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Zhang W, Wu L, Qu R, Liu T, Wang J, Tong Y, Bei W, Guo J, Hu X. Hesperidin activates the GLP-1R/cAMP-CREB/IRS2/PDX1 pathway to promote transdifferentiation of islet α cells into β cells Across the spectrum. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35424. [PMID: 39220963 PMCID: PMC11365324 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims In all age, FoShou as a Chinese medicinal herb has been active in various kinds of Traditional Chinese medicine formula to treating diabetes. Hesperidin (HES), the main monomeric component of FoShou, has been extensively investigated for interventions with pathogenic mechanism of diabetes as well as subsequent treatment of associated complications. Islet β-cells have an essential effect on dynamically regulating blood sugar. Functional abnormalities in these cells and their death are strongly associated with the onset of diabetes. Therefore, induction of islet endocrine cell lineage re-editing for damaged βcell replenishment would be a promising therapeutic tool. Previously, it has been found that HES can protect islet β-cells in vivo, But, the regenerative function of HES in islet β cells and its role in promoting differential non-β cells transdifferentiation into β cells and cell fate rewriting associated mechanisms remain unclear.This work focused on investigating whether HES can induce islet α cells transdifferentiation into β cells for achieving damaged β cell regeneration and the causes and possible mechanisms involved in the process. Materials and methods In brief, 60 mg/kg/d streptozotocin (STZ) was administered intraperitoneally in each male C57bL/6J mouse raised by the high-sugar and high-fat diet (HFD) to create a diabetic mouse model with severe β-cell damage. After 28 consecutive days of HES treatment (160 mg/kg; 320 mg/kg; once daily, as appropriate). Tracing the dynamics of α as well as β cell transformation, together with β cells growth and apoptosis levels during treatment by cell lineage tracing. The self-enforcing transcriptional network on which the cell lineage is based is used as a clue to explore the underlying mechanisms. Guangdong Pharmaceutical University's Animal Experiment Ethics Committee (GDPulac2019180) approved all animal experiments. Results Localization by cell lineage we find that transdifferentiated newborn β-cells derived from α cells appeared in the islet endocrine cell mass of DM mice under HES'action. Compared to the model group, expressed by Tunel staining and CXCL10 levels the overall apoptosis rate of β-cells of the pancreas were reduced,the inflammatory infiltration feedback from HE staining were lower.Ki-67 positive cells showed enhanced β-cell proliferation. Decreased HbA1c and blood glucose contents, elevated C-Peptide and insulin contents which respond to ability of nascent beta cells. Also upregulated the mRNA levels of MafA, Ngn3, PDX-1, Pax4 and Arx. Moreover, increased the expression of TGR5/cAMP-CREB/GLP-1 in mouse intestinal tissues and GLP-1/GLP-1R and cAMP-CREB/IRS2/PDX-1 in pancreatic tissues. Conclusions HES directly affects β-cells, apart from being anti-apoptotic and reducing inflammatory infiltration. HES promotes GLP-1 release by intestinal L cells by activating the TGR5 receptor in DM mouse and regulating its response element CREB signaling. GLP-1 then uses the GLP-1/GLP-1R system to act on IRS2, IRS2 as a port to influence α precursor cells to express PDX-1, with the mobilization of Pax4 strong expression than Arx so that α cell lineage is finally reversed for achieving β cell endogenous proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lele Wu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ru Qu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weijian Bei
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuguang Hu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Golderman V, Gofrit SG, Ivashko-Pachima Y, Gozes I, Chapman J, Shavit-Stein E. The thrombin receptor (PAR1) is associated with microtubules, mitosis and process formation in glioma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33329. [PMID: 39027436 PMCID: PMC11254606 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell surface protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We studied the function and structure of intracellular microtubule (MT) and PAR1 in a tubulin-mediated process. We found that exposure to thrombin increased the percentage of proliferative, S, and M phases cells, affected morphology, and increased process elongation. PAR1 antagonist inversely affects these measures, increases tubulin end-binding protein 3 (EB3) mRNA expression in C6 cells, and reduces EB3 comet length, track length, and duration in neuroblastoma cells. In addition, immunofluorescence staining suggests that PAR1 is in close association with the MT α-tubulin and with coagulation cascade proteins during cell division stages. Our findings support PAR1 involvement in MT dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Golderman
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Shany Guly Gofrit
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
| | - Yanina Ivashko-Pachima
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Illana Gozes
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Israel
| | - Efrat Shavit-Stein
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- The TELEM Rubin Excellence in Biomedical Research Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
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Clark PJ, Brodnik ZD, España RA. Chemogenetic Signaling in Space and Time: Considerations for Designing Neuroscience Experiments Using DREADDs. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:328-346. [PMID: 36408535 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221134587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The use of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) has led to significant advances in our understanding of the neural circuits that govern behavior. By allowing selective control over cellular activity and signaling, DREADDs have become an integral tool for defining the pathways and cellular phenotypes that regulate sleep, pain, motor activity, goal-directed behaviors, and a variety of other processes. In this review, we provide a brief overview of DREADDs and discuss notable discoveries in the neurosciences with an emphasis on circuit mechanisms. We then highlight methodological approaches to achieve pathway specific activation of DREADDs. Finally, we discuss spatial and temporal constraints of DREADDs signaling and how these features can be incorporated into experimental designs to precisely dissect circuits of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Clark
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary D Brodnik
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rodrigo A España
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Fasciani I, Petragnano F, Wang Z, Edwards R, Telugu N, Pietrantoni I, Zabel U, Zauber H, Grieben M, Terzenidou ME, Di Gregorio J, Pellegrini C, Santini S, Taddei AR, Pohl B, Aringhieri S, Carli M, Aloisi G, Marampon F, Charlesworth E, Roman A, Diecke S, Flati V, Giorgi F, Amicarelli F, Tobin AB, Scarselli M, Tokatlidis K, Rossi M, Lohse MJ, Annibale P, Maggio R. The C-terminus of the prototypical M2 muscarinic receptor localizes to the mitochondria and regulates cell respiration under stress conditions. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002582. [PMID: 38683874 PMCID: PMC11093360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are prototypical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), members of a large family of 7 transmembrane receptors mediating a wide variety of extracellular signals. We show here, in cultured cells and in a murine model, that the carboxyl terminal fragment of the muscarinic M2 receptor, comprising the transmembrane regions 6 and 7 (M2tail), is expressed by virtue of an internal ribosome entry site localized in the third intracellular loop. Single-cell imaging and import in isolated yeast mitochondria reveals that M2tail, whose expression is up-regulated in cells undergoing integrated stress response, does not follow the normal route to the plasma membrane, but is almost exclusively sorted to the mitochondria inner membrane: here, it controls oxygen consumption, cell proliferation, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing oxidative phosphorylation. Crispr/Cas9 editing of the key methionine where cap-independent translation begins in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), reveals the physiological role of this process in influencing cell proliferation and oxygen consumption at the endogenous level. The expression of the C-terminal domain of a GPCR, capable of regulating mitochondrial function, constitutes a hitherto unknown mechanism notably unrelated to its canonical signaling function as a GPCR at the plasma membrane. This work thus highlights a potential novel mechanism that cells may use for controlling their metabolism under variable environmental conditions, notably as a negative regulator of cell respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fasciani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ziming Wang
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruairidh Edwards
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ilaria Pietrantoni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ulrike Zabel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Zauber
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Maria E. Terzenidou
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jacopo Di Gregorio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Cristina Pellegrini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Silvano Santini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna R. Taddei
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Great Equipment Center, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Bärbel Pohl
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefano Aringhieri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Carli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Aloisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Eve Charlesworth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Franco Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrew B. Tobin
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Martin J. Lohse
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- ISAR Bioscience Institute, Munich, Germany
| | - Paolo Annibale
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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5
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Klosen P. Thirty-seven years of MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor localization in the brain: Past and future challenges. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12955. [PMID: 38606787 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the target cells of a hormone is a key step in understanding its function. Once the molecular nature of the receptors for a hormone has been established, researchers can use several techniques to detect these receptors. Here I will review the different tools used over the years to localize melatonin receptors and the problems associated with each of these techniques. The radioligand 2-[125I] iodomelatonin was the first tool to allow localization of melatonin receptors on tissue sections. Once the MT1 and MT2 receptors were cloned, in situ hybridization could be used to detect the messenger RNA for these receptors. The deduced amino acid sequences for MT1 and MT2 receptors allowed the production of peptide immunogens to generate antibodies against the MT1 and MT2 receptors. Finally, transgenic reporters driven by the promoter elements of the MT1 and MT2 genes have been used to map the expression of MT1 and MT2 in the brain and the retina. Several issues have complicated the localization of melatonin receptors and the characterization of melatonin target cells over the last three decades. Melatonin receptors are expressed at low levels, leading to sensitivity issues for their detection. The second problem are specificity issues with antibodies directed against the MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors. These receptors are G protein-coupled receptors and many antibodies directed against such receptors have been shown to present similar problems concerning their specificity. Despite these specificity problems which start to be seriously addressed by recent studies, antibodies will be important tools in the future to identify and phenotype melatonin target cells. However, we will have to be more stringent than previously when establishing their specificity. The results obtained by these antibodies will have to be confronted and be coherent with results obtained by other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Klosen
- Regulation and Disruption of Neuroendocrine Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, INCI CNRS UPR-3212, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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6
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Klauer MJ, Willette BKA, Tsvetanova NG. Functional diversification of cell signaling by GPCR localization. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105668. [PMID: 38272232 PMCID: PMC10882132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface receptors and a critical class of regulators of mammalian physiology. Also known as seven transmembrane receptors (7TMs), GPCRs are ubiquitously expressed and versatile, detecting a diverse set of endogenous stimuli, including odorants, neurotransmitters, hormones, peptides, and lipids. Accordingly, GPCRs have emerged as the largest class of drug targets, accounting for upward of 30% of all prescription drugs. The view that ligand-induced GPCR responses originate exclusively from the cell surface has evolved to reflect accumulating evidence that receptors can elicit additional waves of signaling from intracellular compartments. These events in turn shape unique cellular and physiological outcomes. Here, we discuss our current understanding of the roles and regulation of compartmentalized GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Klauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Blair K A Willette
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nikoleta G Tsvetanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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7
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Jobe A, Vijayan R. Orphan G protein-coupled receptors: the ongoing search for a home. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1349097. [PMID: 38495099 PMCID: PMC10941346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1349097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) make up the largest receptor superfamily, accounting for 4% of protein-coding genes. Despite the prevalence of such transmembrane receptors, a significant number remain orphans, lacking identified endogenous ligands. Since their conception, the reverse pharmacology approach has been used to characterize such receptors. However, the multifaceted and nuanced nature of GPCR signaling poses a great challenge to their pharmacological elucidation. Considering their therapeutic relevance, the search for native orphan GPCR ligands continues. Despite limited structural input in terms of 3D crystallized structures, with advances in machine-learning approaches, there has been great progress with respect to accurate ligand prediction. Though such an approach proves valuable given that ligand scarcity is the greatest hurdle to orphan GPCR deorphanization, the future pairings of the remaining orphan GPCRs may not necessarily take a one-size-fits-all approach but should be more comprehensive in accounting for numerous nuanced possibilities to cover the full spectrum of GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie Jobe
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- The Big Data Analytics Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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8
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Demby A, Zaccolo M. Investigating G-protein coupled receptor signalling with light-emitting biosensors. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1310197. [PMID: 38260094 PMCID: PMC10801095 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1310197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most frequent target of currently approved drugs and play a central role in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Beyond the canonical understanding of GPCR signal transduction, the importance of receptor conformation, beta-arrestin (β-arr) biased signalling, and signalling from intracellular locations other than the plasma membrane is becoming more apparent, along with the tight spatiotemporal compartmentalisation of downstream signals. Fluorescent and bioluminescent biosensors have played a pivotal role in elucidating GPCR signalling events in live cells. To understand the mechanisms of action of the GPCR-targeted drugs currently available, and to develop new and better GPCR-targeted therapeutics, understanding these novel aspects of GPCR signalling is critical. In this review, we present some of the tools available to interrogate each of these features of GPCR signalling, we illustrate some of the key findings which have been made possible by these tools and we discuss their limitations and possible developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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9
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Mastos C, Xu X, Keen AC, Halls ML. Signalling of Adrenoceptors: Canonical Pathways and New Paradigms. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 285:147-184. [PMID: 38227198 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The concept of G protein-coupled receptors initially arose from studies of the β-adrenoceptor, adenylyl cyclase, and cAMP signalling pathway. Since then both canonical G protein-coupled receptor signalling pathways and emerging paradigms in receptor signalling have been defined by experiments focused on adrenoceptors. Here, we discuss the evidence for G protein coupling specificity of the nine adrenoceptor subtypes. We summarise the ability of each of the adrenoceptors to activate proximal signalling mediators including cAMP, calcium, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and protein kinase C pathways. Finally, we highlight the importance of precise spatial and temporal control of adrenoceptor signalling that is controlled by the localisation of receptors at intracellular membranes and in larger protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantel Mastos
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiaomeng Xu
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alastair C Keen
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Jiang Y, Li Y, Fu X, Wu Y, Wang R, Zhao M, Mao C, Shi S. Interplay between G protein-coupled receptors and nanotechnology. Acta Biomater 2023; 169:1-18. [PMID: 37517621 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), as the largest family of membrane receptors, actively modulate plasma membrane and endosomal signalling. Importantly, GPCRs are naturally nanosized, and spontaneously formed nanoaggregates of GPCRs (natural nano-GPCRs) may enhance GPCR-related signalling and functions. Although GPCRs are the molecular targets of the majority of marketed drugs, the poor pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties of GPCR ligands greatly limit their clinical applicability. Nanotechnology, as versatile techniques, can encapsulate GPCR ligands to assemble synthetic nano-GPCRs to overcome their obstacles, robustly elevating drug efficacy and safety. Moreover, endosomal delivery of GPCR ligands by nanoparticles can precisely initiate sustained endosomal signal transduction, while nanotechnology has been widely utilized for isolation, diagnosis, and detection of GPCRs. In turn, due to overexpression of GPCRs on the surface of various types of cells, GPCR ligands can endow nanoparticles with active targeting capacity for specific cells via ligand-receptor binding and mediate receptor-dependent endocytosis of nanoparticles. This significantly enhances the potency of nanoparticle delivery systems. Therefore, emerging evidence has revealed the interplay between GPCRs and nanoparticles, although investigations into their relationship have been inadequate. This review aims to summarize the interaction between GPCRs and nanotechnology for understanding their mutual influences and utilizing their interplay for biomedical applications. It will provide a fundamental platform for developing powerful and safe GPCR-targeted drugs and nanoparticle systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: GPCRs as molecular targets for the majority of marketed drugs are naturally nanosized, and even spontaneously form nano aggregations (nano-GPCRs). Nanotechnology has also been applied to construct synthetic nano-GPCRs or detect GPCRs, while endosomal delivery of GPCR ligands by nanoparticles can magnify endosomal signalling. Meanwhile, molecular engineering of nanoparticles with GPCRs or their ligands can modulate membrane binding and endocytosis, powerfully improving the efficacy of nanoparticle system. However, there are rare summaries on the interaction between GPCRs and nanoparticles. This review will not only provide a versatile platform for utilizing nanoparticles to modulate or detect GPCRs, but also facilitate better understanding of the designated value of GPCRs for molecular engineering of biomaterials with GPCRs in therapeutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
| | - Yuke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiujuan Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Rujing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Canquan Mao
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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11
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Semesta KM, Garces A, Tsvetanova NG. The psychosis risk factor RBM12 encodes a novel repressor of GPCR/cAMP signal transduction. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105133. [PMID: 37543364 PMCID: PMC10502367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RBM12 is a high-penetrance risk factor for familial schizophrenia and psychosis, yet its precise cellular functions and the pathways to which it belongs are not known. We utilize two complementary models, HEK293 cells and human iPSC-derived neurons, and delineate RBM12 as a novel repressor of the G protein-coupled receptor/cAMP/PKA (GPCR/cAMP/PKA) signaling axis. We establish that loss of RBM12 leads to hyperactive cAMP production and increased PKA activity as well as altered neuronal transcriptional responses to GPCR stimulation. Notably, the cAMP and transcriptional signaling steps are subject to discrete RBM12-dependent regulation. We further demonstrate that the two RBM12 truncating variants linked to familial psychosis impact this interplay, as the mutants fail to rescue GPCR/cAMP signaling hyperactivity in cells depleted of RBM12. Lastly, we present a mechanism underlying the impaired signaling phenotypes. In agreement with its activity as an RNA-binding protein, loss of RBM12 leads to altered gene expression, including that of multiple effectors of established significance within the receptor pathway. Specifically, the abundance of adenylyl cyclases, phosphodiesterase isoforms, and PKA regulatory and catalytic subunits is impacted by RBM12 depletion. We note that these expression changes are fully consistent with the entire gamut of hyperactive signaling outputs. In summary, the current study identifies a previously unappreciated role for RBM12 in the context of the GPCR-cAMP pathway that could be explored further as a tentative molecular mechanism underlying the functions of this factor in neuronal physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa M Semesta
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Angelica Garces
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nikoleta G Tsvetanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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Somalo-Barranco G, Pagano Zottola AC, Abdulrahman AO, El Zein RM, Cannich A, Muñoz L, Serra C, Oishi A, Marsicano G, Masri B, Bellocchio L, Llebaria A, Jockers R. Mitochondria-targeted melatonin photorelease supports the presence of melatonin MT1 receptors in mitochondria inhibiting respiration. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:920-932.e7. [PMID: 37572668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The presence of signaling-competent G protein-coupled receptors in intracellular compartments is increasingly recognized. Recently, the presence of Gi/o protein-coupled melatonin MT1 receptors in mitochondria has been revealed, in addition to the plasma membrane. Melatonin is highly cell permeant, activating plasma membrane and mitochondrial receptors equally. Here, we present MCS-1145, a melatonin derivative bearing a triphenylphosphonium cation for specific mitochondrial targeting and a photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl group releasing melatonin upon illumination. MCS-1145 displayed low affinity for MT1 and MT2 but spontaneously accumulated in mitochondria, where it was resistant to washout. Uncaged MCS-1145 and exogenous melatonin recruited β-arrestin 2 to MT1 in mitochondria and inhibited oxygen consumption in mitochondria isolated from HEK293 cells only when expressing MT1 and from mouse cerebellum of WT mice but not from MT1-knockout mice. Overall, we developed the first mitochondria-targeted photoactivatable melatonin ligand and demonstrate that melatonin inhibits mitochondrial respiration through mitochondrial MT1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Somalo-Barranco
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 PARIS, France; MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rami M El Zein
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 PARIS, France
| | - Astrid Cannich
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lourdes Muñoz
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; SIMChem, Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Serra
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; SIMChem, Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Atsuro Oishi
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 PARIS, France
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bernard Masri
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 PARIS, France
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 PARIS, France.
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13
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Jong YJI, Izumi Y, Harmon SK, Zorumski CF, ÓMalley KL. Striatal mGlu 5-mediated synaptic plasticity is independently regulated by location-specific receptor pools and divergent signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104949. [PMID: 37354970 PMCID: PMC10388212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) is widely expressed throughout the central nervous system and is involved in neuronal function, synaptic transmission, and a number of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and autism. Recent work from this lab showed that mGlu5 is one of a growing number of G protein-coupled receptors that can signal from intracellular membranes where it drives unique signaling pathways, including upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), ETS transcription factor Elk-1, and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc). To determine the roles of cell surface mGlu5 as well as the intracellular receptor in a well-known mGlu5 synaptic plasticity model such as long-term depression, we used pharmacological isolation and genetic and physiological approaches to analyze spatially restricted pools of mGlu5 in striatal cultures and slice preparations. Here we show that both intracellular and cell surface receptors activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway, whereas only intracellular mGlu5 activates protein phosphatase 2 and leads to fragile X mental retardation protein degradation and de novo protein synthesis followed by a protein synthesis-dependent increase in Arc and post-synaptic density protein 95. However, both cell surface and intracellular mGlu5 activation lead to α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor GluA2 internalization and chemically induced long-term depression albeit via different signaling mechanisms. These data underscore the importance of intracellular mGlu5 in the cascade of events associated with sustained synaptic transmission in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Jiin I Jong
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Steven K Harmon
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Charles F Zorumski
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Karen L ÓMalley
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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14
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Botha R, Kumar SS, Grimsey NL, Mountjoy KG. A unique melanocortin-4-receptor signaling profile for obesity-associated constitutively active variants. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 71:e230008. [PMID: 37040537 PMCID: PMC10304906 DOI: 10.1530/jme-23-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) plays a critical role in regulating energy homeostasis. Studies on obesogenic human MC4R (hMC4R) variants have not yet revealed how hMC4R maintains body weight. Here, we identified a signaling profile for obesogenic constitutively active H76R and L250Q hMC4R variants transfected in HEK293 cells that included constitutive activity for adenylyl cyclase (AC), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element (CRE)-driven transcription, and calcium mobilization but not phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) activity. Importantly, the signaling profile included impaired α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced CRE-driven transcription but not impaired α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced AC, calcium, or pERK1/2. This profile was not observed for transfected H158R, a constitutively active hMC4R variant associated with overweight but not obesity. We concluded that there is potential for α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced CRE-driven transcription in HEK293 cells transfected with obesogenic hMC4R variants to be the key predictive tool for determining whether they exhibit loss of function. Furthermore, in vivo, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced hMC4R CRE-driven transcription may be key for maintaining body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikus Botha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shree S Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natasha L Grimsey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathleen G Mountjoy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
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15
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Radoux-Mergault A, Oberhauser L, Aureli S, Gervasio FL, Stoeber M. Subcellular location defines GPCR signal transduction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6059. [PMID: 37075112 PMCID: PMC10115417 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can be activated by permeant ligands, which contributes to agonist selectivity. Opioid receptors (ORs) provide a notable example, where opioid drugs rapidly activate ORs in the Golgi apparatus. Our knowledge on intracellular GPCR function remains incomplete, and it is unknown whether OR signaling in plasma membrane (PM) and Golgi apparatus differs. Here, we assess the recruitment of signal transducers to mu- and delta-ORs in both compartments. We find that Golgi ORs couple to Gαi/o probes and are phosphorylated but, unlike PM receptors, do not recruit β-arrestin or a specific Gα probe. Molecular dynamics simulations with OR-transducer complexes in bilayers mimicking PM or Golgi composition reveal that the lipid environment promotes the location-selective coupling. We then show that delta-ORs in PM and Golgi have distinct effects on transcription and protein phosphorylation. The study reveals that the subcellular location defines the signaling effects of opioid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucie Oberhauser
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simone Aureli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Luigi Gervasio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Miriam Stoeber
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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16
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A multi-dimensional view of context-dependent G protein-coupled receptor function. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:13-20. [PMID: 36688421 PMCID: PMC9987931 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family members can sense an extraordinary variety of biomolecules to activate intracellular signalling cascades that modulate key aspects of cell physiology. Apart from their crucial role in maintaining cell homeostasis, these critical sensory and modulatory properties have made GPCRs the most successful drug target class to date. However, establishing direct links between receptor activation of specific intracellular partners and individual physiological outcomes is still an ongoing challenge. By studying this receptor signalling complexity at increasing resolution through the development of novel biosensors and high-throughput techniques, a growing number of studies are revealing how receptor function can be diversified in a spatial, temporal or cell-specific manner. This mini-review will introduce recent examples of this context-dependent receptor signalling and discuss how it can impact our understanding of receptor function in health and disease, and contribute to the search of more selective, efficacious and safer GPCR drug candidates.
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17
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Hu J, Sun X, Kang Z, Cheng J. Computational investigation of functional water molecules in GPCRs bound to G protein or arrestin. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2023; 37:91-105. [PMID: 36459325 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-022-00492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins constituting the largest family of drug targets. The activated GPCR binds either the heterotrimeric G proteins or arrestin through its activation cycle. Water molecules have been reported to play a role in GPCR activation. Nevertheless, reported studies are focused on the hydrophobic helical bundle region. How water molecules function in GPCR bound either G protein or arrestin is rarely studied. To address this issue, we carried out computational studies on water molecules in both GPCR/G protein complexes and GPCR/arrestin complexes. Using inhomogeneous fluid theory (IFT), we locate all possible hydration sites in GPCRs binding either to G protein or arrestin. We observe that the number of water molecules on the interaction surface between GPCRs and signal proteins are correlated with the insertion depths of the α5-helix from G-protein or "finger loop" from arrestin in GPCRs. In three out of the four simulation pairs, the interfaces of Rhodopsin, M2R and NTSR1 in the G protein-associated systems show more water-mediated hydrogen-bond networks when compared to these in arrestin-associated systems. This reflects that more functionally relevant water molecules may probably be attracted in G protein-associated structures than that in arrestin-associated structures. Moreover, we find the water-mediated interaction networks throughout the NPxxY region and the orthosteric pocket, which may be a key for GPCR activation. Reported studies show that non-biased agonist, which can trigger both GPCR-G protein and GPCR-arrestin activation signal, can result in pharmacologically toxicities. Our comprehensive studies of the hydration sites in GPCR/G protein complexes and GPCR/arrestin complexes may provide important insights in the design of G-protein biased agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianqiang Sun
- AutoDrug Biotech Co. Ltd, No. 58 XiangKe Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengzhong Kang
- AutoDrug Biotech Co. Ltd, No. 58 XiangKe Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianxin Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China.
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18
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Semesta KM, Garces A, Tsvetanova NG. The psychosis risk factor RBM12 encodes a novel repressor of GPCR/cAMP signal transduction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.12.523776. [PMID: 36711667 PMCID: PMC9882185 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
RBM12 is a high-penetrance risk factor for familial schizophrenia and psychosis, yet its precise cellular functions and the pathways to which it belongs are not known. We utilize two complementary models, HEK293 cells and human iPSC-derived neurons, and delineate RBM12 as a novel repressor of the G protein-coupled receptor/cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (GPCR/cAMP/PKA) signaling axis. We establish that loss of RBM12 leads to hyperactive cAMP production and increased PKA activity as well as altered neuronal transcriptional responses to GPCR stimulation. Notably, the cAMP and transcriptional signaling steps are subject to discrete RBM12-dependent regulation. We further demonstrate that the two RBM12 truncating variants linked to familial psychosis impact this interplay, as the mutants fail to rescue GPCR/cAMP signaling hyperactivity in cells depleted of RBM12. Lastly, we present a mechanism underlying the impaired signaling phenotypes. In agreement with its activity as an RNA-binding protein, loss of RBM12 leads to altered gene expression, including that of multiple effectors of established significance within the receptor pathway. Specifically, the abundance of adenylyl cyclases, phosphodiesterase isoforms, and PKA regulatory and catalytic subunits is impacted by RBM12 depletion. We note that these expression changes are fully consistent with the entire gamut of hyperactive signaling outputs. In summary, the current study identifies a previously unappreciated role for RBM12 in the context of the GPCR/cAMP pathway that could be explored further as a tentative molecular mechanism underlying the functions of this factor in neuronal physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa M Semesta
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Angelica Garces
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Nikoleta G Tsvetanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Chattopadhyay A, Sharma A. Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: A pathophysiological manifestation of the Bloch hypothesis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1120373. [PMID: 36714259 PMCID: PMC9878332 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1120373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of cholesterol, an essential component of higher eukaryotic membranes, was worked out by Konrad Bloch (and Feodor Lynen) in the 1960s and they received the Nobel Prize around that time in recognition of their pioneering contributions. An elegant consequence of this was a hypothesis proposed by Konrad Bloch (the Bloch hypothesis) which suggests that each subsequent intermediate in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is superior in supporting membrane function in higher eukaryotes relative to its precursor. In this review, we discuss an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, known as Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), associated with a defect in the Kandutsch-Russell pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis that results in accumulation of the immediate precursor of cholesterol in its biosynthetic pathway (7-dehydrocholesterol) and an altered cholesterol to total sterol ratio. Patients suffering from SLOS have several developmental, behavioral and cognitive abnormalities for which no drug is available yet. We characterize SLOS as a manifestation of the Bloch hypothesis and review its molecular etiology and current treatment. We further discuss defective Hedgehog signaling in SLOS and focus on the role of the serotonin1A receptor, a representative neurotransmitter receptor belonging to the GPCR family, in SLOS. Notably, ligand binding activity and cellular signaling of serotonin1A receptors are impaired in SLOS-like condition. Importantly, cellular localization and intracellular trafficking of the serotonin1A receptor (which constitute an important determinant of a GPCR cellular function) are compromised in SLOS. We highlight some of the recent developments and emerging concepts in SLOS pathobiology and suggest that novel therapies based on trafficking defects of target receptors could provide new insight into treatment of SLOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India,*Correspondence: Amitabha Chattopadhyay,
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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20
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Velagala V, Soundarrajan DK, Unger MF, Gazzo D, Kumar N, Li J, Zartman J. The multimodal action of G alpha q in coordinating growth and homeostasis in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.08.523049. [PMID: 36711848 PMCID: PMC9881979 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.08.523049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background G proteins mediate cell responses to various ligands and play key roles in organ development. Dysregulation of G-proteins or Ca 2+ signaling impacts many human diseases and results in birth defects. However, the downstream effectors of specific G proteins in developmental regulatory networks are still poorly understood. Methods We employed the Gal4/UAS binary system to inhibit or overexpress Gαq in the wing disc, followed by phenotypic analysis. Immunohistochemistry and next-gen RNA sequencing identified the downstream effectors and the signaling cascades affected by the disruption of Gαq homeostasis. Results Here, we characterized how the G protein subunit Gαq tunes the size and shape of the wing in the larval and adult stages of development. Downregulation of Gαq in the wing disc reduced wing growth and delayed larval development. Gαq overexpression is sufficient to promote global Ca 2+ waves in the wing disc with a concomitant reduction in the Drosophila final wing size and a delay in pupariation. The reduced wing size phenotype is further enhanced when downregulating downstream components of the core Ca 2+ signaling toolkit, suggesting that downstream Ca 2+ signaling partially ameliorates the reduction in wing size. In contrast, Gαq -mediated pupariation delay is rescued by inhibition of IP 3 R, a key regulator of Ca 2+ signaling. This suggests that Gαq regulates developmental phenotypes through both Ca 2+ -dependent and Ca 2+ -independent mechanisms. RNA seq analysis shows that disruption of Gαq homeostasis affects nuclear hormone receptors, JAK/STAT pathway, and immune response genes. Notably, disruption of Gαq homeostasis increases expression levels of Dilp8, a key regulator of growth and pupariation timing. Conclusion Gαq activity contributes to cell size regulation and wing metamorphosis. Disruption to Gαq homeostasis in the peripheral wing disc organ delays larval development through ecdysone signaling inhibition. Overall, Gαq signaling mediates key modules of organ size regulation and epithelial homeostasis through the dual action of Ca 2+ -dependent and independent mechanisms.
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21
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Lam T, Mastos C, Sloan EK, Halls ML. Pathological changes in GPCR signal organisation: Opportunities for targeted therapies for triple negative breast cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108331. [PMID: 36513135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the poorest prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes, due to a historical lack of targeted therapies and high rates of relapse. Greater insight into the components of signalling pathways in TNBC tumour cells has led to the clinical evaluation, and in some cases approval, of targeted therapies. In the last decade, G protein-coupled receptors, such as the β2-adrenoceptor, have emerged as potential new therapeutic targets. Here, we describe how the β2-adrenoceptor accelerates TNBC progression in response to stress, and the unique signalling pathway activated by the β2-adrenoceptor to drive the invasion of an aggressive TNBC tumour cell. We highlight evidence that supports an altered organisation of GPCRs in tumour cells, and suggests that activation of the same GPCR in a different cellular location can control unique cell responses. Finally, we speculate how the relocation of GPCRs to the "wrong" place in tumour cells presents opportunities to develop targeted anti-cancer GPCR drugs with greater efficacy and minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrance Lam
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Chantel Mastos
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Erica K Sloan
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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22
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Dos Santos Claro PA, Silbermins M, Inda C, Silberstein S. CRHR1 endocytosis: Spatiotemporal regulation of receptor signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 196:229-260. [PMID: 36813360 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is crucial for basal and stress-initiated reactions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and extrahypothalamic brain circuits, where it acts as a neuromodulator to organize behavioral and humoral responses to stress. We review and describe cellular components and molecular mechanisms involved in CRH system signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) CRHR1 and CRHR2, under the current view of GPCR signaling from the plasma membrane but also from intracellular compartments, which establish the bases of signal resolution in space and time. Focus is placed on latest studies of CRHR1 signaling in physiologically significant contexts of the neurohormone function that disclosed new mechanistic features of cAMP production and ERK1/2 activation. We also introduce in a brief overview the pathophysiological function of the CRH system, underlining the need for a complete characterization of CRHRs signaling to design new and specific therapies for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Dos Santos Claro
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Silbermins
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Inda
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Octamer SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Silberstein
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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23
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TAAR1 dependent and independent actions of the potential antipsychotic and dual TAAR1/5-HT 1A receptor agonist SEP-383856. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:2319-2329. [PMID: 36100653 PMCID: PMC9630386 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
SEP-383856 (SEP-856) is a novel antipsychotic under clinical development. It displays a unique pattern of receptor interaction, with only weak (partial agonist) activity at dopamine D2 receptors, yet more potent agonist activity at the trace amine associated receptor (TAAR1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1 A receptor (5-HT1A). Nonetheless, these observations await independent confirmation and more detailed characterization of the in vitro and in vivo actions of SEP-856 at TAAR1 and 5-HT1A receptors would be instructive. Herein, we employed luminescence complementation technology in heterologous live cell systems, confocal microscopy, voltage clamp electrophysiology, behavioral readouts and TAAR1 knockout (KO) mice to study SEP-856 in further detail. We provide evidence for the ability of SEP-856 to activate TAAR1 at the surface plasma membrane, and show that this interaction results in Gαs recruitment (pEC50: 6.08 ± 0.22 EMAX: 96.41% ± 15.26) and by extension, to G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel activation. Using TAAR1-KO mice, we find TAAR1 to be indispensable for SEP-856 control of body temperature, baseline locomotion reduction and for "antipsychotic-like" efficacy as characterized by a reversal of dizocilipine (MK-801) mediated disruption of pre-pulse inhibition. Conversely, the inhibition by SEP-856 of MK-801 induced locomotion was unaffected in TAAR1 KO mice. SEP-856 behaved as a low-potency, partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor, while it partially inhibited recruitment of D2 receptor-coupled Gα and GIRK by DA and acted as a weak partial agonist with low potency at the same receptor when applied alone. Our findings corroborate and extend previous observations on the molecular substrates engaged by this unique, dual TAAR1/5-HT1A receptor agonist and potential antipsychotic that could prove to have major advantages in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.
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Kumar GA, Puthenveedu MA. Diversity and specificity in location-based signaling outputs of neuronal GPCRs. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 76:102601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Fasciani I, Carli M, Petragnano F, Colaianni F, Aloisi G, Maggio R, Scarselli M, Rossi M. GPCRs in Intracellular Compartments: New Targets for Drug Discovery. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1343. [PMID: 36291552 PMCID: PMC9599219 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The architecture of eukaryotic cells is defined by extensive membrane-delimited compartments, which entails separate metabolic processes that would otherwise interfere with each other, leading to functional differences between cells. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of cell surface receptors, and their signal transduction is traditionally viewed as a chain of events initiated from the plasma membrane. Furthermore, their intracellular trafficking, internalization, and recycling were considered only to regulate receptor desensitization and cell surface expression. On the contrary, accumulating data strongly suggest that GPCRs also signal from intracellular compartments. GPCRs localize in the membranes of endosomes, nucleus, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum apparatuses, mitochondria, and cell division compartments. Importantly, from these sites they have shown to orchestrate multiple signals that regulate different cell pathways. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of this fascinating phenomenon, explaining how GPCRs reach the intracellular sites, are stimulated by the endogenous ligands, and their potential physiological/pathophysiological roles. Finally, we illustrate several mechanisms involved in the modulation of the compartmentalized GPCR signaling by drugs and endogenous ligands. Understanding how GPCR signaling compartmentalization is regulated will provide a unique opportunity to develop novel pharmaceutical approaches to target GPCRs and potentially lead the way towards new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fasciani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Carli
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Colaianni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Gabriella Aloisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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26
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Wingler LM, Feld AP. Nanobodies as Probes and Modulators of Cardiovascular G Protein-Coupled Receptors. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:342-353. [PMID: 34840268 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Understanding the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is of paramount importance to the field of cardiovascular medicine due to the critical physiological roles of these receptors and their prominence as drug targets. Although many cardiovascular GPCRs have been extensively studied as model receptors for decades, new complexities in their regulation continue to emerge. As a result, there is an ongoing need to develop novel approaches to monitor and to modulate GPCR activation. In less than a decade, nanobodies, or recombinant single-domain antibody fragments from camelids, have become indispensable tools for interrogating GPCRs both in purified systems and in living cells. Nanobodies have gained traction rapidly due to their biochemical tractability and their ability to recognize defined states of native proteins. Here, we review how nanobodies have been adopted to elucidate the structure, pharmacology, and signaling of cardiovascular GPCRs, resolving long-standing mysteries and revealing unexpected mechanisms. We also discuss how advancing technologies to discover nanobodies with tailored specificities may expand the impact of these tools for both basic science and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Wingler
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC
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27
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Benton KC, Wheeler DS, Kurtoglu B, Ansari MBZ, Cibich DP, Gonzalez DA, Herbst MR, Khursheed S, Knorr RC, Lobner D, Maglasang JG, Rohr KE, Taylor A, Twining RC, Witt PJ, Gasser PJ. Norepinephrine activates β 1 -adrenergic receptors at the inner nuclear membrane in astrocytes. Glia 2022; 70:1777-1794. [PMID: 35589612 PMCID: PMC9276628 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Norepinephrine exerts powerful influences on the metabolic, neuroprotective and immunoregulatory functions of astrocytes. Until recently, all effects of norepinephrine were believed to be mediated by receptors localized exclusively to the plasma membrane. However, recent studies in cardiomyocytes have identified adrenergic receptors localized to intracellular membranes, including Golgi and inner nuclear membranes, and have shown that norepinephrine can access these receptors via transporter-mediated uptake. We recently identified a high-capacity norepinephrine transporter, organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), densely localized to outer nuclear membranes in astrocytes, suggesting that adrenergic signaling may also occur at the inner nuclear membrane in these cells. Here, we used immunofluorescence and western blot to show that β1 -adrenergic receptors are localized to astrocyte inner nuclear membranes; that key adrenergic signaling partners are present in astrocyte nuclei; and that OCT3 and other catecholamine transporters are localized to astrocyte plasma and nuclear membranes. To test the functionality of nuclear membrane β1 -adrenergic receptors, we monitored real-time protein kinase A (PKA) activity in astrocyte nuclei using a fluorescent biosensor. Treatment of astrocytes with norepinephrine induced rapid increases in PKA activity in the nuclear compartment. Pretreatment of astrocytes with inhibitors of catecholamine uptake blocked rapid norepinephrine-induced increases in nuclear PKA activity. These studies, the first to document functional adrenergic receptors at the nuclear membrane in any central nervous system cell, reveal a novel mechanism by which norepinephrine may directly influence nuclear processes. This mechanism may contribute to previously described neuroprotective, metabolic and immunoregulatory actions of norepinephrine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beliz Kurtoglu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | | | - Daniel P. Cibich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Dante A. Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Matthew R. Herbst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Saema Khursheed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Rachel C. Knorr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Doug Lobner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Jenree G. Maglasang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Kayla E. Rohr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Analisa Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Robert C. Twining
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Paul J. Witt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Paul J. Gasser
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201
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The Succinate Receptor SUCNR1 Resides at the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Relocates to the Plasma Membrane in Hypoxic Conditions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142185. [PMID: 35883628 PMCID: PMC9321536 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The GPCR SUCNR1/GPR91 exerts proangiogenesis upon stimulation with the Krebs cycle metabolite succinate. GPCR signaling depends on the surrounding environment and intracellular localization through location bias. Here, we show by microscopy and by cell fractionation that in neurons, SUCNR1 resides at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while being fully functional, as shown by calcium release and the induction of the expression of the proangiogenic gene for VEGFA. ER localization was found to depend upon N-glycosylation, particularly at position N8; the nonglycosylated mutant receptor localizes at the plasma membrane shuttled by RAB11. This SUCNR1 glycosylation is physiologically regulated, so that during hypoxic conditions, SUCNR1 is deglycosylated and relocates to the plasma membrane. Downstream signal transduction of SUCNR1 was found to activate the prostaglandin synthesis pathway through direct interaction with COX-2 at the ER; pharmacologic antagonism of the PGE2 EP4 receptor (localized at the nucleus) was found to prevent VEGFA expression. Concordantly, restoring the expression of SUCNR1 in the retina of SUCNR1-null mice renormalized vascularization; this effect is markedly diminished after transfection of the plasma membrane-localized SUCNR1 N8A mutant, emphasizing that ER localization of the succinate receptor is necessary for proper vascularization. These findings uncover an unprecedented physiologic process where GPCR resides at the ER for signaling function.
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29
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Schmoll M, Hinterdobler W. Tools for adapting to a complex habitat: G-protein coupled receptors in Trichoderma. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 193:65-97. [PMID: 36357080 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sensing the environment and interpretation of the received signals are crucial competences of living organisms in order to properly adapt to their habitat, succeed in competition and to reproduce. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are members of a large family of sensors for extracellular signals and represent the starting point of complex signaling cascades regulating a plethora of intracellular physiological processes and output pathways in fungi. In Trichoderma spp. current research involves a wide range of topics from enzyme production, light response and secondary metabolism to sexual and asexual development as well as biocontrol, all of which require delicate balancing of resources in response to the environmental challenges or biotechnological needs at hand, which are crucially impacted by the surroundings of the fungi and their intercellular signaling cascades triggering a precisely tailored response. In this review we summarize recent findings on sensing by GPCRs in Trichoderma, including the function of pheromone receptors, glucose sensing by CSG1 and CSG2, regulation of secondary metabolism by GPR8 and impacts on mycoparasitism by GPR1. Additionally, we provide an overview on structural determinants, posttranslational modifications and interactions for regulation, activation and signal termination of GPCRs in order to inspire future in depth analyses of their function and to understand previous regulatory outcomes of natural and biotechnological processes modulated or enabled by GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Schmoll
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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30
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Sijben HJ, Superti-Furga G, IJzerman AP, Heitman LH. Targeting solute carriers to modulate receptor–ligand interactions. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:358-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Interacting Partners: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020840. [PMID: 35055030 PMCID: PMC8778124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Group I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors (mGlu1/5 subtypes) are G protein-coupled receptors and are broadly expressed in the mammalian brain. These receptors play key roles in the modulation of normal glutamatergic transmission and synaptic plasticity, and abnormal mGlu1/5 signaling is linked to the pathogenesis and symptomatology of various mental and neurological disorders. Group I mGlu receptors are noticeably regulated via a mechanism involving dynamic protein-protein interactions. Several synaptic protein kinases were recently found to directly bind to the intracellular domains of mGlu1/5 receptors and phosphorylate the receptors at distinct amino acid residues. A variety of scaffolding and adaptor proteins also interact with mGlu1/5. Constitutive or activity-dependent interactions between mGlu1/5 and their interacting partners modulate trafficking, anchoring, and expression of the receptors. The mGlu1/5-associated proteins also finetune the efficacy of mGlu1/5 postreceptor signaling and mGlu1/5-mediated synaptic plasticity. This review analyzes the data from recent studies and provides an update on the biochemical and physiological properties of a set of proteins or molecules that interact with and thus regulate mGlu1/5 receptors.
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32
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McMahon DB, Kuek LE, Johnson ME, Johnson PO, Horn RL, Carey RM, Adappa ND, Palmer JN, Lee RJ. The bitter end: T2R bitter receptor agonists elevate nuclear calcium and induce apoptosis in non-ciliated airway epithelial cells. Cell Calcium 2022; 101:102499. [PMID: 34839223 PMCID: PMC8752513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) localize to airway motile cilia and initiate innate immune responses in retaliation to bacterial quorum sensing molecules. Activation of cilia T2Rs leads to calcium-driven NO production that increases cilia beating and directly kills bacteria. Several diseases, including chronic rhinosinusitis, COPD, and cystic fibrosis, are characterized by loss of motile cilia and/or squamous metaplasia. To understand T2R function within the altered landscape of airway disease, we studied T2Rs in non-ciliated airway cell lines and primary cells. Several T2Rs localize to the nucleus in de-differentiated cells that typically localize to cilia in differentiated cells. As cilia and nuclear import utilize shared proteins, some T2Rs may target to the nucleus in the absence of motile cilia. T2R agonists selectively elevated nuclear and mitochondrial calcium through a G-protein-coupled receptor phospholipase C mechanism. Additionally, T2R agonists decreased nuclear cAMP, increased nitric oxide, and increased cGMP, consistent with T2R signaling. Furthermore, exposure to T2R agonists led to nuclear calcium-induced mitochondrial depolarization and caspase activation. T2R agonists induced apoptosis in primary bronchial and nasal cells differentiated at air-liquid interface but then induced to a squamous phenotype by apical submersion. Air-exposed well-differentiated cells did not die. This may be a last-resort defense against bacterial infection. However, it may also increase susceptibility of de-differentiated or remodeled epithelia to damage by bacterial metabolites. Moreover, the T2R-activated apoptosis pathway occurs in airway cancer cells. T2Rs may thus contribute to microbiome-tumor cell crosstalk in airway cancers. Targeting T2Rs may be useful for activating cancer cell apoptosis while sparing surrounding tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek B. McMahon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Correspondence: Derek B. McMahon, PhD or Robert J. Lee, PhD, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA, 215-573-9766, (D.B.M.) or (R.J.L)
| | - Li Eon Kuek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Madeline E. Johnson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paige O. Johnson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rachel L.J. Horn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ryan M. Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nithin D. Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James N. Palmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert J. Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Correspondence: Derek B. McMahon, PhD or Robert J. Lee, PhD, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA, 215-573-9766, (D.B.M.) or (R.J.L)
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33
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Cholesterol-dependent endocytosis of GPCRs: implications in pathophysiology and therapeutics. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:1007-1017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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34
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Atallah R, Gindlhuber J, Platzer W, Bärnthaler T, Tatzl E, Toller W, Strutz J, Rittchen S, Luschnig P, Birner-Gruenberger R, Wadsack C, Heinemann A. SUCNR1 Is Expressed in Human Placenta and Mediates Angiogenesis: Significance in Gestational Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12048. [PMID: 34769478 PMCID: PMC8585094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental hypervascularization has been reported in pregnancy-related pathologies such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Nevertheless, the underlying causes behind this abnormality are not well understood. In this study, we addressed the expression of SUCNR1 (cognate succinate receptor) in human placental endothelial cells and hypothesized that the succinate-SUCNR1 axis might play a role in the placental hypervascularization reported in GDM. We measured significantly higher succinate levels in placental tissue lysates from women with GDM relative to matched controls. In parallel, SUCNR1 protein expression was upregulated in GDM tissue lysates as well as in isolated diabetic fetoplacental arterial endothelial cells (FpECAds). A positive correlation of SUCNR1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels in tissue lysates indicated a potential link between the succinate-SUCNR1 axis and placental angiogenesis. In our in vitro experiments, succinate prompted hallmarks of angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) such as proliferation, migration and spheroid sprouting. These results were further validated in fetoplacental arterial endothelial cells (FpECAs), where succinate induced endothelial tube formation. VEGF gene expression was increased in response to succinate in both HUVECs and FpECAs. Yet, knockdown of SUCNR1 in HUVECs led to suppression of VEGF gene expression and abrogated the migratory ability and wound healing in response to succinate. In conclusion, our data underline SUCNR1 as a promising metabolic target in human placenta and as a potential driver of enhanced placental angiogenesis in GDM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes, Gestational/genetics
- Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism
- Diabetes, Gestational/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
- Humans
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Placenta/blood supply
- Placenta/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Atallah
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
- National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Juergen Gindlhuber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.G.); (R.B.-G.)
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Platzer
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Eva Tatzl
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Wolfgang Toller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Jasmin Strutz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.S.); (C.W.)
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Sonja Rittchen
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Petra Luschnig
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.G.); (R.B.-G.)
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
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35
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Carey RM, McMahon DB, Miller ZA, Kim T, Rajasekaran K, Gopallawa I, Newman JG, Basu D, Nead KT, White EA, Lee RJ. T2R bitter taste receptors regulate apoptosis and may be associated with survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:1474-1492. [PMID: 34717036 PMCID: PMC8978516 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Better management of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) requires a clearer understanding of tumor biology and disease risk. Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) have been studied in several cancers, including thyroid, salivary, and GI, but their role in HNSCC has not been explored. We found that HNSCC patient samples and cell lines expressed functional T2Rs on both the cell and nuclear membranes. Bitter compounds, including bacterial metabolites, activated T2R‐mediated nuclear Ca2+ responses leading to mitochondrial depolarization, caspase activation, and ultimately apoptosis. Buffering nuclear Ca2+ elevation blocked caspase activation. Furthermore, increased expression of T2Rs in HNSCCs from The Cancer Genome Atlas is associated with improved overall survival. This work suggests that T2Rs are potential biomarkers to predict outcomes and guide treatment selection, may be leveraged as therapeutic targets to stimulate tumor apoptosis, and may mediate tumor‐microbiome crosstalk in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Derek B McMahon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zoey A Miller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - TaeBeom Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karthik Rajasekaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Indiwari Gopallawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason G Newman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devraj Basu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin T Nead
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth A White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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36
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Cerniello FM, Silva MG, Carretero OA, Gironacci MM. Mas receptor is translocated to the nucleus upon agonist stimulation in brainstem neurons from spontaneously hypertensive rats but not normotensive rats. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1995-2008. [PMID: 31825460 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Activation of the angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7)/Mas receptor (R) axis protects from sympathetic overactivity. Endocytic trafficking is an essential process that regulates receptor (R) function and its ultimate cellular responses. We investigated whether the blunted responses to Ang-(1-7) in hypertensive rats are associated to an alteration in MasR trafficking. METHODS AND RESULTS Brainstem neurons from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) or spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were investigated for (i) Ang-(1-7) levels and binding and MasR expression, (ii) Ang-(1-7) responses (arachidonic acid and nitric oxide release and Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation), and (iii) MasR trafficking. Ang-(1-7) was determined by radioimmunoassay. MasR expression and functionality were evaluated by western blot and binding assays. MasR trafficking was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Ang-(1-7) treatment induced an increase in nitric oxide and arachidonic acid release and ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in WKY neurons but did not have an effect in SHR neurons. Although SHR neurons showed greater MasR expression, Ang-(1-7)-elicited responses were substantially diminished presumably due to decreased Ang-(1-7) endogenous levels concomitant with impaired binding to its receptor. Through immunocolocalization studies, we evidenced that upon Ang-(1-7) stimulation MasRs were internalized through clathrin-coated pits and caveolae into early endosomes and slowly recycled back to the plasma membrane. However, the fraction of internalized MasRs into early endosomes was larger and the fraction of MasRs recycled back to the plasma membrane was smaller in SHR than in WKY neurons. Surprisingly, in SHR neurons but not in WKY neurons, Ang-(1-7) induced MasR translocation to the nucleus. Nuclear MasR expression and Ang-(1-7) levels were significantly greater in the nuclei of Ang-(1-7)-stimulated SHR neurons, indicating that the MasR is translocated with its ligand bound to it. CONCLUSION MasRs display differential trafficking in brainstem neurons from SHRs, which may contribute to the impaired responses to Ang-(1-7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia M Cerniello
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Dpto. Química Biológica, Junín 956, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro G Silva
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Dpto. Química Biológica, Junín 956, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar A Carretero
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Dpto. Química Biológica, Junín 956, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Sharma A, Kumar GA, Chattopadhyay A. Late endosomal/lysosomal accumulation of a neurotransmitter receptor in a cellular model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Traffic 2021; 22:332-344. [PMID: 34418249 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a congenital and developmental malformation syndrome associated with defective cholesterol biosynthesis. It is characterized by accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol (the immediate biosynthetic precursor of cholesterol in the Kandutsch-Russell pathway) and an altered cholesterol to total sterol ratio. Because SLOS is associated with neurological malfunction, exploring the function and trafficking of neuronal receptors and their interaction with membrane lipids under these conditions assume significance. In this work, we generated a cellular model of SLOS in HEK-293 cells stably expressing the human serotonin1A receptor (an important neurotransmitter G-protein coupled receptor) using AY 9944, an inhibitor for the enzyme 3β-hydroxy-steroid-∆7 -reductase (7-DHCR). Using a quantitative flow cytometry based assay, we show that the plasma membrane population of serotonin1A receptors was considerably reduced under these conditions without any change in total cellular expression of the receptor. Interestingly, the receptors were trafficked to sterol-enriched LysoTracker positive compartments, which accumulated under these conditions. To the best of our knowledge, our results constitute one of the first reports demonstrating intracellular accumulation and misregulated traffic of a neurotransmitter GPCR in SLOS-like conditions. We believe these results assume relevance in our overall understanding of the molecular basis underlying the functional relevance of neurotransmitter receptors in SLOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Sharma
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - G Aditya Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Fréchette L, Degrandmaison J, Binda C, Boisvert M, Côté L, Michaud T, Lalumière MP, Gendron L, Parent JL. Identification of the interactome of the DP1 receptor for Prostaglandin D 2: Regulation of DP1 receptor signaling and trafficking by IQGAP1. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129969. [PMID: 34352343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms governing localization, trafficking and signaling of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical in cell function. Protein-protein interactions are determinant in these processes. However, there are very little interacting proteins known to date for the DP1 receptor for prostaglandin D2. METHODS We performed LC-MS/MS analyses of the DP1 receptor interactome in HEK293 cells. To functionally validate our LC-MS/MS data, we studied the implications of the interaction with the IQGAP1 scaffold protein in the trafficking and signaling of DP1. RESULTS In addition to expected interacting proteins such as heterotrimeric G protein subunits, we identified proteins involved in signaling, trafficking, and folding localized in various cell compartments. Endogenous DP1-IQGAP1 co-immunoprecipitation was observed in colon cancer HT-29 cells. The interaction was augmented by DP1 agonist activation in HEK293 cells and GST-pulldown assays showed that IQGAP1 binds to intracellular loops 2 and 3 of DP1. Co-localization of the two proteins was observed by confocal microscopy at the cell periphery and in intracellular vesicles in the basal state. PGD2 treatment resulted in the redistribution of the DP1-IQGAP1 co-localization in the perinuclear vicinity. DP1 receptor internalization was promoted by overexpression of IQGAP1, while it was diminished by IQGAP1 knockdown with DsiRNAs. DP1-mediated ERK1/2 activation was augmented and sustained overtime by overexpression of IQGAP1 when compared to DP1 expressed alone. IQGAP1 knockdown decreased ERK1/2 activation by DP1 stimulation. Interestingly, ERK1/2 signaling by DP1 was increased when IQGAP2 was silenced, while it was impaired by IQGAP3 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our findings define the putative DP1 interactome, a patho-physiologically important receptor, and validated the interaction with IQGAP1 in DP1 function. Our data also reveal that IQGAP proteins may differentially regulate GPCR signaling. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The identified putative DP1-interacting proteins open multiple lines of research in DP1 and GPCR biology in various cell compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Fréchette
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jade Degrandmaison
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Binda
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marilou Boisvert
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurie Côté
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Thomas Michaud
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Pier Lalumière
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Département d'Anesthésiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Parent
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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Kalhor HR, Taghikhani E. Probe into the Molecular Mechanism of Ibuprofen Interaction with Warfarin Bound to Human Serum Albumin in Comparison to Ascorbic and Salicylic Acids: Allosteric Inhibition of Anticoagulant Release. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:4045-4057. [PMID: 34292735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The release of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin from human serum albumin (HSA) has been important not only mechanistically but also clinically for patients who take multiple drugs simultaneously. In this study, the role of some commonly used drugs, including s-ibuprofen, ascorbic acid, and salicylic acid, was investigated in the release of warfarin bound to HSA in silico. The effects of the aforementioned drugs on the HSA-warfarin complex were investigated with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using two approaches; in the first perspective, molecular docking was used to model the interaction of each drug with the HSA-warfarin complex, and in the second approach, drugs were positioned randomly and distant from the binary complex (HSA-warfarin) in a physiologically relevant concentration. The results obtained from both approaches indicated that s-ibuprofen and ascorbic acid both displayed allosteric effects on the release of warfarin from HSA. Although ascorbic acid aided in warfarin release, leading to destabilization of HSA, ibuprofen demonstrated a stabilizing effect on releasing the anticoagulant drug through several noncovalent interactions, including hydrophobic, electrostatic, and hydrogen-bonding interactions with the protein. The calculated binding free energy and energy contribution of involved residues using the molecular mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method, along with root mean square deviation (RMSD) values, protein gyration, and free energy surface (FES) mapping of the protein, provided valuable details on the nature of the interactions of each drug on the release of warfarin from HSA. These results can provide important information on the mechanisms of anticoagulant release that has not been revealed in molecular details previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Kalhor
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-3516, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Taghikhani
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-3516, Tehran, Iran
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Piltonen M, Krokhotin A, Parisien M, Bérubé P, Djambazian H, Sladek R, Dokholyan NV, Shabalina SA, Diatchenko L. Alternative Splicing of Opioid Receptor Genes Shows a Conserved Pattern for 6TM Receptor Variants. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1039-1055. [PMID: 33010019 PMCID: PMC8159799 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The opioid receptor (OPR) family comprises the mu-, delta-, and kappa-opioid, and nociceptin receptors that belong to the superfamily of 7-transmembrane spanning G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The mu-opioid receptor is the main target for clinically used opioid analgesics, and its biology has been extensively studied. The N-terminally truncated 6TM receptors isoform produced through alternative splicing of the OPRM1 gene displays unique signaling and analgesic properties, but it is unclear if other OPRs have the same ability. In this study, we have built a comprehensive map of alternative splicing events that produce 6TM receptor variants in all the OPRs and demonstrated their evolutionary conservation. We then obtained evidence for their translation through ribosomal footprint analysis. We discovered that N-terminally truncated 6TM GPCRs are rare in the human genome and OPRs are overrepresented in this group. Finally, we also observed a significant enrichment of 6TM GPCR genes among genes associated with pain, psychiatric disorders, and addiction. Understanding the biology of 6TM receptors and leveraging this knowledge for drug development should pave the way for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Piltonen
- School of Dentistry, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Andrey Krokhotin
- Departments of Pathology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Stanford Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Marc Parisien
- School of Dentistry, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Pierre Bérubé
- Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Haig Djambazian
- Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Rob Sladek
- Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Departments of Pharmacology, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
- Departments of Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Penn State, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Svetlana A Shabalina
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Building 38A, Room S604, 8600 Rockville Pike MSC 3830, Bethesda, MD, 20894-6075, USA.
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- School of Dentistry, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Genome Building, Room 2201, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
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Gonçalves-Monteiro S, Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Vieira-Rocha MS, Vojtek M, Sousa JB, Diniz C. Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:439. [PMID: 34066915 PMCID: PMC8148550 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a large protein superfamily divided into six classes, rhodopsin-like (A), secretin receptor family (B), metabotropic glutamate (C), fungal mating pheromone receptors (D), cyclic AMP receptors (E) and frizzled (F). Until recently, GPCRs signaling was thought to emanate exclusively from the plasma membrane as a response to extracellular stimuli but several studies have challenged this view demonstrating that GPCRs can be present in intracellular localizations, including in the nuclei. A renewed interest in GPCR receptors' superfamily emerged and intensive research occurred over recent decades, particularly regarding class A GPCRs, but some class B and C have also been explored. Nuclear GPCRs proved to be functional and capable of triggering identical and/or distinct signaling pathways associated with their counterparts on the cell surface bringing new insights into the relevance of nuclear GPCRs and highlighting the nucleus as an autonomous signaling organelle (triggered by GPCRs). Nuclear GPCRs are involved in physiological (namely cell proliferation, transcription, angiogenesis and survival) and disease processes (cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc.). In this review we summarize emerging evidence on nuclear GPCRs expression/function (with some nuclear GPCRs evidencing atypical/disruptive signaling pathways) in non-communicable disease, thus, bringing nuclear GPCRs as targets to the forefront of debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.-M.); (R.R.-O.); (M.S.V.-R.); (M.V.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.-M.); (R.R.-O.); (M.S.V.-R.); (M.V.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Sofia Vieira-Rocha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.-M.); (R.R.-O.); (M.S.V.-R.); (M.V.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Martin Vojtek
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.-M.); (R.R.-O.); (M.S.V.-R.); (M.V.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana B. Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.-M.); (R.R.-O.); (M.S.V.-R.); (M.V.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Diniz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.-M.); (R.R.-O.); (M.S.V.-R.); (M.V.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Dielectric Spectroscopy Based Detection of Specific and Nonspecific Cellular Mechanisms. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21093177. [PMID: 34063599 PMCID: PMC8124793 DOI: 10.3390/s21093177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Using radiofrequency dielectric spectroscopy, we have investigated the impact of the interaction between a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), the sterile2 α-factor receptor protein (Ste2), and its cognate agonist ligand, the α-factor pheromone, on the dielectric properties of the plasma membrane in living yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The dielectric properties of a cell suspension containing a saturating concentration of α-factor were measured over the frequency range 40Hz–110 MHz and compared to the behavior of a similarly prepared suspension of cells in the absence of α-factor. A spherical three-shell model was used to determine the electrical phase parameters for the yeast cells in both types of suspensions. The relative permittivity of the plasma membrane showed a significant increase after exposure to α-factor (by 0.06 ± 0.05). The equivalent experiment performed on yeast cells lacking the ability to express Ste2 showed no change in plasma membrane permittivity. Interestingly, a large change also occurred to the electrical properties of the cellular interior after the addition of α-factor to the cell suspending medium, whether or not the cells were expressing Ste2. We present a number of different complementary experiments performed on the yeast to support these dielectric data and interpret the results in terms of specific cellular reactions to the presence of α-factor.
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Sukocheva OA, Hu DG, Meech R, Bishayee A. Divergence of Intracellular Trafficking of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 3 in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and MCF-7-Derived Stem Cell-Enriched Mammospheres. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094314. [PMID: 33919234 PMCID: PMC8122545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer MCF-7 cell-line-derived mammospheres were shown to be enriched in cells with a CD44+/CD24- surface profile, consistent with breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). These BCSC were previously reported to express key sphingolipid signaling effectors, including pro-oncogenic sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3). In this study, we explored intracellular trafficking and localization of SphK1 and S1P3 in parental MCF-7 cells, and MCF-7 derived BCSC-enriched mammospheres treated with growth- or apoptosis-stimulating agents. Intracellular trafficking and localization were assessed using confocal microscopy and cell fractionation, while CD44+/CD24- marker status was confirmed by flow cytometry. Mammospheres expressed significantly higher levels of S1P3 compared to parental MCF-7 cells (p < 0.01). Growth-promoting agents (S1P and estrogen) induced SphK1 and S1P3 translocation from cytoplasm to nuclei, which may facilitate the involvement of SphK1 and S1P3 in gene regulation. In contrast, pro-apoptotic cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-treated MCF-7 cells demonstrated increased apoptosis and no nuclear localization of SphK1 and S1P3, suggesting that TNFα can inhibit nuclear translocation of SphK1 and S1P3. TNFα inhibited mammosphere formation and induced S1P3 internalization and degradation. No nuclear translocation of S1P3 was detected in TNFα-stimulated mammospheres. Notably, SphK1 and S1P3 expression and localization were highly heterogenous in mammospheres, suggesting the potential for a large variety of responses. The findings provide further insights into the understanding of sphingolipid signaling and intracellular trafficking in BCs. Our data indicates that the inhibition of SphK1 and S1P3 nuclear translocation represents a novel method to prevent BCSCs proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Sukocheva
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
- Correspondence: (O.A.S.); or (A.B.)
| | - Dong Gui Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia; (D.G.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia; (D.G.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: (O.A.S.); or (A.B.)
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Manchanda Y, Bitsi S, Kang Y, Jones B, Tomas A. Spatiotemporal control of GLP-1 receptor activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Yuan Y, Jacobs CA, Llorente Garcia I, Pereira PM, Lawrence SP, Laine RF, Marsh M, Henriques R. Single-Molecule Super-Resolution Imaging of T-Cell Plasma Membrane CD4 Redistribution upon HIV-1 Binding. Viruses 2021; 13:142. [PMID: 33478139 PMCID: PMC7835772 DOI: 10.3390/v13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The first step of cellular entry for the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) occurs through the binding of its envelope protein (Env) with the plasma membrane receptor CD4 and co-receptor CCR5 or CXCR4 on susceptible cells, primarily CD4+ T cells and macrophages. Although there is considerable knowledge of the molecular interactions between Env and host cell receptors that lead to successful fusion, the precise way in which HIV-1 receptors redistribute to sites of virus binding at the nanoscale remains unknown. Here, we quantitatively examine changes in the nanoscale organisation of CD4 on the surface of CD4+ T cells following HIV-1 binding. Using single-molecule super-resolution imaging, we show that CD4 molecules are distributed mostly as either individual molecules or small clusters of up to 4 molecules. Following virus binding, we observe a local 3-to-10-fold increase in cluster diameter and molecule number for virus-associated CD4 clusters. Moreover, a similar but smaller magnitude reorganisation of CD4 was also observed with recombinant gp120. For one of the first times, our results quantify the nanoscale CD4 reorganisation triggered by HIV-1 on host CD4+ T cells. Our quantitative approach provides a robust methodology for characterising the nanoscale organisation of plasma membrane receptors in general with the potential to link spatial organisation to function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
| | - Caron A. Jacobs
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | | | - Pedro M. Pereira
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
- Bacterial Cell Biology, MOSTMICRO, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Scott P. Lawrence
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
| | - Romain F. Laine
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Mark Marsh
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
| | - Ricardo Henriques
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (Y.Y.); (C.A.J.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.L.)
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
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46
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Oberhauser L, Stoeber M. Biosensors Monitor Ligand-Selective Effects at Kappa Opioid Receptors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 271:65-82. [PMID: 33387066 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for pain and itch treatment. There is growing interest in biased agonists that preferentially activate select signaling pathways downstream of KOR activation on the cellular level due to their therapeutic promise in retaining the analgesic and antipruritic effects and eliminating the sedative and dysphoric effects of KOR signaling on the physiological level. The concept of ligand-selective signaling includes that biased ligands promote KOR to selectively recruit one transducer or regulator protein over another, introducing bias into the signaling cascade at the very receptor-proximal level. Measuring agonist effects directly at the receptor has remained challenging and previous studies have focused on inferring agonist-selective KOR engagement with G protein relative to β-arrestin based on downstream signaling readouts. Here we discuss novel strategies to directly assess ligand-selective effects on receptor activation using KOR-interacting biosensors. The conformation-specific cytoplasmic biosensors are disconnected from the endogenous signaling machinery and provide a direct receptor-proxy readout of ligand effects in living cells. Receptor-biosensor interaction is ligand concentration dependent and can be used to determine relative ligand potency and efficacy. In addition, the biosensors reveal the existence of two dimensions of agonist bias in the cellular context: Firstly, agonists can selectively produce discrete protein-engaged KOR states and secondly, agonists can differ in the precise subcellular location at which they activate KOR. We discuss the value and the limitations of using orthogonal receptor-interacting biosensors in the quest to understand functional selectivity amongst KOR agonists in the cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Oberhauser
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Stoeber
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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47
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Ahmad R, Lahuna O, Sidibe A, Daulat A, Zhang Q, Luka M, Guillaume JL, Gallet S, Guillonneau F, Hamroune J, Polo S, Prévot V, Delagrange P, Dam J, Jockers R. GPR50-Ctail cleavage and nuclear translocation: a new signal transduction mode for G protein-coupled receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5189-5205. [PMID: 31900622 PMCID: PMC11105015 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Transmission of extracellular signals by G protein-coupled receptors typically relies on a cascade of intracellular events initiated by the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins or β-arrestins followed by effector activation/inhibition. Here, we report an alternative signal transduction mode used by the orphan GPR50 that relies on the nuclear translocation of its carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD). Activation of the calcium-dependent calpain protease cleaves off the CTD from the transmembrane-bound GPR50 core domain between Phe-408 and Ser-409 as determined by MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometry. The cytosolic CTD then translocates into the nucleus assisted by its 'DPD' motif, where it interacts with the general transcription factor TFII-I to regulate c-fos gene transcription. RNA-Seq analysis indicates a broad role of the CTD in modulating gene transcription with ~ 8000 differentially expressed genes. Our study describes a non-canonical, direct signaling mode of GPCRs to the nucleus with similarities to other receptor families such as the NOTCH receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raise Ahmad
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lahuna
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Anissa Sidibe
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Avais Daulat
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Marine Luka
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guillaume
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Gallet
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, U837, Lille, France
| | - François Guillonneau
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Hamroune
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Polo
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate Centre, UMR7216, CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | | | - Philippe Delagrange
- Pôle D'Innovation Thérapeutique Neuropsychiatrie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy, France
| | - Julie Dam
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France.
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48
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Crilly SE, Puthenveedu MA. Compartmentalized GPCR Signaling from Intracellular Membranes. J Membr Biol 2020; 254:259-271. [PMID: 33231722 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins that transduce a wide array of inputs including light, ions, hormones, and neurotransmitters into intracellular signaling responses which underlie complex processes ranging from vision to learning and memory. Although traditionally thought to signal primarily from the cell surface, GPCRs are increasingly being recognized as capable of signaling from intracellular membrane compartments, including endosomes, the Golgi apparatus, and nuclear membranes. Remarkably, GPCR signaling from these membranes produces functional effects that are distinct from signaling from the plasma membrane, even though often the same G protein effectors and second messengers are activated. In this review, we will discuss the emerging idea of a "spatial bias" in signaling. We will present the evidence for GPCR signaling through G protein effectors from intracellular membranes, and the ways in which this signaling differs from canonical plasma membrane signaling with important implications for physiology and pharmacology. We also highlight the potential mechanisms underlying spatial bias of GPCR signaling, including how intracellular membranes and their associated lipids and proteins affect GPCR activity and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie E Crilly
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Manojkumar A Puthenveedu
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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49
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Fang Z, Chen S, Manchanda Y, Bitsi S, Pickford P, David A, Shchepinova MM, Corrêa Jr IR, Hodson DJ, Broichhagen J, Tate EW, Reimann F, Salem V, Rutter GA, Tan T, Bloom SR, Tomas A, Jones B. Ligand-Specific Factors Influencing GLP-1 Receptor Post-Endocytic Trafficking and Degradation in Pancreatic Beta Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8404. [PMID: 33182425 PMCID: PMC7664906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is an important regulator of blood glucose homeostasis. Ligand-specific differences in membrane trafficking of the GLP-1R influence its signalling properties and therapeutic potential in type 2 diabetes. Here, we have evaluated how different factors combine to control the post-endocytic trafficking of GLP-1R to recycling versus degradative pathways. Experiments were performed in primary islet cells, INS-1 832/3 clonal beta cells and HEK293 cells, using biorthogonal labelling of GLP-1R to determine its localisation and degradation after treatment with GLP-1, exendin-4 and several further GLP-1R agonist peptides. We also characterised the effect of a rare GLP1R coding variant, T149M, and the role of endosomal peptidase endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), in GLP1R trafficking. Our data reveal how treatment with GLP-1 versus exendin-4 is associated with preferential GLP-1R targeting towards a recycling pathway. GLP-1, but not exendin-4, is a substrate for ECE-1, and the resultant propensity to intra-endosomal degradation, in conjunction with differences in binding affinity, contributes to alterations in GLP-1R trafficking behaviours and degradation. The T149M GLP-1R variant shows reduced signalling and internalisation responses, which is likely to be due to disruption of the cytoplasmic region that couples to intracellular effectors. These observations provide insights into how ligand- and genotype-specific factors can influence GLP-1R trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Fang
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
- Wellcome Trust–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Shiqian Chen
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Yusman Manchanda
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Y.M.); (S.B.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Stavroula Bitsi
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Y.M.); (S.B.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Philip Pickford
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Alessia David
- Centre for Bioinformatics and System Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK;
| | - Maria M. Shchepinova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; (M.M.S.); (E.W.T.)
| | | | - David J. Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Department of Chemical Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edward W. Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; (M.M.S.); (E.W.T.)
| | - Frank Reimann
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Victoria Salem
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Y.M.); (S.B.); (G.A.R.)
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Tricia Tan
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Stephen R. Bloom
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Y.M.); (S.B.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Ben Jones
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (Z.F.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (V.S.); (T.T.); (S.R.B.)
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50
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Jones AJY, Gabriel F, Tandale A, Nietlispach D. Structure and Dynamics of GPCRs in Lipid Membranes: Physical Principles and Experimental Approaches. Molecules 2020; 25:E4729. [PMID: 33076366 PMCID: PMC7587580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the vast amount of information generated through structural and biophysical studies of GPCRs has provided unprecedented mechanistic insight into the complex signalling behaviour of these receptors. With this recent information surge, it has also become increasingly apparent that in order to reproduce the various effects that lipids and membranes exert on the biological function for these allosteric receptors, in vitro studies of GPCRs need to be conducted under conditions that adequately approximate the native lipid bilayer environment. In the first part of this review, we assess some of the more general effects that a membrane environment exerts on lipid bilayer-embedded proteins such as GPCRs. This is then followed by the consideration of more specific effects, including stoichiometric interactions with specific lipid subtypes. In the final section, we survey a range of different membrane mimetics that are currently used for in vitro studies, with a focus on NMR applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Nietlispach
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (A.J.Y.J.); (F.G.); (A.T.)
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