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O'Brien JW, Tscharke BJ, Bade R, Chan G, Gerber C, Mueller JF, Thomas KV, Hall WD. A wastewater-based assessment of the impact of a minimum unit price (MUP) on population alcohol consumption in the Northern Territory, Australia. Addiction 2022; 117:243-249. [PMID: 34184809 DOI: 10.1111/add.15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test if there was a reduction in alcohol consumption in wastewater samples in the Northern Territory of Australia after the implementation of a minimum unit alcohol price policy (MUP) in October 2018. DESIGN, SETTING, CASES Between August 2016 and February 2020, wastewater samples were collected across 66 sites in the Northern Territory and all other states and territories in Australia. Samples were collected every 2 months in capital cities and every 4 months in regional places during this period. Overall, 4917 samples were taken (2816 before MUP and 2101 after). MEASUREMENTS The number of standard drinks per 1000 people per day in the respective catchment areas was estimated based on the concentration of an alcohol-specific metabolite, ethyl sulphate in the samples (using the excretion factor of ethyl sulphate, the flow of wastewater entering the wastewater treatment plants and the population of each wastewater catchment). FINDINGS Results from a linear mixed model showed that there was a large drop in alcohol consumption immediately after the MUP in Northern Territory [estimated drop = 1231, 99% confidence interval (CI) = 830, 1633; 38.75%]. There was no significant drop in all other states/territories except for Queensland, which showed a significant but much smaller drop (estimated drop: 310; 99% CI = 114, 550). One year after the MUP, the drop narrowed to 520 (99% CI = 189, 851) and was no longer statistically significant in February 2020 (15 months after MUP; estimated drop = 283, 99% CI = -114, 681). CONCLUSIONS Per-capita consumption of alcohol appears to have decreased substantially in the Northern Territory of Australia immediately after the implementation of a minimum unit price but consumption steadily recovered and almost returned to the pre-MUP consumption level after 15 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake W O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Tscharke
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard Bade
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gary Chan
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research (NCYSUR), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Cobus Gerber
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jochen F Mueller
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wayne D Hall
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research (NCYSUR), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Ogeil RP, Scott D, Faulkner A, Wilson J, Beard N, Smith K, Manning V, Lubman DI. Changes in alcohol intoxication-related ambulance attendances during COVID-19: How have government announcements and policies affected ambulance call outs? LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC 2021; 14:100222. [PMID: 34545354 PMCID: PMC8443417 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background In response to COVID-19, government-mandated health directives including widespread lockdowns were implemented. Changes in alcohol purchasing were reported, with growing concern that alcohol may be consumed as a way to cope with pandemic-associated stressors. Hitherto, there have been limited studies examining alcohol-related harms, including acute harms requiring an ambulance, and their relationship to government announcements or policies related to COVID-19. Methods Analyses were conducted between January and September 2020, with matched months in 2019, using Victorian data from the National Ambulance Surveillance System in Australia. Interrupted time series (ITS) models with odds ratios (OR) were used to map alcohol-related harms as a function of government policies for both metropolitan and regional areas. Findings A total of 43,003 alcohol intoxication-related ambulance attendances occurred between January 2019 and September 2020. Attendances in the home increased in 2020 by 9% compared to matched 2019 months. The most socioeconomically advantaged cases showed the highest percentage change. ITS models showed decreased odds of alcohol-related attendances at the beginning of each COVID-19 wave in metropolitan (OR:0•77; 95%CI: 0•71-0•83; p<0•001) and regional Victoria (OR: 0•72; 95%CI: 0•67-0•79, p<0•001) separately, and increased odds following the introduction of harsher restrictions in metropolitan Melbourne (OR:1•07; 95%CI:1•01-1•11, p=0•005). A 19% increase in odds of alcohol-related harms was observed at the end of the second wave lockdown period in regional Victoria (OR:1•19; 95%CI: 1•01-1•41, p=0•004). Interpretation Alcohol-related attendances during COVID-19 restrictions showed a displacement to home settings. Changes in patterns of harms were evident in specific sociodemographic groups, and geographic regions when mapped to government health directives. This study is one of the first to investigate alcohol-related harms at the population level in response to a global pandemic. Funding Commonwealth Department of Health and Victorian Department of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan P Ogeil
- Eastern Health Clinical School and Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Box Hill, Australia.,Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, Australia
| | - Debbie Scott
- Eastern Health Clinical School and Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Box Hill, Australia.,Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, Australia
| | | | - James Wilson
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, Australia
| | - Naomi Beard
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, Australia
| | - Karen Smith
- Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Victoria Manning
- Eastern Health Clinical School and Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Box Hill, Australia.,Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Eastern Health Clinical School and Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Box Hill, Australia.,Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, Australia
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Sims S, Preen D, Pereira G, Fatovich D, Livingston M, O'Donnell M. Alcohol-related harm in emergency departments: linking to subsequent hospitalizations to quantify under-reporting of presentations. Addiction 2021; 116:1371-1380. [PMID: 33027556 DOI: 10.1111/add.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
TITLE Alcohol-related harm in emergency departments: linking to subsequent hospitalizations to quantify under-reporting of presentations. AIMS To quantify the proportion of emergency department (ED) presentations that could be identified as alcohol-related when linking to a patient's subsequent hospitalization, compared with using ED data alone, and to assess that comparison according to the change in alcohol harm rates over time and potential variations within subpopulations. DESIGN A retrospective study using linked hospital administrative data to identify ED patients who had subsequent alcohol-related hospitalizations. SETTING Western Australia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 533 816 Western Australian young people (246 866 females and 286 950 males), aged 12-24 years. MEASUREMENTS Whether or not presentations of young people to ED could be identified as alcohol-related, and for those that were not, how many had a subsequent alcohol-related hospitalization. Rates and proportions of alcohol-related harm for both methods of ascertainment were estimated by sex and Aboriginality across different age groups. FINDINGS Alcohol-related hospitalizations that followed an initial presentation at ED allowed the identification of an additional 19 994 alcohol-related presentations (95% increase). Linking to additional hospitalization information also resulted in significant variation in alcohol-related harm trends. In particular, trends in alcohol-related ED presentations for 21-24-year-old males were stable to slightly increasing using only ED data, but decreased after linking with hospitalization data (P < 0.05). Similarly, trends among Aboriginal persons aged 21-24 shifted from increasing using only ED data to being stable in comparison to presentations using subsequent hospitalizations (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Among young people in Western Australia, twice as many emergency department presentations could be identified as being alcohol-related using diagnosis information from subsequent hospitalizations compared with emergency department data alone. When supplemented with hospitalization data, trends in alcohol-related harm presentations become significantly different within some subpopulations compared with using emergency department presentation data alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Sims
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - David Preen
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Gavin Pereira
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo
| | - Daniel Fatovich
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.,Emergency Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Melissa O'Donnell
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.,Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Australian Centre for Child Protection, University of South Australia, Australia
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4
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Kinjo A, Purevdorj B, Okada T, Kuwabara Y, Fujii M, Higuchi S, Osaki Y. Trends and differences in alcohol-related mortality rates by gender and by prefectures in Japan between 1995 and 2016. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108586. [PMID: 33657468 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify increases in 100 % alcohol-related death (ARD) and any differences among prefectures between 1995-2016. METHODS Data from the national death registry on 100 % ARDs between 1995-2016 were extracted. Age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of 100 % ARD by year, gender, and gender ratio were calculated. After dividing the period into 1995-2005 and 2006-2016, the ASMRs of 100 % ARDs were calculated by prefecture. Additionally, based on geographical area, municipality size, or annual alcohol sales per adult in each prefecture, prefectures were divided into groups and analysed. RESULTS In total, 95,455 deaths were caused by 100 % ARD from 1995-2016. Men's ASMRs of 100 % ARD markedly increased from 4.0 per 100,000 in 1995 to 5.2 between 2010 and 2013, and gradually declined to 5.0 in 2016. Women's ASMRs increased steadily from 0.3 in 1995 to 0.8 in 2016. The gender ratio of ASMRs decreased from 13.3 in 1995 to 6.3 in 2016. The ASMR of one prefecture, which had reduced alcohol tax rates, was higher for both genders. Both men's and women's ASMRs were higher in the prefectures that had higher alcohol sales (6.3 [5.0-7.7] and 0.8 [0.6-1.1], respectively) compared to the prefectures that had lower alcohol sales (4.3 [4.0-4.7] p < 0.001 and 0.6 [0.5-0.6] p = 0.045, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The ASMR of 100 % ARD remained high for men and increased for women, and prefecture-level higher alcohol sales and lower tax rates correlated with the higher mortality rate. Increasing prices and taxes and reducing alcohol sales may contribute to a decrease in alcohol-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Kinjo
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 86, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan.
| | - Bolormaa Purevdorj
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 86, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Tomomi Okada
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 86, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuwabara
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 86, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Maya Fujii
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 86, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa, 239-0841, Japan
| | - Yoneatsu Osaki
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 86, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
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5
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Gupta P, Fenwick EK, Sabanayagam C, Gan ATL, Tham YC, Thakur S, Man REK, Mitchell P, Wong TY, Cheng CY, Lamoureux EL. Association of alcohol intake with incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 105:538-542. [PMID: 32447326 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the longitudinal association of baseline alcohol intake and frequency with the 6-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a population-based cohort of Singaporean Indians. METHODS We included 656 participants with diabetes mellitus, gradable retinal photographs from baseline (2007-2009) and follow-up (2013-2015) examinations, information on alcohol intake and other relevant data from the Singapore Indian Eye Study were included. Incident DR was defined using the Modified Airlie House Classification as no DR at baseline and at least minimal non-proliferative DR at follow-up; and DR progression as at least a one-step worsening in DR at follow-up from minimal or worse status at baseline, excluding those with proliferative DR. RESULTS The mean age (SD) of our participants (n=656) was 58.8 (9.2) years, and 54.4% were male. At follow-up, 82 of 510 (16%) participants developed DR, and 45 of 146 (30.8%) had DR progression. 65 (12.7%) and 28 (19.1%) participants consumed alcohol in incident DR and progression categories, respectively. In multivariable analyses, those who consumed alcohol had nearly two-thirds reduced odds of incident DR (OR (95% CI): 0.36 (0.13 to 0.98)) compared with those who did not. Participants with infrequent consumption of alcohol also had a reduction in odds of incident DR (0.17 (0.04 to 0.69)), compared with non-drinkers. No association was found between alcohol consumption and DR progression. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In our longitudinal population of Singapore Indians, baseline alcohol intake, particularly infrequent consumption, was associated with lower risk of developing DR, compared with non-drinkers, in line with previous cross-sectional findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Ocular Epidemiology Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | | | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Sahil Thakur
- Ophthalmology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | | | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Academic Medicine Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Ecosse Luc Lamoureux
- Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia .,The Academia, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
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6
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Ogeil RP, Witt K, Scott D, Smith K, Lubman DI. Self-reported sleep disturbance in ambulance attendances for suicidal ideation and attempted suicide between 2012 and 2017. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:364-371. [PMID: 32090761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances are among the top-ten warning signs for suicide, however there has been limited investigation of the relationship between these variables in acute presentations, particularly community settings. We examined ambulance attendances for suicide ideation and attempt to explore the role of sleep and co-morbid factors (mental health symptoms, attendance time, and alcohol and benzodiazepine use). METHODS Coded clinical records from Ambulance Victoria for the period 1 January 2012 to 30 June 2017 were analysed. RESULTS Paramedics attended 97,198 cases of suicidal ideation or suicide attempt during the study period. Just over half (56.4%) of these were for suicidal ideation, and 43.6% were for attempted suicide. Depression symptomology-related attendances were more common than those for anxiety and despite a lower proportion of both sleep and current anxiety-related symptoms, benzodiazepine use was significantly more common in attendances for suicide attempts (25.9%) than for ideation (2.2%). Co-morbid benzodiazepine use was associated with attempted suicide (OR: 10.37 (10.04-10.72), in a hierarchical regression model. LIMITATIONS Data represent self-report/paramedic observation only, and do include validated measures of sleep or drug use. Sleep disturbance is likely under recorded in ambulance attendances given the primary role of paramedics is to stabilise patients, and minimise risk of harm during transport. CONCLUSION This study reports internationally unique data, and provides the first examination of ambulance coded clinical records for suicide ideation and attempt. Sleep disturbances had a unique role in these attendances, over and above common co-occurring factors including drug use and mental health diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan P Ogeil
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church St., Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia.
| | - Katrina Witt
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church St., Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Deborah Scott
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church St., Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Karen Smith
- Ambulance Victoria, Doncaster, VIC 3108, Australia; Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church St., Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
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7
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The National Ambulance Surveillance System: A novel method for monitoring acute alcohol, illicit and pharmaceutical drug related-harms using coded Australian ambulance clinical records. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228316. [PMID: 32004349 PMCID: PMC6994147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although harmful consumption of alcohol and other drugs (both illicit and pharmaceutical) significantly contribute to global burden of disease, not all harms are captured within existing morbidity data sources. Indeed, harms occurring in the community may be missed or under-reported. This paper describes the National Ambulance Surveillance System, a unique Australian system for monitoring and mapping acute harms related to alcohol and other drug consumption. Data are sourced from paramedic electronic patient care records provided by ambulance services from across Australia. Coding occurs in a purpose-built system, by a team of specialised research assistants. Alcohol, and specific illicit and pharmaceutical drugs, rather than broad drug classes, are manually coded and the dataset is reviewed and cleaned prior to analysis. The National Ambulance Surveillance System is an ongoing, dynamic surveillance system of alcohol and other drug-related harms across Australia. The data includes more than 140 output variables per attendance, including individual substances, demographics, temporal, geospatial, and clinical data (e.g., Glasgow Coma Scale score, naloxone provision and response, outcome of attendance). The National Ambulance Surveillance System is an internationally unique population-level surveillance system of acute harms arising from alcohol and other drug consumption. Dissemination of National Ambulance Surveillance System data has been used to inform and evaluate policy approaches and potential points of intervention, as well as guide workforce development needs and clinical practice at the local and national level. This methodology could be replicated in other countries.
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8
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Crosland P, Ananthapavan J, Davison J, Lambert M, Carter R. The health burden of preventable disease in Australia: a systematic review. Aust N Z J Public Health 2019; 43:163-170. [PMID: 30830711 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A systematic review was conducted to determine the health burden of preventable disease in Australia. METHODS The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement guidelines were followed to identify, screen and describe the protocols used in the systematic review. RESULTS Eleven studies were included in the review. Data on the health burden associated with lifestyle-related risk factors were extracted by disease with outcomes reported in attributable number and proportion of deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Around one-third of DALYs was attributed to all modifiable risk factors. The range of estimates of DALYs attributable to each prioritised risk factor was: combined dietary risk factors, 7.2% to 9.7%; tobacco, 7.9% to 9.0%; alcohol, 5.1% to 12.2%; high body mass, 5.5% to 8.3%; and physical inactivity, 1.2% to 5.5%. CONCLUSIONS Although the methods used to estimate preventable health burden varied greatly between studies, all found that a substantial amount of death and disability was attributable to lifestyle-related risk factors. Implications for public health: There is a large health burden in Australia caused by modifiable risk factors and further action is warranted to address this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Crosland
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sax Institute, Ultimo, New South Wales
| | - Jaithri Ananthapavan
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sax Institute, Ultimo, New South Wales
| | - Jacqueline Davison
- Decision Analytics, Sax Institute, Sydney, New South Wales.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sax Institute, Ultimo, New South Wales
| | | | - Rob Carter
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sax Institute, Ultimo, New South Wales
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Abstract
University students engage in risky patterns of alcohol consumption, which may affect their health and performance at university. This study provides a novel analysis which tracked students' interaction with online course materials over time, and examined associations between online activity and alcohol related harm (as indicated by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Study 1 tracked 63 undergraduate psychology students in the second half of a semester and found risky drinking behaviors were marginally related to reductions in online study activity. Study 2 tracked 88 undergraduate psychology students in the first half of a semester. Risky drinking behaviors were associated with less online activity after midday. Students reporting more alcohol related harm were less likely to login between 7 pm and midnight, and between 1 am and 6 am. This study demonstrates a potential sensitivity of online activity levels to alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Phillips
- a Psychology Department , Auckland University of Technology, North Shore Campus, Northcote , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - C Erik Landhuis
- b School of Social Sciences and Public Policy, Auckland University of Technology, Wellesley Campus , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Rowan P Ogeil
- c Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University and Turning Point , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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10
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Caluzzi G. Changing but resistant: the importance of integrating heavier young drinkers within a declining drinking culture. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2018.1498457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Caluzzi
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Gao CX, Ogeil RP. Impact of alcohol and illicit drug use on the burden of disease and injury in Australia: Australian Burden of Disease Study 2011 AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF HEALTH AND WELFARE Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2018 ISBN: 978 1 76 054 316 7. Drug Alcohol Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/dar.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline X. Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Rowan P. Ogeil
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University and Turning Point, Eastern Health; Melbourne Australia
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12
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Vissoci JRN, Hertz J, El-Gabri D, Andrade Do Nascimento JR, Pestillo De Oliveira L, Mmbaga BT, Mvungi M, Staton CA. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the AUDIT and CAGE Questionnaires in Tanzanian Swahili for a Traumatic Brain Injury Population. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:112-120. [PMID: 29281046 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To develop Swahili versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and CAGE questionnaires and evaluate their psychometric properties in a traumatic brain injury (TBI) population in Tanzania. Methods Swahili versions of the AUDIT and CAGE were developed through translation and back-translation by a panel of native speakers of both English and Swahili. The translated instruments were administered to a sample of Tanzanian adults from a TBI registry. The validity and reliability were analyzed using standard statistical methods. Results The translated versions of both the AUDIT and CAGE questionnaires were found to have excellent language clarity and domain coherence. Reliability was acceptable (>0.85) for all tested versions. Confirmatory factor analysis of one, two and three factor solution for the AUDIT and one factor solution for the CAGE showed adequate results. AUDIT and CAGE scores were strongly correlated to each other (R > 0.80), and AUDIT scores were significantly lower in non-drinkers compared to drinkers. Conclusions This article presents the first Swahili and Tanzanian adaptations of the AUDIT and CAGE instruments as well as the first validation of these questionnaires with TBI patients. Both instruments were found to have acceptable psychometric properties, resulting in two new useful tools for medical and social research in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
- Duke Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA.,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Julian Hertz
- Duke Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Deena El-Gabri
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - José Roberto Andrade Do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, Petrolina/PE, 56304-917, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pestillo De Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Department of Health and Biological Sciences, UNICESUMAR, Av. Guedner 1610, Maringá/PR, 87050-900, Brazil
| | - Blandina Theophil Mmbaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Sokoini Road, Moshi, Tanzania.,Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Sokoini Road, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Mark Mvungi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Sokoini Road, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Catherine A Staton
- Duke Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA.,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
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13
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Phillips JG, Hughes B, Ogeil RP. Alcohol consumption, dependence and foraging. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1296038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James G. Phillips
- Psychology Department, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Barry Hughes
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rowan P. Ogeil
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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14
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Scott S, Shucksmith J, Baker R, Kaner E. 'Hidden Habitus': A Qualitative Study of Socio-Ecological Influences on Drinking Practices and Social Identity in Mid-Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E611. [PMID: 28594347 PMCID: PMC5486297 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study explored mid-adolescents' views and experiences of socio-ecological influences on their drinking practices in order to help inform the development of interventions to reduce alcohol-related risk. We conducted 31 in-depth interviews with young people aged 13-17 in North East England. Verbatim interview transcripts and field notes were coded systematically and analysed thematically, following the principles of constant comparison. We adopted Bourdieu's idea of social game-playing and elements of his conceptual toolkit (particularly habitus, capital and field) during analysis. Analysis yielded three intersecting themes: (1) 'drinking etiquette': conveying taste and disgust; (2) 'playing the drinking game': demonstrating cultural competency; (3) 'hidden habitus'-the role of alcohol marketing. Our work demonstrates that there is a nexus of influential factors which come together to help shape and reinforce mid-adolescents' behaviour, norms and values in relation to alcohol consumption. Drinking practices are not just formed by friendships and family traditions, these are also subject to wider cultural shaping including by the alcohol industry which can encourage brand identification, and gear specific products to add 'distinction'. However young people are not inactive players and they use aspects of capital and social games to help cement their identity and present themselves in particular ways which in turn are influenced by age, gender and social status. Guided by promising work in the tobacco field, interventions which focus on critical awareness of the framing of alcohol products by key stakeholders, such as policymakers, commercial industry and public health professionals, and by wider society may facilitate behaviour change among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Scott
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
| | - Janet Shucksmith
- Health and Social Care Institute, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK.
| | - Rachel Baker
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
| | - Eileen Kaner
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
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15
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Connor J, Kydd R, Maclennan B, Shield K, Rehm J. Alcohol-attributable cancer deaths under 80 years of age in New Zealand. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017; 36:415-423. [PMID: 27306121 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Cancer deaths made up 30% of all alcohol-attributable deaths in New Zealanders aged 15-79 years in 2007, more than all other chronic diseases combined. We aimed to estimate alcohol-attributable cancer mortality and years of life lost by cancer site and identify differences between Māori and non-Māori New Zealanders. DESIGN AND METHODS We applied the World Health Organization's comparative risk assessment methodology at the level of Māori and non-Māori subpopulations. Proportions of specific alcohol-related cancers attributable to alcohol were calculated by combining alcohol consumption estimates from representative surveys with relative risks from recent meta-analyses. These proportions were applied to both 2007 and 2012 mortality data. RESULTS Alcohol consumption was responsible for 4.2% of all cancer deaths under 80 years of age in 2007. An average of 10.4 years of life was lost per person; 12.7 years for Māori and 10.1 years for non-Māori. Half of the deaths were attributable to average consumption of <4 standard drinks per day. Breast cancer comprised 61% of alcohol-attributable cancer deaths in women, and more than one-third of breast cancer deaths were attributable to average consumption of <2 standard drinks per day. Mortality data from 2012 produced very similar findings. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Alcohol is an important and modifiable cause of cancer. Risk of cancer increases with higher alcohol consumption, but there is no safe level of drinking. Reduction in population alcohol consumption would reduce cancer deaths. Additional strategies to reduce ethnic disparities in risk and outcome are needed in New Zealand. [Connor J, Kydd R, Maclennan B, Shield K, Rehm J. Alcohol-attributable cancer deaths under 80 years of age in New Zealand. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;36:415-423].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Connor
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robyn Kydd
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Brett Maclennan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kevin Shield
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Social and Epidemiological Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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16
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Association of alcohol intake with risk of diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4. [PMID: 28127054 PMCID: PMC5428369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The associations of alcohol intake with DR risk have demonstrated contradictory results. Relevant studies were identified by searching electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science) until May 2016. We identified a total of 12,875 DR cases among 37,285 participants in 15 observational studies. The pooled estimation of all the included observational studies was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.06) in a random-effect model. Analyses stratified by study design showed no significant association between alcohol intake and DR incidence in cohort, case control or cross-sectional studies. In the subgroup analyses, neither beer nor spirits intake were associated with DR risk. Furthermore, it was interesting to find that protective effects were detected in the wine (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.92) and sherry (OR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.95) groups. In conclusion, this current meta-analysis demonstrated that alcohol intake was not associated with risk of DR. Subgroup analysis by alcoholic beverage types showed that wine consumption would reduce the incidence of DR. In the future, more large-scale prospective studies with detailed alcohol subtypes and contents are still warranted to clarify the association.
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17
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Lam T, Lenton S, Ogeil R, Burns L, Aiken A, Chikritzhs T, Gilmore W, Lloyd B, Wilson J, Lubman D, Mattick R, Allsop S. Most recent risky drinking session with Australian teenagers. Aust N Z J Public Health 2016; 41:105-110. [DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lam
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Western Australia
| | - Simon Lenton
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Western Australia
| | - Rowan Ogeil
- Eastern Health Clinical School; Monash University and Turning Point, Eastern Health; Victoria
| | - Lucinda Burns
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre; University of New South Wales
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre; University of New South Wales
| | - Tanya Chikritzhs
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Western Australia
| | - William Gilmore
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Western Australia
| | - Belinda Lloyd
- Eastern Health Clinical School; Monash University and Turning Point, Eastern Health; Victoria
| | - James Wilson
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Western Australia
| | - Dan Lubman
- Eastern Health Clinical School; Monash University and Turning Point, Eastern Health; Victoria
| | - Richard Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre; University of New South Wales
| | - Steve Allsop
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Western Australia
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18
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Chan GC, Leung JK, Quinn C, Connor JP, Hides L, Gullo MJ, Alati R, Weier M, Kelly AB, Hall WD. Trend in alcohol use in Australia over 13 years: has there been a trend reversal? BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1070. [PMID: 27724901 PMCID: PMC5057497 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skog's collectivity theory of alcohol consumption predicted that changes in alcohol consumption would synchronize across all types of drinkers in a population. The aim of this paper is examine this theory in the Australian context. We examined whether there was a collective change in alcohol use in Australia from 2001 to 2013, estimated alcohol consumption in non-high risk and high risk drinkers, and examined the trends in alcohol treatment episodes. METHODS Data from the 2001-2013 National Drug Strategy Household Surveys (N = 127,916) was used to estimate the prevalence and alcohol consumption of abstainers, high risk drinkers and frequent heavy episodic drinkers. Closed treatment episodes recorded in the Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment Services National Minimum Dataset (N = 608,367) from 2001 to 2013 were used to examine the trends of closed alcohol treatment episodes. RESULTS The prevalence of non-drinkers (abstainers) decreased to the lowest level in 2004 (15.3 %) and rebounded steadily thereafter (20.4 % in 2013; p < .001). Correspondingly, the per capita consumption of high risk drinkers (2 standard drinks or more on average per day) increased from 20.7 L in 2001 to peak in 2010 (21.5 L; p = .020). Non-high risk drinkers' consumption peaked in 2004 (2.9 L) and decreased to 2.8 L in 2013 (p < .05). There were decreases in alcohol treatment episodes across nearly all birth cohorts in recent years. CONCLUSION These findings are partially consistent with and support Skog's collectivity theory. There has been a turnaround in alcohol consumption after a decade-long uptrend, as evident in the collective decreases in alcohol consumption among nearly all types of drinkers. There was also a turnaround in rate of treatment seeking, which peaked at 2007 and then decreased steadily. The timing of this turnaround differs with level of drinking, with non-high risk drinkers reaching its peak consumption in 2004 and high risk drinkers reaching its peak consumption in 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary C.K. Chan
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Janni K. Leung
- Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Catherine Quinn
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jason P. Connor
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leanne Hides
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Gullo
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Rosa Alati
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Megan Weier
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adrian B. Kelly
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Wayne D. Hall
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
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19
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Hall WD, Chan G. Commentary on Ogeil et al. (2016): Explaining increased alcohol-related harm and stable per capita consumption in Australia. Addiction 2016; 111:635-6. [PMID: 26995174 DOI: 10.1111/add.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne D Hall
- The University of Queensland Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, National Addiction Centre. .,Kings College London, London, UK.
| | - Gary Chan
- The University of Queensland Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, National Addiction Centre
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