes in four cruciferous species indicated that only gene elimination occurred during their evolution. Combined phylogenetic, protein property, and expression analysis of the 35 BnTPSs suggested that changes in gene structures might have led to changes in their expression profiles and further functional differentiation during their evolution. In addition, we analyzed one set of transcriptome data from Zhongshuang11 (ZS11) and two sets of data from extreme materials associated with source-/sink-related yield traits and the drought response. The expression levels of four BnTPSs (BnTPS6, BnTPS8, BnTPS9, and BnTPS11) increased sharply after drought stress, and three differentially expressed genes (BnTPS1, BnTPS5, and BnTPS9) exhibited variable expression patterns among source and sink tissues between yield-related materials. Our findings provide a reference for fundamental studies of TPSs in rapeseed and a framework for future functional research of the roles of BnTPSs in both yield and drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Sirou Xiang
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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18
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Kong L, Liu J, Zhang W, Li X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhan Z, Piao Z. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthetase Gene Family in Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica rapa) and Plasmodiophora brassicae during Their Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:929. [PMID: 36674458 PMCID: PMC9864397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide that is widely distributed in various organisms. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is a critical enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of trehalose, which serves important functions in growth and development, defense, and stress resistance. Although previous studies have found that the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae can lead to the accumulation of trehalose in infected Arabidopsis organs, it has been proposed that much of the accumulated trehalose is derived from the pathogen. At present, there is very little evidence to verify this view. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the TPS gene family was conducted in Brassica rapa and Plasmodiophora brassicae. A total of 14 Brassica rapa TPS genes (BrTPSs) and 3 P. brassicae TPS genes (PbTPSs) were identified, and the evolutionary characteristics, functional classification, and expression patterns were analyzed. Fourteen BrTPS genes were classified into two distinct classes according to phylogeny and gene structure. Three PbTPSs showed no significant differences in gene structure and protein conserved motifs. However, evolutionary analysis showed that the PbTPS2 gene failed to cluster with PbTPS1 and PbTPS3. Furthermore, cis-acting elements related to growth and development, defense and stress responsiveness, and hormone responsiveness were predicted in the promoter region of the BrTPS genes. Expression analysis of most BrTPS genes at five stages after P. brassicae interaction found no significant induction. Instead, the expression of the PbTPS genes of P. brassicae was upregulated, which was consistent with the period of trehalose accumulation. This study deepens our understanding of the function and evolution of BrTPSs and PbTPSs. Simultaneously, clarifying the biosynthesis of trehalose in the interaction between Brassica rapa and P. brassicae is also of great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zongxiang Zhan
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhongyun Piao
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Hu M, Xie M, Cui X, Huang J, Cheng X, Liu L, Liu S, Tong C. Genome-Wide Characterization of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase Gene Family of Brassica napus and Potential Links with Agronomic Traits. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415714. [PMID: 36555357 PMCID: PMC9779256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose and trehalose-6 phosphate played important roles in floral organ development, embryonic development, cell morphogenesis, and signal transduction under abiotic stress. However, little is known about the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene family in Brassica napus. In this study, in total, 26 TPS genes in B. napus (BnTPS genes) were identified and classified into two groups. In each group, the BnTPS genes showed relatively conserved gene structures. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and enrichment analysis indicated that BnTPS genes were involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, fructose and mannose metabolism, galactose metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, carbohydrate transmembrane transport, trehalose-phosphatase activity, etc. The expression of BnTPS genes varied greatly across different tissues, while most of the BnTPS genes showed a considerable improvement in expression under different abiotic stresses, indicating that BnTPS genes were significantly responsive to the abiotic treatments. In addition, the association mapping analysis revealed that eight BnTPS genes were potential regulators of particular agronomic traits. Among them, the gene BnTPS23 was significantly associated with the primary flowering time (PFT), full flowering time (FFT1), and final flowering time (FFT2), suggesting that BnTPS genes may play an important role in regulating key agronomic traits in B. napus. In summary, our research provides a better understanding of BnTPS genes, facilitates the breeding of superior B. napus varieties, and paves the way for future functional studies.
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20
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Characterization of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase and Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase Genes of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Analysis of Their Differential Expression in Response to Temperature. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911436. [PMID: 36232739 PMCID: PMC9569751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, the trehalose biosynthetic pathway plays key roles in the regulation of carbon allocation and stress adaptation. Engineering of the pathway holds great promise to increase the stress resilience of crop plants. The synthesis of trehalose proceeds by a two-step pathway in which a trehalose-phosphate synthase (TPS) uses UDP-glucose and glucose-6-phosphate to produce trehalose-6 phosphate (T6P) that is subsequently dephosphorylated by trehalose-6 phosphate phosphatase (TPP). While plants usually do not accumulate high amounts of trehalose, their genome encodes large families of putative trehalose biosynthesis genes, with many members lacking obvious enzymatic activity. Thus, the function of putative trehalose biosynthetic proteins in plants is only vaguely understood. To gain a deeper insight into the role of trehalose biosynthetic proteins in crops, we assessed the enzymatic activity of the TPS/TPP family from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and investigated their expression pattern in different tissues as well as in response to temperature shifts. From the 10 TPS isoforms tested, only the 2 proteins belonging to class I showed enzymatic activity, while all 5 TPP isoforms investigated were catalytically active. Most of the TPS/TPP family members showed the highest expression in mature leaves, and promoter–reporter gene studies suggest that the two class I TPS genes have largely overlapping expression patterns within the vasculature, with only subtle differences in expression in fruits and flowers. The majority of tomato TPS/TPP genes were induced by heat stress, and individual family members also responded to cold. This suggests that trehalose biosynthetic pathway genes could play an important role during temperature stress adaptation. In summary, our study represents a further step toward the exploitation of the TPS and TPP gene families for the improvement of tomato stress resistance.
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21
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Liu K, Zhou Y. Genome-wide identification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis) and expression analysis in response to phytohormones and abiotic stresses. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13934. [PMID: 36105645 PMCID: PMC9466596 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an essential enzyme for synthesizing trehalose and is a significant regulator of plant development and stress response. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is an economically important fruit tree crop and a common transgenic material. At present, little information is available about the TPS gene family in sweet orange. Methods The TPS gene family were identified from sweet orange genome by bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, the expression of CisTPS genes was analyzed under phytohormones and abiotic stresses by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Here, eight TPS genes were identified and were found to be randomly distributed in five sweet orange chromosomes. TPS and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) domains were observed in all CisTPS proteins. The phylogenetic tree showed that CisTPS genes were divided into two subfamilies, and genes in each subfamily had conserved intron structures and motif compositions. The cis-acting elements of CisTPS genes suggested their roles in phytohormone and stress responses. All CisTPS genes were ubiquitously expressed in roots, leaves, and stems, and six members were highly expressed in roots. Expression profiles showed that CisTPS genes exhibited tissue specificity and were differentially expressed in response to phytohormones and abiotic stresses. This study lays a foundation for revealing the functions of the TPS gene family in trehalose regulation in sweet orange, and provides a valuable reference for this gene family in other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Liu
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Zhu F, Li M, Sun M, Jiang X, Qiao F. Plant hormone signals regulate trehalose accumulation against osmotic stress in watermelon cells. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:1351-1369. [PMID: 35088161 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose, one of the most chemically stable sugars, can effectively improve the tolerance of various plants against abiotic stress by protecting and stabilizing protein and cell membranes. However, the signaling pathway in trehalose biosynthesis triggered by abiotic stresses is still unclear. In the study, it can be shown that exogenous trehalose can alleviate the inhibitory effect of osmotic stress on cell growth, suppress extracellular alkalization, ROS burst, and maintain the integrity of the microtubular cytoskeleton. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is the key limiting enzyme for trehalose synthesis and is encoded by 7 ClTPS genes, located in 7 different chromosomes of the watermelon genome. Expression analysis by qRT-PCR indicated that osmotic stress could upregulate the expression of all the family members of ClTPS and promote the accumulation of trehalose in watermelon cells accordingly. Exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethephon (ETH), abscisic acid (ABA), or salicylic acid (SA) induced trehalose accumulation, with MeJA being the most effective treatment. When fluridone (FL), an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor, was pre-perfused into the cells before osmotic stress, trehalose accumulation and packed cell volume were suppressed significantly, whereas inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis could even restore cell growth. Moreover, inhibition of trehalose hydrolysis could also increase the tolerance against osmotic stress. This study shows that trehalose biosynthesis is phytohormone-dependent and the hydrolysis of trehalose is involved in osmotic tolerance regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangming Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Plants of Hainan Province/Key Laboratory of Tropical Agritourism in Greenhouse of Haikou, College of Horticulture, Hainan University (HNU), Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mingyan Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Plants of Hainan Province/Key Laboratory of Tropical Agritourism in Greenhouse of Haikou, College of Horticulture, Hainan University (HNU), Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mengli Sun
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Plants of Hainan Province/Key Laboratory of Tropical Agritourism in Greenhouse of Haikou, College of Horticulture, Hainan University (HNU), Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xuefei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Plants of Hainan Province/Key Laboratory of Tropical Agritourism in Greenhouse of Haikou, College of Horticulture, Hainan University (HNU), Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Fei Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, China
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Zacharaki V, Ponnu J, Crepin N, Langenecker T, Hagmann J, Skorzinski N, Musialak‐Lange M, Wahl V, Rolland F, Schmid M. Impaired KIN10 function restores developmental defects in the Arabidopsis trehalose 6-phosphate synthase1 (tps1) mutant. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:220-233. [PMID: 35306666 PMCID: PMC9320823 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sensing carbohydrate availability is essential for plants to coordinate their growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, TREHALOSE 6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1) and its product, trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P), are important for the metabolic control of development. tps1 mutants are embryo-lethal and unable to flower when embryogenesis is rescued. T6P regulates development in part through inhibition of SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1 RELATED KINASE1 (SnRK1). Here, we explored the role of SnRK1 in T6P-mediated plant growth and development using a combination of a mutant suppressor screen and genetic, cellular and transcriptomic approaches. We report nonsynonymous amino acid substitutions in the catalytic KIN10 and regulatory SNF4 subunits of SnRK1 that can restore both embryogenesis and flowering of tps1 mutant plants. The identified SNF4 point mutations disrupt the interaction with the catalytic subunit KIN10. Contrary to the common view that the two A. thaliana SnRK1 catalytic subunits act redundantly, we found that loss-of-function mutations in KIN11 are unable to restore embryogenesis and flowering, highlighting the important role of KIN10 in T6P signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Zacharaki
- Department of Plant PhysiologyUmeå Plant Science CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐901 87UmeåSweden
| | - Jathish Ponnu
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
- Institute for Plant SciencesCologne BiocenterUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Straße 47b50674KölnGermany
| | - Nathalie Crepin
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant BiologyBiology DepartmentUniversity of Leuven–KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 313001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI)3001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
| | - Tobias Langenecker
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
| | - Jörg Hagmann
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
| | - Noemi Skorzinski
- Department of Plant PhysiologyUmeå Plant Science CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐901 87UmeåSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
| | - Magdalena Musialak‐Lange
- Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and EpigeneticsMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Vanessa Wahl
- Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and EpigeneticsMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant BiologyBiology DepartmentUniversity of Leuven–KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 313001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI)3001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
| | - Markus Schmid
- Department of Plant PhysiologyUmeå Plant Science CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐901 87UmeåSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
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Genome-Wide Analysis of the Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase Gene Family in Rose (Rosa chinensis) and Differential Expression under Heat Stress. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose and some members of the trehalose 6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene family play important roles in response to abiotic stress in plants. However, no studies investigating the TPS gene in rose have been reported. In this study, the trehalose content in the stems and roots of Rosa chinensis was significantly increased under heat stress, and nine TPS family members were identified from the genome of R. chinensis. The R. chinensis TPS (RcTPS) family members could be divided into two subfamilies based on the structure and phylogenetic analysis. In this study, we found that segmental duplications contributed to the expansion of the RcTPS gene family, and the type II subfamily gene pairs RcTPS9–RcTPS10 and RcTPS7a–RcTPS7b were created by segmental duplication events. The type I subfamily RcTPS members contained 17 exons in the protein-coding region, whereas type II subfamily members only had 3 or 4 exons. Most cis-acting elements in the promoters of RcTPS members were related to plant hormones, especially ABA hormones. A phylogenetic tree of 78 TPS homologous amino acids from R. chinensis and another 7 species was constructed, which could be divided into 5 clades, and purity selection was observed to be the dominant evolutionary selection pressure. Under heat stress, except for RcTPS1b, the other eight RcTPS members were upregulated in the roots, stems, orleaves. The type II subfamily members RcTPS7a and RcTPS7b showed significantly high expression patterns in response to heat stress in all three tissues. Our findings indicate that RcTPS7a and RcTPS7b may play important roles in the heat tolerance of R. chinensis and are helpful for future functional studies of the two RcTPS members during heat stress.
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de Oliveira LP, Navarro BV, de Jesus Pereira JP, Lopes AR, Martins MCM, Riaño-Pachón DM, Buckeridge MS. Bioinformatic analyses to uncover genes involved in trehalose metabolism in the polyploid sugarcane. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7516. [PMID: 35525890 PMCID: PMC9079074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) is an intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis that plays an essential role in plant metabolism and development. Here, we comprehensively analyzed sequences from enzymes of trehalose metabolism in sugarcane, one of the main crops used for bioenergy production. We identified protein domains, phylogeny, and in silico expression levels for all classes of enzymes. However, post-translational modifications and residues involved in catalysis and substrate binding were analyzed only in trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) sequences. We retrieved 71 putative full-length TPS, 93 trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), and 3 trehalase (TRE) of sugarcane, showing all their conserved domains, respectively. Putative TPS (Classes I and II) and TPP sugarcane sequences were categorized into well-known groups reported in the literature. We measured the expression levels of the sequences from one sugarcane leaf transcriptomic dataset. Furthermore, TPS Class I has specific N-glycosylation sites inserted in conserved motifs and carries catalytic and binding residues in its TPS domain. Some of these residues are mutated in TPS Class II members, which implies loss of enzyme activity. Our approach retrieved many homo(eo)logous sequences for genes involved in trehalose metabolism, paving the way to discover the role of T6P signaling in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauana Pereira de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Viana Navarro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pedro de Jesus Pereira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marina C M Martins
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Mauricio Riaño-Pachón
- Laboratório de Biologia Computacional, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Evolutiva e de Sistemas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Silveira Buckeridge
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, São Paulo, Brazil.
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MacIntyre AM, Meline V, Gorman Z, Augustine SP, Dye CJ, Hamilton CD, Iyer-Pascuzzi AS, Kolomiets MV, McCulloh KA, Allen C. Trehalose increases tomato drought tolerance, induces defenses, and increases resistance to bacterial wilt disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266254. [PMID: 35476629 PMCID: PMC9045674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum causes bacterial wilt disease, leading to severe crop losses. Xylem sap from R. solanacearum-infected tomato is enriched in the disaccharide trehalose. Water-stressed plants also accumulate trehalose, which increases drought tolerance via abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Because R. solanacearum-infected plants suffer reduced water flow, we hypothesized that bacterial wilt physiologically mimics drought stress, which trehalose could mitigate. We found that R. solanacearum-infected plants differentially expressed drought-associated genes, including those involved in ABA and trehalose metabolism, and had more ABA in xylem sap. Consistent with this, treating tomato roots with ABA reduced both stomatal conductance and stem colonization by R. solanacearum. Treating roots with trehalose increased xylem sap ABA and reduced plant water use by lowering stomatal conductance and temporarily improving water use efficiency. Trehalose treatment also upregulated expression of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent tomato defense genes; increased xylem sap levels of SA and other antimicrobial compounds; and increased bacterial wilt resistance of SA-insensitive NahG tomato plants. Additionally, trehalose treatment increased xylem concentrations of jasmonic acid and related oxylipins. Finally, trehalose-treated plants were substantially more resistant to bacterial wilt disease. Together, these data show that exogenous trehalose reduced both water stress and bacterial wilt disease and triggered systemic disease resistance, possibly through a Damage Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMP) response pathway. This suite of responses revealed unexpected linkages between plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress and suggested that R. solanacearum-infected plants increase trehalose to improve water use efficiency and increase wilt disease resistance. The pathogen may degrade trehalose to counter these efforts. Together, these results suggest that treating tomatoes with exogenous trehalose could be a practical strategy for bacterial wilt management.
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Affiliation(s)
- April M. MacIntyre
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Valerian Meline
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Zachary Gorman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Steven P. Augustine
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Carolyn J. Dye
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Corri D. Hamilton
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Anjali S. Iyer-Pascuzzi
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Michael V. Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Katherine A. McCulloh
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Caitilyn Allen
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Han C, Qiao Y, Yao L, Hao W, Liu Y, Shi W, Fan M, Bai MY. TOR and SnRK1 fine tune SPEECHLESS transcription and protein stability to optimize stomatal development in response to exogenously supplied sugar. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:107-121. [PMID: 35060119 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, the differentiation of epidermal cells into stomata is regulated by endogenous and environmental signals. Sugar is required for plant epidermal cell proliferation and differentiation. However, it is unclear how epidermal cells maintain division and differentiation to generate proper amounts of stomata in response to different sugar availability. Here, we show that two evolutionarily conserved kinase Snf1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) and Target of rapamycin (TOR) play critical roles in the regulation of stomatal development under different sugar availability. When plants are grown on a medium containing 1% sucrose, sucrose-activated TOR promotes the stomatal development by inducing the expression of SPEECHLESS (SPCH), a master regulator of stomatal development. SnRK1 promotes stomatal development through phosphorylating and stabilizing SPCH. However, under the high sucrose conditions, the highly accumulated trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P) represses the activity of KIN10, the catalytic α-subunit of SnRK1, by reducing the interaction between KIN10 and its upstream kinase, consequently promoting SPCH degradation and inhibiting stomatal development. Our findings revealed that TOR and SnRK1 finely regulate SPCH expression and protein stability to optimize the stomatal development in response to exogenously supplied sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lianmei Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yue Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wen Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Min Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Finegan C, Boehlein SK, Leach KA, Madrid G, Hannah LC, Koch KE, Tracy WF, Resende MFR. Genetic Perturbation of the Starch Biosynthesis in Maize Endosperm Reveals Sugar-Responsive Gene Networks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:800326. [PMID: 35211133 PMCID: PMC8861272 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.800326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In maize, starch mutants have facilitated characterization of key genes involved in endosperm starch biosynthesis such as large subunit of AGPase Shrunken2 (Sh2) and isoamylase type DBE Sugary1 (Su1). While many starch biosynthesis enzymes have been characterized, the mechanisms of certain genes (including Sugary enhancer1) are yet undefined, and very little is understood about the regulation of starch biosynthesis. As a model, we utilize commercially important sweet corn mutations, sh2 and su1, to genetically perturb starch production in the endosperm. To characterize the transcriptomic response to starch mutations and identify potential regulators of this pathway, differential expression and coexpression network analysis was performed on near-isogenic lines (NILs) (wildtype, sh2, and su1) in six genetic backgrounds. Lines were grown in field conditions and kernels were sampled in consecutive developmental stages (blister stage at 14 days after pollination (DAP), milk stage at 21 DAP, and dent stage at 28 DAP). Kernels were dissected to separate embryo and pericarp from the endosperm tissue and 3' RNA-seq libraries were prepared. Mutation of the Su1 gene led to minimal changes in the endosperm transcriptome. Responses to loss of sh2 function include increased expression of sugar (SWEET) transporters and of genes for ABA signaling. Key regulators of starch biosynthesis and grain filling were identified. Notably, this includes Class II trehalose 6-phosphate synthases, Hexokinase1, and Apetala2 transcription factor-like (AP2/ERF) transcription factors. Additionally, our results provide insight into the mechanism of Sugary enhancer1, suggesting a potential role in regulating GA signaling via GRAS transcription factor Scarecrow-like1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Finegan
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Susan K. Boehlein
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kristen A. Leach
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gabriela Madrid
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - L. Curtis Hannah
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Karen E. Koch
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - William F. Tracy
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Marcio F. R. Resende
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Yuan G, Liu J, An G, Li W, Si W, Sun D, Zhu Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthetase (TPS) Gene Family in Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus) and Their Transcriptional Responses to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:276. [PMID: 35008702 PMCID: PMC8745194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increase in watermelon cultivation area, there is an urgent need to explore enzymatic and genetic resources for the sustainable development of watermelon, especially under salt stress. Among the various compounds known, trehalose plays an important role in regulating abiotic stress tolerances in diverse organisms, including plants. Therefore, the present study comprehensively analyzed the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene family in watermelon. The study analyzed the functional classification, evolutionary characteristics, and expression patterns of the watermelon TPS genes family. Seven ClTPSs were identified and classified into two distinct classes according to gene structure and phylogeny. Evolutionary analysis suggested the role of purifying selection in the evolution of the TPS family members. Further, cis-acting elements related to plant hormones and abiotic stress were identified in the promoter region of the TPS genes. The tissue-specific expression analysis showed that ClTPS genes were widely expressed in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, while ClTPS3 was significantly induced under salt stress. The overexpression of ClTPS3 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly improved salt tolerance. Finally, the STRING functional protein association networks suggested that the transcription factor ClMYB and ClbHLH regulate ClTPS3. Thus, the study indicates the critical role of ClTPS3 in watermelon response to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dexi Sun
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (G.Y.); (J.L.); (G.A.); (W.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Yingchun Zhu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (G.Y.); (J.L.); (G.A.); (W.L.); (W.S.)
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Gao Y, Yang X, Yang X, Zhao T, An X, Chen Z. Characterization and expression pattern of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene families in Populus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:9-23. [PMID: 34298047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose plays an important role in plant metabolism, growth development, and stress tolerance. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene (TPP) are vital for the synthesis of trehalose. Populus is a prominent perennial woody plant, in which systematic genome-wide analysis of the TPS and TPP family is limited. In this study, 13 PtTPS and 10 PtTPP genes were identified in the Populus genome. Phylogenetic analysis indicated PtTPS and PtTPP genes were both divided into two subfamilies, and gene members of each subfamily have highly conserved intron structures. Analysis of cis-acting elements showed that PtTPS and PtTPP genes were involved in plant hormones and environmental stress responses. Expression profiles also found PtTPSs and PtTPPs expressed differently in response to salt stress, cold, mechanical damage, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate treatment. Furthermore, reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR results found PtTPSs and PtTPPs displayed a specific expression pattern in the seven developmental stages of Populus male and female floral buds. This work will not only lead a foundation on reveal the functions of PtTPS and PtTPP gene families in trehalose regulation of poplar but also provide references to related trehalose research in other perennial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biamass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiong Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tianyun Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinmin An
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biamass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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31
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Sun J, Chen T, Tao J. Single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing provides insight into the TPS gene family in Paeonia ostii. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11808. [PMID: 34316413 PMCID: PMC8286706 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tree peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC), one of the traditional famous flowers with both ornamental and medicinal value, was widely used in China. Surprisingly little is known about the full-length transcriptome sequencing in tree peony, limiting the research on its gene function and molecular mechanism. The trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPS) family genes has been found to affect plant growth and development and the function of TPS genes in Paeonia ostii is unknown. METHODS In our study, we performed single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing in P. ostii. 10 TPS family members were identified from PacBio sequencing for bioinformatics analysis and transcriptional expression analysis. RESULTS A total of 230,736 reads of insert (ROI) sequences and 114,215 full-Length non-chimeric reads (FLNC) were obtained for further ORFs and transcription factors prediction, SSR analysis and lncRNA identification. NR, Swissprot, GO, COG, KOG, Pfam and KEGG databases were used to obtain annotation information of transcripts. 10 TPS family members were identified with molecular weights between 48.0 to 108.5 kD and isoelectric point between 5.61 to 6.37. Furthermore, we found that TPS family members contain conserved TPP or TPS domain. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, PoTPS1 protein was highly similar to AtTPS1 protein in Arabidopsis. Finally, we analyzed the expression levels of all TPS genes in P. ostii and found PoTPS5 expressed at the highest level. In conclusion, this study combined the results of the transcriptome to systematically analyze the 10 TPS family members, and sets a framework for further research of this important gene family in development of tree peony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tian Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Morabito C, Secchi F, Schubert A. Grapevine TPS (trehalose-6-phosphate synthase) family genes are differentially regulated during development, upon sugar treatment and drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:54-62. [PMID: 33964690 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) performs the first step in the biosynthetic pathway of trehalose-6-phosphate and trehalose. These two molecules play key roles in the control of carbon allocation and of stress responses in plants. We investigated the organization of the TPS gene family and its developmental and environmental expression regulation in grapevine, a major horticultural crop. We identified three novel genes in the family, and assessed the expression of the 11 family members in tissues and developmental phases. Two potentially biosynthetic TPS isoforms belonging to Class I were preferentially expressed in leaf (VvTPS1_A) and in fruit (VvTPS1_B) respectively. Sucrose treatment induced expression of VvTPS1_B, but not of VvTPS1_A, and a progressive decrease of sucrose concentration. Expression of a few Class II genes was affected by sucrose treatment. Application of osmotic stress by withdrawing irrigation also induced a decrease in sucrose and an increase of glucose content, and down-regulation of the VvTPS1_A gene. We discuss the possible role of these potential biosynthetic TPS genes. Subgroups of TPS genes, including both Class I and ClassII isoforms, followed a co-expression pattern in different conditions, suggesting that Class II TPS proteins may directly or indirectly interact with TPS biosynthetic genes. Our results pave the way for clarification of the role of TPS isoforms in grapevine responses to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morabito
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Francesca Secchi
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Andrea Schubert
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
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Fichtner F, Lunn JE. The Role of Trehalose 6-Phosphate (Tre6P) in Plant Metabolism and Development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:737-760. [PMID: 33428475 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-095929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) has a dual function as a signal and homeostatic regulator of sucrose levels in plants. In source leaves, Tre6P regulates the production of sucrose to balance supply with demand for sucrose from growing sink organs. As a signal of sucrose availability, Tre6P influences developmental decisions that will affect future demand for sucrose, such as flowering, embryogenesis, and shoot branching, and links the growth of sink organs to sucrose supply. This involves complex interactions with SUCROSE-NON-FERMENTING1-RELATED KINASE1 that are not yet fully understood. Tre6P synthase, the enzyme that makes Tre6P, plays a key role in the nexus between sucrose and Tre6P, operating in the phloem-loading zone of leaves and potentially generating systemic signals for source-sink coordination. Many plants have large and diverse families of Tre6P phosphatase enzymes that dephosphorylate Tre6P, some of which have noncatalytic functions in plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fichtner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;
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Kosar F, Akram NA, Ashraf M, Ahmad A, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Impact of exogenously applied trehalose on leaf biochemistry, achene yield and oil composition of sunflower under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:317-333. [PMID: 32562257 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the influence of trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide involved in improving plant stress tolerance, on two cultivars (Hysun 33 and FH 598) of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown under control and drought stress conditions. At pre-flowering stage, varying concentrations (10, 20 and 30 mM) of trehalose were applied to the foliage. Drought stress significantly suppressed the plant growth, total soluble proteins, chlorophyll, achene yield per plant, oil percentage, organic contents, as well as oil palmitic and linoleic acids in both sunflower cultivars. External application of trehalose significantly reduced RMP (relative membrane permeability), and the accumulation of H2 O2 (hydrogen peroxide), while a considerable improvement was recorded in shoot fresh and shoot and root dry weights, total soluble proteins, glycinebetaine, AsA (ascorbic acid), total phenolics, achene yield per plant, oil contents, inorganic and organic contents, and the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes under water-limited regimes. The cultivar Hysun 33 was superior to the other cultivar in plant growth, RMP, glycinebetaine, proline, achene yield per plant, oil contents, and palmitic and linoleic acids. Overall, foliar-applied trehalose improved plant growth, oxidative defense system, yield and oil composition of sunflower under drought stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdos Kosar
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nudrat Aisha Akram
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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35
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Dan Y, Niu Y, Wang C, Yan M, Liao W. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase ( TPS) gene family in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11398. [PMID: 33987038 PMCID: PMC8092105 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is significant in the growth, development and stress resistance of plants. We identified the cucumber TPS family and its physicochemical properties, domains, gene structures, evolutionary relationships, gene locations, cis-acting elements, conserved motifs, and expression patterns using bioinformatics. Our results uncovered seven CsTPS genes in the cucumber genome and named CsTPS1-CsTPS7 according to their locations in the chromosomes. Seven CsTPS genes were randomly distributed in six cucumber chromosomes. Domain analysis showed that the TPS and TPP domains exist in all CsTPSs, and an additional hydrolase-3 domain exist in CsTPS3, CsTPS5 and CsTPS6. Phylogenetic analysis showed that TPS proteins from Arabidopsis, rice, soybean, and cucumber were divided into two subfamilies (Class I and Class II) and they were further divided into seven subgroups. TPS proteins from Arabidopsis and cucumber were grouped together, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship. Gene structure analysis indicated that most Class I genes contained 16-17 introns, while Class II genes (except CsTPS7) had two introns. Motif analysis showed that Class II genes had 10 complete conserved motifs, while Class I genes lacked motif 8 and motif 9. Furthermore, CsTPS genes possessed numerous cis-acting elements related to stress, hormone, and light response in the promoter regions. GO analysis indicated multiple functions for the CsTPS proteins. Expression analysis of CsTPS genes in different tissues found that they were expressed in roots, stems and leaves, with the highest expression levels in roots. The expression analysis of CsTPSs under different treatments showed that CsTPS genes may participate in the response to abiotic stress, plant hormones and sugar treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Dan
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Niu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mei Yan
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Xu R, Guo Y, Peng S, Liu J, Li P, Jia W, Zhao J. Molecular Targets and Biological Functions of cAMP Signaling in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050688. [PMID: 34063698 PMCID: PMC8147800 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a pivotal signaling molecule existing in almost all living organisms. However, the mechanism of cAMP signaling in plants remains very poorly understood. Here, we employ the engineered activity of soluble adenylate cyclase to induce cellular cAMP elevation in Arabidopsis thaliana plants and identify 427 cAMP-responsive genes (CRGs) through RNA-seq analysis. Induction of cellular cAMP elevation inhibits seed germination, disturbs phytohormone contents, promotes leaf senescence, impairs ethylene response, and compromises salt stress tolerance and pathogen resistance. A set of 62 transcription factors are among the CRGs, supporting a prominent role of cAMP in transcriptional regulation. The CRGs are significantly overrepresented in the pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling, and diterpenoid biosynthesis, but they are also implicated in lipid, sugar, K+, nitrate signaling, and beyond. Our results provide a basic framework of cAMP signaling for the community to explore. The regulatory roles of cAMP signaling in plant plasticity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqiang Xu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0371-6778-5095
| | - Yanhui Guo
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Song Peng
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jinrui Liu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Panyu Li
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wenjing Jia
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Junheng Zhao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.G.); (S.P.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (W.J.); (J.Z.)
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Fichtner F, Dissanayake IM, Lacombe B, Barbier F. Sugar and Nitrate Sensing: A Multi-Billion-Year Story. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:352-374. [PMID: 33281060 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sugars and nitrate play a major role in providing carbon and nitrogen in plants. Understanding how plants sense these nutrients is crucial, most notably for crop improvement. The mechanisms underlying sugar and nitrate sensing are complex and involve moonlighting proteins such as the nitrate transporter NRT1.1/NFP6.3 or the glycolytic enzyme HXK1. Major components of nutrient signaling, such as SnRK1, TOR, and HXK1, are relatively well conserved across eukaryotes, and the diversification of components such as the NRT1 family and the SWEET sugar transporters correlates with plant terrestrialization. In plants, Tre6P plays a hormone-like role in plant development. In addition, nutrient signaling has evolved to interact with the more recent hormone signaling, allowing fine-tuning of physiological and developmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fichtner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | - Benoit Lacombe
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Francois Barbier
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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38
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Liu Z, Shi Y, Xue Y, Wang X, Huang Z, Xue J, Zhang X. Non-structural carbohydrates coordinate tree peony flowering both as energy substrates and as sugar signaling triggers, with the bracts playing an essential role. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:80-88. [PMID: 33341082 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The natural fluorescence of tree peony is short. Forcing culture, mainly by defoliation and gibberellin (GA) treatment, is frequently used for its industrial production. We previously found forcing culture to be coordinated by non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs). Herein, we further revealed the specific role of NSCs during this process. We observed that both defoliation and GA treatment increased the photosynthesis in the bracts, and defoliation had a greater effect on NSC assimilation. We further determined the NSC content and PsSWEETs expression in the bracts, and the results indicated that GA may contribute more to NSC allocation by inducing PsSWEET7. Furthermore, we determined the trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) content and sugar signaling-related gene (PsTPS1, PsSnRK1, and PsHXK1) expression in both the petals and bracts and found that both defoliation and GA treatment induced T6P levels as well as PsTPS1 expression in both tissues. This indicated that the sugar signaling pathway may also be involved in NSC-coordinated tree peony flowering. In particular, PsSnRK1 was more rapidly induced in the bracts (as an energy shortage response) in the control plants and was completely prohibited by defoliation and GA treatment, indicating the key role of the bracts in sugar signaling. In conclusion, NSCs induced tree peony flowering both as an energy substrate and sugar signaling trigger, with the bracts playing an essential role. These results may provide further evidence on the mechanism of NSC-coordinated flower opening in tree peony under forcing culture conditions, which may also provide a foundation for improving this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yantong Shi
- Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yuqian Xue
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhen Huang
- Zaozhuang Vocational College, Shandong, 277800, China.
| | - Jingqi Xue
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiuxin Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Omari Alzahrani F. Metabolic engineering of osmoprotectants to elucidate the mechanism(s) of salt stress tolerance in crop plants. PLANTA 2021; 253:24. [PMID: 33403449 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on engineering osmoprotectant metabolic pathway genes focused on the performance of transgenic plants under salt stress conditions rather than elucidating the underlying mechanism(s), and hence, the mechanism(s) remain(s) unclear. Salt stress negatively impacts agricultural crop yields. Hence, to meet future food demands, it is essential to generate salt stress-resistant varieties. Although traditional breeding has improved salt tolerance in several crops, this approach remains inadequate due to the low genetic diversity of certain important crop cultivars. Genetic engineering is used to introduce preferred gene(s) from any genetic reserve or to modify the expression of the existing gene(s) responsible for salt stress response or tolerance, thereby leading to improved salt tolerance in plants. Although plants naturally produce osmoprotectants as an adaptive mechanism for salt stress tolerance, they offer only partial protection. Recently, progress has been made in the identification and characterization of genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of osmoprotectants. Exogenous application of these osmoprotectants, and genetic engineering of enzymes in their biosynthetic pathways, have been reported to enhance salt tolerance in different plants. However, no clear mechanistic model exists to explain how osmoprotectant accumulation in transgenic plants confers salt tolerance. This review critically examines the results obtained thus far for elucidating the underlying mechanisms of osmoprotectants for improved salt tolerance, and thus, crop yield stability under salt stress conditions, through the genetic engineering of trehalose, glycinebetaine, and proline metabolic pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Omari Alzahrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Albaha Province, Albaha University, Albaha, 65527, Saudi Arabia.
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40
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Cao Y, Ashline DJ, Ficko-Blean E, Klein AS. Trehalose and (iso)floridoside production under desiccation stress in red alga Porphyra umbilicalis and the genes involved in their synthesis. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1468-1480. [PMID: 33460146 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The marine red alga Porphyra umbilicalis has high tolerance toward various abiotic stresses. In this study, the contents of floridoside, isofloridoside, and trehalose were measured using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in response to desiccation and rehydration treatments; these conditions are similar to the tidal cycles that P. umbilicalis experiences in its natural habitats. The GC-MS analysis showed that the concentration of floridoside and isofloridoside did not change in response to desiccation as expected of compatible solutes. Genes involved in the synthesis of (iso)floridoside and trehalose were identified from the recently completed Porphyra genome, including four putative trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) genes, two putative trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) genes, and one putative trehalose synthase/amylase (TreS) gene. Based on the phylogenetic, conserved domain, and gene expression analyses, it is suggested that the Pum4785 and Pum5014 genes are related to floridoside and isofloridoside synthesis, respectively, and that the Pum4637 gene is probably involved in trehalose synthesis. Our study verifies the occurrences of nanomolar concentrations trehalose in P. umbilicalis for the first time and identifies additional genes possibly encoding trehalose phosphate synthases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyu Cao
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA
| | - David J Ashline
- The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Anita S Klein
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA
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Diniz AL, da Silva DIR, Lembke CG, Costa MDBL, ten-Caten F, Li F, Vilela RD, Menossi M, Ware D, Endres L, Souza GM. Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Metabolism Are Coordinated to Maintain Energetic Balance during Drought in Sugarcane. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239124. [PMID: 33266228 PMCID: PMC7729667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to expand crop plantations without irrigation is a major goal to increase agriculture sustainability. To achieve this end, we need to understand the mechanisms that govern plant growth responses under drought conditions. In this study, we combined physiological, transcriptomic, and genomic data to provide a comprehensive picture of drought and recovery responses in the leaves and roots of sugarcane. Transcriptomic profiling using oligoarrays and RNA-seq identified 2898 (out of 21,902) and 46,062 (out of 373,869) transcripts as differentially expressed, respectively. Co-expression analysis revealed modules enriched in photosynthesis, small molecule metabolism, alpha-amino acid metabolism, trehalose biosynthesis, serine family amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate transport. Together, our findings reveal that carbohydrate metabolism is coordinated with the degradation of amino acids to provide carbon skeletons to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This coordination may help to maintain energetic balance during drought stress adaptation, facilitating recovery after the stress is alleviated. Our results shed light on candidate regulatory elements and pave the way to biotechnology strategies towards the development of drought-tolerant sugarcane plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Lima Diniz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (A.L.D.); (D.I.R.d.S.); (C.G.L.); (M.D.-B.L.C.); (F.t.-C.)
| | - Danielle Izilda Rodrigues da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (A.L.D.); (D.I.R.d.S.); (C.G.L.); (M.D.-B.L.C.); (F.t.-C.)
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences (CAPS), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Gimiliani Lembke
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (A.L.D.); (D.I.R.d.S.); (C.G.L.); (M.D.-B.L.C.); (F.t.-C.)
| | - Maximiller Dal-Bianco Lamas Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (A.L.D.); (D.I.R.d.S.); (C.G.L.); (M.D.-B.L.C.); (F.t.-C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe ten-Caten
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (A.L.D.); (D.I.R.d.S.); (C.G.L.); (M.D.-B.L.C.); (F.t.-C.)
| | - Forrest Li
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; (F.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Romel Duarte Vilela
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo, AL 57100-000, Brazil; (R.D.V.); (L.E.)
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil;
| | - Doreen Ware
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; (F.L.); (D.W.)
- USDA ARS NAA Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lauricio Endres
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo, AL 57100-000, Brazil; (R.D.V.); (L.E.)
| | - Glaucia Mendes Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (A.L.D.); (D.I.R.d.S.); (C.G.L.); (M.D.-B.L.C.); (F.t.-C.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang W, Chen Q, Xu S, Liu W, Zhu X, Song C. Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase E modulates ABA-controlled root growth and stomatal movement in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1518-1534. [PMID: 32167237 PMCID: PMC7586804 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose plays important roles in plant growth and stress responses and is synthesized from trehalose-6-phosphate by trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP). Here, we show that trehalose and abscisic acid (ABA) have synergistic effects on root growth and stomatal closure. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains ten genes encoding TPPs and the expression level of one, TPPE, and trehalose contents increased in response to ABA. In the presence of ABA, the ABA-responsive transcription factor ABA RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING FACTOR2 (ABF2) directly binds to the TPPE promoter to activate its expression. Genetic analysis revealed that TPPE acts downstream of ABF2, which is supported by the findings that TPPE expression and trehalose content are reduced in the abf2 mutant and that a mutation in TPPE abolished the ABA-sensitive root elongation phenotype of 35S:ABF2 plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in response to ABA failed to occur in tppe mutant plants, suggesting that TPPE is involved in ABA-controlled root elongation and stomatal movement by inducing ROS accumulation. This study uncovers a new branch of the ABA signaling pathway and provides a molecular basis for the role of trehalose in plant responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
- Department of Biology and Food ScienceShangqiu Normal UniversityShangqiu476000China
| | - Qingbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Shouming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Wen‐Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Chun‐Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
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Yang Y, Ma K, Zhang T, Li L, Wang J, Cheng T, Zhang Q. Characteristics and Expression Analyses of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase Family in Prunus mume Reveal Genes Involved in Trehalose Biosynthesis and Drought Response. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101358. [PMID: 32977584 PMCID: PMC7598203 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose and its key synthase (trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, TPS) can improve the drought tolerance of plants. However, little is known about the roles of trehalose and the TPS family in Prunus mume response to drought. In our study, we discovered that the trehalose content in leaf, root, and stem tissues significantly increased in P. mume in response to drought. Therefore, the characteristics and functions of the TPS family are worth investigating in P. mume. We identified nine TPS family members in P. mume, which were divided into two sub-families and characterized by gene structure, promoter elements, protein conserved domains, and protein motifs. We found that the Hydrolase_3 domain and several motifs were highly conserved in Group II instead of Group I. The distinctions between the two groups may result from selective constraints, which we estimated by the dN/dS (ω) ratio. The ω values of all the PmTPS family gene pairs were evaluated as less than 1, indicating that purity selection facilitated their divergence. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using 92 TPSs from 10 Rosaceae species, which were further divided into five clusters. Based on evolutionary analyses, the five clusters of TPS family proteins mainly underwent varied purity selection. The expression patterns of PmTPSs under drought suggested that the TPS family played an important role in the drought tolerance of P. mume. Combining the expression patterns of PmTPSs and the trehalose content changes in leaf, stem, and root tissues under normal conditions and drought stress, we found that the PmTPS2 and PmTPS6 mainly function in the trehalose biosynthesis in P. mume. Our findings not only provide valuable information about the functions of trehalose and TPSs in the drought response of P. mume, but they also contribute to the future drought breeding of P. mume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjuan Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Y.); (T.Z.); (L.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kaifeng Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tengxun Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Y.); (T.Z.); (L.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Y.); (T.Z.); (L.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Y.); (T.Z.); (L.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (K.M.); (J.W.); (T.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6233-8005
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Fichtner F, Olas JJ, Feil R, Watanabe M, Krause U, Hoefgen R, Stitt M, Lunn JE. Functional Features of TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE1, an Essential Enzyme in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:1949-1972. [PMID: 32276986 PMCID: PMC7268806 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE1 (TPS1) catalyzes the synthesis of the sucrose-signaling metabolite trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) and is essential for embryogenesis and normal postembryonic growth and development. To understand its molecular functions, we transformed the embryo-lethal tps1-1 null mutant with various forms of TPS1 and with a heterologous TPS (OtsA) from Escherichia coli, under the control of the TPS1 promoter, and tested for complementation. TPS1 protein localized predominantly in the phloem-loading zone and guard cells in leaves, root vasculature, and shoot apical meristem, implicating it in both local and systemic signaling of Suc status. The protein is targeted mainly to the nucleus. Restoring Tre6P synthesis was both necessary and sufficient to rescue the tps1-1 mutant through embryogenesis. However, postembryonic growth and the sucrose-Tre6P relationship were disrupted in some complementation lines. A point mutation (A119W) in the catalytic domain or truncating the C-terminal domain of TPS1 severely compromised growth. Despite having high Tre6P levels, these plants never flowered, possibly because Tre6P signaling was disrupted by two unidentified disaccharide-monophosphates that appeared in these plants. The noncatalytic domains of TPS1 ensure its targeting to the correct subcellular compartment and its catalytic fidelity and are required for appropriate signaling of Suc status by Tre6P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fichtner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Justyna J Olas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mutsumi Watanabe
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ursula Krause
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rainer Hoefgen
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Wang R, He C, Dong K, Zhao X, Li Y, Hu Y. Delineation of the Crucial Evolutionary Amino Acid Sites in Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase From Higher Plants. Evol Bioinform Online 2020; 16:1176934320910145. [PMID: 32214790 PMCID: PMC7065436 DOI: 10.1177/1176934320910145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of trehalose, with its direct product, trehalose-6-phosphate, playing important roles in regulating whole-plant carbohydrate allocation and utilization. Genes encoding TPS constitute a multigene family in which functional divergence appears to have occurred repeatedly. To identify the crucial evolutionary amino acid sites of TPS in higher plants, a series of bioinformatics tools were applied to investigate the phylogenetic relationships, functional divergence, positive selection, and co-evolution of TPS proteins. First, we identified 150 TPS genes from 13 higher plant species. Phylogenetic analysis placed these TPS proteins into 2 clades: clades A and B, of which clade B could be further divided into 4 subclades (B1-B4). This classification was supported by the intron-exon structures, with more introns present in clade A. Next, detection of the critical functionally divergent amino acid sites resulted in the isolation of a total of 286 sites reflecting nonredundant radical shifts in amino acid properties with a high posterior probability cutoff among subclades. In addition, positively selected sites were identified using a codon substitution model, from which 46 amino acid sites were isolated as exhibiting positive selection at a significant level. Moreover, 18 amino acid sites were highlighted both for functional divergence and positive selection; these may thus potentially represent crucial evolutionary sites in the TPS family. Further co-evolutionary analysis revealed 3 pairs of sites: 11S and 12H, 33S and 34N, and 109G and 110E as demonstrating co-evolution. Finally, the 18 crucial evolutionary amino acid sites were mapped in the 3-dimensional structure. A total of 77 sites harboring functionally and structurally important residues of TPS proteins were found by using the CLIPS-4D online tool; notably, no overlap was observed with the identified crucial evolutionary sites, providing positive evidence supporting their designation. A total of 18 sites were isolated as key amino acids by using multiple bioinformatics tools based on their concomitant functional divergence and positive selection. Almost all these key sites are located in 2 domains of this protein family where they exhibit no overlap with the structurally and functionally conserved sites. These results will provide an improved understanding of the complexity of the TPS gene family and of its function and evolution in higher plants. Moreover, this knowledge may facilitate the exploitation of these sites for protein engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal
University, Beijing, China
| | - Congfen He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant
Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University,
Beijing, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant
Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University,
Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal
University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal
University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingkao Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal
University, Beijing, China
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Ryu AJ, Kang NK, Jeon S, Hur DH, Lee EM, Lee DY, Jeong BR, Chang YK, Jeong KJ. Development and characterization of a Nannochloropsis mutant with simultaneously enhanced growth and lipid production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:38. [PMID: 32158502 PMCID: PMC7057510 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The necessity to develop high lipid-producing microalgae is emphasized for the commercialization of microalgal biomass, which is environmentally friendly and sustainable. Nannochloropsis are one of the best industrial microalgae and have been widely studied for their lipids, including high-value polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Many reports on the genetic and biological engineering of Nannochloropsis to improve their growth and lipid contents have been published. RESULTS We performed insertional mutagenesis in Nannochloropsis salina, and screened mutants with high lipid contents using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). We isolated a mutant, Mut68, which showed improved growth and a concomitant increase in lipid contents. Mut68 exhibited 53% faster growth rate and 34% higher fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents after incubation for 8 days, resulting in a 75% increase in FAME productivity compared to that in the wild type (WT). By sequencing the whole genome, we identified the disrupted gene in Mut68 that encoded trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) synthase (TPS). TPS is composed of two domains: TPS domain and T6P phosphatase (TPP) domain, which catalyze the initial formation of T6P and dephosphorylation to trehalose, respectively. Mut68 was disrupted at the TPP domain in the C-terminal half, which was confirmed by metabolic analyses revealing a great reduction in the trehalose content in Mut68. Consistent with the unaffected N-terminal TPS domain, Mut68 showed moderate increase in T6P that is known for regulation of sugar metabolism, growth, and lipid biosynthesis. Interestingly, the metabolic analyses also revealed a significant increase in stress-related amino acids, including proline and glutamine, which may further contribute to the Mut68 phenotypes. CONCLUSION We have successfully isolated an insertional mutant showing improved growth and lipid production. Moreover, we identified the disrupted gene encoding TPS. Consistent with the disrupted TPP domain, metabolic analyses revealed a moderate increase in T6P and greatly reduced trehalose. Herein, we provide an excellent proof of concept that the selection of insertional mutations via FACS can be employed for the isolation of mutants with improved growth and lipid production. In addition, trehalose and genes encoding TPS will provide novel targets for chemical and genetic engineering, in other microalgae and organisms as well as Nannochloropsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Jin Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Present Address: Carl. R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Seungjib Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Hur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yup Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-ryool Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Present Address: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919 Korea
- Present Address: Single-Cell Center, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology (QIBEBT), Qingdao, 266101 Shandong China
| | - Yong Keun Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
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Phan TLCHB, Delorge I, Avonce N, Van Dijck P. Functional Characterization of Class I Trehalose Biosynthesis Genes in Physcomitrella patens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1694. [PMID: 32038675 PMCID: PMC6984353 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The function of trehalose metabolism in plants during growth and development has been extensively studied, mostly in the eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana. So far, however, not much is known about trehalose metabolism in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Here, we show that in P. patens, two active trehalose-6-phosphate synthase enzymes exist, PpTPS1 and PpTPS2. Expression of both enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can complement the glucose-growth defect of the yeast tps1∆ mutant. Truncation of N-terminal extension in PpTPS1 and PpTPS2 resulted in higher TPS activity and high trehalose levels, upon expression in yeast. Physcomitrella knockout plants were generated and analyzed in various conditions to functionally characterize these proteins. tps1∆ and tps2∆ knockouts displayed a lower amount of caulonema filaments and were significantly reduced in size of gametophores as compared to the wild type. These phenotypes were more pronounced in the tps1∆ tps2∆ mutant. Caulonema formation is induced by factors such as high energy and auxins. Only high amounts of supplied energy were able to induce caulonema filaments in the tps1∆ tps2∆ mutant. Furthermore, this mutant was less sensitive to auxins as NAA-induced caulonema development was arrested in the tps1∆ tps2∆ mutant. In contrast, formation of caulonema filaments is repressed by cytokinins. This effect was more severe in the tps1∆ and tps1∆ tps2∆ mutants. Our results demonstrate that PpTPS1 and PpTPS2 are essential for sensing and signaling sugars and plant hormones to monitor the balance between caulonema and chloronema development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Le Cong Huyen Bao Phan
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Cantho, Vietnam
| | - Ines Delorge
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nelson Avonce
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Zulfiqar F, Akram NA, Ashraf M. Osmoprotection in plants under abiotic stresses: new insights into a classical phenomenon. PLANTA 2019; 251:3. [PMID: 31776765 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant osmoprotectants protect against abiotic stresses. Introgression of osmoprotectant genes into crop plants via genetic engineering is an important strategy in developing more productive plants. Plants employ adaptive mechanisms to survive various abiotic stresses. One mechanism, the osmoprotection system, utilizes various groups of low molecular weight compounds, collectively known as osmoprotectants, to mitigate the negative effect of abiotic stresses. Osmoprotectants may include amino acids, polyamines, quaternary ammonium compounds and sugars. These nontoxic compounds stabilize cellular structures and enzymes, act as metabolic signals, and scavenge reactive oxygen species produced under stressful conditions. The advent of recent drastic fluctuations in the global climate necessitates the development of plants better adapted to abiotic stresses. The introgression of genes related to osmoprotectant biosynthesis from one plant to another by genetic engineering is a unique strategy bypassing laborious conventional and classical breeding programs. Herein, we review recent literature related to osmoprotectants and transgenic plants engineered with specific osmoprotectant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nudrat Aisha Akram
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Wang S, Ouyang K, Wang K. Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Expression Analysis of TPS and TPP Gene Families in Brachypodium distachyon. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E362. [PMID: 31547557 PMCID: PMC6843561 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose biosynthesis enzyme homologues in plants contain two families, trehalose-6-phosphate synthases (TPSs) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs). Both families participate in trehalose synthesis and a variety of stress-resistance processes. Here, nine BdTPS and ten BdTPP genes were identified based on the Brachypodium distachyon genome, and all genes were classified into three classes. The Class I and Class II members differed substantially in gene structures, conserved motifs, and protein sequence identities, implying varied gene functions. Gene duplication analysis showed that one BdTPS gene pair and four BdTPP gene pairs are formed by duplication events. The value of Ka/Ks (non-synonymous/synonymous) was less than 1, suggesting purifying selection in these gene families. The cis-elements and gene interaction network prediction showed that many family members may be involved in stress responses. The quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT-PCR) results further supported that most BdTPSs responded to at least one stress or abscisic acid (ABA) treatment, whereas over half of BdTPPs were downregulated after stress treatment, implying that BdTPSs play a more important role in stress responses than BdTPPs. This work provides a foundation for the genome-wide identification of the B. distachyon TPS-TPP gene families and a frame for further studies of these gene families in abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Kai Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
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Lin Q, Yang J, Wang Q, Zhu H, Chen Z, Dao Y, Wang K. Overexpression of the trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase family gene AtTPPF improves the drought tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:381. [PMID: 31477017 PMCID: PMC6721209 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs), which are encoded by members of the TPP gene family, can improve the drought tolerance of plants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic regulation of TPP genes during drought stress remain unclear. In this study, we explored the function of an Arabidopsis TPP gene by conducting comparative analyses of a loss-of-function mutant and overexpression lines. RESULTS The loss-of-function mutation of Arabidopsis thaliana TPPF, a member of the TPP gene family, resulted in a drought-sensitive phenotype, while a line overexpressing TPPF showed significantly increased drought tolerance and trehalose accumulation. Compared with wild-type plants, tppf1 mutants accumulated more H2O2 under drought, while AtTPPF-overexpressing plants accumulated less H2O2 under drought. Overexpression of AtTPPF led to increased contents of trehalose, sucrose, and total soluble sugars under drought conditions; these compounds may play a role in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Yeast one-hybrid and luciferase activity assays revealed that DREB1A could bind to the DRE/CRT element within the AtTPPF promoter and activate the expression of AtTPPF. A transcriptome analysis of the TPPF-overexpressing plants revealed that the expression levels of drought-repressed genes involved in electron transport activity and cell wall modification were upregulated, while those of stress-related transcription factors related to water deprivation were downregulated. These results indicate that, as well as its involvement in regulating trehalose and soluble sugars, AtTPPF is involved in regulating the transcription of stress-responsive genes. CONCLUSION AtTPPF functions in regulating levels of trehalose, reactive oxygen species, and sucrose levels during drought stress, and the expression of AtTPPF is activated by DREB1A in Arabidopsis. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism by which AtTPPF regulates the response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Qiongli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Yihang Dao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
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