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Shacham E, Scroggins SE, Gilmore A, Cheng J, Nava R. Predictors of Pediatric Asthma Management: Identifying Actionable Results With Geographic Determinants. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2024:00124784-990000000-00355. [PMID: 39259970 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric asthma remains one of the most prominent chronic health conditions among US youth. Geographic determinants such as air pollutants have been identified as playing a role in asthma development and exacerbation. The purpose of this study was to determine geospatial predictors of pediatric asthma exacerbation events and to prioritize housing remediation resources. METHODS Electronic medical records were abstracted from a health plan in Southern California. The inclusion criteria that created a sample of 51 557 members were those aged 21 years and younger, who had at least 1 asthma-related encounter between January 2019 and December 2021. Diagnoses, age, number of clinic and emergency department visits, and home addresses were included. The air quality index from the closest monitoring station during the study period, residential distance from a primary roadway, and residential distance from manufacturing sites were included in the spatial analysis. RESULTS The average number of asthma-related clinic visits was 2 across the sample. Individuals with more asthma-related clinic visits residing in public housing were more likely to live within 4 km of industrial manufacturing locations (P < .001), reside closer to a major roadway (P < .001), and experience a higher number of poor air quality days (P < .001). Modeling results show these factors were also significantly predictive of an increase of asthma-related health care encounters. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study were consistent with previous studies linking asthma and poor air quality and further highlighted some of the additive and potentially exponential challenges that public housing, major roadways, and manufacturing sites provide communities in their proximity. This research can guide environmental interventions, including the frequency of public housing inspections, community outreach, and the development of communication strategies, to reduce asthma-related experiences across neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enbal Shacham
- Author Affiliations: Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social Justice, St. Louis, Missouri (Drs Shacham and Scroggins and Mr Gilmore); and Inland Empire Health Plan Rancho Cucamonga, California (Mss Cheng and Nava)
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Dos Santos TM, Righetti RF, do Nascimento Camargo L, Leick EA, Fukuzaki S, de Campos EC, Galli TT, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, da Silva LLS, Barbosa JAS, João JMLG, Prado CM, de Rezende BG, Bourotte CLM, Dos Santos Lopes FDTQ, de Arruda Martins M, Bensenor IM, de Oliveira Cirillo JV, Bezerra SKM, Silva FJA, Paulo MSL, Lotufo PA, Lopes Calvo Tibério IDF. Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:24. [PMID: 38961398 PMCID: PMC11223391 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pollution harms the health of people with asthma. The effect of the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway in chronic allergic inflammation associated to pollution is poorly understood. METHODS One hundred eight animals were divided into 18 groups (6 animals). Groups included: wild type mice (WT), genetically modified with reduced VAChT (VAChTKD), and those sensitized with ovalbumin (VAChTKDA), exposed to metal powder due to iron pelletizing in mining company (Local1) or 3.21 miles away from a mining company (Local2) in their locations for 2 weeks during summer and winter seasons. It was analyzed for hyperresponsivity, inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress responses and the cholinergic system. RESULTS During summer, animals without changes in the cholinergic system revealed that Local1 exposure increased the hyperresponsiveness (%Rrs, %Raw), and inflammation (IL-17) relative to vivarium animals, while animals exposed to Local2 also exhibited elevated IL-17. During winter, animals without changes in the cholinergic system revealed that Local2 exposure increased the hyperresponsiveness (%Rrs) relative to vivarium animals. Comparing the exposure local of these animals during summer, animals exposed to Local1 showed elevated %Rrs, Raw, and IL-5 compared to Local 2, while in winter, Local2 exposure led to more IL-17 than Local1. Animals with VAChT attenuation displayed increased %Rrs, NFkappaB, IL-5, and IL-13 but reduced alpha-7 compared to animals without changes in the cholinergic system WT. Animals with VAChT attenuation and asthma showed increased the hyperresponsiveness, all inflammatory markers, remodeling and oxidative stress compared to animals without chronic lung inflammation. Exposure to Local1 exacerbated the hyperresponsiveness, oxidative stressand inflammation in animals with VAChT attenuation associated asthma, while Local2 exposure led to increased inflammation, remodeling and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Reduced cholinergic signaling amplifies lung inflammation in a model of chronic allergic lung inflammation. Furthermore, when associated with pollution, it can aggravate specific responses related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabata Maruyama Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro do Nascimento Camargo
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina de Campos
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carla Máximo Prado
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Isabela M Bensenor
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Skevaki C, Nadeau KC, Rothenberg ME, Alahmad B, Mmbaga BT, Masenga GG, Sampath V, Christiani DC, Haahtela T, Renz H. Impact of climate change on immune responses and barrier defense. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1194-1205. [PMID: 38309598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is not just jeopardizing the health of our planet but is also increasingly affecting our immune health. There is an expanding body of evidence that climate-related exposures such as air pollution, heat, wildfires, extreme weather events, and biodiversity loss significantly disrupt the functioning of the human immune system. These exposures manifest in a broad range of stimuli, including antigens, allergens, heat stress, pollutants, microbiota changes, and other toxic substances. Such exposures pose a direct and indirect threat to our body's primary line of defense, the epithelial barrier, affecting its physical integrity and functional efficacy. Furthermore, these climate-related environmental stressors can hyperstimulate the innate immune system and influence adaptive immunity-notably, in terms of developing and preserving immune tolerance. The loss or failure of immune tolerance can instigate a wide spectrum of noncommunicable diseases such as autoimmune conditions, allergy, respiratory illnesses, metabolic diseases, obesity, and others. As new evidence unfolds, there is a need for additional research in climate change and immunology that covers diverse environments in different global settings and uses modern biologic and epidemiologic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi Skevaki
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, member of the German Center for Lung Research and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Barrak Alahmad
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass; Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Blandina T Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania; Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Gileard G Masenga
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass; Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, member of the German Center for Lung Research and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Laboratory of Immunopathology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
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Vasse GF, Melgert BN. Microplastic and plastic pollution: impact on respiratory disease and health. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230226. [PMID: 39009408 PMCID: PMC11262622 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0226-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout their lifecycle, from production to use and upon disposal, plastics release chemicals and particles known as micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) that can accumulate in the environment. MNPs have been detected in different locations of the human body, including in our lungs. This is likely a consequence of MNP exposure through the air we breathe. Yet, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the impact that MNP exposure may have on respiratory disease and health. In this review, we have collated the current body of evidence on the implications of MNP inhalation on human lung health from in vitro, in vivo and occupational exposure studies. We focused on interactions between MNP pollution and different specific lung-resident cells and respiratory diseases. We conclude that it is evident that MNPs possess the capacity to affect lung tissue in disease and health. Yet, it remains unclear to which extent this occurs upon exposure to ambient levels of MNPs, emphasising the need for a more comprehensive evaluation of environmental MNP exposure levels in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenda F Vasse
- Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Bowman WS, Schmidt RJ, Sanghar GK, Thompson Iii GR, Ji H, Zeki AA, Haczku A. "Air That Once Was Breath" Part 1: Wildfire-Smoke-Induced Mechanisms of Airway Inflammation - "Climate Change, Allergy and Immunology" Special IAAI Article Collection: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2023. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:600-616. [PMID: 38452750 DOI: 10.1159/000536578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wildfires are a global concern due to their wide-ranging environmental, economic, and public health impacts. Climate change contributes to an increase in the frequency and intensity of wildfires making smoke exposure a more significant and recurring health concern for individuals with airway diseases. Some of the most prominent effects of wildfire smoke exposure are asthma exacerbations and allergic airway sensitization. Likely due to the delayed recognition of its health impacts in comparison with cigarette smoke and industrial or traffic-related air pollution, research on the composition, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the cellular/molecular pathways involved is poor or non-existent. SUMMARY This review discusses potential underlying pathological mechanisms of wildfire-smoke-related allergic airway disease and asthma. We focused on major gaps in understanding the role of wildfire smoke composition in the development of airway disease and the known and potential mechanisms involving cellular and molecular players of oxidative injury at the epithelial barrier in airway inflammation. We examine how PM2.5, VOCs, O3, endotoxin, microbes, and toxic gases may affect oxidative stress and inflammation in the respiratory mucosal barrier. We discuss the role of AhR in mediating smoke's effects in alarmin release and IL-17A production and how glucocorticoid responsiveness may be impaired by IL-17A-induced signaling and epigenetic changes leading to steroid-resistant severe airway inflammation. KEY MESSAGE Effective mitigation of wildfire-smoke-related respiratory health effects would require comprehensive research efforts aimed at a better understanding of the immune regulatory effects of wildfire smoke in respiratory health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willis S Bowman
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gursharan K Sanghar
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - George R Thompson Iii
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| | - Amir A Zeki
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Angela Haczku
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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Su HH, Cheng CM, Yang YN, Chang YW, Li CY, Wu ST, Lin CC, Wu HE, Suen JL. Acrylamide, an air pollutant, enhances allergen-induced eosinophilic lung inflammation via group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:13-24. [PMID: 37805143 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution significantly impacts the aggravation of asthma. Exposure to acrylamide, a volatile organic compound in tobacco smoke, is associated with elevated risks of allergy-related outcomes among active smokers. As group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) can act as an environmental sensor and significantly contribute to protease allergen-induced lung inflammation, we aimed to elucidate the causal relationship and how inhaled acrylamide worsens allergic lung inflammation via ILC2s. Intranasal acrylamide exposure at nanomolar levels significantly enhanced allergen-induced or recombinant mouse interleukin-33-induced lung inflammation in C57BL/6 mice or Rag1-/- mice, respectively. The cardinal features of lung inflammation included accumulated infiltration of ILC2s and eosinophils. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a gene expression pattern associated with proliferation-related pathways in acrylamide-treated ILC2s. Western blotting revealed significantly higher expression of Ras and phospho-Erk in acrylamide-treated ILC2s than the control, suggesting Ras-Erk signaling pathway involvement. Ex vivo and in vitro analysis showed that acrylamide treatment mainly increased Ki-67+ ILC2s and the cell number of ILC2s whereas PD98059, a highly selective Erk inhibitor, effectively counteracted the acrylamide effect. Intratracheal administration of acrylamide-treated ILC2s significantly enhanced eosinophil infiltration in Rag1-/- mice. This study suggests that airborne acrylamide may enhance the severity of allergen-induced airway eosinophilic inflammation, partly via altering ILC2 proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory, Taitung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ting Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-En Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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7
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Jiang W, Gao X, Yang B, Feng XL, Yang L. Short-term effects of air pollutants on hospital admissions for asthma among older adults: a multi-city time series study in Southwest, China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1346914. [PMID: 38347929 PMCID: PMC10859495 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the relationship between air pollution and hospital admissions for asthma in older adults, and to further assess the health and economic burden of asthma admissions attributable to air pollution. Methods We collected information on asthma cases in people over 65 years of age from nine cities in Sichuan province, as well as air pollution and meteorological data. The relationship between short-term air pollutant exposure and daily asthma hospitalizations was analyzed using the generalized additive model (GAM), and stratified by gender, age, and season. In addition, we assessed the economic burden of hospitalization for air pollution-related asthma in older adults using the cost of disease approach. Results The single pollutant model showed that every 1 mg/m3 increase in CO was linked with an increase in daily hospitalizations for older adults with asthma, with relative risk values of 1.327 (95% CI: 1.116-1.577) at lag7. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5 and SO2, on asthma hospitalization, with relative risk values of 1.044 (95% CI: 1.011-1.078), 1.018 (95% CI: 1.002-1.034), 1.013 (95% CI: 1.004-1.022), 1.015 (95% CI: 1.003-1.028) and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.041-1.227), respectively. Stratified analysis shows that stronger associations between air pollution and asthma HAs among older adult in females, those aged 65-69 years, and in the warm season, although all of the differences between subgroups did not reach statistical significance. During the study period, the number of asthma hospitalizations attributable to PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 pollution was 764, 581 and 95, respectively, which resulted in a total economic cost of 6.222 million CNY, 4.73 million CNY and 0.776 million CNY, respectively. Conclusion This study suggests that short-term exposure to air pollutants is positively associated with an increase in numbers of asthma of people over 65 years of age in Sichuan province, and short-term exposure to excessive PM and NO2 brings health and economic burden to individuals and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanyanhan Jiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Gao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Lin Feng
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Gupta N, Abd EL-Gawaad N, Osman Abdallah SA, Al-Dossari M. Possible modulating functions of probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in particulate matter-associated pulmonary inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1290914. [PMID: 38264731 PMCID: PMC10803600 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1290914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary disease represents a substantial global health burden. Increased air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the most concerned proportion of air pollutants to respiratory health. PM2.5 may carry or combine with other toxic allergens and heavy metals, resulting in serious respiratory allergies and anaphylactic reactions in the host. Available treatment options such as antihistamines, steroids, and avoiding allergens/dust/pollutants could be limited due to certain side effects and immense exposure to air pollutants, especially in most polluted countries. In this mini-review, we summarized how PM2.5 triggers respiratory hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, and the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum supplementation could minimize the risk of the same. L. plantarum may confer beneficial effects in PM2.5-associated pulmonary inflammation due to significant antioxidant potential. We discussed L. plantarum's effect on PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Available preclinical evidence shows L. plantarum induces gut-lung axis, SCFA, GABA, and other neurotransmitter signaling via gut microbiota modulation. SCFA signals are important in maintaining lung homeostasis and regulating intracellular defense mechanisms in alveolar cells. However, significant research is needed in this direction to contemplate L. plantarum's therapeutic potential in pulmonary allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Gupta
- Medical Research and Development, River Engineering, Greater Noida, India
| | - N.S. Abd EL-Gawaad
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - M. Al-Dossari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Lu C, Wang F, Liu Q, Deng M, Yang X, Ma P. Effect of NO 2 exposure on airway inflammation and oxidative stress in asthmatic mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131787. [PMID: 37295329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a widespread air pollutant. Epidemiological evidence indicates that NO2 is associated with an increase of incidence rate and mortality of asthma, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we exposed mice to NO2 (5 ppm, 4 h per day for 30 days) intermittently to investigate the development and potential toxicological mechanisms of allergic asthma. We randomly assigned 60 male Balb/c mice to four groups: saline control, ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization, NO2 alone, and OVA+NO2 groups. The involved mechanisms were found from the perspective of airway inflammation and oxidative stress. The results showed that NO2 exposure could aggravate lung inflammation in asthmatic mice, and airway remodeling was characterized by significant thickening of the airway wall and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover, NO2 would aggravate the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), which is characterized by significantly elevated inspiratory resistance (Ri) and expiratory resistance (Re), as well as decreased dynamic lung compliance (Cldyn). In addition, NO2 exposure promoted pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and serum immunoglobulin (IgE) production. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 cell differentiation (IL-4 increased, IFN-γ reduced, IL-4/IFN-γ significantly increased) played a key role in the inflammatory response of asthma under NO2 exposure. In a nutshell, NO2 exposure could promote allergic airway inflammation and increase asthma susceptibility. The levels of ROS and MDA among asthmatic mice exposed to NO2 increased significantly, while GSH levels sharply decreased. These findings may provide better toxicological evidence for the mechanisms of allergic asthma risk due to NO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Lu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Faming Wang
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Qin Liu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Miaomiao Deng
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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De Volder J, Bontinck A, De Grove K, Dirven I, Haelterman V, Joos G, Brusselle G, Maes T. Trajectory of neutrophilic responses in a mouse model of pollutant-aggravated allergic asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121722. [PMID: 37105460 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies suggest that neutrophils could contribute to allergic asthma pathogenesis, that is mainly driven by type 2 immunity. Inhalation of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) is implicated in both exacerbation and development of asthma. Since exposure to DEP is associated with a neutrophilic component, we aimed to investigate how exposure to the combination of allergens and DEP modulates neutrophilic responses. Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) were exposed to house dust mite (HDM), DEP or HDM + DEP in vitro to determine the expression of neutrophil-recruiting chemokines. Female (C57BL/6 J) mice were intranasally instilled with saline, DEP, HDM or combined HDM + DEP for 3 weeks (subacute) or 6 weeks (chronic). The neutrophilic responses were determined in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Simultaneous exposure to HDM + DEP resulted in increased CXCL1 and CXCL8 mRNA expression by HBEC in vitro. In mice, subacute exposure to HDM + DEP induced a strong mixed eosinophilic/neutrophilic inflammation in BALF and lung and was associated with higher expression of neutrophil-attracting chemokines and NET formation compared to the sole exposures. After chronic HDM + DEP exposure, a similar neutrophilic response was observed, however the NET formation was less pronounced. Interestingly, the increase of BALF eosinophils was also significantly attenuated after chronic HDM + DEP exposure compared to the subacute exposure. Subacute and chronic HDM + DEP exposure induced goblet cell hyperplasia and airway hyperresponsiveness. Our data suggest a role for neutrophils and NETs in pollutant-aggravated eosinophilic allergic asthma. Moreover, subacute exposure to HDM + DEP induces a mixed eosinophilic/neutrophilic response whereas upon chronic HDM + DEP exposure there is a shift in inflammatory response with a more prominent neutrophilic component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyceline De Volder
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bontinck
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Grove
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Iris Dirven
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valerie Haelterman
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Joos
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tania Maes
- Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent, Belgium.
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11
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Zheng J, Liu S, Peng J, Peng H, Wang Z, Deng Z, Li C, Li N, Tang L, Xu J, Li J, Li B, Zhou Y, Ran P. Traffic-related air pollution is a risk factor in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1036192. [PMID: 36568772 PMCID: PMC9769455 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Outdoor traffic-related air pollution has negative effects on respiratory health. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of outdoor traffic-related air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Guangzhou. Methods We enrolled 1,460 residents aged 40 years or older between 21 January 2014 and 31 January 2018. We administered questionnaires and spirometry tests. The distance of participants' residences or locations of outdoor activities from busy roads (as indicators of outdoor traffic-related air pollution), indoor air pollution, and smoking history were queried in the questionnaires. Results Of the 1,460 residents with valid survey and test results, 292 were diagnosed with COPD, with a detection rate of 20%. Participants who lived and did their outdoor activities near busy roads had a higher detection rate of COPD. Among residents living at distances of <50 meters, 50-199 meters, and more than 200 meters from busy roads, the detection rates were 20.6, 21.2, and 14.8%, respectively; the rates for outdoor activities at these distances were 23.8, 24.5, and 13.7%, respectively (p < 0.05). After adjusting for sex, age, smoking status, family history, and smoking index, the distance of outdoor activities from busy roads was an independent risk factor for COPD. Participants whose outdoor activities were conducted <50 meters and 50-199 meters of main roads had odds ratios of 1.54 (95% confidence interval 1.01-2.36) and 1.84 (95% interval 1.23-2.76) for the risk of COPD in comparison with a distance of more than 200 meters from busy roads. Conclusions Residents of Guangzhou whose outdoor activities were close to busy roads had a high risk of COPD. Traffic-related air pollution presents a risk to human health and a risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jieqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,Guangzhou Laboratory, Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanhuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Zihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhishan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Naijian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Longhui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chenzhou Third People's Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jianwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,Guangzhou Laboratory, Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Yumin Zhou
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, The Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China,Guangzhou Laboratory, Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Pixin Ran
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12
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Hu Y, Ni R, Lu Q, Qiu X, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhao Y. Functionalized multi-effect air filters with bimodal fibrous structure prepared by direction growth of keratin nanofibers. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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13
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Hoffman KW, Visoki E, Argabright ST, Schultz LM, Didomenico GE, Tran KT, Gordon JH, Chaiyachati BH, Moore TM, Almasy L, Barzilay R. Association between Asthma and Suicidality in 9-12-Year-Old Youths. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1602. [PMID: 36552062 PMCID: PMC9775696 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Suicidal ideation and attempts in youth are a growing health concern, and more data are needed regarding their biological underpinnings. Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder in youth and has been associated with suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescent and adult populations, but data in younger children and early adolescents are lacking. We wished to study associations of asthma with childhood suicidality considering asthma's potential as a clinically relevant model for childhood chronic immune dysregulation. METHODS Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (n = 11,876, 47.8% female, mean age 9.9 years at baseline assessment and 12.0 years at two-year follow-up), we assessed associations between asthma and suicidal ideation and attempts through baseline to two-year follow-up. RESULTS Asthma history as defined by parent report (n = 2282, 19.2% of study population) was associated with suicide attempts (SA) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, p = 0.01), and this association remained significant even when controlling for demographics, socioeconomic factors, and environmental factors (OR = 1.46, p = 0.028). History of asthma attacks was associated with both suicidal ideation (SI) and SA when controlling for demographics, socioeconomic factors, and environmental factors (OR = 1.27, p = 0.042; OR = 1.83, p = 0.004, respectively). The association of asthma attack with SA remained significant when controlling for self-reported psychopathology (OR = 1.92, p = 0.004). The total number of asthma attacks was associated with both SI and SA (OR = 1.03, p = 0.043; OR = 1.06, p = 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest an association between asthma and suicidality in early adolescence. Further research is needed to investigate mechanisms underlying this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W. Hoffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elina Visoki
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stirling T. Argabright
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura M. Schultz
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Grace E. Didomenico
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kate T. Tran
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua H. Gordon
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Barbara H. Chaiyachati
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- PolicyLab, Clinical Futures, Division of General Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tyler M. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura Almasy
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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14
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Milani GP, Cafora M, Favero C, Luganini A, Carugno M, Lenzi E, Pistocchi A, Pinatel E, Pariota L, Ferrari L, Bollati V. PM 2 .5, PM 10 and bronchiolitis severity: A cohort study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13853. [PMID: 36282132 PMCID: PMC9827836 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A few studies suggest that particulate matter (PM) exposure might play a role in bronchiolitis. However, available data are mostly focused on the risk of hospitalization and come from retrospective studies that provided conflicting results. This prospective study investigated the association between PM (PM2.5 and PM10 ) exposure and the severity of bronchiolitis. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted between November 2019 and February 2020 at the pediatric emergency department of the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Infants <1 year of age with bronchiolitis were eligible. The bronchiolitis severity score was assessed in each infant and a nasal swab was collected to detect respiratory viruses. The daily PM10 and PM2.5 exposure in the 29 preceding days were considered. Adjusted regression models were employed to evaluate the association between the severity score and PM10 and PM2.5 exposure. RESULTS A positive association between the PM2.5 levels and the severity score was found at day-2 (β 0.0214, 95% CI 0.0011-0.0417, p = .0386), day-5 (β 0.0313, 95% CI 0.0054-0.0572, p = .0179), day-14 (β 0.0284, 95% CI 0.0078-0.0490, p = .0069), day-15 (β 0.0496, 95% CI 0.0242-0.0750, p = .0001) and day-16 (β 0.0327, 95% CI 0.0080-0.0574, p = .0093).Similar figures were observed considering the PM10 exposure and limiting the analyses to infants with respiratory syncytial virus. CONCLUSION This study shows for the first time a direct association between PM2.5 and PM10 levels and the severity of bronchiolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio P Milani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cafora
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Favero
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Luganini
- Department of Life Science and System Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Michele Carugno
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Lenzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Pistocchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Pinatel
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Pariota
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Ferrari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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15
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Zhu S, Chen G, Ye Y, Zhou H, He G, Chen H, Xiao J, Hu J, Zeng F, Yang P, Liu C, He Z, Wang J, Cao G, Chen Y, Feng H, Ma W, Liu T. Effect of maternal ozone exposure before and during pregnancy on wheezing risk in offspring: A birth cohort study in Guangzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113426. [PMID: 35550810 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) exposure may lead to the development and exacerbation of asthma or wheezing in postnatal children; however, it has rarely been studied before and during pregnancy. Wheezing is one of the most common symptoms when diagnosing of asthma; thus, we investigated the associations of O3 exposure before and during pregnancy with wheezing in preschool children and the potential susceptible exposure windows from a heavily polluted city in China. This population-based birth cohort study, which included 3725 mother-child pairs from Guangzhou, began in 2016, and the follow-up period ended on July 31, 2020. We used a spatiotemporal land-use-regression model combined with activity patterns to estimate the daily O3 exposure levels during the pre-pregnancy period and each trimester, and wheezing was recorded by reviewing medical records. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to quantify the effects of O3 exposure on childhood wheezing adjusted for potential confounders. No significant association was detected between pre-pregnancy exposure to O3 and childhood wheezing. However, increased ambient O3 exposures throughout pregnancy and in the second trimester were positively associated with the risk of childhood wheezing, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confident intervals (CIs) per interquartile range (IQR) increment of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.04-1.44) and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.09-1.58), respectively. The effects of maternal O3 exposure on childhood wheezing risk was stronger when the exposure occurred in the warm conception season (P < 0.05). Significant childhood wheezing risk could be attributable to maternal O3 exposure, especially during the second trimester and with warm-season conception in Guangzhou. Further cohorts of children, particularly school age children who have more robust asthma diagnoses, should be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Zhu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guimin Chen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - He Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhongrong He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Ganxiang Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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16
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Belachew EA, Tadess S, Alemayehu M, Ayele EM. Level of asthma control and its determinants among adults living with asthma attending selected public hospitals in northwestern, Ethiopia: using an ordinal logistic regression model. Asthma Res Pract 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 36028919 PMCID: PMC9419339 DOI: 10.1186/s40733-022-00087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a major public health challenge and is characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing that vary in severity and frequency from person to person. Asthma control is an important measure of health outcomes of the patients with asthma and reflecting the impact of an illness and its treatment from the patient’s perspective. Therefore, this study assessed the asthma control levels and their determinants among adults living with asthma in selected public referral hospitals in northwestern Ethiopia. Materials and method A multicenter institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in North-western Ethiopia, from October to December 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to recruit the study participants. Bi-variable and multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of asthma control levels. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result A total of 409 patients were included in the final analysis. Asthma was controlled by 28.9% with 95%CI (24.7, 33.5) people who have asthma. Regarding the potential predictor of asthma control level, being male (AOR = 6.5, 95%CI (1.28, 32.44), Married (AOR = 3.62, 95%CI (1.28, 10.27), healthcare provider adherence to guideline usage (AOR = 8.4,95%CI (2.7, 26) and non-fuel users (AOR = 6.0, 95%CI (1.5, 22.5) were variables that increase asthma control. However, non-adherent to medication (AOR = 0.16, 95%CI (0.059, 0.48), low level of patient enablement (AOR = 0.19, (95%CI) (0.08, 0.49) and poor relationship with healthcare provider (AOR = 0.024,95%CI (0.02, 0.23) were variables that significantly decreased asthma control level. Conclusion The findings indicated that asthma control remains suboptimal in a large proportion of patients with asthma in the study setting. Socio-demographic, clinical, healthcare-related, and medication-related variables were significantly associated with asthma control. Therefore, our study highlights multifaceted interventions, including comprehensive asthma education along with an integrated treatment plan to improve asthma control and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyayaw Ashete Belachew
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, P. O. Box - 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Sumeya Tadess
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, P. O. Box - 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuriaw Alemayehu
- Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, P. O. Box - 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Emneteab Mesfin Ayele
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, P. O. Box - 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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17
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Marzec JM, Nadadur SS. Inflammation resolution in environmental pulmonary health and morbidity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116070. [PMID: 35618031 PMCID: PMC9872158 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and resolution are dynamic processes comprised of inflammatory activation and neutrophil influx, followed by mediator catabolism and efferocytosis. These critical pathways ensure a return to homeostasis and promote repair. Over the past decade research has shown that diverse mediators play a role in the active process of resolution. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), biosynthesized from fatty acids, are released during inflammation to facilitate resolution and are deficient in a variety of lung disorders. Failed resolution results in remodeling and cellular deposition through pro-fibrotic myofibroblast expansion that irreversibly narrows the airways and worsens lung function. Recent studies indicate environmental exposures may perturb and deregulate critical resolution pathways. Environmental xenobiotics induce lung inflammation and generate reactive metabolites that promote oxidative stress, injuring the respiratory mucosa and impairing gas-exchange. This warrants recognition of xenobiotic associated molecular patterns (XAMPs) as new signals in the field of inflammation biology, as many environmental chemicals generate free radicals capable of initiating the inflammatory response. Recent studies suggest that unresolved, persistent inflammation impacts both resolution pathways and endogenous regulatory mediators, compromising lung function, which over time can progress to chronic lung disease. Chronic ozone (O3) exposure overwhelms successful resolution, and in susceptible individuals promotes asthma onset. The industrial contaminant cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulates in the lung to impair resolution, and recurrent inflammation can result in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Persistent particulate matter (PM) exposure increases systemic cardiopulmonary inflammation, which reduces lung function and can exacerbate asthma, COPD, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While recurrent inflammation underlies environmentally induced pulmonary morbidity and may drive the disease process, our understanding of inflammation resolution in this context is limited. This review aims to explore inflammation resolution biology and its role in chronic environmental lung disease(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui M Marzec
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Srikanth S Nadadur
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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18
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Vieira CSS, Nicola PA, Bortoleti KCDA. Determination of phytotoxicity and cytogenotoxicity due to exposure to particles originating from sugarcane burning using test systems Lactuca sativa L. and Allium cepa L. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:561-572. [PMID: 35331078 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2054483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane straw burning generates particulate matter with complex composition resulting in atmosphere pollution. Sugarcane straw sugarcane burning particles (PSSB) contain several chemical compounds that were previously identified to be associated with carcinogenic and mutagenic processes. The aim of the present study was to extract PSSB under lab conditions and subsequently determine phyto- and cytogenotoxicity of these particles using Lactuca sativa L. and Allium cepa L. bioassays. Seeds of lettuce var. Cinderela and onion cv. Vale-Ouro IPA-11 were germinated in Petri dishes containing different concentrations of PSSB at 25, 50, 100, 200 or 300 mg/ml as well as control for 72 hr. Seed germination of lettuce was inhibited by PSSB, in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by decreased root growth, suggesting phytotoxic effects. Further, reduction of mitotic index and high number of chromosomal alterations in onion of meristematics cells indicated a cytogenotoxic action attributed to PSSB. Although the chemical composition of PSSB in question has not been determined, the phyto- and cytogenotoxic effects may be linked to the possible presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are were identified as the main constituents of particulate matter resulting from burning of sugarcane straw, in addition to exerting adverse biological effects that might result in mutations and cancer. Data demonstrated that the use of plants bioassays might be an important tool for biomonitoring air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Silva Santos Vieira
- Programa de Pós Graduação Ciências da Saúde e Biológicas (PPGGCSB - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina-PE, Brasil
| | - Patricia Avello Nicola
- Colegiado de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina-PE, Brasil
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Eghomwanre AF, Oguntoke O, Taiwo AM. Levels of indoor particulate matter and association with asthma in children in Benin City, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:467. [PMID: 35648237 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between indoor particulate matter and asthma in children was assessed in this study. Forty-five (45) locations were randomly selected across the five local government areas in Benin City, Edo State, for air quality assessment. Indoor and outdoor particulates (PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10) were monitored monthly using a handheld BLATN particulate sampler (Br-Smart-126S series). Reported clinical cases of asthma in children from 2008 to 2017 were collected from two major hospitals in the metropolis. The data obtained were analysed with SPSS for Windows version 21.0. The average concentrations of indoor and ambient PM ranged between 10.7-26.2 and 19.0-49.4 µg/m3 (PM1.0), 27.4-59.6 and 45.6-93.0 µg/m3 (PM2.5), and 33.5-67.9 and 60.9-106.1 µg/m3 (PM10) in the wet and dry seasons. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were observed above the WHO standards. Indoor particulate concentration was significantly (p = 0.001-0.012) higher in the dry season across the locations. Outdoor PM correlated positively (R = 0.568-0.855, p < 0.05; R2 = 0.322-0.724, p < 0.001) with their corresponding indoor PM concentration. The hazard ratio (HR) values of PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded 1 in all the sampling locations during the dry season, while the mean total hazard ratio (THR) of both PM metrics was considerably higher during the dry season than in the wet season. Indoor PM concentrations showed a significant positive correlation with reported cases of asthma (R = 0.498-0.542, p < 0.001) and accounted for 40.6% of the asthma cases during the dry season. The study showed that children in the selected households are at risk of increased asthma exacerbation due to exposure to particulate matter pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Eghomwanre
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - O Oguntoke
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - A M Taiwo
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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20
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Urrutia-Pereira M, Guidos-Fogelbach G, Solé D. Climate changes, air pollution and allergic diseases in childhood and adolescence. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022; 98 Suppl 1:S47-S54. [PMID: 34896064 PMCID: PMC9510908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the impacts of climate change on the development of immature respiratory and immune systems in children. SOURCE OF DATA The authors of the present study performed a non-systematic review of English, Spanish, and Portuguese articles published in the last five years in databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and SciELO. The terms used were air pollution OR climate changes OR smoke, AND children OR health. SYNTHESIS OF DATA The increase in the prevalence of some diseases, such as allergic ones, is attributed to the interactions between genetic potential and the environment. However, disordered growth combined with inadequate waste management has caused problems for the planet, such as heatwaves, droughts, forest fires, increased storms and floods, interference in food crops and their nutritional values, changes in the infectious disease pattern, and air pollution resulting from the continuous use of fossil fuels. Children, beings still in the development stage with immature respiratory and immune systems, are the primary victims of the climate crisis. CONCLUSIONS The authors documented that prenatal and postnatal exposure to ambient air pollutants will accelerate or worsen the morbidity and mortality of many health conditions, including allergic diseases. Ambient air pollutants change the microbiota, interfere with the immune response, and take direct action on the skin and respiratory epithelium, which facilitates the penetration of allergens. Understanding how the children and adolescent health and well-being are affected by climate change is an urgent matter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo Guidos-Fogelbach
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Postgraduate Department, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dirceu Solé
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Alergia, Imunologia Clínica e Reumatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Janbazacyabar H, van Bergenhenegouwen J, Garssen J, Leusink-Muis T, van Ark I, van Daal MT, Folkerts G, Braber S. Prenatal and Postnatal Cigarette Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Increased Risk of Exacerbated Allergic Airway Immune Responses: A Preclinical Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2022; 12:797376. [PMID: 35003121 PMCID: PMC8732376 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.797376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased exposure to household air pollution and ambient air pollution has become one of the world’s major environmental health threats. In developing and developed countries, environmental cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is one of the main sources of household air pollution (HAP). Moreover, results from different epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that there is a strong association between HAP, specifically CS exposure, and the development of allergic diseases that often persists into later life. Here, we investigated the impact of prenatal and postnatal CS exposure on offspring susceptibility to the development of allergic airway responses by using a preclinical mouse model. Pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed to either CS or air during pregnancy and lactation and in order to induce allergic asthma the offspring were sensitized and challenged with house dust mite (HDM). Decreased lung function parameters, like dynamic compliance and pleural pressure, were observed in PBS-treated offspring born to CS-exposed mothers compared to offspring from air-exposed mothers. Maternal CS exposure significantly increased the HDM-induced airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia in the offspring. Prenatal and postnatal CS exposure increased the frequency of Th2 cells in the lungs of HDM-treated offspring compared to offspring born to air-exposed mothers. Offspring born to CS-exposed mothers showed increased levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to offspring from air-exposed mothers. Ex-vivo restimulation of lung cells isolated from HDM-treated offspring born to CS-exposed mothers also resulted in increased IL-4 production. Finally, serum immunoglobulins levels of HDM-specific IgE and HDM-specific IgG1 were significantly increased upon a HDM challenge in offspring born to CS-exposed mothers compared to offspring from air-exposed mothers. In summary, our results reveal a biological plausibility for the epidemiological studies indicating that prenatal and postnatal CS exposure increases the susceptibility of offspring to allergic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Janbazacyabar
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van Bergenhenegouwen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Global Center of Excellence Immunology, Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Global Center of Excellence Immunology, Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thea Leusink-Muis
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid van Ark
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marthe T van Daal
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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22
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Huang J, Yang X, Fan F, Hu Y, Wang X, Zhu S, Ren G, Wang G. Outdoor air pollution and the risk of asthma exacerbations in single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma 2021; 59:2322-2339. [PMID: 34809505 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.2008429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To synthesize evidence regarding the relationship between outdoor air pollution and risk of asthma exacerbations in single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns.Methods: We performed a systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials, China National Knowledge Internet, Chinese BioMedical, and Wanfang databases. Articles published until August 1, 2020 and the reference lists of the relevant articles were reviewed. Two authors independently evaluated the eligible articles and performed structured extraction of the relevant information. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns were estimated using random-effect models.Results: Eighty-four studies met the eligibility criteria and provided sufficient information for meta-analysis. Outdoor air pollutants were associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations in both single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns [lag0: RR (95% CI) (pollutants), 1.057(1.011, 1.103) (air quality index, AQI), 1.007 (1.005, 1.010) (particulate matter of diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM2.5), 1.009 (1.005, 1.012) (particulate matter of diameter, PM10), 1.010 (1.006, 1.014) (NO2), 1.030 (1.011, 1.048) (CO), 1.005 (1.002, 1.009) (O3); lag1:1.064(1.022, 1.106) (AQI), 1.005 (1.002, 1.008) (PM2.5), 1.007 (1.004, 1.011) (PM10), 1.008 (1.004, 1.012) (NO2), 1.025 (1.007, 1.042) (CO), 1.010 (1.006, 1.013) (O3)], except SO2 [lag0: RR (95% CI), 1.004 (1.000, 1.007); lag1: RR (95% CI), 1.003 (0.999, 1.006)]. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger effects in children and asthma exacerbations associated with other events (including symptoms, lung function changes, and medication use).Conclusion: Outdoor air pollution increases the asthma exacerbation risk in single lag0 and lag1 exposure patterns.Trial registration: PROSPERO, CRD42020204097. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2021.2008429 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sainan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Ren
- Department of Library, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Martins Costa Gomes G, Karmaus W, Murphy VE, Gibson PG, Percival E, Hansbro PM, Starkey MR, Mattes J, Collison AM. Environmental Air Pollutants Inhaled during Pregnancy Are Associated with Altered Cord Blood Immune Cell Profiles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147431. [PMID: 34299892 PMCID: PMC8303567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution exposure during pregnancy may be a risk factor for altered immune maturation in the offspring. We investigated the association between ambient air pollutants during pregnancy and cell populations in cord blood from babies born to mothers with asthma enrolled in the Breathing for Life Trial. For each patient (n = 91), daily mean ambient air pollutant levels were extracted during their entire pregnancy for sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, particulate matter <10 μm (PM10) or <2.5 μm (PM2.5), humidity, and temperature. Ninety-one cord blood samples were collected, stained, and assessed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Principal Component (PC) analyses of both air pollutants and cell types with linear regression were employed to define associations. Considering risk factors and correlations between PCs, only one PC from air pollutants and two from cell types were statistically significant. PCs from air pollutants were characterized by higher PM2.5 and lower SO2 levels. PCs from cell types were characterized by high numbers of CD8 T cells, low numbers of CD4 T cells, and by high numbers of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and low numbers of myeloid DCs (mDCs). PM2.5 levels during pregnancy were significantly associated with high numbers of pDCs (p = 0.006), and SO2 with high numbers of CD8 T cells (p = 0.002) and low numbers of CD4 T cells (p = 0.011) and mDCs (p = 4.43 × 10−6) in cord blood. These data suggest that ambient SO2 and PM2.5 exposure are associated with shifts in cord blood cell types that are known to play significant roles in inflammatory respiratory disease in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Martins Costa Gomes
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (G.M.C.G.); (V.E.M.); (E.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Vanessa E. Murphy
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (G.M.C.G.); (V.E.M.); (E.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Peter G. Gibson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (P.G.G.); (P.M.H.)
- Sleep Medicine Department, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Percival
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (G.M.C.G.); (V.E.M.); (E.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (P.G.G.); (P.M.H.)
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Malcolm R. Starkey
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (G.M.C.G.); (V.E.M.); (E.P.); (J.M.)
- Paediatric Respiratory & Sleep Medicine Department, John Hunter Children’s Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Adam M. Collison
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (G.M.C.G.); (V.E.M.); (E.P.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-4042-0219
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24
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Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, air pollution has become a major problem causing several health problems involving the airways as well as the cardiovascular, reproductive, or neurological system. According to the WHO, about 3.6 million deaths every year are related to inhalation of polluted air, specifically due to pulmonary diseases. Polluted air first encounters the airways, which are a major human defense mechanism to reduce the risk of this aggressor. Air pollution consists of a mixture of potentially harmful compounds such as particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals, each having its own effects on the human body. In the last decades, a lot of research investigating the underlying risks and effects of air pollution and/or its specific compounds on the airways, has been performed, involving both in vivo and in vitro experiments. The goal of this review is to give an overview of the recent data on the effects of air pollution on healthy and diseased airways or models of airway disease, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, we focused on studies involving pollution and airway symptoms and/or damage both in mice and humans.
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25
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Enweasor C, Flayer CH, Haczku A. Ozone-Induced Oxidative Stress, Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation, and Glucocorticoid Resistance in Asthma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631092. [PMID: 33717165 PMCID: PMC7952990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in using biologicals that target Th2 pathways, glucocorticoids form the mainstay of asthma treatment. Asthma morbidity and mortality remain high due to the wide variability of treatment responsiveness and complex clinical phenotypes driven by distinct underlying mechanisms. Emerging evidence suggests that inhalation of the toxic air pollutant, ozone, worsens asthma by impairing glucocorticoid responsiveness. This review discusses the role of oxidative stress in glucocorticoid resistance in asthma. The underlying mechanisms point to a central role of oxidative stress pathways. The primary data source for this review consisted of peer-reviewed publications on the impact of ozone on airway inflammation and glucocorticoid responsiveness indexed in PubMed. Our main search strategy focused on cross-referencing "asthma and glucocorticoid resistance" against "ozone, oxidative stress, alarmins, innate lymphoid, NK and γδ T cells, dendritic cells and alveolar type II epithelial cells, glucocorticoid receptor and transcription factors". Recent work was placed in the context from articles in the last 10 years and older seminal research papers and comprehensive reviews. We excluded papers that did not focus on respiratory injury in the setting of oxidative stress. The pathways discussed here have however wide clinical implications to pathologies associated with inflammation and oxidative stress and in which glucocorticoid treatment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chioma Enweasor
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cameron H. Flayer
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Angela Haczku
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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26
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Moufarrej L, Courcot D, Ledoux F. Assessment of the PM 2.5 oxidative potential in a coastal industrial city in Northern France: Relationships with chemical composition, local emissions and long range sources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141448. [PMID: 32798879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to relate PM2.5 Oxidative Potential (OP) data to PM composition and PM local and distant source contributions. PM2.5 collected in Dunkerque, a coastal industrial city in North of France, was extensively characterized for major and minor chemical species. PM2.5 filters were extracted using a synthetic pulmonary fluid to achieve OP estimation based on Ascorbic Acid (AA) and dithiothreitol (DTT) depletion assays. In order to evidence relationships between OP values, chemical composition and local and distant source contributions, correlation coefficient, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), concentration roses, polar plots and concentration weighted trajectories were used. Heterogeneous conclusions were drawn using the three first methods as the bivariate polar plots lead to dismiss some of the correlations evidenced using correlation coefficient and PCA. Both AA and DTT tests appeared complementary as they were not sensitive to the same species/source contribution. The bivariate polar plot representation of OP values versus wind direction and wind speed revealed that PM2.5 concentration and combustion sources were linked to OP-AA, whereas emissions from integrated steelworks, electric steelworks, heavy fuel oil combustion and traffic non-exhaust significantly contribute to OP-DTT. Sea-salts, aged sea-salts, crustal, secondary sulfates and secondary nitrates sources were not found to contribute to OP values. Constant weighted trajectories evidenced several source regions responsible for high OP values with Belgium, Germany, Netherlands and France at the leader position. Contribution of inland regions appeared possibly related to the biomass and traffic related combustion while heavy fuel oil combustion could also be involved in the contribution of marine and coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Moufarrej
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France.
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27
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Kim SY, Kim E, Kim WJ. Health Effects of Ozone on Respiratory Diseases. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2020; 83:S6-S11. [PMID: 33261243 PMCID: PMC7837374 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2020.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone is known to cause bronchial inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness via oxidative injury and inflammation. While other ambient air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide showed decreasing trends in mean annual concentrations, ozone concentrations have not declined recently in most countries across the world. Short-term exposure to high concentrations of ozone has been associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity in many regions of the world. However, the long-term effects of ozone have been less investigated than the short-term exposure due to the difficulty in modeling ozone exposure and linking between individual exposures and health outcome data. A recently developed model of ozone exposure enabled the investigation of long-term ozone effects on health outcomes. Recent findings suggested that long-term exposure to ozone was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. Longitudinal studies using large cohorts also revealed that long-term exposure to ozone was associated with a greater decline in lung function and the progression of emphysema. The development of long-term standards for ozone as well as PM should be considered to protect the respiratory health of the general population and people with chronic respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Esther Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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28
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Cochard M, Ledoux F, Landkocz Y. Atmospheric fine particulate matter and epithelial mesenchymal transition in pulmonary cells: state of the art and critical review of the in vitro studies. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:293-318. [PMID: 32921295 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1816238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with several diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation are well-documented and are considered as the starting point of some of the pathological responses. However, a number of studies also focused on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a biological process involved in fibrotic diseases and cancer progression notably via metastasis induction. Up until now, EMT was widely reported in vivo and in vitro in various cell types but investigations dealing with in vitro studies of PM2.5 induced EMT in pulmonary cells are limited. Further, few investigations combined the necessary endpoints for validation of the EMT state in cells: such as expression of several surface, cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix biomarkers and activation of transcription markers and epigenetic factors. Studies explored various cell types, cultured under differing conditions and exposed for various durations to different doses. Such unharmonized protocols (1) might introduce bias, (2) make difficult comparison of results and (3) preclude reaching a definitive conclusion regarding the ability of airborne PM2.5 to induce EMT in pulmonary cells. Some questions remain, in particular the specific PM2.5 components responsible for EMT triggering. The aim of this review is to examine the available PM2.5 induced EMT in vitro studies on pulmonary cells with special emphasis on the critical parameters considered to carry out future research in this field. This clarification appears necessary for production of reliable and comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Cochard
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR-CNRS-3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) , Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR-CNRS-3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) , Dunkerque, France
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR-CNRS-3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) , Dunkerque, France
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29
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Ma X, Longley I, Gao J, Salmond J. Assessing schoolchildren's exposure to air pollution during the daily commute - A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140389. [PMID: 32783874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is mostly caused by emissions from human activities, and exposure to air pollution is linked with numerous adverse human health outcomes. Recent studies have identified that although people only spend a small proportion of time on their daily commutes, the commuter microenvironment is a significant contributor to their total daily air pollution exposure. Schoolchildren are a particularly vulnerable cohort of the population, and their exposure to air pollution at home or school has been documented in a number of case studies. A few studies have identified that schoolchildren's exposure during commutes is linked with adverse cognitive outcomes and severe wheeze in asthmatic children. However, the determinants of total exposure, such as route choice and commute mode, and their subsequent health impacts on schoolchildren are still not well-understood. The aim of this paper is to review and synthesize recent studies on assessing schoolchildren's exposure to various air pollutants during the daily commute. Through reviewing 31 relevant studies published between 2004 and 2020, we tried to identify consistent patterns, trends, and underlying causal factors in the results. These studies were carried out across 10 commute modes and 12 different air pollutants. Air pollution in cities is highly heterogeneous in time and space, and commuting schoolchildren move through the urban area in complex ways. Measurements from fixed monitoring stations (FMSs), personal monitoring, and air quality modeling are the three most common approaches to determining exposure to ambient air pollutant concentrations. The time-activity diary (TAD), GPS tracker, online route collection app, and GIS-based route simulation are four widely used methods to determine schoolchildren's daily commuting routes. We found that route choices exerted a determining impact on schoolchildren's exposure. It is challenging to rank commute modes in order of exposure, as each scenario has numerous uncontrollable determinants, and there are notable research gaps. We suggest that future studies should concentrate on examining exposure patterns of schoolchildren in developing countries, exposure in the subway and trains, investigating the reliability of current simulation methods, exploring the environmental justice issue, and identifying the health impacts during commuting. It is recommended that three promising tools of smartphones, data fusion, and GIS should be widely used to overcome the challenges encountered in scaling up commuter exposure studies to population scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Ma
- School of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Ian Longley
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jay Gao
- School of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer Salmond
- School of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Tiotiu AI, Novakova P, Nedeva D, Chong-Neto HJ, Novakova S, Steiropoulos P, Kowal K. Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176212. [PMID: 32867076 PMCID: PMC7503605 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Evidence suggests that air pollution has a negative impact on asthma outcomes in both adult and pediatric populations. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the effect of various outdoor and indoor pollutants on asthma outcomes, their burden on its management, as well as to highlight the measures that could result in improved asthma outcomes. Traffic-related air pollution, nitrogen dioxide and second-hand smoking (SHS) exposures represent significant risk factors for asthma development in children. Nevertheless, a causal relation between air pollution and development of adult asthma is not clearly established. Exposure to outdoor pollutants can induce asthma symptoms, exacerbations and decreases in lung function. Active tobacco smoking is associated with poorer asthma control, while exposure to SHS increases the risk of asthma exacerbations, respiratory symptoms and healthcare utilization. Other indoor pollutants such as heating sources and molds can also negatively impact the course of asthma. Global measures, that aim to reduce exposure to air pollutants, are highly needed in order to improve the outcomes and management of adult and pediatric asthma in addition to the existing guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica I. Tiotiu
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Nancy, 54395 Nancy, France
- Development of Adaptation and Disadvantage, Cardiorespiratory Regulations and Motor Control (EA 3450 DevAH), University of Lorraine, 54395 Nancy, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-383-154-299
| | - Plamena Novakova
- Clinic of Clinical Allergy, Medical University, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | | | - Herberto Jose Chong-Neto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80000-000, Brazil;
| | - Silviya Novakova
- Allergy Unit, Internal Consulting Department, University Hospital “St. George”, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Krzysztof Kowal
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-037 Bialystok, Poland;
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Krempski JW, Dant C, Nadeau KC. The origins of allergy from a systems approach. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:507-516. [PMID: 32702411 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The origins of allergic diseases have traditionally been explained by immunoglobulin E-mediated immune responses to account for asthma, atopic dermatitis, atopic rhinitis, and food allergy. Research insights into disease origins support a broader array of factors that predispose, initiate, or exacerbate altered immunity in allergic diseases, such as (1) inherent epithelial barrier dysfunction; (2) loss of immune tolerance; (3) disturbances in the gut; and (4) organ-specific microbiomes, diet, and age. Here, we discuss these influences that together form a better understanding of allergy as a systems disease. DATA SOURCES We summarize recent advances in epithelial dysfunction, environmental influences, inflammation, infection, alterations in the specific microbiome, and inherent genetic predisposition. STUDY SELECTIONS We performed a literature search targeting primary and review articles. RESULTS We explored microbial-epithelial-immune interactions underlying the early-life origins of allergic disorders and evaluated immune mechanisms suggesting novel disease prevention or intervention strategies. Damage to epithelial surfaces lies at the origin of various manifestations of allergic disease. As a sensor of environmental stimuli, the epithelium of the lungs, gut, and skin is affected by an altered microbiome, air pollution, food allergens in a changed diet, and chemicals in modern detergents. This collectively leads to alterations of lung, skin, or gut epithelial surfaces, driving a type 2 immune response that underlies atopic diseases. Treatment and prevention of allergic diseases include biologics, oral desensitization, targeted gut microbiome alterations, and changes in behavior. CONCLUSION Understanding the spectrum of allergy as a systems disease will allow us to better define the mechanisms of allergic disorders and improve their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Walter Krempski
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Christopher Dant
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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Schmidt M, Cattani-Cavalieri I, Nuñez FJ, Ostrom RS. Phosphodiesterase isoforms and cAMP compartments in the development of new therapies for obstructive pulmonary diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 51:34-42. [PMID: 32622335 PMCID: PMC7529846 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The second messenger molecule 3'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) imparts several beneficial effects in lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While cAMP is bronchodilatory in asthma and COPD, it also displays anti-fibrotic properties that limit fibrosis. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) metabolize cAMP and thus regulate cAMP signaling. While some existing therapies inhibit PDEs, there are only broad family specific inhibitors. The understanding of cAMP signaling compartments, some centered around lipid rafts/caveolae, has led to interest in defining how specific PDE isoforms maintain these signaling microdomains. The possible altered expression of PDEs, and thus abnormal cAMP signaling, in obstructive lung diseases has been poorly explored. We propose that inhibition of specific PDE isoforms can improve therapy of obstructive lung diseases by amplifying specific cAMP signals in discreet microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, Groningen, The Netherlands; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Nuñez
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rennolds S Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA.
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