1
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Salloom RJ, Ahmad IM, Sahtout DZ, Baine MJ, Abdalla MY. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Prostate Cancer: Function, Regulation, and Implication in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9195. [PMID: 39273143 PMCID: PMC11394971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a significant cause of mortality in men worldwide, hence the need for a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its progression and resistance to treatment. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible enzyme involved in heme catabolism, has emerged as a critical player in cancer biology, including PC. This review explores the multifaceted role of HO-1 in PC, encompassing its function, regulation, and implications in cancer therapy. HO-1 influences cell proliferation, anti-apoptotic pathways, angiogenesis, and the tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing tumor growth and metastasis. HO-1 has also been associated with therapy resistance, affecting response to standard treatments. Moreover, HO-1 plays a significant role in immune modulation, affecting the tumor immune microenvironment and potentially influencing therapy outcomes. Understanding the intricate balance of HO-1 in PC is vital for developing effective therapeutic strategies. This review further explores the potential of targeting HO-1 as a therapeutic approach, highlighting challenges and opportunities. Additionally, clinical implications are discussed, focusing on the prognostic value of HO-1 expression and the development of novel combined therapies to augment PC sensitivity to standard treatment strategies. Ultimately, unraveling the complexities of HO-1 in PC biology will provide critical insights into personalized treatment approaches for PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramia J. Salloom
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.J.S.); (D.Z.S.)
| | - Iman M. Ahmad
- Department of Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Dania Z. Sahtout
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.J.S.); (D.Z.S.)
| | - Michael J. Baine
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Maher Y. Abdalla
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.J.S.); (D.Z.S.)
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2
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Ludwig N, Cucinelli S, Hametner S, Muckenthaler MU, Schirmer L. Iron scavenging and myeloid cell polarization. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:625-638. [PMID: 39054114 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Myeloid cells that populate all human organs and blood are a versatile class of innate immune cells. They are crucial for sensing and regulating processes as diverse as tissue homeostasis and inflammation and are frequently characterized by their roles in either regulating or promoting inflammation. Recent studies in cultured cells and mouse models highlight the role of iron in skewing the functional properties of myeloid cells in tissue damage and repair. Here, we review certain emerging concepts on how iron influences and determines myeloid cell polarization in the context of its uptake, storage, and metabolism, including in conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), sickle cell disease, and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Ludwig
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefania Cucinelli
- Department of Paediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory and University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Hametner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical Neuroscience Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Paediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory and University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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3
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Mayer C, Riera-Ponsati L, Kauppinen S, Klitgaard H, Erler JT, Hansen SN. Targeting the NRF2 pathway for disease modification in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1437939. [PMID: 39119604 PMCID: PMC11306042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1437939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a global health issue and a major economic burden. They significantly impair both cognitive and motor functions, and their prevalence is expected to rise due to ageing societies and continuous population growth. Conventional therapies provide symptomatic relief, nevertheless, disease-modifying treatments that reduce or halt neuron death and malfunction are still largely unavailable. Amongst the common hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases are protein aggregation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) constitutes a central regulator of cellular defense mechanisms, including the regulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial pathways, making it a highly attractive therapeutic target for disease modification in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we describe the role of NRF2 in the common hallmarks of neurodegeneration, review the current pharmacological interventions and their challenges in activating the NRF2 pathway, and present alternative therapeutic approaches for disease modification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lluís Riera-Ponsati
- NEUmiRNA Therapeutics, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sakari Kauppinen
- NEUmiRNA Therapeutics, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Cao S, Shi H, Garcia SF, Kito Y, Shi H, Goldberg HV, Ponce J, Ueberheide B, Lignitto L, Pagano M, Zheng N. Distinct Perception Mechanisms of BACH1 Quaternary Structure Degrons by Two F-box Proteins under Oxidative Stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.03.594717. [PMID: 38895309 PMCID: PMC11185555 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.03.594717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor BACH1 regulates heme homeostasis and oxidative stress responses and promotes cancer metastasis upon aberrant accumulation. Its stability is controlled by two F-box protein ubiquitin ligases, FBXO22 and FBXL17. Here we show that the homodimeric BTB domain of BACH1 functions as a previously undescribed quaternary structure degron, which is deciphered by the two F-box proteins via distinct mechanisms. After BACH1 is released from chromatin by heme, FBXO22 asymmetrically recognizes a cross-protomer interface of the intact BACH1 BTB dimer, which is otherwise masked by the co-repressor NCOR1. If the BACH1 BTB dimer escapes the surveillance by FBXO22 due to oxidative modifications, its quaternary structure integrity is probed by a pair of FBXL17, which simultaneously engage and remodel the two BTB protomers into E3-bound monomers for ubiquitination. By unveiling the multifaceted regulatory mechanisms of BACH1 stability, our studies highlight the abilities of ubiquitin ligases to decode high-order protein assemblies and reveal therapeutic opportunities to block cancer invasion via compound-induced BACH1 destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Box 357280, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Huigang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Box 357280, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sheena Faye Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yuki Kito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Box 357280, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hailey V. Goldberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jackeline Ponce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Beatrix Ueberheide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Luca Lignitto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ning Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Box 357280, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Lead contact
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5
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Morgenstern C, Lastres-Becker I, Demirdöğen BC, Costa VM, Daiber A, Foresti R, Motterlini R, Kalyoncu S, Arioz BI, Genc S, Jakubowska M, Trougakos IP, Piechota-Polanczyk A, Mickael M, Santos M, Kensler TW, Cuadrado A, Copple IM. Biomarkers of NRF2 signalling: Current status and future challenges. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103134. [PMID: 38643749 PMCID: PMC11046063 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The cytoprotective transcription factor NRF2 regulates the expression of several hundred genes in mammalian cells and is a promising therapeutic target in a number of diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, an ability to monitor basal and inducible NRF2 signalling is vital for mechanistic understanding in translational studies. Due to some caveats related to the direct measurement of NRF2 levels, the modulation of NRF2 activity is typically determined by measuring changes in the expression of one or more of its target genes and/or the associated protein products. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the most relevant set of these genes/proteins that best represents NRF2 activity across cell types and species. We present the findings of a comprehensive literature search that according to stringent criteria identifies GCLC, GCLM, HMOX1, NQO1, SRXN1 and TXNRD1 as a robust panel of markers that are directly regulated by NRF2 in multiple cell and tissue types. We assess the relevance of these markers in clinically accessible biofluids and highlight future challenges in the development and use of NRF2 biomarkers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Morgenstern
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabel Lastres-Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Birsen Can Demirdöğen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roberta Foresti
- University Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - Burak I Arioz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Monika Jakubowska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | | | - Michel Mickael
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552, Garbatka, Poland
| | - Marlene Santos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Ian M Copple
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.
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6
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Shi H, Duan X, Dong J, Tao Y, Lei Y. RNA-seq combined network pharmacology reveals that Fu-Gan-Wan (FGW) inhibits liver fibrosis via NF-κB/CCL2/CCR2 and lipid peroxidation via Nrf2/HMOX1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117963. [PMID: 38387680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver fibrosis is a serious complication of liver disease characterized by excessive collagen deposition, without effective therapeutic agents in the clinic. Fu-Gan-Wan (FGW) is an empirical formula used for the clinical treatment of hepatitis and cirrhosis. It has been shown to reverse experimental liver fibrosis. However, its corresponding mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE REVIEW This study aimed to elucidate the key pathways and target genes of FGW in attenuating liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The therapeutic effects of different doses of FGW on liver fibrosis were investigated using a 2 mL/kg 15% CCl4-induced mouse model. Then, RNA-seq combined with network pharmacology was used to analyze the key biological processes and signaling pathways underlying the anti-liver fibrosis exertion of FGW. These findings were validated in a TGF-β1-induced model of activation and proliferation of mouse hepatic stellate cell line JS-1. Finally, the key signaling pathways and molecular targets were validated using animal tissues, and the effect of FGW on tissue lipid peroxidation was additionally observed. RESULTS We found that 19.5 g/kg FGW significantly down-regulated CCl4-induced elevation of hepatic ALT and AST, decreased collagen deposition, and inhibited the expression of pro-fibrotic factors α-SMA, COL1α1, CTGF, TIMP-1, as well as pro-inflammatory factor TGF-β1. Additionally, FGW at doses of 62.5, 125, and 250 μg/mL dose-dependently blocked JS-1 proliferation, migration, and activation. Furthermore, RNA-seq identified the NF-κB signaling pathway as a key target molecular pathway for FGW against liver fibrosis, and network pharmacology combined with RNA-seq focused on 11 key genes. Significant changes were identified in CCL2 and HMOX1 by tissue RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. We further demonstrated that FGW significantly attenuated CCl4-induced increases in p-p65, CCL2, CCR2, and HMOX1, while significantly elevating Nrf2. Finally, FGW significantly suppressed the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products MDA and 4-HNE and reconfigured the oxidation-reduction balance, including promoting the increase of antioxidants GPx, GSH, and SOD, and the decrease of peroxidation products ROS and GSSG. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that FGW exhibits potential in mitigating CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis, lipid peroxidation, and iron metabolism disorders in mice. This effect may be mediated through the NF-κB/CCL2/CCR2 and Nrf2/HMOX1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Duan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Tao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Lei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Carrasco-Wong I, Längst G, Sobrevia L, Casanello P. Nrf2 pre-recruitment at Enhancer 2 is a hallmark of H 2 O 2 -induced epigenetic transcriptional memory in the HMOX1 gene in human umbilical artery endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38465708 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Maternal obesity (MO) is a significant cause of increased cardiometabolic risk in offspring, who present endothelial dysfunction at birth. Alterations in physiologic and cellular redox status are strongly associated with altered gene regulation in arterial endothelium. However, specific mechanisms by which the pro-oxidant fetal environment in MO could modulate the vascular gene expression and function during the offspring's postnatal life are elusive. We tested if oxidative stress could reprogram the antioxidant-coding gene's response to a pro-oxidant challenge through an epigenetic transcriptional memory (ETM) mechanism. A pro-oxidant double-hit protocol was applied to human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAECs) and EA.hy 926 endothelial cell lines. The ETM acquisition in the HMOX1 gene was analyzed by RT-qPCR. HMOX1 mRNA decay was evaluated by Actinomycin-D treatment and RT-qPCR. To assess the chromatin accessibility and the enrichment of NRF2, RNAP2, and phosphorylation at serin-5 of RNAP2, at HMOX1 gene regulatory regions, were used DNase HS-qPCR and ChIP-qPCR assays, respectively. The CpG methylation pattern at the HMOX1 core promoter was analyzed by DNA bisulfite conversion and Sanger sequencing. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, and p < 0.05 was statistically significant. Using a pro-oxidant double-hit protocol, we found that the Heme Oxygenase gene (HMOX1) presents an ETM response associated with changes in the chromatin structure at the promoter and gene regulatory regions. The ETM response was characterized by a paused-RNA Polymerase 2 and NRF2 enrichment at the transcription start site and Enhancer 2 of the HMOX1 gene, respectively. Changes in DNA methylation pattern at the HMOX1 promoter were not a hallmark of this oxidative stress-induced ETM. These data suggest that a pro-oxidant milieu could trigger an ETM at the vascular level, indicating a potential epigenetic mechanism involved in the increased cardiovascular risk in the offspring of women with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Carrasco-Wong
- Cellular Signaling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), School of Medical Technology, Medicine and Science Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gernot Längst
- Biochemistry III, Biochemistry Centre Regensburg (BCR), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Excellence, Institute for Obesity Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Paola Casanello
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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8
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Hou K, Liu L, Fang ZH, Zong WX, Sun D, Guo Z, Cao L. The role of ferroptosis in cardio-oncology. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:709-734. [PMID: 38182913 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03665-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of new generations of antitumor therapies, the average survival time of cancer patients is expected to be continuously prolonged. However, these therapies often lead to cardiotoxicity, resulting in a growing number of tumor survivors with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, a new interdisciplinary subspecialty called "cardio-oncology" has emerged, aiming to detect and treat cardiovascular diseases associated with tumors and antitumor therapies. Recent studies have highlighted the role of ferroptosis in both cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases. The balance between intracellular oxidative stress and antioxidant defense is crucial in regulating ferroptosis. Tumor cells can evade ferroptosis by upregulating multiple antioxidant defense pathways, while many antitumor therapies rely on downregulating antioxidant defense and promoting ferroptosis in cancer cells. Unfortunately, these ferroptosis-inducing antitumor therapies often lack tissue specificity and can also cause injury to the heart, resulting in ferroptosis-induced cardiotoxicity. A range of cardioprotective agents exert cardioprotective effects by inhibiting ferroptosis. However, these cardioprotective agents might diminish the efficacy of antitumor treatment due to their antiferroptotic effects. Most current research on ferroptosis only focuses on either tumor treatment or heart protection but rarely considers both in concert. Therefore, further research is needed to study how to protect the heart during antitumor therapies by regulating ferroptosis. In this review, we summarized the role of ferroptosis in the treatment of neoplastic diseases and cardiovascular diseases and also attempted to propose further research directions for ferroptosis in the field of cardio-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hou
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China.
- Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
- Pu'er People's Hospital, Yunnan, 665000, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Institute of Natural Sciences, MOE-LSC, School of Mathematical Sciences, CMA-Shanghai, SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | | | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Daqiang Sun
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
- Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
- Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China.
- Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
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9
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Rose KN, Zorlu M, Xue X, Fassini A, Cai W, Lin S, Webb P, Schwarzschild MA, Chen X, Gomperts SN. Neuroprotection of low dose carbon monoxide in Parkinson's disease models commensurate with the reduced risk of Parkinson's among smokers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.27.542565. [PMID: 37398030 PMCID: PMC10312428 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.27.542565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Paradoxically, cigarette smoking is associated with a reduced risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). This led us to hypothesize that carbon monoxide (CO) levels, which are constitutively but modestly elevated in smokers, might contribute to neuroprotection. Using rodent models of PD based on α-synuclein (αSyn) accumulation and oxidative stress, we show that low-dose CO mitigates neurodegeneration and reduces αSyn pathology. Oral CO administration activated signaling cascades mediated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which have been implicated in limiting oxidative stress, and in promoting αSyn degradation, thereby conferring neuroprotection. Consistent with a neuroprotective effect of smoking, HO-1 levels in cerebrospinal fluid were higher in human smokers compared to nonsmokers. Moreover, in PD brain samples, HO-1 levels were higher in neurons without αSyn pathology. Thus, CO in rodent PD models reduces pathology and increases oxidative stress responses, phenocopying possible protective effects of smoking evident in PD patients. These data highlight the potential for low-dose CO modulated pathways to slow symptom onset and limit pathology in PD patients.
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10
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Liu S, Tao Y, Wu S, Lin J, Fu S, Lu J, Zhang J, Fu B, Zhang E, Xu J, Wang J, Li L, Zhang L, Wang Z. Sanguinarine chloride induces ferroptosis by regulating ROS/BACH1/HMOX1 signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Chin Med 2024; 19:7. [PMID: 38195593 PMCID: PMC10777654 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sanguinarine chloride (S.C) is a benzophenanthrine alkaloid derived from the root of sanguinaria canadensis and other poppy-fumaria species. Studies have reported that S.C exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic, and growth inhibitory effects, which contribute to its anti-cancer properties. Recent studies suggested that the antitumor effect of S.C through inducing ferroptosis in some cancers. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism underlying the regulation of ferroptosis by S.C remains poorly understood. METHODS A small molecule library was constructed based on FDA and CFDA approved small molecular drugs. CCK-8 assay was applied to evaluate the effects of the small molecule compound on tumor cell viability. Prostate cancer cells were treated with S.C and then the cell viability and migration ability were assessed using CCK8, colony formation and wound healing assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron accumulation were quantified through flow cytometry analysis. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (GSH) were measured using commercially available kits. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the treatment groups. Western blotting and qPCR were utilized to investigate the expression of relevant proteins and genes. In vivo experiments employed a xenograft mice model to evaluate the anti-cancer efficacy of S.C. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that S.C effectively inhibited the viability of various prostate cancer cells. Notably, S.C exhibited the ability to enhance the cytotoxicity of docetaxel in DU145 cells. We found that S.C-induced cell death partially relied on the induction of ferroptosis, which was mediated through up-regulation of HMOX1 protein. Additionally, our investigation revealed that S.C treatment decreased the stability of BACH1 protein, which contributed to HMOX1expression. We further identified that S.C-induced ROS caused BACH1 instability by suppressing USP47expression. Moreover, In DU145 xenograft model, we found S.C significantly inhibited prostate cancer growth, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that S.C could induce regulated cell death (RCD) in prostate cancer cells and effectively inhibit tumor growth via triggering ferroptosis. This study provides evidence that S.C effectively suppresses tumor progression and induces ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells by targeting ROS/USP47/BACH1/HMOX1 axis. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that S.C effectively suppresses tumor progression and induces ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells by targeting the ROS/USP47/BACH1/HMOX1 axis. These findings offer novel insights into the underlying mechanism by which S.C inhibits the progression of prostate cancer. Furthermore, leveraging the potential of S.C in targeting ferroptosis may present a new therapeutic opportunity for prostate cancer. This study found that S.C induces ferroptosis by targeting the ROS/USP47/BACH1/HMOX1 axis in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhui Liu
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Yan Tao
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Wu
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiawei Lin
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengjun Fu
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Beitang Fu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, 830000, China
| | - Erdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicinal Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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11
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Hushpulian DM, Kaidery NA, Dutta D, Sharma SM, Gazaryan I, Thomas B. Emerging small molecule inhibitors of Bach1 as therapeutic agents: Rationale, recent advances, and future perspectives. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300176. [PMID: 37919861 PMCID: PMC11260292 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 is the master regulator of cellular stress response, facilitating the expression of cytoprotective genes, including those responsible for drug detoxification, immunomodulation, and iron metabolism. FDA-approved Nrf2 activators, Tecfidera and Skyclarys for patients with multiple sclerosis and Friedreich's ataxia, respectively, are non-specific alkylating agents exerting side effects. Nrf2 is under feedback regulation through its target gene, transcriptional repressor Bach1. Specifically, in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases with Bach1 dysregulation, excessive Bach1 accumulation interferes with Nrf2 activation. Bach1 is a heme sensor protein, which, upon heme binding, is targeted for proteasomal degradation, relieving the repression of Nrf2 target genes. Ideally, a combination of Nrf2 stabilization and Bach1 inhibition is necessary to achieve the full therapeutic benefits of Nrf2 activation. Here, we discuss recent advances and future perspectives in developing small molecule inhibitors of Bach1, highlighting the significance of the Bach1/Nrf2 signaling pathway as a promising neurotherapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry M. Hushpulian
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- A.N.Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninski prospect 33, Moscow, Russia
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College of Arts and Sciences, Pace University, 861 Bedford Road, Pleasantville, NY, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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12
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Pfefferlé M, Vallelian F. Transcription Factor NRF2 in Shaping Myeloid Cell Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:159-195. [PMID: 39017844 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor (TF) that coordinates key cellular homeostatic processes including antioxidative responses, autophagy, proteostasis, and metabolism. The emerging evidence underscores its significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune processes. This chapter delves into the role of NRF2 in myeloid cell differentiation and function and its implication in myeloid cell-driven diseases. In macrophages, NRF2 modulates cytokine production, phagocytosis, pathogen clearance, and metabolic adaptations. In dendritic cells (DCs), it affects maturation, cytokine production, and antigen presentation capabilities, while in neutrophils, NRF2 is involved in activation, migration, cytokine production, and NETosis. The discussion extends to how NRF2's regulatory actions pertain to a wide array of diseases, such as sepsis, various infectious diseases, cancer, wound healing, atherosclerosis, hemolytic conditions, pulmonary disorders, hemorrhagic events, and autoimmune diseases. The activation of NRF2 typically reduces inflammation, thereby modifying disease outcomes. This highlights the therapeutic potential of NRF2 modulation in treating myeloid cell-driven pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pfefferlé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Palani CD, Zhu X, Alagar M, Attucks OC, Pace BS. Bach1 inhibitor HPP-D mediates γ-globin gene activation in sickle erythroid progenitors. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 104:102792. [PMID: 37633023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common β-hemoglobinopathy caused by various mutations in the adult β-globin gene resulting in sickle hemoglobin production, chronic hemolytic anemia, pain, and progressive organ damage. The best therapeutic strategies to manage the clinical symptoms of SCD is the induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) using chemical agents. At present, among the Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs to treat SCD, hydroxyurea is the only one proven to induce HbF protein synthesis, however, it is not effective in all people. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of the novel Bach1 inhibitor, HPP-D to induce HbF in KU812 cells and primary sickle erythroid progenitors. HPP-D increased HbF and decreased Bach1 protein levels in both cell types. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed reduced Bach1 and increased NRF2 binding to the γ-globin promoter antioxidant response elements. We also observed increased levels of the active histone marks H3K4Me1 and H3K4Me3 supporting an open chromatin configuration. In primary sickle erythroid progenitors, HPP-D increased γ-globin transcription and HbF positive cells and reduced sickled erythroid progenitors under hypoxia conditions. Collectively, our data demonstrate that HPP-D induces γ-globin gene transcription through Bach1 inhibition and enhanced NRF2 binding in the γ-globin promoter antioxidant response elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chithra D Palani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xingguo Zhu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Manickam Alagar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | - Betty S Pace
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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14
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Hu Y, He B, Cao Q, Li Y, Tang Y, Cao T, Peng B, Zhou X, Liu S. Crosstalk of ferroptosis and oxidative stress in infectious diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1315935. [PMID: 38131014 PMCID: PMC10733455 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1315935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that pathogens can leverage to enhance their replication, transmission, and pathogenicity. Hosts typically combat pathogenic infections by utilizing oxidative stress as a defense mechanism. Nonetheless, some pathogens can trigger considerable oxidative stress while infecting, inducing an intense inflammatory response in the host's immune system and activating cell death. The process of ferroptosis is closely linked to oxidative stress, with their interaction exerting a substantial impact on the outcome of infectious diseases. This article presents an overview of the interrelated mechanisms of both Ferroptosis and oxidative stress in infectious diseases, identifying potential targets for treating such diseases in the context of their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuangquan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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15
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Xiao Q, Sun CC, Tang CF. Heme oxygenase-1: A potential therapeutic target for improving skeletal muscle atrophy. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112335. [PMID: 37984695 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common muscle disease that is directly caused by an imbalance in protein synthesis and degradation. At the histological level, it is mainly characterized by a reduction in muscle mass and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA). Patients with skeletal muscle atrophy present with reduced motor ability, easy fatigue, and poor life quality. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of heme and has attracted much attention for its anti-oxidation effects. In addition, there is growing evidence that HO-1 plays an important role in anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, pro-angiogenesis, and maintaining skeletal muscle homeostasis, making it a potential therapeutic target for improving skeletal muscle atrophy. Here, we review the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle atrophy, the biology of HO-1 and its regulation, and the biological function of HO-1 in skeletal muscle homeostasis, with a specific focus on the role of HO-1 in skeletal muscle atrophy, aiming to observe the therapeutic potential of HO-1 for skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410012, China; School of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Chen-Chen Sun
- School of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China.
| | - Chang-Fa Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410012, China.
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16
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Che J, Yang X, Jin Z, Xu C. Nrf2: A promising therapeutic target in bone-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115748. [PMID: 37865995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, as it suppresses cell damage caused by external stimuli by regulating the transcription of intracellular defense-related genes. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the crucial role of reduction-oxidation (REDOX) imbalance in the development of bone-related diseases. Nrf2, a transcription factor linked to nuclear factor-erythrocyte 2, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of oxidative stress and induction of antioxidant defenses. Therefore, further investigation of the mechanism and function of Nrf2 in bone-related diseases is essential. Considerable evidence suggests that increased nuclear transcription of Nrf2 in response to external stimuli promotes the expression of intracellular antioxidant-related genes, which in turn leads to the inhibition of bone remodeling imbalance, improved fracture recovery, reduced occurrence of osteoarthritis, and greater tumor resistance. Certain natural extracts can selectively target Nrf2, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for osteogenic arthropathy. In this article, the biological characteristics of Nrf2 are reviewed, the intricate interplay between Nrf2-regulated REDOX imbalance and bone-related diseases is explored, and the potential preventive and protective effects of natural products targeting Nrf2 in these diseases are elucidated. A comprehensive understanding of the role of Nrf2 in the development of bone-related diseases provides valuable insights into clinical interventions and can facilitate the discovery of novel Nrf2-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Che
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Costabile F, Gualtieri M, Rinaldi M, Canepari S, Vecchi R, Massimi L, Di Iulio G, Paglione M, Di Liberto L, Corsini E, Facchini MC, Decesari S. Exposure to urban nanoparticles at low PM[Formula: see text] concentrations as a source of oxidative stress and inflammation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18616. [PMID: 37903867 PMCID: PMC10616204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposures to fine particulate matter (PM[Formula: see text]) have been associated with health impacts, but the understanding of the PM[Formula: see text] concentration-response (PM[Formula: see text]-CR) relationships, especially at low PM[Formula: see text], remains incomplete. Here, we present novel data using a methodology to mimic lung exposure to ambient air (2[Formula: see text] 60 [Formula: see text]g m[Formula: see text]), with minimized sampling artifacts for nanoparticles. A reference model (Air Liquid Interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B) was used for aerosol exposure. Non-linearities observed in PM[Formula: see text]-CR curves are interpreted as a result of the interplay between the aerosol total oxidative potential (OP[Formula: see text]) and its distribution across particle size (d[Formula: see text]). A d[Formula: see text]-dependent condensation sink (CS) is assessed together with the distribution with d[Formula: see text] of reactive species . Urban ambient aerosol high in OP[Formula: see text], as indicated by the DTT assay, with (possibly copper-containing) nanoparticles, shows higher pro-inflammatory and oxidative responses, this occurring at lower PM[Formula: see text] concentrations (< 5 [Formula: see text]g m[Formula: see text]). Among the implications of this work, there are recommendations for global efforts to go toward the refinement of actual air quality standards with metrics considering the distribution of OP[Formula: see text] with d[Formula: see text] also at relatively low PM[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Costabile
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gualtieri
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 26126 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Rinaldi
- National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Gobetti, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Vecchi
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano,and INFN-Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Di Iulio
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Paglione
- National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Gobetti, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Di Liberto
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Facchini
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Gobetti, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Decesari
- National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate - Italian National Research Council (ISAC - CNR), Via Gobetti, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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18
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De Angelis M, Anichini G, Palamara AT, Nencioni L, Gori Savellini G. Dysregulation of intracellular redox homeostasis by the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein. Virol J 2023; 20:239. [PMID: 37853388 PMCID: PMC10585933 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has evolved several strategies to overcome host cell defenses by inducing cell injury to favour its replication. Many viruses have been reported to modulate the intracellular redox balance, affecting the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway. Although antioxidant modulation by SARS-CoV-2 infection has already been described, the viral factors involved in modulating the NRF2 pathway are still elusive. Given the antagonistic activity of ORF6 on several cellular pathways, we investigated the role of the viral protein towards NRF2-mediated antioxidant response. The ectopic expression of the wt-ORF6 protein negatively impacts redox cell homeostasis, leading to an increase in ROS production, along with a decrease in NRF2 protein and its downstream controlled genes. Moreover, when investigating the Δ61 mutant, previously described as an inactive nucleopore proteins binding mutant, we prove that the oxidative stress induced by ORF6 is substantially related to its C-terminal domain, speculating that ORF6 mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of nuclear mRNA export processes. In addition, activation by phosphorylation of the serine residue at position 40 of NRF2 is increased in the cytoplasm of wt-ORF6-expressing cells, supporting the presence of an altered redox state, although NRF2 nuclear translocation is hindered by the viral protein to fully antagonize the cell response. Furthermore, wt-ORF6 leads to phosphorylation of a stress-activated serine/threonine protein kinase, p38 MAPK, suggesting a role of the viral protein in regulating p38 activation. These findings strengthen the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and identify ORF6 as an important viral accessory protein hypothetically involved in modulating the antioxidant response during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta De Angelis
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Anichini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Nencioni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Yan G, Zhang X, Li H, Guo Y, Yong VW, Xue M. Anti-oxidant effects of cannabidiol relevant to intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1247550. [PMID: 37841923 PMCID: PMC10568629 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1247550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke with a high mortality rate. Oxidative stress cascades play an important role in brain injury after ICH. Cannabidiol, a major non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids, has drawn increasing interest in recent years as a potential therapeutic intervention for various neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the potential therapeutic effects of cannabidiol in countering oxidative stress resulting from ICH. The review elaborates on the various sources of oxidative stress post-ICH, including mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, iron toxicity, inflammation, and also highlights cannabidiol's ability to inhibit ROS/RNS generation from these sources. The article also delves into cannabidiol's role in promoting ROS/RNS scavenging through the Nrf2/ARE pathway, detailing both extranuclear and intranuclear regulatory mechanisms. Overall, the review underscores cannabidiol's promising antioxidant effects in the context of ICH and suggests its potential as a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaili Yan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - V. Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Chen Y, Guo X, Zeng Y, Mo X, Hong S, He H, Li J, Fatima S, Liu Q. Oxidative stress induces mitochondrial iron overload and ferroptotic cell death. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15515. [PMID: 37726294 PMCID: PMC10509277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been shown to induce cell death in a wide range of human diseases including cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, drug induced cardiotoxicity, and heart failure. However, the mechanism of cell death induced by oxidative stress remains incompletely understood. Here we provide new evidence that oxidative stress primarily induces ferroptosis, but not apoptosis, necroptosis, or mitochondria-mediated necrosis, in cardiomyocytes. Intriguingly, oxidative stress induced by organic oxidants such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) and cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), but not hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), promoted glutathione depletion and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) degradation in cardiomyocytes, leading to increased lipid peroxidation. Moreover, elevated oxidative stress is also linked to labile iron overload through downregulation of the transcription suppressor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), upregulation of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression, and enhanced iron release via heme degradation. Strikingly, oxidative stress also promoted HO-1 translocation to mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial iron overload and lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Targeted inhibition of mitochondrial iron overload or ROS accumulation, by overexpressing mitochondrial ferritin (FTMT) or mitochondrial catalase (mCAT), respectively, markedly inhibited oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis. The levels of mitochondrial iron and lipid peroxides were also markedly increased in cardiomyocytes subjected to simulated ischemia and reperfusion (sI/R) or the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX). Overexpressing FTMT or mCAT effectively prevented cardiomyocyte death induced by sI/R or DOX. Taken together, oxidative stress induced by organic oxidants but not H2O2 primarily triggers ferroptotic cell death in cardiomyocyte through GPX4 and Bach1/HO-1 dependent mechanisms. Our results also reveal mitochondrial iron overload via HO-1 mitochondrial translocation as a key mechanism as well as a potential molecular target for oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Yachang Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Xiaoliang Mo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Siqi Hong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Hui He
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Sulail Fatima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Qinghang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA.
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Berardini M, Gesualdi L, Morabito C, Ferranti F, Reale A, Zampieri M, Karpach K, Tinari A, Bertuccini L, Guarnieri S, Catizone A, Mariggiò MA, Ricci G. Simulated Microgravity Exposure Induces Antioxidant Barrier Deregulation and Mitochondria Enlargement in TCam-2 Cell Spheroids. Cells 2023; 12:2106. [PMID: 37626916 PMCID: PMC10453291 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of microgravity-induced effects in several cellular models is represented by the alteration of oxidative balance with the consequent accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is well known that male germ cells are sensitive to oxidative stress and to changes in gravitational force, even though published data on germ cell models are scarce. We previously studied the effects of simulated microgravity (s-microgravity) on a 2D cultured TCam-2 seminoma-derived cell line, considered the only human cell line available to study in vitro mitotically active human male germ cells. In this study, we used a corresponding TCam-2 3D cell culture model that mimics cell-cell contacts in organ tissue to test the possible effects induced by s-microgravity exposure. TCam-2 cell spheroids were cultured for 24 h under unitary gravity (Ctr) or s-microgravity conditions, the latter obtained using a random positioning machine (RPM). A significant increase in intracellular ROS and mitochondria superoxide anion levels was observed after RPM exposure. In line with these results, a trend of protein and lipid oxidation increase and increased pCAMKII expression levels were observed after RPM exposure. The ultrastructural analysis via transmission electron microscopy revealed that RPM-exposed mitochondria appeared enlarged and, even if seldom, disrupted. Notably, even the expression of the main enzymes involved in the redox homeostasis appears modulated by RPM exposure in a compensatory way, with GPX1, NCF1, and CYBB being downregulated, whereas NOX4 and HMOX1 are upregulated. Interestingly, HMOX1 is involved in the heme catabolism of mitochondria cytochromes, and therefore the positive modulation of this marker can be associated with the observed mitochondria alteration. Altogether, these data demonstrate TCam-2 spheroid sensitivity to acute s-microgravity exposure and indicate the capability of these cells to trigger compensatory mechanisms that allow them to overcome the exposure to altered gravitational force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Berardini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic-Medicine and Orthopedics, Section of Histology and Embryology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (L.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Luisa Gesualdi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic-Medicine and Orthopedics, Section of Histology and Embryology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (L.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Caterina Morabito
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences-CAST, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (C.M.); (S.G.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Francesca Ferranti
- Human Spaceflight and Scientific Research Unit, Italian Space Agency, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (M.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (M.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Katsiaryna Karpach
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (M.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Antonella Tinari
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Gender Prevention and Health Section, ISS Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lucia Bertuccini
- Core Facilities, ISS Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences-CAST, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (C.M.); (S.G.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Angela Catizone
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic-Medicine and Orthopedics, Section of Histology and Embryology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (L.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria A. Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences-CAST, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (C.M.); (S.G.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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22
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Fuertes-Agudo M, Luque-Tévar M, Cucarella C, Martín-Sanz P, Casado M. Advances in Understanding the Role of NRF2 in Liver Pathophysiology and Its Relationship with Hepatic-Specific Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1491. [PMID: 37627486 PMCID: PMC10451723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the pathophysiological changes of liver diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that positively regulates the basal and inducible expression of a large battery of cytoprotective genes, thus playing a key role in protecting against oxidative damage. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Its expression has always been associated with the induction of inflammation, but we have shown that, in addition to possessing other benefits, the constitutive expression of COX-2 in hepatocytes is beneficial in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in multiple liver diseases. In this review, we summarized the role of NRF2 as a main agent in the resolution of oxidative stress, the crucial role of NRF2 signaling pathways during the development of chronic liver diseases, and, finally we related its action to that of COX-2, where it appears to operate as its partner in providing a hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fuertes-Agudo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luque-Tévar
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carme Cucarella
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB) “Alberto Sols”, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Giunta S, D'Amico AG, Maugeri G, Bucolo C, Romano GL, Rossi S, Eandi CM, Pricoco E, D'Agata V. Drug-Repurposing Strategy for Dimethyl Fumarate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:974. [PMID: 37513886 PMCID: PMC10386358 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the area of drug discovery, repurposing strategies represent an approach to discover new uses of approved drugs besides their original indications. We used this approach to investigate the effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a drug approved for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and psoriasis treatment, on early injury associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). We used an in vivo streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ in rats, and after 1 week, a group of animals was treated with a daily intraperitoneal injection of DMF or a vehicle. Three weeks after diabetes induction, the retinal expression levels of key enzymes involved in DR were evaluated. In particular, the biomarkers COX-2, iNOS, and HO-1 were assessed via Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Diabetic rats showed a significant retinal upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS compared to the retina of normal rats (non-diabetic), and an increase in HO-1 was also observed in the STZ group. This latter result was due to a mechanism of protection elicited by the pathological condition. DMF treatment significantly induced the retinal expression of HO-1 in STZ-induced diabetic animals with a reduction in iNOS and COX-2 retinal levels. Taken together, these results suggested that DMF might be useful to counteract the inflammatory process and the oxidative response in DR. In conclusion, we believe that DMF represents a potential candidate to treat diabetic retinopathy and warrants further in vivo and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Giunta
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Agata Grazia D'Amico
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Maugeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology (CERFO), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Romano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology (CERFO), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara M Eandi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabetta Pricoco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Velia D'Agata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology (CERFO), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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24
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Serban RM, Niculae D, Manda G, Neagoe I, Dobre M, Niculae DA, Temelie M, Mustăciosu C, Leonte RA, Chilug LE, Cornoiu MR, Cocioabă D, Stan M, Dinischiotu A. Modifications in cellular viability, DNA damage and stress responses inflicted in cancer cells by copper-64 ions. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1197846. [PMID: 37415761 PMCID: PMC10320858 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1197846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to combined therapeutical emissions, a high linear energy transfer Auger-electrons with the longer ranged β- particles, 64Cu-based radiopharmaceuticals raise particular theragnostic interest in cancer, by joined therapeutic and real-time PET imaging properties. The in vitro study aimed to investigate the biological and molecular background of 64CuCl2 therapy by analyzing the damages and stress responses inflicted in various human normal and tumor cell lines. Colon (HT29 and HCT116) and prostate carcinoma (DU145) cell lines, as well as human normal BJ fibroblasts, were treated up to 72 h with 2-40 MBq/mL 64CuCl2. Radioisotope uptake and retention were assessed, and cell viability/death, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and the expression of 84 stress genes were investigated at various time points after [64Cu]CuCl2 addition. All the investigated cells incorporated 64Cu ions similarly, independent of their tumoral or normal status, but their fate after exposure to [64Cu]CuCl2 was cell-dependent. The most striking cytotoxic effects of the radioisotope were registered in colon carcinoma HCT116 cells, for which a substantial decrease in the number of metabolically active cells, and an increased DNA damage and oxidative stress were registered. The stress gene expression study highlighted the activation of both death and repair mechanisms in these cells, related to extrinsic apoptosis, necrosis/necroptosis or autophagy, and cell cycle arrest, nucleotide excision repair, antioxidant, and hypoxic responses, respectively. The in vitro study indicated that 40 MBq/mL [64Cu]CuCl2 delivers a therapeutic effect in human colon carcinoma, but its use is limited by harmful, yet lower effects on normal fibroblasts. The exposure of tumor cells to 20 MBq/mL [64Cu]CuCl2, might be used for a softer approach aiming for a lower radiotoxicity in normal fibroblasts as compared to tumor cells. This radioactive concentration was able to induce a persistent decrease in the number of metabolically active cells, accompanied by DNA damage and oxidative stress, associated with significant changes in stress gene expression in HCT116 colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu M. Serban
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana Niculae
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- Radiobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babeș", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Neagoe
- Radiobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babeș", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Dobre
- Radiobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babeș", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragoș A. Niculae
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Temelie
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Cosmin Mustăciosu
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Radu A. Leonte
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Livia E. Chilug
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Maria R. Cornoiu
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
- Doctoral School of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Cocioabă
- Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
- Doctoral School of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Miruna Stan
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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25
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Deng F, Qin G, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhu M, Hou M, Yao Q, Gu W, Wang C, Yang H, Jia X, Wu C, Peng H, Du H, Tang S. Multi-omics reveals 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline (BDNA)-induced hepatotoxicity and the role of the gut-liver axis in rats. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131760. [PMID: 37285786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
2-Bromo-4, 6-dinitroaniline (BDNA) is a widespread azo-dye-related hazardous pollutant. However, its reported adverse effects are limited to mutagenicity, genotoxicity, endocrine disruption, and reproductive toxicity. We systematically assessed the hepatotoxicity of BDNA exposure via pathological and biochemical examinations and explored the underlying mechanisms via integrative multi-omics analyses of the transcriptome, metabolome, and microbiome in rats. After 28 days of oral administration, compared with the control group, 100 mg/kg BDNA significantly triggered hepatotoxicity, upregulated toxicity indicators (e.g., HSI, ALT, and ARG1), and induced systemic inflammation (e.g., G-CSF, MIP-2, RANTES, and VEGF), dyslipidemia (e.g., TC and TG), and bile acid (BA) synthesis (e.g., CA, GCA, and GDCA). Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed broad perturbations in gene transcripts and metabolites involved in the representative pathways of liver inflammation (e.g., Hmox1, Spi1, L-methionine, valproic acid, and choline), steatosis (e.g., Nr0b2, Cyp1a1, Cyp1a2, Dusp1, Plin3, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid), and cholestasis (e.g., FXR/Nr1h4, Cdkn1a, Cyp7a1, and bilirubin). Microbiome analysis revealed reduced relative abundances of beneficial gut microbial taxa (e.g., Ruminococcaceae and Akkermansia muciniphila), which further contributed to the inflammatory response, lipid accumulation, and BA synthesis in the enterohepatic circulation. The observed effect concentrations here were comparable to the highly contaminated wastewaters, showcasing BDNA's hepatotoxic effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. These results shed light on the biomolecular mechanism and important role of the gut-liver axis underpinning BDNA-induced cholestatic liver disorders in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchang Deng
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guangqiu Qin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mu Zhu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Min Hou
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qiao Yao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wen Gu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chao Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hui Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xudong Jia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chongming Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Huamao Du
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Song Tang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
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26
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Ong AJS, Bladen CE, Tigani TA, Karamalakis AP, Evason KJ, Brown KK, Cox AG. The KEAP1-NRF2 pathway regulates TFEB/TFE3-dependent lysosomal biogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217425120. [PMID: 37216554 PMCID: PMC10235939 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217425120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of redox and metabolic homeostasis is integral to embryonic development. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a stress-induced transcription factor that plays a central role in the regulation of redox balance and cellular metabolism. Under homeostatic conditions, NRF2 is repressed by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Here, we demonstrate that Keap1 deficiency induces Nrf2 activation and postdevelopmental lethality. Loss of viability is preceded by severe liver abnormalities characterized by an accumulation of lysosomes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that loss of Keap1 promotes aberrant activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB)/transcription factor binding to IGHM Enhancer 3 (TFE3)-dependent lysosomal biogenesis. Importantly, we find that NRF2-dependent regulation of lysosomal biogenesis is cell autonomous and evolutionarily conserved. These studies identify a role for the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway in the regulation of lysosomal biogenesis and suggest that maintenance of lysosomal homeostasis is required during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Jessica S. Ong
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Cerys E. Bladen
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Tara A. Tigani
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Anthony P. Karamalakis
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Kimberley J. Evason
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - Kristin K. Brown
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Cox
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
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27
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Chen R, Cui Y, Mak JCW. Novel treatments against airway inflammation in COPD based on drug repurposing. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 98:225-247. [PMID: 37524488 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death and reduces quality of life that contributes to a health problem worldwide. Chronic airway inflammation is a hallmark of COPD, which occurs in response to exposure of inhaled irritants like cigarette smoke. Despite accessible to the most up-to-date medications, none of the treatments is currently available to decrease the disease progression. Therefore, it is believed that drugs which can reduce airway inflammation will provide effective disease modifying therapy for COPD. There are many broad-range anti-inflammatory drugs including those that inhibit cell signaling pathways like inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), are now in phase III development for COPD. In this chapter, we review recent basic research data in the laboratory that may indicate novel therapeutic pathways arisen from currently used drugs such as selective monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitors and drugs targeting peripheral benzodiazepine receptors [also known as translocator protein (TSPO)] to reduce airway inflammation. Considering the impact of chronic airway inflammation on the lives of COPD patients, the potential pharmacological candidates for new anti-inflammatory targets should be further investigated. In addition, it is crucial to consider the phenotypes/molecular endotypes of COPD patients together with specific outcome measures to target novel therapies. This review will enhance our knowledge on how cigarette smoke affects MAO-B activity and TSPO activation/inactivation with specific ligands through regulation of mitochondrial function, and will help to identify new potential treatment for COPD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Judith C W Mak
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.
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Chauhan W, Zennadi R. Keap1-Nrf2 Heterodimer: A Therapeutic Target to Ameliorate Sickle Cell Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030740. [PMID: 36978988 PMCID: PMC10045360 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic inheritable disease characterized by severe anemia, increased hemolysis, and recurrent, painful vaso-occlusive crises due to the polymerization of hemoglobin S (HbS)-generated oxidative stress. Up until now, only four drugs are approved for SCD in the US. However, each of these drugs affects only a limited array of SCD pathologies. Importantly, curative therapies, such as gene therapy, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are not available for every patient because of their high costs, availability of donor matching, and their serious adverse effects. Therefore, there is an unmet medical need for novel therapeutic strategies that target broader SCD sequelae. SCD phenotypic severity can be alleviated by increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression. This results in the inhibition of HbS polymerization and thus sickling, and a reduction in oxidative stress. The efficacy of HbF is due to its ability to dilute HbS levels below the threshold required for polymerization and to influence HbS polymer stability in RBCs. Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)-complex signaling is one of the most important cytoprotective signaling controlling oxidative stress. Nrf2 is present in most organs and, after dissociation from Keap1, it accumulates in the cytoplasm, then translocates to the nucleus where it binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) sequences and increases the expression of various cytoprotective antioxidant genes. Keeping this in mind, various researchers have proposed a role of multiple agents, more importantly tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), curcumin, etc., (having electrophilic properties) in inhibiting keap1 activity, so that Nrf2 can translocate to the nucleus to activate the gamma globin gene, thus maintaining alpha-hemoglobin-stabilizing protein (AHSP) and HbF levels. This leads to reduced oxidative stress, consequently minimizing SCD-associated complications. In this review, we will discuss the role of the Keap-1–Nrf2 complex in hemoglobinopathies, especially in SCD, and how this complex might represent a better target for more effective treatment options.
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Ünlü Endirlik B, Wincent E, Dreij K. Non-additive mixture effects of benzo[a]pyrene and pesticides in vitro and in vivo: Role of AhR signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120510. [PMID: 36306888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pesticides are two major groups of environmental contaminants which humans are simultaneously exposed to. However, potential mixture interactions of these groups of chemicals are not well-studied. In this study, the effects of binary mixtures of the PAH benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and the commonly used pesticides chlorpyrifos, paraquat and tebuconazole on human liver HepG2 cells were investigated. The results showed that binary mixtures of B[a]P and paraquat or tebuconazole mainly caused additive effects on cell viability and cytochrome P4501a1 (CYP1A1) expression compared to single compound exposures. In contrast, the binary mixture with chlorpyrifos interacted antagonistically on cell viability and ROS production, whereas synergistic effects were observed for induction of CYP1A1 expression. B[a]P and chlorpyrifos also inhibited the activity of recombinant human CYP1A1 enzyme. To verify the synergistic in vitro results, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to binary mixtures of B[a]P and chlorpyrifos. The mixtures caused synergistic induction of CYP1A expression, as well as synergistic developmental toxicity on multiple endpoints including non-inflated swim bladder, yolk-sac and pericardial edema, and spinal deformation. The effects were reduced upon morpholino-mediated knockdown of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), indicating an AhR-dependence of the synergistic toxicity. Altogether, these data suggest that the combination of AhR activation and CYP1A1 inhibition is responsible for the underlying non-additive interaction between B[a]P and chlorpyrifos in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ünlü Endirlik
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38280, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emma Wincent
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian Dreij
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mechanistic Insights into the Neuroprotective Potential of Sacred Ficus Trees. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224731. [PMID: 36432418 PMCID: PMC9695857 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficus religiosa (Bo tree or sacred fig) and Ficus benghalensis (Indian banyan) are of immense spiritual and therapeutic importance. Various parts of these trees have been investigated for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective, dermoprotective, and nephroprotective properties. Previous reviews of Ficus mostly discussed traditional usages, photochemistry, and pharmacological activities, though comprehensive reviews of the neuroprotective potential of these Ficus species extracts and/or their important phytocompounds are lacking. The interesting phytocompounds from these trees include many bengalenosides, carotenoids, flavonoids (leucopelargonidin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, leucopelargonidin-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, lupeol, cetyl behenate, and α-amyrin acetate), flavonols (kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin), leucocyanidin, phytosterols (bergapten, bergaptol, lanosterol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol), terpenes (α-thujene, α-pinene, β-pinene, α-terpinene, limonene, β-ocimene, β-bourbonene, β-caryophyllene, α-trans-bergamotene, α-copaene, aromadendrene, α-humulene, alloaromadendrene, germacrene, γ-cadinene, and δ-cadinene), and diverse polyphenols (tannin, wax, saponin, leucoanthocyanin), contributing significantly to their pharmacological effects, ranging from antimicrobial action to neuroprotection. This review presents extensive mechanistic insights into the neuroprotective potential, especially important phytochemicals from F. religiosa and F. benghalensis. Owing to the complex pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), the currently existing drugs merely alleviate the symptoms. Hence, bioactive compounds with potent neuroprotective effects through a multitarget approach would be of great interest in developing pharmacophores for the treatment of NDDs.
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Kopacz A, Rojo AI, Patibandla C, Lastra-Martínez D, Piechota-Polanczyk A, Kloska D, Jozkowicz A, Sutherland C, Cuadrado A, Grochot-Przeczek A. Overlooked and valuable facts to know in the NRF2/KEAP1 field. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 192:37-49. [PMID: 36100148 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kopacz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ana I Rojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Chinmai Patibandla
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Lastra-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleksandra Piechota-Polanczyk
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Damian Kloska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Calum Sutherland
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anna Grochot-Przeczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Zhang CY, Hu XC, Zhang GZ, Liu MQ, Chen HW, Kang XW. Role of Nrf2 and HO-1 in intervertebral disc degeneration. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:559-576. [PMID: 35736364 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2089565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common age-related disease with clinical manifestations of lumbar and leg pain and limited mobility. The pathogenesis of IDD is mainly mediated by the death of intervertebral disc (IVD) cells and the imbalance of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation. Oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions are the important factors causing this pathological change. Therefore, the regulation of reactive oxygen species and production of inflammatory factors may be an effective strategy to delay the progression of IDD. In recent years, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream regulated protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) have received special attention due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic protective effects. Recent studies have elucidated the important role of these two proteins in the treatment of IDD disease. However, Nrf2 and HO-1 have not been systematically reported in IDD-related diseases. Therefore, this review describes the biological characteristics of Nrf2 and HO-1, the relationship between Nrf2- and HO-1-regulated oxidative stress and the inflammatory response and IDD, and the progress in research on some extracts targeting Nrf2 and HO-1 to improve IDD. Understanding the role and mechanism of Nrf2 and HO-1 in IDD may provide novel ideas for the clinical treatment and development of Nrf2- and HO-1-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cang-Yu Zhang
- The second clinical medical college, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Xu-Chang Hu
- The second clinical medical college, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The second clinical medical college, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Ming-Qiang Liu
- The second clinical medical college, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Hai-Wei Chen
- The second clinical medical college, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The second clinical medical college, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
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Vivas W, Weis S. Tidy up - The unfolded protein response in sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:980680. [PMID: 36341413 PMCID: PMC9632622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.980680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens, their toxic byproducts, and the subsequent immune reaction exert different forms of stress and damage to the tissue of the infected host. This stress can trigger specific transcriptional and post-transcriptional programs that have evolved to limit the pathogenesis of infectious diseases by conferring tissue damage control. If these programs fail, infectious diseases can take a severe course including organ dysfunction and damage, a phenomenon that is known as sepsis and which is associated with high mortality. One of the key adaptive mechanisms to counter infection-associated stress is the unfolded protein response (UPR), aiming to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress and restore protein homeostasis. This is mediated via a set of diverse and complementary mechanisms, i.e. the reduction of protein translation, increase of protein folding capacity, and increase of polyubiquitination of misfolded proteins and subsequent proteasomal degradation. However, UPR is not exclusively beneficial since its enhanced or prolonged activation might lead to detrimental effects such as cell death. Thus, fine-tuning and time-restricted regulation of the UPR should diminish disease severity of infectious disease and improve the outcome of sepsis while not bearing long-term consequences. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the UPR, its role in infectious diseases, regulation mechanisms, and further clinical implications in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Vivas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Wolfgang Vivas,
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Activation of Nrf2 to Optimise Immune Responses to Intracerebral Haemorrhage. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101438. [PMID: 36291647 PMCID: PMC9599325 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemorrhage into the brain parenchyma can be devastating. This manifests as spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) after head trauma, and in the context of vascular dementia. Randomised controlled trials have not reliably shown that haemostatic treatments aimed at limiting ICH haematoma expansion and surgical approaches to reducing haematoma volume are effective. Consequently, treatments to modulate the pathophysiological responses to ICH, which may cause secondary brain injury, are appealing. Following ICH, microglia and monocyte derived cells are recruited to the peri-haematomal environment where they phagocytose haematoma breakdown products and secrete inflammatory cytokines, which may trigger both protective and harmful responses. The transcription factor Nrf2, is activated by oxidative stress, is highly expressed by central nervous system microglia and macroglia. When active, Nrf2 induces a transcriptional programme characterised by increased expression of antioxidant, haem and heavy metal detoxification and proteostasis genes, as well as suppression of proinflammatory factors. Therefore, Nrf2 activation may facilitate adaptive-protective immune cell responses to ICH by boosting resistance to oxidative stress and heavy metal toxicity, whilst limiting harmful inflammatory signalling, which can contribute to further blood brain barrier dysfunction and cerebral oedema. In this review, we consider the responses of immune cells to ICH and how these might be modulated by Nrf2 activation. Finally, we propose potential therapeutic strategies to harness Nrf2 to improve the outcomes of patients with ICH.
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Sato K. [Elucidation and Application of Novel Action of Therapeutic Agents for Diabetic Neuropathy]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:1037-1044. [PMID: 36184437 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epalrestat is the only aldose reductase inhibitor that is currently available for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Oxidative stress impairs endothelial cells, thereby leading to numerous pathological conditions. Increasing antioxidative ability is important to prevent cellular toxicity induced by reactive oxygen species. Epalrestat increases antioxidant defense factors such as glutathione and γ-glutamylcysteine ligase in vascular endothelial cells through activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). This increases suppression of oxidative stress-induced cellular toxicity. Cadmium is an industrial and environmental pollutant that targets the vascular endothelium. The vascular system is critically affected by cadmium toxicity. Therapeutic treatment against cadmium toxicity is chelation therapy that promotes metal excretion; however, cadmium chelators can cause renal toxicity. Therefore, safe and efficient therapeutic agents are required. Epalrestat suppresses cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells through activation of Nrf2. In addition, epalrestat affects the intracellular levels of cadmium, cadmium transporter Zrt-Irt-like protein 8 (ZIP8), and metallothionein (MT). The upregulation of ZIP8 and MT may be involved in the suppression of cadmium-induced cytotoxicity by epalrestat. Drug repurposing is a new strategy for drug discovery in which the pharmacological action of existing medicines whose safety and pharmacokinetics have already been confirmed clinically and whose use has been approved is examined comprehensively at the molecular level. The results can be applied to the development of existing drugs for use as medicines for the treatment of other diseases. This review provides useful findings for future expansion of indications as research leading to drug repurposing of epalrestat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sato
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science
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Moreno R, Casares L, Higgins M, Ali KX, Honda T, Wiel C, Sayin VI, Dinkova-Kostova AT, de la Vega L. Biotinylation of an acetylenic tricyclic bis(cyanoenone) lowers its potency as an NRF2 activator while creating a novel activity against BACH1. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:203-211. [PMID: 36084789 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor BACH1 regulates the expression of a variety of genes including genes involved in oxidative stress responses, inflammation, cell motility, cancer cell invasion and cancer metabolism. Based on this, BACH1 has become a promising therapeutic target in cancer (as anti-metastatic target) and also in chronic conditions linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, where BACH1 inhibitors share a therapeutic space with activators of transcription factor NRF2. However, while there is a growing number of NRF2 activators, there are only a few described BACH1 inhibitors/degraders. The synthetic acetylenic tricyclic bis(cyanoenone),(±)-(4bS,8aR,10aS)-10a-ethynyl-4b,8,8-trimethyl-3,7-dioxo-3.4b,7,8,8a,9,10, 10a-octahydrophenanthrene-2,6-dicarbonitrile, TBE31 is a potent activator of NRF2 without any BACH1 activity. Herein we found that biotinylation of TBE31 greatly reduces its potency as NRF2 activator (50-75-fold less active) while acquiring a novel activity as a BACH1 degrader (100-200-fold more active). We demonstrate that TBE56, the biotinylated TBE31, interacts and promotes the degradation of BACH1 via a mechanism involving the E3 ligase FBXO22. TBE56 is a potent and sustained BACH1 degrader (50-fold more potent than hemin) and accordingly a powerful HMOX1 inducer. TBE56 degrades BACH1 in lung and breast cancer cells, impairing breast cancer cell migration and invasion in a BACH1-dependent manner, while TBE31 has no significant effect. Altogether, our study identifies that the biotinylation of TBE31 provides novel activities with potential therapeutic value, providing a rationale for further characterisation of this and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Moreno
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Laura Casares
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Maureen Higgins
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Kevin X Ali
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK.
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Manda G, Milanesi E, Genc S, Niculite CM, Neagoe IV, Tastan B, Dragnea EM, Cuadrado A. Pros and cons of NRF2 activation as adjunctive therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:179-201. [PMID: 35964840 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with an important inflammatory component accompanied by deregulated redox-dependent signaling pathways that are feeding back into inflammation. In this context, we bring into focus the transcription factor NRF2, a master redox regulator that exerts exquisite antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The review does not intend to be exhaustive, but to point out arguments sustaining the rationale for applying an NRF2-directed co-treatment in RA as well as its potential limitations. The involvement of NRF2 in RA is emphasized through an analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data on NRF2 target genes and the findings from NRF2-knockout mice. The impact of NRF2 on concurrent pathologic mechanisms in RA is explained by its crosstalk with major redox-sensitive inflammatory and cell death-related pathways, in the context of the increased survival of pathologic cells in RA. The proposed adjunctive therapy targeted to NRF2 is further sustained by the existence of promising NRF2 activators that are in various stages of drug development. The interference of NRF2 with conventional anti-rheumatic therapies is discussed, including the cytoprotective effects of NRF2 for alleviating drug toxicity. From another perspective, the review presents how NRF2 activation would be decreasing the efficacy of synthetic anti-rheumatic drugs by increasing drug efflux. Future perspectives regarding pharmacologic NRF2 activation in RA are finally proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Manda
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sermin Genc
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cristina Mariana Niculite
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Victoria Neagoe
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bora Tastan
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elena Mihaela Dragnea
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Petsouki E, Cabrera SNS, Heiss EH. AMPK and NRF2: Interactive players in the same team for cellular homeostasis? Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:75-93. [PMID: 35918013 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
NRF2 (Nuclear factor E2 p45-related factor 2) is a stress responsive transcription factor lending cells resilience against oxidative, xenobiotic, and also nutrient or proteotoxic insults. AMPK (AMP-activated kinase), considered as prime regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, not only tunes metabolism to provide the cell at any time with sufficient ATP or building blocks, but also controls redox balance and inflammation. Due to observed overlapping cellular responses upon AMPK or NRF2 activation and common stressors impinging on both AMPK and NRF2 signaling, it is plausible to assume that AMPK and NRF2 signaling may interdepend and cooperate to readjust cellular homeostasis. After a short introduction of the two players this narrative review paints the current picture on how AMPK and NRF2 signaling might interact on the molecular level, and highlights their possible crosstalk in selected examples of pathophysiology or bioactivity of drugs and phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Petsouki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shara Natalia Sosa Cabrera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (VDS PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Jiang Y, Duan LJ, Pi J, Le YZ, Fong GH. Dependence of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Integrity on the NRF2-Heme Oxygenase-1 Axis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:30. [PMID: 36036912 PMCID: PMC9434985 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.9.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Tight junctions (TJs) form the structural basis of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) barrier functions. Although oxidative stress contributes to age-related macular degeneration, it is unclear how RPE TJ integrity is controlled by redox balance. In this study, we investigated the protective roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO1), a heme-degrading enzyme encoded by the NRF2 target gene HMOX1. Methods ARPE19 cell cultures and mice, including wild-type, Nrf2−/−, and RPE-specific NRF2-deficient mice, were treated with chemicals that impose oxidative stress or impact heme metabolism. In addition, NRF2 and HO1 expression in ARPE19 cells was knocked down by siRNA. TJ integrity was examined by anti–zonula occludens-1 staining of cultured cells or flatmount RPE tissues from mice. RPE barrier functions were evaluated by transepithelium electrical resistance in ARPE19 cells and immunofluorescence staining for albumin or dextran in eye histological sections. Results TJ structures and RPE barrier functions were compromised due to oxidant exposure and NRF2 deficiency but were rescued by HO1 inducer. Furthermore, treatment with HO1 inhibitor or heme precursor is destructive to TJ structures and RPE barrier properties. Interestingly, both NRF2 and HO1 were upregulated under oxidative stress, probably as an adaptive response to mitigate oxidant-inflicted damages. Conclusions Our data indicate that the NRF2–HO1 axis protects TJ integrity and RPE barrier functions by driving heme degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Jiang
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States
| | - Li-Juan Duan
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States
| | - Jingbo Pi
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yun-Zheng Le
- Departments of Medicine, Cell Biology, and Ophthalmology and Harold Hamm Oklahoma Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Guo-Hua Fong
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States
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Cai L, Arbab AS, Lee TJ, Sharma A, Thomas B, Igarashi K, Raju RP. BACH1-Hemoxygenase-1 axis regulates cellular energetics and survival following sepsis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:134-145. [PMID: 35691510 PMCID: PMC10507736 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex disease due to dysregulated host response to infection. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to metabolic dysregulation are among the hallmarks of sepsis. The transcription factor NRF2 (Nuclear Factor E2-related factor2) is a master regulator of the oxidative stress response, and the NRF2 mediated antioxidant response is negatively regulated by BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) protein. This study tested whether Bach1 deletion improves organ function and survival following polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We observed enhanced post-CLP survival in Bach1-/- mice with a concomitantly increased liver HO-1 expression, reduced liver injury and oxidative stress, and attenuated systemic and tissue inflammation. After sepsis induction, the liver mitochondrial function was better preserved in Bach1-/- mice. Furthermore, BACH1 deficiency improved liver and lung blood flow in septic mice, as measured by SPECT/CT. RNA-seq analysis identified 44 genes significantly altered in Bach1-/- mice after sepsis, including HMOX1 and several genes in lipid metabolism. Inhibiting HO-1 activity by Zinc Protoporphyrin-9 worsened organ function in Bach1-/- mice following sepsis. We demonstrate that mitochondrial bioenergetics, organ function, and survival following experimental sepsis were improved in Bach1-/- mice through the HO-1-dependent mechanism and conclude that BACH1 is a therapeutic target in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Drug Discovery, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Raghavan Pillai Raju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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SARS-CoV-2 virus NSP14 Impairs NRF2/HMOX1 activation by targeting Sirtuin 1. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:872-882. [PMID: 35732914 PMCID: PMC9217730 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic are due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-related respiratory failure. Cytokine storms and oxidative stress are the major players in ARDS development during respiratory virus infections. However, it is still unknown how oxidative stress is regulated by viral and host factors in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we found that activation of NRF2/HMOX1 significantly suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication in multiple cell types by producing the metabolite biliverdin, whereas SARS-CoV-2 impaired the NRF2/HMOX1 axis through the action of the nonstructural viral protein NSP14. Mechanistically, NSP14 interacts with the catalytic domain of the NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and inhibits its ability to activate the NRF2/HMOX1 pathway. Furthermore, both genetic and pharmaceutical evidence corroborated the novel antiviral activity of SIRT1 against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 dysregulates the host antioxidant defense system and emphasize the vital role played by the SIRT1/NRF2 axis in host defense against SARS-CoV-2.
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Funasaki S, Mehanna S, Ma W, Nishizawa H, Kamikubo Y, Sugiyama H, Ikeda S, Motoshima T, Hasumi H, Linehan WM, Schmidt LS, Ricketts C, Suda T, Oike Y, Kamba T, Baba M. Targeting chemoresistance in Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma using a novel polyamide-chlorambucil conjugate. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2352-2367. [PMID: 35396773 PMCID: PMC9277412 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma with Xp11.2 translocation involving the TFE3 gene (TFE3-RCC) is a recently identified subset of RCC with unique morphology and clinical presentation. The chimeric PRCC-TFE3 protein produced by Xp11.2 translocation has been shown to transcriptionally activate its downstream target genes that play important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor development of TFE3-RCC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that in TFE3-RCC cells, PRCC-TFE3 controls heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression to confer chemoresistance. Inhibition of HMOX1 sensitized the PRCC-TFE3 expressing cells to genotoxic reagents. We screened for a novel chlorambucil-polyamide conjugate (Chb) to target PRCC-TFE3-dependent transcription, and identified Chb16 as a PRCC-TFE3-dependent transcriptional inhibitor of HMOX1 expression. Treatment of the patient-derived cancer cells with Chb16 exhibited senescence and growth arrest, and increased sensitivity of the TFE3-RCC cells to the genotoxic reagent etoposide. Thus, our data showed that the TFE3-RCC cells acquired chemoresistance through HMOX1 expression and that inhibition of HMOX1 by Chb16 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for TFE3-RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Funasaki
- Laboratory of Cancer MetabolismInternational Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS)Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Sally Mehanna
- Laboratory of Cancer MetabolismInternational Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS)Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Laboratory of Cancer MetabolismInternational Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS)Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Hidekazu Nishizawa
- Laboratory of Cancer MetabolismInternational Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS)Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
- Department of UrologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Shuji Ikeda
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Takanobu Motoshima
- Department of UrologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Hisashi Hasumi
- Department of UrologyGraduate School of MedicineYokohama City UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - W. Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology BranchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Laura S. Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology BranchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Basic Science ProgramFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMarylandUSA
| | - Chris Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology BranchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Toshio Suda
- Laboratory of Stem Cell RegulationInternational Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS)Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeCentre for Translational MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular GeneticsGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of UrologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Masaya Baba
- Laboratory of Cancer MetabolismInternational Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS)Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
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Hong K, Muralimanoharan S, Kwak YT, Mendelson CR. NRF2 Serves a Critical Role in Regulation of Immune Checkpoint Proteins (ICPs) During Trophoblast Differentiation. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqac070. [PMID: 35596653 PMCID: PMC9197021 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Using cultured human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs), mid-gestation human trophoblasts in primary culture, and gene-targeted mice, we tested the hypothesis that the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (SynT) serves a critical role in pregnancy maintenance through production of key immune modulators/checkpoint proteins (ICPs) under control of the O2-regulated transcription factor, NRF2/NFE2L2. These ICPs potentially act at the maternal-fetal interface to protect the hemiallogeneic fetus from rejection by the maternal immune system. Using cultured hTSCs, we observed that several ICPs involved in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance were markedly upregulated during differentiation of cytotrophoblasts (CytTs) to SynT. These included HMOX1, kynurenine receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, PD-L1, and GDF15. Intriguingly, NRF2, C/EBPβ, and PPARγ were markedly induced when CytTs fused to form SynT in a 20% O2 environment. Notably, when hTSCs were cultured in a hypoxic (2% O2) environment, SynT fusion and the differentiation-associated induction of NRF2, C/EBPβ, aromatase (CYP19A1; SynT differentiation marker), and ICPs were blocked. NRF2 knockdown also prevented induction of aromatase, C/EBPβ and the previously mentioned ICPs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR revealed that temporal induction of the ICPs in hTSCs and mid-gestation human trophoblasts cultured in 20% O2 was associated with increased binding of endogenous NRF2 to putative response elements within their promoters. Moreover, placentas of 12.5 days postcoitum mice with a global Nrf2 knockout manifested decreased mRNA expression of C/ebpβ, Pparγ, Hmox1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and Nqo1, another direct downstream target of Nrf2, compared with wild-type mice. Collectively, these compelling findings suggest that O2-regulated NRF2 serves as a key regulator of ICP expression during SynT differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | | | - Youn-Tae Kwak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Carole R Mendelson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9032, USA
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8511, USA
- North Texas March of Dimes Birth Defects Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
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Bayo Jimenez MT, Frenis K, Hahad O, Steven S, Cohen G, Cuadrado A, Münzel T, Daiber A. Protective actions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and downstream pathways against environmental stressors. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 187:72-91. [PMID: 35613665 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental risk factors, including noise, air pollution, chemical agents, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and mental stress have a considerable impact on human health. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key players in molecular pathomechanisms of environmental pollution and risk factors. In this review, we delineate the impact of environmental risk factors and the protective actions of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in connection to oxidative stress and inflammation. We focus on well-established studies that demonstrate the protective actions of NRF2 and its downstream pathways against different environmental stressors. State-of-the-art mechanistic considerations on NRF2 signaling are discussed in detail, e.g. classical concepts like KEAP1 oxidation/electrophilic modification, NRF2 ubiquitination and degradation. Specific focus is also laid on NRF2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 induction with detailed presentation of the protective down-stream pathways of heme oxygenase-1, including interaction with BACH1 system. The significant impact of all environmental stressors on the circadian rhythm and the interactions of NRF2 with the circadian clock will also be considered here. A broad range of NRF2 activators is discussed in relation to environmental stressor-induced health side effects, thereby suggesting promising new mitigation strategies (e.g. by nutraceuticals) to fight the negative effects of the environment on our health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Bayo Jimenez
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat, 8855630, Israel
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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Liu S, Pi J, Zhang Q. Signal amplification in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE antioxidant response pathway. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102389. [PMID: 35792437 PMCID: PMC9287733 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling pathway plays a central role in mediating the adaptive cellular stress response to oxidative and electrophilic chemicals. This canonical pathway has been extensively studied and reviewed in the past two decades, but rarely was it looked at from a quantitative signaling perspective. Signal amplification, i.e., ultrasensitivity, is crucially important for robust induction of antioxidant genes to appropriate levels that can adequately counteract the stresses. In this review article, we examined a number of well-known molecular events in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE pathway from a quantitative perspective with a focus on how signal amplification can be achieved. We illustrated, by using a series of mathematical models, that redox-regulated protein sequestration, stabilization, translation, nuclear trafficking, DNA promoter binding, and transcriptional induction - which are embedded in the molecular network comprising KEAP1, NRF2, sMaf, p62, and BACH1 - may generate highly ultrasensitive NRF2 activation and antioxidant gene induction. The emergence and degree of ultrasensitivity depend on the strengths of protein-protein and protein-DNA interaction and protein abundances. A unique, quantitative understanding of signal amplification in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE pathway will help to identify sensitive targets for the prevention and therapeutics of oxidative stress-related diseases and develop quantitative adverse outcome pathway models to facilitate the health risk assessment of oxidative chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Wu YH, Hsieh HL. Roles of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Neuroinflammation and Brain Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050923. [PMID: 35624787 PMCID: PMC9137505 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system is believed to be a crucial mechanism for the nervous system under stress conditions. HO degrades heme to carbon monoxide, iron, and biliverdin. These heme degradation products are involved in modulating cellular redox homeostasis. The first identified isoform of the HO system, HO-1, is an inducible protein that is highly expressed in peripheral organs and barely detectable in the brain under normal conditions, whereas HO-2 is a constitutive protein that is highly expressed in the brain. Several lines of evidence indicate that HO-1 dysregulation is associated with brain inflammation and neurodegeneration, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. In this review, we summarize the essential roles that the HO system plays in ensuring brain health and the molecular mechanism through which HO-1 dysfunction leads to neurodegenerative diseases and disruption of nervous system homeostasis. We also provide a summary of the herbal medicines involved in the regulation of HO-1 expression and explore the current situation regarding herbal remedies and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-211-8999 (ext. 5421)
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Casares L, Moreno R, Ali KX, Higgins M, Dayalan Naidu S, Neill G, Cassin L, Kiib AE, Svenningsen EB, Minassi A, Honda T, Poulsen TB, Wiel C, Sayin VI, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Olagnier D, de la Vega L. The synthetic triterpenoids CDDO-TFEA and CDDO-Me, but not CDDO, promote nuclear exclusion of BACH1 impairing its activity. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102291. [PMID: 35313207 PMCID: PMC8938334 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor BACH1 is a potential therapeutic target for a variety of chronic conditions linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as cancer metastasis. However, only a few BACH1 degraders/inhibitors have been described. BACH1 is a transcriptional repressor of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), which is positively regulated by transcription factor NRF2 and is highly inducible by derivatives of the synthetic oleanane triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO). Most of the therapeutic activities of these compounds are due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which are widely attributed to their ability to activate NRF2. However, with such a broad range of action, these compounds have other molecular targets that have not been fully identified and could also be of importance for their therapeutic profile. Herein we identified BACH1 as a target of two CDDO-derivatives (CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA), but not of CDDO. While both CDDO and CDDO-derivatives activate NRF2 similarly, only CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA inhibit BACH1, which explains the much higher potency of these CDDO-derivatives as HMOX1 inducers compared with unmodified CDDO. Notably, we demonstrate that CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA inhibit BACH1 via a novel mechanism that reduces BACH1 nuclear levels while accumulating its cytoplasmic form. In an in vitro model, both CDDO-derivatives impaired lung cancer cell invasion in a BACH1-dependent and NRF2-independent manner, while CDDO was inactive. Altogether, our study identifies CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA as dual KEAP1/BACH1 inhibitors, providing a rationale for further therapeutic uses of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Casares
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Rita Moreno
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Kevin X Ali
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maureen Higgins
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Sharadha Dayalan Naidu
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Graham Neill
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Lena Cassin
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | | | | | - Alberto Minassi
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | | | - Clotilde Wiel
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK.
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Li J, Baker J, Higham A, Shah R, Montero-Fernandez A, Murray C, Cooper N, Lucas C, Fox C, Singh D, Lea S. COPD lung studies of Nrf2 expression and the effects of Nrf2 activators. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1431-1443. [PMID: 35441963 PMCID: PMC9293829 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nrf2 regulates cellular antioxidant defence in lung cells, including epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages (AM). The Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway can be modulated by activators with different modes of action; electrophilic compounds and protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors. We assessed Nrf2 and Keap-1 protein and gene levels in COPD compared to controls and the effect of Nrf2 activators on COPD AM. METHODS Lung resected tissue from non-smokers, smokers and COPD patients were analysed for epithelial and AM expression of Nrf2 and Keap-1 by imunoshistochemistry and by qPCR in isolated AM. AM were cultured with Nrf2 activators CDDO, C4X_6665, GSK7, MMF and Sulforaphane. Expression of Nrf2 target genes NQO1, HMOX1 SOD1 and TXNRD1 and NQO1 activity were assessed. RESULTS Nrf2 and Keap-1 expression was not altered in the epithelium or AM of COPD patients compared to controls. NQO1 activity was downregulated, while NQO1, HMOX1, SOD1 and TXNRD1 gene expression increased in COPD patients. All Nrf2 activators increased NQO1 activity, and NQO1, HMOX1, SOD1 and TXNRD1 expression in AMs from both COPD and smokers. The potency of C4X_6665 on NQO1 activity and regulation of Nrf2 target gene expression was higher than other compounds. CONCLUSION There is evidence of dysregulation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway in AM from COPD patients. The higher potency of the novel PPI Nrf2 compound C4X_6665 for inducing antioxidant activity and gene expression compared to electrophilic and other PPI Nrf2 activators highlights the therapeutic potential of this compound to address Nrf2 pathway dysregulation in COPD AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - James Baker
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Higham
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Rajesh Shah
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dave Singh
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, The Langley Building, Southmoor Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon Lea
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. .,2nd Floor Office Education and Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK.
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Rocha JD, Gallon ME, de Melo Bisneto AV, Santana Amaral VC, de Almeida LM, Borges LL, Chen-Chen L, Gobbo-Neto L, Bailão EFLC. Phytochemical Composition and Protective Effect of Vernonanthura polyanthes Leaf against In Vivo Doxorubicin-Mediated Toxicity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082553. [PMID: 35458751 PMCID: PMC9032716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vernonanthura polyanthes (Spreng.) A.J. Vega & Dematt. (syn.: Vernonia polyanthes Less) is popularly known as “assa-peixe” and its leaves are used in folk medicine mainly to treat respiratory diseases. In this study, we evaluated the cytogenotoxic and anticytogenotoxic potential of the V. polyanthes leaf aqueous extract (VpLAE) and its n-butanol fraction (n-BF) in the presence or absence of doxorubicin (DXR) (pre-, co-, and post-treatments) on a murine model for 24 h or 120 h. The micronucleus test (MN) and the comet assay were used to assess the cytogenotoxic and anticytogenotoxic potential of VpLAE and n-BF (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) administered via gavage to Swiss Webster mice. The chemical profiles of VpLAE and n-BF were assessed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and their metabolites were putatively identified. Lastly, the possible biological activities related to the (anti) cytogenotoxicity of the compounds were predicted using the PASS online webserver. The in vivo results showed that different doses of VpLAE and n-BF did not present cytotoxic activity; however, the MN test revealed a slight mutagenic activity for the 24 h treatments. Moderate genotoxic effects were demonstrated for all treatments in the comet assay. Regarding anticytotoxicity and antimutagenicity, VpLAE and n-BF presented a high cytoprotective potential against DXR toxic effects. In the co-treatment, VpLAE reduced the DXR genotoxicity by ~27%, and n-BF did not demonstrate antigenotoxic potential. In contrast, an antigenotoxic effect was observed for both VpLAE and n-BF in the pre- and post-treatments, reducing DXR genotoxicity by ~41% and ~47%, respectively. Chemical analysis of VpLAE and n-BF showed the presence of eight phenolic compounds, including seven chlorogenic acids and a flavonoid. The PASS online tool predicted antimutagenic, anticancer, antineoplastic, chemoprotective, antioxidant, and radical scavenging activities for all constituents identified in VpLAE and n-BF. V. polyanthes leaves presented a protective effect against DXR cytogenotoxicity. In general, VpLAE and n-BF showed a greater antigenotoxic potential in the pre- and post-treatments. The metabolites putatively identified in VpLAE and n-BF exhibited antioxidant and chemoprotective potential according to computational prediction analysis. Altogether, our results highlight the potential application of V. polyanthes to protect against toxic manifestations induced by DXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamira Dias Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Campus Central, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis 75132-903, GO, Brazil; (J.D.R.); (V.C.S.A.); (L.M.d.A.); (L.L.B.)
| | - Marilia Elias Gallon
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (M.E.G.); (L.G.-N.)
| | - Abel Vieira de Melo Bisneto
- Laboratório de Radiobiologia e Mutagênese, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74045-155, GO, Brazil; (A.V.d.M.B.); (L.C.-C.)
| | - Vanessa Cristiane Santana Amaral
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Campus Central, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis 75132-903, GO, Brazil; (J.D.R.); (V.C.S.A.); (L.M.d.A.); (L.L.B.)
| | - Luciane Madureira de Almeida
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Campus Central, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis 75132-903, GO, Brazil; (J.D.R.); (V.C.S.A.); (L.M.d.A.); (L.L.B.)
| | - Leonardo Luiz Borges
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Campus Central, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis 75132-903, GO, Brazil; (J.D.R.); (V.C.S.A.); (L.M.d.A.); (L.L.B.)
- Escola de Ciências Médicas e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-010, GO, Brazil
| | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratório de Radiobiologia e Mutagênese, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74045-155, GO, Brazil; (A.V.d.M.B.); (L.C.-C.)
| | - Leonardo Gobbo-Neto
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (M.E.G.); (L.G.-N.)
| | - Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Campus Central, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis 75132-903, GO, Brazil; (J.D.R.); (V.C.S.A.); (L.M.d.A.); (L.L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(62)-3328-1151
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Inhibiting BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (Bach1) as an alternative to increase Nrf2 activation in chronic diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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