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Ochieng WA, Muthui SW, Xian L, Linda EL, Kombe CA, Uwiragiye J, Gituru RW, Gichua MK, Liu F. Mechanisms of ammonium detoxification in submerged macrophytes under shade conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175795. [PMID: 39187089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Excessive ammonium disrupts the biological and physical characteristics of aquatic freshwater ecosystems, causing nutrient imbalances and toxicity. Different macrophytes exhibit varying tolerance levels to ammonium stress, influenced by species-specific adaptations. However, eutrophic water bodies not only have high nutrient loads but also exhibit low light transparency, necessitating an understanding of how submerged macrophytes cope with both high ammonium concentrations and low light conditions. In this study, we explored the tolerance of submerged macrophytes under these challenging conditions by testing various ammonium concentrations and light intensities. Our findings reveal that Myriophyllum spicatum demonstrates high ammonium tolerance under both optimal and low light intensities. Specifically, under optimal light, the primary ammonium assimilation pathway is catalyzed by NADH-GDH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-dependent Glutamate Dehydrogenase), with its activity increasing 4-fold at 50 mg L-1 [NH4+-N] compared to the control. Conversely, under low light intensity, the GS (Glutamine Synthetase)-catalyzed pathway becomes predominant, with GS activity rising 3-fold at 50 mg L-1 [NH4+-N] compared to the control. These results provide new insights into the adaptive mechanisms of M. spicatum, highlighting its flexible strategies for ammonium assimilation and its potential application in water restoration efforts. This study offers valuable information on the enzymatic pathways involved in ammonium detoxification, which is essential for developing effective strategies to manage and restore eutrophic aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyckliffe Ayoma Ochieng
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Samuel Wamburu Muthui
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ling Xian
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Elive Limunga Linda
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Clarice Amani Kombe
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jeannette Uwiragiye
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Robert Wahiti Gituru
- Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Moses Kirega Gichua
- Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Fan Liu
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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Zhong A, Wang D, Gong F, Zhu W, Fu D, Zheng Z, Huang J, He X, Bai Y. Remote sensing estimates of global sea surface nitrate: Methodology and validation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175362. [PMID: 39117199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Information about sea surface nitrate (SSN) concentrations is crucial for estimating oceanic new productivity and for carbon cycle studies. Due to the absence of optical properties in SSN and the intricate relationships with environmental factors affecting spatiotemporal dynamics, developing a more representative and widely applicable remote sensing inversion algorithm for SSN is challenging. Most methods for the remote estimation of SSN are based on data-driven neural networks or deep learning and lack mechanistic descriptions. Since fitting functions between the SSN and sea surface temperature (SST), mixed layer depth (MLD), and chlorophyll (Chl) content have been established for the open ocean, it is important to include the remote sensing indicator photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), which is critical in nitrate biogeochemical processes. In this study, we employed an algorithm for estimating the monthly average SSN on a global 1° by 1° resolution grid; this algorithm relies on the empirical relationship between the World Ocean Atlas 2018 (WOA18) monthly interpolated climatology of nitrate in each 1° × 1° grid and the estimated monthly SST and PAR datasets from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and MLD from the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). These results indicated that PAR potentially affects SSN. Furthermore, validation of the SSN model with measured nitrate data from different months and locations for the years 2018-2023 yielded a high prediction accuracy (N = 12,846, R2 = 0.93, root mean square difference (RMSE) = 3.12 μmol/L, and mean absolute error (MAE) = 2.22 μmol/L). Further independent validation and sensitivity tests demonstrated the validity of the algorithm for retrieving SSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifen Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Difeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; Daya Bay Observation and Research Station of Marine Risks and Hazards, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Fang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; Daya Bay Observation and Research Station of Marine Risks and Hazards, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Dongyang Fu
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Zhuoqi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China; Geography and Ocean Science College, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China; Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Xianqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Yan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou 310012, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
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Li Z, Luk HC, Arromrak BS, Gaitan-Espitia JD. Nitrogen source and availability regulate plastic population dynamics in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 202:106733. [PMID: 39255628 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Variation in nitrogen (N) availability significantly influences population dynamics and the productivity of marine phytoplankton. As N availability in the ocean is conditioned by the N source, it is important to understand the capacity of phytoplankton organisms to adjust their physiology and dynamics under different N conditions. We investigated the growth dynamics of Thalassiosira weissflogii, a coastal diatom, in response to different N sources (Nitrate, NO3-; Ammonium, NH4+; urea, CH4N2O) and availabilities (45 and 5 μM). Our findings demonstrate that T. weissflogii can display plastic adjustments in population dynamics to different N sources. These responses evidenced a greater preference for NH4+ and urea than NO3-, particularly under high N availability. The relative growth rate (μ) is higher (1.18 ± 0.01) under NH4+-high treatment compared to NO3--high (1.01 ± 0.01). The carrying capacity (K) varied only among concentrations, indicating equal N utilization efficiency for biomass production. No effects of N source were detected under the low concentration, suggesting that the preference for NH₄⁺ and urea was diminished by limited nitrogen supply due to potential interactions. These results provide valuable insights into the physiological flexibility of T. weissflogii to varying N conditions, shedding light on the ecological success and resilience of this species in highly variable coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Hau Ching Luk
- The Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Bovern Suchart Arromrak
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Juan Diego Gaitan-Espitia
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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4
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Farias L, de la Maza L. Understanding the impacts of coastal deoxygenation in nitrogen dynamics: an observational analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11826. [PMID: 38783066 PMCID: PMC11116492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62186-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological production and outgassing of greenhouse gasses (GHG) in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) are vital for fishing productivity and climate regulation. This study examines temporal variability of biogeochemical and oceanographic variables, focusing on dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, nitrogen deficit (N deficit), nitrous oxide (N2O) and air-sea N2O flux. This analysis is based on monthly observations from 2000 to 2023 in a region of intense seasonal coastal upwelling off central Chile (36°S). Strong correlations are estimated among N2O concentrations and N deficit in the 30-80 m layer, and N2O air-sea fluxes with the proportion of hypoxic water (4 < DO < 89 µmol L-1) in the water column, suggesting that N2O accumulation and its exchange are mainly associated with partial denitrification. Furthermore, we observe interannual variability in concentrations and inventories in the water column of DO, nitrate, N deficit, as well as air-sea N2O fluxes in both downwelling and upwelling seasons. These variabilities are not associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices but are related to interannual differences in upwelling intensity. The time series reveals significant nitrate removal and N2O accumulation in both mid and bottom layers, occurring at rates of 1.5 µmol L-1 and 2.9 nmol L-1 per decade, respectively. Particularly significant is the increase over the past two decades of air-sea N2O fluxes at a rate of 2.9 µmol m-2 d-1 per decade. These observations suggest that changes in the EBUS, such as intensification of upwelling and the prevalence of hypoxic waters may have implications for N2O emissions and fixed nitrogen loss, potentially influencing coastal productivity and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Farias
- Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Instituto Milenio de Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile.
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Lucas de la Maza
- Instituto Milenio de Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR), Santiago, Chile
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5
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Yang GG, Wang Q, Feng J, He L, Li R, Lu W, Liao E, Lai Z. Can three-dimensional nitrate structure be reconstructed from surface information with artificial intelligence? - A proof-of-concept study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171365. [PMID: 38458452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate is one of the essential variables in the ocean that is a primary control of the upper ocean pelagic ecosystem. Its three-dimensional (3D) structure is vital for understanding the dynamic and ecosystem. Although several gridded nitrate products exist, the possibility of reconstructing the 3D structure of nitrate from surface data has never been exploited. In this study, we employed two advanced artificial intelligence (AI) networks, U-net and Earthformer, to reconstruct nitrate concentration in the Indian Ocean from surface data. Simulation from an ecosystem model was utilized as the labeling data to train and test the AI networks, with wind vectors, wind stress, sea surface temperature, sea surface chlorophyll-a, solar radiation, and precipitation as the input. We compared the performance of two networks and different pre-processing methods. With the input features decomposed into climatology and anomaly components, the Earthformer achieved optimal reconstruction results with a lower normalized mean square error (NRMSE = 0.1591), spatially and temporally, outperforming U-net (NRMSE = 0.2007) and the climatology prediction (NRMSE = 0.2089). Furthermore, Earthformer was more capable of identifying interannual nitrate anomalies. With a network interpretation technique, we quantified the spatio-temporal importance of every input feature in the best case (Earthformer with decomposed inputs). The influence of different input features on nitrate concentration in the adjacent Java Sea exhibited seasonal variation, stronger than the interannual one. The feature importance highlighted the role of dynamic factors, particularly the wind, matching our understanding of the dynamic controls of the ecosystem. Our reconstruction and network interpretation technique can be extended to other ecosystem variables, providing new possibilities in studies of marine environment and ecology from an AI perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Gary Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Qishuo Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiacheng Feng
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Lechi He
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongzu Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfang Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
| | - Enhui Liao
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhigang Lai
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
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6
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Guden RM, Haegeman A, Ruttink T, Moens T, Derycke S. Nematodes alter the taxonomic and functional profiles of benthic bacterial communities: A metatranscriptomic approach. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17331. [PMID: 38533629 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Marine sediments cover 70% of the Earth's surface, and harbour diverse bacterial communities critical for marine biogeochemical processes, which affect climate change, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Nematodes, the most abundant and species-rich metazoan organisms in marine sediments, in turn, affect benthic bacterial communities and bacterial-mediated ecological processes, but the underlying mechanisms by which they affect biogeochemical cycles remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate using a metatranscriptomic approach that nematodes alter the taxonomic and functional profiles of benthic bacterial communities. We found particularly strong stimulation of nitrogen-fixing and methane-oxidizing bacteria in the presence of nematodes, as well as increased functional activity associated with methane metabolism and degradation of various carbon compounds. This study provides empirical evidence that the presence of nematodes results in taxonomic and functional shifts in active bacterial communities, indicating that nematodes may play an important role in benthic ecosystem processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodgee Mae Guden
- Marine Biology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Haegeman
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | - Tom Ruttink
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | - Tom Moens
- Marine Biology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Derycke
- Marine Biology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Aquatic Environment and Quality, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Oostende, Belgium
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7
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Vazquez ND, Crupkin AC, Chierichetti MA, Acuña FH, Miglioranza KSB. Integrated biomarker responses in wild populations of the intertidal sea anemone Bunodosoma zamponii living under different anthropogenic pressures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26036-26051. [PMID: 38491242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32926-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Bunodosoma zamponii is the most abundant anemone in Mar del Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Given that the presence of persistent organic pollutants (organochlorine pesticides and PCBs) and the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos has recently been reported in this species, two wild populations living under different anthropogenic pressures were studied and compared regarding basic aspects of their ecology and physiological response to oxidative stress. A population from an impacted site (Las Delicias, LD) and another from a reference site (Punta Cantera, PC) were monitored seasonally (spring, summer, autumn, and winter), for one year. Anemones from PC were larger and more abundant than those from LD for most sampling periods. During winter, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase activities were higher in LD. Moreover, protein content and antioxidant defenses were higher in anemones from PC during winter as well. Taking into account their ecology (size and abundance) and biomarker responses, the population from PC was comparatively healthier. Furthermore, such differences are in agreement with recent studies indicating a higher concentration of pollutants in anemones from LD (specially during the winter sampling). In this sense, considering that B. zamponii can bioaccumulate the aforementioned pollutants, its resilience to their presence, and the fact that biomarker response differed between sites, this species can be regarded as a proper sentinel species of environmental pollution. Overall, this anemone seems to be a good bioindicator to be considered in future biomonitoring and ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas D Vazquez
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Research, National Scientific and Technological Research Council, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Laboratory of Cnidarian Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea C Crupkin
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Research, National Scientific and Technological Research Council, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Scientific Research Commission of the Province of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melisa A Chierichetti
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Research, National Scientific and Technological Research Council, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián H Acuña
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Research, National Scientific and Technological Research Council, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Cnidarian Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Coiba Research Station (Coiba-AIP), Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Karina S B Miglioranza
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Research, National Scientific and Technological Research Council, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Kim H, Kim HS, Kim J, Yang D, Lee K, Kim K, Ock G, Park HG, Robinson RS, Kim MS, Park GH, Kim JH, Kim YI, Lee MH, Park CU, Lim D, Han S, Kim TW. Identifying the external N and Hg inputs to the estuary ecosystem based on the triple isotopic information (δ 15N NO3, Δ 17O NO3 and δ 18O NO3). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116035. [PMID: 38271917 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The supply and sources of N and Hg in the Geum estuary of the western coast of Korea were evaluated. Triple isotope proxies (δ15NNO3, Δ17ONO3 and δ18ONO3) of NO3- combined with conservative mixing between river and ocean waters were used to improve isotope finger-printing methods. The N pool in the Geum estuary was primarily influenced by the Yellow Sea water, followed by riverine discharge (821 × 106 mol yr-1) and atmospheric deposition (51 × 106 mol yr-1). The influence of the river was found to be greater for Hg than that of the atmosphere. The triple isotope proxies revealed that the riverine and atmospheric inputs of N have been affected by septic wastes and fossil fuel burning, respectively. From the inner estuary towards offshore region, the influence of the river diminishes, thus increasing the relative impact of the atmosphere. Moreover, the isotope proxies showed a significant influence of N assimilation in February and nitrification in May.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haryun Kim
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seon Kim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Yang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitack Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, 21990 Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoung Ock
- National Institute of Ecology, Secheon 33657, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Geun Park
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Rebecca S Robinson
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Ha Park
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Hoon Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Un Park
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhongil Lim
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Han
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 61005 Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02481, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Dairain A, Voet H, Vafeiadou AM, De Meester N, Rigaux A, Van Colen C, Vanaverbeke J, Moens T. Structurally stable but functionally disrupted marine microbial communities under a future climate change scenario: Potential importance for nitrous oxide emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167928. [PMID: 37863213 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The blue mussel Mytilus edulis is a widespread and abundant bivalve species along the North Sea with high economic and ecological importance as an engineer species. The shell of mussels is intensively colonized by microbial organisms that can produce significant quantities of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. To characterize the impacts of climate change on the composition, structure and functioning of microbial biofilms on the shell surface of M. edulis, we experimentally exposed them to orthogonal combinations of increased seawater temperature (20 vs. 23 °C) and decreased pH (8.0 vs. 7.7) for six weeks. We used amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize the alpha and beta diversity of microbial communities on the mussel shell. The functioning of microbial biofilms was assessed by measuring aerobic respiration and nitrogen emission rates. We did not report any significant impacts of climate change treatments on the diversity of mussel microbiomes nor on the structure of these communities. Lowered pH and increased temperature had antagonistic effects on the functioning of microbial communities with decreased aerobic respiration and N2O emission rates of microbial biofilms in acidified seawater compared to increased rates in warmer conditions. An overriding impact of acidification over warming was finally observed on N2O emissions when the two factors were combined. Although acidification and warming in combination significantly reduced N2O biofilm emissions, the promotion of aquaculture activities in coastal waters where shellfish do not normally occur at high biomass and density could nonetheless result in unwanted emissions of this greenhouse gas in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Dairain
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, UMR7144, Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Place Georges Teissier, CS90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France.
| | - Helena Voet
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Marine Ecology and Management, Vautierstraat 29, Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Anna-Maria Vafeiadou
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Nele De Meester
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Annelien Rigaux
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Carl Van Colen
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Jan Vanaverbeke
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Marine Ecology and Management, Vautierstraat 29, Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Tom Moens
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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10
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Liu Q, Chen Y, Xu XW. Genomic insight into strategy, interaction and evolution of nitrifiers in metabolizing key labile-dissolved organic nitrogen in different environmental niches. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1273211. [PMID: 38156017 PMCID: PMC10753782 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox) are responsible for nitrification in nature; however, some groups have been reported to utilize labile-dissolved organic nitrogen (LDON) for satisfying nitrogen demands. To understand the universality of their capacity of LDON metabolism, we collected 70 complete genomes of AOA, AOB, NOB, and comammox from typical environments for exploring their potentials in the metabolism of representative LDON (urea, polyamines, cyanate, taurine, glycine betaine, and methylamine). Genomic analyses showed that urea was the most popular LDON used by nitrifiers. Each group harbored unique urea transporter genes (AOA: dur3 and utp, AOB: utp, and NOB and comammox: urtABCDE and utp) accompanied by urease genes ureABC. The differentiation in the substrate affinity of these transporters implied the divergence of urea utilization efficiency in nitrifiers, potentially driving them into different niches. The cyanate transporter (cynABD and focA/nirC) and degradation (cynS) genes were detected mostly in NOB, indicating their preference for a wide range of nitrogen substrates to satisfy high nitrogen demands. The lack of genes involved in the metabolism of polyamines, taurine, glycine betaine, and methylamines in most of nitrifiers suggested that they were not able to serve as a source of ammonium, only if they were degraded or oxidized extracellularly as previously reported. The phylogenetic analyses assisted with comparisons of GC% and the Codon Adaptation Index between target genes and whole genomes of nitrifiers implied that urea metabolic genes dur3 and ureC in AOA evolved independently from bacteria during the transition from Thaumarchaeota to AOA, while utp in terrestrial AOA was acquired from bacteria via lateral gene transfer (LGT). Cyanate transporter genes cynS and focA/nirC detected only in a terrestrial AOA Candidadus Nitrsosphaera gargensis Ga9.2 could be gained synchronously with Nitrospira of NOB by an ancient LGT. Our results indicated that LDON utilization was a common feature in nitrifiers, but metabolic potentials were different among nitrifiers, possibly being intensely interacted with their niches, survival strategies, and evolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Cybulski JD, Duprey NN, Thibodeau B, Yasuhara M, Geeraert N, Leonard N, Vonhof HB, Martínez-García A, Baker DM. Coral carbonate-bound isotopes reveal monsoonal influence on nitrogen sources in Southeastern China's Greater Bay Area from the mid-Holocene until the Anthropocene. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115757. [PMID: 37988964 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Most anthropogenic nitrogen (N) reaches coastal waters via rivers carrying increasing loads of sewage, fertilizer, and sediments. To understand anthropogenic N impacts, we need to understand historical N-dynamics before human influence. Stable isotope ratios of N preserved in carbonates are one way to create temporal N records. However, records that span periods of human occupation are scarce, limiting our ability to contextualize modern N dynamics. Here, we produce a fossil-bound N-record using coral subfossils, spanning 6700 years in China's Greater Bay Area (GBA). We found that during the mid-to-late Holocene, the GBA's coastal N was dominated by fluvial sources. The weakening of the Asia monsoon throughout the late-Holocene decreased river outflow, leading to a relative increase of marine nitrate. This source shift from riverine-to-ocean dominance was overprinted by anthropogenic N. During the late 1980s to early 1990s, human development and associated effluent inundated the coastal system, contributing to the decline of coral communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Cybulski
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Cape D'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Otto Hahn Institute), Climate Geochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Nicolas N Duprey
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Otto Hahn Institute), Climate Geochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Benoit Thibodeau
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Moriaki Yasuhara
- School of Biological Sciences, Area of Ecology and Biodiversity, Swire Institute of Marine Science, Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, Musketeers Foundation Institute of Data Science, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Naomi Geeraert
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Cape D'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Nicole Leonard
- Radiogenic Isotope Facility, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Hubert B Vonhof
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Otto Hahn Institute), Climate Geochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alfredo Martínez-García
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Otto Hahn Institute), Climate Geochemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David M Baker
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Cape D'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
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12
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Chen S, Meng Y, Lin S, Yu Y, Xi J. Estimation of sea surface nitrate from space: Current status and future potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165690. [PMID: 37487888 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Sea surface nitrate (SSN) plays an important role in assessing phytoplankton growth and new production in the ocean. Field sampling of SSN data is important, but limited by data quantity both spatially and temporally. Satellite remote sensing can contribute through providing spatial and temporal data to such assessments. During the past 30 years many studies have been published focusing on SSN retrievals from satellites to a greater or less extent. In this study, we reviewed the progresses of SSN estimation from satellites in both open ocean and coastal waters. Because of the lack of electromagnetic properties of SSN, satellite retrievals of SSN were most realized by developing relationships between SSN and related environmental variables (e.g., sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, sea surface salinity), using traditional empirical regressions and novel machine learning techniques. We synthesized most of the peer-reviewed studies for both open and coastal oceans, in terms of study areas, model inputs, regression formulas, and model uncertainties. In general, regional SSN algorithms were most developed in coastal oceans with upwelling or river discharges. The published SSN algorithms had varying uncertainties with a wide range of 0.83-6.87 μmol/L, and the uncertainties were significantly reduced in recent studies, with more field measurements available and better understanding of the physical and biogeochemical processes in driving nitrate dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Yu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jingyuan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
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13
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Govindankutty Menon A, Davis CV, Nürnberg D, Nomaki H, Salonen I, Schmiedl G, Glock N. A deep-learning automated image recognition method for measuring pore patterns in closely related bolivinids and calibration for quantitative nitrate paleo-reconstructions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19628. [PMID: 37949926 PMCID: PMC10638366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Eutrophication is accelerating the recent expansion of oxygen-depleted coastal marine environments. Several bolivinid foraminifera are abundant in these oxygen-depleted settings, and take up nitrate through the pores in their shells for denitrification. This makes their pore density a possible nitrate proxy. This study documents three aspects related to the porosity of bolivinids. 1. A new automated image analysis technique to determine the number of pores in bolivinids is tested. 2. The pore patterns of Bolivina spissa from five different ocean settings are analysed. The relationship between porosity, pore density and mean pore size significantly differs between the studied locations. Their porosity is mainly controlled by the size of the pores at the Gulf of Guayaquil (Peru), but by the number of pores at other studied locations. This might be related to the presence of a different cryptic Bolivina species in the Gulf of Guayaquil. 3. The pore densities of closely related bolivinids in core-top samples are calibrated as a bottom-water nitrate proxy. Bolivina spissa and Bolivina subadvena showed the same correlation between pore density and bottom-water nitrate concentrations, while the pore density of Bolivina argentea and Bolivina subadvena accumeata is much higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaly Govindankutty Menon
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Institute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Catherine V Davis
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, 2800 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Dirk Nürnberg
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, Geb. 8c, Raum 106, 24148, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hidetaka Nomaki
- SUGAR, X-star, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Iines Salonen
- SUGAR, X-star, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan
- Tvärminne Zoological Station, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Hanko, Finland
| | - Gerhard Schmiedl
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Institute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Institute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaas Glock
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Institute for Geology, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Li Z, Xu W, Kang L, Kuzyakov Y, Chen L, He M, Liu F, Zhang D, Zhou W, Liu X, Yang Y. Accelerated organic matter decomposition in thermokarst lakes upon carbon and phosphorus inputs. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6367-6382. [PMID: 37695465 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Mineralization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in thermokarst lakes plays a non-negligible role in the permafrost carbon (C) cycle, but remains poorly understood due to its complex interactions with external C and nutrient inputs (i.e., aquatic priming and nutrient effects). Based on large-scale lake sampling and laboratory incubations, in combination with 13 C-stable-isotope labeling, optical spectroscopy, and high-throughput sequencing, we examined large-scale patterns and dominant drivers of priming and nutrient effects of DOM biodegradation across 30 thermokarst lakes along a 1100-km transect on the Tibetan Plateau. We observed that labile C and phosphorus (P) rather than nitrogen (N) inputs stimulated DOM biodegradation, with the priming and P effects being 172% and 451% over unamended control, respectively. We also detected significant interactive effects of labile C and nutrient supply on DOM biodegradation, with the combined labile C and nutrient additions inducing stronger microbial mineralization than C or nutrient treatment alone, illustrating that microbial activity in alpine thermokarst lakes is co-limited by both C and nutrients. We further found that the aquatic priming was mainly driven by DOM quality, with the priming intensity increasing with DOM recalcitrance, reflecting the limitation of external C as energy sources for microbial activity. Greater priming intensity was also associated with higher community-level ribosomal RNA gene operon (rrn) copy number and bacterial diversity as well as increased background soluble reactive P concentration. In contrast, the P effect decreased with DOM recalcitrance as well as with background soluble reactive P and ammonium concentrations, revealing the declining importance of P availability in mediating DOM biodegradation with enhanced C limitation but reduced nutrient limitation. Overall, the stimulation of external C and P inputs on DOM biodegradation in thermokarst lakes would amplify C-climate feedback in this alpine permafrost region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Leiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Mei He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Futing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Dianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Li P, Tedersoo L, Crowther TW, Dumbrell AJ, Dini-Andreote F, Bahram M, Kuang L, Li T, Wu M, Jiang Y, Luan L, Saleem M, de Vries FT, Li Z, Wang B, Jiang J. Fossil-fuel-dependent scenarios could lead to a significant decline of global plant-beneficial bacteria abundance in soils by 2100. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:996-1006. [PMID: 37904026 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting the potential benefits of plant-associated microbes represents a sustainable approach to enhancing crop productivity. Plant-beneficial bacteria (PBB) provide multiple benefits to plants. However, the biogeography and community structure remain largely unknown. Here we constructed a PBB database to couple microbial taxonomy with their plant-beneficial traits and analysed the global atlas of potential PBB from 4,245 soil samples. We show that the diversity of PBB peaks in low-latitude regions, following a strong latitudinal diversity gradient. The distribution of potential PBB was primarily governed by environmental filtering, which was mainly determined by local climate. Our projections showed that fossil-fuel-dependent future scenarios would lead to a significant decline of potential PBB by 2100, especially biocontrol agents (-1.03%) and stress resistance bacteria (-0.61%), which may potentially threaten global food production and (agro)ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfa Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Alex J Dumbrell
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Francisco Dini-Andreote
- Department of Plant Science and Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lu Kuang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Franciska T de Vries
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Zhongpei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Baozhan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.
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16
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Li Y, Xiong L, Yu H, Zeng K, Wei Y, Li H, Zeng W, Ji X. Function and distribution of nitrogen-cycling microbial communities in the Napahai plateau wetland. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:357. [PMID: 37872393 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential component of living organisms and a major nutrient that limits life on Earth. Until now, freely available nitrogen mainly comes from atmospheric nitrogen, but most organisms rely on bioavailable forms of nitrogen, which depends on the complex network of microorganisms with a wide variety of metabolic functions. Microbial-mediated nitrogen cycling contributes to the biogeochemical cycling of wetlands, but its specific microbial abundance, composition, and distribution need to be studied. Based on the metagenomic data, we described the composition and functional characteristics of microbial nitrogen cycle-related genes in the Napahai plateau wetland. Six nitrogen cycling pathways existed, such as dissimilatory nitrate reduction, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, anammox, and nitrate assimilation. Most genes related to the nitrogen cycling in this region come from bacteria, mainly from Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. Habitat types and nitrogen cycle-related genes largely explained the relative abundance of total nitrogen pathways. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on nitrogen cycle-related genes from different habitats and sources, combined with PCoA analysis, most of them clustered separately, indicating richness and uniqueness. Some microbial groups seemed to be special or general in the nitrogen cycling. In conclusion, it suggested that microorganisms regulated the N cycling process, and may lead to N loss throughout the wetland, thus providing a basis for further elucidation of the microbial regulation of N cycling processes and the Earth's elemental cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lingling Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Kun Zeng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yunlin Wei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Weikun Zeng
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Xiuling Ji
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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17
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Johnson C, Dubbs LL, Piehler M. Reframing the contribution of pelagic Sargassum epiphytic N2 fixation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289485. [PMID: 37527268 PMCID: PMC10393174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Though nitrogen fixation by epiphytic diazotrophs on pelagic Sargassum has been recognized for decades, it has been assumed to contribute insignificantly to the overall marine nitrogen budget. This six-year study reframes this concept through long-term measurements of Sargassum community nitrogen fixation rates, and by extrapolating mass-specific rates to a theoretical square meter portion of Sargassum mat allowing for comparison of these rates to those of other marine and coastal diazotrophs. On 24 occasions from 2015 to 2021, rates of nitrogen fixation were measured using whole fronds of Sargassum collected from the western edge of the Gulf Stream off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Across all dates, mass-specific rates ranged from 0 to 37.77 μmol N g-1 h-1 with a mean of 4.156 μmol N g-1 h-1. Extrapolating using a mat-specific density of Sargassum, these rates scale to a range of 0 to 30,916 μmol N m-2 d-1 and a mean of 3,697 μmol N m-2 d-1. Quantifying this community's rates of nitrogen fixation over several years captured the sometimes-extreme variability in rates, characteristic of marine diazotrophs, which has not been reported in the literature to date. When these measurements are considered alongside estimates of the density of pelagic Sargassum, rates of nitrogen fixation by Sargassum's epiphytic diazotrophs rival that of their coastal macrophyte and planktonic counterparts. Given Sargassum's wide and expanding geographic range, the results of this study suggest this community may contribute reactive nitrogen on a meaningful, basin-wide scale, which merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Johnson
- Environment, Ecology and Energy Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lindsay L. Dubbs
- Environment, Ecology and Energy Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Coastal Studies Institute, East Carolina University, Wanchese, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael Piehler
- Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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18
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Sejwal G, Singh SK. Perspective: The unexplored dimensions behind the foam formation in River Yamuna, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90458-90470. [PMID: 37479928 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
For nearly two years, a persistent foam cover has been observed during the post-monsoon season in the Yamuna River beneath the barrage near Okhla in Delhi, India. This affair has been a matter of public concern now, after the gigantic appearance of foam in November 2021, as the visibility of foam has awakened people's environmental 'conscience' over the 'concealed' chemical pollution. The mechanisms of agents responsible for foaming in rivers, particularly surfactants and phosphates, have received wide attention in the dynamic community of river pollution. Many studies in the past, around the globe, have evidently provided different rationales behind the dense foam formation in rivers, yet the Concerned Govt. Authorities have highlighted the cause of foam formation in the river Yamuna is associated with the presence of detergents and phosphates as foaming agents. Despite this, an aperture with copious unaccounted factors or underlying agents still exists to rationalize the foam formation and persistence. In this article, we outline these unaccounted factors which might be responsible for the foam formation and stabilization and give indications for future research directives towards the emergence of studies regarding the dense foam formation in river Yamuna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sejwal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
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19
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Feng M, Peng S, Wang Y, Ciais P, Goll DS, Chang J, Fang Y, Houlton BZ, Liu G, Sun Y, Xi Y. Overestimated nitrogen loss from denitrification for natural terrestrial ecosystems in CMIP6 Earth System Models. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3065. [PMID: 37244896 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Denitrification and leaching nitrogen (N) losses are poorly constrained in Earth System Models (ESMs). Here, we produce a global map of natural soil 15N abundance and quantify soil denitrification N loss for global natural ecosystems using an isotope-benchmarking method. We show an overestimation of denitrification by almost two times in the 13 ESMs of the Sixth Phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6, 73 ± 31 Tg N yr-1), compared with our estimate of 38 ± 11 Tg N yr-1, which is rooted in isotope mass balance. Moreover, we find a negative correlation between the sensitivity of plant production to rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and denitrification in boreal regions, revealing that overestimated denitrification in ESMs would translate to an exaggeration of N limitation on the responses of plant growth to elevated CO2. Our study highlights the need of improving the representation of the denitrification in ESMs and better assessing the effects of terrestrial ecosystems on CO2 mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyuan Feng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shushi Peng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- The Cyprus Institute 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Daniel S Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jinfeng Chang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunting Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Benjamin Z Houlton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Global Development, CALS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Xi
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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20
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Sadaiappan B, Balakrishnan P, C.R. V, Vijayan NT, Subramanian M, Gauns MU. Applications of Machine Learning in Chemical and Biological Oceanography. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15831-15853. [PMID: 37179641 PMCID: PMC10173431 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) refers to computer algorithms that predict a meaningful output or categorize complex systems based on a large amount of data. ML is applied in various areas including natural science, engineering, space exploration, and even gaming development. This review focuses on the use of machine learning in the field of chemical and biological oceanography. In the prediction of global fixed nitrogen levels, partial carbon dioxide pressure, and other chemical properties, the application of ML is a promising tool. Machine learning is also utilized in the field of biological oceanography to detect planktonic forms from various images (i.e., microscopy, FlowCAM, and video recorders), spectrometers, and other signal processing techniques. Moreover, ML successfully classified the mammals using their acoustics, detecting endangered mammalian and fish species in a specific environment. Most importantly, using environmental data, the ML proved to be an effective method for predicting hypoxic conditions and harmful algal bloom events, an essential measurement in terms of environmental monitoring. Furthermore, machine learning was used to construct a number of databases for various species that will be useful to other researchers, and the creation of new algorithms will help the marine research community better comprehend the chemistry and biology of the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Sadaiappan
- Department
of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 971, UAE
- Plankton
Laboratory, Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Preethiya Balakrishnan
- Faraday-Fleming
Laboratory, London W148TL, United Kingdom
- University
of London, London WC1E 7HU, United
Kingdom
| | - Vishal C.R.
- Plankton
Laboratory, Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Neethu T. Vijayan
- Plankton
Laboratory, Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Mahendran Subramanian
- Faraday-Fleming
Laboratory, London W148TL, United Kingdom
- Department
of Computing, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mangesh U. Gauns
- Plankton
Laboratory, Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
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21
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Darnajoux R, Inomura K, Zhang X. A diazotrophy-ammoniotrophy dual growth model for the sulfate reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris var. Hildenborough. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3136-3148. [PMID: 37293241 PMCID: PMC10244686 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) comprise one of the few prokaryotic groups in which biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is common. Recent studies have highlighted SRB roles in N cycling, particularly in oligotrophic coastal and benthic environments where they could contribute significantly to N input. Most studies of SRB have focused on sulfur cycling and SRB growth models have primarily aimed at understanding the effects of electron sources, with N usually provided as fixed-N (nitrate, ammonium). Mechanistic links between SRB nitrogen-fixing metabolism and growth are not well understood, particularly in environments where fixed-N fluctuates. Here, we investigate diazotrophic growth of the model sulfate reducer Desulfovibrio vulgaris var. Hildenborough under anaerobic heterotrophic conditions and contrasting N availabilities using a simple cellular model with dual ammoniotrophic and diazotrophic modes. The model was calibrated using batch culture experiments with varying initial ammonium concentrations (0-3000 µM) and acetylene reduction assays of BNF activity. The model confirmed the preferential usage of ammonium over BNF for growth and successfully reproduces experimental data, with notably clear bi-phasic growth curves showing an initial ammoniotrophic phase followed by onset of BNF. Our model enables quantification of the energetic cost of each N acquisition strategy and indicates the existence of a BNF-specific limiting phenomenon, not directly linked to micronutrient (Mo, Fe, Ni) concentration, by-products (hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide), or fundamental model metabolic parameters (death rate, electron acceptor stoichiometry). By providing quantitative predictions of environment and metabolism, this study contributes to a better understanding of anaerobic heterotrophic diazotrophs in environments with fluctuating N conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Darnajoux
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- High Meadow Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Keisuke Inomura
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Xinning Zhang
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- High Meadow Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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22
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Yang J, Yu Q, Su W, Wang S, Wang X, Han Q, Qu J, Li H. Metagenomics reveals elevated temperature causes nitrogen accumulation mainly by inhibiting nitrate reduction process in polluted water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163631. [PMID: 37086993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Determining the response of functional genes and microbiota involved in the nitrogen (N) cycle to warming in the face of global climate change is a hotpot topic. However, whether and how elevated temperature affects the N-cycle genes in polluted water remains unclear. Based on metagenomics, we investigated the responses of the whole N-cycling genes and their microbial communities to the temperature gradients (23, 26, 29, 32, and 35 °C) using animal cadavers as an N-pollution model. We found that the abundance of gene families involved in glutamate metabolism, assimilatory nitrate reduction to nitrite (ANRN), and denitrification pathways decreased with temperature. Moreover, warming reduced the diversity of N-cycling microbial communities. Ecological network analysis indicated that elevated temperature intensified the mutual competition of N-cycle genes. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) showed that warming directly suppressed most N-cycle pathways, especially glutamate metabolism, denitrification, and ANRN pathways. Corpse decay also indirectly inhibited N-cycling via regulating N content and microbial communities. Our results highlight warming leads to N accumulation by inhibiting the ANRN and denitrification pathways, which may jeopardize ecological environment security. Our study is expected to provide valuable insights into the complex N-cycle process and N-pollution in warmer aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaoling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of pastoral agriculture science and technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wanghong Su
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qian Han
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Key laboratory of adaptation and evolution of plateau biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of pastoral agriculture science and technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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23
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Gong JC, Jin H, Li BH, Tian Y, Liu CY, Li PF, Liu Q, Ingeniero RCO, Yang GP. Emissions of Nitric Oxide from Photochemical and Microbial Processes in Coastal Waters of the Yellow and East China Seas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4039-4049. [PMID: 36808991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an atmospheric pollutant and climate forcer as well as a key intermediary in the marine nitrogen cycle, but the ocean's NO contribution and production mechanisms remain unclear. Here, high-resolution NO observations were conducted simultaneously in the surface ocean and the lower atmosphere of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea; moreover, NO production from photolysis and microbial processes was analyzed. The NO sea-air exchange showed uneven distributions (RSD = 349.1%) with an average flux of 5.3 ± 18.5 × 10-17 mol cm-2 s-1. In coastal waters where nitrite photolysis was the predominant source (89.0%), NO concentrations were remarkably higher (84.7%) than the overall average of the study area. The NO from archaeal nitrification accounted for 52.8% of all microbial production (11.0%). We also examined the relationship between gaseous NO and ozone which helped identify sources of atmospheric NO. The sea-to-air flux of NO in coastal waters was narrowed by contaminated air with elevated NO concentrations. These findings indicate that the emissions of NO from coastal waters, mainly controlled by reactive nitrogen inputs, will increase with the reduced terrestrial NO discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Chen Gong
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Shandong Qingdao Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bing-Han Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Chun-Ying Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | | | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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24
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Humphries GE, Espinosa JI, Ambrosone M, Ayala ZR, Tzortziou M, Goes JI, Greenfield DI. Transitions in nitrogen and organic matter form and concentration correspond to bacterial population dynamics in a hypoxic urban estuary. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 2023; 163:219-243. [PMID: 36968009 PMCID: PMC9959957 DOI: 10.1007/s10533-023-01021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nitrogen (N) inputs to developed coastlines are linked with multiple ecosystem and socio-economic impacts worldwide such as algal blooms, habitat/resource deterioration, and hypoxia. This study investigated the microbial and biogeochemical processes associated with recurrent, seasonal bottom-water hypoxia in an urban estuary, western Long Island Sound (WLIS), that receives high N inputs. A 2-year (2020-2021) field study spanned two hypoxia events and entailed surface and bottom depth water sampling for dissolved nutrients as inorganic N (DIN; ammonia-N and nitrite + nitrate (N + N)), organic N, orthophosphate, organic carbon (DOC), as well as chlorophyll a and bacterial abundances. Physical water quality data were obtained from concurrent conductivity, temperature, and depth casts. Results showed that dissolved organic matter was highest at the most-hypoxic locations, DOC was negatively and significantly correlated with bottom-water dissolved oxygen (Pearson's r = -0.53, p = 0.05), and ammonia-N was the dominant DIN form pre-hypoxia before declining throughout hypoxia. N + N concentrations showed the reverse, being minimal pre-hypoxia then increasing during and following hypoxia, indicating that ammonia oxidation likely contributed to the switch in dominant DIN forms and is a key pathway in WLIS water column nitrification. Similarly, at the most hypoxic sampling site, bottom depth bacteria concentrations ranged ~ 1.8 × 104-1.1 × 105 cells ml-1 pre-hypoxia, declined throughout hypoxia, and were positively and significantly correlated (Pearson's r = 0.57; p = 0.03) with ammonia-N, confirming that hypoxia influences N-cycling within LIS. These findings provide novel insight to feedbacks between major biogeochemical (N and C) cycles and hypoxia in urban estuaries. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10533-023-01021-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgie E. Humphries
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, Queens, NY 11367 USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, New York, NY 10031 USA
| | - Jessica I. Espinosa
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, New York, NY 10031 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA
| | | | - Zabdiel Roldan Ayala
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, Queens, NY 11367 USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, New York, NY 10031 USA
| | - Maria Tzortziou
- City College Center for Discovery and Innovation, New York, NY 10031 USA
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Dianne I. Greenfield
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, Queens, NY 11367 USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, New York, NY 10031 USA
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25
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Chen XH, Yang MK, Li YY, Xie ZX, Zhang SF, Töpel M, Amin SA, Lin L, Ge F, Wang DZ. Improving the genome and proteome annotations of the marine model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana using a proteogenomics strategy. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:102-115. [PMID: 37073328 PMCID: PMC10077189 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-022-00161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular eukaryotic phytoplankton that account for approximately 20% of global carbon fixation and 40% of marine primary productivity; thus, they are essential for global carbon biogeochemical cycling and climate. The availability of ten diatom genome sequences has facilitated evolutionary, biological and ecological research over the past decade; however, a complimentary map of the diatom proteome with direct measurements of proteins and peptides is still lacking. Here, we present a proteome map of the model marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana using high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with a proteogenomic strategy. In-depth proteomic profiling of three different growth phases and three nutrient-deficient samples identified 9526 proteins, accounting for ~ 81% of the predicted protein-coding genes. Proteogenomic analysis identified 1235 novel genes, 975 revised genes, 104 splice variants and 234 single amino acid variants. Furthermore, our quantitative proteomic analysis experimentally demonstrated that a considerable number of novel genes were differentially translated under different nutrient conditions. These findings substantially improve the genome annotation of T. pseudonana and provide insights into new biological functions of diatoms. This relatively comprehensive diatom proteome catalog will complement available diatom genome and transcriptome data to advance biological and ecological research of marine diatoms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-022-00161-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000 China
| | - Ming-Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
| | - Zhang-Xian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
| | - Mats Töpel
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- IVL-Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 53021, 40014 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shady A. Amin
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, 129188 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
| | - Feng Ge
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
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26
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Robinson RS, Smart SM, Cybulski JD, McMahon KW, Marcks B, Nowakowski C. Insights from Fossil-Bound Nitrogen Isotopes in Diatoms, Foraminifera, and Corals. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2023; 15:407-430. [PMID: 35977410 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-032122-104001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is a major limiting element for biological productivity, and thus understanding past variations in nitrogen cycling is central to understanding past and future ocean biogeochemical cycling, global climate cycles, and biodiversity. Organic nitrogen encapsulated in fossil biominerals is generally protected from alteration, making it an important archive of the marine nitrogen cycle on seasonal to million-year timescales. The isotopic composition of fossil-bound nitrogen reflects variations in the large-scale nitrogen inventory, local sources and processing, and ecological and physiological traits of organisms. The ability to measure trace amounts of fossil-bound nitrogen has expanded with recent method developments. In this article, we review the foundations and ground truthing for three important fossil-bound proxy types: diatoms, foraminifera, and corals. We highlight their utility with examples of high-resolution evidence for anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to the oceans, glacial-interglacial-scale assessments of nitrogen inventory change, and evidence for enhanced CO2 drawdown in the high-latitude ocean. Future directions include expanded method development, characterization of ecological and physiological variation, and exploration of extended timescales to push reconstructions further back in Earth's history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Robinson
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA; , , , ,
| | - Sandi M Smart
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA;
| | - Jonathan D Cybulski
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA; , , , ,
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Kelton W McMahon
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA; , , , ,
| | - Basia Marcks
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA; , , , ,
| | - Catherine Nowakowski
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA; , , , ,
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27
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Díez J, López-Lozano A, Domínguez-Martín MA, Gómez-Baena G, Muñoz-Marín MC, Melero-Rubio Y, García-Fernández JM. Regulatory and metabolic adaptations in the nitrogen assimilation of marine picocyanobacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:6794272. [PMID: 36323406 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus are the two most abundant photosynthetic organisms on Earth, with a strong influence on the biogeochemical carbon and nitrogen cycles. Early reports demonstrated the streamlining of regulatory mechanisms in nitrogen metabolism and the removal of genes not strictly essential. The availability of a large series of genomes, and the utilization of latest generation molecular techniques have allowed elucidating the main mechanisms developed by marine picocyanobacteria to adapt to the environments where they thrive, with a particular interest in the strains inhabiting oligotrophic oceans. Given that nitrogen is often limited in those environments, a series of studies have explored the strategies utilized by Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus to exploit the low concentrations of nitrogen-containing molecules available in large areas of the oceans. These strategies include the reduction in the GC and the cellular protein contents; the utilization of truncated proteins; a reduced average amount of N in the proteome; the development of metabolic mechanisms to perceive and utilize nanomolar nitrate concentrations; and the reduced responsiveness of key molecular regulatory systems such as NtcA to 2-oxoglutarate. These findings are in sharp contrast with the large body of knowledge obtained in freshwater cyanobacteria. We will outline the main discoveries, stressing their relevance to the ecological success of these important microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Díez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - A López-Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - M A Domínguez-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - G Gómez-Baena
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - M C Muñoz-Marín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - Y Melero-Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - J M García-Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
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Lobus NV, Kulikovskiy MS. The Co-Evolution Aspects of the Biogeochemical Role of Phytoplankton in Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:92. [PMID: 36671784 PMCID: PMC9855382 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In freshwater and marine ecosystems, the phytoplankton community is based on microalgae and cyanobacteria, which include phylogenetically very diverse groups of oxygenic photoautotrophs. In the process of evolution, they developed a wide range of bio(geo)chemical adaptations that allow them to effectively use solar radiation, CO2, and nutrients, as well as major and trace elements, to form O2 and organic compounds with a high chemical bond energy. The inclusion of chemical elements in the key processes of energy and plastic metabolism in the cell is determined by redox conditions and the abundance and metabolic availability of elements in the paleoenvironment. Geochemical evolution, which proceeded simultaneously with the evolution of biosystems, contributed to an increase in the number of metals and trace elements acting as cofactors of enzymes involved in metabolism and maintaining homeostasis in the first photoautotrophs. The diversity of metal-containing enzymes and the adaptive ability to replace one element with another without losing the functional properties of enzymes ensured the high ecological plasticity of species and allowed microalgae and cyanobacteria to successfully colonize a wide variety of habitats. In this review, we consider the main aspects of the modern concepts of the biogeochemical evolution of aquatic ecosystems and the role of some metals in the main bioenergetic processes in photosynthetic prokaryotes and eukaryotes. We present generalized data on the efficiency of the assimilation of key nutrients by phytoplankton and their importance in the cycle of carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron. This article presents modern views on the evolutionary prerequisites for the formation of elemental signatures in different systematic groups of microalgae, as well as the possibility of using the stoichiometric ratio in the study of biological and geochemical processes in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay V. Lobus
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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29
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Niu T, Xu Y, Chen J, Qin L, Li Z, Yang Y, Liang J. Bacterial taxonomic and functional profiles from Bohai Sea to northern Yellow Sea. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1139950. [PMID: 36910186 PMCID: PMC9995391 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial distribution patterns are the result of a combination of biotic and abiotic factors, which are the core issues in microbial ecology research. To better understand the biogeographic pattern of bacteria in water environments from the Bohai Sea to the northern Yellow Sea, the effects of environmental factors, and spatial distance on the structure of bacterial communities in marine water were investigated using high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteri, Desulfobacterota, and Bdellovibrionota were the dominant phyla in the study area. A clear spatial pattern in the bacterial community was observed, and environmental factors, including salinity, nutrient concentration, carbon content, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, and seawater turbidity emerged as the central environmental factors regulating the variation in bacterial communities. In addition, the study provides direct evidence of the existence of dispersal limitation in this strongly connected marine ecological system. Therefore, these results revealed that the variation in bacterial community characteristics was attributed to environmental selection, accompanied by the regulation of stochastic diffusion. The network analysis demonstrated a nonrandom co-occurrence pattern in the microbial communities with distinct spatial distribution characteristics. It is implied that the biogeography patterns of bacterial community may also be associated with the characteristics of co-occurrence characterize among bacterial species. Furthermore, the PICRUSt analysis indicated a clear spatial distribution of functional characteristics in bacterial communities. This functional variation was significantly modulated by the environmental characteristics of seawater but uncoupled from the taxonomic characteristics of bacterial communities (e.g., diversity characteristics, community structure, and co-occurrence relationships). Together, this findings represent a significant advance in linking seawater to the mechanisms underlying bacterial biogeographic patterns and community assembly, co-occurrence patterns, and ecological functions, providing new insights for identifying the microbial ecology as well as the biogeochemical cycle in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Niu
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yongqian Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinni Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Liangyun Qin
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhicong Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yating Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiayuan Liang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning, China
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30
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Muñoz-Marín MDC, Magasin JD, Zehr JP. Open ocean and coastal strains of the N2-fixing cyanobacterium UCYN-A have distinct transcriptomes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0272674. [PMID: 37130101 PMCID: PMC10153697 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Decades of research on marine N2 fixation focused on Trichodesmium, which are generally free-living cyanobacteria, but in recent years the endosymbiotic cyanobacterium Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa (UCYN-A) has received increasing attention. However, few studies have shed light on the influence of the host versus the habitat on UCYN-A N2 fixation and overall metabolism. Here we compared transcriptomes from natural populations of UCYN-A from oligotrophic open-ocean versus nutrient-rich coastal waters, using a microarray that targets the full genomes of UCYN-A1 and UCYN-A2 and known genes for UCYN-A3. We found that UCYN-A2, usually regarded as adapted to coastal environments, was transcriptionally very active in the open ocean and appeared to be less impacted by habitat change than UCYN-A1. Moreover, for genes with 24 h periodic expression we observed strong but inverse correlations among UCYN-A1, A2, and A3 to oxygen and chlorophyll, which suggests distinct host-symbiont relationships. Across habitats and sublineages, genes for N2 fixation and energy production had high transcript levels, and, intriguingly, were among the minority of genes that kept the same schedule of diel expression. This might indicate different regulatory mechanisms for genes that are critical to the symbiosis for the exchange of nitrogen for carbon from the host. Our results underscore the importance of N2 fixation in UCYN-A symbioses across habitats, with consequences for community interactions and global biogeochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Muñoz-Marín
- Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jonathan D Magasin
- Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P Zehr
- Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
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31
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Arathala P, Musah RA. Theoretical Study of the Atmospheric Chemistry of Methane Sulfonamide Initiated by OH Radicals and the CH 3S(O) 2N •H + 3O 2 Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:9447-9460. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parandaman Arathala
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany─State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York12222, United States
| | - Rabi A. Musah
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany─State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York12222, United States
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32
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Lee MY, Park HJ, Moon JH, Kim S, Kim S, Choi Y, Song YK, Kim TH. Effects of wastewater effluent-borne nutrients on phytoplankton off the coast of Jeju Island. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114280. [PMID: 36332500 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal distributions of nutrients in coastal waters surrounding eight wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in four seasons were investigated to determine the effects of WWTP effluents on seawater off Jeju Island, Korea. The highest concentrations of nutrients were observed in the outlets of WWTPs with relatively high ammonium concentrations among dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). The reduced DIN (NO2- and NH4+)/total DIN ratios are used as a potential short-term index for marine environmental conditions. In seawater surrounding the WWTPs, relatively low nutrient concentrations were observed in spring and fall, due to enhanced biological production, which is closely linked to decreased N/P ratios. Because the highest WWTP effluent fluxes of ammonium in this study were similar to the fluxes of nutrients from submarine groundwater discharge, diffusion from bottom sediments, and discharge from land-based fish farm wastewater, WWTP effluent-derived nutrients are potentially important in oligotrophic environments and can be readily utilized by phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok-Jin Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Moon
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugang Kim
- Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Jeju 62629, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunchan Kim
- Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Jeju 62629, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Choi
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kyoung Song
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Padua S, Kripa V, Prema D, Mohamed KS, Jeyabaskaran R, Kaladharan P, Ratheesh L, Jenny B, Shylaja G, Joseph RV, Shyamala MP, Vysakhan P, John S, Babu A. Assessment of ecosystem health of a micro-level Ramsar coastal zone in the Vembanad Lake, Kerala, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:95. [PMID: 36355338 PMCID: PMC9648893 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10692-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Health of an ecosystem is very much important as we depend on its goods and services for our existence. Because of this, we need to continuously monitor its health for human benefit and for identifying areas for improvement of our natural systems. The present study tries to assess the condition of a coastal ecosystem within the Vembanad Lake, Kerala, India, using key water quality parameters at micro-level. Principal component analysis identified the minimum required water quality dataset for further analysis and was scored using linear scoring functions. The weighted additive method was used to integrate the individual scores to arrive at a final score representing the ecosystem health. Spline interpolation was applied to develop the ecosystem health map of the study area. Using this method, 35.8% area of the aquatic ecosystem studied was characterized as good, 32.2% as moderate, 26.2% as fair and 5.8% as poor. The assessment results can help the policymakers/managers to make appropriate decisions for the better management of the coastal ecosystems studied. Moreover, this methodology can be replicated for the assessment of coastal regions with similar ecosystem characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelton Padua
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India.
| | - V Kripa
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
- Coastal Aquaculture Authority, Integrated Office Complex for Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Department, Government of India, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600 035, India
| | - D Prema
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - K S Mohamed
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
- Sustainable Seafood Network of India (SSNI), Thiruvananthapuram, 695001, Kerala, India
| | - R Jeyabaskaran
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - P Kaladharan
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - Lavanya Ratheesh
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - B Jenny
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - G Shylaja
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - Reena V Joseph
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - M P Shyamala
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - P Vysakhan
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - Seban John
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - Akhil Babu
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 1603, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
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34
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Lupette J, Tardif M, Brugière S, Couté Y, Salvaing J, Maréchal E. Quantitative proteomic analyses reveal the impact of nitrogen starvation on the proteome of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200155. [PMID: 36168874 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are one of the largest groups in phytoplankton biodiversity. Understanding their response to nitrogen variations, present from micromolar to near-zero levels in oceans and fresh waters, is essential to comprehend their ecological success. Nitrogen starvation is used in biotechnological processes, to trigger the remodeling of carbon metabolism in the direction of fatty acids and triacylglycerol synthesis. We evaluated whole proteome changes in Phaeodactylum tricornutum after 7 days of cultivation with 5.5-mM nitrate (+N) or without any nitrogen source (-N). On a total of 3768 proteins detected in biological replicates, our analysis pointed to 384 differentially abundant proteins (DAP). Analysis of proteins of lower abundance in -N revealed an arrest of amino acid and protein syntheses, a remodeling of nitrogen metabolism, and a decrease of the proteasome abundance suggesting a decline in unselective whole-proteome decay. Analysis of proteins of higher abundance revealed the setting up of a general nitrogen scavenging system dependent on deaminases. The increase of a plastid palmitoyl-ACP desaturase appeared as a hallmark of carbon metabolism rewiring in the direction of fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis. This dataset is also valuable to select gene candidates for improved biotechnological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CEA, CNRS, INRAE, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marianne Tardif
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Brugière
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Salvaing
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CEA, CNRS, INRAE, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CEA, CNRS, INRAE, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
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35
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Ohore OE, Wei Y, Wang Y, Nwankwegu AS, Wang Z. Tracking the influence of antibiotics, antibiotic resistomes, and salinity gradient in modulating microbial community assemblage of surface water and the ecological consequences. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135428. [PMID: 35760129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ecological impacts of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on water ecology remain elusive in natural environments. We investigated the influence of antibiotics, ARGs and salinity gradient on the surface water ecosystem. Cefquinome (104.2 ± 43.6 ng/L) and cefminox (16.2 ± 7.50 ng/L) cephalosporins were predominant in all sites. Antibiotic contamination was increased in the estuary ecosystems compared to the freshwater ecosystems by 6%. Bacterial diversity could resist changes in salinity, but the relative abundance of some bacterial genera; Pseudoalteromonas, Glaciecola, norank_f__Arcobacteraceae, and Pseudohongiella was increased in the estuary zone (salinity>0.2%). The eukaryotic composition was increased in the subsaline environments (<0.2%), but the higher salinity in the saline zone inhibited the eukaryotic diversity. The relative abundance of ARGs was significantly higher in the estuary than in freshwater ecosystems, and ARGs interactions and mobile elements (aac(6')-Ib(aka_aacA4)-01, tetR-02, aacC, intI1, intI-1(clinic), qacEdelta1-01, and strB) were the predominant factors responsible for the ARGs propagation. Antibiotics associated with corresponding and non-corresponding ARGs and potentially created an adverse environment that increased the predation and pathogenicity of the aquatic food web and inhibited the metabolic functions. Surface water are first-line-ecosystems receiving antibiotics and ARGs hence our findings provided vital insights into understanding their ecological consequences on surface water ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okugbe Ebiotubo Ohore
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Address: 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Yunjie Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Address: 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Address: 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Amechi S Nwankwegu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Address: 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
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36
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Alkan A, Serdar S, Fidan D, Akbaş U, Zengin B, Kiliç MB. Spatial, temporal, and vertical variability of nutrients in the Southeastern Black Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134809. [PMID: 35508262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the nutrient concentrations along the coastal region of the Southeastern Black Sea were evaluated based on temporal, spatial, and vertical distributions. The water samples were collected seasonally in 2013 from 432 depths covering 55 stations. The nutrient concentrations showed significant spatial and temporal variations that declined abruptly from shore to offshore. The stations near the river discharge had the highest silicate, nitrate, and total dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). The highest nitrate concentrations were determined within the oxycline layer and nitrite within the suboxic layer, while phosphate, ammonium, silicate, and DIN were within the anoxic layer. The findings of this study evinced that the Southeastern Black Sea possessed lower contents of nitrate (mean ± s.d., 0.58 ± 1.17 μM), phosphate (0.12 ± 1.00 μM), than the literature values reported for the western Black Sea, but consistent to the eastern Black Sea. However, the silicate concentrations of the study area were consistent with the western Black Sea while higher than the eastern Black Sea. The Trophic Index showed that two stations located on the coast of the Samsun and Giresun were at increased risk of eutrophication due to intensive urban and industrial inputs. This study provides detailed insights on the nutrient status of the coastal Southeastern Black Sea, which should facilitate the development of long-term monitoring programs concerning environmental aspects of marine and coastal planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alkan
- Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Serdar
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, 61250, Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Dilek Fidan
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, 61250, Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Akbaş
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, 61250, Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Bayram Zengin
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, 61250, Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - M Baran Kiliç
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, 61250, Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey
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37
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Meissner KJ, Oschlies A. Plate tectonics controls ocean oxygen levels. Nature 2022; 608:480-481. [PMID: 35978115 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-02187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Wang J, Guo X, Li Y, Song G, Zhao L. Understanding the Variation of Bacteria in Response to Summertime Oxygen Depletion in Water Column of Bohai Sea. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:890973. [PMID: 35756048 PMCID: PMC9221365 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.890973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming to reveal the variation in bacteria community under oxygen depletion formed every summer in water column of central Bohai Sea, a time-scenario sampling from June to August in 2018 at a 20-day interval along one inshore-offshore transect was settled. Water samples were collected at the surface, middle, and bottom layer and then analyzed by high-throughput sequencing targeting both 16S rRNA and nosZ genes. Compared to the surface and middle water, oxygen depletion occurred at bottom layer in August. In top two layers, Cyanobacteria dominated the bacterial community, whereas heterotrophic bacteria became dominant in bottom water of Bohai Sea. Based on the time scenario, distinct community separation was observed before (June and July) and after (August) oxygen depletion (p = 0.003). Vertically, strict stratification of nosZ gene was stably formed along 3 sampling layers. As a response to oxygen depletion, the diversity indices of both total bacteria (16S rRNA) and nosZ gene-encoded denitrification bacteria all increased, which indicated the intense potential of nitrogen lose when oxygen depleted. Dissolved oxygen (DO) was the key impacting factor on the community composition of total bacteria in June, whereas nutrients together with DO play the important roles in August for both total and denitrifying bacteria. The biotic impact was revealed further by strong correlations which showed between Cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in June from co-occurrence network analysis, which became weak in August when DO was depleted. This study discovered the variation in bacteria community in oxygen-depleted water with further effort to understand the potential role of denitrifying bacteria under oxygen depletion in Bohai Sea for the first time, which provided insights into the microbial response to the world-wide expanding oxygen depletion and their contributions in the ocean nitrogen cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanying Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guisheng Song
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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39
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Song W, Liu J, Qin W, Huang J, Yu X, Xu M, Stahl D, Jiao N, Zhou J, Tu Q. Functional Traits Resolve Mechanisms Governing the Assembly and Distribution of Nitrogen-Cycling Microbial Communities in the Global Ocean. mBio 2022; 13:e0383221. [PMID: 35285696 PMCID: PMC9040759 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03832-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms drive much of the marine nitrogen (N) cycle, which jointly controls the primary production in the global ocean. However, our understanding of the microbial communities driving the global ocean N cycle remains fragmented. Focusing on "who is doing what, where, and how?", this study draws a clear picture describing the global biogeography of marine N-cycling microbial communities by utilizing the Tara Oceans shotgun metagenomes. The marine N-cycling communities are highly variable taxonomically but relatively even at the functional trait level, showing clear functional redundancy properties. The functional traits and taxonomic groups are shaped by the same set of geo-environmental factors, among which, depth is the major factor impacting marine N-cycling communities, differentiating mesopelagic from epipelagic communities. Latitudinal diversity gradients and distance-decay relationships are observed for taxonomic groups, but rarely or weakly for functional traits. The composition of functional traits is strongly deterministic as revealed by null model analysis, while a higher degree of stochasticity is observed for taxonomic composition. Integrating multiple lines of evidence, in addition to drawing a biogeographic picture of marine N-cycling communities, this study also demonstrated an essential microbial ecological theory-determinism governs the assembly of microbial communities performing essential biogeochemical processes; the environment selects functional traits rather than taxonomic groups; functional redundancy underlies stochastic taxonomic community assembly. IMPORTANCE A critical question in microbial ecology is how the complex microbial communities are formed in natural ecosystems with the existence of thousands different species, thereby performing essential ecosystem functions and maintaining ecosystem stability. Previous studies disentangling the community assembly mechanisms mainly focus on microbial taxa, ignoring the functional traits they carry. By anchoring microbial functional traits and their carrying taxonomic groups involved in nitrogen cycling processes, this study demonstrated an important mechanism associated with the complex microbial community assembly. Evidence shows that the environment selects functional traits rather than taxonomic groups, and functional redundancy underlies stochastic taxonomic community assembly. This study is expected to provide valuable mechanistic insights into the complex microbial community assembly in both natural and artificial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Song
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jihua Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jun Huang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengzhao Xu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
| | - David Stahl
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Qichao Tu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
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Milne R, Bauch CT, Anand M. Local Overfishing Patterns Have Regional Effects on Health of Coral, and Economic Transitions Can Promote Its Recovery. Bull Math Biol 2022; 84:46. [PMID: 35182222 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-022-01000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Overfishing has the potential to severely disrupt coral reef ecosystems worldwide, while harvesting at more sustainable levels instead can boost fish yield without damaging reefs. The dispersal abilities of reef species mean that coral reefs form highly connected environments, and the viability of reef fish populations depends on spatially explicit processes such as the spillover effect and unauthorized harvesting inside marine protected areas. However, much of the literature on coral conservation and management has only examined overfishing on a local scale, without considering how different spatial patterns of fishing levels can affect reef health both locally and regionally. Here, we simulate a coupled human-environment model to determine how coral and herbivorous reef fish respond to overfishing across multiple spatial scales. We find that coral and reef fish react in opposite ways to habitat fragmentation driven by overfishing, and that a potential spillover effect from marine protected areas into overfished patches helps coral populations far less than it does reef fish. We also show that ongoing economic transitions from fishing to tourism have the potential to revive fish and coral populations over a relatively short timescale, and that large-scale reef recovery is possible even if these transitions only occur locally. Our results show the importance of considering spatial dynamics in marine conservation efforts and demonstrate the ability of economic factors to cause regime shifts in human-environment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Milne
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. .,School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
| | - Chris T Bauch
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Madhur Anand
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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41
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Duncan RJ, Nielsen DA, Sheehan CE, Deppeler S, Hancock AM, Schulz KG, Davidson AT, Petrou K. Ocean acidification alters the nutritional value of Antarctic diatoms. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1813-1827. [PMID: 34988987 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary production in the Southern Ocean is dominated by diatom-rich phytoplankton assemblages, whose individual physiological characteristics and community composition are strongly shaped by the environment, yet knowledge on how diatoms allocate cellular energy in response to ocean acidification (OA) is limited. Understanding such changes in allocation is integral to determining the nutritional quality of diatoms and the subsequent impacts on the trophic transfer of energy and nutrients. Using synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, we analysed the macromolecular content of selected individual diatom taxa from a natural Antarctic phytoplankton community exposed to a gradient of fCO2 levels (288-1263 µatm). Strong species-specific differences in macromolecular partitioning were observed under OA. Large taxa showed preferential energy allocation towards proteins, while smaller taxa increased both lipid and protein stores at high fCO2 . If these changes are representative of future Antarctic diatom physiology, we may expect a shift away from lipid-rich large diatoms towards a community dominated by smaller taxa, but with higher lipid and protein stores than their present-day contemporaries, a response that could have cascading effects on food web dynamics in the Antarctic marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Duncan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Department of Arctic Biology, The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, 9171, Norway
| | - Daniel A Nielsen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Cristin E Sheehan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Stacy Deppeler
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Alyce M Hancock
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
- Antarctic Gateway Partnership, Battery Point, Tas., 7004, Australia
- Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
| | - Kai G Schulz
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Andrew T Davidson
- Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
- Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment and Energy, Hobart, Tas., 7050, Australia
| | - Katherina Petrou
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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42
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Pashaei R, Zahedipour-Sheshglani P, Dzingelevičienė R, Abbasi S, Rees RM. Effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:105. [PMID: 35044585 PMCID: PMC8766359 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil have recently become an increasingly important issue for environmental research. However, a few studies have investigated the direct effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil. Pharmaceuticals can contribute to inhibition and stimulation of nitrogen cycle processes in the environment. Some pharmaceuticals have no observable effect on the nitrogen cycle in water and soil while others appeared to inhibit or stimulate for it. This review reports on the most recent evidence of effects of pharmaceuticals on the nitrogen cycle processes by examination of the potential impact of pharmaceuticals on nitrogen fixation, nitrification, ammonification, denitrification, and anammox. Research studies have identified pharmaceuticals that can either inhibit or stimulate nitrification, ammonification, denitrification, and anammox. Among these, amoxicillin, chlortetracycline, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, narasin, norfloxacin, and sulfamethazine had the most significant effects on nitrogen cycle processes. This review also clearly demonstrates that some nitrogen transformation processes such as nitrification show much higher sensitivity to the presence of pharmaceuticals than other nitrogen transformations or flows such as mineralization or ammonia volatilization. We conclude by suggesting that future studies take a more comprehensive approach to report on pharmaceuticals' impact on the nitrogen cycle process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Pashaei
- Marine Research Institute of Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | | | | | - Sajjad Abbasi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert M. Rees
- Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), West Mains Rd. Edinburgh, Scotland, EH9 3JG UK
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Zheng LW, Zhai WD. Excess nitrogen in the Bohai and Yellow seas, China: Distribution, trends, and source apportionment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148702. [PMID: 34214818 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Bohai and Yellow seas are marginal seas of the western North Pacific, characterized by coastal eutrophication and populated coastlines. In this work, six survey datasets collected between 2011 and 2018 were used to investigate the excess of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) related to soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), referred to as N*, in the Bohai and Yellow seas. High N* of more than 5 μmol kg-1 occurred mostly in the Changjiang and Yellow River plumes and/or near the Jiangsu coast. Away from these river plumes and the Jiangsu coast, however, N* usually ranged from -2.5 to 1.0 μmol kg-1. Combining our field data and previously published data, we found that N* in the Bohai and Yellow seas increased in the 1990s and 2000s, likely caused by the combined effect of atmospheric nitrogen deposition increase and the Kuroshio N* rise. In the 2010s, however, the coastal N* increases stopped. Based on a N*-budgeting approach, marine N (either from in situ decomposition of marine organic matters or from the open seas via current inputs) and non-marine N (either from riverine inputs or from local atmospheric nitrogen deposition) were distinguished. Marine N accounted for 51% ± 38% of DIN in the Bohai Sea and 67% ± 37% of DIN in the Yellow Sea. Although this is a regional study, we suggest that accumulation of atmospheric nitrogen along oceanic circulation pathways dominates the decadal evolution of coastal eutrophication. These findings and new insights may improve management of eutrophication in these two important marginal seas, and will also improve our understanding of nutrient dynamics in other marine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Zheng
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhai
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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44
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Abirami B, Radhakrishnan M, Kumaran S, Wilson A. Impacts of global warming on marine microbial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:147905. [PMID: 34126492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in ocean ecosystems alters temperature, acidification, oxygen content, circulation, stratification, and nutrient inputs. Microorganisms play a dominant role in global biogeochemical cycles crucial for a planet's sustainability. Since microbial communities are highly dependent on the temperature factor, fluctuations in the same will lead to adverse effects on the microbial community organization. Throughout the Ocean, increase in evaporation rates causes the surface mixed layer to become shallower. This intensified stratification inhibits vertical transport of nutrient supplies. Such density driven processes will decrease oxygen solubility in surface waters leading to significant decrease of oxygen from future Ocean. Metabolism and diversity of microbes along with ocean biogeochemistry will be at great risk due to global warming and its related effects. As a response to the changes in temperature, alteration in the distribution of phytoplankta communities is observed all over the planet, creating changes in the primary production of the ocean causing massive impact on the biosphere. Marine microbial communities try to adapt to the changing ocean environmental conditions by responding with biogeographic range shifts, community structure modifications, and adaptive evolution. Persistence of this climate change on ocean ecosystems, in future, will pose serious threat to the metabolism and distribution of marine microbes leading to fluctuations in the biogeochemical cycles thereby affecting the overall ecosystem functioning. Genomics plays an important role in marine microbial research by providing tools to study the association between environment and organisms. The ecological and genomic perspectives of marine microbes are being investigated to design effective models to understand their physiology and evolution in a changing ocean. Mesocosm/microcosm experimental studies and field studies are in the need of the hour to evaluate the impact of climate shifts on microbial genesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baskaran Abirami
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikkam Radhakrishnan
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Kumaran
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aruni Wilson
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA; Musculoskeletal Disease Research Laboratory, US Department of Veteran Affairs, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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45
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Wu J, Hong Y, Wilson SJ, Song B. Microbial nitrogen loss by coupled nitrification to denitrification and anammox in a permeable subterranean estuary at Gloucester Point, Virginia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112440. [PMID: 33971455 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen (N) loss processes have not been well examined in subterranean estuaries (STEs) between land and sea. We utilized a 15N isotope tracer method, q-PCR, and high-throughput sequencing to reveal the activities, abundances, and community compositions of N loss communities in a STE in Gloucester Point, Virginia, US. The highest activities, abundances and diversity of denitrifiers and anammox bacteria were detected at 50-60 cm depth in the aerobic-anaerobic transition zone (AATZ) characterized by sharp redox gradients. nirS-denitrifiers and anammox bacteria were affiliated to 10 different clusters and three genera, respectively. Denitrification and anammox played equal roles with an estimated N loss of 13.15 mmol N m-3 day-1. A positive correlation between ammonia oxidizing prokaryote abundances and DO as well as NOx- suggested that nitrification produces NOx- which supports the hotspot of denitrification and anammox within the AATZ. Overall, these results highlight the roles of N loss communities in STEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Stephanie J Wilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, Gloucester Point, USA
| | - Bongkeun Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, Gloucester Point, USA.
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46
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Physical mixing in coastal waters controls and decouples nitrification via biomass dilution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2004877118. [PMID: 33903227 PMCID: PMC8106330 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2004877118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in both quantity and speciation of nitrogen in coastal waters impact phytoplankton communities, contributing to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms. Multidisciplinary oceanographic time series of high resolution are rare but crucial for identifying complex mechanisms that underlie such anthropogenic impacts. Analysis and modeling of such a time series from a seasonally stratified fjord showed that dilution of nitrifier biomass by variable winter mixing altered the timing and rates of nitrification, which converts ammonia to nitrite and nitrate. This reveals a link among climate-sensitive physical dynamics, nitrifier abundance, and diversity, with controls on phytoplankton ecology. The findings imply that explicit measurement and modeling of microbial communities will be required to project impacts of climate change on coastal ecosystems. Nitrification is a central process of the aquatic nitrogen cycle that controls the supply of nitrate used in other key processes, such as phytoplankton growth and denitrification. Through time series observation and modeling of a seasonally stratified, eutrophic coastal basin, we demonstrate that physical dilution of nitrifying microorganisms by water column mixing can delay and decouple nitrification. The findings are based on a 4-y, weekly time series in the subsurface water of Bedford Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada, that included measurement of functional (amoA) and phylogenetic (16S rRNA) marker genes. In years with colder winters, more intense winter mixing resulted in strong dilution of resident nitrifiers in subsurface water, delaying nitrification for weeks to months despite availability of ammonium and oxygen. Delayed regrowth of nitrifiers also led to transient accumulation of nitrite (3 to 8 μmol · kgsw−1) due to decoupling of ammonia and nitrite oxidation. Nitrite accumulation was enhanced by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonadaceae) with fast enzyme kinetics, which temporarily outcompeted the ammonia-oxidizing archaea (Nitrosopumilus) that dominated under more stable conditions. The study reveals how physical mixing can drive seasonal and interannual variations in nitrification through control of microbial biomass and diversity. Variable, mixing-induced effects on functionally specialized microbial communities are likely relevant to biogeochemical transformation rates in other seasonally stratified water columns. The detailed study reveals a complex mechanism through which weather and climate variability impacts nitrogen speciation, with implications for coastal ecosystem productivity. It also emphasizes the value of high-frequency, multiparameter time series for identifying complex controls of biogeochemical processes in aquatic systems.
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47
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Back DY, Ha SY, Else B, Hanson M, Jones SF, Shin KH, Tatarek A, Wiktor JM, Cicek N, Alam S, Mundy CJ. On the impact of wastewater effluent on phytoplankton in the Arctic coastal zone: A case study in the Kitikmeot Sea of the Canadian Arctic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:143861. [PMID: 33383224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a case study on the impact of effluent from a wastewater lagoon-wetland system on phytoplankton and local primary production near a coastal Arctic community (Cambridge Bay) over spring to fall 2018. Results are also placed within an interannual and regional context for the surrounding Kitikmeot Sea. We find the shallow, relatively fresh Kitikmeot Sea is one of the most nutrient-deplete regions of the Arctic Ocean with NO3- + NO2- concentrations below the surface mixed layer rarely exceeding 2 μmol L-1 and a N:Si:P ratio of 1:6:1. The fjordal-type bathymetry of the main study site and a persistent pycnocline below the bay's exit sill led to slightly elevated N:Si:P of 3:11:1 through trapping of wastewater-sourced N at depth via sinking and remineralization of primary production. Total production in Cambridge Bay over the 3-month open water period was 12.1 g C m-2 with 70% of this production occurring during the 1-month discharge of wastewater into the system. Local primary production responded rapidly to high NO3- + NO2-, NH4+ and PON concentrations provided by wastewater effluent, comprising up to 20% of the production during the discharge period. Remaining production was mostly explained by the deep nutrient pool in the bay, which was only accessed towards the end of the discharge period as the diatom-dominated deep chlorophyll maximum settled below the pycnocline. Although not yet eutrophic, caution is raised at the rapid response of the marine system to wastewater release with a strong recommendation to develop a research and monitoring plan for the bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Young Back
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Sun-Yong Ha
- Division of Polar Ocean Science, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Brent Else
- Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mark Hanson
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Samantha F Jones
- Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Agnieszka Tatarek
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Józef M Wiktor
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Nazim Cicek
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
| | - Shah Alam
- Department of Community and Government Services, Government of Nunavut, Cambridge Bay, NU X0B 0C0, Canada
| | - C J Mundy
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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48
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Temino-Boes R, García-Bartual R, Romero I, Romero-Lopez R. Future trends of dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations in Northwestern Mediterranean coastal waters under climate change. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 282:111739. [PMID: 33461817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems are amongst the most vulnerable to climate change, due to their location at the land-sea interface. In coastal waters, the nitrogen cycle can be significantly altered by rising temperatures and other factors derived from climate change, affecting phytoplankton and higher trophic levels. This research analyzes the effect of meteorological variables on dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) species in coastal inshore waters of a Northwestern Mediterranean region under climate change. We built simple mathematical schemes based on artificial neural networks (ANN), trained with field data. Then, we used regional climatic projections for the Spanish Mediterranean coast to provide inputs to the trained ANNs, and thus, allowing the estimation of future DIN trends throughout the 21st century. The results obtained indicate that nitrite and nitrate concentrations are expected to decrease mainly due to rising temperatures and decreasing continental inputs. Major changes are projected for the winter season, driven by a rise in minimum temperatures which decrease the nitrite and nitrate peaks observed at low temperatures. Ammonium concentrations are not expected to undergo a significant annual trend but may either increase or decrease during some months. These results entail a preliminary simplified approach to estimate the impact of meteorological changes on DIN concentrations in coastal waters under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Temino-Boes
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain.
| | - Rafael García-Bartual
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Romero
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
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Parsons C, Stüeken EE, Rosen CJ, Mateos K, Anderson RE. Radiation of nitrogen-metabolizing enzymes across the tree of life tracks environmental transitions in Earth history. GEOBIOLOGY 2021; 19:18-34. [PMID: 33108025 PMCID: PMC7894544 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential element to life and exerts a strong control on global biological productivity. The rise and spread of nitrogen-utilizing microbial metabolisms profoundly shaped the biosphere on the early Earth. Here, we reconciled gene and species trees to identify birth and horizontal gene transfer events for key nitrogen-cycling genes, dated with a time-calibrated tree of life, in order to examine the timing of the proliferation of these metabolisms across the tree of life. Our results provide new insights into the evolution of the early nitrogen cycle that expand on geochemical reconstructions. We observed widespread horizontal gene transfer of molybdenum-based nitrogenase back to the Archean, minor horizontal transfer of genes for nitrate reduction in the Archean, and an increase in the proliferation of genes metabolizing nitrite around the time of the Mesoproterozoic (~1.5 Ga). The latter coincides with recent geochemical evidence for a mid-Proterozoic rise in oxygen levels. Geochemical evidence of biological nitrate utilization in the Archean and early Proterozoic may reflect at least some contribution of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) rather than pure denitrification to N2 . Our results thus help unravel the relative dominance of two metabolic pathways that are not distinguishable with current geochemical tools. Overall, our findings thus provide novel constraints for understanding the evolution of the nitrogen cycle over time and provide insights into the bioavailability of various nitrogen sources in the early Earth with possible implications for the emergence of eukaryotic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Parsons
- Carleton CollegeNorthfieldMNUSA
- Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Rika E. Anderson
- Carleton CollegeNorthfieldMNUSA
- NASA NExSS Virtual Planetary LaboratoryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
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50
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Liu Y, Ding H, Sun Y, Li Y, Lu A. Genome Analysis of a Marine Bacterium Halomonas sp. and Its Role in Nitrate Reduction under the Influence of Photoelectrons. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1529. [PMID: 33027938 PMCID: PMC7650824 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The solar light response and photoelectrons produced by widespread semiconducting mineral play important roles in biogeochemical cycles on Earth's surface. To explore the potential influence of photoelectrons generated by semiconducting mineral particles on nitrate-reducing microorganisms in the photic zone, a marine heterotrophic denitrifier Halomonas sp. strain 3727 was isolated from seawater in the photic zone of the Yellow Sea, China. This strain was classified as a Halomonadaceae. Whole-genome analysis indicated that this strain possessed genes encoding the nitrogen metabolism, i.e., narG, nasA, nirBD, norZ, nosB, and nxr, which sustained dissimilatory nitrate reduction, assimilatory nitrate reduction, and nitrite oxidation. This strain also possessed genes related to carbon, sulfur, and other metabolisms, hinting at its substantial metabolic flexibility. A series of microcosm experiments in a simulative photoelectron system was conducted, and the results suggested that this bacterial strain could use simulated photoelectrons with different energy for nitrate reduction. Nitrite, as an intermediate product, was accumulated during the nitrate reduction with limited ammonia residue. The nitrite and ammonia productions differed with or without different energy electron supplies. Nitrite was the main product accounting for 30.03% to 68.40% of the total nitrogen in photoelectron supplement systems, and ammonia accounted for 3.77% to 8.52%. However, in open-circuit systems, nitrite and ammonia proportions were 26.77% and 11.17%, respectively, and nitrogen loss in the liquid was not observed. This study reveals that photoelectrons can serve as electron donors for nitrogen transformation mediated by Halomonas sp. strain 3727, which reveals an underlying impact on the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle in the marine photic zone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongrui Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China; (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | | | | | - Anhuai Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China; (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
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