1
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de Los Reyes P, Serrano-Bueno G, Romero-Campero FJ, Gao H, Romero JM, Valverde F. CONSTANS alters the circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:1204-1220. [PMID: 38894538 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that have acquired highly plastic developmental strategies to adapt to the environment. Among these processes, the floral transition is essential to ensure reproductive success and is finely regulated by several internal and external genetic networks. The photoperiodic pathway, which controls plant response to day length, is one of the most important pathways controlling flowering. In Arabidopsis photoperiodic flowering, CONSTANS (CO) is the central gene activating the expression of the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in the leaves at the end of a long day. The circadian clock strongly regulates CO expression. However, to date, no evidence has been reported regarding a feedback loop from the photoperiod pathway back to the circadian clock. Using transcriptional networks, we have identified relevant network motifs regulating the interplay between the circadian clock and the photoperiod pathway. Gene expression, chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, and phenotypic analysis allowed us to elucidate the role of CO over the circadian clock. Plants with altered CO expression showed a different internal clock period, measured by daily leaf rhythmic movements. We showed that CO upregulates the expression of key genes related to the circadian clock, such as CCA1, LHY, PRR5, and GI, at the end of a long day by binding to specific sites on their promoters. Moreover, a high number of PRR5-repressed target genes are upregulated by CO, and this could explain the phase transition promoted by CO. The CO-PRR5 complex interacts with the bZIP transcription factor HY5 and helps to localize the complex in the promoters of clock genes. Taken together, our results indicate that there may be a feedback loop in which CO communicates back to the circadian clock, providing seasonal information to the circadian system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro de Los Reyes
- Plant Development Group - Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Gloria Serrano-Bueno
- Plant Development Group - Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Department of Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J Romero-Campero
- Plant Development Group - Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - He Gao
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jose M Romero
- Plant Development Group - Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Department of Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Federico Valverde
- Plant Development Group - Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
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Singh D, Dwivedi S, Sinha H, Singh N, Trivedi PK. Mutation in shoot-to-root mobile transcription factor, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5, leads to low nicotine levels in tobacco. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133255. [PMID: 38103287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco remains one of the most commercially important crops due to the parasympathomimetic alkaloid nicotine used in cigarettes. Most genes involved in nicotine biosynthesis are expressed in root tissues; however, their light-dependent regulation has not been studied. Here, we identified the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 homolog, NtHY5, from Nicotiana tabacum and demonstrated that NtHY5 could complement the Arabidopsis thaliana hy5 mutant at molecular, morphological and biochemical levels. We report the development of CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout mutant plants of tobacco, NtHY5CR, and show down-regulation of the nicotine and phenylpropanoid pathway genes leading to a significant reduction in nicotine and flavonol content, whereas NtHY5 overexpression (NtHY5OX) plants show the opposite effect. Grafting experiments using wild-type, NtHY5CR, and NtHY5OX indicated that NtHY5 moves from shoot-to-root to regulate nicotine biosynthesis in the root tissue. Shoot HY5, directly or through enhancing expression of the root HY5, promotes nicotine biosynthesis by binding to light-responsive G-boxes present in the NtPMT, NtQPT and NtODC promoters. We conclude that the mobility of HY5 from shoot-to-root regulates light-dependent nicotine biosynthesis. The CRISPR/Cas9-based mutants developed, in this study; with low nicotine accumulation in leaves could help people to overcome their nicotine addiction and the risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shambhavi Dwivedi
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Hiteshwari Sinha
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nivedita Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India.
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3
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Jiang Q, Jiang W, Hu N, Tang R, Dong Y, Wu H, Liu T, Guan L, Zhang H, Hou J, Chai G, Wang Z. Light-Induced TaHY5-7A and TaBBX-3B Physically Interact to Promote PURPLE PERICARP-MYB 1 Expression in Purple-Grained Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2996. [PMID: 37631208 PMCID: PMC10458647 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Purple-grained wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important germplasm source in crop breeding. Anthocyanin biosynthesis in the pericarps of purple-grained wheat is largely light-dependent; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in the wheat pericarp remain unknown. Here we determined that anthocyanins rapidly accumulate in the pericarps of the purple-grained wheat cultivar Heixiaomai 76 (H76) at 16 days after pollination under light treatment. Using transcriptome sequencing, differential gene expression analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we identified two key genes involved in light signaling in wheat: ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5-7A (TaHY5-7A) and B-BOX-3B (TaBBX-3B). TaHY5-7A and TaBBX-3B were highly expressed in purple-grained wheat pericarps. The heterologous expression of TaHY5-7A partially restored the phenotype of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) hy5 mutant, resulting in increased anthocyanin accumulation and a shortened hypocotyl. The heterologous expression of TaBBX-3B in wild-type Arabidopsis had similar effects. TaHY5-7A and TaBBX-3B were nucleus-localized, consistent with a function in transcription regulation. However, TaHY5-7A, which lacks a transactivation domain, was not sufficient to activate the expression of PURPLE PERICARP-MYB 1 (TaPpm1), the key anthocyanin biosynthesis regulator in purple pericarps of wheat. TaHY5-7A physically interacted with TaBBX-3B in yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Additionally, TaHY5-7A, together with TaBBX-3B, greatly enhanced the promoter activity of TaPpm1 in a dual luciferase assay. Overall, our results suggest that TaHY5-7A and TaBBX-3B collaboratively activate TaPpm1 expression to promote light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple-pericarp wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China;
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Rui Tang
- College of Biological Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (R.T.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yuxuan Dong
- College of Biological Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (R.T.); (Y.D.)
| | - Hongqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Lulu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Hanbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Junbin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Guaiqiang Chai
- College of Life Science, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Q.J.); (N.H.); (H.W.); (T.L.); (L.G.); (H.Z.); (J.H.)
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4
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Zhao X, Li P, Zuo H, Peng A, Lin J, Li P, Wang K, Tang Q, Tadege M, Liu Z, Zhao J. CsMYBL2 homologs modulate the light and temperature stress-regulated anthocyanin and catechins biosynthesis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1051-1070. [PMID: 37162381 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin and catechin production in tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves can positively affect tea quality; however, their regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we report that, while the CsMYB75- or CsMYB86-directed MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complexes differentially activate anthocyanin or catechin biosynthesis in tea leaves, respectively, CsMYBL2a and CsMYBL2b homologs negatively modified the light- and temperature-induced anthocyanin and catechin production in both Arabidopsis and tea plants. The MBW complexes activated both anthocyanin synthesis genes and the downstream repressor genes CsMYBL2a and CsMYBL2b. Overexpression of CsMYBL2b, but not CsMYBL2a, repressed Arabidopsis leaf anthocyanin accumulation and seed coat proanthocyanin production. CsMYBL2b strongly and CsMYBL2a weakly repressed the activating effects of CsMYB75/CsMYB86 on CsDFR and CsANS, due to their different EAR and TLLLFR domains and interactions with CsTT8/CsGL3, interfering with the functions of activating MBW complexes. CsMYBL2b and CsMYBL2a in tea leaves play different roles in fine-tuning CsMYB75/CsMYB86-MBW activation of biosynthesis of anthocyanins and catechins, respectively. The CsbZIP1-CsmiR858a-CsMYBL2 module mediated the UV-B- or cold-activated CsMYB75/CsMYB86 regulation of anthocyanin/catechin biosynthesis by repressing CsMYBL2a and CsMYBL2b. Similarly, the CsCOP1-CsbZIP1-CsPIF3 module, and BR signaling as well, mediated the high temperature repression of anthocyanin and catechin biosynthesis through differentially upregulating CsMYBL2b and CsMYBL2a, respectively. The present study provides new insights into the complex regulatory networks in environmental stress-modified flavonoid production in tea plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hao Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Anqi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Junming Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Penghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qian Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Million Tadege
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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5
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Mankotia S, Singh D, Monika K, Kalra M, Meena H, Meena V, Yadav RK, Pandey AK, Satbhai SB. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 regulates BRUTUS and affects iron acquisition and homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1267-1284. [PMID: 36920240 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for both plants and animals. Fe-limitation significantly reduces crop yield and adversely impacts on human nutrition. Owing to limited bioavailability of Fe in soil, plants have adapted different strategies that not only regulate Fe-uptake and homeostasis but also bring modifications in root system architecture to enhance survival. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the root growth responses will have critical implications for plant breeding. Fe-uptake is regulated by a cascade of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) in plants. In this study, we report that HY5 (Elongated Hypocotyl 5), a member of the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of TFs, plays an important role in the Fe-deficiency signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The hy5 mutant failed to mount optimum Fe-deficiency responses, and displayed root growth defects under Fe-limitation. Our analysis revealed that the induction of the genes involved in Fe-uptake pathway (FIT-FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, FRO2-FERRIC REDUCTION OXIDASE 2 and IRT1-IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER1) is reduced in the hy5 mutant as compared with the wild-type plants under Fe-deficiency. Moreover, we also found that the expression of coumarin biosynthesis genes is affected in the hy5 mutant under Fe-deficiency. Our results also showed that HY5 negatively regulates BRUTUS (BTS) and POPEYE (PYE). Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed direct binding of HY5 to the promoters of BTS, FRO2 and PYE. Altogether, our results showed that HY5 plays an important role in the regulation of Fe-deficiency responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samriti Mankotia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Dhriti Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Kumari Monika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Muskan Kalra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Himani Meena
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Varsha Meena
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Ram Kishor Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Santosh B Satbhai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
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Lyu X, Mu R, Liu B. Shade avoidance syndrome in soybean and ideotype toward shade tolerance. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:31. [PMID: 37313527 PMCID: PMC10248688 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) in soybean can have destructive effects on yield, as essential carbon resources reserved for yield are diverted to the petiole and stem for exaggerated elongation, resulting in lodging and susceptibility to disease. Despite numerous attempts to reduce the unfavorable impacts of SAS for the development of cultivars suitable for high-density planting or intercropping, the genetic bases and fundamental mechanisms of SAS remain largely unclear. The extensive research conducted in the model plant Arabidopsis provides a framework for understanding the SAS in soybean. Nevertheless, recent investigations suggest that the knowledge obtained from model Arabidopsis may not be applicable to all processes in soybean. Consequently, further efforts are required to identify the genetic regulators of SAS in soybean for molecular breeding of high-yield cultivars suitable for density farming. In this review, we present an overview of the recent developments in SAS studies in soybean and suggest an ideal planting architecture for shade-tolerant soybean intended for high-yield breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Lyu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruolan Mu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Yue L, Pei X, Kong F, Zhao L, Lin X. Divergence of functions and expression patterns of soybean bZIP transcription factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1150363. [PMID: 37123868 PMCID: PMC10146240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1150363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is a major protein and oil crop. Soybean basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are involved in many regulatory pathways, including yield, stress responses, environmental signaling, and carbon-nitrogen balance. Here, we discuss the members of the soybean bZIP family and their classification: 161 members have been identified and clustered into 13 groups. Our review of the transcriptional regulation and functions of soybean bZIP members provides important information for future study of bZIP transcription factors and genetic resources for soybean breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Pei
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoya Lin, ; Lin Zhao,
| | - Xiaoya Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoya Lin, ; Lin Zhao,
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Luo C, Liu L, Zhao J, Xu Y, Liu H, Chen D, Cheng X, Gao J, Hong B, Huang C, Ma C. CmHY5 functions in apigenin biosynthesis by regulating flavone synthase II expression in chrysanthemum flowers. PLANTA 2022; 257:7. [PMID: 36478305 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The predominant flavones in the ray florets of chrysanthemum flowers are apigenin and its derivatives. CmHY5 participates in apigenin biosynthesis by directly regulating the expression of FNSII-1 in chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) flowers have been used for centuries as functional food and in herbal tea and traditional medicine. The chrysanthemum flower contains significant amounts of the biologically active compound flavones, which has medicinal properties. However, the mechanism regulating flavones biosynthesis in chrysanthemum flowers organs is still unclear. Here, we compared the transcriptomes and metabolomes of different floral organs between two cultivars with contrasting flavone levels in their flowers. We identified 186 flavonoids by metabolome analysis. The predominant flavones in the ray florets of chrysanthemum flowers are apigenin and its derivatives, of which the contents are highly correlated with the expression of flavones synthase II gene CmFNSII-1. We also determined that CmHY5 is a direct upstream regulator of CmFNSII-1 transcription. We showed that CmHY5 RNAi interference lines in chrysanthemum have lower contents of apigenin compared to wild-type chrysanthemum. Our results demonstrated that CmHY5 participates in flavone biosynthesis by directly regulating the expression of FNSII-1 in chrysanthemum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100092, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100092, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100092, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bo Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100092, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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9
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Qamar N, Pandey M, Vasudevan M, Kumar A, Shasany AK. Glandular trichome specificity of menthol biosynthesis pathway gene promoters from Mentha × piperita. PLANTA 2022; 256:110. [PMID: 36350410 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Several cis-elements including Myb-binding motifs together confer glandular trichome specificity as revealed from heterologous expression and analysis of menthol biosynthesis pathway gene promoters. Glandular Trichomes (GTs) are result of division of epidermal cells that produce diverse metabolites. Species of mint family are important for their essential oil containing many high-value terpenoids, biosynthesized and stored in these GTs. Hence, GTs constitute attractive targets for metabolic engineering and GT-specific promoters are important. In this investigation, the upstream regions of the Mentha × piperita menthol biosynthetic pathway genes (-)-limonene synthase, (-)-P450 limonene-3- hydroxylase, (-)-trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase, (-)-Isopiperitenone reductase, ( +)-Pulegone reductase, (-)-Menthone reductase/ (-)-Menthol dehydrogenase and a branched pathway gene ( +)-menthofuran synthase were isolated and characterized. These fragments, fused to β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene of pBI101 binary vector, are able to drive high level gene expression in transgenic tobacco trichomes with strong signals in GTs, except for (-)-Isopiperitenone reductase. The GT-enriched tissue from transformed plants were analysed for GUS enzyme activity and RNA expression which correlates the GUS staining. To characterize the cis-elements responsible for GT-specific expression, a series of 5' deletion constructs for MpPLS and MpPMFS were cloned and analysed in stable transgenic tobacco lines. The specificity of trichome expression was located to - 797 to- 598 bp sequence for (-)-limonene synthase and- 629 to - 530 bp for ( +)-menthofuran synthase promoters containing specific Myb-binding motifs in addition to other unique motifs described for developmental regulation without any defined pattern. All other pathway promoters also recruits specific but different Myb factors as indicated by this analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Qamar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR -Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Mytrai Pandey
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR -Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | | | - Ashish Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR -Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Shasany
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR -Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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10
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CabZIP23 Integrates in CabZIP63-CaWRKY40 Cascade and Turns CabZIP63 on Mounting Pepper Immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum via Physical Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052656. [PMID: 35269798 PMCID: PMC8910381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CabZIP63 and CaWRKY40 were previously found to be shared in the pepper defense response to high temperature stress (HTS) and to Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation (RSI), forming a transcriptional cascade. However, how they activate the two distinct defense responses is not fully understood. Herein, using a revised genetic approach, we functionally characterized CabZIP23 in the CabZIP63-CaWRKY40 cascade and its context specific pepper immunity activation against RSI by interaction with CabZIP63. CabZIP23 was originally found by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry to be an interacting protein of CabZIP63-GFP; it was upregulated by RSI and acted positively in pepper immunity against RSI by virus induced gene silencing in pepper plants, and transient overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. By chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR and electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA), CabZIP23 was found to be directly regulated by CaWRKY40, and CabZIP63 was directly regulated by CabZIP23, forming a positive feedback loop. CabZIP23-CabZIP63 interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) and bimolecular fluorescent complimentary (BiFC) assays, which promoted CabZIP63 binding immunity related target genes, including CaPR1, CaNPR1 and CaWRKY40, thereby enhancing pepper immunity against RSI, but not affecting the expression of thermotolerance related CaHSP24. All these data appear to show that CabZIP23 integrates in the CabZIP63-CaWRKY40 cascade and the context specifically turns it on mounting pepper immunity against RSI.
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11
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Ji H, Xiao R, Lyu X, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Deng Z, Wang Y, Wang H, Li R, Chai Q, Hao Y, Xu Q, Liao J, Wang Q, Liu Y, Tang R, Liu B, Li X. Differential light-dependent regulation of soybean nodulation by papilionoid-specific HY5 homologs. Curr Biol 2022; 32:783-795.e5. [PMID: 35081330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Legumes have evolved photosynthesis and symbiotic nitrogen fixation for the acquisition of energy and nitrogen nutrients. During the transition from heterotrophic to autotrophic growth, blue light primarily triggers photosynthesis and low soil nitrogen induces symbiotic nodulation. Whether and how darkness and blue light influence root symbiotic nodulation during this transition is unknown. Here, we show that short-term darkness promotes nodulation and that blue light inhibits nodulation through two soybean TGACG-motif-binding factors (STF1 and STF2), which are Papilionoideae-specific transcription factors and divergent orthologs of Arabidopsis ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5). STF1 and STF2 negatively regulate soybean nodulation by repressing the transcription of nodule inception a (GmNINa), which is a central regulator of nodulation, in response to darkness and blue light. STF1 and STF2 are not capable of moving from the shoots to roots, and they act both locally and systemically to mediate darkness- and blue-light-regulated nodulation. We further show that cryptochromes GmCRY1s are required for nodulation in the dark and partially contribute to the blue light inhibition of nodulation. In addition, root GmCRY1s mediate blue-light-induced transcription of STF1 and STF2, and intriguingly, GmCRY1b can interact with STF1 and STF2 to stabilize the protein stability of STF1 and STF2. Our results establish that the blue light receptor GmCRY1s-STF1/2 module plays a pivotal role in integrating darkness/blue light and nodulation signals. Furthermore, our findings reveal a molecular basis by which photosensory pathways modulate nodulation and autotrophic growth through an intricate interplay facilitating seedling establishment in response to low nitrogen and light signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Renhao Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangguang Lyu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuehai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhijuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Yongliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ran Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingqing Chai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongfang Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junwen Liao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruizhen Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xia Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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12
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Li C, Qi L, Zhang S, Dong X, Jing Y, Cheng J, Feng Z, Peng J, Li H, Zhou Y, Wang X, Han R, Duan J, Terzaghi W, Lin R, Li J. Mutual upregulation of HY5 and TZP in mediating phytochrome A signaling. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:633-654. [PMID: 34741605 PMCID: PMC8774092 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phytochrome A (phyA) is the far-red (FR) light photoreceptor in plants that is essential for seedling de-etiolation under FR-rich environments, such as canopy shade. TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 (TZP) was recently identified as a key component of phyA signal transduction in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, how TZP is integrated into the phyA signaling networks remains largely obscure. Here, we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a well-characterized transcription factor promoting photomorphogenesis, mediates FR light induction of TZP expression by directly binding to a G-box motif in the TZP promoter. Furthermore, TZP physically interacts with CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase targeting HY5 for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation, and this interaction inhibits COP1 interaction with HY5. Consistent with those results, TZP post-translationally promotes HY5 protein stability in FR light, and in turn, TZP protein itself is destabilized by COP1 in both dark and FR light conditions. Moreover, tzp hy5 double mutants display an additive phenotype relative to their respective single mutants under high FR light intensities, indicating that TZP and HY5 also function in largely independent pathways. Together, our data demonstrate that HY5 and TZP mutually upregulate each other in transmitting the FR light signal, thus providing insights into the complicated but delicate control of phyA signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lijuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaoman Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjun Jing
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jinkui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziyi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Run Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - William Terzaghi
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766, USA
| | - Rongcheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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13
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Xiao Y, Chu L, Zhang Y, Bian Y, Xiao J, Xu D. HY5: A Pivotal Regulator of Light-Dependent Development in Higher Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:800989. [PMID: 35111179 PMCID: PMC8801436 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.800989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a bZIP-type transcription factor, acts as a master regulator that regulates various physiological and biological processes in plants such as photomorphogenesis, root growth, flavonoid biosynthesis and accumulation, nutrient acquisition, and response to abiotic stresses. HY5 is evolutionally conserved in function among various plant species. HY5 acts as a master regulator of light-mediated transcriptional regulatory hub that directly or indirectly controls the transcription of approximately one-third of genes at the whole genome level. The transcription, protein abundance, and activity of HY5 are tightly modulated by a variety of factors through distinct regulatory mechanisms. This review primarily summarizes recent advances on HY5-mediated molecular and physiological processes and regulatory mechanisms on HY5 in the model plant Arabidopsis as well as in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dongqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Sabir IA, Manzoor MA, Shah IH, Liu X, Zahid MS, Jiu S, Wang J, Abdullah M, Zhang C. MYB transcription factor family in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.): genome-wide investigation, evolution, structure, characterization and expression patterns. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:2. [PMID: 34979911 PMCID: PMC8722155 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACK GROUND MYB Transcription factors (TFs) are most imperative and largest gene family in plants, which participate in development, metabolism, defense, differentiation and stress response. The MYB TFs has been studied in various plant species. However, comprehensive studies of MYB gene family in the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) are still unknown. RESULTS In the current study, a total of 69 MYB genes were investigated from sweet cherry genome and classified into 28 subfamilies (C1-C28 based on phylogenetic and structural analysis). Microcollinearity analysis revealed that dispersed duplication (DSD) events might play an important role in the MYB genes family expansion. Chromosomal localization, the synonymous (Ks) and nonsynonymous (Ka) analysis, molecular characteristics (pI, weight and length of amino acids) and subcellular localization were accomplished using several bioinformatics tools. Furthermore, the members of distinct subfamilies have diverse cis-acting regions, conserved motifs, and intron-exon architectures, indicating functional heterogeneity in the MYB family. Moreover, the transcriptomic data exposed that MYB genes might play vital role in bud dormancy. The quantitative real-time qRT-PCR was carried out and the expression pattern indicated that MYB genes significantly expressed in floral bud as compared to flower and fruit. CONCLUSION Our comprehensive findings provide supportive insights into the evolutions, expansion complexity and functionality of PavMYB genes. These PavMYB genes should be further investigated as they seem to be brilliant candidates for dormancy manipulation in sweet cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ali Sabir
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Iftikhar Hussain Shah
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunju Liu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhmmad Salman Zahid
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songtao Jiu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixi Zhang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Alhindi T, Al-Abdallat AM. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the MADS-Box Gene Family in American Beautyberry ( Callicarpa americana). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091805. [PMID: 34579338 PMCID: PMC8466759 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The MADS-box gene family encodes a number of transcription factors that play key roles in various plant growth and development processes from response to environmental cues to cell differentiation and organ identity, especially the floral organogenesis, as in the prominent ABCDE model of flower development. Recently, the genome of American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) has been sequenced. It is a shrub native to the southern region of United States with edible purple-colored berries; it is a member of the Lamiaceae family, a family of medical and agricultural importance. Seventy-eight MADS-box genes were identified from 17 chromosomes of the C. americana assembled genome. Peptide sequences blast and analysis of phylogenetic relationships with MADS-box genes of Sesame indicum, Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Amborella trichopoda were performed. Genes were separated into 32 type I and 46 type II MADS-box genes. C. americana MADS-box genes were clustered into four groups: MIKCC, MIKC*, Mα-type, and Mγ-type, while the Mβ-type group was absent. Analysis of the gene structure revealed that from 1 to 15 exons exist in C. americana MADS-box genes. The number of exons in type II MADS-box genes (5–15) greatly exceeded the number in type I genes (1–9). The motif distribution analysis of the two types of MADS-box genes showed that type II MADS-box genes contained more motifs than type I genes. These results suggested that C. americana MADS-box genes type II had more complex structures and might have more diverse functions. The role of MIKC-type MADS-box genes in flower and fruit development was highlighted when the expression profile was analyzed in different organs transcriptomes. This study is the first genome-wide analysis of the C. americana MADS-box gene family, and the results will further support any functional and evolutionary studies of C. americana MADS-box genes and serve as a reference for related studies of other plants in the medically important Lamiaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Alhindi
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ayed M. Al-Abdallat
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
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16
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Light regulates stomatal development by modulating paracrine signaling from inner tissues. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3403. [PMID: 34099707 PMCID: PMC8184810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental outcomes are shaped by the interplay between intrinsic and external factors. The production of stomata—essential pores for gas exchange in plants—is extremely plastic and offers an excellent system to study this interplay at the cell lineage level. For plants, light is a key external cue, and it promotes stomatal development and the accumulation of the master stomatal regulator SPEECHLESS (SPCH). However, how light signals are relayed to influence SPCH remains unknown. Here, we show that the light-regulated transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a critical regulator for photomorphogenic growth, is present in inner mesophyll cells and directly binds and activates STOMAGEN. STOMAGEN, the mesophyll-derived secreted peptide, in turn stabilizes SPCH in the epidermis, leading to enhanced stomatal production. Our work identifies a molecular link between light signaling and stomatal development that spans two tissue layers and highlights how an environmental signaling factor may coordinate growth across tissue types. Light promotes stomatal development in plants. Here Wang et al. show that light stimulates stomatal development via the HY5 transcription factor which induces expression of STOMAGEN, a mesophyll-derived secreted peptide, that in turn leads to stabilization of a master regulator of stomatal development in the epidermis.
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17
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Zhang H, Guo Z, Zhuang Y, Suo Y, Du J, Gao Z, Pan J, Li L, Wang T, Xiao L, Qin G, Jiao Y, Cai H, Li L. MicroRNA775 regulates intrinsic leaf size and reduces cell wall pectin levels by targeting a galactosyltransferase gene in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:581-602. [PMID: 33955485 PMCID: PMC8136896 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants possess unique primary cell walls made of complex polysaccharides that play critical roles in determining intrinsic cell and organ size. How genes responsible for synthesizing and modifying the polysaccharides in the cell wall are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) to control plant size remains largely unexplored. Here we identified 23 putative cell wall-related miRNAs, termed as CW-miRNAs, in Arabidopsis thaliana and characterized miR775 as an example. We showed that miR775 post-transcriptionally silences GALT9, which encodes an endomembrane-located galactosyltransferase belonging to the glycosyltransferase 31 family. Over-expression of miR775 and deletion of GALT9 led to significantly enlarged leaf-related organs, primarily due to increased cell size. Monosaccharide quantification, confocal Raman imaging, and immunolabeling combined with atomic force microscopy revealed that the MIR775A-GALT9 circuit modulates pectin levels and the elastic modulus of the cell wall. We also showed that MIR775A is directly repressed by the transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5). Genetic analysis confirmed that HY5 is a negative regulator of leaf size that acts through the HY5-MIR775A-GALT9 repression cascade to control pectin levels. These findings demonstrate that miR775-regulated cell wall remodeling is an integral determinant of intrinsic leaf size in A. thaliana. Studying other CW-miRNAs would provide more insights into cell wall biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhonglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanzhen Suo
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianmei Du
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhaoxu Gao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tianxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Genji Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuling Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Center for Plant Gene Research, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Huaqing Cai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Author for correspondence:
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18
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MYC2 Transcription Factors TwMYC2a and TwMYC2b Negatively Regulate Triptolide Biosynthesis in Tripterygium wilfordii Hairy Roots. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040679. [PMID: 33916111 PMCID: PMC8067133 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide, an important bioactive diterpenoid extracted from the plant Tripterygium wilfordii, exhibits many pharmacological activities. MYC2 transcription factor (TF) plays an important role in the regulation of various secondary metabolites in plants. However, whether MYC2 TF could regulate the biosynthesis of triptolide in T. wilfordii is still unknown. In this study, two homologous MYC2 TF genes, TwMYC2a and TwMYC2b, were isolated from T. wilfordii hairy roots and functionally characterized. The analyses of the phylogenetic tree and subcellular localization showed that they were grouped into the IIIe clade of the bHLH superfamily with other functional MYC2 proteins and localized in the nucleus. Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid and GUS transactivation assays suggested that TwMYC2a and TwMYC2b inhibited the promoter activity of the miltiradiene synthase genes, TwTPS27a and TwTPS27b, by binding to the E-box (CACATG) and T/G-box (CACGTT) motifs in their promoters. Transgenic results revealed that RNA interference of TwMYC2a/b significantly enhanced the triptolide accumulation in hairy roots and liquid medium by upregulating the expression of several key biosynthetic genes, including TwMS (TwTPS27a/b), TwCPS (TwTPS7/9), TwDXR, and TwHMGR1. In summary, our findings show that TwMYC2a and TwMYC2b act as two negative regulators of triptolide biosynthesis in T. wilfordii hairy roots and also provide new insights on metabolic engineering of triptolide in the future.
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Wang J, Mao S, Wu Q, Yuan Y, Liang M, Wang S, Huang K, Wu Q. Effects of LED illumination spectra on glucosinolate and sulforaphane accumulation in broccoli seedlings. Food Chem 2021; 356:129550. [PMID: 33819785 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are well known for plant defense and human nutrition. In this study, broccoli seedlings were illuminated under different LED light, including white, red, blue, and 75% red + 25% blue (200 mmol·m-2·s-1) for 4 weeks to investigate the effects of LED light on GSLs and sulforaphane biosynthesis. Results showed that red light promoted GSL biosynthesis and sulforaphane accumulation because red light could induce SOT18 expression to advance aliphatic GSLs biosynthesis, whereas the high tryptophan content and the upregulation of CYP79B2, CYP79B3, and CYP83B1 were attributed to indole GSL biosynthesis. Low-level methionine content and downregulated SOT18 were the main factors inhibiting GSLs and sulforaphane accumulation under blue LED illumination. BoHY5 gene expression was induced significantly and the yeast one-hybrid assay demonstrated BoHY5 could bind to SOT18 promoter. Consequently, BoHY5 inhibited SOT18 expression, and played a negative role in the GSL biosynthetic network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Shuxiang Mao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yiming Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Mantian Liang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Shengze Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Qiuyun Wu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, PR China; Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China.
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Anguraj Vadivel AK, McDowell T, Renaud JB, Dhaubhadel S. A combinatorial action of GmMYB176 and GmbZIP5 controls isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean (Glycine max). Commun Biol 2021; 4:356. [PMID: 33742087 PMCID: PMC7979867 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
GmMYB176 is an R1 MYB transcription factor that regulates multiple genes in the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway, thereby affecting their levels in soybean roots. While GmMYB176 is important for isoflavonoid synthesis, it is not sufficient for the function and requires additional cofactor(s). The aim of this study was to identify the GmMYB176 interactome for the regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. Here, we demonstrate that a bZIP transcription factor GmbZIP5 co-immunoprecipitates with GmMYB176 and shows protein-protein interaction in planta. RNAi silencing of GmbZIP5 reduced the isoflavonoid level in soybean hairy roots. Furthermore, co-overexpression of GmMYB176 and GmbZIP5 enhanced the level of multiple isoflavonoid phytoallexins including glyceollin, isowighteone and a unique O-methylhydroxy isoflavone in soybean hairy roots. These findings could be utilized to develop biotechnological strategies to manipulate the metabolite levels either to enhance plant defense mechanisms or for human health benefits in soybean or other economically important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tim McDowell
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Justin B Renaud
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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21
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Anguraj Vadivel AK, McDowell T, Renaud JB, Dhaubhadel S. A combinatorial action of GmMYB176 and GmbZIP5 controls isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean (Glycine max). Commun Biol 2021; 4:356. [PMID: 33742087 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01889-1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
GmMYB176 is an R1 MYB transcription factor that regulates multiple genes in the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway, thereby affecting their levels in soybean roots. While GmMYB176 is important for isoflavonoid synthesis, it is not sufficient for the function and requires additional cofactor(s). The aim of this study was to identify the GmMYB176 interactome for the regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. Here, we demonstrate that a bZIP transcription factor GmbZIP5 co-immunoprecipitates with GmMYB176 and shows protein-protein interaction in planta. RNAi silencing of GmbZIP5 reduced the isoflavonoid level in soybean hairy roots. Furthermore, co-overexpression of GmMYB176 and GmbZIP5 enhanced the level of multiple isoflavonoid phytoallexins including glyceollin, isowighteone and a unique O-methylhydroxy isoflavone in soybean hairy roots. These findings could be utilized to develop biotechnological strategies to manipulate the metabolite levels either to enhance plant defense mechanisms or for human health benefits in soybean or other economically important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tim McDowell
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Justin B Renaud
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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22
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Lyu X, Cheng Q, Qin C, Li Y, Xu X, Ji R, Mu R, Li H, Zhao T, Liu J, Zhou Y, Li H, Yang G, Chen Q, Liu B. GmCRY1s modulate gibberellin metabolism to regulate soybean shade avoidance in response to reduced blue light. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:298-314. [PMID: 33249237 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is an important legume crop that displays the classic shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), including exaggerated stem elongation, which leads to lodging and yield reduction under density farming conditions. Here, we compared the effects of two shade signals, low red light to far-red light ratio (R:FR) and low blue light (LBL), on soybean status and revealed that LBL predominantly induces excessive stem elongation. We used CRISPR-Cas9-engineered Gmcry mutants to investigate the functions of seven cryptochromes (GmCRYs) in soybean and found that the four GmCRY1s overlap in mediating LBL-induced SAS. Light-activated GmCRY1s increase the abundance of the bZIP transcription factors STF1 and STF2, which directly upregulate the expression of genes encoding GA2 oxidases to deactivate GA1 and repress stem elongation. Notably, GmCRY1b overexpression lines displayed multiple agronomic advantages over the wild-type control under both dense planting and intercropping conditions. Our study demonstrates the integration of GmCRY1-mediated signals with the GA metabolic pathway in the regulation of LBL-induced SAS in soybean. It also provides a promising option for breeding lodging-resistant, high-yield soybean cultivars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Lyu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qican Cheng
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chao Qin
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Li
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xinying Xu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ronghuan Ji
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ruolan Mu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Li
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhao
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R China
| | - Bin Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
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Isolation of Lineage Specific Nuclei Based on Distinct Endoreduplication Levels and Tissue-Specific Markers to Study Chromatin Accessibility Landscapes. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111478. [PMID: 33153046 PMCID: PMC7692515 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The capacity for achieving immense specificity and resolution in science increases day to day. Fluorescence-activated nuclear sorting (FANS) offers this great precision, enabling one to count and separate distinct types of nuclei from specific cells of heterogeneous mixtures. We developed a workflow to collect nuclei from Arabidopsis thaliana by FANS according to cell lineage and endopolyploidy level with high efficiency. We sorted GFP-labeled nuclei with different ploidy levels from the epidermal tissue layer of three-day, dark-grown hypocotyls followed by a shift to light for one day and compared them to plants left in the dark. We then accessed early chromatin accessibility patterns associated with skotomorphogenesis and photomorphogenesis by the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) within primarily stomatal 2C and fully endoreduplicated 16C nuclei. Our quantitative analysis shows that dark- and light-treated samples in 2C nuclei do not exhibit any different chromatin accessibility landscapes, whereas changes in 16C can be linked to transcriptional changes involved in light response.
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Light modulates the gravitropic responses through organ-specific PIFs and HY5 regulation of LAZY4 expression in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:18840-18848. [PMID: 32690706 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005871117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Light and gravity are two key environmental factors that control plant growth and architecture. However, the molecular basis of the coordination of light and gravity signaling in plants remains obscure. Here, we report that two classes of transcription factors, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), can directly bind and activate the expression of LAZY4, a positive regulator of gravitropism in both shoots and roots in Arabidopsis In hypocotyls, light promotes degradation of PIFs to reduce LAZY4 expression, which inhibits the negative gravitropism of hypocotyls. LAZY4 overexpression can partially rescue the negative gravitropic phenotype of pifq in the dark without affecting amyloplast development. Our identification of the PIFs-LAZY4 regulatory module suggests the presence of another role for PIF proteins in gravitropism, in addition to a previous report demonstrating that PIFs positively regulate amyloplast development to promote negative gravitropism in hypocotyls. In roots, light promotes accumulation of HY5 proteins to activate expression of LAZY4, which promotes positive gravitropism in roots. Together, our data indicate that light exerts opposite regulation of LAZY4 expression in shoots and roots by mediating the protein levels of PIFs and HY5, respectively, to inhibit the negative gravitropism of shoots and promote positive gravitropism of roots in Arabidopsis.
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25
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Biofilm inhibition and DNA binding studies of isoxazole-triazole conjugates in the development of effective anti-bacterial agents. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Chalcone Synthase-Encoding AeCHS is Involved in Normal Petal Coloration in Actinidia eriantha. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10120949. [PMID: 31757002 PMCID: PMC6947247 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on anthocyanin biosynthesis have been mainly concentrated on the fruit, whereas few have focused the mechanism of flower coloration in kiwifruit. Here, we report that the structural gene, AeCHS, is involved in anthocyanin accumulation and indispensable for normal petal coloration in Actinidia eriantha. Petals from three different species including Actinidia eriantha (red petals), Actinidia hemsleyana (light pink petals) and Actinidia arguta (white petals) were selected for anthocyanin determination and gene expression analysis. The anthocyanin components in A. eriantha were significantly higher than in A. hemsleyana or A. arguta. Consistently, gene expression profiles suggested that AeCHS expression in A. eriantha was higher than in A. hemsleyana or A. arguta. Cluster analysis showed that AeCHS was clustered into a single group and distinctly separated from other genes, indicating the expression pattern of AeCHS gene was different from any other. Additionally, correlation analysis revealed AeCHS expression significantly correlated with anthocyanin content. The complete coding sequence of AeCHS was cloned from petals of A. eriantha 'Zaoxu', showing the length of AeCHS was 1170 bp encoding a protein of 389 amino acids. AeCHS was located in the cytoplasm, indicating it is indeed a structural gene involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. AeCHS silencing performed by infiltration grafting-mediated virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) reduced petal anthocyanin content and bleached red petals in A. eriantha. Our results confirm a crucial role of AeCHS in anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in A. eriantha petals; furthermore, they offer important basic information and constitute a reference point for further research.
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Hao X, Zhong Y, Nï Tzmann HW, Fu X, Yan T, Shen Q, Chen M, Ma Y, Zhao J, Osbourn A, Li L, Tang K. Light-Induced Artemisinin Biosynthesis Is Regulated by the bZIP Transcription Factor AaHY5 in Artemisia annua. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1747-1760. [PMID: 31076768 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin, the frontline drug against malaria, is a sesquiterpenoid extracted from Artemisia annua. Light has been proposed to play an important role in the activation of artemisinin biosynthesis. Here, we report the basic leucine zipper transcription factor (TF) AaHY5 as a key regulator of light-induced biosynthesis of artemisinin. We show that AaHY5 transcription overlaps with that of artemisinin biosynthesis genes in response to light and in A. annua tissues. Analysis of AaHY5 overexpression and RNAi-suppression lines suggests that AaHY5 is a positive regulator of the expression of artemisinin biosynthesis genes and accumulation of artemisinin. We show that AaHY5 complements the hy5 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our data further suggest that AaHY5 interacts with AaCOP1, the ubiquitin E3 ligase CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 in A. annua. In yeast one-hybrid and transient expression assays, we demonstrate that AaHY5 acts via the TF GLANDULAR TRICHOME-SPECIFIC WRKY 1 (AaGSW1) in artemisinin regulation. In summary, we present a novel regulator of artemisinin gene expression and propose a model in which AaHY5 indirectly controls artemisinin production in response to changing light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Hao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Zhong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hans-Wilhelm Nï Tzmann
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, The Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Xueqing Fu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tingxiang Yan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qian Shen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jingya Zhao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Anne Osbourn
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Ling Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
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28
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Li Y, Cui W, Wang R, Lin M, Zhong Y, Sun L, Qi X, Fang J. MicroRNA858-mediated regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) based on small RNA sequencing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217480. [PMID: 31120996 PMCID: PMC6532936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As important regulators, miRNAs could play pivotal roles in regulation of fruit coloring. Actinidia arguta is a newly emerged fruit tree with extensively application prospects. However, miRNAs involved in A. arguta fruit coloring are unknown. In this study, A. arguta fruit were investigated at three developmental stages by small RNAs high-throughput sequencing. A total of 482 conserved miRNAs corresponding to 526 pre-miRNAs and 581 novel miRNAs corresponding to 619 pre-miRNAs were grouped into 46 miRNA families. Target gene prediction and analysis revealed that miR858, a strongly candidate miRNA, was involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in which contributes to fruit coloring. The anthocyanin level was determined in three A. arguta cultivars by UPLC-MS/MS (ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry). In addition, qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR), cluster analysis were conducted as well as correlation analysis. All results were combined to propose a model in which describes an association of miRNA and anthocyanin biosynthesis in A. arguta. The data presented herein is the first report on miRNA profile analysis in A. arguta, which can provide valuable information for further research into the regulation of the miRNAs in anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit coloring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukuo Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen Cui
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ran Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Lin
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhong
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Leiming Sun
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Qi
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JF); (XQ)
| | - Jinbao Fang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JF); (XQ)
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29
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Yang B, Song Z, Li C, Jiang J, Zhou Y, Wang R, Wang Q, Ni C, Liang Q, Chen H, Fan LM. RSM1, an Arabidopsis MYB protein, interacts with HY5/HYH to modulate seed germination and seedling development in response to abscisic acid and salinity. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007839. [PMID: 30566447 PMCID: PMC6317822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are involved in many biological processes, including metabolism, development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. RADIALIS-LIKE SANT/MYB 1 (RSM1) belongs to a MYB-related subfamily, and previous transcriptome analysis suggests that RSM1 may play roles in plant development, stress responses and plant hormone signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms of RSM1 action in response to abiotic stresses remain obscure. We show that down-regulation or up-regulation of RSM1 expression alters the sensitivity of seed germination and cotyledon greening to abscisic acid (ABA), NaCl and mannitol in Arabidopsis. The expression of RSM1 is dynamically regulated by ABA and NaCl. Transcription factors ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) and HY5 HOMOLOG (HYH) regulate RSM1 expression via binding to the RSM1 promoter. Genetic analyses reveal that RSM1 mediates multiple functions of HY5 in responses of seed germination, post-germination development to ABA and abiotic stresses, and seedling tolerance to salinity. Pull-down and BiFC assays show that RSM1 interacts with HY5/HYH in vitro and in vivo. RSM1 and HY5/HYH may function as a regulatory module in responses to ABA and abiotic stresses. RSM1 binds to the promoter of ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5), thereby regulating its expression, while RSM1 interaction also stimulates HY5 binding to the ABI5 promoter. However, no evidence was found in the dual-luciferase transient expression assay to support that RSM enhances the activation of ABI5 expression by HY. In summary, HY5/HYH and RSM1 may converge on the ABI5 promoter and independently or somehow dependently regulate ABI5 expression and ABI5-downstream ABA and abiotic stress-responsive genes, thereby improving the adaption of plants to the environment. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates multiple developmental processes in plants, including seed dormancy and germination, growth, and abiotic stress responses. The transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a core regulator of light signaling, is involved in ABA and abiotic stress responses by directly regulating the expression of ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5). In this study, we show that a MYB-related transcription factor, RADIALIS-LIKE SANT/MYB 1 (RSM1), plays important roles in ABA and salinity signaling in Arabidopsis, and we dissect the relationship between RSM1 and HY5. RSM1 interacts with HY5/HYH in vitro and in vivo and they may function as a regulatory module in responses to ABA and abiotic stresses. RSM1 binds to the promoter of ABI5, thereby regulating its expression; moreover, RSM1 interaction stimulates HY5 binding to the ABI5 promoter, but RSM1 was not found to enhance the activation of ABI5 expression by HY5. Genetic analyses reveal that RSM1 mediates the functions of HY5 in responses of seed germination, post-germination developmental responses to ABA and abiotic stresses, and seedling tolerance to salinity. In summary, our work demonstrates that HY5/HYH and RSM1 may bind with the ABI5 promoter to regulate ABI5 expression independently or somehow dependently, thereby controlling the expression of ABI5-downstream target genes in ABA and salinity signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bencan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruipu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liu-Min Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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30
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Kang X, Xu G, Lee B, Chen C, Zhang H, Kuang R, Ni M. HRB2 and BBX21 interaction modulates Arabidopsis ABI5 locus and stomatal aperture. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1912-1925. [PMID: 29748960 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Blue light triggers the opening of stomata in the morning to allow CO2 uptake and water loss through transpiration. During the day, plants may experience periodic drought and accumulate abscisic acid (ABA). ABA antagonizes blue light signalling through phosphatidic acid and reduces stomatal aperture. This study reveals a molecular mechanism by which two light signalling proteins interact to repress ABA signalling in the control of stomatal aperture. A hypersensitive to red and blue 2 (hrb2) mutant has a defective ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling factor, PKL, in the chromodomain/helicase/DNA binding family. HRB2 enhances the light-induced expression of a B-box transcription factor gene, BBX21. BBX21 binds a T/G box in the ABI5 promoter and recruits HRB2 to modulate the chromatin structure at the ABI5 locus. Mutation in either HRB2 or BBX21 led to reduced water loss and ABA hypersensitivity. This hypersensitivity to ABA was well explained by the enhanced expression of the ABA signalling gene ABI5 in both mutants. Indeed, stomatal aperture was significantly reduced by ABI5 overexpression in the absence or presence of ABA under monochromatic light conditions. Overall, we present a regulatory loop in which two light signalling proteins repress ABA signalling to sustain gas exchange when plants experience periodic drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Kang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Byungha Lee
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Huanan Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Rui Kuang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
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Ernesto Bianchetti R, Silvestre Lira B, Santos Monteiro S, Demarco D, Purgatto E, Rothan C, Rossi M, Freschi L. Fruit-localized phytochromes regulate plastid biogenesis, starch synthesis, and carotenoid metabolism in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3573-3586. [PMID: 29912373 PMCID: PMC6022544 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Light signaling has long been reported to influence fruit biology, although the regulatory impact of fruit-localized photoreceptors on fruit development and metabolism remains unclear. Studies performed in phytochrome (PHY)-deficient tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutants suggest that SlPHYA, SlPHYB2, and to a lesser extent SlPHYB1 influence fruit development and ripening. By employing fruit-specific RNAi-mediated silencing of SlPHY genes, we demonstrated that fruit-localized SlPHYA and SlPHYB2 play contrasting roles in regulating plastid biogenesis and maturation in tomato. Our data revealed that fruit-localized SlPHYA, rather than SlPHYB1 or SlPHYB2, positively influences tomato plastid differentiation and division machinery via changes in both light and cytokinin signaling-related gene expression. Fruit-localized SlPHYA and SlPHYB2 were also shown to modulate sugar metabolism in early developing fruits via overlapping, yet distinct, mechanisms involving the co-ordinated transcriptional regulation of genes related to sink strength and starch biosynthesis. Fruit-specific SlPHY silencing also drastically altered the transcriptional profile of genes encoding light-repressor proteins and carotenoid-biosynthesis regulators, leading to reduced carotenoid biosynthesis during fruit ripening. Together, our data reveal the existence of an intricate PHY-hormonal interplay during fruit development and ripening, and provide conclusive evidence on the regulation of tomato quality by fruit-localized phytochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ernesto Bianchetti
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Scarlet Santos Monteiro
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Demarco
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christophe Rothan
- INRA, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Job N, Yadukrishnan P, Bursch K, Datta S, Johansson H. Two B-Box Proteins Regulate Photomorphogenesis by Oppositely Modulating HY5 through their Diverse C-Terminal Domains. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:2963-2976. [PMID: 29439209 PMCID: PMC5884587 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) BBX family comprises several positive and negative regulators of photomorphogenesis. BBX24, a member of BBX structural group IV, acts as a negative regulator of photomorphogenesis, whereas another member from the same group, BBX21, is a positive regulator. The molecular basis for the functional diversity shown by these related BBX family members is unknown. Using domain-swap lines, we show that the C-terminal regions of BBX24 and BBX21 specify their function. Because both BBX21 and BBX24 work in close association with HY5, we hypothesized that these proteins differentially regulate the levels or activity of HY5 to fulfill their opposite roles. We show that BBX21 can regulate HY5 post-transcriptionally and the two proteins can coordinate to promote photomorphogenesis. By contrast, BBX24 interferes with the binding of HY5 to the promoter of an anthocyanin biosynthetic gene, possibly by heterodimerizing with HY5 and preventing it from binding DNA. Our finding that both BBX21 and BBX24 regulate HY5 activity post-transcriptionally, in opposite ways, suggests that closely related B-box proteins execute contrasting functions through differential regulation of HY5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Job
- Plant Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India and
| | - Premachandran Yadukrishnan
- Plant Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India and
| | - Katharina Bursch
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences (DCPS), Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sourav Datta
- Plant Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India and
| | - Henrik Johansson
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences (DCPS), Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Cruz AB, Bianchetti RE, Alves FRR, Purgatto E, Peres LEP, Rossi M, Freschi L. Light, Ethylene and Auxin Signaling Interaction Regulates Carotenoid Biosynthesis During Tomato Fruit Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1370. [PMID: 30279694 PMCID: PMC6153336 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Light signaling and plant hormones, particularly ethylene and auxins, have been identified as important regulators of carotenoid biosynthesis during tomato fruit ripening. However, whether and how the light and hormonal signaling cascades crosstalk to control this metabolic route remain poorly elucidated. Here, the potential involvement of ethylene and auxins in the light-mediated regulation of tomato fruit carotenogenesis was investigated by comparing the impacts of light treatments and the light-hyperresponsive high pigment-2 (hp2) mutation on both carotenoid synthesis and hormonal signaling. Under either light or dark conditions, the overaccumulation of carotenoids in hp2 ripening fruits was associated with disturbed ethylene production, increased expression of genes encoding master regulators of ripening and higher ethylene sensitivity and signaling output. The increased ethylene sensitivity observed in hp2 fruits was associated with the differential expression of genes encoding ethylene receptors and downstream signaling transduction elements, including the downregulation of the transcription factor ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR.E4, a repressor of carotenoid synthesis. Accordingly, treatments with exogenous ethylene promoted carotenoid biosynthetic genes more intensively in hp2 than in wild-type fruits. Moreover, the loss of HP2 function drastically altered auxin signaling in tomato fruits, resulting in higher activation of the auxin-responsive promoter DR5, severe down-regulation of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) genes and altered accumulation of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) transcripts. Both tomato ARF2 paralogues (Sl-ARF2a and SlARF2b) were up-regulated in hp2 fruits, which agrees with the promotive roles played by these ARFs in tomato fruit ripening and carotenoid biosynthesis. Among the genes differentially expressed in hp2 fruits, the additive effect of light treatment and loss of HP2 function was particularly evident for those encoding carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes, ethylene-related transcription factors, Aux/IAAs and ARFs. Altogether, the data uncover the involvement of ethylene and auxin as part of the light signaling cascades controlling tomato fruit metabolism and provide a new link between light signaling, plant hormone sensitivity and carotenoid metabolism in ripening fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bertinatto Cruz
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lazaro Eustaquio Pereira Peres
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luciano Freschi,
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van Gelderen K, Kang C, Paalman R, Keuskamp D, Hayes S, Pierik R. Far-Red Light Detection in the Shoot Regulates Lateral Root Development through the HY5 Transcription Factor. THE PLANT CELL 2018; 30:101-116. [PMID: 29321188 PMCID: PMC5810572 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants in dense vegetation compete for resources and detect competitors through reflection of far-red (FR) light from surrounding plants. This reflection causes a reduced red (R):FR ratio, which is sensed through phytochromes. Low R:FR induces shade avoidance responses of the shoot and also changes the root system architecture, although this has received little attention so far. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanisms through which light detection in the shoot regulates root development in Arabidopsis thaliana We do so using a combination of microscopy, gene expression, and mutant study approaches in a setup that allows root imaging without exposing the roots to light treatment. We show that low R:FR perception in the shoot decreases the lateral root (LR) density by inhibiting LR emergence. This decrease in LR emergence upon shoot FR enrichment is regulated by phytochrome-dependent accumulation of the transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) in the LR primordia. HY5 regulates LR emergence by decreasing the plasma membrane abundance of PIN-FORMED3 and LIKE-AUX1 3 auxin transporters. Accordingly, FR enrichment reduces the auxin signal in the overlaying cortex cells, and this reduces LR outgrowth. This shoot-to-root communication can help plants coordinate resource partitioning under competition for light in high density fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper van Gelderen
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chiakai Kang
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Paalman
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik Keuskamp
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Scott Hayes
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Pierik
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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35
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Bianchetti RE, Cruz AB, Oliveira BS, Demarco D, Purgatto E, Peres LEP, Rossi M, Freschi L. Phytochromobilin deficiency impairs sugar metabolism through the regulation of cytokinin and auxin signaling in tomato fruits. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7822. [PMID: 28798491 PMCID: PMC5552807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochomes and plant hormones have been emerging as important regulators of fleshy fruit biology and quality traits; however, the relevance of phytochrome-hormonal signaling crosstalk in controlling fruit development and metabolism remains elusive. Here, we show that the deficiency in phytochrome chromophore phytochromobilin (PΦB) biosynthesis inhibits sugar accumulation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits by transcriptionally downregulating sink- and starch biosynthesis-related enzymes, such as cell-wall invertases, sucrose transporters and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylases. PΦB deficiency was also shown to repress fruit chloroplast biogenesis, which implicates more limited production of photoassimilates via fruit photosynthesis. Genetic and physiological data revealed the involvement of auxins and cytokinins in mediating the negative impact of PΦB deficiency on fruit sink strength and chloroplast formation. PΦB deficiency was shown to transcriptionally repress type-A TOMATO RESPONSE REGULATORs and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs both in pericarp and columella, suggesting active phytochrome-hormonal signaling crosstalk in these tissues. Data also revealed that PΦB deficiency influences fruit ripening by delaying the climacteric rise in ethylene production and signaling. Altogether, the data uncover the impact of phytochromobilin deficiency in fine-tuning sugar metabolism, chloroplast formation and the timing of fruit ripening and also reveal a link between auxins, cytokinins and phytochromes in regulating sugar import and accumulation in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ernesto Bianchetti
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Bertinatto Cruz
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Soares Oliveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Demarco
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CP 09, 13418-900, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Gangappa SN, Botto JF. The Multifaceted Roles of HY5 in Plant Growth and Development. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:1353-1365. [PMID: 27435853 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a member of the bZIP transcription factor family, inhibits hypocotyl growth and lateral root development, and promotes pigment accumulation in a light-dependent manner in Arabidopsis. Recent research on its role in different processes such as hormone, nutrient, abiotic stress (abscisic acid, salt, cold), and reactive oxygen species signaling pathways clearly places HY5 at the center of a transcriptional network hub. HY5 regulates the transcription of a large number of genes by directly binding to cis-regulatory elements. Recently, HY5 has also been shown to activate its own expression under both visible and UV-B light. Moreover, HY5 acts as a signal that moves from shoot to root to promote nitrate uptake and root growth. Here, we review recent advances on HY5 research in diverse aspects of plant development and highlight still open questions that need to be addressed in the near future for a complete understanding of its function in plant signaling and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeramaiah N Gangappa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
| | - Javier F Botto
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Avenida San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Song Z, Zhang H. Repression of MYBL2 by Both microRNA858a and HY5 Leads to the Activation of Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:1395-1405. [PMID: 27450422 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies in various plants show that the anthocyanin biosynthetic process is affected by environmental factors and regulated by many transcription factors through sophisticated regulatory networks. However, it remains largely unclear about the roles of microRNA in this process. Here, we demonstrate that miR858a is a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seedlings. Overexpression of miR858a enhances the accumulation of anthocyanins, whereas the reduced miR858a activity results in low levels of anthocyanins in STTM858 transgenic plants. We found that miR858a inhibits the expression of MYBL2, a key negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, by translational repression. In addition, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) was shown to directly bind the MYBL2 promoter and represses its expression via specific histone modifications. Interestingly, we found that miR858a exhibits light-responsive expression in an HY5-dependent manner. Together, these results delineate the HY5-MIR858a-MYBL2 loop as a cellular mechanism for modulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, suggesting that integration of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation is critical for governing proper anthocyanin accumulation in response to light and other environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhaoqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Loyola R, Herrera D, Mas A, Wong DCJ, Höll J, Cavallini E, Amato A, Azuma A, Ziegler T, Aquea F, Castellarin SD, Bogs J, Tornielli GB, Peña-Neira A, Czemmel S, Alcalde JA, Matus JT, Arce-Johnson P. The photomorphogenic factors UV-B RECEPTOR 1, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5, and HY5 HOMOLOGUE are part of the UV-B signalling pathway in grapevine and mediate flavonol accumulation in response to the environment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:5429-5445. [PMID: 27543604 PMCID: PMC5049392 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a species well known for its adaptation to radiation. However, photomorphogenic factors related to UV-B responses have not been molecularly characterized. We cloned and studied the role of UV-B RECEPTOR (UVR1), ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), and HY5 HOMOLOGUE (HYH) from V. vinifera We performed gene functional characterizations, generated co-expression networks, and tested them in different environmental conditions. These genes complemented the Arabidopsis uvr8 and hy5 mutants in morphological and secondary metabolic responses to radiation. We combined microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data with promoter inspections to identify HY5 and HYH putative target genes and their DNA binding preferences. Despite sharing a large set of common co-expressed genes, we found different hierarchies for HY5 and HYH depending on the organ and stress condition, reflecting both co-operative and partially redundant roles. New candidate UV-B gene markers were supported by the presence of HY5-binding sites. These included a set of flavonol-related genes that were up-regulated in a HY5 transient expression assay. We irradiated in vitro plantlets and fruits from old potted vines with high and low UV-B exposures and followed the accumulation of flavonols and changes in gene expression in comparison with non-irradiated conditions. UVR1, HY5, and HYH expression varied with organ, developmental stage, and type of radiation. Surprisingly, UVR1 expression was modulated by shading and temperature in berries, but not by UV-B radiation. We propose that the UV-B response machinery favours berry flavonol accumulation through the activation of HY5 and HYH at different developmental stages at both high and low UV-B exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Loyola
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Herrera
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Abraham Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics-CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB (CRAG), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Janine Höll
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Akifumi Azuma
- Grape and Persimmon Research Division, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, NARO, Higashihiroshima, 73992494, Japan
| | - Tobias Ziegler
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felipe Aquea
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jochen Bogs
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany Weincampus Neustadt, DLR Rheinpfalz, D-67435 Neustadt, Germany
| | | | - Alvaro Peña-Neira
- Departamento de Agroindustria y Enología, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stefan Czemmel
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBIC), University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - José Antonio Alcalde
- Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics-CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB (CRAG), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricio Arce-Johnson
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Shin SY, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Jeon SJ, Sim SA, Ryu GR, Yoo CM, Cheong YH, Hong JC. Isolation of three B-box zinc finger proteins that interact with STF1 and COP1 defines a HY5/COP1 interaction network involved in light control of development in soybean. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1080-6. [PMID: 27524234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
LONG HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) and STF1 (Soybean TGACG-motif binding Factor 1) are two related bZIP transcription factors that play a positive role in photomorphogenesis and hormonal signaling. In this study, we compared full length STF1 and truncated STF1 overexpression lines and found that the C-terminal 133 amino acids (194-306) possess all the HY5-like function in Arabidopsis. The STF1-DC1 mutant (1-306), with a 20 amino acid deletion at the carboxy terminus, failed to complement the hy5 mutant phenotype, which suggests an intact C-terminus is required for STF1 function. To understand the role of the C-terminal domain in photomorphogenesis we used a yeast two-hybrid screen to isolate proteins that bind to the STF1 C-terminus. We isolated three soybean cDNAs encoding the zinc-finger proteins GmSTO, GmSTH, and GmSTH2, which interact with STF1. These proteins belong to a family of B-box zinc finger proteins that include Arabidopsis SALT TOLERANCE (STO) and STO HOMOLOG (STH) and STH2, which play a role in light-dependent development and gene expression. The C-terminal 63 amino acids of STF1, containing a leucine zipper and the two N-terminal B-boxes, contains the domain involved in interactions between STF1 and GmSTO. In addition, we identified an interaction between soybean COP1 (GmCOP1) and GmSTO and GmSTH, as well as STF1, which strongly suggests the presence of a similar regulatory circuit for light signaling in soybean as in Arabidopsis. This study shows that photomorphogenic control requires complex molecular interactions among several different classes of transcription factors such as bZIP, B-box factors, and COP1, a ubiquitin ligase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Young Shin
- National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, 33657, Republic of Korea; Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hee Kim
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jeong Jeon
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ae Sim
- Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension, Services, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Ryul Ryu
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Min Yoo
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Yong Hwa Cheong
- Department of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Hong
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea; Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Molitor AM, Latrasse D, Zytnicki M, Andrey P, Houba-Hérin N, Hachet M, Battail C, Del Prete S, Alberti A, Quesneville H, Gaudin V. The Arabidopsis hnRNP-Q Protein LIF2 and the PRC1 Subunit LHP1 Function in Concert to Regulate the Transcription of Stress-Responsive Genes. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:2197-2211. [PMID: 27495811 PMCID: PMC5059796 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
LHP1-INTERACTING FACTOR2 (LIF2), a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein involved in Arabidopsis thaliana cell fate and stress responses, interacts with LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 (LHP1), a Polycomb Repressive Complex1 subunit. To investigate LIF2-LHP1 functional interplay, we mapped their genome-wide distributions in wild-type, lif2, and lhp1 backgrounds, under standard and stress conditions. Interestingly, LHP1-targeted regions form local clusters, suggesting an underlying functional organization of the plant genome. Regions targeted by both LIF2 and LHP1 were enriched in stress-responsive genes, the H2A.Z histone variant, and antagonistic histone marks. We identified specific motifs within the targeted regions, including a G-box-like motif, a GAGA motif, and a telo-box. LIF2 and LHP1 can operate both antagonistically and synergistically. In response to methyl jasmonate treatment, LIF2 was rapidly recruited to chromatin, where it mediated transcriptional gene activation. Thus, LIF2 and LHP1 participate in transcriptional switches in stress-response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Molitor
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - David Latrasse
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | | | - Philippe Andrey
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UFR927, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicole Houba-Hérin
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Mélanie Hachet
- URGI, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Christophe Battail
- CEA-Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Séquençage, F-91057 Evry, France
| | - Stefania Del Prete
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Adriana Alberti
- CEA-Institut de Génomique, Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, F-91057 Evry, France
| | | | - Valérie Gaudin
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France
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Kim J, Kang H, Park J, Kim W, Yoo J, Lee N, Kim J, Yoon TY, Choi G. PIF1-Interacting Transcription Factors and Their Binding Sequence Elements Determine the in Vivo Targeting Sites of PIF1. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:1388-405. [PMID: 27303023 PMCID: PMC4944412 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The bHLH transcription factor PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR1 (PIF1) binds G-box elements in vitro and inhibits light-dependent germination in Arabidopsis thaliana A previous genome-wide analysis of PIF1 targeting indicated that PIF1 binds 748 sites in imbibed seeds, only 59% of which possess G-box elements. This suggests the G-box is not the sole determinant of PIF1 targeting. The targeting of PIF1 to specific sites could be stabilized by PIF1-interacting transcription factors (PTFs) that bind other nearby sequence elements. Here, we report PIF1 targeting sites are enriched with not only G-boxes but also with other hexameric sequence elements we named G-box coupling elements (GCEs). One of these GCEs possesses an ACGT core and serves as a binding site for group A bZIP transcription factors, including ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), which inhibits seed germination in abscisic acid signaling. PIF1 interacts with ABI5 and other group A bZIP transcription factors and together they target a subset of PIF1 binding sites in vivo. In vitro single-molecule fluorescence imaging confirms that ABI5 facilitates PIF1 binding to DNA fragments possessing multiple G-boxes or the GCE alone. Thus, we show in vivo PIF1 targeting to specific binding sites is determined by its interaction with PTFs and their binding to GCEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyojin Kang
- Department of Convergence Technology Research, KISTI, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jeongmoo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Woohyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Janghyun Yoo
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Nayoung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jaewook Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | | | - Giltsu Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Cao C, Xu J, Zheng G, Zhu XG. Evidence for the role of transposons in the recruitment of cis-regulatory motifs during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:201. [PMID: 26955946 PMCID: PMC4782515 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C4 photosynthesis evolved from C3 photosynthesis and has higher light, water, and nitrogen use efficiencies. Several C4 photosynthesis genes show cell-specific expression patterns, which are required for these high resource-use efficiencies. However, the mechanisms underlying the evolution of cis-regulatory elements that control these cell-specific expression patterns remain elusive. Results In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the cis-regulatory motifs related to C4 photosynthesis genes were recruited from non-photosynthetic genes and further examined potential mechanisms facilitating this recruitment. We examined 65 predicted bundle sheath cell-specific motifs, 17 experimentally validated cell-specific cis-regulatory elements, and 1,034 motifs derived from gene regulatory networks. Approximately 7, 5, and 1,000 of these three categories of motifs, respectively, were apparently recruited during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis. In addition, we checked 1) the distance between the acceptors and the donors of potentially recruited motifs in a chromosome, and 2) whether the potentially recruited motifs reside within the overlapping region of transposable elements and the promoter of donor genes. The results showed that 7, 4, and 658 of the potentially recruited motifs might have moved via the transposable elements. Furthermore, the potentially recruited motifs showed higher binding affinity to transcription factors compared to randomly generated sequences of the same length as the motifs. Conclusions This study provides molecular evidence supporting the hypothesis that transposon-driven recruitment of pre-existing cis-regulatory elements from non-photosynthetic genes into photosynthetic genes plays an important role during C4 evolution. The findings of the present study coincide with the observed repetitive emergence of C4 during evolution. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2519-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensi Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Room 102, Physiology Building, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Jiajia Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Room 102, Physiology Building, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Guangyong Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Room 102, Physiology Building, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Room 102, Physiology Building, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Dubois M, Van den Broeck L, Claeys H, Van Vlierberghe K, Matsui M, Inzé D. The ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORs ERF6 and ERF11 Antagonistically Regulate Mannitol-Induced Growth Inhibition in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:166-79. [PMID: 25995327 PMCID: PMC4577380 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf growth is a tightly regulated and complex process, which responds in a dynamic manner to changing environmental conditions, but the mechanisms that reduce growth under adverse conditions are rather poorly understood. We previously identified a growth inhibitory pathway regulating leaf growth upon exposure to a low concentration of mannitol and characterized the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF)/APETALA2 transcription factor ERF6 as a central activator of both leaf growth inhibition and induction of stress tolerance genes. Here, we describe the role of the transcriptional repressor ERF11 in relation to the ERF6-mediated stress response in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Using inducible overexpression lines, we show that ERF6 induces the expression of ERF11. ERF11 in turn molecularly counteracts the action of ERF6 and represses at least some of the ERF6-induced genes by directly competing for the target gene promoters. As a phenotypical consequence of the ERF6-ERF11 antagonism, the extreme dwarfism caused by ERF6 overexpression is suppressed by overexpression of ERF11. Together, our data demonstrate that dynamic mechanisms exist to fine-tune the stress response and that ERF11 counteracts ERF6 to maintain a balance between plant growth and stress defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Dubois
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.); andRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (M.M.)
| | - Lisa Van den Broeck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.); andRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (M.M.)
| | - Hannes Claeys
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.); andRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (M.M.)
| | - Kaatje Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.); andRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (M.M.)
| | - Minami Matsui
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.); andRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (M.M.)
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (M.D., L.V.d.B., H.C., K.V.V., D.I.); andRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (M.M.)
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Next-generation sequencing of genomic DNA fragments bound to a transcription factor in vitro reveals its regulatory potential. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5:1115-31. [PMID: 25534860 PMCID: PMC4276929 DOI: 10.3390/genes5041115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Several transcription factors (TFs) coordinate to regulate expression of specific genes at the transcriptional level. In Arabidopsis thaliana it is estimated that approximately 10% of all genes encode TFs or TF-like proteins. It is important to identify target genes that are directly regulated by TFs in order to understand the complete picture of a plant’s transcriptome profile. Here, we investigate the role of the LONG HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) transcription factor that acts as a regulator of photomorphogenesis. We used an in vitro genomic DNA binding assay coupled with immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing (gDB-seq) instead of the in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-based methods. The results demonstrate that the HY5-binding motif predicted here was similar to the motif reported previously and that in vitro HY5-binding loci largely overlapped with the HY5-targeted candidate genes identified in previous ChIP-chip analysis. By combining these results with microarray analysis, we identified hundreds of HY5-binding genes that were differentially expressed in hy5. We also observed delayed induction of some transcripts of HY5-binding genes in hy5 mutants in response to blue-light exposure after dark treatment. Thus, an in vitro gDNA-binding assay coupled with sequencing is a convenient and powerful method to bridge the gap between identifying TF binding potential and establishing function.
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Zhang H, Zhao X, Li J, Cai H, Deng XW, Li L. MicroRNA408 is critical for the HY5-SPL7 gene network that mediates the coordinated response to light and copper. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:4933-53. [PMID: 25516599 PMCID: PMC4311192 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.127340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Light and copper are important environmental determinants of plant growth and development. Despite the wealth of knowledge on both light and copper signaling, the molecular mechanisms that integrate the two pathways remain poorly understood. Here, we use Arabidopsis thaliana to demonstrate an interaction between SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE7 (SPL7) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), which mediate copper and light signaling, respectively. Through whole-genome chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA sequencing analyses, we elucidated the SPL7 regulon and compared it with that of HY5. We found that the two transcription factors coregulate many genes, including those involved in anthocyanin accumulation and photosynthesis. Moreover, SPL7 and HY5 act coordinately to transcriptionally regulate MIR408, which results in differential expression of microRNA408 (miR408) and its target genes in response to changing light and copper conditions. We demonstrate that this regulation is tied to copper allocation to the chloroplast and plastocyanin levels. Finally, we found that constitutively activated miR408 rescues the distinct developmental defects of the hy5, spl7, and hy5 spl7 mutants. These findings revealed the existence of crosstalk between light and copper, mediated by a HY5-SPL7 network. Furthermore, integration of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation is critical for governing proper metabolism and development in response to combined copper and light signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904 College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904
| | - Jigang Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huaqing Cai
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904
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Wang Z, Rashotte AM, Dane F. Citrullus colocynthis NAC transcription factors CcNAC1 and CcNAC2 are involved in light and auxin signaling. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:1673-86. [PMID: 24972826 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Two novel NAC transcription factors from C itrullus colocynthis implicated in light and auxin signaling pathway. NAC transcription factors (NAM, ATAF1, 2, CUC2) have multiple functions in plant growth and development. Two NACs, CcNAC1 and CcNAC2, were recently identified in the highly drought-tolerant cucurbit species, Citrullus colocynthis. This study examines the functional role of these genes under different qualities of light based on the in silico analysis of the CcNAC1 and CcNAC2 promoters that revealed the presence of several light-associated motifs. The impact of both light and auxin on CcNAC1 and CcNAC2 expression was examined in C. colocynthis leaves, and using reporter (pCcNAC1, 2::GUS) lines in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the effects of constitutive overexpression (OE-CcNAC1, 2) in Arabidopsis were also examined under a range of conditions to confirm reporter line linkages. White, blue, red, and far-red light treatments resulted in similar patterns of quantitative changes in CcNAC1and CcNAC2 expression in both species, with the highest transcript increases following red light. Photomorphogenic changes in Arabidopsis hypocotyls were correlated with gene transcript levels. In the absence of light, hypocotyls of OE-CcNAC1/CcNAC2 lines were significantly longer as compared to WT. The addition of exogenous auxin (+IAA) to growth medium also resulted in changes to the hypocotyl lengths of overexpression lines and spatiotemporal reporter line changes in seedlings. Our data suggest that CcNAC1, 2 might be functionally important in the light signaling pathway, and appear connected to the hormone auxin. This is the first study to indicate that NAC genes might play a role in both light and auxin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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47
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Desai M, Kaur N, Hu J. Ectopic expression of the RING domain of the Arabidopsis peroxin2 protein partially suppresses the phenotype of the photomorphogenic mutant de-etiolated1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108473. [PMID: 25248106 PMCID: PMC4172754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arabidopsis CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC/DE-ETIOLATED 1/FUSCA (COP/DET1/FUS) proteins repress photomorphogenesis by degrading positive regulators of photomorphogenesis, such as the transcription factor LONG HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5). The gain-of-function mutant ted3, which partially suppresses the det1 mutant, contains a missense mutation of a Val-to-Met substitution before the C-terminal RING finger domain of the peroxisomal membrane protein PEROXIN2 (PEX2). We hypothesized that a truncated PEX2 protein, which only contains the C-terminal RING domain, is initiated by the ted3 mutation and by-passes the function of DET1 in the nucleus. Although we have not been able to detect this hypothetic peptide in vivo, we show in this study that, when fused with a fluorescent protein and overexpressed, the PEX2 RING domain can localize to the nucleus, where it is able to interact with HY5, and PEX2 RING domain overexpression in det1 also partially suppresses the det1 phenotype. Compared with det1, ted3 det1 plants have significantly decreased levels of the HY5 protein and the expression of most of the analyzed HY5 target genes is altered to levels comparable to those in hy5. We conclude that compromised activity of HY5 may have been mainly responsible for the partial reversal of the det1 phenotype in ted3 det1. Our data support the notion that, when appropriately localized, some RING finger domains may be able to achieve neomorphic effects in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mintu Desai
- Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jianping Hu
- Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Plant Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abbas N, Maurya JP, Senapati D, Gangappa SN, Chattopadhyay S. Arabidopsis CAM7 and HY5 physically interact and directly bind to the HY5 promoter to regulate its expression and thereby promote photomorphogenesis. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:1036-52. [PMID: 24610722 PMCID: PMC4001367 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana CALMODULIN7 (CAM7), a unique member of the calmodulin gene family, plays a crucial role as a transcriptional regulator in seedling development. The elongated HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) bZIP protein, an integrator of multiple signaling pathways, also plays an important role in photomorphogenic growth and light-regulated gene expression. CAM7 acts synergistically with HY5 to promote photomorphogenesis at various wavelengths of light. Although the genetic relationships between CAM7 and HY5 in light-mediated seedling development have been demonstrated, the molecular connectivity between CAM7 and HY5 is unknown. Furthermore, whereas HY5-mediated gene regulation has been fairly well investigated, the transcriptional regulation of HY5 is largely unknown. Here, we report that HY5 expression is regulated by HY5 and CAM7 at various wavelengths of light and also at various stages of development. In vitro and in vivo DNA-protein interaction studies suggest that HY5 and CAM7 bind to closely located T/G- and E-box cis-acting elements present in the HY5 promoter, respectively. Furthermore, CAM7 and HY5 physically interact and regulate the expression of HY5 in a concerted manner. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CAM7 and HY5 directly interact with the HY5 promoter to mediate the transcriptional activity of HY5 during Arabidopsis seedling development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Abbas
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jay P. Maurya
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Dhirodatta Senapati
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | | | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
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Lovisetto A, Guzzo F, Tadiello A, Confortin E, Pavanello A, Botton A, Casadoro G. Characterization of a bZIP gene highly expressed during ripening of the peach fruit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 70:462-70. [PMID: 23845825 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A ripening specific bZIP gene of peach was studied by ectopically expressing it in tomato. Two lines, with either a mild or a strong phenotype, respectively, were analyzed in detail. Transgenic fruit morphology was normal, yet the time spent to proceed through the various ripening stages was longer compared to wild type. In agreement with this finding the transgenic berries produced less ethylene, and also had a modified expression of some ripening-related genes that was particularly evident in berries with a strong phenotype. In particular, in the latter fruits polygalacturonase and lipoxygenase genes, but also genes coding for transcription factors (TFs) important for tomato ripening (i.e. TAGL1, CNR, APETALA2a, NOR) did not show the expected decreased expression in the red berries. As regards the RIN gene, its expression continued to increase in both mild and strong lines, and this is in agreement with the dilated ripening times. Interestingly, a metabolomic analysis of berries at various stages of ripening showed that the longer time spent by the transgenic berries to proceed from a stage to another was not due to a slackened metabolism. In fact, the differences in amount of stage-specific marker metabolites indicated that the transgenic berries had a very active metabolism. Therefore, the dilated ripening and the enhanced metabolism of the berries over-expressing the bZIP gene suggest that such gene might regulate ripening by acting as a pacemaker for some of the ripening metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Lovisetto
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padua, Italy.
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Cerri MR, Frances L, Laloum T, Auriac MC, Niebel A, Oldroyd GE, Barker DG, Fournier J, de Carvalho-Niebel F. Medicago truncatula ERN transcription factors: regulatory interplay with NSP1/NSP2 GRAS factors and expression dynamics throughout rhizobial infection. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 160:2155-72. [PMID: 23077241 PMCID: PMC3510138 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.203190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhizobial nodulation factors (NFs) activate a specific signaling pathway in Medicago truncatula root hairs that involves the complex interplay of Nodulation Signaling Pathway1 (NSP1)/NSP2 GRAS and Ethylene Response Factor Required for Nodulation1 (ERN1) transcription factors (TFs) to achieve full ENOD11 transcription. ERN1 acts as a direct transcriptional regulator of ENOD11 through the activation of the NF-responsive "NF box." Here, we show that NSP1, when combined with NSP2, can act as a strong positive regulator of ERN1 and ENOD11 transcription. Although ERN1 and NSP1/NSP2 both activate ENOD11, two separate promoter regions are involved that regulate expression during consecutive symbiotic stages. Our findings indicate that ERN1 is required to activate NF-elicited ENOD11 expression exclusively during early preinfection, while NSP1/NSP2 mediates ENOD11 expression during subsequent rhizobial infection. The relative contributions of ERN1 and the closely related ERN2 to the rhizobial symbiosis were then evaluated by comparing their regulation and in vivo dynamics. ERN1 and ERN2 exhibit expression profiles compatible with roles during NF signaling and subsequent infection. However, differences in expression levels and spatiotemporal profiles suggest specialized functions for these two TFs, ERN1 being involved in stages preceding and accompanying infection thread progression while ERN2 is only involved in certain stages of infection. By cross complementation, we show that ERN2, when expressed under the control of the ERN1 promoter, can restore both NF-elicited ENOD11 expression and nodule formation in an ern1 mutant background. This indicates that ERN1 and ERN2 possess similar biological activities and that functional diversification of these closely related TFs relies primarily on changes in tissue-specific expression patterns.
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