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Wei G, Xu Y, Wang P, Hussain H, Chen Y, Shi Y, Zhu K, Bai M, Xu Y, Wang J, Feng L. Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals New Insights into Triterpene Biosynthesis in Rosa rugosa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1600. [PMID: 38931033 PMCID: PMC11207392 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Rosa rugosa is highly regarded for its aesthetic and therapeutic qualities. In particular, R. rugosa's flowers are known to produce essential oils containing a mixture of volatile terpenes, phenylpropanoids, and other compounds. Despite this, extensive research exists on volatile terpenes in flowers, while the knowledge of non-volatile terpenes in distinct tissues is still limited. Using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, a comprehensive analysis of the terpene metabolites in five different tissues of R. rugosa was conducted. These metabolites accumulated in distinct tissues, and the majority of them were triterpenoids. Transcriptome data were collected from five tissues using RNA-seq. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were utilized to evaluate the triterpene biosynthesis pathway, resulting in new insights into its regulation and biosynthesis. The RrOSC10 was identified as a key enzyme in converting 2,3-oxidosqualene into α-amyrin, potentially contributing to the triterpene biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, the expression of the RrOSC10 gene was upregulated by salinity for 0.5 h and 1 h, with subsequent downregulation at 2 h. This study lays a foundation for future research on the biosynthesis and accumulation of triterpenes in R. rugosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Wei
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Pengqing Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Hammad Hussain
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Yudie Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuqing Shi
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Kaikai Zhu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Mengjuan Bai
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianwen Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Liguo Feng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.W.); (Y.X.); (P.W.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.); (M.B.); (Y.X.); (J.W.)
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Barreda L, Brosse C, Boutet S, Perreau F, Rajjou L, Lepiniec L, Corso M. Specialized metabolite modifications in Brassicaceae seeds and plants: diversity, functions and related enzymes. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:834-859. [PMID: 38323463 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2023Specialized metabolite (SM) modifications and/or decorations, corresponding to the addition or removal of functional groups (e.g. hydroxyl, methyl, glycosyl or acyl group) to SM structures, contribute to the huge diversity of structures, activities and functions of seed and plant SMs. This review summarizes available knowledge (up to 2023) on SM modifications in Brassicaceae and their contribution to SM plasticity. We give a comprehensive overview on enzymes involved in the addition or removal of these functional groups. Brassicaceae, including model (Arabidopsis thaliana) and crop (Brassica napus, Camelina sativa) plant species, present a large diversity of plant and seed SMs, which makes them valuable models to study SM modifications. In this review, particular attention is given to the environmental plasticity of SM and relative modification and/or decoration enzymes. Furthermore, a spotlight is given to SMs and related modification enzymes in seeds of Brassicaceae species. Seeds constitute a large reservoir of beneficial SMs and are one of the most important dietary sources, providing more than half of the world's intake of dietary proteins, oil and starch. The seed tissue- and stage-specific expressions of A. thaliana genes involved in SM modification are presented and discussed in the context of available literature. Given the major role in plant phytochemistry, biology and ecology, SM modifications constitute a subject of study contributing to the research and development in agroecology, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Barreda
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Céline Brosse
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Stéphanie Boutet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - François Perreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Loïc Rajjou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Massimiliano Corso
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
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Decoding Metabolic Reprogramming in Plants under Pathogen Attacks, a Comprehensive Review of Emerging Metabolomics Technologies to Maximize Their Applications. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030424. [PMID: 36984864 PMCID: PMC10055942 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In their environment, plants interact with a multitude of living organisms and have to cope with a large variety of aggressions of biotic or abiotic origin. What has been known for several decades is that the extraordinary variety of chemical compounds the plants are capable of synthesizing may be estimated in the range of hundreds of thousands, but only a fraction has been fully characterized to be implicated in defense responses. Despite the vast importance of these metabolites for plants and also for human health, our knowledge about their biosynthetic pathways and functions is still fragmentary. Recent progress has been made particularly for the phenylpropanoids and oxylipids metabolism, which is more emphasized in this review. With an increasing interest in monitoring plant metabolic reprogramming, the development of advanced analysis methods should now follow. This review capitalizes on the advanced technologies used in metabolome mapping in planta, including different metabolomics approaches, imaging, flux analysis, and interpretation using bioinformatics tools. Advantages and limitations with regards to the application of each technique towards monitoring which metabolite class or type are highlighted, with special emphasis on the necessary future developments to better mirror such intricate metabolic interactions in planta.
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Baud S, Corso M, Debeaujon I, Dubreucq B, Job D, Marion-Poll A, Miquel M, North H, Rajjou L, Lepiniec L. Recent progress in molecular genetics and omics-driven research in seed biology. C R Biol 2023; 345:61-110. [PMID: 36847120 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the mechanisms that control seed development, metabolism, and physiology is a fundamental issue in biology. Michel Caboche had long been a catalyst for seed biology research in France up until his untimely passing away last year. To honour his memory, we have updated a review written under his coordination in 2010 entitled "Arabidopsis seed secrets unravelled after a decade of genetic and omics-driven research". This review encompassed different molecular aspects of seed development, reserve accumulation, dormancy and germination, that are studied in the lab created by M. Caboche. We have extended the scope of this review to highlight original experimental approaches implemented in the field over the past decade such as omics approaches aimed at investigating the control of gene expression, protein modifications, primary and specialized metabolites at the tissue or even cellular level, as well as seed biodiversity and the impact of the environment on seed quality.
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Ahmad F, Nadeem H. Mass Spectroscopy as an Analytical Tool to Harness the Production of Secondary Plant Metabolites: The Way Forward for Drug Discovery. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2575:77-103. [PMID: 36301472 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2716-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The molecular map of diverse biological molecules linked with structure, function, signaling, and regulation within a cell can be elucidated using an analytically demanding omic approach. The latest trend of using "metabolomics" technologies has explained the natural phenomenon of opening a new avenue to understand and enhance bioactive compounds' production. Examination of sequenced plant genomes has revealed that a considerable portion of these encodes genes of secondary metabolism. In addition to genetic and molecular tools developed in the current era, the ever-increasing knowledge about plant metabolism's biochemistry has initiated an approach for wisely designed, more productive genetic engineering of plant secondary metabolism for improved defense systems and enhanced biosynthesis of beneficial metabolites. Secondary plant metabolites are natural products synthesized by plants that are not directly involved with their average growth and development but play a vital role in plant defense mechanisms. Plant secondary metabolites are classified into four major classes: terpenoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds. More than 200,000 secondary metabolites are synthesized by plants having a unique and complex structure. Secondary plant metabolites are well characterized and quantified by omics approaches and therefore used by humans in different sectors such as agriculture, pharmaceuticals, chemical industries, and biofuel. The aim is to establish metabolomics as a comprehensive and dynamic model of diverse biological molecules for biomarkers and drug discovery. In this chapter, we aim to illustrate the role of metabolomic technology, precisely liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, specifically as a research tool in the production and identification of novel bioactive compounds for drug discovery and to obtain a unified insight of secondary metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Hera Nadeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Grishchenko OV, Grigorchuk VP, Tchernoded GK, Koren OG, Bulgakov VP. Callus Culture of Scorzonera radiata as a New, Highly Productive and Stable Source of Caffeoylquinic Acids. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227989. [PMID: 36432088 PMCID: PMC9694156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During our ongoing efforts to investigate biotechnological sources of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) metabolites, we discovered the plant Scorzonera radiata Fisch. (Asteraceae), which is able to produce callus cultures with high yield and extremely high stability. An actively growing callus line, designated as Sr-L1, retained the ability to produce 11 CQAs during long-term cultivation (more than 20 years). A total of 29 polyphenolic compounds were identified in the leaves and Sr-L1 callus culture of S. radiata, including CQAs, lignol derivatives, flavonoids, and dihydrostilbenes. The composition of CQAs in the Sr-L1 culture was identical to that in the S. radiata leaves. Sr-L1 calli did not produce flavonoids and dihydrostilbenes, but produced lignol derivatives, which were absent in leaves. The HPLC-UV-HRMS determination showed the presence of monoacyl derivatives of CQAs such as 5-CQA, 4-CQA, cis-5-CQA, and 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid in the Sr-L1 culture. Among diacyl derivatives, 3,4-diCQA, 3,5-diCQA, cis-3,5-diCQA, 4,5-diCQA, 3-O-p-coumaroyl-5-O-CQA, and 3-O-caffeoyl-5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid were found. The content of 5-CQA reached 7.54 mg/g dry weight and the content of 3,5-diCQA was as high as 18.52 mg/g dry weight. 3,5-diCQA has been reported to be of high nutritional and pharmacological value, as it alleviates inflammatory pain, reverses memory impairment by preventing neuronal apoptosis, and counteracts excessive adipose tissue expansion, serving as an attractive treatment option for obesity. The high content of 3,5-diCQA and the exceptional stability of biosynthesis make callus cultures of S. radiata a promising source for the development of drugs and nutraceuticals.
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Ren Z, Zhang D, Jiao C, Li D, Wu Y, Wang X, Gao C, Lin Y, Ruan Y, Xia Y. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses identified the mode of sucrose degradation as a metabolic marker for early vegetative propagation in bulbs of Lycoris. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:115-134. [PMID: 35942603 PMCID: PMC9826282 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Vegetative propagation (VP) is an important practice for production in many horticultural plants. Sugar supply constitutes the basis of VP in bulb flowers, but the underlying molecular basis remains elusive. By performing a combined sequencing technologies coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry approach for metabolic analyses, we compared two Lycoris species with contrasting regeneration rates: high-regeneration Lycoris sprengeri and low-regeneration Lycoris aurea. A comprehensive multi-omics analyses identified both expected processes involving carbohydrate metabolism and transcription factor networks, as well as the metabolic characteristics for each developmental stage. A higher abundance of the differentially expressed genes including those encoding ethylene responsive factors was detected at bulblet initiation stage compared to the late stage of bulblet development. High hexose-to-sucrose ratio correlated to bulblet formation across all the species examined, indicating its role in the VP process in Lycoris bulb. Importantly, a clear difference between cell wall invertase (CWIN)-catalyzed sucrose unloading in high-regeneration species and the sucrose synthase-catalyzed pathway in low-regeneration species was observed at the bulblet initiation stage, which was supported by findings from carboxyfluorescein tracing and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Collectively, the findings indicate a sugar-mediated model of the regulation of VP in which high CWIN expression or activity may promote bulblet initiation via enhancing apoplasmic unloading of sucrose or sugar signals, whereas the subsequent high ratio of hexose-to-sucrose likely supports cell division characterized in the next phase of bulblet formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Ming Ren
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and InsectsInstitute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Dan‐Qing Li
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Xiu‐Yun Wang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Cong Gao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Ye‐Fan Lin
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yong‐Ling Ruan
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of BiologyThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
- Yazhou Bay LaboratorySanya572024China
| | - Yi‐Ping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
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Jiang W, Xia Y, Su X, Pang Y. ARF2 positively regulates flavonols and proanthocyanidins biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTA 2022; 256:44. [PMID: 35857143 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Auxin response factor 2 acts as a positive regulator to fine-tune the spatial and temporal accumulation of flavonoid compounds, mainly flavonols and proanthocyanidins in Arabidopsis. Auxin response factor (ARF) proteins are reported to involve in auxin-mediated regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. However, the detailed regulation mechanism of ARF remains still unknown. Here, we provide genetic and molecular evidence that one of the twenty-three ARF members-ARF2-positively regulates flavonoid biosynthesis at multi-level in tissue-specific manner in Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss-of-function mutation of ARF2 led to significant reduction in flavonoid content (e.g., flavonols and proanthocyanidins) in the seedlings and seeds of the Arabidopsis arf2 mutants. Over-expression of ARF2 increased flavonols and proanthocyanidins content in Arabidopsis. Additionally, the changes of flavonoid content correlate well with the transcript abundance of several regulatory genes (e.g., MYB11, MYB12, MYB111, TT2, and GL3), and key biosynthetic genes (e.g., CHS, F3'H, FLS, ANS, ANR, TT12, TT19, and TT15), in the arf2 mutant and ARF2 over-expression lines. Transient transactivation assays with site-directed mutagenesis confirmed that ARF2 directly regulates the expression of MYB12 and FLS genes in the flavonol pathway and ANR in the proanthocyanidin pathway, and indirectly regulates MYB11 and MYB111 genes in the flavonol pathway, and ANS, TT12, TT19 and TT15 genes in the proanthocyanidin pathway. Further genetic results indicated that ARF2 acts upstream of MYB12 to regulate flavonol accumulation, and of TT2 to regulate proanthocyanidins accumulation. In particular, yeast two-hybrid assays revealed that ARF2 physically interacts with TT2, a master regulator of proanthocyanidins biosynthesis. Combined together, these results indicated that ARF2 functions as a positive regulator for the fine-tuned spatial and temporal regulation of flavonoids (mainly flavonols and proanthocyanidins) accumulation in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaying Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojia Su
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yongzhen Pang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Li D, Wang Q, Chen S, Liu H, Pan K, Li J, Luo C, Wang H. De novo assembly and analysis of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and identification of genes involved in polysaccharide and saponin biosynthesis. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:195. [PMID: 35272619 PMCID: PMC8915509 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The investigation of molecular mechanisms involved in polysaccharides and saponin metabolism is critical for genetic engineering of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua to raise major active ingredient content. Up to now, the transcript sequences are available for different tissues of P. cyrtonema, a wide range scanning about temporal transcript at different ages’ rhizomes was still absent in P. cyrtonema. Results Transcriptome sequencing for rhizomes at different ages was performed. Sixty-two thousand six hundred thirty-five unigenes were generated by assembling transcripts from all samples. A total of 89 unigenes encoding key enzymes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis and 56 unigenes encoding key enzymes involved in saponin biosynthesis. The content of total polysaccharide and total saponin was positively correlated with the expression patterns of mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (MPI), GDP-L-fucose synthase (TSTA3), UDP-apiose/xylose synthase (AXS), UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH), Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA synthase (HMGS), Mevalonate kinase (MVK), 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase (ispF), (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl-diphosphate synthase (ispG), 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase (ispH), Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS). Finally, a number of key genes were selected and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to validate the transcriptome analysis results. Conclusions These results create the link between polysaccharides and saponin biosynthesis and gene expression, provide insight for underlying key active substances, and reveal novel candidate genes including TFs that are worth further exploration for their functions and values. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08421-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Construction Service Center of Wudang District Agricultural Science and Technology Zone, Wudang, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550018, P. R. China
| | - Songshu Chen
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Hongchang Liu
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Keqin Pan
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Jinling Li
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Hualei Wang
- Agronomy College, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China. .,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China.
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10
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Patel MK, Pandey S, Kumar M, Haque MI, Pal S, Yadav NS. Plants Metabolome Study: Emerging Tools and Techniques. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2409. [PMID: 34834772 PMCID: PMC8621461 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is now considered a wide-ranging, sensitive and practical approach to acquire useful information on the composition of a metabolite pool present in any organism, including plants. Investigating metabolomic regulation in plants is essential to understand their adaptation, acclimation and defense responses to environmental stresses through the production of numerous metabolites. Moreover, metabolomics can be easily applied for the phenotyping of plants; and thus, it has great potential to be used in genome editing programs to develop superior next-generation crops. This review describes the recent analytical tools and techniques available to study plants metabolome, along with their significance of sample preparation using targeted and non-targeted methods. Advanced analytical tools, like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass-spectroscopy (LC-MS), capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS), fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have speed up precise metabolic profiling in plants. Further, we provide a complete overview of bioinformatics tools and plant metabolome database that can be utilized to advance our knowledge to plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Patel
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Sonika Pandey
- Independent Researcher, Civil Line, Fathepur 212601, India;
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel;
| | - Md Intesaful Haque
- Fruit Tree Science Department, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay 3009500, Israel;
| | - Sikander Pal
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India;
| | - Narendra Singh Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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Gichuki DK, Li Q, Hou Y, Liu Y, Ma M, Zhou H, Xu C, Zhu Z, Wang L, Musila FM, Wang Q, Xin H. Characterization of Flavonoids and Transcripts Involved in Their Biosynthesis in Different Organs of Cissus rotundifolia Lam. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110741. [PMID: 34822399 PMCID: PMC8621200 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cissus rotundifolia Lam. is used as a medicinal herb and vegetable. Flavonoids are the major components for the therapeutic effects. However, flavonoids constituents and expression profiles of related genes in C. rotundifolia organs are unknown. Colorimetric assay showed the highest flavonoid concentration in roots compared to the stem and leaf. Widely target-based metabolome analysis allowed tentative identification of 199 compounds in three organs. Flavonols and flavones were the dominant flavonoids subclasses. Among the metabolites, 171 were common in the three organs. Unique accumulation profile was observed in the root while the stem and leaf exhibited relatively similar patterns. In the root, six unique compounds (jaceosidin, licoagrochalcone D, 8-prenylkaempferol, hesperetin 7-O-(6″malonyl) glucoside, aureusidin, apigenin-4′-O-rhamnoside) that are used for medicinal purposes were detected. In total, 18,427 expressed genes were identified from transcriptome of the three organs covering about 60% of annotated genes in C. rotundifolia genome. Fourteen gene families, including 52 members involved in the main pathway of flavonoids biosynthesis, were identified. Their expression could be found in at least one organ. Most of the genes were highly expressed in roots compared to other organs, coinciding with the metabolites profile. The findings provide fundamental data for exploration of metabolites biosynthesis in C. rotundifolia and diversification of parts used for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Kiragu Gichuki
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingyun Li
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujun Hou
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanshuang Liu
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengxue Ma
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhenfei Zhu
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fredrick Mutie Musila
- School of Biological and Life Sciences, Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi 52428-00200, Kenya;
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiping Xin
- Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (D.K.G.); (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-87700880
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Lulamba TE, Green E, Serepa-Dlamini MH. Photorhabdus sp. ETL Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Its Secondary Metabolites by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080787. [PMID: 34440531 PMCID: PMC8401408 DOI: 10.3390/life11080787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are known to be highly pathogenic to insect pests, due to their associated symbiotic bacteria, which produce virulence factors, exo-enzymes and other harmful secondary metabolites to conquer, kill, and degrade their insect hosts. However, these properties are not fully characterized. This study reports on the antimicrobial activities of Photorhabdus sp. strain ETL, symbiotically associated to an insect pathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis zealandica, against human pathogenic bacteria and toxigenic fungi, as well as the non-targeted profiling of its secondary metabolites (SMs) using gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fatty acids including 3-eicosene, (E)-; 5-eicosene, (E)-; eicosene; 9-octadecenamide; undecanoic acid with shown antimicrobial activities were detected. This provided more insight on the composition and bioactivities of SMs produced by the Photorhabdus sp.
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Yonekura-Sakakibara K, Yamamura M, Matsuda F, Ono E, Nakabayashi R, Sugawara S, Mori T, Tobimatsu Y, Umezawa T, Saito K. Seed-coat protective neolignans are produced by the dirigent protein AtDP1 and the laccase AtLAC5 in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:129-152. [PMID: 33751095 PMCID: PMC8136895 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lignans/neolignans are generally synthesized from coniferyl alcohol (CA) in the cinnamate/monolignol pathway by oxidation to generate the corresponding radicals with subsequent stereoselective dimerization aided by dirigent proteins (DIRs). Genes encoding oxidases and DIRs for neolignan biosynthesis have not been identified previously. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the DIR AtDP1/AtDIR12 plays an essential role in the 8-O-4' coupling in neolignan biosynthesis by unequivocal structural determination of the compound missing in the atdp1 mutant as a sinapoylcholine (SC)-conjugated neolignan, erythro-3-{4-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-hydroxymethylethoxy]-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl}acryloylcholine. Phylogenetic analyses showed that AtDP1/AtDIR12 belongs to the DIR-a subfamily composed of DIRs for 8-8' coupling of monolignol radicals. AtDP1/AtDIR12 is specifically expressed in outer integument 1 cells in developing seeds. As a putative oxidase for neolignan biosynthesis, we focused on AtLAC5, a laccase gene coexpressed with AtDP1/AtDIR12. In lac5 mutants, the abundance of feruloylcholine (FC)-conjugated neolignans decreased to a level comparable to those in the atdp1 mutant. In addition, SC/FC-conjugated neolignans were missing in the seeds of mutants defective in SCT/SCPL19, an enzyme that synthesizes SC. These results strongly suggest that AtDP1/AtDIR12 and AtLAC5 are involved in neolignan biosynthesis via SC/FC. A tetrazolium penetration assay showed that seed coat permeability increased in atdp1 mutants, suggesting a protective role of neolignans in A. thaliana seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Yonekura-Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuda
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Ono
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakabayashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Satoko Sugawara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mori
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Research Unit for Development of Global Sustainability, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
- Author for correspondence: ,
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Liu X, Lu H, Liu P, Miao H, Bai Y, Gu X, Zhang S. Identification of Novel Loci and Candidate Genes for Cucumber Downy Mildew Resistance Using GWAS. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121659. [PMID: 33260843 PMCID: PMC7768435 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Downy mildew (DM) is one of the most serious diseases in cucumber. Multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for DM resistance have been detected in a limited number of cucumber accessions. In this study we applied genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to detected genetic loci for DM resistance in a core germplasm (CG) of cucumber lines that represent diverse origins and ecotypes. Phenotypic data on responses to DM infection were collected in four field trials across three years, 2014, 2015, and 2016. With the resequencing data of these CG lines, GWAS for DM resistance was performed and detected 18 loci that were distributed on all the seven cucumber chromosomes. Of these 18 loci, only six (dmG1.4, dmG4.1, dmG4.3, dmG5.2, dmG7.1, and dmG7.2) were detected in two experiments, and were considered as loci with a stable effect on DM resistance. Further, 16 out of the 18 loci colocalized with the QTLs that were reported in previous studies and two loci, dmG2.1 and dmG7.1, were novel ones identified only in this study. Based on the annotation of homologous genes in Arabidopsis and pairwise LD correlation analysis, several candidate genes were identified as potential causal genes underlying the stable and novel loci, including Csa1G575030 for dmG1.4, Csa2G060360 for dmG2.1, Csa4G064680 for dmG4.1, Csa5G606470 for dmG5.2, and Csa7G004020 for dmG7.1. This study shows that the CG germplasm is a very valuable resource carrying known and novel QTLs for DM resistance. The potential of using these CG lines for future allele-mining of candidate genes was discussed in the context of breeding cucumber with resistance to DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (P.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (P.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Panna Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (P.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Han Miao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (P.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (X.G.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xingfang Gu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (P.L.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (X.G.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shengping Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (P.L.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (X.G.); (S.Z.)
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15
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Wu X, Li X, Wang W, Shan Y, Wang C, Zhu M, La Q, Zhong Y, Xu Y, Nan P, Li X. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics study of traditional herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao reveals global metabolic profile and novel phytochemical ingredients. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:697. [PMID: 33208098 PMCID: PMC7677826 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is one of the most common herbs widely used in South and East Asia, to enhance people's health and reinforce vital energy. Despite its prevalence, however, the knowledge about phytochemical compositions and metabolite biosynthesis in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is very limited. RESULTS An integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis using state-of-the-art UPLC-Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometer and advanced bioinformatics pipeline were conducted to study global metabolic profiles and phytochemical ingredients/biosynthesis in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. A total of 5435 metabolites were detected, from which 2190 were annotated, representing an order of magnitude increase over previously known. Metabolic profiling of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao tissues found contents and synthetic enzymes for phytochemicals were significantly higher in leaf and stem in general, whereas the contents of the main bioactive ingredients were significantly enriched in root, underlying the value of root in herbal remedies. Using integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics data, we illustrated the complete pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis, in which some were first reported in the herb. More importantly, we discovered novel flavonoid derivatives using informatics method for neutral loss scan, in addition to inferring their likely synthesis pathways in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. CONCLUSIONS The current study represents the most comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis on traditional herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. We demonstrated our integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics approach offers great potentials in discovering novel metabolite structure and associated synthesis pathways. This study provides novel insights into the phytochemical ingredients, metabolite biosynthesis, and complex metabolic network in herbs, highlighting the rich natural resource and nutritional value of traditional herbal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuetong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuanhong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cuiting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mulan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Qiong La
- Research Institute of Biodiversity & Geobiology, Department of Life Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China 850000, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Research Institute of Biodiversity & Geobiology, Department of Life Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China 850000, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Nan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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16
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Zhang Y, Kang Y, Xie H, Wang Y, Li Y, Huang J. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Isoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Stephania tetrandra. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:1258-1268. [PMID: 32757201 DOI: 10.1055/a-1209-3407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Stephania tetrandra are used as a traditional Chinese medicine. Isoquinoline alkaloids are considered to be the most important and effective components in this herb, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying their biosynthesis. In this context, this study aimed to reveal candidate genes related to isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in S. tetrandra. Determination of tetrandrine and fangchinoline in the roots and leaves of S. tetrandra by HPLC showed that the roots had much higher contents of the two isoquinoline alkaloids than the leaves. Thus, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the two tissues was performed to uncover candidate genes involved in isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. A total of 71 674 unigenes was obtained and 31 994 of these were assigned putative functions based on BLAST searches against 6 annotation databases. Among the 79 isoquinoline alkaloid-related unigenes, 51 were differentially expressed, with 42 and 9 genes upregulated and downregulated, respectively, when the roots were compared with the leaves. The upregulated differentially expressed genes were consistent with isoquinoline alkaloid accumulation in roots and thus were deemed key candidate genes for isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in the roots. Moreover, the expression profiles of 10 isoquinoline alkaloid-related differentially expressed genes between roots and leaves were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, which indicated that our transcriptome and gene expression profiles were reliable. This study not only provides a valuable genomic resource for S. tetrandra but also proposes candidate genes involved in isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis and transcription factors related to the regulation of isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. The results lay a foundation for further studies on isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yun Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yaoting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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17
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Muthuramalingam P, Jeyasri R, Selvaraj A, Pandian SK, Ramesh M. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of glutamine metabolism genes unveil key players in Oryza sativa (L.) to ameliorate the unique and combined abiotic stress tolerance. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:222-231. [PMID: 32682969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Plants can be considered to biosynthesize the specialized metabolites to adapt to various environmental stressors mainly on abiotic stresses (AbS). Among specialized metabolites, glutamine (Gln) is an essential plant metabolite to achieve sustainable plant growth, yield and food security. In this pilot study, swe employed computational metabolomics genome wide association survey (cmGWAS) of Gln metabolite profiling in Oryza sativa, targeting at the identification of abiotic stress responsible (AbSR) - Gln metabolite producing genes (GlnMPG). Identified 5 AbSR-GlnMPG alter the metabolite levels and play a predominant role in delineating the physiological significance of rice. These genes were systematically analysed for their biological features via OryzaCyc. Spatio-temporal and plant hormonal expression pattern of AbSR-GlnMPG was analysed and their differential expression profiling were noted in 48 different tissues and hormones, respectively. Furthermore, comparative ideogram of these genes revealed the chromosomal synteny with C4 grass genomes. Molecular crosstalks of these proteins, unravelled the various metabolic interaction. The systems expression profiling of AbSR-GlnMPG will lead to unravel the metabolite signaling and putative responses in multiple AbS. On the whole, this holistic study provides deeper insights on biomolecular features of AbSR-GlnMPG, which could be analysed further to decipher their functional metabolisms in AbS dynamism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Systems Biology, Science Research Centre, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Rajendran Jeyasri
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anthonymuthu Selvaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Manikandan Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Corso M, Perreau F, Mouille G, Lepiniec L. Specialized phenolic compounds in seeds: structures, functions, and regulations. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110471. [PMID: 32540001 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a huge diversity of specialized metabolites (SM) throughout their life cycle that play important physiological and ecological functions. SM can protect plants and seeds against diseases, predators, and abiotic stresses, or support their interactions with beneficial or symbiotic organisms. They also have strong impacts on human nutrition and health. Despite this importance, the biosynthesis and biological functions of most of the SM remain elusive and their diversity and/or quantity have been reduced in most crops during domestication. Seeds present a large number of SM that are important for their physiological, agronomic, nutritional or industrial qualities and hence, provide interesting models for both studying biosynthesis and producing large amounts of specialized metabolites. For instance, phenolics are abundant and widely distributed in seeds. More specifically, flavonoid pathway has been instrumental for understanding environmental or developmental regulations of specialized metabolic pathways, at the molecular and cellular levels. Here, we summarize current knowledge on seed phenolics as model, and discuss how recent progresses in omics approaches could help to further characterize their diversity, regulations, and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Corso
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - François Perreau
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Grégory Mouille
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
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Polyphenolic Composition and Anti-Melanoma Activity of White Forsythia ( Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai) Organ Extracts. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060757. [PMID: 32560393 PMCID: PMC7356668 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai, commonly called white forsythia, is a monotypic genus endemic to Korea. Although A. distichum is mainly used as an ornamental plant because of its horticultural value, recent studies have demonstrated its bioactivities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, prompting us to investigate the potential anticancer effect of A. distichum organ extracts (leaves, fruit, and branches) against human melanoma SK-MEL-2 cells. The methanol extract of A. distichum leaves (AL) exhibited dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicities against SK-MEL-2 cells but not against HDFa human dermal fibroblasts. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, we identified 18 polyphenolic compounds from A. distichum organ extracts and suggest that differences in anticancer activity between organ extracts should be caused by different compositions of polyphenolic compounds. Additionally, the Annexin V/propidium iodide staining assay and analysis of caspase activity and expression indicated that AL induced cell death, including early and late apoptosis, as well as necrosis, by inducing the extrinsic pathway. Furthermore, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes between mock- and AL-treated cells using RNA-seq technology, suggesting that the anti-melanoma action of AL is mediated by down-regulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, these results shed light on the potential use of A. distichum as a green resource with potent anti-melanoma activity.
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Pontarin N, Molinié R, Mathiron D, Tchoumtchoua J, Bassard S, Gagneul D, Thiombiano B, Demailly H, Fontaine JX, Guillot X, Sarazin V, Quéro A, Mesnard F. Age-Dependent Metabolic Profiles Unravel the Metabolic Relationships Within and Between Flax Leaves ( Linum usitatissimum). Metabolites 2020; 10:E218. [PMID: 32466546 PMCID: PMC7345097 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Flax for oil seed is a crop of increasing popularity, but its cultivation needs technical improvement. Important agronomic traits such as productivity and resistance to stresses are to be regarded as the result of the combined responses of individual organs and their inter-communication. Ultimately, these responses directly reflect the metabolic profile at the cellular level. Above ground, the complexity of the plant phenotype is governed by leaves at different developmental stages, and their ability to synthesise and exchange metabolites. In this study, the metabolic profile of differently-developed leaves was used firstly to discriminate flax leaf developmental stages, and secondly to analyse the allocation of the metabolites within and between leaves. For this purpose, the concentration of 52 metabolites, both primary and specialized, was followed by gas chromatography (GC-) and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in alternate pairs of flax leaves. On the basis of their metabolic content, three populations of leaves in different growth stages could be distinguished. Primary and specialized metabolites showed characteristic distribution patterns, and compounds similarly evolving with leaf age could be grouped by the aid of the Kohonen self-organising map (SOM) algorithm. Ultimately, visualisation of the correlations between metabolites via hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed the assessment of the metabolic fluxes characterising different leaf developmental stages, and the investigation of the relationships between primary and specialized metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pontarin
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
| | - Roland Molinié
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
| | | | - Job Tchoumtchoua
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
- Biomass Valorization Platform—Extraction Department, CELABOR, Avenue du Parc 38, 4650 Herve, Belgium
| | - Solène Bassard
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
| | - David Gagneul
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV), Université de Lille, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France;
| | - Benjamin Thiombiano
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
| | - Xavier Guillot
- Laboulet Semences, 6 rue du Capitaine N’Tchorere, 80270 Airaines, France;
| | - Vivien Sarazin
- SADEF-AgroStation, 30 rue de la Station, 68700 Aspach-Le-Bas, France;
| | - Anthony Quéro
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
| | - François Mesnard
- UMR 1158 Transfontalière BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, Faculté de Pharmacie, 1 rue des Louvels, 80025 Amiens CEDEX, France; (N.P.); (R.M.); (J.T.); (S.B.); (J.-X.F.)
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Kruszka D, Sawikowska A, Kamalabai Selvakesavan R, Krajewski P, Kachlicki P, Franklin G. Silver nanoparticles affect phenolic and phytoalexin composition of Arabidopsis thaliana. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:135361. [PMID: 31839324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are widely used in industry, medicine, biotechnology and agriculture. As a consequence, these nanoparticles are reaching the environment as waste products, which might have a negative impact on the environment, especially on plants. This includes the elicitation of various biochemical processes in plants. In this article, we report on the changes in secondary metabolic profile of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings subjected to silver nanoparticle treatment in vitro. Briefly, various sizes (10 nm, 40 nm and 100 nm in diameter) and concentrations (0.5-5.0 ppm) of silver nanoparticles were tested. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors as well as hyphenated to a high-resolution mass spectrometer (UPLC-PDA-FLR, UPLC-HESI-HRMS) and HPLC - ion trap mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), were applied to identify and quantify secondary metabolites. To understand whether silver ions could induce changes in the secondary metabolite profile, seedlings treated with silver nitrate in concentrations equivalent to these of nanoparticles were also analysed. The results showed significant differences in the accumulation of phenolic and indole compounds between treatments. Silver nanoparticles and silver ions induced the biosynthesis of camalexin, hydroxycamalexin O-hexoside and hydroxycamalexin malonyl-hexoside. These compounds are important phytoalexins for Brassicaceae family (especially for Camelinae clad) and are also synthetized in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Statistically significant changes have been also observed for five phenolic compounds and 5'Glucosyl-dihydroneoascorbigen in different treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Kruszka
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Aneta Sawikowska
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | | | - Paweł Krajewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kachlicki
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Gregory Franklin
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
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Salem MA, Perez de Souza L, Serag A, Fernie AR, Farag MA, Ezzat SM, Alseekh S. Metabolomics in the Context of Plant Natural Products Research: From Sample Preparation to Metabolite Analysis. Metabolites 2020; 10:E37. [PMID: 31952212 PMCID: PMC7023240 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived natural products have long been considered a valuable source of lead compounds for drug development. Natural extracts are usually composed of hundreds to thousands of metabolites, whereby the bioactivity of natural extracts can be represented by synergism between several metabolites. However, isolating every single compound from a natural extract is not always possible due to the complex chemistry and presence of most secondary metabolites at very low levels. Metabolomics has emerged in recent years as an indispensable tool for the analysis of thousands of metabolites from crude natural extracts, leading to a paradigm shift in natural products drug research. Analytical methods such as mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are used to comprehensively annotate the constituents of plant natural products for screening, drug discovery as well as for quality control purposes such as those required for phytomedicine. In this review, the current advancements in plant sample preparation, sample measurements, and data analysis are presented alongside a few case studies of the successful applications of these processes in plant natural product drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Gamal Abd El Nasr st., Shibin Elkom, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Leonardo Perez de Souza
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (L.P.d.S.); (A.R.F.)
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt;
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (L.P.d.S.); (A.R.F.)
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.A.F.); (S.M.E.)
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Shahira M. Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.A.F.); (S.M.E.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 11787, Egypt
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (L.P.d.S.); (A.R.F.)
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
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Wang C, Peng D, Zhu J, Zhao D, Shi Y, Zhang S, Ma K, Wu J, Huang L. Transcriptome analysis of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: identification of genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:65. [PMID: 31289459 PMCID: PMC6593569 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0441-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. cyrtonema) is one of the most important herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Polysaccharides in P. cyrtonema plants comprise a class of important secondary metabolites and exhibit a broad range of pharmacological functions. RESULTS In order to identify genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of leaf, root, and rhizome tissues of P. cyrtonema. A total of 164,573 unigenes were obtained by assembling transcripts from all three tissues and 86,063 of these were annotated in public databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined based on expression profile analysis, and DEG levels in rhizome tissues were then compared with their counterparts in leaf and root tissues. This analysis revealed numerous genes that were either up-regulated or uniquely expressed in the rhizome. Multiple genes encoding important enzymes, such as UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs), or transcription factors involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis were identified and further analyzed, while a few genes encoding key enzymes were experimentally validated using quantitative real-time PCR. CONCLUSION Our results substantially expand the public transcriptome dataset of P. cyrtonema and provide valuable clues for the identification of candidate genes involved in metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenkai Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230012 China
| | - Jinhang Zhu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Derui Zhao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Kelong Ma
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Clinical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230012 China
| | - Luqi Huang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Nunes-Nesi A, Alseekh S, de Oliveira Silva FM, Omranian N, Lichtenstein G, Mirnezhad M, González RRR, Sabio Y Garcia J, Conte M, Leiss KA, Klinkhamer PGL, Nikoloski Z, Carrari F, Fernie AR. Identification and characterization of metabolite quantitative trait loci in tomato leaves and comparison with those reported for fruits and seeds. Metabolomics 2019; 15:46. [PMID: 30874962 PMCID: PMC6420416 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1503-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, most studies of natural variation and metabolite quantitative trait loci (mQTL) in tomato have focused on fruit metabolism, leaving aside the identification of genomic regions involved in the regulation of leaf metabolism. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to identify leaf mQTL in tomato and to assess the association of leaf metabolites and physiological traits with the metabolite levels from other tissues. METHODS The analysis of components of leaf metabolism was performed by phenotypying 76 tomato ILs with chromosome segments of the wild species Solanum pennellii in the genetic background of a cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum) variety M82. The plants were cultivated in two different environments in independent years and samples were harvested from mature leaves of non-flowering plants at the middle of the light period. The non-targeted metabolite profiling was obtained by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). With the data set obtained in this study and already published metabolomics data from seed and fruit, we performed QTL mapping, heritability and correlation analyses. RESULTS Changes in metabolite contents were evident in the ILs that are potentially important with respect to stress responses and plant physiology. By analyzing the obtained data, we identified 42 positive and 76 negative mQTL involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings allowed the identification of S. lycopersicum genome regions involved in the regulation of leaf primary carbon and nitrogen metabolism, as well as the association of leaf metabolites with metabolites from seeds and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, OT, Germany.
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, OT, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Nooshin Omranian
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, OT, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Gabriel Lichtenstein
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
| | - Mohammad Mirnezhad
- Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roman R Romero González
- Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Sabio Y Garcia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
| | - Mariana Conte
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
| | - Kirsten A Leiss
- Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Business Unit Horticulture, Wageningen University & Research, Postbus 20, 2665 ZG, Bleiswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G L Klinkhamer
- Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, OT, Germany
- Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, OT, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Oyarce P, De Meester B, Fonseca F, de Vries L, Goeminne G, Pallidis A, De Rycke R, Tsuji Y, Li Y, Van den Bosch S, Sels B, Ralph J, Vanholme R, Boerjan W. Introducing curcumin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis enhances lignocellulosic biomass processing. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:225-237. [PMID: 30692678 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the main cause of lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance to industrial enzymatic hydrolysis. By partially replacing the traditional lignin monomers by alternative ones, lignin extractability can be enhanced. To design a lignin that is easier to degrade under alkaline conditions, curcumin (diferuloylmethane) was produced in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana via simultaneous expression of the turmeric (Curcuma longa) genes DIKETIDE-CoA SYNTHASE (DCS) and CURCUMIN SYNTHASE 2 (CURS2). The transgenic plants produced a plethora of curcumin- and phenylpentanoid-derived compounds with no negative impact on growth. Catalytic hydrogenolysis gave evidence that both curcumin and phenylpentanoids were incorporated into the lignifying cell wall, thereby significantly increasing saccharification efficiency after alkaline pretreatment of the transgenic lines by 14-24% as compared with the wild type. These results demonstrate that non-native monomers can be synthesized and incorporated into the lignin polymer in plants to enhance their biomass processing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Oyarce
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Meester
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fernando Fonseca
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisanne de Vries
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Goeminne
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Metabolomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreas Pallidis
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Metabolomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University Expertise Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy and VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yukiko Tsuji
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- US Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yanding Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- US Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Bert Sels
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - John Ralph
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- US Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ruben Vanholme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Metabolomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wout Boerjan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Metabolomics Core, Ghent, Belgium.
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27
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Zhu G, Wang S, Huang Z, Zhang S, Liao Q, Zhang C, Lin T, Qin M, Peng M, Yang C, Cao X, Han X, Wang X, van der Knaap E, Zhang Z, Cui X, Klee H, Fernie AR, Luo J, Huang S. Rewiring of the Fruit Metabolome in Tomato Breeding. Cell 2018; 172:249-261.e12. [PMID: 29328914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Humans heavily rely on dozens of domesticated plant species that have been further improved through intensive breeding. To evaluate how breeding changed the tomato fruit metabolome, we have generated and analyzed a dataset encompassing genomes, transcriptomes, and metabolomes from hundreds of tomato genotypes. The combined results illustrate how breeding globally altered fruit metabolite content. Selection for alleles of genes associated with larger fruits altered metabolite profiles as a consequence of linkage with nearby genes. Selection of five major loci reduced the accumulation of anti-nutritional steroidal glycoalkaloids in ripened fruits, rendering the fruit more edible. Breeding for pink tomatoes modified the content of over 100 metabolites. The introgression of resistance genes from wild relatives in cultivars also resulted in major and unexpected metabolic changes. The study reveals a multi-omics view of the metabolic breeding history of tomato, as well as provides insights into metabolome-assisted breeding and plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtao Zhu
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China
| | - Shouchuang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zejun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuaibin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qinggang Liao
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China
| | - Chunzhi Zhang
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China
| | - Mao Qin
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China
| | - Meng Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chenkun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Han
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xia Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Harry Klee
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 144776, Germany; Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Jie Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry of Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 572208, China.
| | - Sanwen Huang
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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28
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Kooke R, Morgado L, Becker F, van Eekelen H, Hazarika R, Zheng Q, de Vos RCH, Johannes F, Keurentjes JJB. Epigenetic mapping of the Arabidopsis metabolome reveals mediators of the epigenotype-phenotype map. Genome Res 2018; 29:96-106. [PMID: 30504416 PMCID: PMC6314165 DOI: 10.1101/gr.232371.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the sources of natural variation underlying metabolic differences between plants will enable a better understanding of plant metabolism and provide insights into the regulatory networks that govern plant growth and morphology. So far, however, the contribution of epigenetic variation to metabolic diversity has been largely ignored. In the present study, we utilized a panel of Arabidopsis thaliana epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) to assess the impact of epigenetic variation on the metabolic composition. Thirty epigenetic QTL (QTLepi) were detected, which partly overlap with QTLepi linked to growth and morphology. In an effort to identify causal candidate genes in the QTLepi regions and their putative trans-targets, we performed in silico small RNA and qPCR analyses. Differentially expressed genes were further studied by phenotypic and metabolic analyses of knockout mutants. Three genes were detected that recapitulated the detected QTLepi effects, providing evidence for epigenetic regulation in cis and in trans. These results indicate that epigenetic mechanisms impact metabolic diversity, possibly via small RNAs, and thus aid in further disentangling the complex epigenotype-phenotype map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Kooke
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Biosystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lionel Morgado
- Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte van Eekelen
- Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rashmi Hazarika
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Qunfeng Zheng
- Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 310008 Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ric C H de Vos
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Johannes
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Population Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Department of Plant Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Joost J B Keurentjes
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Biosystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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29
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Francoz E, Lepiniec L, North HM. Seed coats as an alternative molecular factory: thinking outside the box. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:327-342. [PMID: 30056618 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed coats as commodities. Seed coats play important roles in the protection of the embryo from biological attack and physical damage by the environment as well as dispersion strategies. A significant part of the energy devoted by the mother plant to seed production is channeled into the production of the cell layers and metabolites that surround the embryo. Nevertheless, in crop species these are often discarded post-harvest and are a wasted resource that could be processed to yield co-products. The production of novel compounds from existing metabolites is also a possibility. A number of macromolecules are already accumulated in these maternal layers that could be exploited in industrial applications either directly or via green chemistry, notably flavonoids, lignin, lignan, polysaccharides, lipid polyesters and waxes. Here, we summarize our knowledge of the in planta biosynthesis pathways of these macromolecules and their molecular regulation as well as potential applications. We also outline recent work aimed at providing further tools for increasing yields of existing molecules or the development of novel biotech approaches, as well as trial studies aimed at exploiting this underused resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Francoz
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France.
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30
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Srivastava M, Singh G, Sharma S, Shukla S, Misra P. Elicitation Enhanced the Yield of Glycyrrhizin and Antioxidant Activities in Hairy Root Cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2018; 38:373-384. [PMID: 32214632 PMCID: PMC7088221 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-018-9847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. has become an endangered medicinal plant due to the unabated extraction of glycyrrhizin. Glycyrrhizin is a triterpenoid saponin that is a root centric secondary metabolite having numerous pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiallergic, antiulcer, and is found to be effective even against HIV. Harvesting of the roots for high value glycyrrhizin destroys the whole plant causing existential threat to the plant itself and consequent damage to biodiversity. The present study establishes that hairy root cultures of G. glabra, using an optimized elicitor, can dramatically enhance focused production of glycyrrhizin at a much faster pace year-round without causing destruction of the plant. Hairy root cultures of G. glabra were developed using the Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 strain. The glycyrrhizin content was enhanced using different biotic and abiotic elicitors, for example, PEG (polyethylene glycol), CdCl2, cellulase, and mannan at different concentrations and durations. PEG at 1% concentration enhanced the yield of glycyrrhizin up to 5.4-fold after 24 h of exposure, whereas 200 µg mL-1 cellulase enhanced glycyrrhizin yield to 8.6-fold after 7 days of treatment. Mannan at 10 mg L-1 concentration enhanced the production of glycyrrhizin up to 7.8-fold after 10 days of stress. Among different antioxidant enzymes, SOD activity was significantly enhanced under drought, cellulase and mannan stress. This identification of elicitors can result in abundant supply of valuable glycyrrhizin to meet broad spectrum demand through commercial production without endangering G. glabra L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Srivastava
- CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
- Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Gaurav Singh
- CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sudhir Shukla
- CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Pratibha Misra
- CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
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31
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Shah T, Xu J, Zou X, Cheng Y, Nasir M, Zhang X. Omics Approaches for Engineering Wheat Production under Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2390. [PMID: 30110906 PMCID: PMC6121627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses greatly influenced wheat productivity executed by environmental factors such as drought, salt, water submergence and heavy metals. The effective management at the molecular level is mandatory for a thorough understanding of plant response to abiotic stress. Understanding the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance is complex and requires information at the omic level. In the areas of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics enormous progress has been made in the omics field. The rising field of ionomics is also being utilized for examining abiotic stress resilience in wheat. Omic approaches produce a huge amount of data and sufficient developments in computational tools have been accomplished for efficient analysis. However, the integration of omic-scale information to address complex genetics and physiological questions is still a challenge. Though, the incorporation of omic-scale data to address complex genetic qualities and physiological inquiries is as yet a challenge. In this review, we have reported advances in omic tools in the perspective of conventional and present day approaches being utilized to dismember abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. Attention was given to methodologies, for example, quantitative trait loci (QTL), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS). Comparative genomics and candidate genes methodologies are additionally talked about considering the identification of potential genomic loci, genes and biochemical pathways engaged with stress resilience in wheat. This review additionally gives an extensive list of accessible online omic assets for wheat and its effective use. We have additionally addressed the significance of genomics in the integrated approach and perceived high-throughput multi-dimensional phenotyping as a significant restricting component for the enhancement of abiotic stress resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Shah
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Jinsong Xu
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Xiling Zou
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Mubasher Nasir
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xuekun Zhang
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
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32
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Jeffryes JG, Seaver SMD, Faria JP, Henry CS. A pathway for every product? Tools to discover and design plant metabolism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 273:61-70. [PMID: 29907310 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The vast diversity of plant natural products is a powerful indication of the biosynthetic capacity of plant metabolism. Synthetic biology seeks to capitalize on this ability by understanding and reconfiguring the biosynthetic pathways that generate this diversity to produce novel products with improved efficiency. Here we review the algorithms and databases that presently support the design and manipulation of metabolic pathways in plants, starting from metabolic models of native biosynthetic pathways, progressing to novel combinations of known reactions, and finally proposing new reactions that may be carried out by existing enzymes. We show how these tools are useful for proposing new pathways as well as identifying side reactions that may affect engineering goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Jeffryes
- Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, IL, United States
| | - Samuel M D Seaver
- Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, IL, United States
| | - José P Faria
- Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, IL, United States
| | - Christopher S Henry
- Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, IL, United States.
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33
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Shirai K, Matsuda F, Nakabayashi R, Okamoto M, Tanaka M, Fujimoto A, Shimizu M, Shinozaki K, Seki M, Saito K, Hanada K. A Highly Specific Genome-Wide Association Study Integrated with Transcriptome Data Reveals the Contribution of Copy Number Variations to Specialized Metabolites in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions. Mol Biol Evol 2018; 34:3111-3122. [PMID: 28961930 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msx234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lineage-specific gene duplications contribute to a large variation in specialized metabolites among different plant species. There is also considerable variability in the specialized metabolites within a single plant species. However, it is unclear whether copy number variations (CNVs) derived from gene duplication events contribute to the diversity of specialized metabolites within species. We identified metabolome quantitative trait genes (mQTGs) associated with quantitative metabolite variations and examined the relationship between mQTGs and CNVs. We obtained 1,335 specialized metabolite signals from 53 worldwide A. thaliana accessions using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In this study, genes associated with specialized metabolites were inferred by either a generally authorized genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach or a novel analysis of the association between gene expression and metabolite accumulation. Genes qualified by both analyses are defined to be mQTGs. The integrated method enabled us to detect mQTGs with a low false positive rate (=5.71 × 10-4). We also identified 5,654 genes associated with 1,335 specialized metabolites. Of these genes, 4.4% were affected by CNVs, which was more than expected (χ2 test: P < 0.01). This result suggests that CNVs contribute to variations in specialized metabolites within a species. To assess the contribution of CNVs to adaptive evolution in A. thaliana, we examined the selective sweeps around the mQTGs. We observed that the mQTGs with CNVs tended to undergo selective sweeps. These observations imply that variations in specialized metabolites caused by CNVs contribute to the adaptive evolution of A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Shirai
- Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuda
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakabayashi
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Okamoto
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan.,Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Maho Tanaka
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujimoto
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Minami Shimizu
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kousuke Hanada
- Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan.,Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
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34
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Kind T, Tsugawa H, Cajka T, Ma Y, Lai Z, Mehta SS, Wohlgemuth G, Barupal DK, Showalter MR, Arita M, Fiehn O. Identification of small molecules using accurate mass MS/MS search. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:513-532. [PMID: 28436590 PMCID: PMC8106966 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectral library search (MS/MS) is the fastest way to correctly annotate MS/MS spectra from screening small molecules in fields such as environmental analysis, drug screening, lipid analysis, and metabolomics. The confidence in MS/MS-based annotation of chemical structures is impacted by instrumental settings and requirements, data acquisition modes including data-dependent and data-independent methods, library scoring algorithms, as well as post-curation steps. We critically discuss parameters that influence search results, such as mass accuracy, precursor ion isolation width, intensity thresholds, centroiding algorithms, and acquisition speed. A range of publicly and commercially available MS/MS databases such as NIST, MassBank, MoNA, LipidBlast, Wiley MSforID, and METLIN are surveyed. In addition, software tools including NIST MS Search, MS-DIAL, Mass Frontier, SmileMS, Mass++, and XCMS2 to perform fast MS/MS search are discussed. MS/MS scoring algorithms and challenges during compound annotation are reviewed. Advanced methods such as the in silico generation of tandem mass spectra using quantum chemistry and machine learning methods are covered. Community efforts for curation and sharing of tandem mass spectra that will allow for faster distribution of scientific discoveries are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kind
- Genome Center, Metabolomics, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | - Hiroshi Tsugawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomas Cajka
- Genome Center, Metabolomics, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijuan Lai
- Genome Center, Metabolomics, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Masanori Arita
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- Genome Center, Metabolomics, UC Davis, Davis, California
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Global analysis of threonine metabolism genes unravel key players in rice to improve the abiotic stress tolerance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9270. [PMID: 29915249 PMCID: PMC6006157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity in plant metabolites with improved phytonutrients is essential to achieve global food security and sustainable crop yield. Our study using computational metabolomics genome wide association study (cmGWAS) reports on a comprehensive profiling of threonine (Thr) metabolite in rice. Sixteen abiotic stress responsive (AbSR) – Thr metabolite producing genes (ThrMPG), modulate metabolite levels and play a significant role determining both physiological and nutritional importance of rice. These AbSR-ThrMPG were computationally analysed for their protein properties using OryzaCyc through plant metabolic network analyser. A total of 1373 and 1028 SNPs were involved in complex traits and genomic variations. Comparative mapping of AbSR-ThrMPG revealed the chromosomal colinearity with C4 grass species. Further, computational expression pattern of these genes predicted a differential expression profiling in diverse developmental tissues. Protein interaction of protein coding gene sequences revealed that the abiotic stresses (AbS) are multigenic in nature. In silico expression of AbSR-ThrMPG determined the putative involvement in response to individual AbS. This is the first comprehensive genome wide study reporting on AbSR –ThrMPG analysis in rice. The results of this study provide a pivotal resource for further functional investigation of these key genes in the vital areas of manipulating AbS signaling in rice improvement.
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36
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Nintemann SJ, Hunziker P, Andersen TG, Schulz A, Burow M, Halkier BA. Localization of the glucosinolate biosynthetic enzymes reveals distinct spatial patterns for the biosynthesis of indole and aliphatic glucosinolates. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:138-154. [PMID: 29194649 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates constitute the primary defense metabolites in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). Indole and aliphatic glucosinolates, biosynthesized from tryptophan and methionine, respectively, are known to serve distinct biological functions. Although all genes in the biosynthetic pathways are identified, and it is known where glucosinolates are stored, it has remained elusive where glucosinolates are produced at the cellular and tissue level. To understand how the spatial organization of the different glucosinolate biosynthetic pathways contributes to their distinct biological functions, we investigated the localization of enzymes of the pathways under constitutive conditions and, for indole glucosinolates, also under induced conditions, by analyzing the spatial distribution of several fluorophore-tagged enzymes at the whole plant and the cellular level. We show that key steps in the biosynthesis of the different types of glucosinolates are localized in distinct cells in separate as well as overlapping vascular tissues. The presence of glucosinolate biosynthetic enzymes in parenchyma cells of the vasculature may assign new defense-related functions to these cell types. The knowledge gained in this study is an important prerequisite for understanding the orchestration of chemical defenses from site of synthesis to site of storage and potential (re)mobilization upon attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Nintemann
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Pascal Hunziker
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Tonni G Andersen
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Alexander Schulz
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Meike Burow
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Barbara A Halkier
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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37
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Höhner R, Marques JV, Ito T, Amakura Y, Budgeon AD, Weitz K, Hixson KK, Davin LB, Kirchhoff H, Lewis NG. Reduced Arogenate Dehydratase Expression: Ramifications for Photosynthesis and Metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:115-131. [PMID: 29523714 PMCID: PMC5933128 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Arogenate dehydratase (ADT) catalyzes the final step of phenylalanine (Phe) biosynthesis. Previous work showed that ADT-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants had significantly reduced lignin contents, with stronger reductions in lines that had deficiencies in more ADT isoforms. Here, by analyzing Arabidopsis ADT mutants using our phenomics facility and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, we describe the effects of the modulation of ADT on photosynthetic parameters and secondary metabolism. Our data indicate that a reduced carbon flux into Phe biosynthesis in ADT mutants impairs the consumption of photosynthetically produced ATP, leading to an increased ATP/ADP ratio, the overaccumulation of transitory starch, and lower electron transport rates. The effect on electron transport rates is caused by an increase in proton motive force across the thylakoid membrane that down-regulates photosystem II activity by the high-energy quenching mechanism. Furthermore, quantitation of secondary metabolites in ADT mutants revealed reduced flavonoid, phenylpropanoid, lignan, and glucosinolate contents, including glucosinolates that are not derived from aromatic amino acids, and significantly increased contents of putative galactolipids and apocarotenoids. Additionally, we used real-time atmospheric monitoring mass spectrometry to compare respiration and carbon fixation rates between the wild type and adt3/4/5/6, our most extreme ADT knockout mutant, which revealed no significant difference in both night- and day-adapted plants. Overall, these data reveal the profound effects of altered ADT activity and Phe metabolism on secondary metabolites and photosynthesis with implications for plant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Höhner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Joaquim V Marques
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Tetsuro Ito
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Alan D Budgeon
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Karl Weitz
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Kim K Hixson
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Laurence B Davin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Norman G Lewis
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
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38
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Abstract
A variety of chemicals produced by plants, often referred to as 'phytochemicals', have been used as medicines, food, fuels and industrial raw materials. Recent advances in the study of genomics and metabolomics in plant science have accelerated our understanding of the mechanisms, regulation and evolution of the biosynthesis of specialized plant products. We can now address such questions as how the metabolomic diversity of plants is originated at the levels of genome, and how we should apply this knowledge to drug discovery, industry and agriculture. Our research group has focused on metabolomics-based functional genomics over the last 15 years and we have developed a new research area called 'Phytochemical Genomics'. In this review, the development of a research platform for plant metabolomics is discussed first, to provide a better understanding of the chemical diversity of plants. Then, representative applications of metabolomics to functional genomics in a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, are described. The extension of integrated multi-omics analyses to non-model specialized plants, e.g., medicinal plants, is presented, including the identification of novel genes, metabolites and networks for the biosynthesis of flavonoids, alkaloids, sulfur-containing metabolites and terpenoids. Further, functional genomics studies on a variety of medicinal plants is presented. I also discuss future trends in pharmacognosy and related sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University.,RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
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Nguyen TKO, Jamali A, Grand E, Morreel K, Marcelo P, Gontier E, Dauwe R. Phenylpropanoid profiling reveals a class of hydroxycinnamoyl glucaric acid conjugates in Isatis tinctoria leaves. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 144:127-140. [PMID: 28930667 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The brassicaceous herb, Isatis tinctoria, is an ancient medicinal plant whose rosette leaf extracts have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity. Brassicaceae are known to accumulate a variety of phenylpropanoids in their rosette leaves acting as antioxidants and a UV-B shield, and these compounds often have pharmacological potential. Nevertheless, knowledge about the phenylpropanoid content of I. tinctoria leaves remains limited to the characterization of a number of flavonoids. In this research, we profiled the methanol extracts of I. tinctoria fresh leaf extracts by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and focused on the phenylpropanoid derivatives. We report the structural characterization of 99 compounds including 18 flavonoids, 21 mono- or oligolignols, 2 benzenoids, and a wide spectrum of 58 hydroxycinnamic acid esters. Besides the sinapate esters of malate, glucose and gentiobiose, which are typical of brassicaceous plants, these conjugates comprised a large variety of glucaric acid esters that have not previously been reported in plants. Feeding with 13C6-glucaric acid showed that glucaric acid is an acyl acceptor of an as yet unknown acyltransferase activity in I. tinctoria rosette leaves. The large amount of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives changes radically our view of the woad metabolite profile and potentially contributes to the pharmacological activity of I. tinctoria leaf extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Kieu-Oanh Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacological Medical and Agronomical Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Arash Jamali
- Plateforme de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Eric Grand
- LG2A, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CNRS UMR 7378, Institut de Chimie de Picardie, CNRS FR 3085, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Kris Morreel
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Paulo Marcelo
- Plateforme ICAP, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1-3, rue des Louvels, 80036 Amiens Cedex 1, Amiens, France.
| | - Eric Gontier
- EA3900 BioPI, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Rebecca Dauwe
- EA3900 BioPI, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
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40
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Takuno S, Seymour DK, Gaut BS. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Orthologs That Shift in Gene Body Methylation between Arabidopsis Species. Mol Biol Evol 2017; 34:1479-1491. [PMID: 28333248 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msx099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation labels a specific subset of genes in plant genomes. Recent work has shown that this gene-body methylation (gbM) is a conserved feature of orthologs, because highly methylated genes in one species tend to be highly methylated in another. In this study, we examined the exceptions to that rule by identifying genes that differ in gbM status between two plant species-Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis lyrata. Using Capsella grandiflora as an outgroup, we polarized the loss and gain of gbM for orthologs in the Arabidopsis lineage. Our survey identified a few hundred genes that differed between ingroup species, out of ∼9,000 orthologs. The estimated rate of gbM gain was ∼2 × 10-9 per gene per year for both ingroup taxa and was similar to the loss rate in A. lyrata. In contrast, A. thaliana had a ∼3-fold higher estimated rate of gbM loss per gene, consistent with a recent diminishment of genome size. As in previous studies, we found that body-methylated genes were expressed broadly across tissues and were also longer than other genic sets. Genes that differed in gbM status exhibited higher variance in expression between species than genes that were body-methylated in both species. Moreover, the gain of gbM in one lineage tended to be associated with an increase of expression in that lineage. The genes that varied in gbM status between species varied more significantly in length between species than other sets of genes; we hypothesize that length is a key feature in the transition between body-methylated and nonmethylated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Takuno
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Danelle K Seymour
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Brandon S Gaut
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA
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Kumar R, Bohra A, Pandey AK, Pandey MK, Kumar A. Metabolomics for Plant Improvement: Status and Prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1302. [PMID: 28824660 PMCID: PMC5545584 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Post-genomics era has witnessed the development of cutting-edge technologies that have offered cost-efficient and high-throughput ways for molecular characterization of the function of a cell or organism. Large-scale metabolite profiling assays have allowed researchers to access the global data sets of metabolites and the corresponding metabolic pathways in an unprecedented way. Recent efforts in metabolomics have been directed to improve the quality along with a major focus on yield related traits. Importantly, an integration of metabolomics with other approaches such as quantitative genetics, transcriptomics and genetic modification has established its immense relevance to plant improvement. An effective combination of these modern approaches guides researchers to pinpoint the functional gene(s) and the characterization of massive metabolites, in order to prioritize the candidate genes for downstream analyses and ultimately, offering trait specific markers to improve commercially important traits. This in turn will improve the ability of a plant breeder by allowing him to make more informed decisions. Given this, the present review captures the significant leads gained in the past decade in the field of plant metabolomics accompanied by a brief discussion on the current contribution and the future scope of metabolomics to accelerate plant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad (UoH)Hyderabad, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)Kanpur, India
| | - Arun K. Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)Hyderabad, India
| | - Anirudh Kumar
- Department of Botany, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU)Amarkantak, India
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42
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Perez de Souza L, Naake T, Tohge T, Fernie AR. From chromatogram to analyte to metabolite. How to pick horses for courses from the massive web resources for mass spectral plant metabolomics. Gigascience 2017; 6:1-20. [PMID: 28520864 PMCID: PMC5499862 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/gix037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The grand challenge currently facing metabolomics is the expansion of the coverage of the metabolome from a minor percentage of the metabolic complement of the cell toward the level of coverage afforded by other post-genomic technologies such as transcriptomics and proteomics. In plants, this problem is exacerbated by the sheer diversity of chemicals that constitute the metabolome, with the number of metabolites in the plant kingdom generally considered to be in excess of 200 000. In this review, we focus on web resources that can be exploited in order to improve analyte and ultimately metabolite identification and quantification. There is a wide range of available software that not only aids in this but also in the related area of peak alignment; however, for the uninitiated, choosing which program to use is a daunting task. For this reason, we provide an overview of the pros and cons of the software as well as comments regarding the level of programing skills required to effectively exploit their basic functions. In addition, the torrent of available genome and transcriptome sequences that followed the advent of next-generation sequencing has opened up further valuable resources for metabolite identification. All things considered, we posit that only via a continued communal sharing of information such as that deposited in the databases described within the article are we likely to be able to make significant headway toward improving our coverage of the plant metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Perez de Souza
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thomas Naake
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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43
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Rai A, Saito K, Yamazaki M. Integrated omics analysis of specialized metabolism in medicinal plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:764-787. [PMID: 28109168 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are a rich source of highly diverse specialized metabolites with important pharmacological properties. Until recently, plant biologists were limited in their ability to explore the biosynthetic pathways of these metabolites, mainly due to the scarcity of plant genomics resources. However, recent advances in high-throughput large-scale analytical methods have enabled plant biologists to discover biosynthetic pathways for important plant-based medicinal metabolites. The reduced cost of generating omics datasets and the development of computational tools for their analysis and integration have led to the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of several bioactive metabolites of plant origin. These discoveries have inspired synthetic biology approaches to develop microbial systems to produce bioactive metabolites originating from plants, an alternative sustainable source of medicinally important chemicals. Since the demand for medicinal compounds are increasing with the world's population, understanding the complete biosynthesis of specialized metabolites becomes important to identify or develop reliable sources in the future. Here, we review the contributions of major omics approaches and their integration to our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways of bioactive metabolites. We briefly discuss different approaches for integrating omics datasets to extract biologically relevant knowledge and the application of omics datasets in the construction and reconstruction of metabolic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Rai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mami Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
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Mnich E, Vanholme R, Oyarce P, Liu S, Lu F, Goeminne G, Jørgensen B, Motawie MS, Boerjan W, Ralph J, Ulvskov P, Møller BL, Bjarnholt N, Harholt J. Degradation of lignin β-aryl ether units in Arabidopsis thaliana expressing LigD, LigF and LigG from Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:581-593. [PMID: 27775869 PMCID: PMC5399005 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a major polymer in the secondary plant cell wall and composed of hydrophobic interlinked hydroxyphenylpropanoid units. The presence of lignin hampers conversion of plant biomass into biofuels; plants with modified lignin are therefore being investigated for increased digestibility. The bacterium Sphingomonas paucimobilis produces lignin-degrading enzymes including LigD, LigF and LigG involved in cleaving the most abundant lignin interunit linkage, the β-aryl ether bond. In this study, we expressed the LigD, LigF and LigG (LigDFG) genes in Arabidopsis thaliana to introduce postlignification modifications into the lignin structure. The three enzymes were targeted to the secretory pathway. Phenolic metabolite profiling and 2D HSQC NMR of the transgenic lines showed an increase in oxidized guaiacyl and syringyl units without concomitant increase in oxidized β-aryl ether units, showing lignin bond cleavage. Saccharification yield increased significantly in transgenic lines expressing LigDFG, showing the applicability of our approach. Additional new information on substrate specificity of the LigDFG enzymes is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Mnich
- Plant Biochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Ruben Vanholme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Department of Plant Systems BiologyVIBGhentBelgium
| | - Paula Oyarce
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Department of Plant Systems BiologyVIBGhentBelgium
| | - Sarah Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterWisconsin Energy InstituteMadisonWIUSA
| | - Fachuang Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterWisconsin Energy InstituteMadisonWIUSA
| | | | - Bodil Jørgensen
- Section for Plant GlycobiologyDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Mohammed S. Motawie
- Plant Biochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Wout Boerjan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Department of Plant Systems BiologyVIBGhentBelgium
| | - John Ralph
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterWisconsin Energy InstituteMadisonWIUSA
| | - Peter Ulvskov
- Section for Plant GlycobiologyDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Birger L. Møller
- Plant Biochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Carlsberg Research LaboratoryCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Nanna Bjarnholt
- Plant Biochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Jesper Harholt
- Section for Plant GlycobiologyDepartment of Plant Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Carlsberg Research LaboratoryCopenhagenDenmark
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45
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Ahuja I, de Vos RCH, Rohloff J, Stoopen GM, Halle KK, Ahmad SJN, Hoang L, Hall RD, Bones AM. Arabidopsis myrosinases link the glucosinolate-myrosinase system and the cuticle. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38990. [PMID: 27976683 PMCID: PMC5157024 DOI: 10.1038/srep38990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both physical barriers and reactive phytochemicals represent two important components of a plant's defence system against environmental stress. However, these two defence systems have generally been studied independently. Here, we have taken an exclusive opportunity to investigate the connection between a chemical-based plant defence system, represented by the glucosinolate-myrosinase system, and a physical barrier, represented by the cuticle, using Arabidopsis myrosinase (thioglucosidase; TGG) mutants. The tgg1, single and tgg1 tgg2 double mutants showed morphological changes compared to wild-type plants visible as changes in pavement cells, stomatal cells and the ultrastructure of the cuticle. Extensive metabolite analyses of leaves from tgg mutants and wild-type Arabidopsis plants showed altered levels of cuticular fatty acids, fatty acid phytyl esters, glucosinolates, and indole compounds in tgg single and double mutants as compared to wild-type plants. These results point to a close and novel association between chemical defence systems and physical defence barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Ahuja
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Realfagbygget, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Plant Research International, Wageningen UR, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ric C. H. de Vos
- Plant Research International, Wageningen UR, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Rohloff
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Realfagbygget, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geert M. Stoopen
- Plant Research International, Wageningen UR, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- RIKILT, Wageningen UR, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kari K. Halle
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Linh Hoang
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core Facility (CMIC), Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Robert D. Hall
- Plant Research International, Wageningen UR, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Atle M. Bones
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Realfagbygget, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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46
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Li D, Heiling S, Baldwin IT, Gaquerel E. Illuminating a plant's tissue-specific metabolic diversity using computational metabolomics and information theory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E7610-E7618. [PMID: 27821729 PMCID: PMC5127351 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1610218113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolite diversity is considered an important fitness determinant for plants' biotic and abiotic interactions in nature. This diversity can be examined in two dimensions. The first one considers metabolite diversity across plant species. A second way of looking at this diversity is by considering the tissue-specific localization of pathways underlying secondary metabolism within a plant. Although these cross-tissue metabolite variations are increasingly regarded as important readouts of tissue-level gene function and regulatory processes, they have rarely been comprehensively explored by nontargeted metabolomics. As such, important questions have remained superficially addressed. For instance, which tissues exhibit prevalent signatures of metabolic specialization? Reciprocally, which metabolites contribute most to this tissue specialization in contrast to those metabolites exhibiting housekeeping characteristics? Here, we explore tissue-level metabolic specialization in Nicotiana attenuata, an ecological model with rich secondary metabolism, by combining tissue-wide nontargeted mass spectral data acquisition, information theory analysis, and tandem MS (MS/MS) molecular networks. This analysis was conducted for two different methanolic extracts of 14 tissues and deconvoluted 895 nonredundant MS/MS spectra. Using information theory analysis, anthers were found to harbor the most specialized metabolome, and most unique metabolites of anthers and other tissues were annotated through MS/MS molecular networks. Tissue-metabolite association maps were used to predict tissue-specific gene functions. Predictions for the function of two UDP-glycosyltransferases in flavonoid metabolism were confirmed by virus-induced gene silencing. The present workflow allows biologists to amortize the vast amount of data produced by modern MS instrumentation in their quest to understand gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Li
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Heiling
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ian T Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Gaquerel
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany;
- Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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47
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Liu Z, Tavares R, Forsythe ES, André F, Lugan R, Jonasson G, Boutet-Mercey S, Tohge T, Beilstein MA, Werck-Reichhart D, Renault H. Evolutionary interplay between sister cytochrome P450 genes shapes plasticity in plant metabolism. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13026. [PMID: 27713409 PMCID: PMC5059761 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Expansion of the cytochrome P450 gene family is often proposed to have a critical role in the evolution of metabolic complexity, in particular in microorganisms, insects and plants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of this complexity are poorly understood. Here we describe the evolutionary history of a plant P450 retrogene, which emerged and underwent fixation in the common ancestor of Brassicales, before undergoing tandem duplication in the ancestor of Brassicaceae. Duplication leads first to gain of dual functions in one of the copies. Both sister genes are retained through subsequent speciation but eventually return to a single copy in two of three diverging lineages. In the lineage in which both copies are maintained, the ancestral functions are split between paralogs and a novel function arises in the copy under relaxed selection. Our work illustrates how retrotransposition and gene duplication can favour the emergence of novel metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg 67084 France
| | - Raquel Tavares
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 16 rue Raphael Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Evan S Forsythe
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - François André
- iBiTec-S/SB2SM, UMR 9198 CNRS, University Paris Sud, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Raphaël Lugan
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg 67084 France
| | - Gabriella Jonasson
- iBiTec-S/SB2SM, UMR 9198 CNRS, University Paris Sud, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stéphanie Boutet-Mercey
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 INRA-AgroParisTech, Saclay Plant Sciences RD10, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Molecular Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mark A Beilstein
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Danièle Werck-Reichhart
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg 67084 France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, 67000 Strasbourg, France.,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hugues Renault
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg 67084 France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, 67000 Strasbourg, France.,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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48
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Wei G, Tian P, Zhang F, Qin H, Miao H, Chen Q, Hu Z, Cao L, Wang M, Gu X, Huang S, Chen M, Wang G. Integrative Analyses of Nontargeted Volatile Profiling and Transcriptome Data Provide Molecular Insight into VOC Diversity in Cucumber Plants (Cucumis sativus). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:603-18. [PMID: 27457123 PMCID: PMC5074635 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant volatile organic compounds, which are generated in a tissue-specific manner, play important ecological roles in the interactions between plants and their environments, including the well-known functions of attracting pollinators and protecting plants from herbivores/fungi attacks. However, to date, there have not been reports of holistic volatile profiling of the various tissues of a single plant species, even for the model plant species. In this study, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed 85 volatile chemicals, including 36 volatile terpenes, in 23 different tissues of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants using solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Most volatile chemicals were found to occur in a highly tissue-specific manner. The consensus transcriptomes for each of the 23 cucumber tissues were generated with RNA sequencing data and used in volatile organic compound-gene correlation analysis to screen for candidate genes likely to be involved in cucumber volatile biosynthetic pathways. In vitro biochemical characterization of the candidate enzymes demonstrated that TERPENE SYNTHASE11 (TPS11)/TPS14, TPS01, and TPS15 were responsible for volatile terpenoid production in the roots, flowers, and fruit tissues of cucumber plants, respectively. A functional heteromeric geranyl(geranyl) pyrophosphate synthase, composed of an inactive small subunit (type I) and an active large subunit, was demonstrated to play a key role in monoterpene production in cucumber. In addition to establishing a standard workflow for the elucidation of plant volatile biosynthetic pathways, the knowledge generated from this study lays a solid foundation for future investigations of both the physiological functions of cucumber volatiles and aspects of cucumber flavor improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Peng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Hao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Han Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Qingwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Zhongyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Li Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Meijiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Xingfang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Sanwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China (G.We., P.T., F.Z., H.Q., Q.C., Z.H., L.C., M.W., M.C., G.Wa.);University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China (G.We., P.T., Q.C., Z.H.); andKey Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Technology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (H.M., X.G., S.H.)
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Wang M, Carver JJ, Phelan VV, Sanchez LM, Garg N, Peng Y, Nguyen DD, Watrous J, Kapono CA, Luzzatto-Knaan T, Porto C, Bouslimani A, Melnik AV, Meehan MJ, Liu WT, Crüsemann M, Boudreau PD, Esquenazi E, Sandoval-Calderón M, Kersten RD, Pace LA, Quinn RA, Duncan KR, Hsu CC, Floros DJ, Gavilan RG, Kleigrewe K, Northen T, Dutton RJ, Parrot D, Carlson EE, Aigle B, Michelsen CF, Jelsbak L, Sohlenkamp C, Pevzner P, Edlund A, McLean J, Piel J, Murphy BT, Gerwick L, Liaw CC, Yang YL, Humpf HU, Maansson M, Keyzers RA, Sims AC, Johnson AR, Sidebottom AM, Sedio BE, Klitgaard A, Larson CB, P CAB, Torres-Mendoza D, Gonzalez DJ, Silva DB, Marques LM, Demarque DP, Pociute E, O'Neill EC, Briand E, Helfrich EJN, Granatosky EA, Glukhov E, Ryffel F, Houson H, Mohimani H, Kharbush JJ, Zeng Y, Vorholt JA, Kurita KL, Charusanti P, McPhail KL, Nielsen KF, Vuong L, Elfeki M, Traxler MF, Engene N, Koyama N, Vining OB, Baric R, Silva RR, Mascuch SJ, Tomasi S, Jenkins S, Macherla V, Hoffman T, Agarwal V, Williams PG, Dai J, Neupane R, Gurr J, Rodríguez AMC, Lamsa A, Zhang C, Dorrestein K, Duggan BM, Almaliti J, Allard PM, Phapale P, Nothias LF, Alexandrov T, Litaudon M, Wolfender JL, Kyle JE, Metz TO, Peryea T, Nguyen DT, VanLeer D, Shinn P, Jadhav A, Müller R, Waters KM, Shi W, Liu X, Zhang L, Knight R, Jensen PR, Palsson BO, Pogliano K, Linington RG, Gutiérrez M, Lopes NP, Gerwick WH, Moore BS, Dorrestein PC, Bandeira N. Sharing and community curation of mass spectrometry data with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking. Nat Biotechnol 2016. [PMID: 27504778 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3597.sharing] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The potential of the diverse chemistries present in natural products (NP) for biotechnology and medicine remains untapped because NP databases are not searchable with raw data and the NP community has no way to share data other than in published papers. Although mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are well-suited to high-throughput characterization of NP, there is a pressing need for an infrastructure to enable sharing and curation of data. We present Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS; http://gnps.ucsd.edu), an open-access knowledge base for community-wide organization and sharing of raw, processed or identified tandem mass (MS/MS) spectrometry data. In GNPS, crowdsourced curation of freely available community-wide reference MS libraries will underpin improved annotations. Data-driven social-networking should facilitate identification of spectra and foster collaborations. We also introduce the concept of 'living data' through continuous reanalysis of deposited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxun Wang
- Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jeremy J Carver
- Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Vanessa V Phelan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Laura M Sanchez
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Neha Garg
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yao Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Don Duy Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jeramie Watrous
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Clifford A Kapono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Tal Luzzatto-Knaan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Carla Porto
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Amina Bouslimani
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Alexey V Melnik
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Michael J Meehan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Wei-Ting Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Max Crüsemann
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Paul D Boudreau
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | | | | | | | - Laura A Pace
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Robert A Quinn
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, United States
| | - Katherine R Duncan
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, United Kingdom.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Dimitrios J Floros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ronnie G Gavilan
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Trent Northen
- Genome Dynamics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
| | - Rachel J Dutton
- FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard, Cambridge, United States
| | - Delphine Parrot
- Produits naturels - Synthèses - Chimie Médicinale, University of Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Erin E Carlson
- Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Bertrand Aigle
- Dynamique des Génomes et Adaptation Microbienne, University of Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Lars Jelsbak
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Sohlenkamp
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Pavel Pevzner
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Anna Edlund
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, United States.,School of Dentistry, UC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Jeffrey McLean
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,School of Dentistry, UC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Jörn Piel
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brian T Murphy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Lena Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maria Maansson
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- School of Chemical & Physical Sciences, and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Amy C Sims
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Andrew R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | | | - Brian E Sedio
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancón, Panama.,Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Andreas Klitgaard
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Charles B Larson
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Cristopher A Boya P
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | | | - David J Gonzalez
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Denise B Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade Fderal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Lucas M Marques
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Demarque
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Egle Pociute
- Sirenas Marine Discovery, San Diego, United States
| | - Ellis C O'Neill
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Enora Briand
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, University of Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | - Eve A Granatosky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, United States
| | - Evgenia Glukhov
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Florian Ryffel
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Hosein Mohimani
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jenan J Kharbush
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | | | - Kenji L Kurita
- PBSci-Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
| | - Pep Charusanti
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kerry L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States
| | | | - Lisa Vuong
- Sirenas Marine Discovery, San Diego, United States
| | - Maryam Elfeki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Matthew F Traxler
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Niclas Engene
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, United States
| | - Nobuhiro Koyama
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Oliver B Vining
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States
| | - Ralph Baric
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Ricardo R Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha J Mascuch
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- Produits naturels - Synthèses - Chimie Médicinale, University of Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Stefan Jenkins
- Genome Dynamics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
| | | | - Thomas Hoffman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vinayak Agarwal
- Center for Oceans and Human Health, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Philip G Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Jingqui Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Ram Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Joshua Gurr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Andrés M C Rodríguez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne Lamsa
- Division of Biological Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kathleen Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Brendan M Duggan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jehad Almaliti
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Prasad Phapale
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Louis-Felix Nothias
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN, UPR 2301, Labex CEBA, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Litaudon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN, UPR 2301, Labex CEBA, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, United States
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, United States
| | - Tyler Peryea
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Dac-Trung Nguyen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Danielle VanLeer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Paul Shinn
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, United States
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- School of Dentistry, UC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Xueting Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Paul R Jensen
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | | | - Kit Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Roger G Linington
- PBSci-Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
| | - Marcelino Gutiérrez
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Norberto P Lopes
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - William H Gerwick
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Center for Oceans and Human Health, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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Wang M, Carver JJ, Phelan VV, Sanchez LM, Garg N, Peng Y, Nguyen DD, Watrous J, Kapono CA, Luzzatto-Knaan T, Porto C, Bouslimani A, Melnik AV, Meehan MJ, Liu WT, Crüsemann M, Boudreau PD, Esquenazi E, Sandoval-Calderón M, Kersten RD, Pace LA, Quinn RA, Duncan KR, Hsu CC, Floros DJ, Gavilan RG, Kleigrewe K, Northen T, Dutton RJ, Parrot D, Carlson EE, Aigle B, Michelsen CF, Jelsbak L, Sohlenkamp C, Pevzner P, Edlund A, McLean J, Piel J, Murphy BT, Gerwick L, Liaw CC, Yang YL, Humpf HU, Maansson M, Keyzers RA, Sims AC, Johnson AR, Sidebottom AM, Sedio BE, Klitgaard A, Larson CB, P. CAB, Torres-Mendoza D, Gonzalez DJ, Silva DB, Marques LM, Demarque DP, Pociute E, O'Neill EC, Briand E, Helfrich EJN, Granatosky EA, Glukhov E, Ryffel F, Houson H, Mohimani H, Kharbush JJ, Zeng Y, Vorholt JA, Kurita KL, Charusanti P, McPhail KL, Nielsen KF, Vuong L, Elfeki M, Traxler MF, Engene N, Koyama N, Vining OB, Baric R, Silva RR, Mascuch SJ, Tomasi S, Jenkins S, Macherla V, Hoffman T, Agarwal V, Williams PG, Dai J, Neupane R, Gurr J, Rodríguez AMC, Lamsa A, Zhang C, Dorrestein K, Duggan BM, Almaliti J, Allard PM, Phapale P, Nothias LF, Alexandrov T, Litaudon M, Wolfender JL, Kyle JE, Metz TO, Peryea T, Nguyen DT, VanLeer D, Shinn P, Jadhav A, Müller R, Waters KM, Shi W, Liu X, Zhang L, Knight R, Jensen PR, Palsson BO, Pogliano K, Linington RG, Gutiérrez M, Lopes NP, Gerwick WH, Moore BS, Dorrestein PC, Bandeira N. Sharing and community curation of mass spectrometry data with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking. Nat Biotechnol 2016; 34:828-837. [PMID: 27504778 PMCID: PMC5321674 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2382] [Impact Index Per Article: 297.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The potential of the diverse chemistries present in natural products (NP) for biotechnology and medicine remains untapped because NP databases are not searchable with raw data and the NP community has no way to share data other than in published papers. Although mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are well-suited to high-throughput characterization of NP, there is a pressing need for an infrastructure to enable sharing and curation of data. We present Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS; http://gnps.ucsd.edu), an open-access knowledge base for community-wide organization and sharing of raw, processed or identified tandem mass (MS/MS) spectrometry data. In GNPS, crowdsourced curation of freely available community-wide reference MS libraries will underpin improved annotations. Data-driven social-networking should facilitate identification of spectra and foster collaborations. We also introduce the concept of 'living data' through continuous reanalysis of deposited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxun Wang
- Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jeremy J Carver
- Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Vanessa V Phelan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Laura M Sanchez
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Neha Garg
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yao Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Don Duy Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jeramie Watrous
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Clifford A Kapono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Tal Luzzatto-Knaan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Carla Porto
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Amina Bouslimani
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Alexey V Melnik
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Michael J Meehan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Wei-Ting Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Max Crüsemann
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Paul D Boudreau
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | | | | | | | - Laura A Pace
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Robert A Quinn
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, United States
| | - Katherine R Duncan
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Dimitrios J Floros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ronnie G Gavilan
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Trent Northen
- Genome Dynamics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
| | - Rachel J Dutton
- FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard, Cambridge, United States
| | - Delphine Parrot
- Produits naturels – Synthèses – Chimie Médicinale, University of Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Erin E Carlson
- Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Bertrand Aigle
- Dynamique des Génomes et Adaptation Microbienne, University of Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Lars Jelsbak
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Sohlenkamp
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Pavel Pevzner
- Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Anna Edlund
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, United States
- School of Dentistry, UC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Jeffrey McLean
- School of Dentistry, UC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jörn Piel
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brian T Murphy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Lena Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maria Maansson
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- School of Chemical & Physical Sciences, and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Amy C Sims
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Andrew R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | | | - Brian E Sedio
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancón, Panama
| | - Andreas Klitgaard
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Charles B Larson
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Cristopher A Boya P.
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | | | - David J Gonzalez
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Denise B Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade Fderal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Lucas M Marques
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Demarque
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Egle Pociute
- Sirenas Marine Discovery, San Diego, United States
| | - Ellis C O'Neill
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Enora Briand
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, University of Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | - Eve A Granatosky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, United States
| | - Evgenia Glukhov
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Florian Ryffel
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Hosein Mohimani
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jenan J Kharbush
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | | | - Kenji L Kurita
- PBSci-Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
| | - Pep Charusanti
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kerry L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States
| | | | - Lisa Vuong
- Sirenas Marine Discovery, San Diego, United States
| | - Maryam Elfeki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Matthew F Traxler
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Niclas Engene
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, United States
| | - Nobuhiro Koyama
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Oliver B Vining
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States
| | - Ralph Baric
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Ricardo R Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha J Mascuch
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- Produits naturels – Synthèses – Chimie Médicinale, University of Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Stefan Jenkins
- Genome Dynamics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
| | | | - Thomas Hoffman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vinayak Agarwal
- Center for Oceans and Human Health, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Philip G Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Jingqui Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Ram Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Joshua Gurr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Andrés M. C. Rodríguez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne Lamsa
- Division of Biological Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kathleen Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Brendan M Duggan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jehad Almaliti
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Prasad Phapale
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Louis-Felix Nothias
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN, UPR 2301, Labex CEBA, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Litaudon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN, UPR 2301, Labex CEBA, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, United States
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, United States
| | - Tyler Peryea
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Dac-Trung Nguyen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Danielle VanLeer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Paul Shinn
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, United States
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, United States
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- School of Dentistry, UC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Xueting Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Paul R Jensen
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | | | - Kit Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Roger G Linington
- PBSci-Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
| | - Marcelino Gutiérrez
- Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity, INDICASAT, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Norberto P Lopes
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - William H Gerwick
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Oceans and Human Health, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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