1
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Zeng Y, He X, Peng X, Zhao L, Yin C, Mao S. Combined Nutrition with Exercise: Fueling the Fight Against Sarcopenia Through a Bibliometric Analysis and Review. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1861-1876. [PMID: 38715745 PMCID: PMC11075762 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s462594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This bibliometric analysis and review aimed to examine the current research status and trends in the combination of nutrition and exercise training for sarcopenia. Additionally, it sought to provide researchers with future research directions in this field. Methods Relevant publications were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, covering the period from January 1995 to October 2023. The collected publications were analyzed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and Review Manager. Results Out of the 2528 retrieved publications, the United States emerged as the leading contributor in terms of publication volume. The University of Texas System was identified as the most productive institution. Luc J C van Loon emerged as the most published author in this field. Analysis of keywords revealed recent hot topics and emerging areas of interest, such as "gut microbiota" and "mechanisms". Upon further evaluation, resistance training (RT) and protein supplementation were identified as the most commonly employed and effective methods. Conclusion RT and protein supplementation are widely recognized as effective strategies. Future research should focus on investigating the molecular aspects of sarcopenia. Moreover, the potential therapeutic role of gut microbiota in sarcopenia requires further comprehensive investigation in human subjects to establish its correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingfei He
- Wuxi Huishan District Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinchun Peng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengqian Yin
- Department of Interventional Center of Valvular Heart Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Mao
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Gan W, Jiang W. The biological characteristics of chicken embryo mesenchymal stem cells isolated from chorioallantoic membrane. Genesis 2024; 62:e23592. [PMID: 38587195 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from fetal membranes (FMs) have the potential to exhibit immunosuppression, improve blood flow, and increase capillary density during transplantation. In the field of medicine, opening up new avenues for disease treatment. Chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), as an important component of avian species FM structure, has become a stable tissue engineering material in vivo angiogenesis, drug delivery, and toxicology studies. Although it has been confirmed that chorionic mesenchymal stem cells (Ch-MSCs) can be isolated from the outer chorionic layer of FM, little is known about the biological characteristics of MSCs derived from chorionic mesodermal matrix of chicken embryos. Therefore, we evaluated the characteristics of MSCs isolated from chorionic tissues of chicken embryos, including cell proliferation ability, stem cell surface antigen, genetic stability, and in vitro differentiation potential. Ch-MSCs exhibited a broad spindle shaped appearance and could stably maintain diploid karyotype proliferation to passage 15 in vitro. Spindle cells were positive for multifunctional markers of MSCs (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166, OCT4, and NANOG), while hematopoietic cell surface marker CD34, panleukocyte marker CD45, and epithelial cell marker CK19 were negative. In addition, chicken Ch-MSC was induced to differentiate into four types of mesodermal cells in vitro, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and myoblasts. Therefore, the differentiation potential of chicken Ch-MSC in vitro may have great potential in tissue engineering. In conclusion, chicken Ch-MSCs may be an excellent model cell for stem cell regenerative medicine and chorionic tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Guangdong Yunfu Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Yunfu, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yunan Wang
- Health Committee of Huanggang, Huanggang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weijun Gan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Health Committee of Huanggang, Huanggang, Hubei Province, China
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3
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Tan TW, Tan HL, Hsu MF, Huang HL, Chung YC. Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on the prevention of sarcopenia in menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:606. [PMID: 37964288 PMCID: PMC10647115 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a chronic disease marked by gradual muscle system and functional decline. Prior research indicates its prevalence in those under 60 varies from 8 to 36%. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for sarcopenia prevention in menopausal women aged 40-60. This study examines the influence of such interventions for sarcopenia prevention on these women. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PEDro, and Airiti Library were searched from inception until May 5, 2023. Randomized controlled trials that examined exercise, vitamin D and protein supplementation effects on muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Quality assessment used the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and analysis employed Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0. RESULTS A total of 27 randomized controlled trials, involving 1,989 participants were identified. Meta-analysis results showed exercise improved lean body mass (SMD = 0.232, 95% CI: 0.097, 0.366), handgrip strength (SMD = 0.901, 95% CI: 0.362, 1.441), knee extension strength (SMD = 0.698, 95% CI: 0.384, 1.013). Resistance training had a small effect on lean body mass, longer exercise duration (> 12 weeks) and higher frequency (60-90 min, 3 sessions/week) showed small to moderate effects on lean body mass. Vitamin D supplementation improved handgrip strength (SMD = 0.303, 95% CI: 0.130, 0.476), but not knee extension strength. There was insufficient data to assess the impact of protein supplementation on muscle strength. CONCLUSIONS Exercise effectively improves muscle mass, and strength in menopausal women. Resistance training with 3 sessions per week, lasting 20-90 min for at least 6 weeks, is most effective. Vitamin D supplementation enhances small muscle group strength. Further trials are needed to assess the effects of vitamin D and protein supplementation on sarcopenia prevention. REGISTRATION NUMBER This review was registered on PROSPERO CRD42022329273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wan Tan
- Department of Nursing, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ling Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min-Fang Hsu
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Huang
- Department of Healthcare Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chu Chung
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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4
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Sun C, Swoboda CO, Petrany MJ, Parameswaran S, VonHandorf A, Weirauch MT, Lepper C, Millay DP. Lineage tracing of newly accrued nuclei in skeletal myofibers uncovers distinct transcripts and interplay between nuclear populations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554609. [PMID: 37662191 PMCID: PMC10473681 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Multinucleated skeletal muscle cells have an obligatory need to acquire additional nuclei through fusion with activated skeletal muscle stem cells when responding to both developmental and adaptive growth stimuli. A fundamental question in skeletal muscle biology has been the reason underlying this need for new nuclei in syncytial cells that already harbor hundreds of nuclei. To begin to answer this long-standing question, we utilized nuclear RNA-sequencing approaches and developed a lineage tracing strategy capable of defining the transcriptional state of recently fused nuclei and distinguishing this state from that of pre-existing nuclei. Our findings reveal the presence of conserved markers of newly fused nuclei both during development and after a hypertrophic stimulus in the adult. However, newly fused nuclei also exhibit divergent gene expression that is determined by the myogenic environment to which they fuse. Moreover, accrual of new nuclei through fusion is required for nuclei already resident in adult myofibers to mount a normal transcriptional response to a load-inducing stimulus. We propose a model of mutual regulation in the control of skeletal muscle development and adaptations, where newly fused and pre-existing myonuclear populations influence each other to maintain optimal functional growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Sun
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Casey O. Swoboda
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael J. Petrany
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sreeja Parameswaran
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew VonHandorf
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T. Weirauch
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christoph Lepper
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Douglas P. Millay
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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5
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Russo E, Corrao S, Di Gaudio F, Alberti G, Caprnda M, Kubatka P, Kruzliak P, Miceli V, Conaldi PG, Borlongan CV, La Rocca G. Facing the Challenges in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: From Standard Treatments to the Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a New Therapeutic Strategy. Cells 2023; 12:1664. [PMID: 37371134 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which counts more than 650 million cases and more than 6.6 million of deaths worldwide, affects the respiratory system with typical symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and fatigue. Other nonpulmonary manifestations are related with abnormal inflammatory response, the "cytokine storm", that could lead to a multiorgan disease and to death. Evolution of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 provided multiple options to prevent the infection, but the treatment of the severe forms remains difficult to manage. The cytokine storm is usually counteracted with standard medical care and anti-inflammatory drugs, but researchers moved forward their studies on new strategies based on cell therapy approaches. The perinatal tissues, such as placental membranes, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord derivatives, are enriched in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that exert a well-known anti-inflammatory role, immune response modulation, and tissue repair. In this review, we focused on umbilical-cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) used in in vitro and in vivo studies in order to evaluate the weakening of the severe symptoms, and on recent clinical trials from different databases, supporting the favorable potential of UC-MSCs as therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Russo
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Corrao
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per per i Trapianti e Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giusi Alberti
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, 81499 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03649 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Research and Development Services, Pradlacka 18, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per per i Trapianti e Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per per i Trapianti e Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesario Venturina Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Giampiero La Rocca
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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6
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Kranjc Brezar S, Medved A, Matkovic U, Sersa G, Markelc B, Bozic T, Jurdana M, Cemazar M. Effect of electrochemotherapy on myogenesis of mouse C2C12 cells in vitro. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 153:108487. [PMID: 37354641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative therapy for the treatment of different skin and subcutaneous tumors and certain tumors in internal organs. Skeletal muscle represents a major tumor- surrounding tissue, exposed to side effects of ECT. At the cellular level, side-effects of ECT on skeletal muscle and underlying mechanisms have not been examined yet. Thus, we aimed to determine the effect of ECT in the mouse muscle cell line C2C12 during in vitro myogenesis. We evaluated the electroporation efficiency and viability of C2C12 myotubes at increasing voltages (200-1300 V/cm) using propidium iodide (PI). Permeabilization of PI into the cells was voltage-dependent accounting up to 97 % efficiency at the highest voltage. High cell viability and myotube integrity were maintained until 4 days after electroporation. ECT with the cytostatic drugs bleomycin and cisplatin decreased the viability of C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes in a dose-dependent manner. However, myoblasts were more sensitive to ECT than myotubes. Increased secretion of IL-6, observed 3 days after ECT, confirming its effects on early myogenesis. Only minor effects of ECT were observed in treated myotubes. These results contribute to the safety profile of ECT in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ajda Medved
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urska Matkovic
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Sersa
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bostjan Markelc
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tim Bozic
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mihaela Jurdana
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Polje 42, Izola, Slovenia.
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Polje 42, Izola, Slovenia.
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7
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Wu J, Chen B, Mao Y, Li S, Zhao W, Meng D, Hu S, Wang J, Yu P, Zhang C, Wu J. Chinese expert consensus on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment (2022). Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:25-34. [PMID: 36911093 PMCID: PMC10000255 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults are at high risk for functional impairment, which is closely related to sarcopenia, falls, and frailty. This seriously affects their quality of life and health, and places a heavy burden on society and families. Although domestic and foreign sports recommendations and prevention and control guidelines/expert consensus have been issued for healthy older adults and functional impairment-related diseases, there is no guidance on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment. In China, there is insufficient understanding of the importance of prevention and control interventions for functional impairment in older adults, and there are many drawbacks, such as unstandardized diagnosis and treatment, and relatively simple intervention methods. Therefore, the consensus expert group formulated a consensus based on domestic and foreign guidelines related to functional impairment in older adults to provide guidance for Chinese medical professionals working in the field of geriatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Yongjun Mao
- Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Dianhuai Meng
- Rehabilitation Medical Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Jianye Wang
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Pulin Yu
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu China
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8
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Fisher LAB, Schöck F. The unexpected versatility of ALP/Enigma family proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:963608. [PMID: 36531944 PMCID: PMC9751615 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.963608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most intriguing features of multicellular animals is their ability to move. On a cellular level, this is accomplished by the rearrangement and reorganization of the cytoskeleton, a dynamic network of filamentous proteins which provides stability and structure in a stationary context, but also facilitates directed movement by contracting. The ALP/Enigma family proteins are a diverse group of docking proteins found in numerous cellular milieus and facilitate these processes among others. In vertebrates, they are characterized by having a PDZ domain in combination with one or three LIM domains. The family is comprised of CLP-36 (PDLIM1), Mystique (PDLIM2), ALP (PDLIM3), RIL (PDLIM4), ENH (PDLIM5), ZASP (PDLIM6), and Enigma (PDLIM7). In this review, we will outline the evolution and function of their protein domains which confers their versatility. Additionally, we highlight their role in different cellular environments, focusing specifically on recent advances in muscle research using Drosophila as a model organism. Finally, we show the relevance of this protein family to human myopathies and the development of muscle-related diseases.
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9
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Jo YW, Park I, Yoo K, Woo HY, Kim YL, Kim YE, Kim JH, Kong YY. Notch1 and Notch2 Signaling Exclusively but Cooperatively Maintain Fetal Myogenic Progenitors. Stem Cells 2022; 40:1031-1042. [PMID: 35922037 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Myogenic progenitors (MPs) generate myocytes that fuse to form myofibers during skeletal muscle development while maintaining the progenitor pool, which is crucial for generating sufficient muscle. Notch signaling has been known to reserve a population of embryonic MPs during primary myogenesis by promoting cell cycle exit and suppressing premature differentiation. However, the roles of individual Notch receptors (Notch1-4) during embryonic/fetal myogenesis are still elusive. In this study, we found that Notch1 and Notch2, which exhibit the highest structural similarity among Notch receptors, maintain the MP population by distinct mechanisms: Notch1 induces cell cycle exit and Notch2 suppresses premature differentiation. Moreover, genetic and cell culture studies showed that Notch1 and Notch2 signaling in MPs are distinctively activated by interacting with Notch ligand-expressing myofibers and MP-lineage cells, respectively. These results suggest that through different activation modes, Notch1 and Notch2 distinctively and cooperatively maintain MP population during fetal myogenesis for proper muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Woo Jo
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkuk Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusang Yoo
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Woo
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Lynne Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea-Eun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Yun Kong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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10
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Soulez M, Tanguay PL, Dô F, Dort J, Crist C, Kotlyarov A, Gaestel M, Ferron M, Dumont NA, Meloche S. ERK3-MK5 signaling regulates myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration by promoting FoxO3 degradation. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2271-2287. [PMID: 35141958 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions and downstream effectors of the atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) remain to be characterized. We recently reported that mice expressing catalytically-inactive ERK3 (Mapk6KD/KD ) exhibit a reduced postnatal growth rate as compared to control mice. Here, we show that genetic inactivation of ERK3 impairs postnatal skeletal muscle growth and adult muscle regeneration after injury. Loss of MAPK-activated protein kinase 5 (MK5) phenocopies the muscle phenotypes of Mapk6KD/KD mice. At the cellular level, genetic or pharmacological inactivation of ERK3 or MK5 induces precocious differentiation of C2C12 or primary myoblasts, concomitant with MyoD activation. Reciprocally, ectopic expression of activated MK5 inhibits myogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, we show that MK5 directly phosphorylates FoxO3, promoting its degradation and reducing its association with MyoD. Depletion of FoxO3 rescues in part the premature differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts observed upon inactivation of ERK3 or MK5. Our findings reveal that ERK3 and its substrate MK5 act in a linear signaling pathway to control postnatal myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Soulez
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Tanguay
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals Canada, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Florence Dô
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Junio Dort
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Rehabilitation, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Colin Crist
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexey Kotlyarov
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Dumont
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Rehabilitation, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Elashry MI, Kinde M, Klymiuk MC, Eldaey A, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. The effect of hypoxia on myogenic differentiation and multipotency of the skeletal muscle-derived stem cells in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:56. [PMID: 35123554 PMCID: PMC8817503 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Skeletal muscle-derived stem cells (SC) have become a promising approach for investigating myogenic differentiation and optimizing tissue regeneration. Muscle regeneration is performed by SC, a self-renewal cell population underlying the basal lamina of muscle fibers. Here, we examined the impact of hypoxia condition on the regenerative capacity of SC either in their native microenvironment or via isolation in a monolayer culture using ectopic differentiation inductions. Furthermore, the effect of low oxygen tension on myogenic differentiation protocols of the myoblasts cell line C2C12 was examined.
Methods
Hind limb muscles of wild type mice were processed for both SC/fiber isolation and myoblast extraction using magnetic beads. SC were induced for myogenic, adipogenic and osteogenic commitments under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (3% O2) conditions. SC proliferation and differentiation were evaluated using histological staining, immunohistochemistry, morphometric analysis and RT-qPCR. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA.
Results
The data revealed enhanced SC proliferation and motility following differentiation induction after 48 h under hypoxia. Following myogenic induction, the number of undifferentiated cells positive for Pax7 were increased at 72 h under hypoxia. Hypoxia upregulated MyoD and downregulated Myogenin expression at day-7 post-myogenic induction. Hypoxia promoted both SC adipogenesis and osteogenesis under respective induction as shown by using Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S staining. The expression of adipogenic markers; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) were upregulated under hypoxia up to day 14 compared to normoxic condition. Enhanced osteogenic differentiation was detected under hypoxic condition via upregulation of osteocalcin and osteopontin expression up to day 14 as well as, increased calcium deposition at day 21. Hypoxia exposure increases the number of adipocytes and the size of fat vacuoles per adipocyte compared to normoxic culture. Combining the differentiation medium with dexamethasone under hypoxia improves the efficiency of the myogenic differentiation protocol of C2C12 by increasing the length of the myotubes.
Conclusions
Hypoxia exposure increases cell resources for clinical applications and promotes SC multipotency and thus beneficial for tissue regeneration.
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12
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Ferdous A, Singh S, Luo Y, Abedin MJ, Jiang N, Perry CE, Evers BM, Gillette TG, Kyba M, Trojanowska M, Hill JA. Fli1 Promotes Vascular Morphogenesis by Regulating Endothelial Potential of Multipotent Myogenic Progenitors. Circ Res 2021; 129:949-964. [PMID: 34544261 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwarul Ferdous
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Sarvjeet Singh
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Md J Abedin
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Nan Jiang
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Cameron E Perry
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Bret M Evers
- Pathology (B.M.E.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Thomas G Gillette
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Michael Kyba
- Department of Pediatrics (M.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.,Lillehei Heart Institute (M.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Section of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Boston University, MA (M.T.)
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Molecular Biology (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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13
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Liu Z, Huang S, Xu M, Zhang W, Guan T, Wang Q, Liu M, Yao J, Liu Y. The vascularization, innervation and myogenesis of early regenerated tail in Gekko japonicus. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:1189-1204. [PMID: 34676488 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many species of lizards are capable of tail regeneration. There has been increased interest in the study of lizard tail regeneration in recent years as it is an amenable regeneration model for amniotes. In this study, Gekko japonicus was used as a model to investigate the initiation of vascularization, innervation and myogenesis during tail regeneration. We found that angiogenesis and axon regeneration occurred almost simultaneously within 4 days post amputation. The results showed that the endothelial cells of the original vasculature proliferated and extended into the blastema as capillary vessels, which inter-connected to form a capillary network. The nerve fibers innervated the regenerated tissue from the original spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia, and the fiber bundles increased during 14 days. Regenerating muscle tissues emerged 2 weeks after amputation. PAX3 and PAX7 expression were detected during myogenesis, with PAX7 showing a continuous increase in expression from day 3 until the day 14, whereas PAX3 reached a peak level on day 10 day post amputation, and then declined quickly to level as normal control on day 14. PCNA and PAX3 double-positive satellite cells were observed in the original rostral tissues, indicating the involvement of satellite cell proliferation during tail regeneration. Taken together, these data suggest that tail regeneration in Gekko japonicus involved rapid angiogenesis from the beginning to the day 10 and followed by capillary remodeling. The innervation of regenerated tail was significant on day 4 and increased gradually during regeneration, while the regenerated muscle tissues was obvious on day 14 after amputation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Man Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenxue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tuchen Guan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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14
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Kim JW, Kim R, Choi H, Lee SJ, Bae GU. Understanding of sarcopenia: from definition to therapeutic strategies. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:876-889. [PMID: 34537916 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia refers to the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass and function along with aging and is a social burden due to growing healthcare cost associated with a super-aging society. Therefore, researchers have established guidelines and tests to diagnose sarcopenia. Several studies have been conducted actively to reveal the cause of sarcopenia and find an economic therapy to improve the quality of life in elderly individuals. Sarcopenia is caused by multiple factors such as reduced regenerative capacity, imbalance in protein turnover, alteration of fat and fibrotic composition in muscle, increased reactive oxygen species, dysfunction of mitochondria and increased inflammation. Based on these mechanisms, nonpharmacological and pharmacological strategies have been developed to prevent and treat sarcopenia. Although several studies are currently in progress, no treatment is available yet. This review presents the definition of sarcopenia and summarizes recent understanding on the detailed mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Won Kim
- Drug Information Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryuni Kim
- Drug Information Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Choi
- Drug Information Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- Research Institute of Aging-Related Disease, AniMusCure Inc., Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyu-Un Bae
- Drug Information Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Gupta R, Rao R, Johnston TR, Uong J, Yang DS, Lee TQ. Muscle stem cells and rotator cuff injury. JSES REVIEWS, REPORTS, AND TECHNIQUES 2021; 1:186-193. [PMID: 37588948 PMCID: PMC10426486 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of reinjury after treatment of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) remains very high despite the variety of nonoperative treatments and the high volume of surgical interventions performed. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs), also known as satellite cells, have risen to the forefront of rotator cuff tear research as a potential adjuvant therapy to aid unsatisfactory surgical outcomes. MuSCs are adult stem cells exhibiting the capacity to proliferate and self-renew, both symmetrically and asymmetrically. As part of this niche, they have been shown to adopt an activated phenotype in response to musculoskeletal injury and decrease their cellular populations during aging, implicating them as key players in both pathologic and normal physiological processes. While commonly connected to the regenerative phase of muscle healing, MuSCs also have the potential to differentiate into adverse morphologies. For instance, if MuSCs differentiate into adipocytes, the ensuing fatty infiltration serves as an obstacle to proper muscle healing and has been associated with the failure of surgical management of RCTs. With the potential to both harm and heal, we have identified MuSCs as a key player in RCT repair. To better understand this dichotomy, the following review will identify key studies regarding the morphology, function, and behavior of MuSCs with respect to RCTs and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rohan Rao
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tyler R. Johnston
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Uong
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S. Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Thay Q. Lee
- Congress Medical Foundation, Pasadena, CA, USA
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16
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Gutiérrez J, Gonzalez D, Escalona-Rivano R, Takahashi C, Brandan E. Reduced RECK levels accelerate skeletal muscle differentiation, improve muscle regeneration, and decrease fibrosis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21503. [PMID: 33811686 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001646rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The muscle regeneration process requires a properly assembled extracellular matrix (ECM). Its homeostasis depends on the activity of different matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs). The reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) is a membrane-anchored protein that negatively regulates the activity of different MMPs. However, the role of RECK in the process of skeletal muscle differentiation, regeneration, and fibrosis has not been elucidated. Here, we show that during skeletal muscle differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts and in satellite cells on isolated muscle fibers, RECK is transiently up regulated. C2C12 myoblasts with reduced RECK levels are more prone to enter the differentiation program, showing an accelerated differentiation process. Notch-1 signaling was reduced, while p38 and AKT signaling were augmented in myoblasts with decreased RECK levels. Overexpression of RECK restores the normal differentiation process but diminished the ability to form myotubes. Transient up-regulation of RECK occurs during skeletal muscle regeneration, which was accelerated in RECK-deficient mice (Reck±). RECK, MMPs and ECM proteins augmented in chronically damaged WT muscle, a model of muscle fibrosis. In this model, RECK ± mice showed diminished fibrosis compared to WT. These results strongly suggest that RECK is acting as a potential myogenic repressor during muscle formation and regeneration, emerging as a new player in these processes, and as a potential target to treat individuals with the muscle-wasting disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Gutiérrez
- Cellular Signaling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Regeneración y Envejecimiento (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Gonzalez
- Centro de Regeneración y Envejecimiento (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Escalona-Rivano
- Cellular Signaling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer and Stem Cell Research Program, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Centro de Regeneración y Envejecimiento (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Rosa I, Marini M, Manetti M. Telocytes: An Emerging Component of Stem Cell Niche Microenvironment. J Histochem Cytochem 2021; 69:795-818. [PMID: 34165348 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211025489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) are newly identified interstitial cells characterized by thin and long cytoplasmic processes, called telopodes, which exhibit a distinctive moniliform shape and, often, a sinuous trajectory. Telopodes typically organize in intricate networks within the stromal space of most organs, where they communicate with neighboring cells by means of specialized cell-to-cell junctions or shedding extracellular vesicles. Hence, TCs are generally regarded as supporting cells that help in the maintenance of local tissue homeostasis, with an ever-increasing number of studies trying to explore their functions both in physiological and pathological conditions. Notably, TCs appear to be part of stem cell (SC) niches in different organs, including the intestine, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, and skin. Indeed, growing evidence points toward a possible implication of TCs in the regulation of the activity of tissue-resident SCs and in shaping the SC niche microenvironment, thus contributing to tissue renewal and repair. Here, we review how the introduction of TCs into the scientific literature has deepened our knowledge of the stromal architecture focusing on the intestine and skeletal muscle, two organs in which the recently unveiled unique relationship between TCs and SCs is currently in the spotlight as potential target for tissue regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rosa
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirca Marini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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18
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Li JG, Cheng X, Huang YX, Liu YM, Li JT, Shi B. Wnt7a promotes muscle regeneration in branchiomeric orbicularis oris muscle. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 14:693-704. [PMID: 34239670 PMCID: PMC8255207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The orbicularis oris muscle exhibits a deficiency in cleft lip patients. Compared with the somite-derived limb muscles, the regeneration performance of the branchiomeric orofacial muscle has seldom been investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the possibility of augmenting the orbicularis oris muscle through the stimulus of Wnt7a. METHODS Adult rat orbicularis oris muscle and tibialis anterior muscle were injected with recombinant human Wnt7a protein. The muscles were harvested at different time points after Wnt7a delivery. Muscle regeneration-related activity, including cell proliferation, stem cell proportion, myofiber plasticity, and total fiber number, was examined. RESULTS Adult rat orbicularis oris muscle and tibialis anterior muscle exhibit similar regeneration-related activities after Wnt7a administration. Recombinant human Wnt7a administration resulted in enhanced cell proliferation, stem cell expansion, and fiber type remodelling in rat orbicularis oris muscle. In addition, newly formed myofibers were detected, contributing to an increased total fiber number. CONCLUSION Wnt7a induces vigorous regeneration in rat orbicularis oris muscle. This study helps lay a foundation for developing biotherapies to combat orofacial muscle deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Gui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yi-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ying-Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jing-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, PR China
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19
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Ray R, Sinha S, Aidinis V, Rai V. Atx regulates skeletal muscle regeneration via LPAR1 and promotes hypertrophy. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108809. [PMID: 33657371 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle differentiation is a multifaceted and tightly controlled process required for the formation of skeletal muscle fibers. Satellite cells are the direct cellular contributors to muscle repair in injuries or disorders. Here, we show that autotaxin (Atx) expression and activity is required for satellite cell differentiation. Conditional ablation of Atx or its pharmacological inhibition impairs muscle repair. Mechanistically, we identify LPAR1 as the key receptor in Atx-LPA signaling. Myogenic gene array and pathway analysis identified that Atx-LPA signaling activates ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K), an mTOR-dependent master regulator of muscle cell growth via LPAR1. Furthermore, Atx transgenic mice show muscle hypertrophic effects and accelerated regeneration. Intramuscular injections of Atx/LPA show muscle hypertrophy. In addition, the regulatory effects of Atx on differentiation are conserved in human myoblasts. This study identifies Atx as a critical master regulator in murine and human muscles, identifying a promising extracellular ligand in muscle formation, regeneration, and hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Ray
- Institute of Life Sciences (An Autonomous Institute of Department of Biotechnology), Bhubaneswar 751023, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sunita Sinha
- Institute of Life Sciences (An Autonomous Institute of Department of Biotechnology), Bhubaneswar 751023, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming," 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Vivek Rai
- Institute of Life Sciences (An Autonomous Institute of Department of Biotechnology), Bhubaneswar 751023, India.
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20
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Isolation and Characterization of Compounds from Glycyrrhiza uralensis as Therapeutic Agents for the Muscle Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020876. [PMID: 33467209 PMCID: PMC7830955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue and constitutes about 40% of total body mass. Herein, we report that crude water extract (CWE) of G. uralensis enhanced myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Pretreatment of mice with the CWE of G. uralensis prior to cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury was found to enhance muscle regeneration by inducing myogenic gene expression and downregulating myostatin expression. Furthermore, this extract reduced nitrotyrosine protein levels and atrophy-related gene expression. Of the five different fractions of the CWE of G. uralensis obtained, the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction more significantly enhanced myoblast proliferation and differentiation than the other fractions. Ten bioactive compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction and characterized by GC-MS and NMR. Of these compounds (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, liquiritigenin, (R)-(-)-vestitol, isoliquiritigenin, medicarpin, tetrahydroxymethoxychalcone, licochalcone B, liquiritin, liquiritinapioside, and ononin), liquiritigenin, tetrahydroxymethoxychalcone, and licochalcone B were found to enhance myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and myofiber diameters in injured muscles were wider with the liquiritigenin than the non-treated one. Computational analysis showed these compounds are non-toxic and possess good drug-likeness properties. These findings suggest that G. uralensis-extracted components might be useful therapeutic agents for the management of muscle-associated diseases.
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21
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Manickam R, Duszka K, Wahli W. PPARs and Microbiota in Skeletal Muscle Health and Wasting. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218056. [PMID: 33137899 PMCID: PMC7662636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a major metabolic organ that uses mostly glucose and lipids for energy production and has the capacity to remodel itself in response to exercise and fasting. Skeletal muscle wasting occurs in many diseases and during aging. Muscle wasting is often accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation associated to inter- and intra-muscular fat deposition. During aging, muscle wasting is advanced due to increased movement disorders, as a result of restricted physical exercise, frailty, and the pain associated with arthritis. Muscle atrophy is characterized by increased protein degradation, where the ubiquitin-proteasomal and autophagy-lysosomal pathways, atrogenes, and growth factor signaling all play an important role. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, which are activated by fatty acids and their derivatives. PPARs regulate genes that are involved in development, metabolism, inflammation, and many cellular processes in different organs. PPARs are also expressed in muscle and exert pleiotropic specialized responses upon activation by their ligands. There are three PPAR isotypes, viz., PPARα, -β/δ, and -γ. The expression of PPARα is high in tissues with effective fatty acid catabolism, including skeletal muscle. PPARβ/δ is expressed more ubiquitously and is the predominant isotype in skeletal muscle. It is involved in energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fiber-type switching. The expression of PPARγ is high in adipocytes, but it is also implicated in lipid deposition in muscle and other organs. Collectively, all three PPAR isotypes have a major impact on muscle homeostasis either directly or indirectly. Furthermore, reciprocal interactions have been found between PPARs and the gut microbiota along the gut–muscle axis in both health and disease. Herein, we review functions of PPARs in skeletal muscle and their interaction with the gut microbiota in the context of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Manickam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Kalina Duszka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Toxalim, INRAE, Chemin de Tournefeuille 180, F-31027 Toulouse, France
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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22
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Rajasekaran NS, Shelar SB, Jones DP, Hoidal JR. Reductive stress impairs myogenic differentiation. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101492. [PMID: 32361680 PMCID: PMC7199008 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myo-satellite cells regenerate and differentiate into skeletal muscle (SM) after acute or chronic injury. Changes in the redox milieu towards the oxidative arm at the wound site are known to compromise SM regeneration. Recently, we reported that abrogation of Nrf2/antioxidant signaling promotes oxidative stress and impairs SM regeneration in C57/Bl6 mice. Here, we investigated whether the activation of intracellular Nrf2 signaling favors antioxidant transcription and promotes myoblast differentiation. Satellite cell-like C2C12 myoblasts were treated with sulforaphane (SF; 1.0 & 5.0 μM) to activate Nrf2/antioxidant signaling during proliferation and differentiation (i.e. formation of myotubes/myofibers). SF-mediated Nrf2 activation resulted in increased expression of Nrf2-antioxidants (e.g. GCLC and G6PD) and augmented the production of reduced glutathione (GSH) leading to a reductive redox state. Surprisingly, this resulted in significant inhibition of myoblast differentiation, as observed from morphological changes and reduced expression of MyoD, Pax7, and Myh2, due to reductive stress (RS). Furthermore, supplementation of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or GSH-ester or genetic knock-down of Keap1 (using siRNA) also resulted in RS-driven inhibition of differentiation. Interestingly, withdrawing Nrf2 activation rescued differentiation potential and formation of myotubes/myofibers from C2C12 myoblasts. Thus, abrogation of physiological ROS signaling through over-activation of Nrf2 (i.e. RS) and developing RS hampers differentiation of muscle satellite cells. Sulforaphane activates Nrf2 and establishes reductive stress (RS) in C2C12 myoblasts. RS abolishes basal ROS and significantly impede the differentiation of myoblasts. Augmentation of glutathione using pharmacological agents (NAC and GSH-ester) promotes RS and impairs differentiation. Precluding RS restores the myoblast differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Sandeep Balu Shelar
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John R Hoidal
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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23
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Recovery of muscle mass and muscle oxidative phenotype following disuse does not require GSK-3 inactivation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165740. [PMID: 32087280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity contributes to muscle wasting and reductions in mitochondrial oxidative phenotype (OXPHEN), reducing physical performance and quality of life during aging and in chronic disease. Previously, it was shown that inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β stimulates muscle protein accretion, myogenesis, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, GSK-3β is inactivated during recovery of disuse-induced muscle atrophy. AIM Therefore, we hypothesize that GSK-3 inhibition is required for reloading-induced recovery of skeletal muscle mass and OXPHEN. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and whole-body constitutively active (C.A.) Ser21/9 GSK-3α/β knock-in mice were subjected to a 14-day hind-limb suspension/14-day reloading protocol. Soleus muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), OXPHEN (abundance of sub-units of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes and fiber-type composition), as well as expression levels of their main regulators (respectively protein synthesis/degradation, myogenesis and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) signaling) were monitored. RESULTS Subtle but consistent differences suggesting suppression of protein turnover signaling and decreased expression of several OXPHOS sub-units and PGC-1α signaling constituents were observed at baseline in C.A. GSK-3 versus WT mice. Although soleus mass recovery during reloading occurred more rapidly in C.A. GSK-3 mice, this was not accompanied by a parallel increased CSA. The OXPHEN response to reloading was not distinct between C.A. GSK-3 and WT mice. No consistent or significant differences in reloading-induced changes in the regulatory steps of protein turnover, myogenesis or muscle OXPHEN were observed in C.A. GSK-3 compared to WT muscle. CONCLUSION This study indicates that GSK-3 inactivation is dispensable for reloading-induced recovery of muscle mass and OXPHEN.
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24
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Yuan J, Zhou J, Wang H, Sun H. SKmDB: an integrated database of next generation sequencing information in skeletal muscle. Bioinformatics 2019; 35:847-855. [PMID: 30165538 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Skeletal muscles have indispensable functions and also possess prominent regenerative ability. The rapid emergence of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data in recent years offers us an unprecedented perspective to understand gene regulatory networks governing skeletal muscle development and regeneration. However, the data from public NGS database are often in raw data format or processed with different procedures, causing obstacles to make full use of them. RESULTS We provide SKmDB, an integrated database of NGS information in skeletal muscle. SKmDB not only includes all NGS datasets available in the human and mouse skeletal muscle tissues and cells, but also provide preliminary data analyses including gene/isoform expression levels, gene co-expression subnetworks, as well as assembly of putative lincRNAs, typical and super enhancers and transcription factor hotspots. Users can efficiently search, browse and visualize the information with the well-designed user interface and server side. SKmDB thus will offer wet lab biologists useful information to study gene regulatory mechanisms in the field of skeletal muscle development and regeneration. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Freely available on the web at http://sunlab.cpy.cuhk.edu.hk/SKmDB. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiajian Zhou
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huating Wang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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25
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Zfp422 promotes skeletal muscle differentiation by regulating EphA7 to induce appropriate myoblast apoptosis. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:1644-1659. [PMID: 31685980 PMCID: PMC7206035 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger protein 422 (Zfp422) is a widely expressed zinc finger protein that serves as a transcriptional factor to regulate downstream gene expression, but until now, little is known about its roles in myogenesis. We found here that Zfp422 plays a critical role in skeletal muscle development and regeneration. It highly expresses in mouse skeletal muscle during embryonic development. Specific knockout of Zfp422 in skeletal muscle impaired embryonic muscle formation. Satellite cell-specific Zfp422 deletion severely inhibited muscle regeneration. Myoblast differentiation and myotube formation were suppressed in Zfp422-deleted C2C12 cells, isolated primary myoblasts, and satellite cells. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (ChIP-Seq) revealed that Zfp422 regulated ephrin type-A receptor 7 (EphA7) expression by binding an upstream 169-bp DNA sequence, which was proved to be an enhancer of EphA7. Knocking EphA7 down in C2C12 cells or deleting Zfp422 in myoblasts will inhibit cell apoptosis which is required for myoblast differentiation. These results indicate that Zfp422 is essential for skeletal muscle differentiation and fusion, through regulating EphA7 expression to maintain proper apoptosis.
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26
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Interleukin-6 Induces Myogenic Differentiation via JAK2-STAT3 Signaling in Mouse C2C12 Myoblast Cell Line and Primary Human Myoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215273. [PMID: 31652937 PMCID: PMC6862063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal muscle growth and exercise- or injury-induced regeneration are facilitated by myoblasts. Myoblasts respond to a variety of proteins such as cytokines that activate various signaling cascades. Cytokines belonging to the interleukin 6 superfamily (IL-6) influence myoblasts' proliferation but their effect on differentiation is still being researched. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is one of the key signaling pathways identified to be activated by IL-6. The aim of this study was to investigate myoblast fate as well as activation of JAK-STAT pathway at different physiologically relevant IL-6 concentrations (10 pg/mL; 100 pg/mL; 10 ng/mL) in the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line and primary human myoblasts, isolated from eight young healthy male volunteers. Myoblasts' cell cycle progression, proliferation and differentiation in vitro were assessed. Low IL-6 concentrations facilitated cell cycle transition from the quiescence/Gap1 (G0/G1) to the synthesis (S-) phases. Low and medium IL-6 concentrations decreased the expression of myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD) and myogenin and increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. In contrast, high IL-6 concentration shifted a larger proportion of cells to the pro-differentiation G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, substantiated by significant increases of both MyoD and myogenin expression and decreased PCNA expression. Low IL-6 concentration was responsible for prolonged JAK1 activation and increased suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) protein expression. JAK-STAT inhibition abrogated IL-6-mediated C2C12 cell proliferation. In contrast, high IL-6 initially increased JAK1 activation but resulted in prolonged JAK2 activation and elevated SOCS3 protein expression. High IL-6 concentration decreased interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) expression 24 h after treatment whilst low IL-6 concentration increased IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) expression at the same time point. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that IL-6 has concentration- and time-dependent effects on both C2C12 mouse myoblasts and primary human myoblasts. Low IL-6 concentration induces proliferation whilst high IL-6 concentration induces differentiation. These effects are mediated by specific components of the JAK/STAT/SOCS pathway.
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Chen L, Becker TM, Koch U, Stauber T. The LRRC8/VRAC anion channel facilitates myogenic differentiation of murine myoblasts by promoting membrane hyperpolarization. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14279-14288. [PMID: 31387946 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myoblast differentiation involves elaborate signaling networks, including the activity of various ion channels and transporters. Several K+ and Ca2+ channels have been shown to affect myogenesis, but little is known about roles of Cl- channels in the associated processes. Here, we report that the leucine-rich repeat containing family 8 (LRRC8)/volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) promotes mouse myoblast differentiation. All LRRC8 subunits of heteromeric VRAC were expressed during myotube formation of murine C2C12 myoblasts. Pharmacological VRAC inhibitors, siRNA-mediated knockdown of the essential VRAC subunit LRRC8A, or VRAC activity-suppressing overexpression of LRRC8A effectively reduced the expression of the myogenic transcription factor myogenin and suppressed myoblast fusion while not affecting myoblast proliferation. We found that inhibiting VRAC impairs plasma membrane hyperpolarization early during differentiation. At later times (more than 6 h after inducing differentiation), VRAC inhibition no longer suppressed myoblast differentiation, suggesting that VRAC acts upstream of K+ channel activation. Consequently, VRAC inhibition prevented the increase of intracellular steady-state Ca2+ levels that normally occurs during myogenesis. Our results may explain the mechanism for the thinning of skeletal muscle bundles observed in LRRC8A-deficient mice and highlight the importance of the LRRC8/VRAC anion channel in cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingye Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten M Becker
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Koch
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Stauber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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28
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He L, Tian X, Yan C, Liu D, Wang S, Han Y. Nicotine promotes the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts and improves skeletal muscle regeneration in obese mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:739-745. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in combination with sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength or physical function) is increasing in adults aged 65 years and older. A major subset of adults over the age of 65 is now classified as having sarcopenic obesity, a high-risk geriatric syndrome predominantly observed in an ageing population that is at risk of synergistic complications from both sarcopenia and obesity. This Review discusses pathways and mechanisms leading to muscle impairment in older adults with obesity. We explore sex-specific hormonal changes, inflammatory pathways and myocellular mechanisms leading to the development of sarcopenic obesity. We discuss the evolution, controversies and challenges in defining sarcopenic obesity and present current body composition modalities used to assess this condition. Epidemiological surveys form the basis of defining its prevalence and consequences beyond comorbidity and mortality. Current treatment strategies, and the evidence supporting them, are outlined, with a focus on calorie restriction, protein supplementation and aerobic and resistance exercises. We also describe weight loss-induced complications in patients with sarcopenic obesity that are relevant to clinical management. Finally, we review novel and potential future therapies including testosterone, selective androgen receptor modulators, myostatin inhibitors, ghrelin analogues, vitamin K and mesenchymal stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Sections of General Internal Medicine and Weight and Wellness, and the Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, The Health Promotion Research Center and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Dennis T Villareal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Madaro L, Passafaro M, Sala D, Etxaniz U, Lugarini F, Proietti D, Alfonsi MV, Nicoletti C, Gatto S, De Bardi M, Rojas-García R, Giordani L, Marinelli S, Pagliarini V, Sette C, Sacco A, Puri PL. Denervation-activated STAT3-IL-6 signalling in fibro-adipogenic progenitors promotes myofibres atrophy and fibrosis. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:917-927. [PMID: 30050118 PMCID: PMC6145844 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are typically activated in response to muscle injury, and establish functional interactions with inflammatory and muscle stem cells (MuSCs) to promote muscle repair. We found that denervation causes progressive accumulation of FAPs, without concomitant infiltration of macrophages and MuSC-mediated regeneration. Denervation-activated FAPs exhibited persistent STAT3 activation and secreted elevated levels of IL-6, which promoted muscle atrophy and fibrosis. FAPs with aberrant activation of STAT3-IL-6 signalling were also found in mouse models of spinal cord injury, spinal muscular atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and in muscles of ALS patients. Inactivation of STAT3-IL-6 signalling in FAPs effectively countered muscle atrophy and fibrosis in mouse models of acute denervation and ALS (SODG93A mice). Activation of pathogenic FAPs following loss of integrity of neuromuscular junctions further illustrates the functional versatility of FAPs in response to homeostatic perturbations and suggests their potential contribution to the pathogenesis of neuromuscular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Adipogenesis/drug effects
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/pathology
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/prevention & control
- Animals
- Cardiotoxins
- Cell Line
- Coculture Techniques
- Denervation/methods
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscular Atrophy/genetics
- Muscular Atrophy/metabolism
- Muscular Atrophy/pathology
- Muscular Atrophy/prevention & control
- Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/genetics
- Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/metabolism
- Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/pathology
- Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/prevention & control
- Mutation
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/drug effects
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/metabolism
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/pathology
- Neuromuscular Agents/pharmacology
- Quadriceps Muscle/drug effects
- Quadriceps Muscle/innervation
- Quadriceps Muscle/metabolism
- Quadriceps Muscle/pathology
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Sciatic Nerve/surgery
- Signal Transduction
- Spinal Cord Injuries/genetics
- Spinal Cord Injuries/metabolism
- Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology
- Spinal Cord Injuries/prevention & control
- Superoxide Dismutase-1/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magda Passafaro
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - David Sala
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Usue Etxaniz
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Daisy Proietti
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Nicoletti
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sole Gatto
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Ricardo Rojas-García
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Giordani
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR - National Research Council, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Roma, Italy
| | - Vittoria Pagliarini
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Sette
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Institute Of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacco
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Supplementation with IL-6 and Muscle Cell Culture Conditioned Media Enhances Myogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells through STAT3 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061557. [PMID: 29882916 PMCID: PMC6032255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature skeletal muscle cells cannot be expanded in culture systems. Therefore, it is difficult to construct an in vitro model for muscle diseases. To establish an efficient protocol for myogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs), we investigated whether addition of IL-6 and/or myocyte-conditioned media (CM) to conventional differentiation media can shorten the differentiation period. hADSCs were differentiated to myocytes using the conventional protocol or modified with the addition of 25 pg/mL IL-6 and/or C2C12 CM (25% v/v). The expression of MyoD and myogenine mRNA was significantly higher at 5⁻6 days after differentiation using the modified protocol than with the conventional protocol. mRNA and protein expression of myosin heavy chain, a marker of myotubes, was significantly upregulated at 28 and 42 days of differentiation using the modified protocol, and the level achieved after a 4-week differentiation period was similar to that achieved at 6 weeks using the conventional protocol. The expression of p-STAT3 was significantly increased when the modified protocol was used. Similarly, addition of colivelin, a STAT3 activator, instead of IL-6 and C2C12 CM, promoted the myogenic differentiation of ADSCs. The modified protocol improved differentiation efficiency and reduced the time required for differentiation of myocytes. It might be helpful to save cost and time when preparing myocytes for cell therapies and drug discovery.
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32
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Kneppers A, Verdijk L, de Theije C, Corten M, Gielen E, van Loon L, Schols A, Langen R. A novel in vitro model for the assessment of postnatal myonuclear accretion. Skelet Muscle 2018; 8:4. [PMID: 29444710 PMCID: PMC5813369 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the post-mitotic nature of myonuclei, postnatal myogenesis is essential for skeletal muscle growth, repair, and regeneration. This process is facilitated by satellite cells through proliferation, differentiation, and subsequent fusion with a pre-existing muscle fiber (i.e., myonuclear accretion). Current knowledge of myogenesis is primarily based on the in vitro formation of syncytia from myoblasts, which represents aspects of developmental myogenesis, but may incompletely portray postnatal myogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to develop an in vitro model that better reflects postnatal myogenesis, to study the cell intrinsic and extrinsic processes and signaling involved in the regulation of postnatal myogenesis. METHODS Proliferating C2C12 myoblasts were trypsinized and co-cultured for 3 days with 5 days differentiated C2C12 myotubes. Postnatal myonuclear accretion was visually assessed by live cell time-lapse imaging and cell tracing by cell labeling with Vybrant® DiD and DiO. Furthermore, a Cre/LoxP-based cell system was developed to semi-quantitatively assess in vitro postnatal myonuclear accretion by the conditional expression of luciferase upon myoblast-myotube fusion. Luciferase activity was assessed luminometrically and corrected for total protein content. RESULTS Live cell time-lapse imaging, staining-based cell tracing, and recombination-dependent luciferase activity, showed the occurrence of postnatal myonuclear accretion in vitro. Treatment of co-cultures with the myogenic factor IGF-I (p < 0.001) and the cytokines IL-13 (p < 0.05) and IL-4 (p < 0.001) increased postnatal myonuclear accretion, while the myogenic inhibitors cytochalasin D (p < 0.001), myostatin (p < 0.05), and TNFα (p < 0.001) decreased postnatal myonuclear accretion. Furthermore, postnatal myonuclear accretion was increased upon recovery from electrical pulse stimulation-induced fiber damage (p < 0.001) and LY29004-induced atrophy (p < 0.001). Moreover, cell type-specific siRNA-mediated knockdown of myomaker in myoblasts (p < 0.001), but not in myotubes, decreased postnatal myonuclear accretion. CONCLUSIONS We developed a physiologically relevant, sensitive, high-throughput cell system for semi-quantitative assessment of in vitro postnatal myonuclear accretion, which can be used to mimic physiological myogenesis triggers, and can distinguish the cell type-specific roles of signals and responses in the regulation of postnatal myogenesis. As such, this method is suitable for both basal and translational research on the regulation of postnatal myogenesis, and will improve our understanding of muscle pathologies that result from impaired satellite cell number or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kneppers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Lex Verdijk
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chiel de Theije
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Corten
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellis Gielen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc van Loon
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemie Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Langen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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33
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Wakao J, Kishida T, Fumino S, Kimura K, Yamamoto K, Kotani SI, Mizushima K, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T, Tajiri T, Mazda O. Efficient direct conversion of human fibroblasts into myogenic lineage induced by co-transduction with MYCL and MYOD1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:368-373. [PMID: 28501623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle consists of contractile myofibers and plays essential roles for maintenance of body posture, movement, and metabolic regulation. During the development and regeneration of the skeletal muscle tissue, the myoblasts fuse into multinucleated myotubes that subsequently form myofibers. Transplantation of myoblasts may make possible a novel regenerative therapy against defects or dysfunction of the skeletal muscle. It is reported that rodent fibroblasts are converted into myoblast-like cells and fuse to form syncytium after forced expression of exogenous myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1) that is a key transcription factor for myoblast differentiation. But human fibroblasts are less efficiently converted into myoblasts and rarely fused by MYOD1 alone. Here we found that transduction of v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene lung carcinoma derived homolog (MYCL) gene in combination with MYOD1 gene induced myoblast-like phenotypes in human fibroblasts more strongly than MYOD1 gene alone. The rate of conversion was approximately 90%. The directly converted myoblasts (dMBs) underwent fusion in an ERK5 pathway-dependent manner. The dMBs also formed myofiber-like structure in vivo after an inoculation into mice at the subcutaneous tissue. The present results strongly suggest that the combination of MYCL plus MYOD1 may promote direct conversion of human fibroblasts into functional myoblasts that could potentially be used for regenerative therapy for muscle diseases and congenital muscle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Wakao
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Fumino
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koseki Kimura
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kotani
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuro Tajiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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34
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Exercise and Protein Intake: A Synergistic Approach against Sarcopenia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2672435. [PMID: 28421192 PMCID: PMC5379082 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2672435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, the age-dependent loss of muscle mass and function/strength, is increasingly recognized as a major risk factor for adverse outcomes in frail older people. As such, the skeletal muscle is a relevant target for interventions aimed at preventing or postponing the occurrence of negative health-related events in late life. The association among physical inactivity, insufficient intake of energy and protein, and poor muscle health in older adults suggests that physical exercise and targeted nutritional supplementation may offer substantial therapeutic gain against sarcopenia and its negative correlates. This view is supported by observational studies as well as by small-scale clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the beneficial effects of behavioral interventions on sarcopenia. We also briefly describe how the knowledge gathered so far has been used to design the “Sarcopenia and Physical fRailty IN older people: multicomponenT Treatment strategies” (SPRINTT) project. The randomized clinical trial conducted within SPRINTT will provide robust evidence on the effectiveness of exercise and nutrition at preventing negative outcomes associated with sarcopenia and physical frailty.
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Palmdelphin promotes myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41608. [PMID: 28148961 PMCID: PMC5288731 DOI: 10.1038/srep41608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of myoblasts is essential in the development and regeneration of skeletal muscles to form multinucleated, contractile muscle fibers. However, the process of myoblast differentiation in mammals is complicated and requires to be further investigated. In this study, we found Palmdelphin (Palmd), a cytosolic protein, promotes myoblast differentiation. Palmd is predominantly expressed in the cytosol of myoblasts and is gradually up-regulated after differentiation. Knockdown of Palmd by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in C2C12 markedly inhibits myogenic differentiation, suggesting a specific role of Palmd in the morphological changes of myoblast differentiation program. Overexpression of Palmd in C2C12 enhances myogenic differentiation. Remarkably, inhibition of Palmd results in impaired myotube formation during muscle regeneration after injury. These findings reveal a new cytosolic protein that promotes mammalian myoblast differentiation and provide new insights into the molecular regulation of muscle formation.
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Marzetti E, Calvani R, Tosato M, Cesari M, Di Bari M, Cherubini A, Broccatelli M, Savera G, D'Elia M, Pahor M, Bernabei R, Landi F. Physical activity and exercise as countermeasures to physical frailty and sarcopenia. Aging Clin Exp Res 2017; 29:35-42. [PMID: 28181204 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-016-0705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The identification of cost-effective interventions that improve the health status and prevent disability in old age is one of the most important public health challenges. Regular physical activity is the only intervention that has consistently been shown to improve functional health and energy balance and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, several cancers, depression and falls. In advanced age, physical activity is also effective at mitigating sarcopenia, restoring robustness, and preventing/delaying the development of disability. On the other hand, physical inactivity is recognized as one of the leading causes of several chronic degenerative diseases and is also a major contributing factor to sarcopenia and functional disability. This compelling evidence has prompted the World Health Organization to recommend engaging in regular physical activity throughout one's life course. The present review summarizes the available evidence in support of physical activity as a remedy against physical frailty and sarcopenia. The relevant pathways through which the benefits of physical activity are conveyed are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mauro Di Bari
- Research Unit of Medicine of Aging, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Division of Geriatric Cardiology and Medicine, Department of Geriatrics and Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Broccatelli
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Savera
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariaelena D'Elia
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Pahor
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roberto Bernabei
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
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Borghi SM, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Fattori V, Bussmann AJC, Vignoli JA, Camilios-Neto D, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Quercetin Inhibits Peripheral and Spinal Cord Nociceptive Mechanisms to Reduce Intense Acute Swimming-Induced Muscle Pain in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162267. [PMID: 27583449 PMCID: PMC5008838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the flavonoid quercetin (3,3´,4´,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) in a mice model of intense acute swimming-induced muscle pain, which resembles delayed onset muscle soreness. Quercetin intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment dose-dependently reduced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. Quercetin inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetyl-β-D- glucosaminidase (NAG) activities, cytokine production, oxidative stress, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and gp91phox mRNA expression and muscle injury (creatinine kinase [CK] blood levels and myoblast determination protein [MyoD] mRNA expression) as well as inhibited NFκB activation and induced Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA expression in the soleus muscle. Beyond inhibiting those peripheral effects, quercetin also inhibited spinal cord cytokine production, oxidative stress and glial cells activation (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 [Iba-1] mRNA expression). Concluding, the present data demonstrate that quercetin is a potential molecule for the treatment of muscle pain conditions related to unaccustomed exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M. Borghi
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Felipe A. Pinho-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Allan J. C. Bussmann
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, Centro de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Josiane A. Vignoli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biotecnologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Doumit Camilios-Neto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biotecnologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
- * E-mail: ;
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Park S, Choi Y, Jung N, Yu Y, Ryu KH, Kim HS, Jo I, Choi BO, Jung SC. Myogenic differentiation potential of human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their potential for use to promote skeletal muscle regeneration. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1209-20. [PMID: 27035161 PMCID: PMC4829138 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are regarded as an important source of cells which may be used to promote the regeneration of skeletal muscle (SKM) which has been damaged due to defects in the organization of muscle tissue caused by congenital diseases, trauma or tumor removal. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which require less invasive harvesting techniques, represent a valuable source of cells for stem cell therapy. In the present study, we demonstrated that human tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) may differentiate into myogenic cells in vitro and that the transplantation of myoblasts and myocytes generated from human T-MSCs mediates the recovery of muscle function in vivo. In order to induce myogenic differentiation, the T-MSC-derived spheres were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F-12) supplemented with 1 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β, non-essential amino acids and insulin-transferrin-selenium for 4 days followed by culture in myogenic induction medium [low-glucose DMEM containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10 ng/ml insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)] for 14 days. The T-MSCs sequentially differentiated into myoblasts and skeletal myocytes, as evidenced by the increased expression of skeletal myogenesis-related markers [including α-actinin, troponin I type 1 (TNNI1) and myogenin] and the formation of myotubes in vitro. The in situ transplantation of T-MSCs into mice with a partial myectomy of the right gastrocnemius muscle enhanced muscle function, as demonstrated by gait assessment (footprint analysis), and restored the shape of SKM without forming teratomas. Thus, T-MSCs may differentiate into myogenic cells and effectively regenerate SKM following injury. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of T-MSCs to promote SKM regeneration following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeyoung Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsil Yu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Ryu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Jo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
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Zhou X, Li M, Huang H, Chen K, Yuan Z, Zhang Y, Nie Y, Chen H, Zhang X, Chen L, Chen Y, Mo D. HMGB2 regulates satellite cell-mediated skeletal muscle regeneration via IGF2BP2. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4305-4316. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.189944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mechanism underlying modulation of transcription factors in myogenesis has been well elucidated, the function of the transcription cofactors involved in this process remains poorly understood. Here, we identified HMGB2 as an essential nuclear transcriptional co-regulator in myogenesis. HMGB2 was highly expressed in undifferentiated myoblasts and regenerating muscle. Knockdown of HMGB2 inhibited myoblast proliferation and stimulated its differentiation. HMGB2 depletion down-regulated Myf5 and Cyclin A2 on the protein but not mRNA level. In contrast, overexpression of HMGB2 promoted Myf5 and Cyclin A2 protein upregulation. Furthermore, we found that the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP2 is a downstream target of HMGB2, as previously shown for HMGA2. IGF2BP2 binds to mRNAs of Myf5 or Cyclin A2, resulting in translation enhancement or mRNA stabilization, respectively. Notably, overexpression of IGF2BP2 could partially rescue protein levels of Myf5 and Cyclin A2, in response to HMGB2 decrease. Moreover, depletion of HMGB2 in vivo severely attenuated muscle repair; this was due to a decrease in satellite cells. Together, these results highlight the previously undiscovered and critical role of HMGB2-IGF2BP2 axis in myogenesis and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Keren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhuning Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xumeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Delin Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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40
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Li M, Zhou X, Chen Y, Nie Y, Huang H, Chen H, Mo D. Not all the number of skeletal muscle fibers is determined prenatally. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2015; 15:42. [PMID: 26559169 PMCID: PMC4642764 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-015-0091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The investigation of skeletal muscle development is of importance in stock farming and biomedicine. It is still ambiguous that whether animals are born with the full set of skeletal muscle fibers or if the number of myofibers continues to increase postnatally. Results Here, an inducible lineage-tracing system was employed to monitor the changes of myofiber number in various skeletal muscles during development. We confirm that the total myofiber number of longissimus dorsi, gastrocnemius and rectus femoris is determined prenatally. However, tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus have a different development pattern, and their myofiber number still increases in the first postnatal week and then remains stable afterwards. Conclusions Our results highlight different development time frames of anatomically distinct skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yaping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Huaxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Delin Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Beisan Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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41
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Kavanagh JN, Waring EJ, Prise KM. Radiation responses of stem cells: targeted and non-targeted effects. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 166:110-117. [PMID: 25877536 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are fundamental to the development of any tissue or organism via their ability to self-renew, which is aided by their unlimited proliferative capacity and their ability to produce fully differentiated offspring, often from multiple lineages. Stems cells are long lived and have the potential to accumulate mutations, including in response to radiation exposure. It is thought that stem cells have the potential to be induced into a cancer stem cell phenotype and that these may play an important role in resistance to radiotherapy. For radiation-induced carcinogenesis, the role of targeted and non-targeted effects is unclear with tissue or origin being important. Studies of genomic instability and bystander responses have shown consistent effects in haematopoietic models. Several models of radiation have predicted that stem cells play an important role in tumour initiation and that bystander responses could play a role in proliferation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Kavanagh
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - E J Waring
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - K M Prise
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
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Frechette DM, Krishnamoorthy D, Adler BJ, Chan ME, Rubin CT. Diminished satellite cells and elevated adipogenic gene expression in muscle as caused by ovariectomy are averted by low-magnitude mechanical signals. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:27-36. [PMID: 25930028 PMCID: PMC4491530 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01020.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related degeneration of the musculoskeletal system, accelerated by menopause, is further complicated by increased systemic and muscular adiposity. The purpose of this study was to identify at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels the impact of ovariectomy on adiposity and satellite cell populations in mice and whether mechanical signals could influence any outcomes. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were ovariectomized, with one half subjected to low-intensity vibration (LIV; 0.3 g/90 Hz, 15 min/day, 5 day/wk; n = 10) for 6 wk and the others sham vibrated (OVX; n = 10). Data are compared with age-matched, intact controls (AC; n = 10). In vivo μCT analysis showed that OVX mice gained 43% total (P < 0.001) and 125% visceral adiposity (P < 0.001) compared with their baseline after 6 wk, whereas LIV gained only 21% total (P = 0.01) and 70% visceral adiposity (P < 0.01). Relative to AC, expression of adipogenic genes (PPARγ, FABP4, PPARδ, and FoxO1) was upregulated in OVX muscle (P < 0.05), whereas LIV reduced these levels (P < 0.05). Adipogenic gene expression was inversely related to the percentage of total and reserve satellite cell populations in the muscle, with both declining in OVX compared with AC (-21 and -28%, respectively, P < 0.01). LIV mitigated these declines (-11 and -17%, respectively). These results provide further evidence of the negative consequences of estrogen depletion and demonstrate that mechanical signals have the potential to interrupt subsequent adipogenic gene expression and satellite cell suppression, emphasizing the importance of physical signals in protecting musculoskeletal integrity and slowing the fat phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin J Adler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - M Ete Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Clinton T Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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de Rezende Pinto WBV, de Souza PVS, Oliveira ASB. Normal muscle structure, growth, development, and regeneration. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2015; 8:176-81. [PMID: 25860794 PMCID: PMC4596171 DOI: 10.1007/s12178-015-9267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about biochemical, structural and physiological aspects, and properties regarding the skeletal muscle has been widely obtained in the last decades. Muscle disorders, mainly represented in neuromuscular clinical practice by acquired and hereditary myopathies, are well-recognized and frequently diagnosed in practice. Most clinical complaints and biochemical characterizations of each myopathy depends on the appropriate knowledge and interpretation of pathological findings and their comparison with normal muscle findings. Great improvement has been obtained in the last decades mainly involving the mechanisms of normal muscle architecture and physiological function in the healthy individuals. Genetic mechanisms have also been widely studied. We provide an extensive literature review involving current knowledge regarding muscle cell structure and function and embryological and regenerative processes linked to muscle lesion. An updated comprehensive description involving the main nuclear genomic regulatory mechanisms of muscle regeneration and embryogenesis is provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende Pinto
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Estado de Israel Street, 899. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002 Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor Sgobbi de Souza
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Estado de Israel Street, 899. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002 Brazil
| | - Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Estado de Israel Street, 899. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04022-002 Brazil
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Ma G, Wang Y, Li Y, Cui L, Zhao Y, Zhao B, Li K. MiR-206, a key modulator of skeletal muscle development and disease. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:345-52. [PMID: 25678853 PMCID: PMC4323374 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as fundamental post-transcriptional regulators inhibit gene expression linked to various biological processes. MiR-206 is one of the most studied and best characterized miRNA to date, which specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. In this review, we summarized the results of studies of miR-206 with emphasis on its function in skeletal muscle development. Importantly, dysregulation of miR-206 has been linked to many disorders in skeletal muscle such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and circulating miR-206 has highlighted its potential as a diagnose biomarker. In addition, a mutation in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the myostatin gene in the Texel sheep creating a target site for the miR-206 and miR-1 leads to inhibition of myostatin expression, which likely to cause the muscular hypertrophy phenotype of this breed of sheep. Therefore, miR-206 may become novel target for ameliorating skeletal muscle-related disorders and optimization of muscle quantity of domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoda Ma
- 1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China; ; 2. Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- 3. Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - You Li
- 1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lili Cui
- 1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yujuan Zhao
- 4. Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- 2. Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Keshen Li
- 1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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45
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Iascone DM, Henderson CE, Lee JC. Spinal muscular atrophy: from tissue specificity to therapeutic strategies. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2015; 7:04. [PMID: 25705387 PMCID: PMC4311279 DOI: 10.12703/p7-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the most frequent genetic cause of death in infants and toddlers. All cases of spinal muscular atrophy result from reductions in levels of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, and so SMN upregulation is a focus of many preclinical and clinical studies. We examine four issues that may be important in planning for therapeutic success. First, neuromuscular phenotypes in the SMNΔ7 mouse model closely match those in human patients but peripheral disease manifestations differ, suggesting that endpoints other than mouse lifespan may be more useful in predicting clinical outcome. Second, SMN plays important roles in multiple central and peripheral cell types, not just motor neurons, and it remains unclear which of these cell types need to be targeted therapeutically. Third, should SMN-restoration therapy not be effective in all patients, blocking molecular changes downstream of SMN reduction may confer significant benefit, making it important to evaluate therapeutic targets other than SMN. Lastly, for patients whose disease progression is slowed, but who retain significant motor dysfunction, additional approaches used to enhance regeneration of the neuromuscular system may be of value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Iascone
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Medical Center 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Christopher E Henderson
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Medical Center 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Justin C Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Medical Center 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
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Muscle-specific GSK-3β ablation accelerates regeneration of disuse-atrophied skeletal muscle. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:490-506. [PMID: 25496993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Muscle wasting impairs physical performance, increases mortality and reduces medical intervention efficacy in chronic diseases and cancer. Developing proficient intervention strategies requires improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing muscle mass wasting and recovery. Involvement of muscle protein- and myonuclear turnover during recovery from muscle atrophy has received limited attention. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I signaling pathway has been implicated in muscle mass regulation. As glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is inhibited by IGF-I signaling, we hypothesized that muscle-specific GSK-3β deletion facilitates the recovery of disuse-atrophied skeletal muscle. Wild-type mice and mice lacking muscle GSK-3β (MGSK-3β KO) were subjected to a hindlimb suspension model of reversible disuse-induced muscle atrophy and followed during recovery. Indices of muscle mass, protein synthesis and proteolysis, and post-natal myogenesis which contribute to myonuclear accretion, were monitored during the reloading of atrophied muscle. Early muscle mass recovery occurred more rapidly in MGSK-3β KO muscle. Reloading-associated changes in muscle protein turnover were not affected by GSK-3β ablation. However, coherent effects were observed in the extent and kinetics of satellite cell activation, proliferation and myogenic differentiation observed during reloading, suggestive of increased myonuclear accretion in regenerating skeletal muscle lacking GSK-3β. This study demonstrates that muscle mass recovery and post-natal myogenesis from disuse-atrophy are accelerated in the absence of GSK-3β.
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Southard S, Low S, Li L, Rozo M, Harvey T, Fan CM, Lepper C. A series of Cre-ER(T2) drivers for manipulation of the skeletal muscle lineage. Genesis 2014; 52:759-70. [PMID: 24844572 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the generation of five mouse strains with the tamoxifen-inducible Cre (Cre-ER(T) (2) ; CE) gene cassette knocked into the endogenous loci of Pax3, Myod1, Myog, Myf6, and Myl1, collectively as a resource for the skeletal muscle research community. We characterized these CE strains using the Cre reporter mice, R26R(L) (acZ) , during embryogenesis and show that they direct tightly controlled tamoxifen-inducible reporter expression within the expected cell lineage determined by each myogenic gene. We also examined a few selected adult skeletal muscle groups for tamoxifen-inducible reporter expression. None of these new CE alleles direct reporter expression in the cardiac muscle. All these alleles follow the same knock-in strategy by replacing the first exon of each gene with the CE cassette, rendering them null alleles of the endogenous gene. Advantages and disadvantages of this design are discussed. Although we describe potential immediate use of these strains, their utility likely extends beyond foreseeable questions in skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl Southard
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, Maryland
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Cosgrove BD, Gilbert PM, Porpiglia E, Mourkioti F, Lee SP, Corbel SY, Llewellyn ME, Delp SL, Blau HM. Rejuvenation of the muscle stem cell population restores strength to injured aged muscles. Nat Med 2014; 20:255-64. [PMID: 24531378 PMCID: PMC3949152 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The elderly often suffer from progressive muscle weakness and regenerative failure. We demonstrate that muscle regeneration is impaired with aging owing in part to a cell-autonomous functional decline in skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Two-thirds of MuSCs from aged mice are intrinsically defective relative to MuSCs from young mice, with reduced capacity to repair myofibers and repopulate the stem cell reservoir in vivo following transplantation. This deficiency is correlated with a higher incidence of cells that express senescence markers and is due to elevated activity of the p38α and p38β mitogen-activated kinase pathway. We show that these limitations cannot be overcome by transplantation into the microenvironment of young recipient muscles. In contrast, subjecting the MuSC population from aged mice to transient inhibition of p38α and p38β in conjunction with culture on soft hydrogel substrates rapidly expands the residual functional MuSC population from aged mice, rejuvenating its potential for regeneration and serial transplantation as well as strengthening of damaged muscles of aged mice. These findings reveal a synergy between biophysical and biochemical cues that provides a paradigm for a localized autologous muscle stem cell therapy for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Cosgrove
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Penney M. Gilbert
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ermelinda Porpiglia
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Foteini Mourkioti
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Steven P. Lee
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Stephane Y. Corbel
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Scott L. Delp
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Helen M. Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although prolongation of life is a significant public health aim, at the same time the extended life should involve preservation of the capacity to live independently. Consequently, the identification of cost-effectiveness interventions to prevent frailty is one of the most important public health challenges. In the present review, we present the available evidence regarding the impact of physical exercise on the components of frailty syndrome and, in particular, as a remedy for sarcopenia. RECENT FINDINGS Resistance exercise training is more effective in increasing muscle mass and strength, whereas endurance exercises training is superior for maintaining and improving maximum aerobic power. Based on these evidences, recommendations for adult and frail older people should include a balanced program of both endurance and strength exercises, performed on a regular schedule (at least 3 days a week). SUMMARY Regular exercise is the only strategy found to consistently prevent frailty and improve sarcopenia and physical function in older adults. Physical exercises increase aerobic capacity, muscle strength and endurance, by ameliorating aerobic conditioning and/or strength. In older patients, exercise and physical activity produce at least the same beneficial effects observed in younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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50
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Thrivikraman G, Mallik PK, Basu B. Substrate conductivity dependent modulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7073-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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