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Ren S, Liang P, Feng R, Yang W, Qiu T, Zhang J, Li Q, Yang G, Sun X, Yao X. The phosphorylation of Smad3 by CaMKIIγ leads to the hepatocyte pyroptosis under perfluorooctane sulfonate exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116924. [PMID: 39181077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent organic pollutant and accumulated in the liver of mammals. PFOS exposure is closely associated with the development of pyroptosis. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism is unclear. We found here that PFOS induced pyroptosis in the mice liver and L-02 cells as demonstrated by activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, gasdermin D cleavage and increased release of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. The level of cytoplasmic calcium was accelerated in hepatocytes upon exposure to PFOS. The phosphorylated/activated form of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was augmented by PFOS in vivo and in vitro. PFOS-induced pyroptosis was relieved by CaMKII inhibitor. Among various CaMKII subtypes, we identified that CaMKIIγ was activated specifically by PFOS. CaMKIIγ interacted with Smad family member 3 (Smad3) under PFOS exposure. PFOS increased the phosphorylation of Smad3, and CaMKII inhibitor or CaMKIIγ siRNA alleviated PFOS-caused phosphorylation of Smad3. Inhibiting Smad3 activity was found to alleviate PFOS-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis. This study puts forward that CaMKIIγ-Smad3 is the linkage between calcium homeostasis disturbance and pyroptosis, providing a mechanistic explanation for PFOS-induced pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Ren
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Peiyao Liang
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Ruzhen Feng
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Tianming Qiu
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China.
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Occupation and Environment Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun South Road, Dalian, China.
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Brewer A, Zhao JF, Fasimoye R, Shpiro N, Macartney TJ, Wood NT, Wightman M, Alessi DR, Sapkota GP. Targeted dephosphorylation of SMAD3 as an approach to impede TGF-β signaling. iScience 2024; 27:110423. [PMID: 39104417 PMCID: PMC11298613 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) signaling is involved in a myriad of cellular processes and its dysregulation has been implicated in many human diseases, including fibrosis and cancer. TGF-β transcriptional responses are controlled by tail phosphorylation of transcription factors SMAD2 and SMAD3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3). Therefore, targeted dephosphorylation of phospho-SMAD3 could provide an innovative mechanism to block some TGF-β-induced transcriptional responses, such as the transcription of SERPINE-1, which encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). Here, by developing and employing a bifunctional molecule, BDPIC (bromoTAG-dTAG proximity-inducing chimera), we redirected multiple phosphatases, tagged with bromoTAG, to dephosphorylate phospho-SMAD3, tagged with dTAG. Using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, we generated homozygous double knock-in A549 bromoTAG/bromoTAG PPM1H/ dTAG/dTAG SMAD3 cells, in which the BDPIC-induced proximity between bromoTAG-PPM1H and dTAG-SMAD3 led to a robust dephosphorylation of dTAG-SMAD3 and a significant decrease in SERPINE-1 transcription. Our work demonstrates targeted dephosphorylation of phospho-proteins as an exciting modality for rewiring cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Brewer
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Jin-Feng Zhao
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Rotimi Fasimoye
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Natalia Shpiro
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Thomas J. Macartney
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Nicola T. Wood
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Melanie Wightman
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Dario R. Alessi
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Gopal P. Sapkota
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
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Yan W, Rao D, Fan F, Liang H, Zhang Z, Dong H. Hepatitis B virus X protein and TGF-β: partners in the carcinogenic journey of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1407434. [PMID: 38962270 PMCID: PMC11220127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1407434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B infection is substantially associated with the development of liver cancer globally, with the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases exceeding 50%. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) encodes the Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein, a pleiotropic regulatory protein necessary for the transcription of the HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) microchromosome. In previous studies, HBV-associated HCC was revealed to be affected by HBx in multiple signaling pathways, resulting in genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has dichotomous potentials at various phases of malignancy as it is a crucial signaling pathway that regulates multiple cellular and physiological processes. In early HCC, TGF-β has a significant antitumor effect, whereas in advanced HCC, it promotes malignant progression. TGF-β interacts with the HBx protein in HCC, regulating the pathogenesis of HCC. This review summarizes the respective and combined functions of HBx and TGB-β in HCC occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dean Rao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feimu Fan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, National Health Commission (NHC), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunyi Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanhua Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Liang LL, He MF, Zhou PP, Pan SK, Liu DW, Liu ZS. GSK3β: A ray of hope for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23458. [PMID: 38315453 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302160r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, is characterized by its complex pathogenesis, high risk of chronic renal failure, and lack of effective diagnosis and treatment methods. GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β), a highly conserved threonine/serine kinase, was found to activate glycogen synthase. As a key molecule of the glucose metabolism pathway, GSK3β participates in a variety of cellular activities and plays a pivotal role in multiple diseases. However, these effects are not only mediated by affecting glucose metabolism. This review elaborates on the role of GSK3β in DKD and its damage mechanism in different intrinsic renal cells. GSK3β is also a biomarker indicating the progression of DKD. Finally, the protective effects of GSK3β inhibitors on DKD are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Liang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Fei He
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Kang Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Kim JY, Hong N, Park S, Ham SW, Kim EJ, Kim SO, Jang J, Kim Y, Kim JK, Kim SC, Park JW, Kim H. Jagged1 intracellular domain/SMAD3 complex transcriptionally regulates TWIST1 to drive glioma invasion. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:822. [PMID: 38092725 PMCID: PMC10719344 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Jagged1 (JAG1) is a Notch ligand that correlates with tumor progression. Not limited to its function as a ligand, JAG1 can be cleaved, and its intracellular domain translocates to the nucleus, where it functions as a transcriptional cofactor. Previously, we showed that JAG1 intracellular domain (JICD1) forms a protein complex with DDX17/SMAD3/TGIF2. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying JICD1-mediated tumor aggressiveness remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that JICD1 enhances the invasive phenotypes of glioblastoma cells by transcriptionally activating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes, especially TWIST1. The inhibition of TWIST1 reduced JICD1-driven tumor aggressiveness. Although SMAD3 is an important component of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling, the JICD1/SMAD3 transcriptional complex was shown to govern brain tumor invasion independent of TGF-β signaling. Moreover, JICD1-TWIST1-MMP2 and MMP9 axes were significantly correlated with clinical outcome of glioblastoma patients. Collectively, we identified the JICD1/SMAD3-TWIST1 axis as a novel inducer of invasive phenotypes in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Ham
- MEDIFIC Inc., Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- MEDIFIC Inc., Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseok Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyum Kim
- MEDIFIC Inc., Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Whi Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunggee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Su Z, Lu J, Ling Z, Li W, Yang X, Cheng B, Tao X. Upregulation of IL-37 in epithelial cells: A potential new mechanism of T cell inhibition induced by tacrolimus. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115796. [PMID: 37690572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T cell-mediated mucocutaneous disease characterized by T cell infiltration at the connective tissue-epithelium interface. Traditionally, topical corticosteroids are used as the first-line drugs to treat OLP. However, long-term use of corticosteroids may lead to drug tolerance, secondary candidiasis, and autoimmune adrenal insufficiency. Although topical tacrolimus has often been recommended for short-term use in corticosteroid-refractory OLP, the precise role of tacrolimus in epithelial cells remains elusive. This study showed that tacrolimus could directly upregulate the expression of IL-37 in human gingival epithelial cells by promoting the TGF-βRI/Smad3 pathway independently of calcineurin inhibition and MAPKs. In contrast, dexamethasone, one of the corticosteroids, did not have the same effect. Moreover, IL-37 could inhibit the proliferation of activated T cells and the secretion of effector cytokines and alleviate epithelial cell apoptosis and death caused by activated T cells ina co-culturesystem. Furthermore, compared with healthy controls, IL-37 and p-Smad3 levels significantly increased in the oral mucosa affected by OLP, especially in the epithelium. IL-37 might have mediated a negative feedback mechanism to curb excessive inflammation in OLP. However, the expression of IL-37 was not associated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and Tregs in OLP, implying that IL-37 might mostly affect T cell activation rather than T cell differentiation and migration. Overall, this study discovered a potential novel mechanism by which tacrolimus might indirectly inhibit T cell-mediated immune damage by upregulating IL-37 in human gingival epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangci Su
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Andalib KMS, Ahmed A, Habib A. Omics data analysis reveals common molecular basis of small cell lung cancer and COVID-19. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37708006 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2257803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 infection on individuals with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) poses a serious threat. Unfortunately, the molecular basis of this severe comorbidity has yet to be elucidated. The present study addresses this gap utilizing publicly available omics data of COVID-19 and SCLC to explore the key molecules and associated pathways involved in the convergence of these diseases. Findings revealed 402 genes, that exhibited differential expression patterns in SCLC patients and also play a pivotal role in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Subsequent functional enrichment analyses identified relevant ontologies and pathways that are significantly associated with these genes, revealing important insights into their potential biological, molecular and cellular functions. The protein-protein interaction network, constructed under four combinatorial topological assessments, highlighted SMAD3, CAV1, PIK3R1, and FN1 as the primary components to this comorbidity. Our results suggest that these components significantly regulate this cross-talk triggering the PI3K-AKT and TGF-β signaling pathways. Lastly, this study made a multi-step computational attempt and identified corylifol A and ginkgetin from natural sources that can potentially inhibit these components. Therefore, the outcomes of this study offer novel perspectives on the common molecular mechanisms underlying SCLC and COVID-19 and present future opportunities for drug development.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Salim Andalib
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Ahmed
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Ahsan Habib
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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Zafar S, Khan K, Badshah Y, Shahid K, Trembley JH, Hafeez A, Ashraf NM, Arslan H, Shabbir M, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Razak S. Exploring the prognostic significance of PKCε variants in cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:819. [PMID: 37667176 PMCID: PMC10476323 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein Kinase C-epsilon (PKCε) is a member of the novel subfamily of PKCs (nPKCs) that plays a role in cancer development. Studies have revealed that its elevated expression levels are associated with cervical cancer. Previously, we identified pathogenic variations in its different domains through various bioinformatics tools and molecular dynamic simulation. In the present study, the aim was to find the association of its variants rs1553369874 and rs1345511001 with cervical cancer and to determine the influence of these variants on the protein-protein interactions of PKCε, which can lead towards cancer development and poor survival rates. METHODS The association of the variants with cervical cancer and its clinicopathological features was determined through genotyping analysis. Odds ratio and relative risk along with Fisher exact test were calculated to evaluate variants significance and disease risk. Protein-protein docking was performed and docked complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation to gauge the variants impact on PKCε's molecular interactions. RESULTS This study revealed that genetic variants rs1553369874 and rs1345511001 were associated with cervical cancer. Smad3 interacts with PKCε and this interaction promotes cervical cancer angiogenesis; therefore, Smad3 was selected for protein-protein docking. The analysis revealed PKCε variants promoted aberrant interactions with Smad3 that might lead to the activation of oncogenic pathways. The data obtained from this study suggested the prognostic significance of PRKCE gene variants rs1553369874 and rs1345511001. CONCLUSION Through further in vitro and in vivo validation, these variants can be used at the clinical level as novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Zafar
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasmin Badshah
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Kanza Shahid
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Janeen H Trembley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System Research Service, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Amna Hafeez
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Mahmood Ashraf
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Arslan
- University of Bonn, LIMES Institute (AG-Netea), Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Shabbir
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ha KB, Lee ES, Park NW, Jo SH, Shim S, Kim DK, Ahn CM, Chung CH. Beneficial Effects of a Curcumin Derivative and Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor I Inhibitor Combination on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:500-513. [PMID: 37096379 PMCID: PMC10404525 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Curcumin 2005-8 (Cur5-8), a derivative of curcumin, improves fatty liver disease via AMP-activated protein kinase activation and autophagy regulation. EW-7197 (vactosertib) is a small molecule inhibitor of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptor I and may scavenge reactive oxygen species and ameliorate fibrosis through the SMAD2/3 canonical pathway. This study aimed to determine whether co-administering these two drugs having different mechanisms is beneficial. METHODS Hepatocellular fibrosis was induced in mouse hepatocytes (alpha mouse liver 12 [AML12]) and human hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) using TGF-β (2 ng/mL). The cells were then treated with Cur5-8 (1 μM), EW-7197 (0.5 μM), or both. In animal experiments were also conducted during which, methionine-choline deficient diet, Cur5-8 (100 mg/kg), and EW-7197 (20 mg/kg) were administered orally to 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice for 6 weeks. RESULTS TGF-β-induced cell morphological changes were improved by EW-7197, and lipid accumulation was restored on the administration of EW-7197 in combination with Cur5-8. In a nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-induced mouse model, 6 weeks of EW-7197 and Cur5-8 co-administration alleviated liver fibrosis and improved the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score. CONCLUSION Co-administering Cur5-8 and EW-7197 to NASH-induced mice and fibrotic hepatocytes reduced liver fibrosis and steatohepatitis while maintaining the advantages of both drugs. This is the first study to show the effect of the drug combination against NASH and NAFLD. Similar effects in other animal models will confirm its potential as a new therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Na Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Su Ho Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soyeon Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Kee Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Mug Ahn
- Department of Basic Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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10
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Mazi FA, Cakiroglu E, Uysal M, Kalyoncu M, Demirci D, Sozeri PYG, Yilmaz GO, Ozhan SE, Senturk S. The paracaspase MALT1 is a downstream target of Smad3 and potentiates the crosstalk between TGF-β and NF-kB signaling pathways in cancer cells. Cell Signal 2023; 105:110611. [PMID: 36708753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
TGF-β signaling mediates its biological effects by engaging canonical Smad proteins and crosstalking extensively with other signaling networks, including the NF-kB pathway. The paracaspase MALT1 is an intracellular signaling molecule essential for NF-kB activation downstream of several key cell surface receptors. Despite intensive research on TGF-β and NF-kB interactions, the significance of MALT1 in this context remains undecoded. Here we provide experimental evidence supporting that MALT1 functions to converge these pathways. Using A549 and Huh7 cancer cell line models, we report that TGF-β stimulation enhances MALT1 protein and transcript levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Systematic and selective perturbation of TGF-β signaling components identifies MALT1 as a downstream target of Smad3. Rescue experiments in SMAD3 knockout cells confirm that C-terminal phosphorylation of Smad3 is central to MALT1 induction. Corroborating these data, we document that the expression of SMAD3 and MALT1 genes are positively correlated in TCGA cohorts, and we trace the molecular basis of MALT1 elevation to promoter activation. Functional studies in parental as well as NF-kB p65 signaling reporter engineered cells conclusively reveal that MALT1 is paramount for TGF-β-stimulated nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of NF-kB p65. Furthermore, we find that BCL10 is also implicated in TGF-β activation of NF-kB target genes, potentially coupling the TGF-β-MALT1-NF-kB signaling axis to the CARMA-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signalosome. The novel findings of this study indicate that MALT1 is a downstream target of the canonical TGF-β/Smad3 pathway and plays a critical role in modulating TGF-β and NF-kB crosstalk in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Aybuke Mazi
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ece Cakiroglu
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Merve Uysal
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Perihan Yagmur Guneri Sozeri
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Serif Senturk
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
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11
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Soltan MA, Eldeen MA, Sajer BH, Abdelhameed RFA, Al-Salmi FA, Fayad E, Jafri I, Ahmed HEM, Eid RA, Hassan HM, Al-Shraim M, Negm A, Noreldin AE, Darwish KM. Integration of Chemoinformatics and Multi-Omics Analysis Defines ECT2 as a Potential Target for Cancer Drug Therapy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040613. [PMID: 37106813 PMCID: PMC10135641 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2) is a potential oncogene and a number of recent studies have correlated it with the progression of several human cancers. Despite this elevated attention for ECT2 in oncology-related reports, there is no collective study to combine and integrate the expression and oncogenic behavior of ECT2 in a panel of human cancers. The current study started with a differential expression analysis of ECT2 in cancerous versus normal tissue. Following that, the study asked for the correlation between ECT2 upregulation and tumor stage, grade, and metastasis, along with its effect on patient survival. Moreover, the methylation and phosphorylation status of ECT2 in tumor versus normal tissue was assessed, in addition to the investigation of the ECT2 effect on the immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. The current study revealed that ECT2 was upregulated as mRNA and protein levels in a list of human tumors, a feature that allowed for the increased filtration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and decreased the level of natural killer T (NKT) cells, which ultimately led to a poor prognosis survival. Lastly, we screened for several drugs that could inhibit ECT2 and act as antitumor agents. Collectively, this study nominated ECT2 as a prognostic and immunological biomarker, with reported inhibitors that represent potential antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Soltan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia 41611, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Cell Biology, Histology & Genetics Division, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Bayan H Sajer
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda F A Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Fawziah A Al-Salmi
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Refaat A Eid
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Hassan
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mubarak Al-Shraim
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Negm
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Darwish
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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12
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3D collagen migration patterns reveal a SMAD3-dependent and TGF-β1-independent mechanism of recruitment for tumour-associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:967-981. [PMID: 36572730 PMCID: PMC10006167 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TGF-β1 transcription factor SMAD3 is epigenetically repressed in tumour-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) from lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) but not adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients, which elicits a compensatory increase in SMAD2 that renders SCC-TAFs less fibrotic. Here we examined the effects of altered SMAD2/3 in fibroblast migration and its impact on the desmoplastic stroma formation in lung cancer. METHODS We used a microfluidic device to examine descriptors of early protrusions and subsequent migration in 3D collagen gels upon knocking down SMAD2 or SMAD3 by shRNA in control fibroblasts and TAFs. RESULTS High SMAD3 conditions as in shSMAD2 fibroblasts and ADC-TAFs exhibited a migratory advantage in terms of protrusions (fewer and longer) and migration (faster and more directional) selectively without TGF-β1 along with Erk1/2 hyperactivation. This enhanced migration was abrogated by TGF-β1 as well as low glucose medium and the MEK inhibitor Trametinib. In contrast, high SMAD2 fibroblasts were poorly responsive to TGF-β1, high glucose and Trametinib, exhibiting impaired migration in all conditions. CONCLUSIONS The basal migration advantage of high SMAD3 fibroblasts provides a straightforward mechanism underlying the larger accumulation of TAFs previously reported in ADC compared to SCC. Moreover, our results encourage using MEK inhibitors in ADC-TAFs but not SCC-TAFs.
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13
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Pan QF, Ouyang WW, Zhang MQ, He S, Yang SY, Zhang J. Chondroitin polymerizing factor predicts a poor prognosis and promotes breast cancer progression via the upstream TGF-β1/SMAD3 and JNK axis activation. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:89-102. [PMID: 36042157 PMCID: PMC10030767 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant composition of glycans in the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) is a glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS). It is also correlated to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, a crucial mediator in the interaction of cancer cells with TME. In this study, we investigated the association of CHPF expression with the clinicopathological features of breast cancer (BRCA), as well the oncogenic effect and the underling mechanisms of CHPF upon BRCA cells. We found that CHPF expression is significantly increased in human BRCA tissues, and it is positively associated with TGF-β expression (r = 0.7125). The high-expression of CHPF predicts a poor prognosis and is positively correlated with tumor mass, lymph node metastasis, clinical staging and HER-2 negative-expression. The mechanistic study revealed that it promotes BRCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion through TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 and JNK activation in vitro, JNK (SP600125) or SMAD3 (SIS3) inhibitor can remove the promotion of CHPF upon cell proliferation, migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells, which is derived from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Collectively, our finding suggested CHPF may function as an oncogene and is highly expressed in human BRCA tissues. Pharmacological blockade of the upstream of JNK or SMAD3 signaling may provide a novel therapeutic target for refractory TNBC patients with CHPF abnormal high-expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Feng Pan
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Wei-Wei Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Meng-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Shuo He
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Si-Yun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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14
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Lv W, Wu H, Zhang Y, Li H, Shu H, Su C, Zhu Y, Wang T, Nie F. cRGD-targeted gold-based nanoparticles overcome EGFR-TKI resistance of NSCLC via low-temperature photothermal therapy combined with sonodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1677-1691. [PMID: 36625328 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01825j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is a first-line targeted drug for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in clinical practice, but EGFR-TKI-acquired resistance limits its therapeutic effect. To address this challenge, a novel multifunctional gold-based targeted nanoparticle-based drug delivery system is fabricated. The gold-based nanoparticle is loaded with the EGFR-TKI (gefitinib) and IR780, and the surface-modified gold nanoshell layer has a photothermal effect for thermally triggered drug release. Finally, the unique binding of cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) to the αvβ3 receptor ensured that the nanoparticle (cRGD-GIPG) targeted transport into drug-resistant NSCLC cells was functional. Due to the sonodynamic properties of IR780, ultrasound (US) irradiation promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, while low-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) not only promoted the release of drug, but also further enhanced the cytotoxic effects of ROS. In turn, it blocked the activation of TGF-β/PDLIM5/SMAD resistance pathway and induced apoptosis of drug-resistant cells through mitochondrial apoptosis, enabling the treatment of EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC. The low-temperature PTT combined with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) by cRGD-GIPG thus shows potent anticancer activity against EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. The present work provides a valuable strategy for highly targeted and EGFR-TKI-resistant reversal therapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Lv
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Ultrasonography, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Ultrasonography, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hong Shu
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Chunhong Su
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yangyang Zhu
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Ultrasonography, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Ultrasonography, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fang Nie
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Ultrasonography, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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15
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Lu YJ, Niu L, Shen FK, Yang W, Xie Y, Li SY, Jiang M, Bai G. Ligustilide attenuates airway remodeling in COPD mice by covalently binding to MH2 domain of Smad3 in pulmonary epithelium, disrupting the Smad3-SARA interaction. Phytother Res 2023; 37:717-730. [PMID: 36216328 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is one of the hallmarks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is closely related to the dysregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Smad3, an important transcriptional regulator responsible for transducing TGF-β1 signals, is a promising target for EMT modulation. We found that ligustilide (Lig), a novel Smad3 covalent inhibitor, effectively inhibited airway remodeling in cigarette smoke (CS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced COPD mice. Oral administration of an alkynyl-modified Lig probe was used to capture and trace target proteins in mouse lung tissue, revealing Smad3 in airway epithelium as a key target of Lig. Protein mass spectrometry and Smad3 mutation analysis via in-gel imaging indicated that the epoxidized metabolite of Lig covalently binds to the MH2 domain of Smad3 at Cys331/337. This irreversible bonding destroys the interaction of Smad3-SARA, prevents Smad3 phosphorylation activation, and subsequently suppresses the nuclear transfer of p-Smad3, the EMT process, and collagen deposition in TGF-β1-stimulated BEAS-2B cells and COPD mice. These findings provide experimental support that Lig attenuates COPD by repressing airway remodeling which is attributed to its suppression on the activation of EMT process in the airway epithelium via targeting Smad3 and inhibiting the recruitment of the Smad3-SARA heterodimer in the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Niu
- Laboratory of Compound Drugs and Systems Biology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Kui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R., China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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16
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Li H, Wang Y, Han X. ESP-B4 promotes nasal epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles containing miR-146a-5p to modulate Smad3/GATA-3 thus relieving allergic rhinitis: ESP-B4/miR-146a-5p in AR. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154516. [PMID: 36370637 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though generally a mild affliction, allergic rhinitis (AR) is very common and causes considerable discomfort. Ephedra sinica polysaccharide is a candidate cost-effective therapy to relieve AR symptoms. PURPOSE We explore the molecular mechanism of pure polysaccharide ESP-B4 action in AR. METHODS RPMI2650 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide to induce an in vitro sensitization model, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated. A rat model of AR was established using ovalbumin as the allergen and was treated with Ephedra sinica polysaccharide to observe changes in rhinitis symptoms, nasal mucosa histopathology and molecular pathology. ESP-B4-treated sensitized cells were adopted in vitro to verify effect of Ephedra sinica polysaccharide on miR-146a-5p expression in RPMI2650 cell-derived EVs and helper T cell differentiation. RESULTS miR-146a-5p inhibited Smad3, impeded the Smad3/GATA-3 interaction, upregulated IFN-γ expression, and promoted CD4+T cell Th1 differentiation. Treatment with ESP-B4 relieved AR in rats, and elevated miR-146a-5p in the EVs from the nasal epithelial cells, apparently in relation to effects on helper T cell Th1/Th2 equilibrium. CONCLUSION Overall, ESP-B4 can promote miR-146a-5p secretion, affect the Th1/Th2 balance of helper T cells, and relieve AR symptoms through Smad3/GATA-3 interaction, thus presenting a potential strategy for AR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan 250001, PR China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan 250014, PR China.
| | - Xiuli Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan 250014, PR China
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17
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Yamano S, Takeda T, Goto Y, Hirai S, Furukawa Y, Kikuchi Y, Misumi K, Suzuki M, Takanobu K, Senoh H, Saito M, Kondo H, Kobashi Y, Okamoto K, Kishimoto T, Umeda Y. Mechanisms of pulmonary disease in F344 rats after workplace-relevant inhalation exposure to cross-linked water-soluble acrylic acid polymers. Respir Res 2023; 24:47. [PMID: 36782232 PMCID: PMC9926550 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently in Japan, six workers at a chemical plant that manufactures resins developed interstitial lung diseases after being involved in loading and packing cross-linked water-soluble acrylic acid polymers (CWAAPs). The present study focused on assessing lung damage in rats caused by workplace-relevant inhalation exposure to CWAAP and investigated the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in lung lesion development. METHODS Using a whole-body inhalation exposure system, male F344 rats were exposed once to 40 or 100 mg/m3 of CWAAP-A for 4 h or to 15 or 40 mg/m3 of CWAAP-A for 4 h per day once per week for 2 months (9 exposures). In a separate set of experiments, male F344 rats were administered 1 mg/kg CWAAP-A or CWAAP-B by intratracheal instillation once every 2 weeks for 2 months (5 doses). Lung tissues, mediastinal lymph nodes, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected and subjected to biological and histopathological analyses. RESULTS A single 4-h exposure to CWAAP-A caused alveolar injury, and repeated exposures resulted in regenerative changes in the alveolar epithelium with activation of TGFβ signaling. During the recovery period after the last exposure, some alveolar lesions were partially healed, but other lesions developed into alveolitis with fibrous thickening of the alveolar septum. Rats administered CWAAP-A by intratracheal instillation developed qualitatively similar pulmonary pathology as rats exposed to CWAAP-A by inhalation. At 2 weeks after intratracheal instillation, rats administered CWAAP-B appeared to have a slightly higher degree of lung lesions compared to rats administered CWAAP-A, however, there was no difference in pulmonary lesions in the CWAAP-A and CWAAP-B exposed rats examined 18 weeks after administration of these materials. CONCLUSIONS The present study reports our findings on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary disease in rats after workplace-relevant inhalation exposure to CWAAP-A. This study also demonstrates that the lung pathogenesis of rats exposed to CWAAP-A by systemic inhalation was qualitatively similar to that of rats administered CWAAP-A by intratracheal instillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Yamano
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0015, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Takeda
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0015, Japan.
| | - Yuko Goto
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Hirai
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Yusuke Furukawa
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kikuchi
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Kyohei Misumi
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Masaaki Suzuki
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Kenji Takanobu
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Hideki Senoh
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Misae Saito
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Hitomi Kondo
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kobashi
- grid.416952.d0000 0004 0378 4277Department of Pathology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Nara 632-8552 Japan
| | - Kenzo Okamoto
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Department of Pathology, Hokkaido Chuo Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Iwamizawa, Hokkaido 068-0004 Japan
| | - Takumi Kishimoto
- Director of Research and Training Center for Asbestos-Related Diseases, Okayama, Okayama 702-8055 Japan
| | - Yumi Umeda
- grid.505713.50000 0000 8626 1412Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-0015 Japan
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18
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Yang L, Fan L, Yin Z, Liu Y, Zhao D, Wang Z, Cheng H. EWSR1::SMAD3-rearranged fibroblastic tumor: A case with twice recurrence and literature review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1017310. [PMID: 36591513 PMCID: PMC9798226 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1017310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EWSR1::SMAD3-rearranged fibroblastic tumor is a recently described entity that mostly occurs in acral locations. Only 15 cases have been reported in the English literature, with a wide age range and marked female predominance. The most common sites are the foot, followed by the hand and the distal lower leg. There are four cases that recurred locally during 5-120 months of follow-up, with no metastases to date. Herein, we presented a case of EWSR1::SMAD3-rearranged fibroblastic tumor that recurred twice in a 20-year-old man. The patient presented with a second recurrent painful nodule in the left plantar of the second toe. Grossly, the lesion was pale solid and well-defined, measuring 9 × 8 × 9 mm in size. Histological examination revealed a monomorphic spindle cell tumor composed of cellular fascicles of bland fibroblasts in a collagenous to myxoid stroma with low mitotic activity, which evoked a wide spectrum of differential diagnoses. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were diffusely and strongly positive for ERG while negative for S100, α-SMA, CD34, and other vascular markers. An unbalanced rearrangement of EWSR1 was demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and a gene fusion between EWSR1 exon 7 and SMAD3 exon 6 was confirmed by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. This case recurred twice within 6 years with no sign of further relapse and metastasis at another 9-month follow-up since the last surgery, indicating that this tumor was benign but prone to local recurrence. Nevertheless, more cases and further studies are needed to better interpret the biological behavior of this new entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Linni Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Zhiyong Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Yixiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Danhui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Hong Cheng, ; Zhe Wang,
| | - Hong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Hong Cheng, ; Zhe Wang,
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19
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Long Y, Chong T, Lyu X, Chen L, Luo X, Faleti OD, Deng S, Wang F, He M, Qian Z, Zhao H, Zhou W, Guo X, Chen C, Li X. FOXD1-dependent RalA-ANXA2-Src complex promotes CTC formation in breast cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:301. [PMID: 36229838 PMCID: PMC9558416 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early metastasis is a key factor contributing to poor breast cancer (BC) prognosis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are regarded as the precursor cells of metastasis, which are ultimately responsible for the main cause of death in BC. However, to date molecular mechanisms underlying CTC formation in BC have been insufficiently defined. METHODS RNA-seq was carried out in primary tissues from early-stage BC patients (with CTCs≥5 and CTCs = 0, respectively) and the validation study was conducted in untreated 80 BC patients. Multiple in vitro and in vivo models were used in functional studies. Luciferase reporter, ChIP-seq, CUT&Tag-seq, and GST-pulldown, etc. were utilized in mechanistic studies. CTCs were counted by the CanPatrol™ CTC classification system or LiquidBiospy™ microfluidic chips. ERK1/2 inhibitor SCH772984 was applied to in vivo treatment. RESULTS Highly expressed FOXD1 of primary BC tissues was observed to be significantly associated with increased CTCs in BC patients, particularly in early BC patients. Overexpressing FOXD1 enhanced the migration capability of BC cells, CTC formation and BC metastasis, via facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells. Mechanistically, FOXD1 was discovered to induce RalA expression by directly bound to RalA promotor. Then, RalA formed a complex with ANXA2 and Src, promoting the interaction between ANXA2 and Src, thus increasing the phosphorylation (Tyr23) of ANXA2. Inhibiting RalA-GTP form attenuated the interaction between ANXA2 and Src. This cascade culminated in the activation of ERK1/2 signal that enhanced metastatic ability of BC cells. In addition, in vivo treatment with SCH772984, a specific inhibitor of ERK1/2, was used to dramatically inhibit the CTC formation and BC metastasis. CONCLUSION Here, we report a FOXD1-dependent RalA-ANXA2-Src complex that promotes CTC formation via activating ERK1/2 signal in BC. FOXD1 may serve as a prognostic factor in evaluation of BC metastasis risks. This signaling cascade is druggable and effective for overcoming CTC formation from the early stages of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Long
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Tuotuo Chong
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoming Lyu
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of laboratory medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Lujia Chen
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Breast Center, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Oluwasijibomi Damola Faleti
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of laboratory medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simin Deng
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of laboratory medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Fei Wang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Mingliang He
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhipeng Qian
- Guangzhou SaiCheng Bio Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Hongli Zhao
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Xia Guo
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan China ,grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan China ,grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Xin Li
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, The Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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20
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Stewart VD, Cadieux J, Thulasiram MR, Douglas TC, Drewnik DA, Selamat S, Lao Y, Spicer V, Hannila SS. Myelin‐associated glycoprotein alters the neuronal secretome and stimulates the release of
TGFβ
and proteins that affect neural plasticity. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2952-2973. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa D. Stewart
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Justine Cadieux
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Matsya R. Thulasiram
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Tinsley Claire Douglas
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Dennis A. Drewnik
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Suhaila Selamat
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Ying Lao
- Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology University of Manitoba Room 799, John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Avenue R3E 3P4 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Victor Spicer
- Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology University of Manitoba Room 799, John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Avenue R3E 3P4 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Sari S. Hannila
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science University of Manitoba Room 130, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
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21
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Zhu Y, Lin X, Zhou X, Prochownik EV, Wang F, Li Y. Posttranslational control of lipogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:120. [PMID: 36038892 PMCID: PMC9422141 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment typically occurs in response to increased nutritional, translation and proliferative demands. Altered lipid metabolism is a marker of tumor progression that is frequently observed in aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. Underlying these abnormal metabolic behaviors are posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of lipid metabolism-related enzymes and other factors that can impact their activity and/or subcellular localization. This review focuses on the roles of these PTMs and specifically on how they permit the re-wiring of cancer lipid metabolism, particularly within the context of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xingrong Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Edward V Prochownik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Pittsburgh Liver Research Center and The Hillman Cancer Center of UPMC, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Youjun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. .,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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22
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Li L, Wang Q, He Y, Sun L, Yang Y, Pang X. Astragaloside IV suppresses migration and invasion of TGF-β 1-induced human hepatoma HuH-7 cells by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TGF-β 1/Smad3 pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:397-405. [PMID: 35092472 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02199-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), one of the major compounds extract from Astragalus membranaceus, has shown attractive anti-cancer effects in certain malignancies. Oxidative stress (OS) is considered as a crucial factor in promoting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In response to OS, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) upregulates and induces heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) to combat oxidative damages. The phosphorylation of the COOH-terminal of Smad3 (pSmad3C) activates p21 to resist HCC progression, while the phosphorylation of the linker region of Smad3 (pSmad3L) up-regulates c-Myc transcription to exert promoting effect towards HCC. This study aimed to explore whether AS-IV suppresses migration and invasion of human hepatoma HuH-7 cells by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways. HuH-7 cells were induced with TGF-β1 (9 or 40 pM) to establish HCC model in vitro and pretreated with AS-IV at different concentration (5, 10, and 20 μM) for 24 h. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) of HuH-7 cells were measured. The expression of Nrf2, pSmad3C, Nrf2/pNrf2, HO-1, pSmad3C/3L, c-Myc, and p21 were detected. Exposure of HuH-7 cells to TGF-β1 enhanced the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and ROS production. Pretreatment with AS-IV (5, 10, and 20 μM) significantly reduced the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and ROS production in HuH-7 cells. Furthermore, AS-IV increased the expressions of Nrf2/pNrf2, HO-1, pSmad3C, and p21, meanwhile reduced the expressions of pSmad3L and c-Myc. In conclusion, our study suggested that AS-IV inhibit HuH-7 cells migration and invasion, which related to activate Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, up-regulation pSmad3C/p21 pathway, and down-regulation pSmad3L/c-Myc pathway. The present research supports the notion that AS-IV may be a latent agent for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yinghao He
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Liangjie Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiaonan Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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23
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Han G, Wang Y, Liu T, Gao J, Duan F, Chen M, Yang Y, Wu C. Salvianolic acid B acts against non‑small cell lung cancer A549 cells via inactivation of the MAPK and Smad2/3 signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:184. [PMID: 35348194 PMCID: PMC8985201 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a potential cytotoxic polyphenol against cancer. In the present study the effect of Sal B and its molecular mechanism were investigated in the non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cell line. The TGF‑β/MAPK/Smad signaling axis was explored. A549 cells were co‑cultured with and without different concentrations of Sal B (25, 50 and 100 µM respectively) and TGF‑β1 (9 pM) for 24 h. Cell epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, cell cycle distribution, autophagy and apoptosis were assessed by western blotting (WB), wound healing assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Moreover, activation of MAPK, Smad2/3 and the downstream target, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI‑1), were assessed by WB. The results demonstrated that Sal B inhibited TGF‑β1‑induced EMT and migration of A549 cells, hampered cell cycle progression and induced cell autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, Sal B inactivated MAPK signaling pathways and the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, especially the phosphorylation of Smad3 at the linker region, which resulted in decreased protein expression levels of PAI‑1 in TGF‑β1‑stimulated A549 cells. Overall, these results demonstrated that Sal B may have a potential therapeutic effect against NSCLC in vitro. The results of the present study indicated that the underlying active mechanism of Sal B in NSCLC may be closely related to the impeded activation of the MAPK and Smad2/3 signaling pathways. Therefore, Sal B may be a potential candidate NSCLC therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jiarong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Fengyi Duan
- Department of Spleen and Stomach, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
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24
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Sato F, Bhawal UK, Osaki S, Sugiyama N, Oikawa K, Muragaki Y. Differential immunohistochemical expression of DEC1, CK‑1ε, and CD44 in oral atypical squamous epithelium and carcinoma in situ. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:159. [PMID: 35266015 PMCID: PMC8941534 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Presence of nuclear atypia during histological investigation is often a cause of concern for pathologists while identifying tumor and non-tumor cells in a biopsy sample of oral mucosa. Nuclear atypia is observed in severe inflammation, ulcers and reactive changes. Therefore, additional methods, such as immunohistochemistry, may help precise diagnosis. When the atypia is suggestive of tumorous or reactive origin, the lesion is diagnosed as atypical squamous epithelium (ASE). When there is severe nuclear atypia in the mucosa, such as in disorders of nuclear polarity, large nuclei, and clear nucleolus, the lesion is diagnosed as carcinoma in situ (CIS). However, it is not easy to distinguish ASE and CIS using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The present study aimed to distinguish ASE from CIS using immunohistochemistry. A total of 32 biopsy samples of either ASE or CIS cases were selected and the level of casein kinase 1ε (CK-1ε), differentiated embryonic chondrocyte gene 1 (DEC1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD44, which are four protein markers which have been previously linked to cancer progression, were analyzed. CK-1ε and CD44 expression was higher in CIS samples than in ASE samples. However, DEC1 expression was lower in CIS samples than in ASE samples. PCNA expression was not markedly different between the two groups. Additionally, it was found that DEC1-overexpressing cells had decreased levels of CK-1ε and CD44 compared with control cells, while CK-1ε-overexpressing cells had relatively unchanged levels of CD44, DEC1 and PCNA. These results suggested that DEC1 negatively regulates the expression of CK-1ε and CD44. Thus, DEC1, CK-1ε, and CD44 were identified as mechanistically linked and clinically relevant protein biomarkers, which could help distinguish ASE and CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuki Sato
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto‑gun, Shizuoka 411‑8777, Japan
| | - Ujjal K Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271‑8587, Japan
| | - Shoko Osaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
| | - Nao Sugiyama
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
| | - Kosuke Oikawa
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Muragaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
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25
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Chaperone-mediated Autophagy Regulates Cell Growth by Targeting SMAD3 in Glioma. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:637-651. [PMID: 35267139 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that the reduction of SMAD3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) has a great impact on tumor development, but its exact pathological function remains unclear. In this study, we found that the protein level of SMAD3 was greatly reduced in human-grade IV glioblastoma tissues, in which LAMP2A (lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A) was significantly up-regulated. LAMP2A is a key rate-limiting protein of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a lysosome pathway of protein degradation that is activated in glioma. We carefully analyzed the amino-acid sequence of SMAD3 and found that it contained a pentapeptide motif biochemically related to KFERQ, which has been proposed to be a targeting sequence for CMA. In vitro, we confirmed that SMAD3 was degraded in either serum-free or KFERQ motif deleted condition, which was regulated by LAMP2A and interacted with HSC70 (heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein). Using isolated lysosomes, amino-acid residues 75 and 128 of SMAD3 were found to be of importance for this process, which affected the CMA pathway in which SMAD3 was involved. Similarly, down-regulating SMAD3 or up-regulating LAMP2A in cultured glioma cells enhanced their proliferation and invasion. Taken together, these results suggest that excessive activation of CMA regulates glioma cell growth by promoting the degradation of SMAD3. Therefore, targeting the SMAD3-LAMP2A-mediated CMA-lysosome pathway may be a promising approach in anti-cancer therapy.
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26
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The Bright and the Dark Side of TGF-β Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms, Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040940. [PMID: 35205692 PMCID: PMC8870127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is a preeminent regulator of diverse cellular and physiological processes. Frequent dysregulation of TGF-β signaling has been implicated in cancer. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, the autocrine and paracrine effects of TGF-β have paradoxical implications. While acting as a potent tumor suppressor pathway in the early stages of malignancy, TGF-β diverts to a promoter of tumor progression in the late stages, reflecting its bright and dark natures, respectively. Within this context, targeting TGF-β represents a promising therapeutic option for HCC treatment. We discuss here the molecular properties of TGF-β signaling in HCC, attempting to provide an overview of its effects on tumor cells and the stroma. We also seek to evaluate the dysregulation mechanisms that mediate the functional switch of TGF-β from a tumor suppressor to a pro-tumorigenic signal. Finally, we reconcile its biphasic nature with the therapeutic implications. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with genetic and nongenetic aberrations that impact multiple genes and pathways, including the frequently dysregulated transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. The regulatory cytokine TGF-β and its signaling effectors govern a broad spectrum of spatiotemporally regulated molecular and cellular responses, yet paradoxically have dual and opposing roles in HCC progression. In the early stages of tumorigenesis, TGF-β signaling enforces profound tumor-suppressive effects, primarily by inducing cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, as the tumor advances in malignant progression, TGF-β functionally switches to a pro-tumorigenic signal, eliciting aggressive tumor traits, such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and immune evasion of cancer cells. On this account, the inhibition of TGF-β signaling is recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced HCC. In this review, we evaluate the functions and mechanisms of TGF-β signaling and relate its complex and pleiotropic biology to HCC pathophysiology, attempting to provide a detailed perspective on the molecular determinants underlying its functional diversion. We also address the therapeutic implications of the dichotomous nature of TGF-β signaling and highlight the rationale for targeting this pathway for HCC treatment, alone or in combination with other agents.
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Chukwudebe O, Brown RA. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR UPDATES IN CUTANEOUS SOFT TISSUE NEOPLASMS. Semin Diagn Pathol 2022; 39:257-264. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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De Vito R, Bellio R, Trippa L, Parmigiani G. Bayesian multistudy factor analysis for high-throughput biological data. Ann Appl Stat 2021. [DOI: 10.1214/21-aoas1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruggero Bellio
- Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Udine
| | - Lorenzo Trippa
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute
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Wang X, Liu T, Huang Y, Dai Y, Lin H. Regulation of transforming growth factor-β signalling by SUMOylation and its role in fibrosis. Open Biol 2021; 11:210043. [PMID: 34753319 PMCID: PMC8580444 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is an abnormal healing process that only repairs the structure of an organ after injury and does not address damaged functions. The pathogenesis of fibrosis is multifactorial and highly complex; numerous signalling pathways are involved in this process, with the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway playing a central role. TGF-β regulates the generation of myofibroblasts and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating transcription and translation of downstream genes and precisely regulating fibrogenesis. The TGF-β signalling pathway can be modulated by various post-translational modifications, of which SUMOylation has been shown to play a key role. In this review, we focus on the function of SUMOylation in canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signalling and its role in fibrosis, providing promising therapeutic strategies for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- First Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Huang
- First Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Dai
- Second Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Zhang H, Wang W, Pi W, Bi N, DesRosiers C, Kong F, Cheng M, Yang L, Lautenschlaeger T, Jolly S, Jin J, Kong FM(S. Genetic Variations in the Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Pathway May Improve Predictive Power for Overall Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:599719. [PMID: 34307117 PMCID: PMC8294034 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.599719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), a known immune suppressor, plays an important role in tumor progression and overall survival (OS) in many types of cancers. We hypothesized that genetic variations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGF-β1 pathway can predict survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radiation therapy. Materials and Methods: Fourteen functional SNPs in the TGF-β1 pathway were measured in 166 patients with NSCLC enrolled in a multi-center clinical trial. Clinical factors, including age, gender, ethnicity, smoking status, stage group, histology, Karnofsky Performance Status, equivalent dose at 2 Gy fractions (EQD2), and the use of chemotherapy, were first tested under the univariate Cox's proportional hazards model. All significant clinical predictors were combined as a group of predictors named "Clinical." The significant SNPs under the Cox proportional hazards model were combined as a group of predictors named "SNP." The predictive powers of models using Clinical and Clinical + SNP were compared with the cross-validation concordance index (C-index) of random forest models. Results: Age, gender, stage group, smoking, histology, and EQD2 were identified as significant clinical predictors: Clinical. Among 14 SNPs, BMP2:rs235756 (HR = 0.63; 95% CI:0.42-0.93; p = 0.022), SMAD9:rs7333607 (HR = 2.79; 95% CI 1.22-6.41; p = 0.015), SMAD3:rs12102171 (HR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.46-1.00; p = 0.050), and SMAD4: rs12456284 (HR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.43-0.92; p = 0.016) were identified as powerful predictors of SNP. After adding SNP, the C-index of the model increased from 84.1 to 87.6% at 24 months and from 79.4 to 84.4% at 36 months. Conclusion: Genetic variations in the TGF-β1 pathway have the potential to improve the prediction accuracy for OS in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Weili Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Wenhu Pi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Institue of Enze Medical Health Academy, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Nan Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Colleen DesRosiers
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Fengchong Kong
- Michigan Medicine Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Monica Cheng
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Li Ka SHing Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tim Lautenschlaeger
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Shruti Jolly
- Michigan Medicine Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jianyue Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Feng-Ming (Spring) Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Li Ka SHing Medical School, Shenzhen, China
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Zheng C, Li R, Zheng S, Fang H, Xu M, Zhong L. LINC00174 Facilitates Cell Proliferation, Cell Migration and Tumor Growth of Osteosarcoma via Regulating the TGF-β/SMAD Signaling Pathway and Upregulating SSH2 Expression. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697773. [PMID: 34222341 PMCID: PMC8245779 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), a frequent malignant tumor which mainly occurs in the bone. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed in cancers, including OS. LncRNA long intergenic non-protein coding RNA (LINC00174) has been validated as an oncogene in several cancers. However, the role of LINC00174 in OS has not been explored. In our research, loss-of-function assays were conducted to explore the function of LINC00174 in OS cells. Then, we explored the downstream pathway of LINC00174 in OS cells. Bioinformatics, RNA pull-down and RIP experiments investigated the downstream mechanism of LINC00174 in OS cells. Finally, in vivo assays clarified the effect of LINC00174 on tumorigenesis. We found that LINC00174 was upregulated in OS tissues and cells. LINC00174 knockdown repressed OS cell growth. Mechanistically, LINC00174 knockdown suppressed the TGF-β/SMAD pathway. LINC00174 interacted with miR-378a-3p, and slingshot protein phosphatase 2 (SSH2) 3′UTR was targeted by miR-378a-3p in OS cells. Rescue assays showed that SSH2 upregulation or miR-378a-3p inhibition counteracted the inhibitory effect of LINC00174 depletion in OS cell growth. Additionally, LINC00174 depletion suppressed tumor growth in mice. In conclusion, LINC00174 promotes OS cellular malignancy and tumorigenesis via the miR-378a-3p/SSH2 axis and the TGF-β/SMAD pathway, which might provide a novel insight for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ronghang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongjuan Fang
- Department of Electric Diagnostic, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Li H, Shen X, Tong Y, Ji T, Feng Y, Tang Y, Mai R, Ye J, Que T, Luo X. Aggravation of hepatic ischemia‑reperfusion injury with increased inflammatory cell infiltration is associated with the TGF‑β/Smad3 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:580. [PMID: 34132369 PMCID: PMC8223105 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia‑reperfusion (IR) injury is a major challenge influencing the outcomes of hepatic transplantation. Transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) and its downstream gene, SMAD family member 3 (Smad3), have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatic injuries, such as hepatic fibrosis. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the role of the TGF‑β/Smad3 signaling pathway on hepatic injury induced by IR in vivo. In total, 20 129S2/SvPasCrl wild‑type (WT) mice were randomized into two groups; 10 mice underwent IR injury surgery and 10 mice were sham‑operated. Histopathological changes in liver tissues and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were examined to confirm hepatic injury caused by IR surgery. The expression levels of TGF‑β1, Smad3 and phosphorylated‑Smad3 (p‑Smad3) were detected via western blotting. Furthermore, a total of five Smad3‑/‑ 129S2/SvPasCrl mice (Smad3‑/‑ mice) and 10 Smad3+/+ littermates received IR surgery, while another five Smad3‑/‑ mice and 10 Smad3+/+ littermates received the sham operation. Histopathological changes in liver tissues and serum levels of ALT were then compared between the groups. Furthermore, hepatic apoptosis and inflammatory cell infiltration after IR were evaluated in the liver tissues of Smad3‑/‑ mice and Smad3+/+ mice. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of TGF‑β1, Smad3 and p‑Smad3 were elevated in hepatic tissue from WT mice after IR injury. Aggravated hepatic injury, increased apoptosis and enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration induced by hepatic IR injury were observed in the Smad3‑/‑ mice compared with in Smad3+/+ mice. Collectively, the current findings suggested that activation of the TGF‑β/Smad3 signaling pathway was present alongside the hepatic injury induced by IR. However, the TGF‑β/Smad3 signaling pathway may have an effect on protecting against liver tissue damage caused by IR injury in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technology Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technology Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Tong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technology Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Feng
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Tang
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rongyun Mai
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxiang Ye
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ting Que
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Gautron A, Bachelot L, Aubry M, Leclerc D, Quéméner AM, Corre S, Rambow F, Paris A, Tardif N, Leclair HM, Marin‐Bejar O, Coulouarn C, Marine J, Galibert M, Gilot D. CRISPR screens identify tumor-promoting genes conferring melanoma cell plasticity and resistance. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13466. [PMID: 33724679 PMCID: PMC8103100 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most genetic alterations that drive melanoma development and resistance to targeted therapy have been uncovered. In contrast, and despite their increasingly recognized contribution, little is known about the non-genetic mechanisms that drive these processes. Here, we performed in vivo gain-of-function CRISPR screens and identified SMAD3, BIRC3, and SLC9A5 as key actors of BRAFi resistance. We show that their expression levels increase during acquisition of BRAFi resistance and remain high in persister cells and during relapse. The upregulation of the SMAD3 transcriptional activity (SMAD3-signature) promotes a mesenchymal-like phenotype and BRAFi resistance by acting as an upstream transcriptional regulator of potent BRAFi-resistance genes such as EGFR and AXL. This SMAD3-signature predicts resistance to both current melanoma therapies in different cohorts. Critically, chemical inhibition of SMAD3 may constitute amenable target for melanoma since it efficiently abrogates persister cells survival. Interestingly, decrease of SMAD3 activity can also be reached by inhibiting the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), another druggable transcription factor governing SMAD3 expression level. Our work highlights novel drug vulnerabilities that can be exploited to develop long-lasting antimelanoma therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Gautron
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Laura Bachelot
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Marc Aubry
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
- Plateforme GEH, CNRS, InsermBIOSIT ‐ UMS 3480, US_S 018Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | | | - Anaïs M Quéméner
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Sébastien Corre
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Florian Rambow
- Department of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Anaïs Paris
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Nina Tardif
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Héloïse M Leclair
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
| | - Oskar Marin‐Bejar
- Department of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Jean‐Christophe Marine
- Department of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Marie‐Dominique Galibert
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et GénomiqueCHU RennesRennesFrance
| | - David Gilot
- CNRSIGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)‐UMR 6290Univ RennesRennesFrance
- Present address:
INSERM U1242Centre Eugène MarquisRennesFrance
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Luteolin and cancer metastasis suppression: focus on the role of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Med Oncol 2021; 38:66. [PMID: 33950369 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a physiological process that assumes a primary role in the induction of cancer metastasis. This results in increased cell renewal, and resistance to cell death and therapies. EMT, therefore, represents an effective strategy for regulating cancerous cell activity. A need for efficacy and low cytotoxicity epithelial to mesenchymal transition modifying drugs has led to the investigational testing of the efficacy of plethora of different groups of phytonutrients. Luteolin is a natural flavonoid inhibits the growth of cancer cells by various mechanisms, such as the stimulation of cancer cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell replication, tumor growth, improvement of drug resistance, prevention of cancer cell intrusiveness and metastasis. This review article focuses on the anti-cancer and anti-metastatic potential of luteolin targeting various transcription factors, markers and signaling pathways associated with the repression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
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Li Y, Wang P, Ye D, Bai X, Zeng X, Zhao Q, Zhang Z. IGHG1 induces EMT in gastric cancer cells by regulating TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:3458-3467. [PMID: 33995624 PMCID: PMC8120194 DOI: 10.7150/jca.56056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. IGHG1 is a differentially expressed protein screened out in gastric cancer in the early stage of the subject group. This topic explores the expression of IGHG1 in gastric cancer and the effect of IGHG1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells and its mechanism of action. Methods: Twenty cases of gastric cancer were purified by laser Capture Microdissection. The isotopic tags for relative and absolute quantification was used to label the proteins, and then analyzed and identified them by quantitative proteomics. Immunohistochemical staining method was used to detect the expression of IGHG1 protein in gastric cancer tissues. Western blot was used to detect the expression of IGHG1 in gastric cancer cells. The MTT and Petri dish clone formation experiment analyzed the effect of low expression of IGHG1 on the proliferation of SGC7901 cells. Scratch test and Transwell migration and invasion test to observe the effect of low expression of IGHG1 on the migration and invasion of SGC7901 cells. Western blot was used to detect the effect of low expression of IGHG1 on the expression of EMT-related proteins. Results: 243 proteins related to gastric mucosal lesions were preliminarily identified. We found that IGHG1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal control tissues. IGHG1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Compared with the control group, the expression of EMT-related proteins Vimentin, N-cadherin, TGF-β, P-SMAD3 was decreased and the expression of E-cadherin was increased after IGHG1 low expression. Conclusions: IGHG1 induces EMT in SGC7901 cells by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511500, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dongmei Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
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Zhang B, Zhang M, Li Q, Yang Y, Shang Z, Luo J. TPX2 mediates prostate cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition through CDK1 regulated phosphorylation of ERK/GSK3β/SNAIL pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 546:1-6. [PMID: 33556637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer with high Gleason grade is prone to metastasis, which is one of the factors that seriously threaten the survival of patients, and it is also a treatment difficulty. In this study, we first revealed the potential connection between TPX2 and prostate cancer metastasis. We found that TPX2 is highly expressed in high-grade prostate cancer and is significantly related to poor prognosis. Depletion of TPX2 can significantly inhibit cell activity and migration, and in vivo experiments show that knockdown of TPX2 can significantly inhibit tumor growth. In terms of mechanism, we found that knocking down TPX2 can inhibit the expression of CDK1, repress the phosphorylation of ERK/GSK3β/SNAIL signaling pathway, and thereby inhibit tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Subsequently, we found that after rescuing TPX2, all related proteins and phenotype changes were restored, and this effect can be inhibited by CDK1 inhibitor, RO-3306. Our findings suggest the potential of TPX2 as an important target in anti-tumor metastasis therapy, which is conducive to precision medicine for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Mingpeng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Qi Li
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
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Chen Z, Xiang L, Hu Z, Ou H, Liu X, Yu L, Chen W, Jiang L, Yu Q, Fang Y, Xu Y, Liu Q, Huang Y, Li X, Yang D. Epigenetically silenced linc00261 contributes to the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via inducing the deficiency of FOXA2 transcription. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:277-296. [PMID: 33520374 PMCID: PMC7840721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In recent decades, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted increasing attention and have been reported to play important roles in human cancers, making them ideal candidates for precise disease assessment and treatment. Our previous study found that the loss of linc00261 was significantly correlated with the malignant biological behaviors of HCC, particularly MVI, and serves as an excellent independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival. In this study, our in-depth research demonstrated that linc00261 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver cancer cells, thereby suppressing migration, invasion, and the formation of lung metastatic lesions. Moreover, linc00261 and its neighbor gene FOXA2 were positively correlated in HCC, the gain- and loss-of-function analyses indicated that linc00261 transcriptionally promotes the expression of FOXA2. Additionally, bioinformatic analysis and rescue assays confirmed that linc00261 partially suppresses migration, invasion, and EMT by upregulating FOXA2 expression. Molecular mechanism studies showed that linc00261 transcriptionally upregulates FOXA2 in cis by recruiting SMAD3. Finally, we identified EZH2 is responsible for linc00261 transcription repression via modulating trimethylation of H3K27 at Lys27 (H3K27Me3), both EZH2 and H3K27Me3 were negatively correlated with linc00261 expression in HCC. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated a crucial role of linc00261 in HCC metastasis, and that EZH2/linc00261/FOXA2 axis might reveal potential prognostic factors and be applied as therapeutic targets for HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjun Chen
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Shenzhen, Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518101, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Leyang Xiang
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huohui Ou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde)Foshan 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Foresea Life Insurance Guangzhou General HospitalGuangzhou 511356, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wancheng Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiangfeng Yu
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yinghao Fang
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuyan Xu
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xianghong Li
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dinghua Yang
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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Huang CY, Chung CL, Hu TH, Chen JJ, Liu PF, Chen CL. Recent progress in TGF-β inhibitors for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111046. [PMID: 33341049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in proliferation, metastasis, and many other important processes in malignancy. Inhibitors targeting TGF-β have been considered by pharmaceutical companies for cancer therapy, and some of them are in clinical trial now. Unfortunately, several of these programs have recently been relinquished, and most companies that remain in the contest are progressing slowly and cautiously. This review summarizes the TGF-β signal transduction pathway, its roles in oncogenesis and fibrotic diseases, and advancements in antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors of TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Ling Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung-Hui Hu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan ROC; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan ROC.
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Lam KK, Sethi R, Tan G, Tomar S, Lo M, Loi C, Tang CL, Tan E, Lai PS, Cheah PY. The orphan nuclear receptor
NR0B2
could be a novel susceptibility locus associated with microsatellite‐stable,
APC
mutation‐negative early‐onset colorectal carcinomas with metabolic manifestation. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2020; 60:61-72. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuen Kuen Lam
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - Raman Sethi
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Grace Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Swati Tomar
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Michelle Lo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - Carol Loi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - Choong Leong Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - Emile Tan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - Poh San Lai
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
| | - Peh Yean Cheah
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Singapore Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Duke‐NUS Medical School National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
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Gu Y, Zhang B, Gu G, Yang X, Qian Z. Metformin Increases the Chemosensitivity of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Gemcitabine by Reversing EMT Through Regulation DNA Methylation of miR-663. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10417-10429. [PMID: 33116621 PMCID: PMC7569251 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s261570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is a devastating malignancy with poor prognosis. Metformin, a classic anti-diabetes drug, seems to improve survival of pancreatic cancer patients in some studies. Methods Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the BxPC-3 and MIAPaCa-2 cell viability after treatment with gemcitabine only or with different concentrations of metformin. The methylation state and expression level of miR-663 were detected by methylation analysis and RT-PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis, Western blot and RT-PCR were used to confirm the target of miR-663. Moreover, xenograft experiment was also performed to validate the role of metformin in chemosensitivity in vivo. Results We found that metformin increased the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress caused by gemcitabine was suppressed by metformin. We further explored the possible molecular mechanisms and it was demonstrated that CpG islands of miR-663 were hypomethylated and relative expression level of miR-663 was up-regulated after treatment of metformin. miR-663, an important cancer suppressor miRNA, was confirmed to increase the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells by reversing EMT directly targeted TGF-β1. Moreover, we identified that metformin increased the chemosensitivity through up-regulating expression of miR-663. Conclusion We demonstrated that metformin increased the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine by reversing EMT through regulation DNA methylation of miR-663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Gu
- Pancreas Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Pancreas Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangliang Gu
- Pancreas Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Pancreas Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuyin Qian
- Pancreas Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China
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Norcantharidin protects against renal interstitial fibrosis by suppressing TWEAK-mediated Smad3 phosphorylation. Life Sci 2020; 260:118488. [PMID: 32979359 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the role and mechanism of action of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in the pathogenesis of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF), and its involvement in the anti-RIF effect of norcantharidin (NCTD). MAIN METHODS Mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction and BUMPT mouse proximal tubular cells exposed to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were used as in vivo and in vitro models of RIF, respectively. NCTD was administered to mice by intraperitoneal injection (0.075 mg kg-1·day-1). Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to assess pathologic changes in the kidney. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time PCR were performed to evaluate the expression of TWEAK and the fibrotic factors fibronectin (FN) and collagen type I (Col-I). The role of TWEAK in RIF and in the anti-RIF effect of NCTD was evaluated by TWEAK overexpression and neutralization with a specific antibody, and specific inhibitor of Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)3 (SIS3) was used to examine the involvement of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling. KEY FINDINGS TWEAK was mainly expressed in renal tubules in mice; the level was markedly elevated in both in vivo and in vitro RIF models. TWEAK overexpression in BUMPT cells increased the levels of phosphorylated Smad3, FN, and Col-I, which were reduced by treatment with SIS3. NCTD suppressed FN and Col-I expression by blocking TWEAK-mediated Smad3 phosphorylation. SIGNIFICANCE Upregulation of TWEAK contributes to RIF by promoting Smad3 phosphorylation, while NCTD inhibits this process.
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Sun J, Hao L, Shi H. Associations between the concentrations of CD68, TGF-β1, renal injury index and prognosis in glomerular diseases. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:56. [PMID: 32952646 PMCID: PMC7485300 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between the concentrations of CD68, TGF-β1, renal injury index and prognosis in glomerular diseases. Altogether 218 patients with glomerular diseases admitted to Weifang People's Hospital from January, 2014 to March, 2017 were used as the study group. A total of 100 healthy individuals who visited Weifang People's Hospital for a physical examination during the same time period were used as the control group. The levels of CD68 in peripheral blood obtained from the 2 groups of subjects were detected by flow cytometry, and the expression of TGF-β1 in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The concentrations of CD68 and TGF-β1 between the 2 groups were compared. The correlation between the concentrations of CD68, TGF-β1 and renal injury indexes in the study group was analyzed, as well as prognostic significance. The diagnostic value of CD68 and TGF-β1 in patients with glomerular disease was analyzed using a ROC curve, and the recovery of the patients was observed. The serum concentrations of CD68 and TGF-β1 in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The concentrations of CD68 and TGF-β1 in the study group positively correlated with the renal injury indexes, such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCR), uric acid (UA) and the 24-h urinary protein quantity (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve of CD68 and TGF-β1 as regards the diagnostic value in patients with glomerular disease was 0.808 and 0.738, respectively, while the area under the combined detection curve was 0.866. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that the clinical classification and the concentrations of CD68 and TGF-β1 were independent prognostic factors in the study group. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that clinical classification, and the CD68 and TGF-β1 concentrations are independent prognostic factors for patients with glomerular disease. CD68 and TGF-β1 have certain value in the diagnosis of glomerular diseases, and may thus be used as predictors of the diagnosis and recovery of glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshu Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Lihai Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Hu B, Zhou Y, Sun D, Yang Y, Liu Y, Li X, Li H, Chen L. PROTACs: New method to degrade transcription regulating proteins. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112698. [PMID: 32858471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transcription is the fundamental process in all living organisms. A variety of important proteins, such as NRs, BETs, HDACs and many others are involved in transcription process. In general, overexpression of these proteins would cause many diseases. Some approved therapeutics employed inhibitors to regulate the transcription process, however, the results are far from satisfying. Therefore, it is in high demand to develop new technology to improve the therapeutic effects. In recent years, proteolysis-targeting chimaera (PROTAC) turned out to be a novel efficient therapeutic method to treat various diseases which were caused by proteins overexpression. PROTAC molecules are bifunctional small molecules that simultaneously bind a target protein and an E3-ubiquitin ligase, thus causing ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the target protein by the proteasome. In contrast to traditional inhibitors, PROTACs showed higher efficiency to tackle the diseases which were caused by protein overexpression due to their excellent performance for degrading target proteins in transcription regulation. In this review, 29 kinds of PROTACs targeting transcription regulator proteins are summarized, and meanwhile the advantages of PROTACs are highlighted. Furthermore, several examples of PROTACs regulating the transcription for the treatment of diseases and functioning as tools for biological research are also disscussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beichen Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yirong Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yueying Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xingzhou Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, PR China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling Pathways Cooperate To Mediate Chlamydia Pathogenesis. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00819-19. [PMID: 31964750 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00819-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human genital Chlamydia infection is a major public health concern due to the serious reproductive system complications. Chlamydia binds several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) on host cells, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and activates cellular signaling cascades for host invasion, cytoskeletal remodeling, optimal inclusion development, and induction of pathogenic epithelial-mesenchyme transition (EMT). Chlamydia also upregulates transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression, whose signaling pathway synergizes with the EGFR cascade, but its role in infectivity, inclusions, and EMT induction is unknown. We hypothesized that the EGFR and TGF-β signaling pathways cooperate during chlamydial infection for optimal inclusion development and stable EMT induction. The results revealed that Chlamydia upregulated TGF-β expression as early as 6 h postinfection of epithelial cells and stimulated both the EGFR and TGF-β signaling pathways. Inhibition of either the EGFR or TGF-βR1 signaling substantially reduced inclusion development; however, the combined inhibition of both EGFR and TGF-βR1 signaling reduced inclusions by over 90% and prevented EMT induction. Importantly, EGFR inhibition suppressed TGF-β expression, and an inhibitory thrombospondin-1 (Tsp1)-based peptide inhibited chlamydia-induced EMT, revealing a major source of active TGF-β during infection. Finally, TGF-βR signaling inhibition suppressed the expression of transforming acidic coiled-coil protein-3 (TACC3), which stabilizes EGFR signaling, suggesting reciprocal regulation between TGF-β and EGFR signaling during chlamydial infection. Thus, RTK-mediated host invasion by chlamydia upregulated TGF-β expression and signaling, which cooperated with other cellular signaling cascades and cytoskeletal remodeling to support optimal inclusion development and EMT induction. This finding may provide new targets for chlamydial disease biomarkers and prevention.
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Richardson LS, Taylor RN, Menon R. Reversible EMT and MET mediate amnion remodeling during pregnancy and labor. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/618/eaay1486. [PMID: 32047115 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aay1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The amnion is remodeled during pregnancy to protect the growing fetus it contains, and it is particularly dynamic just before and during labor. By combining ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and Western blotting analyses, we found that human and mouse amnion membranes during labor were subject to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway responding to oxidative stress. Primary human amnion epithelial cell cultures established from amnion membranes from nonlaboring, cesarean section deliveries exhibited EMT after exposure to oxidative stress, and the pregnancy maintenance hormone progesterone (P4) reversed this process. Oxidative stress or transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulated EMT in a manner that depended on TGF-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 1 (TAB1) and p38 MAPK. P4 stimulated the reverse transition, MET, in primary human amnion mesenchymal cells (AMCs) through progesterone receptor membrane component 2 (PGRMC2) and c-MYC. Our results indicate that amnion membrane cells dynamically transition between epithelial and mesenchymal states to maintain amnion integrity and repair membrane damage, as well as in response to inflammation and mechanical damage to protect the fetus until parturition. An irreversible EMT and the accumulation of AMCs characterize the amnion membranes at parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Ma N, Teng X, Zheng Q, Chen P. The regulatory mechanism of p38/MAPK in the chondrogenic differentiation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:434. [PMID: 31831024 PMCID: PMC6909593 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degradation and joint inflammation, in which growth factors are significantly involved. The extracellular signal-regulated p38 MAPK pathways play important roles in the regulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. METHODS In this study, the chondrogenic differentiation of human BMSCs was initiated in micromass culture in the presence of TGF-β1 for 14 days. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the transfection effect of shRNA-p38 interfering plasmid in BMSCs. The protein expressions of p/t-p38, SOX9, collagen II, Aggrecan, p/t-Smad1, and p/t-Smad4, as well as the kinase activities of p38/ERK/JNK pathway, were investigated using Western blot analysis. Additionally, the level of chondroitin sulfate and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) expression were measured by Alcian blue staining and GAG assay kit via qualitative and quantitative methods, respectively. RESULTS The results demonstrated that p38 pathway was activated in the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs induced by TGF-β1. Cartilage-specific genes and chondrogenic regulators, such as SOX9, collagen II, Aggrecan, and GAG, were upregulated by TGF-β1, which could be reversed by predisposed with shRNA-p38 interfering plasmid and p38-MAPK inhibitors (SB203580). Moreover, the activation of p38/ERK/JNK pathways in the presence of TGF-β1 was suppressed by shRNA-p38 and SB203580 treatment. CONCLUSION Collectively, the activation of p38/ERK/JNK/Smad pathways plays a facilitated role in the chondrogenic differentiation induced by TGF-β1. After suppressing the p38 pathway, the chondrogenesis can be inhibited, which can be used to guide the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Taizhou Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Taizhou University), No. 999 Donghai Avenue, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Taizhou Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Taizhou University), No. 999 Donghai Avenue, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Taizhou Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Taizhou University), No. 999 Donghai Avenue, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yan Cheng Third People's Hospital (Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College), No.2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China.
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Guo S, Li M, Li J, Lv Y. Inhibition mechanism of lung cancer cell metastasis through targeted regulation of Smad3 by miR-15a. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:1516-1522. [PMID: 31966076 PMCID: PMC6956405 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effect of targeted regulation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) by microRNA-15a (miR-15a) on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and its related mechanisms were investigated. Fifty pairs of NSCLC and para-cancerous tissues were collected to identify the expression level of miR-15a in NSCLC, para-cancerous tissue, and cell lines A549, H1299, H1975 and BEAS-2B by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR); A549 cells were transfected with miR-15a mimic; the MTT assay was performed to detect the role of miR-15a transfection in proliferation of A549 cells, the wound healing assay was carried out to identify the role of miR-15a in migration of A549 cells; Transwell invasion assay was conducted to analyze the role of miR-15a in invasion of A549 cells; western blotting was carried out to find the effect of miR-15a on Smad3 expression, and Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between miR-15a and Smad3 expression. NSCLC tissues and cells showed significantly lower miR-15a expression, compared with para-cancerous tissues and normal cell lines (P=0.023). miR-15a was significantly more expressed in A549 cells transfected with miR-15a mimic (P=0.043). Overexpression of miR-15a can significantly inhibit A549 cell proliferation (P=0.038), migration (P=0.033) and invasion (P=0.025), and significantly reduced the expression level of Smad3 (P=0.031) in A549 cells. Spearman's rank correlation showed negative correlation of miR-15a expression with Smad3, which may indicate negative regulation (r=−0.34, P<0.0001). Inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells can be achieved with targeted regulation of Smad3 by miR-15a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Forth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine Ward IV, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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Wang H, Kuang Y, Li J, Shen R, Sun R, Huang D, Sheng Z, Shi J, Zhang M, Huang F, Yang H, Fei J. Dnmt3a is required for the tumor stemness of B16 melanoma cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:945-952. [PMID: 31435645 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship of carcinogenesis and DNA methyltransferases has attracted extensive attention in tumor research. We reported previously that inhibition of de novo DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) in murine B16 melanoma cells significantly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in xenografted mouse model. Here, we further demonstrated that knockdown of Dnmt3a enhanced the proliferation in anchor-independent conditions of B16 cells, but severely disrupted its multipotent differentiation capacity in vitro. Furthermore, transforming growth factor β1, a key trigger in stem cell differentiation and tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mainly induced apoptosis, but not EMT in Dnmt3a-deficient B16 cells. These data suggested that Dnmt3a is required for maintaining the tumor stemness of B16 cells and it assists B16 cells to escape from death during cell differentiation. Thus it is hypothesized that not only extraordinary self-renewal ability, but also the capacity of multipotent differentiation is necessary for the melanoma tumorigenesis. Inhibition of multipotent differentiation of tumor cells may shed light on the tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ying Kuang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms/Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms/Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruling Shen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms/Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruilin Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms/Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Danyi Huang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms/Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhejin Sheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fang Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, The Institutes of Brain Science and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jian Fei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms/Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
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Girolami I, Veronese N, Smith L, Caruso MG, Reddavide R, Leandro G, Demurtas J, Nottegar A. The Activation Status of the TGF-β Transducer Smad2 Is Associated with a Reduced Survival in Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153831. [PMID: 31387321 PMCID: PMC6695973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant function of Smad2, a crucial member of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling, is associated with the development of malignancies, particularly in the gastrointestinal district. However, little is known about its possible prognostic role in such tumor types. With the first meta-analysis on this topic, we demonstrated that the lack of the activated form of Smad2 (phosphor-Smad2 or pSmad2), which was meant to be the C-terminally phosphorylated form, showed a statistically significant association with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with gastrointestinal cancers (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.05–2.37, p = 0.029, I2 = 84%), also after having adjusted for potential confounders (RR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.24–2.18; p < 0.001; I2 = 4%). This finding highlights the importance of the TGF-β signaling in this type of cancer. In this line, further studies are needed to explore more in depth this important molecular pathway, focusing also on potential therapeutic strategies based on its effectors or molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Girolami
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Maria G Caruso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Reddavide
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Leandro
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Primary Care Department, Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, 58100 Grosseto, Italy
| | - Alessia Nottegar
- Department of Diagnostics, Section of Pathology, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.
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50
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EWSR1-SMAD3 positive fibroblastic tumor. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 110:104291. [PMID: 31376366 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of EWSR1-SMAD3 positive fibroblastic tumor that occurred in a 24-year-old man who presented with a recurrent tumor in the dorsum of his right foot. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a subcutaneous nodule located in the third metatarsophalangeal joint region, measuring 10 × 8 × 5 mm in size. Histological examination revealed a monomorphic spindle cell tumor composed of cellular fascicles of bland fibroblasts with hyalinization. Immunohistochemically, the tumor showed diffuse nuclear staining of ERG. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assessment demonstrated an unbalanced rearrangement of the EWSR1 gene. Further next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis identified EWSR1-SMAD3 gene fusion. Molecular detection may be helpful for identifying new entities, in particular to those that lack lineage-specific differentiation by conventional pathological examinations.
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