1
|
Wang W, Lu K, Du Q, Li C, Wang J, Wei Y, Yao M, Li S, Li X, Tian X, Zhang T, Yin F, Ma Y. Association between depressive duration and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study 2010-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:286-294. [PMID: 39142592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has been found to be associated with cognitive decline, but whether longer depressive durations lead to more severe cognitive declines has not been investigated. We aimed to estimate the association between depressive duration and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older Americans based on a large-scale representative population study. METHODS We included 27,886 participants from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in 2010-2018. Four datasets with 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-year consecutive interviews were further derived which involving persistent depressed and persistent depression-free individuals. Multiple linear regressions were constructed to estimate the effects of each depressive duration on the decline in global cognition, memory and mental status. Meta-regressions were performed to test the linear trends and to explore the heterogeneity between sex, age and baseline cognitive function along with subgroup analyses. RESULTS Depressive durations of 2, 4, 6, and 8 years were associated with reductions in global cognitive scores of 0.62 points (95% CI: 0.51-0.73), 0.77 points (95% CI: 0.60-0.94), 0.83 points (95% CI: 0.55-1.10), and 1.09 points (95% CI: 0.63-1.55), respectively, indicating a linear trend (P = 0.016). More pronounced associations were observed in middle-aged adults and females. Similar patterns were found in the associations between depressive duration and two subdomains, i.e., memory and mental health. LIMITATIONS This study is essentially a cross-sectional study and therefore cannot provide causal associations. CONCLUSIONS Longer depressive durations were linearly related to more severe cognitive declines. Timely intervention for depression targeted middle-aged adults can more effectively alleviate cognition-related burdens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Lu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Du
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxin Wei
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Menghan Yao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Tian
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Yin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Ma
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh B, Parikh SV, Voort JLV, Pazdernik VK, Achtyes ED, Goes FS, Yocum AK, Nykamp L, Becerra A, Smart L, Greden JF, Bobo WV, Frye MA, Burdick KE, Ryan KA. Change in neurocognitive functioning in patients with treatment-resistant depression with serial intravenous ketamine infusions: The Bio-K multicenter trial. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115829. [PMID: 38479192 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This nonrandomized, multicenter, open-label clinical trial explored the impact of intravenous (IV) ketamine on cognitive function in adults (n = 74) with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients received three IV ketamine infusions during the acute phase and, if remitted, four additional infusions in the continuation phase (Mayo site). Cognitive assessments using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) were conducted at baseline, end of the acute phase, and end of the continuation phase (Mayo site). Results showed a significant 53 % (39/74) remission rate in depression symptoms after the acute phase. In adjusted models, baseline language domain score was associated with a higher odd of remission (Odds Ratio, 1.09, 95 % CI = 1.03-1.17, p = 0.004) and greater improvement in MADRS at the end of the acute phase (β =-0.97; 95 % CI, -1.74 to -0.20; P = 0.02). The likelihood of remission was not significantly associated with baseline immediate or delayed memory, visuospatial/constructional, or attention scores. In the continuation phase, improvements in immediate and delayed memory and attention persisted, with additional gains in visuospatial and language domains. Limitations included an open-label design, potential practice effects, and ongoing psychotropic medication use. Overall, the study suggests cognitive improvement, not deterioration, associated with serial IV ketamine administrations for TRD. These findings encourage future studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods to examine any potential for deleterious effect with recurrent ketamine use for TRD. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03156504.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balwinder Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Sagar V Parikh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Eric D Achtyes
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Fernando S Goes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anastasia K Yocum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Louis Nykamp
- Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Alexis Becerra
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - LeAnn Smart
- Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - John F Greden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - William V Bobo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Kelly A Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Loef D, van Eijndhoven P, van den Munckhof E, Hoogendoorn A, Manten R, Spaans HP, Tendolkar I, Rutten B, Nuninga J, Somers M, van Dellen E, van Exel E, Schouws S, Dols A, Verwijk E. Pre-treatment predictors of cognitive side-effects after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression: A multicenter study. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:321-331. [PMID: 38195009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for major depressive episodes (MDE). However, ECT-induced cognitive side-effects remain a concern. Identification of pre-treatment predictors that contribute to these side-effects remain unclear. We examined cognitive performance and individual cognitive profiles over time (up to six months) following ECT and investigated possible pre-treatment clinical and demographic predictors of cognitive decline shortly after ECT. METHODS 634 patients with MDE from five sites were included with recruitment periods between 2001 and 2020. Linear mixed models were used to examine how cognitive performance, assessed with an extensive neuropsychological test battery, evolved over time following ECT. Next, possible pre-treatment predictors of cognitive side-effects directly after ECT were examined using linear regression. RESULTS Directly after ECT, only verbal fluency (animal and letter; p < 0.0001; Cohen's d: -0.25 and -0.29 respectively) and verbal recall (p < 0.0001; Cohen's d: -0.26) significantly declined. However, during three and six months of follow-up, cognitive performance across all domains significantly improved, even outperforming baseline levels. No other pre-treatment factor than a younger age predicted a larger deterioration in cognitive performance shortly after ECT. LIMITATIONS There was a substantial amount of missing data especially at 6 months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that verbal fluency and memory retention are temporarily affected immediately after ECT. Younger patients may be more susceptible to experiencing these acute cognitive side-effects, which seems to be mostly due to a more intact cognitive functioning prior to ECT. These findings could contribute to decision-making regarding treatment selection, psychoeducation, and guidance during an ECT course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dore Loef
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Adriaan Hoogendoorn
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruby Manten
- GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord Mental Health Care, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | | | - Indira Tendolkar
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud umc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jasper Nuninga
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Metten Somers
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin van Dellen
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric van Exel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sigfried Schouws
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Dols
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esmée Verwijk
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, AMC, Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Milani SA, Sanchez C, Kuo YF, Downer B, Al Snih S, Markides KS, Raji M. Pain and incident cognitive impairment in very old Mexican American adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:226-235. [PMID: 37794825 PMCID: PMC10842321 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have investigated the association between pain and cognitive impairment among older adults, but the findings are mixed. We assessed the relationship of activity-limiting pain (pain interference) with incident cognitive impairment and the mediating effect of depressive symptoms among Mexican American adults aged ≥80. METHODS Data were taken from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (2010-2016). Pain interference, or pain that limited daily activities in the last 12 months, was categorized into none, untreated pain interference, and treated pain interference. Cognitive impairment was defined as scoring <21 on the Mini-Mental State Examination and difficulty with at least one instrumental activity of daily living. We used general estimation equations to assess this relationship between pain and incident cognitive impairment over the 6-year period (n = 313). RESULTS Participants reporting both untreated and treated pain interference had higher odds of incident cognitive impairment than those reporting no pain or pain interference (untreated adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-4.36; treated aOR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.15-3.44). Depressive symptoms explained 15.0% of the total effect of untreated pain and 25.3% of treated pain. CONCLUSIONS Among very old Mexican American adults, both treated and untreated pain interference was associated with incident cognitive impairment. This association was partially mediated by depressive symptoms, underscoring a need for depression screening in patients with chronic pain. Future work is needed to examine mechanistic/causal pathways between pain and subsequent cognitive impairment and the role of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments in these pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Sanchez
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Yong-Fang Kuo
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Brian Downer
- Department of Population Health & Health Disparities, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Soham Al Snih
- Department of Population Health & Health Disparities, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Kyriakos S. Markides
- Department of Population Health & Health Disparities, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | - Mukaila Raji
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park S, Lee S, Jeong KH. Predictors of Variation in the Cognitive Function Trajectories among Older Adults Living Alone: A Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2750. [PMID: 37893824 PMCID: PMC10606450 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the global aging population, this study investigates changes in cognitive function and predictive factors among older adults living alone. METHODS Using data collected from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), the study examines 1217 participants to identify distinct cognitive change patterns and the variables affecting them. RESULTS Two primary cognitive function change types emerged: "High-Level Declining Type" and "Low-Level Stable Type." Although the former initially displayed normal cognitive function, it gradually declined over a period of 14 years until it reached mild cognitive impairment (MCI) levels by the year 2020. While the latter group had lower cognitive function from the beginning and remained stable throughout the study. Older age, female gender, rural residence, lower education, lower income, unemployment, and higher levels of depression were linked to a higher likelihood of belonging to the "Low-Level Stable Type". CONCLUSIONS The findings of these studies emphasize the need for proactive interventions and regular cognitive assessments for older individuals living alone, as cognitive impairment can develop even in individuals whose cognitive abilities are initially good. Also, tailored interventions should target specific demographic and socioeconomic groups to mitigate cognitive decline effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Park
- Department of Social Welfare, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.-H.J.)
| | - Seoyoon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Social Welfare Policy, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyoung Jeong
- Department of Social Welfare, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.-H.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aslanyan V, Pa J, Hodis HN, St. John J, Kono N, Henderson VW, Mack WJ. Generalizability of cognitive results from clinical trial participants to an older adult population: Addressing external validity. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12417. [PMID: 37091311 PMCID: PMC10113884 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Study inclusion criteria and recruitment practices limit the generalizability of randomized-controlled trial (RCT) results. Statistical modeling could enhance generalizability of outcomes. To illustrate this, the cognition-depression relationship was assessed with and without adjustment relative to the target population of older women. Methods Randomized participants from four RCTs and non-randomized participants from two cohorts were included in this study. Prediction models estimated probability of being randomized into trials from target populations. These probabilities were used for inverse odds weighting relative to target populations. Weighted linear regression was used to assess the depression-cognition relationship. Results There was no depression-cognition relationship in the combined randomized sample. After applying weights relative to a representative cohort, negative relationships were observed. After applying weights relative to a non-representative cohort, bias of estimates increased. Discussion Quantitative approaches to transportability using representative samples may explain the absence of a-priori established relationships in RCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahan Aslanyan
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Judy Pa
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study (ADCS)Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Howard N. Hodis
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Atherosclerosis Research UnitKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MedicineKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jan St. John
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Atherosclerosis Research UnitKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Naoko Kono
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Atherosclerosis Research UnitKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Victor W. Henderson
- Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health and of Neurology and Neurological SciencesSchool of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wendy J Mack
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Atherosclerosis Research UnitKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han MH, Lee EH, Park HH, Choi SH, Koh SH. Relationship between telomere shortening and early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints in older adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:914-931. [PMID: 36805537 PMCID: PMC10008503 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) has been reported to be associated with depression and cognitive impairment in elderly. Early detection of depression and cognitive impairment is important to delay disease progression. Therefore, we aimed to identify whether TL is associated with early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints among healthy elderly subjects. This study was a multicenter, outcome assessor-blinded, 24-week, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Measurement of questionnaire and physical activity scores and blood sample analyses were performed at baseline and after six months of follow-up in all study participants. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify whether early subjective depressive symptoms, cognitive complaints, and several blood biomarkers are associated with TL. Altogether, 137 relatively healthy elderly individuals (60-79 years old) were enrolled in this prospective RCT. We observed an approximate decrease of 0.06 and 0.11-0.14 kbps of TL per one point increase in the geriatric depression scale and cognitive complaint interview scores, respectively, at baseline and after six months of follow-up. We also found an approximate decrease of 0.08-0.09 kbps of TL per one point increase in interleukin (IL)-6 levels at baseline and after six months of follow-up. Our study showed that both early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints were associated with a relatively shorter TL in relatively healthy elderly individuals. In addition, based on our findings, we believe that IL-6 plays an important role in the relationship between shortening TL and early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Hoon Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Park
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kobayashi LC, O'Shea BQ, Joseph C, Finlay JM. Acute relationships between mental health and cognitive function during the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal evidence from middle-aged and older US adults. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 2:100097. [PMID: 35434675 PMCID: PMC8993427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The acute impacts of COVID-19-related mental health concerns on cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults are unknown. We investigated whether between-person (BP) differences and within-person (WP) changes in loneliness, anxiety, and worry about COVID-19 were related to cognitive function and abilities in a longitudinal cohort of middle-aged and older United States (US) adults over a nine-month period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Data were from bimonthly questionnaires in the nationwide COVID-19 Coping Study from August/September 2020 through April/May 2021 (N = 2262 adults aged ≥55). Loneliness was assessed with the 3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale, anxiety with the 5-item Beck Anxiety Inventory, and COVID-19 worry on a 5-point Likert-type scale. Cognitive outcomes were assessed with the 6-item Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Cognitive Function and Abilities scales. Marginal structural models incorporating inverse probability of treatment and attrition weights as well as sampling weights estimated the BP and WP relationships between the mental health predictors and PROMIS® cognitive scores over time. Results In any given month, experiencing a loneliness or anxiety symptom score higher than the sample mean (BP difference) or higher than one's personal mean across the nine-month period (WP change) was negatively associated with cognitive function and abilities in that month. The observed magnitudes of associations were stronger for BP differences than for WP changes and were the strongest for anxiety symptom scale scores. Conclusions Elevated loneliness and anxiety symptoms, both relative to other adults and to one's usual levels, were acutely associated with worse perceived cognitive function and abilities over a nine-month period during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The long-term impacts of mental health symptoms experienced during the pandemic for population cognitive health should be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay C. Kobayashi
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,MRC/Wits Rural Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,Corresponding author. 1415 Washington Heights, SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brendan Q. O'Shea
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carly Joseph
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Jessica M. Finlay
- Social Environment and Health Program, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
A Systematic Study into the Effects of Long-Term Multicomponent Training on the Cognitive Abilities of Older Adults with Neurodegenerative Disorders. PSYCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/psych4040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognition includes all processes through which a person becomes aware of their situation, needs, goals, and necessary actions. Regular specialized cognitive and neuromotor simulation exercises have improved various cognitive processes, including memory, speed of reasoning, and problem-solving skills. This review focuses on understanding the efficacy of long-term multicomponent exercise interventions to mitigate and delay the effects on cognitive abilities in older adults with neurodegenerative disorders. The main criteria for final studies were randomised controlled trials with a minimum of a 24-week intervention. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, SCOPUS, B-On, Sport Discus, Scielo, APA PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Academic Search Complete, Medline (PubMed), ERIC, and Google Scholar databases were checked. The search occurred between April 2022 and July 2022. A total of 19 studies were used in this review. The initial search identified 6.835 studies. In the first screening, a total of 6474 studies were excluded. After this, 361 studies were analysed by co-authors and did not meet the specific final criteria and were excluded. In total, 19 studies were included in the final analysis, and 14 papers met all requirements previously defined.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nam S, Downer B, Bae S, Hong I. Social, behavioural, and functional characteristics of community-dwelling South Korean adults with moderate and severe cognitive impairment. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2022; 31:e1908. [PMID: 35278012 PMCID: PMC9159685 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study used the 2016 Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging to investigate the social, behavioural, and functional characteristics of community-dwelling South Korean adults with cognitive impairment. METHODS Participants were classified as normal, moderate impairment, and severe impairment according to an algorithm that combined the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination score and the number of difficulties in performing instrumental activities of daily living. Selected characteristics included grip strength, depression, participation in exercise and social activities, and living in a rural, urban, or suburban community. RESULTS Most (72.7%) participants were classified as having normal cognition, 20.1% were classified as moderate impairment, and 7.2% were classified as severe impairment. Regardless of sex, the differences in grip strength across the cognitive status classifications were statistically significant, except for the difference between moderate and severe cognitive impairment in males (p = 0.8477). Greater number of depressive symptoms and living in rural areas were associated with significantly higher odds for severe cognitive impairment. Participants with moderate (OR = 0.51) and severe (OR = 0.33) cognitive impairment were less likely to participate in social activities than those with normal cognition. CONCLUSIONS The study findings revealed that social, behavioural, and functional characteristics are closely related to the cognitive status of community-dwelling adults in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Nam
- Department of Occupational TherapyGraduate SchoolYonsei UniversityWonju‐siGangwon‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Brian Downer
- Division of Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Suyeong Bae
- Department of Occupational TherapyGraduate SchoolYonsei UniversityWonju‐siGangwon‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Ickpyo Hong
- Department of Occupational TherapyCollege of Software and Digital Healthcare ConvergenceYonsei UniversityWonju‐siGangwon‐doRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Banaś W, Czerniak B, Budzyński J. Physical and psychological functioning of patients with chronic limb ischemia during a 1-year period after endovascular revascularization. J Vasc Surg 2021; 75:1679-1686. [PMID: 34695554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Symptoms of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and patients' physical and psychological status are related in a vicious circle. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between improvement in parameters of PAD after endovascular procedures and changes in patients' physical and psychological status. METHODS We studied 140 consecutive PAD patients: 50 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), 50 patients with intermittent claudication (IC) undergoing an endovascular procedure, and 40 IC patients who were not qualified for leg revascularization. All participating patients were assessed at the beginning of the study and at 3 and 12 months of follow-up; scores taken included: ankle-brachial index, 6-minute walking test distance, Barthel index, activities of daily living (ADL) index, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) index, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS After 12 months of follow-up, an improvement in PAD-related symptoms following leg revascularization had been maintained in 56% of the patients with CLTI and in 68% of those with IC. Twelve months after endovascular leg revascularization, the scores in respect of ADL, IADL, and MMSE had increased, and scores for HADS had decreased in both CLTI and IC patients. A higher baseline score in the IADL index was associated with a reduction in the 1-year cardiovascular event risk (OR; 95% CI: 0.70; 0.54-0.91; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS In PAD patients, endovascular procedures not only improved PAD-related symptoms, but also ameliorated patients' physical state, improved cognitive function, and reduced depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Banaś
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Beata Czerniak
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jacek Budzyński
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dalmaijer ES, Gibbons SG, Bignardi G, Anwyl-Irvine AL, Siugzdaite R, Smith TA, Uh S, Johnson A, Astle DE. Direct and indirect links between children's socio-economic status and education: pathways via mental health, attitude, and cognition. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:9637-9651. [PMID: 37215737 PMCID: PMC7614555 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A child's socio-economic environment can profoundly affect their development. While existing literature focusses on simplified metrics and pair-wise relations between few variables, we aimed to capture complex interrelationships between several relevant domains using a broad assessment of 519 children aged 7-9 years. Our analyses comprised three multivariate techniques that complimented each other, and worked at different levels of granularity. First, an exploratory factor analysis (principal component analysis followed by varimax rotation) revealed that our sample varied along continuous dimensions of cognition, attitude and mental health (from parallel analysis); with potentially emerging dimensions speed and socio-economic status (passed Kaiser's criterion). Second, k-means cluster analysis showed that children did not group into discrete phenotypes. Third, a network analysis on the basis of bootstrapped partial correlations (confirmed by both cross-validated LASSO and multiple comparisons correction of binarised connection probabilities) uncovered how our developmental measures interconnected: educational outcomes (reading and maths fluency) were directly related to cognition (short-term memory, number sense, processing speed, inhibition). By contrast, mental health (anxiety and depression symptoms) and attitudes (conscientiousness, grit, growth mindset) showed indirect relationships with educational outcomes via cognition. Finally, socio-economic factors (neighbourhood deprivation, family affluence) related directly to educational outcomes, cognition, mental health, and even grit. In sum, cognition is a central cog through which mental health and attitude relate to educational outcomes. However, through direct relations with all components of developmental outcomes, socio-economic status acts as a great 'unequaliser'. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-021-02232-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin S. Dalmaijer
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Sophie G. Gibbons
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Giacomo Bignardi
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Alexander L. Anwyl-Irvine
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Roma Siugzdaite
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Tess A. Smith
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Stepheni Uh
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Amy Johnson
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - Duncan E. Astle
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Geraets AFJ, Schram MT, Jansen JFA, Koster A, Dagnelie PC, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Stehouwer CDA, Verhey FRJ, Köhler S. The relation of depression with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning: the Maastricht study. Psychol Med 2021; 52:1-10. [PMID: 33634767 PMCID: PMC9772903 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with depression often experience widespread and persistent cognitive deficits, which might be due to brain atrophy and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We therefore studied the associations between depression, markers of brain atrophy and CSVD, and cognitive functioning. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the population-based Maastricht study (n = 4734; mean age 59.1 ± 8.6 years, 50.2% women), which focuses on type 2 diabetes. A current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 151) was assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Volumes of cerebral spinal fluid, white matter, gray matter and white matter hyperintensities, presence of lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds, and total CSVD burden were assessed by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses tested the associations between MDD, brain markers and cognitive functioning in memory, information processing speed, and executive functioning & attention, and presence of cognitive impairment. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, MDD was associated with lower scores in information processing speed [mean difference = -0.18(-0.28;-0.08)], executive functioning & attention [mean difference = -0.13(-0.25;-0.02)], and with higher odds of cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.60(1.06;2.40)]. MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes [OR = 1.65(1.06;2.56)], but CSVD or other markers of brain atrophy or CSVD did not mediate the association with cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS MDD is associated with more impaired information processing speed and executive functioning & attention, and overall cognitive impairment. Furthermore, MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes, but this association did not explain an impaired cognitive profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anouk F. J. Geraets
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T. Schram
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacobus F. A. Jansen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D. A. Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans R. J. Verhey
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lang M, Rosselli M, Greig MT, Torres VL, Vélez-Uribe I, Arruda F, Barker WW, Garcia P, Loewenstein DA, Curiel RE, Duara R. Depression and the Diagnosis of MCI in a Culturally Diverse Sample in the United States. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:214-230. [PMID: 31729523 PMCID: PMC7881973 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze (1) whether there are ethnic differences in the severity of depressive symptoms between groups of elders classified as cognitively normal (CN) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and (2) the influence of depressive symptoms on specific cognitive performance by ethnicity across diagnoses, controlling for covariates. METHODS 164 Hispanics residing in the United States (HAs) and European Americans (EAs) (100 women; Mage = 72.1, SD = 8.0) were diagnosed as either CN or aMCI. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Cognition was assessed using the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (semantic memory), Multilingual Naming Test (confrontation naming), and the Stroop Test (Color-Word condition; executive function). A 2 × 2 univariate ANCOVA as well as linear and logistic regressions explored differences in depressive symptoms among diagnostic and ethnic groups. RESULTS Higher depression was seen in aMCI compared to the CN group for both ethnicities, after controlling for age, education, gender, and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Greater levels of depression also predicted lower scores in confrontation naming and semantic memory for only the EA group and marginally in scores of executive function for HA participants. GDS-15 scores of ≤ 4 also predicted less likelihood of aMCI diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Severity of depressive symptoms was associated with greater cognitive impairment, independent of ethnicity. Significant results suggest detrimental effects of depression on clinical diagnoses most evidently for subjects from the EA group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merike Lang
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Mónica Rosselli
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Maria T Greig
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Valeria L Torres
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Idaly Vélez-Uribe
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Fernanda Arruda
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Warren W Barker
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Garcia
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - David A Loewenstein
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rosie E Curiel
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Caughie C, Bean P, Tiede P, Cobb J, McFarland C, Hall S. Dementia Worry and Neuropsychological Performance in Healthy Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:29-36. [PMID: 32793959 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dementia is one of the most feared diseases in American society. However, limited research exists regarding how worrying about dementia may influence peoples' cognitive abilities. The current study examines how dementia worry affects performance on neuropsychological domains of executive function, memory, attention, and processing speed in a healthy older adult population. METHOD Participants (n = 40) were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8, scores > 10 were excluded) and for mild cognitive impairment using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS, scores < 32 were excluded). All participants were administered common neuropsychological tests of executive function, memory, attention, and processing speed. Participants were also asked to complete the Dementia Worry Scale (DWS), a measure assessing the level of dementia worry individuals experience in daily life. RESULTS A multivariate effect of dementia worry on neuropsychological measures of executive function was supported. Specifically, higher levels of dementia worry were significantly related to poorer performance on combined measures of executive function (Wilk's Lambda = 0.821, F (2, 36) = 3.934, p = .028). CONCLUSIONS Dementia worry significantly affects scores on specific neuropsychological measures. Inasmuch, dementia worry may have both functional implications for older adults, as well as assessment implications for practicing neuropsychologists. Further research is necessary to parse apart whether dementia worry represents a psychological variable affecting cognitive performance and/or serves as an early marker of cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cali Caughie
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Phoebe Bean
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Paul Tiede
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Joshua Cobb
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Craig McFarland
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Stuart Hall
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bordignon A, Trevisan C, Devita M, Bizzotto M, Celli S, Girardi A, Sergi G, Corti MC, Manzato E, Coin A. Fibrinogen Levels and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events in Older Adults With Both Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Impairment: A Prospective Study. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2020; 33:282-288. [PMID: 31645169 DOI: 10.1177/0891988719882092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression and cognitive impairment have been identified as risk factors for cerebrovascular events (CVE), and one of their potential etiological pathways is inflammatory status. This prospective study aims to investigate the association between inflammatory markers and the risk of CVE in a population of 2659 older adults, enrolled in the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.), with depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, or both conditions. For each individual, we assessed at baseline the presence of depressive symptoms (defined as a Geriatric Depression Scale ≥11), cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination <24), and serum levels of fibrinogen, white blood cells (WBC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). During a 4.4-year follow-up, 188 (7.1%) participants had CVE. Among the inflammatory markers, high fibrinogen values were associated with a 50% higher risk of CVE in the whole sample, and with a 4-fold higher risk in individuals with both depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment (hazard ratio = 4.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.45-11.23). Elevated WBC were associated with a 5% higher risk of CVE in the whole sample and in those with both conditions. No significant association was observed with the ESR. In conclusion, our study found that high fibrinogen levels may predict the risk of CVE in older people with concomitant depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment. Therefore, fibrinogen could be considered as an easily accessible aging biomarker, which might estimate the chronic inflammatory status and its potential detrimental effects on the most vulnerable older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bordignon
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Devita
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marianna Bizzotto
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Celli
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Agostino Girardi
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sergi
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Enzo Manzato
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Coin
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Şenel B, Özel-Kızıl ET, Sorgun MH, Tezcan-Aydemir S, Kırıcı S. Transcranial sonography imaging of brainstem raphe, substantia nigra and cerebral ventricles in patients with geriatric depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 35:702-711. [PMID: 32100326 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Geriatric depression is a special condition associated with a chronic course, treatment resistance and vascular processes. However, its neurobiology has not been fully elucidated. There is no study in geriatric depression evaluating deep brain structures with transcranial sonography (TCS) which is a low-cost, non-invasive and practical tool. The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in the echogenicity of brainstem raphe (BR), substantia nigra (SN) and ventricular diameters by TCS in association with cognitive dysfunctions in patients with geriatric depression. METHODS Echogenicity of BR and SN were assessed and transverse diameters of the third ventricle and frontal horns of the lateral ventricles were measured by TCS in 34 patients with DSM-5 major depression and 31 healthy volunteers aged 60 and older. Cognitive functions were evaluated by using Mini Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool, Clock Drawing Test and Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire. RESULTS Although depressed patients had more subjective memory complaints than controls, they had similar cognitive performances. Reduced echogenicity (interrupted/invisible echogenic line) of BR was found to be significantly higher and the ventricular diameters were larger in the depressed group. There was no difference between the groups in terms of SN echogenicity. There was no correlation between ventricular diameters and depression severity or cognitive functions. CONCLUSIONS Results of the present study are important in terms of pointing out neurobiological changes related to geriatric depression which are in parallel with the results of the studies in younger patients with depression. However, long-term follow-up studies are required for accurate differentiation of neurocognitive disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Başak Şenel
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erguvan T Özel-Kızıl
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mine H Sorgun
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sevinç Kırıcı
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Establish whether POCD is associated with new disability after surgery, which would inform whether POCD impacts patient-centered outcomes. BACKGROUND POCD is a decline in neuropsychiatric tests scores from presurgical baseline which occurs in approximately 15% of older patients 3 months after surgery. POCD is a research construct meant to investigate patient and family reports of older adults who were "never the same after surgery." However, many patients with POCD do not perceive difficulty with thinking and memory, and the question remains whether POCD impacts patient function. METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of 167 older adults undergoing major noncardiac surgery (requiring at least a 2-day hospital stay). Exclusion criteria were: history of dementia, cardiac or intracranial procedure, inability to consent for themselves, or emergency surgery. We administered formal neuropsychiatric testing (Alzheimer Disease Research Center UDS battery), basic and instrumental activities of daily living (Alzheimer Disease Research Center IADLs), pain (geriatric pain measure), and depression screening (hospital depression and anxiety scale) before and 3 months after surgery. We recorded all patient refined diagnostic related groups codes, blood pressure, anesthetics and narcotics administered, surgical and anesthesia duration, and measured complications and severity, length of stay, and readmissions. RESULTS Patients with POCD (21/167, 14.1%) had twice the proportion of new impairment in IADL as compared to those without POCD (57% vs 27%, P = .01). The most common areas of decline were social activities, ability to find items around the house, remember appointments, shop and pay for items, do laundry, drive a car/use public transport, and do housework. Predictors of IADL change after surgery included POCD, presurgical cognition, presurgical function, postoperative depression, and the development of postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS Patients with POCD experience a much higher incidence of new disability after surgery. Baseline cognitive or functional limitations are also risk factors for new disability. Many patients are not aware of their limitations before surgery. Future study is needed to identify practical ways to routinely screen patients and reduce risk. Patients need to be informed of their risk for new disability after surgery to inform their medical decision making.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gibson-Smith D, Halldorsson TI, Bot M, Brouwer IA, Visser M, Thorsdottir I, Birgisdottir BE, Gudnason V, Eiriksdottir G, Launer LJ, Harris TB, Gunnarsdottir I. Childhood overweight and obesity and the risk of depression across the lifespan. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:25. [PMID: 31964368 PMCID: PMC6971945 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-1930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been longitudinally associated with depression but only few studies take a life course approach. This longitudinal study investigates whether being overweight or obese at age 8 and 13 years is associated with depressive symptoms more than 60 years later and whether this association is independent of late-life body mass index (BMI). We also investigated the association of being overweight/obese at age 8 or 13 years with ever having major depressive disorder (lifetime MDD). METHOD This analysis is based on a sub-sample of 889 AGES-Reykjavik participants with measured BMI data from early life. Late-life depressive symptoms were measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and lifetime MDD was assessed at late-life using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the relationships between BMI (continuous and categorical) at age 8 or 13 years, and late-life depressive symptoms (measured as GDS ≥ 5) or lifetime MDD, adjusted for sex, education, physical activity, smoking status and alcohol use. In a separate model, additional adjustments were made for late-life BMI. RESULTS One hundred and one subjects (11%) had depressive symptoms at late-life (GDS ≥ 5), and 39 subjects (4.4%) had lifetime MDD. Being overweight or obese at age 8 or 13 years was not associated with higher depressive symptoms during late-life, irrespective of late-life BMI. Being overweight or obese at age 8 years, but not age 13 years was associated with an increased risk of lifetime MDD (Odds Ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for age 8 = 4.03[1.16-13.96]P = 0.03 and age 13 = 2.65[0.69-10.26] P = 0.16, respectively). CONCLUSION Being overweight in childhood was associated with increased odds of lifetime MDD, although the magnitude of the risk is uncertain given the small numbers of participants with lifetime MDD. No clear association was observed between childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity and late-life depressive symptoms irrespective of late life BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thorhallur I. Halldorsson
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Centre for Fetal Programming, Statens Serum Institut, 5, Artillerivej, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Mariska Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg A. Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bryndis E. Birgisdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - Lenore J. Launer
- National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205 USA
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205 USA
| | - Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vermeulen T, Lauwers T, Van Diermen L, Sabbe BG, van der Mast RC, Giltay EJ. Cognitive Deficits in Older Adults With Psychotic Depression: A Meta-Analysis. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 27:1334-1344. [PMID: 31378679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A major depressive disorder with psychotic features, that is, psychotic depression (PD), is often accompanied by cognitive deficits, particularly in older patients. We aimed to assess to what extent various cognitive domains are affected in older patients with PD compared to those with nonpsychotic depression (NPD). Therefore, a systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar, and Cochrane for all relevant studies. Hereafter, we conducted a meta-analysis of seven studies on cognitive deficits in older adults (55+ years), comparing patients with PD and patients with NPD. Compared to patients with NPD, those with PD not only showed a significantly poorer performance on overall cognitive function, with a Hedges' g effect size of -0.34 (95% confidence interval: -0.56; -0.12; p = 0.003), but also on nearly all separate cognitive domains, with Hedges' g effect sizes ranging from -0.26 to -0.64 (all p's <0.003), of which attention was most adversely affected. Verbal fluency showed no significant effect, although this analysis may have been underpowered. The funnel plot suggested no significant publication bias (Egger test intercept: -2.47; 95% confidence interval: -5.50; 0.55; p = 0.09). We conclude that older patients with PD show more cognitive deficits on all cognitive domains, except for verbal fluency, compared to patients with NPD. It is crucial that clinicians and researchers take cognitive deficits into consideration in older adults with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Vermeulen
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp (TV, LVD, BGS, and RCvdM), Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Tina Lauwers
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies, University Psychiatric Hospital Duffel (TL, LVD, and BGS), Duffel, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Linda Van Diermen
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp (TV, LVD, BGS, and RCvdM), Antwerp, Belgium; Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies, University Psychiatric Hospital Duffel (TL, LVD, and BGS), Duffel, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bernard G Sabbe
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp (TV, LVD, BGS, and RCvdM), Antwerp, Belgium; Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies, University Psychiatric Hospital Duffel (TL, LVD, and BGS), Duffel, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Roos C van der Mast
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp (TV, LVD, BGS, and RCvdM), Antwerp, Belgium; University Medical Centre Leiden, University of Leiden, (RCvdM and EJG), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik J Giltay
- University Medical Centre Leiden, University of Leiden, (RCvdM and EJG), Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Glenn J, Madero EN, Gray M, Fuseya N, Ikeda M, Kawamura T, Arita Y, Bott NT. Engagement With a Digital Platform for Multimodal Cognitive Assessment and Multidomain Intervention in a Japanese Population: Pilot, Quasi-Experimental, Longitudinal Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e15733. [PMID: 31654567 PMCID: PMC6913726 DOI: 10.2196/15733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the global prevalence of dementia continues to rise, multidomain lifestyle interventions that address modifiable risk factors associated with pathological cognitive decline are increasing. Although some digital options have been developed to increase the reach and scalability of these programs, because of cultural differences, the efficacy of the programs in one population cannot easily be generalized to populations in other countries. Objective This investigation aimed to examine the usability and engagement of a digitally delivered multidomain cognitive lifestyle intervention developed in the United States for a Japanese population. Methods This feasibility investigation utilized a quasi-experimental, single-arm, nonrandomized, longitudinal design where participants engaged in the behavioral intervention on a smartphone. Of the 559 participants that initially enrolled (age: mean 51 years, SD 7.5 years; 51.7% female [289/559]), 242 completed the final testing trial. Participants enrolled in a multidomain lifestyle program that consisted of (1) psychoeducational material, (2) physical activity tracker, (3) nutrition tracker, (4) audio-based meditations, and (5) health coaching. Engagement with the program was assessed through the total number of app sessions and the use of the exercise, diet, and meditation tracking features within the app. The total number of minutes exercised was collected through subjective user inputs, and nutrition was quantified by the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet adherence score. Results Significant relationships existed between overall nutrition score and frequency of nutrition tracking (r=0.18), frequency of physical activity tracking (r=0.19), and the total number of minutes exercised (r=0.22). Total minutes exercised was significantly correlated with total app sessions (r=0.57), frequency of physical activity tracking (r=0.85), frequency of nutrition tracking (r=0.64), number of times participants meditated (r=0.46), and total lessons read (r=0.36). The number of completed lessons was significantly related to frequency of physical activity tracking (r=0.40), frequency of nutrition tracking (r=0.43), the total number of times participants meditated (r=0.35), and total minutes exercised (r=0.33). Dividing the cohort into two groups based on lesson completion (<10 lessons completed vs ≥10 lessons completed), significant differences were observed between the total minutes exercised, frequency of physical activity tracking, frequency of nutrition tracking, and total number of times participants meditated (all P values <.01). Conclusions Overall, this cross-cultural feasibility study in Japanese users demonstrated that the various engagement metrics were significantly correlated, and greater engagement was related to improved nutrition scores and increased time exercising. In addition, the relationships between lesson completion and other engagement metrics suggest that there may be value in exploring mechanisms that enhance lesson completion. Future research should examine the program in randomized control trials to more rigorously evaluate program efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Glenn
- Neurotrack Technologies Inc, Redwood City, CA, United States.,Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | | | - Michelle Gray
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Nami Fuseya
- Neurotrack Technologies Inc, Redwood City, CA, United States
| | - Mari Ikeda
- Nipponkoa Himawari Life Insurance, Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Nick Thomas Bott
- Neurotrack Technologies Inc, Redwood City, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rashedi V, Foroughan M, Nazari H, Seeher K, Brodaty H. Validity and reliability of the Persian version of general practitioner assessment of cognition (P-GPCOG). Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:961-965. [PMID: 29781711 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1473840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to examine the validity, reliability, and practicality of the Persian version of the General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (P-GPCOG) as a brief, efficient cognitive assessment instrument in Iranian older adults. Method: The sample comprised 151 community-dwelling older adults and 79 nursing home residents (aged ≥60 years). The English GPCOG was translated, back-translated, and revised to prepare the final P-GPCOG. The Abbreviated Mental Test score (AMTs) and the Depression in Old Age Scale (DIA-S) were administered to the two different samples to establish the convergent and discriminant validity of the P-GPCOG. Results: The mean age of the sample was 70.67 (SD = 9.51); 57.4% were male. The mean P-GPCOG scores for the total, cognitive and informant subscales were 7.67 (SD = 4.59), 4.18 (SD = 2.73), and 3.49 (SD = 2.24), respectively. Cognitive (P < 0.001), informant (P < 0.001) and total scores (P < 0.001) differed significantly between community-dwelling participants and nursing home residents. Worse cognitive performance on the P-GPCOG correlated significantly with worse scores on the AMTs (r = 0.61, P < 0.001) and less so with depressive symptoms as measured with the DIA-S (r = -0.20, P < 0.05). Cronbach's alpha for the P-GPCOG cognitive and informant subscales were 0.90 and 0.83 respectively, indicating a high degree of internal consistency and homogeneity between items. The test-retest correlation for the total P-GPCOG score was 0.82 in 30 participants after 19 days. P-GPCOG cognitive scores correlated significantly with education. Conclusion: The P-GPCOG displayed strong psychometric properties, offering healthcare professionals a quick and efficient cognitive instrument for older Persian speakers. As with other cognitive assessment tools, the P-GPCOG cognitive score is affected by a person's level of education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Rashedi
- a Tehran Psychiatric Institute, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahshid Foroughan
- b Iranian Research Center On Aging , University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Heiman Nazari
- c Student Research Committee , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences & Health Services , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Katrin Seeher
- d Dementia Collaborative Research Centre , School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- d Dementia Collaborative Research Centre , School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,e Centre For Healthy Brain Ageing , School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jamieson A, Goodwill AM, Termine M, Campbell S, Szoeke C. Depression related cerebral pathology and its relationship with cognitive functioning: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2019; 250:410-418. [PMID: 30878653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression's relationship with cerebral abnormalities and cognitive decline is temporally dynamic. Despite clear clinical utility, understanding depression's effect on cerebral structures, cognitive impairment and the interaction between these symptoms has had limited consideration. METHODS This review summarised studies examining a clinical depression diagnosis or validated scales measuring depressive symptoms, data concerning amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels, brain structure and function focusing on hippocampal alterations, or white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and at least one validated neuropsychological test. Online database searches of: PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scopus were conducted to identify potential articles. RESULTS While depression was consistently associated with cross-sectionally cognitive decline across multiple domains, the neuropathological basis of this dysfunction remained unclear. Hippocampal, frontal, and limbic dysfunction as well as cortical thinning, WMH, and Aβ burden all provide inconsistent findings, likely due to depression subtypes. The consistency of these findings additionally decreases when examining this relationship longitudinally, as these results are further confounded by pre-dementia states. The therapeutic interventions examined were more efficacious in the younger compared with the older samples, who were characterised by greater WMH and Aβ burden. LIMITATIONS The limited number of longitudinal and interventional studies in addition to the heterogeneity of the samples restricts their generalisability. CONCLUSIONS Symptomatological differences between early-onset and late-onset depression (EOD and LOD) appear crucial in understanding whether late-life depression is the primary or secondary source of cerebral pathology. Though severe cognitive impairments and clearer neuropathological underpinnings are more characteristic of LOD than EOD, the inconsistency of valid biomarkers remains problematic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alec Jamieson
- Centre for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alicia M Goodwill
- Centre for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Healthy Brain Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mario Termine
- Centre for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Campbell
- Australian Healthy Ageing Organisation (AHAO), Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cassandra Szoeke
- Centre for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Healthy Brain Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Healthy Ageing Organisation (AHAO), Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bakouni H, Gentil L, Vasiliadis HM. Cognition and drug adherence to oral hypoglycemic and antihypertensive agents in older adults. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:891-899. [PMID: 31239647 PMCID: PMC6551588 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s195756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Chronic disorders such as diabetes mellitus type II and hypertension have been associated with cognitive decline in older adults. It is unclear whether adherence to antihypertensive and oral hypoglycemic agents impact cognitive health. The objectives are to study the association between adherence to antihypertensive and oral hypoglycemic agents and cognitive status in community-living older adults. Methods: We used data from a large representative sample of older adults (N=2,286) covered under a public drug insurance plan in Quebec and participating in Quebec's health survey on older adults (ESA-study) with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥22 at baseline (T1) and examined one year later (T2). Participants with hypertension and diabetes mellitus type II were identified according to criteria used in the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System. Antihypertensive and oral hypoglycemic prescriptions delivered were ascertained via Quebec's pharmaceutical database (RAMQ). Medication adherence was calculated using the medication possession ratio as a continuous variable in the year prior to and following baseline interview. Multivariate linear regressions were used to study the percentage change in MMSE scores between interviews (T1,T2) as a function of adherence to antihypertensive and oral hypoglycemic agents (before and after T1) controlling for potential confounders. Results: In participants with diabetes mellitus type II only, adherence to oral hypoglycemics was not associated with a change in MMSE scores. In participants with hypertension only, the change in MMSE scores was associated with adherence to antihypertensives (β 1.23; 95%CI: 0.29-2.17). In participants with comorbid hypertension and diabetes mellitus type II, the change in MMSE scores was associated with adherence to both antihypertensive and oral hypoglycemic agents (β 0.75; 95%CI: 0.01-1.48). Conclusions: Adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents and antihypertensive agents among older adults with hypertension and comorbid diabetes mellitus type II can have a preserving effect on cognitive health in older adults. Further research on the long-term impact on cognition is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Bakouni
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne – Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean sur les innovations en santé (CR-CSIS), Greenfield Park, Quebec, Canada
- Correspondence: Hamzah Bakouni Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne – Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean sur les innovations en santé (CR-CSIS), 150 Place Charles LeMoyne bureau 200, Longueuil, QCJ4K 0A8, CanadaEmail
| | - Lia Gentil
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne – Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean sur les innovations en santé (CR-CSIS), Greenfield Park, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Canet G, Chevallier N, Zussy C, Desrumaux C, Givalois L. Central Role of Glucocorticoid Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease and Depression. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:739. [PMID: 30459541 PMCID: PMC6232776 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the principal neurodegenerative pathology in the world displaying negative impacts on both the health and social ability of patients and inducing considerable economic costs. In the case of sporadic forms of AD (more than 95% of patients), even if mechanisms are unknown, some risk factors were identified. The principal risk is aging, but there is growing evidence that lifetime events like chronic stress or stress-related disorders may increase the probability to develop AD. This mini-review reinforces the rationale to consider major depressive disorder (MDD) as an important risk factor to develop AD and points the central role played by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, glucocorticoids (GC) and their receptors (GR) in the etiology of MDD and AD. Several strategies directly targeting GR were tested to neutralize the HPA axis dysregulation and GC overproduction. Given the ubiquitous expression of GR, antagonists have many undesired side effects, limiting their therapeutic potential. However, a new class of molecules was developed, highly selective and acting as modulators. They present the advantage to selectively abrogate pathogenic GR-dependent processes, while retaining beneficial aspects of GR signaling. In fact, these “selective GR modulators” induce a receptor conformation that allows activation of only a subset of downstream signaling pathways, explaining their capacity to combine agonistic and antagonistic properties. Thus, targeting GR with selective modulators, alone or in association with current strategies, becomes particularly attractive and relevant to develop novel preventive and/or therapeutic strategies to tackle disorders associated with a dysregulation of the HPA axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Canet
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia Laboratory, INSERM, U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Chevallier
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia Laboratory, INSERM, U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Charleine Zussy
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia Laboratory, INSERM, U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia Laboratory, INSERM, U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Givalois
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia Laboratory, INSERM, U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schultz IZ, Sepehry AA, Greer SC. Impact of Common Mental Health Disorders on Cognition: Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Forensic Neuropsychology Context. PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURY & LAW 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12207-018-9322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
27
|
Cohen CI, Murante T. A prospective analysis of the role of cognition in three models of aging and schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 196:22-28. [PMID: 28679478 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study uses longitudinal data from a sample of older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (OAS) to examine the role of cognition in 3 models of aging and schizophrenia-accelerated aging, paradoxical aging, and heterogeneity of course-and their clinical relevance. METHODS The sample consisted of 103 community-dwelling persons aged 55 and over (mean=61years) with early-onset schizophrenia. Mean follow-up was 52.5months (range: 12-116months); 55% were men; 55% were white. We identified 21 potential predictor variables and used the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) to assess cognition. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the DRS at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2). However, 20%, 22% and 58% of persons exhibited >0.5 effect size increase or decrease, or no change in their DRS scores, respectively; 19% were rapid decliners (>-2.11pts/year) and 19% were rapid improvers (>+2.11pts/year). In multivariable analysis, there were 3 predictors of higher DRS (T2): DRS (T1), decline in anxiety score, and race (white). CONCLUSIONS The heterogeneity model best characterized the trajectory of cognition in later life. The accelerated aging model did not represent typical cognitive trajectories since most individuals were stable or improved. The heterogeneous trajectories made it difficult to generalize about cognition's role in the paradoxical aging model. Despite the paucity of predictors, our findings suggested that it may be clinically productive to enlist remediation strategies that target anxiety and cognition, and direct more attention to non-white OAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl I Cohen
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States.
| | - Tessa Murante
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lam Nogueira BOC, Li L, Meng LR, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Chiu HFK, Kuok KCF, Tran L, Xiang YT. Clinical characteristics and quality of life of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. Psychogeriatrics 2018; 18:182-189. [PMID: 29409163 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the characteristics of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the quality of life (QOL) of older adults living in the community and nursing homes. METHODS A consecutive sample of 413 subjects (199 from the community; 214 from nursing homes) was recruited and interviewed using standardized instruments. Cognition was measured with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and QOL with the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. RESULTS Altogether 87 subjects (21.0%) had cognitive impairment. On multivariate analyses, advanced age (P < 0.001, OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.1) and depressive symptoms (P = 0.03, OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.005-1.1) were positively associated with cognitive impairment. Married marital status (P = 0.01, OR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-0.7) and higher education level (P < 0.001, OR = 0.1, 95%CI: 0.06-0.3) were negatively associated with cognitive impairment. After the confounders were controlled for, cognitive impairment was significantly associated with the lower psychological (F (11,412) = 6.3, P = 0.01) and social relationship domains of QOL (F (11,412) = 4.0, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment was found to be common in community-dwelling and nursing home resident older adults in Macao. Given cognitive impairment's negative impact on QOL, appropriate strategies should be implemented to improve access to treatment in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernice O C Lam Nogueira
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China.,Macao Sino-Portuguese Nurses Association, Macao, China
| | - Lu Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Li-Rong Meng
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia, Marian Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenny C F Kuok
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Linda Tran
- Macao Sino-Portuguese Nurses Association, Macao, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
O'Shea DM, Fieo R, Woods A, Williamson J, Porges E, Cohen R. Discrepancies between crystallized and fluid ability are associated with frequency of social and physical engagement in community dwelling older adults. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2018; 40:963-970. [PMID: 29569517 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1452195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age differences have been noted in the discrepancies between crystallized and fluid ability (Gc-Gf). Larger Gc-Gf discrepancies have also been shown to be associated with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and clinical severity. However, little is known regarding the relationship between Gc-Gf discrepancies in normal aging and functional outcomes. The aim of the present study was to examine this. METHOD Data from 104 adults (Mage = 71.70 years, SD = 9.016) were included in the present study. Measures from the NIH toolbox were used to form the discrepancy scores. Physical, cognitive, and social activities were identified using the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors activity questionnaire. Linear regression analyses, controlling for age, education, gender, health, and depressive symptoms, were used to examine the association between social, cognitive, and physical activities on Gc-Gf discrepancies. RESULTS Results showed that social and physical activity were significantly associated with greater discrepancies between crystallized and fluid ability, independent of covariates. There was no association between cognitive activity and Gc-Gf discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS Larger discrepancies between crystallized and fluid ability are related to frequency of social and physical activity. The findings support previous research that discrepancy scores may serve as a marker of cognitive decline. In more highly educated older individuals, Gc-Gf discrepancies may be a more accurate indicator of actual cognitive status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre M O'Shea
- a Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Robert Fieo
- a Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Adam Woods
- a Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - John Williamson
- a Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Eric Porges
- a Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Ron Cohen
- a Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumar RG, Gao S, Juengst SB, Wagner AK, Fabio A. The effects of post-traumatic depression on cognition, pain, fatigue, and headache after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury: a thematic review. Brain Inj 2018; 32:383-394. [PMID: 29355429 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1427888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic depression (PTD) is one of the most common secondary complications to develop after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, it rarely manifests singularly, and often co-occurs with other common TBI impairments. OBJECTIVE The objective of this thematic review is to evaluate studies examining the relationships between PTD and cognition, fatigue, pain, and headache among individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI. RESULTS We reviewed 16 studies examining the relationship between PTD and cognition (five articles), fatigue (five articles), pain (four articles), and headache (two articles). Two studies failed to identify the significant associations between PTD and neuropsychological test performance, while one study found a positive association. Two other studies found that early PTD was associated with later executive dysfunction. Studies on fatigue suggest it is a cause, not consequence, of PTD. Individuals with PTD tended to report more pain than those without PTD. Studies examining relationships between PTD and post-traumatic headache were equivocal. CONCLUSIONS Studies evaluating the effects of PTD on common TBI impairments have yielded mixed results. Evidence suggests PTD precedes the development of executive dysfunction, and a strong link exists between fatigue and PTD, with fatigue preceding PTD. Future prospective studies evaluating PTD relationships to pain and headache are warranted to elucidate causality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G Kumar
- a Department of Epidemiology , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - S Gao
- a Department of Epidemiology , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - S B Juengst
- c Department of Rehabilitation Counseling , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas TX , USA
| | - A K Wagner
- b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,d Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Center for Neuroscience, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - A Fabio
- a Department of Epidemiology , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jonsdottir IH, Nordlund A, Ellbin S, Ljung T, Glise K, Währborg P, Sjörs A, Wallin A. Working memory and attention are still impaired after three years in patients with stress-related exhaustion. Scand J Psychol 2017; 58:504-509. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arto Nordlund
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology; University of Gothenburg; Mölndal Sweden
| | | | - Thomas Ljung
- Mid Sweden University and Jämtland County Council; Östersund Sweden
| | | | - Peter Währborg
- Institute of Medicine; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Sjörs
- Institute of Stress Medicine; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anders Wallin
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology; University of Gothenburg; Mölndal Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
AnkG hemizygous mice present cognitive impairment and elevated anxiety/depressive-like traits associated with decreased expression of GABA receptors and postsynaptic density protein. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:3375-3390. [PMID: 28821923 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of patient populations and genetic linkage assessments have demonstrated that the ankyrin-G (AnkG) gene is involved in neuropsychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease, but it remains unclear how the genetic variants of AnkG contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we generated AnkG hemizygous mice using the gene trapping approach. Homozygous AnkG was embryonically lethal. Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assessments of wild type (WT) and AnkG +/- mutant mice demonstrated a 50% reduction of ANKG levels, at the gene and protein levels, in AnkG hemizygous mice. In behavioral tests, AnkG hemizygous mice exhibited elevated anxiety- and depression-like traits, as well as cognitive impairment. Moreover, the expression levels of cognitive-related proteins (including metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype-1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, postsynaptic density-95, GABA-B receptor, and GABA-A receptor alpha-1) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), suggesting a possible role for AnkG in cognition. It is possible that the loss of AnkG in the brain disrupts the excitation/inhibition balance of neurotransmitters, hindering the synaptic plasticity of neurons, and consequently leading to abnormal behavioral symptoms. Therefore, AnkG possibly contributes to neuroprotection and normal brain function, and may constitute a new target for treating neuropsychiatric diseases, especially cognitive dysfunction.
Collapse
|
33
|
de Knegt NC, Lobbezoo F, Schuengel C, Evenhuis HM, Scherder EJA. Pain and Cognitive Functioning in Adults with Down Syndrome. PAIN MEDICINE 2017; 18:1264-1277. [PMID: 28034975 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to examine whether cognitive functioning (i.e., memory and executive functioning) is related to self-reported presence of pain (i.e., affirmative answer to the question whether the individual feels pain) and experience of pain (i.e., intensity and affect) in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Design, Setting, and Subjects Cross-sectional study of 224 adults with DS (mean age = 38.1 years, mild-severe intellectual disabilities) in the Netherlands. Methods File-based medical information was evaluated. Self-reported presence and experience of pain were assessed during a test session, both in rest and after movement (affect with the facial affective scale [FAS], intensity with the numeric rating scale [NRS]). Neuropsychological tests for memory and executive functioning were used. Results Participants with lower memory scores were more likely to report the presence of pain, while controlling for age, gender, physical conditions that may cause pain, language comprehension, and vocabulary ( p = .030, 58.4% classification rate, N = 154). No statistically significant associations were found between executive functioning and self-reported presence of pain or between cognitive functioning and self-reported pain experience. Conclusions Memory seems to be related to the self-reported presence of pain in adults with DS after explicit inquiry, although the clinical use of this model is yet limited. Therefore, further research is needed for insight into the role of cognitive processes in self-report (e.g., involving aspects such as acquiescence and repeated measurements) to evaluate whether neuropsychological examination could contribute to pain assessment in DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanda C de Knegt
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam.,Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlo Schuengel
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies.,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen M Evenhuis
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik J A Scherder
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wall KJ, Cumming TB, Copland DA. Determining the Association between Language and Cognitive Tests in Poststroke Aphasia. Front Neurol 2017; 8:149. [PMID: 28529495 PMCID: PMC5418218 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with aphasia are often excluded from studies exploring poststroke cognition because so many of the standard cognitive assessments rely on language ability. Our primary objective was to examine the association between performance on cognitive tests and performance on comprehension and naming tests in poststroke aphasia. Second, we aimed to determine the association between language performance and a real-life measure of cognition (Kettle Test). Third, we explored the feasibility of administering cognitive tests in aphasia. METHODS Thirty-six participants with poststroke aphasia and 32 controls were assessed on a battery of pen-and-paper cognitive tests recommended in stroke. Auditory comprehension was measured using the Comprehensive Aphasia Test and naming was measured using the Boston Naming Test. Twenty-two community dwelling participants with aphasia and controls were also asked to complete the Kettle Test. Multiple linear regressions were used to explore the relationship between language performance and performance on the cognitive tests. Feasibility was determined by quantifying missing data. RESULTS The cognitive tests with the highest variance accounted for by auditory comprehension and naming were animal fluency (R2 = 0.67, R2 = 0.78) and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (recognition discrimination index) (R2 = 0.65, R2 = 0.78). All cognitive tests were significantly associated with auditory comprehension and naming, except for the Star Cancellation Test and the Kettle Test. Thirty-three percent of participants with aphasia were unable to complete all the cognitive tests. CONCLUSION Language and non-linguistic cognitive processes are often interrelated. Most pen-and-paper cognitive tests were significantly associated with both auditory comprehension and naming, even in tests that do not require a verbal response. Language performance was not significantly associated with a real-life cognitive performance measure. Task instructions, stimuli, and responses for completion need to be tailored for individuals with aphasia to minimize the influence of language deficits when testing non-linguistic cognitive performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie J. Wall
- Centre for Clinical Research, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Toby B. Cumming
- The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David A. Copland
- Centre for Clinical Research, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wall KJ, Cumming TB, Koenig ST, Pelecanos AM, Copland DA. Using technology to overcome the language barrier: the Cognitive Assessment for Aphasia App. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 40:1333-1344. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1294210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Janine Wall
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Toby Borland Cumming
- The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - David Andrew Copland
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chan W, Smith LE, Greenberg JS, Hong J, Mailick MR. Executive Functioning Mediates the Effect of Behavioral Problems on Depression in Mothers of Children With Developmental Disabilities. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 122:11-24. [PMID: 28095060 PMCID: PMC5303617 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-122.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation explored long-term relationships of behavioral symptoms of adolescents and adults with developmental disabilities with the mental health of their mothers. Fragile X premutation carrier mothers of an adolescent or adult child with fragile X syndrome (n = 95), and mothers of a grown child with autism (n = 213) were included. Behavioral symptoms at Time 1 were hypothesized to predict maternal depressive symptoms at Time 3 via maternal executive dysfunction at Time 2. Results provided support for the mediating pathway of executive dysfunction. Additionally, the association of behavioral symptoms with executive dysfunction differed across the two groups, suggesting that premutation carriers may be more susceptible to caregiving stress due to their genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Chan
- Wai Chan, Leann E. Smith, Jan S. Greenberg, Jinkuk Hong, and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Waisman Center
| | - Leann E Smith
- Wai Chan, Leann E. Smith, Jan S. Greenberg, Jinkuk Hong, and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Waisman Center
| | - Jan S Greenberg
- Wai Chan, Leann E. Smith, Jan S. Greenberg, Jinkuk Hong, and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Waisman Center
| | - Jinkuk Hong
- Wai Chan, Leann E. Smith, Jan S. Greenberg, Jinkuk Hong, and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Waisman Center
| | - Marsha R Mailick
- Wai Chan, Leann E. Smith, Jan S. Greenberg, Jinkuk Hong, and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Waisman Center
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Metzger FG, Hobert MA, Ehlis AC, Hasmann SE, Hahn T, Eschweiler GW, Berg D, Fallgatter AJ, Maetzler W. Dual Tasking for the Differentiation between Depression and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:235. [PMID: 27790136 PMCID: PMC5062919 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of mild cognitive impairment from depression in elderly adults is a clinically relevant issue which is not sufficiently solved. Gait and dual task (DT) parameters may have the potential to complement current diagnostic work-up, as both dementia and depression are associated with changes of gait and DT parameters. METHODS Seven hundred and four participants of the TREND study (Tübinger evaluation of Risk factors for Early detection of NeuroDegeneration) aged 50-80 years were assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Plus test battery for testing cognition and Beck's Depression Inventory for evaluation of depression. Based on these results, four groups were defined: acute depressed (N = 53), cognitively mildly impaired (N = 97), acute depressed, and cognitively mildly impaired (N = 15), and controls (N = 536). Participants underwent a 20 m walk and checking boxes task under single (ST) and DT conditions. ST and DT performance and dual task costs (DTC) were calculated. Due to the typical age of increasing incidence of depressive and also cognitive symptoms, the 7th decade was calculated separately. RESULTS ST speeds of gait and checking boxes, DT walking speed, and walking DTC were significantly different between groups. Healthy controls were the fastest in all paradigms and cognitively mildly impaired had higher DTC than depressed individuals. Additionally, we constructed a multivariate predictive model differentiating the groups on a single-subject level. CONCLUSION DT parameters are simply and comfortably measureable, and DTC can easily be determined. The combination of these parameters allows a differentiation of depressed and cognitively mildly impaired elderly adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian G Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; Center for Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus A Hobert
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sandra E Hasmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute of Psychology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerhard W Eschweiler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; Center for Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Campus KielKiel, Germany
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Center for Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Hospital of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rashedi V, Rezaei M, Foroughan M, Delbari A. Validity and reliability of the depression in old age scale (DIA-S) in Iranian older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2016; 66:193-7. [PMID: 27351463 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Rashedi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rezaei
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahshid Foroughan
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmad Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
de Knegt NC, Schuengel C, Evenhuis HM, Lobbezoo F, Scherder EJA. Apolipoprotein E ɛ4, Cognitive Function, and Pain Experience in Down Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016; 31:389-400. [PMID: 27193365 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The presence of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ɛ4 allele might be related to higher pain experience due to increased risk for potentially painful physical conditions and cognitive impairment (less efficient coping with pain). This hypothesis is clinically relevant to examine in adults with Down syndrome (DS) because they are at risk for painful physical conditions, their presence of ApoE ε4 is related to cognitive impairment, and their pain experience is unclear. The present pilot study addressed the associations between ApoE genotype, cognition, and pain in DS. METHOD DNA analysis of saliva, neuropsychological tests (assessing memory and executive functioning), and self-reporting pain scales (in rest and after movement) were used with a cross-sectional design in 146 adults with DS (mean age 39.1 years, mild to moderate intellectual disabilities, 46% men, 30% ApoE ɛ4 carrier). RESULTS The difference between ApoE ɛ4 carriers and noncarriers was not statistically significant for cognitive function, pain experience, and prevalence of potentially painful conditions. Among ɛ4 carriers, the presence of potentially painful conditions was associated with worse executive functioning (p = .022, r = .39). CONCLUSIONS The clinical implication of the results is that ApoE ɛ4 in DS may play a role in pain, although the theoretical explanation via associations with pain experience and cognition remains unclear. Further research should include a large sample of adults with DS selected on diagnosed painful conditions to obtain more insight into the possible role of ApoE genotype (and its association with cognition) in the pain experience of this target group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanda C de Knegt
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Schuengel
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, VU University, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen M Evenhuis
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J A Scherder
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ghoneim MM, O’Hara MW. Depression and postoperative complications: an overview. BMC Surg 2016; 16:5. [PMID: 26830195 PMCID: PMC4736276 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-016-0120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of depression and anesthesia and surgery may result in significant increases in morbidity and mortality of patients. Major depressive disorder is a frequent complication of surgery, which may lead to further morbidity and mortality. LITERATURE SEARCH Several electronic data bases, including PubMed, were searched pairing "depression" with surgery, postoperative complications, postoperative cognitive impairment, cognition disorder, intensive care unit, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE The suppression of the immune system in depressive disorders may expose the patients to increased rates of postoperative infections and increased mortality from cancer. Depression is commonly associated with cognitive impairment, which may be exacerbated postoperatively. There is evidence that acute postoperative pain causes depression and depression lowers the threshold for pain. Depression is also a strong predictor and correlate of chronic post-surgical pain. Many studies have identified depression as an independent risk factor for development of postoperative delirium, which may be a cause for a long and incomplete recovery after surgery. Depression is also frequent in intensive care unit patients and is associated with a lower health-related quality of life and increased mortality. Depression and anxiety have been widely reported soon after coronary artery bypass surgery and remain evident one year after surgery. They may increase the likelihood for new coronary artery events, further hospitalizations and increased mortality. Morbidly obese patients who undergo bariatric surgery have an increased risk of depression. Postoperative depression may also be associated with less weight loss at one year and longer. The extent of preoperative depression in patients scheduled for lumbar discectomy is a predictor of functional outcome and patient's dissatisfaction, especially after revision surgery. General postoperative mortality is increased. CONCLUSIONS Depression is a frequent cause of morbidity in surgery patients suffering from a wide range of conditions. Depression may be identified through the use of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or similar instruments. Counseling interventions may be useful in ameliorating depression, but should be subject to clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Ghoneim
- />Department of Anesthesia – 6JCP, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Michael W. O’Hara
- />Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Olsen K, Howel D, Barber R, Ford GA, Gallagher P, McAllister-Williams RH, Nilsson J, O’Brien J, Parker J, Thomas A. Lessons from a pilot and feasibility randomised trial in depression (Blood pressure Rapid Intensive Lowering And Normal Treatment for Mood and cognition in persistent depression (BRILiANT mood study)). Pilot Feasibility Stud 2015; 1:44. [PMID: 27965822 PMCID: PMC5154019 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-015-0042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blood pressure rapid intensive lowering and normal treatment for mood and cognition in persistent depression (BRILiANT mood study) was devised as a pilot study to investigate the feasibility and safety of intensive blood pressure lowering as treatment for persistent mood and cognitive symptoms in older adults with major depressive disorder and to assess the availability of this population for recruitment. In addition, the relationship between reduced blood pressure and the change in cerebral blood flow and mood was to be investigated. METHODS A single centre pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT), with two parallel groups of intensive or normal treatment for hypertension, recruiting from primary and secondary care and newspaper advert, with an aim of recruiting 66 participants, was observed in this study. At the end of the recruitment period, in order to explore the reasons for failure to recruit to target, surveys were developed and issued to those involved in recruitment. RESULTS Recruitment rates were lower than expected which led to the study being expanded to further areas and opened to self-referral via advertisement. However, because of better management of hypertension due to changes in the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework guidelines for blood pressure treatment, few eligible patients were identified and the study closed at the end of the recruitment period, with 13 participants consenting, but 12 failing screening resulting in one recruited participant. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the BRILiANT mood study was found not to be feasible, and results suggest that the expected patient population no longer exists. To overcome such recruitment difficulties, a prompt commencement of a study after funding so no relevant care changes occur might help prevent similar problems in future studies. In addition, self-referral, in this case via advertisement in papers, may be a useful tool to increase response rate. When recruiting in primary care, direct access to primary care databases, in a secure and anonymised way, may enable more effective screening. Ultimately, the BRILiANT mood study was shown not to be feasible; this was a useful conclusion from this pilot study. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN 64524251; UKCRN Portfolio No: 13284.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Olsen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL UK
| | - Denise Howel
- Institute of Health & Society, Baddiley-Clark Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX UK
| | - Robert Barber
- Northumberland, Tyne & Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Older Peoples Mental Health Services, Centre for the Health of the Elderly, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE UK
| | - Gary A. Ford
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PL UK
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience & Newcastle Institute for Ageing, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Plane, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - R. Hamish McAllister-Williams
- Institute of Neuroscience & Northumberland, Tyne & Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Academic Psychiatry, Wolfson Research Centre, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE5 4LP UK
| | - Jonna Nilsson
- Aging Research Centre, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Gävlegatan 16, SE-113 30 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John O’Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Level E4, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 189, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Jennie Parker
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, 1-4 Claremont Terrace, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AE UK
| | - Alan Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience & Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Brewster GS, Varrasse M, Rowe M. Sleep and Cognition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Review of Literature. Healthcare (Basel) 2015; 3:1243-70. [PMID: 27066397 PMCID: PMC4822499 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare3041243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in sleep and cognition occur with advancing age. While both may occur independently of each other, it is possible that alterations in sleep parameters may increase the risk of age-related cognitive changes. This review aimed to understand the relationship between sleep parameters (sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, sleep duration, general sleep complaints) and cognition in community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older without sleep disorders. Systematic, computer-aided searches were conducted using multiple sleep and cognition-related search terms in PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. Twenty-nine manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. Results suggest an inconsistent relationship between sleep parameters and cognition in older adults and modifiers such as depressive symptoms, undiagnosed sleep apnea and other medical conditions may influence their association. Measures of sleep and cognition were heterogeneous. Future studies should aim to further clarify the association between sleep parameters and cognitive domains by simultaneously using both objective and subjective measures of sleep parameters. Identifying which sleep parameters to target may lead to the development of novel targets for interventions and reduce the risk of cognitive changes with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glenna S. Brewster
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC Box 22, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; E-Mail:
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3624 Market Street, Suite 205, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Miranda Varrasse
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Claire M. Fagin Hall, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Meredeth Rowe
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC Box 22, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Naudé PJW, den Boer JA, Comijs HC, Bosker FJ, Zuidersma M, Groenewold NA, De Deyn PP, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM, Oude Voshaar RC. Sex-specific associations between Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and cognitive domains in late-life depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 48:169-77. [PMID: 25019974 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is well established that late-life depression is associated with both systemic low-graded inflammation and cognitive impairment, the relation between inflammation and cognition in depressed older persons is still equivocal. The objective of this study is to examine the association between plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) concentrations and cognitive functioning in late-life depression, including the potentially moderating role of sex. METHODS A total of 369 depressed older persons (≥60 years) from The Netherlands study of Depression in Older persons (NESDO) were included. Four cognitive domains, i.e. verbal memory, processing speed, interference control and attention were assessed with three cognitive tests (Stroop test, Wais Digit span test, and Rey's verbal learning test). Multiple linear regression analyses were applied with the four cognitive domains as dependent variables adjusted for confounders. RESULTS The association between NGAL levels and specific cognitive domains were sex-specific. In women, higher NGAL levels were associated with impaired verbal memory and lower processing speed. In men, higher NGAL levels were associated with worse interference control. Higher NGAL levels were not associated with attention. No sex-specific associations of either high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) with cognitive functioning were found. CONCLUSION This study shows sex-specific association of NGAL with cognitive functioning in late-life depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - J A den Boer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H C Comijs
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F J Bosker
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Zuidersma
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - N A Groenewold
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, ZNA and Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia and Biobank Antwerp, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - P G M Luiten
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R C Oude Voshaar
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hanganu A, Degroot C, Monchi O, Bedetti C, Mejia-Constain B, Lafontaine AL, Chouinard S, Bruneau MA. Influence of depressive symptoms on dopaminergic treatment of Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2014; 5:188. [PMID: 25309508 PMCID: PMC4174860 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depressive symptoms are very common in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and have a significant impact on the quality of life. Dopaminergic medication has been shown to have an influence on the development of depressive symptoms. Materials and methods: The present study analyzed two groups of non-demented patients with PD, with and without depressive symptoms, and reported the correlations between antiparkinsonian medication [specifically levodopa (l-DOPA) and dopaminergic agonists] with depressive symptoms. Results: A strong statistically significant positive correlation between l-DOPA dosages and the level of depressive symptoms has been revealed, suggesting that higher l-DOPA dosages correlate with a worsening of depressive status. No significant correlation was found with dopamine agonists. Discussion: The results of this study show that in patients with PD, higher l-DOPA dosages correlate with worse depressive symptoms. From this point of view, PD patients need to be better diagnosed with respect to depressive symptoms and need additional treatment adjustment when clinical manifestations of depression are present. Clinicians must be aware that dopaminergic drugs are not sufficient to alleviate depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Hanganu
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Clotilde Degroot
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Oury Monchi
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada ; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Christophe Bedetti
- Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil, Hôpital du Sacré Coeur de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Béatriz Mejia-Constain
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Anne-Louise Lafontaine
- Movement Disorders Unit, McGill University Health Center , Montreal, QC , Canada ; Department of Neurology, Montreal Neurological Hospital , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Sylvain Chouinard
- Unité des troubles du mouvement André Barbeau, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Marie-Andrée Bruneau
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wolinsky FD, Vander Weg MW, Howren MB, Jones MP, Dotson MM. The effect of cognitive speed of processing training on the development of additional IADL difficulties and the reduction of depressive symptoms: results from the IHAMS randomized controlled trial. J Aging Health 2014; 27:334-54. [PMID: 25239928 DOI: 10.1177/0898264314550715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of cognitive speed of processing training (SOPT) on the development of additional Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) difficulties and the reduction of depressive symptoms in the Iowa Healthy and Active Minds Study (IHAMS). METHOD Six hundred eighty-one patients were randomized to 4 groups: 10 hr of on-site SOPT, 10 hr of on-site SOPT plus 4 hr of boosters, 10 hr of at-home SOPT, or 10 hr of on-site attention-control (crossword puzzles). Developing additional difficulties with IADLs and reductions in depressive symptoms 1 year later were evaluated using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The on-site SOPT with boosters group had reduced odds of developing additional difficulties with IADLs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.45, p = .044) compared with attention-controls. The on-site SOPT with boosters group also had increased odds of reduced depressive symptom levels (AOR = 2.93, p = .003) compared with attention-controls. DISCUSSION These findings provide evidence that SOPT transfers beyond the cognitive skills trained to meaningful downstream improvements in the lives of middle-aged and older adults.
Collapse
|
46
|
Korten NCM, Sliwinski MJ, Comijs HC, Smyth JM. Mediators of the relationship between life events and memory functioning in a community sample of adults. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 28:626-633. [PMID: 25729155 DOI: 10.1002/acp.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the association of frequency and severity of life events with memory functioning in a community sample of adults. We tested the hypothesis that stress-related cognitive interference mediated the effects of recent life events on cognition, in addition to examining the potential roles of fatigue, sleep disturbances, and depression. The sample consisted of 310 adults (age range 19-83) who received a battery of cognitive tests assessing their primary memory, episodic memory, and working memory. Individuals rated how stressful previous life events were when they occurred, as well as how stressful the events were for them currently. Ratings of current, but not past severity were negatively associated with working memory performance. Both stress-related cognitive interference and depressive symptoms independently mediated this association. These findings highlight the importance of intrusive and avoidant thinking as a potential focus of psychosocial treatment for remediating stress-related memory dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C M Korten
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, and the Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Hannie C Comijs
- Department of Psychiatry and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua M Smyth
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA ; Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-life depression is a heterogeneous disorder, whereby cognitive impairments are often observed. This study examines which clinical characteristics and symptom dimensions of late-life depression are especially impacting on specific cognitive domains. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 378 depressed and 132 non-depressed older adults between 60-93 years, from the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older adults (NESDO) were used. Depressed older adults were recruited from both inpatient and outpatient mental healthcare institutes and general practices, and diagnosed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Multivariable associations were examined with depression characteristics (severity, onset, comorbidity, psychotropic medication) and symptom dimensions as independent variables and cognitive domains (episodic memory, processing speed, interference control, working memory) as dependent variables. RESULTS Late-life depression was associated with poorer cognitive functioning. Within depressed participants, higher severity of psychopathology and having a first depressive episode was associated with poorer cognitive functioning. The use of tricyclic antidepressants, serotonergic and noradrenergic working antidepressants, and benzodiazepines was associated with worse cognitive functioning. Higher scores on the mood dimension were associated with poorer working memory and processing speed, whereas higher scores on a motivational and apathy dimension were associated with poorer episodic memory and processing speed. CONCLUSIONS Heterogeneity in late-life depression may lead to differences in cognitive functioning. Higher severity and having a first depressive episode was associated with worse cognitive performance. Additionally, different domains of cognitive functioning were associated with specific symptom dimensions. Our findings on the use of psychotropic medication suggest that close monitoring on cognitive side effects is needed.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bennett S, Thomas AJ. Depression and dementia: cause, consequence or coincidence? Maturitas 2014; 79:184-90. [PMID: 24931304 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between depression and dementia is complex and still not well understood. A number of different views exist regarding how the two conditions are linked as well as the underlying neurobiological mechanisms at work. This narrative review examined longitudinal and cross sectional studies in the existing literature and determined the evidence supporting depression being a risk factor, a prodrome, a consequence, or an independent comorbidity in dementia. Overall there is convincing evidence to support both the notion that early life depression can act as a risk factor for later life dementia, and that later life depression can be seen as a prodrome to dementia. There is also evidence to support both conditions showing similar neurobiological changes, particularly white matter disease, either indicating shared risk factors or a shared pattern of neuronal damage. These findings highlight the need to examine if effective treatment of depressive episodes has any effect in reducing the prevalence of dementia, as well as clinicians being vigilant for late life depression indicating the incipient development of dementia, and therefore carefully following up these individuals for future cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Bennett
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Benjamin P, Lawrence AJ, Lambert C, Patel B, Chung AW, MacKinnon AD, Morris RG, Barrick TR, Markus HS. Strategic lacunes and their relationship to cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 4:828-37. [PMID: 24936433 PMCID: PMC4055894 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Lacunes are an important disease feature of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) but their relationship to cognitive impairment is not fully understood. To investigate this we determined (1) the relationship between lacune count and total lacune volume with cognition, (2) the spatial distribution of lacunes and the cognitive impact of lacune location, and (3) the whole brain anatomical covariance associated with these strategically located regions of lacune damage. Methods One hundred and twenty one patients with symptomatic lacunar stroke and radiological leukoaraiosis were recruited and multimodal MRI and neuropsychological data acquired. Lacunes were mapped semi-automatically and their volume calculated. Lacune location was automatically determined by projection onto atlases, including an atlas which segments the thalamus based on its connectivity to the cortex. Lacune locations were correlated with neuropsychological results. Voxel based morphometry was used to create anatomical covariance maps for these ‘strategic’ regions. Results Lacune number and lacune volume were positively associated with worse executive function (number p < 0.001; volume p < 0.001) and processing speed (number p < 0.001; volume p < 0.001). Thalamic lacunes, particularly those in regions with connectivity to the prefrontal cortex, were associated with impaired processing speed (Bonferroni corrected p = 0.016). Regions of associated anatomical covariance included the medial prefrontal, orbitofrontal, anterior insular cortex and the striatum. Conclusion Lacunes are important predictors of cognitive impairment in SVD. We highlight the importance of spatial distribution, particularly of anteromedial thalamic lacunes which are associated with impaired information processing speed and may mediate cognitive impairment via disruption of connectivity to the prefrontal cortex. Lacunes are a predictor of cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease Lacunes in the anteromedial thalamus are associated with impaired processing speed This region was identified to have connectivity to the prefrontal cortex We validate this finding with the help of a structural covariance analysis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Benjamin
- Neurosciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, UK
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Bhavini Patel
- Neurosciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, UK
| | - Ai Wern Chung
- Neurosciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, UK
| | - Andrew D MacKinnon
- Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's NHS Healthcare Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Thomas R Barrick
- Neurosciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, UK
| | - Hugh S Markus
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pantzar A, Laukka EJ, Atti AR, Fastbom J, Fratiglioni L, Bäckman L. Cognitive deficits in unipolar old-age depression: a population-based study. Psychol Med 2014; 44:937-947. [PMID: 23842200 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291713001736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is substantial variability in the degree of cognitive impairment among older depressed persons. Inconsistencies in previous findings may be due to differences in clinical and demographic characteristics across study samples. We assessed the influence of unipolar depression and severity of depression on cognitive performance in a population-based sample of elderly persons aged ⩾60 years. METHOD Eighty-nine persons fulfilled ICD-10 criteria for unipolar depression (mild, n = 48; moderate, n = 38; severe, n = 3) after thorough screening for dementia (DSM-IV criteria), psychiatric co-morbidities and antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Participants (n = 2486) were administered an extensive cognitive test battery. RESULTS Moderate/severe unipolar depression was associated with poorer performance on tasks assessing processing speed, attention, executive function, verbal fluency, episodic memory and vocabulary. Mild depression was associated with poorer performance in processing speed, and few differences between mild and moderate/severe depression were observed. No association between depression and short-term memory, general knowledge or spatial ability was observed. Increasing age did not exacerbate the depression-related cognitive deficits, and the deficits remained largely unchanged after excluding persons in a preclinical phase of dementia. Furthermore, depression-related cognitive deficits were not associated with other pharmacological treatments that may affect cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive deficits in unipolar old-age depression involve a range of domains and the cognitive deficits seem to follow the spectrum of depression severity. The finding that mild depression was also associated with poorer cognitive functioning underscores the importance of detecting mild depression in elderly persons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Pantzar
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E J Laukka
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A R Atti
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Fastbom
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|