1
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Velagapudi S, Karsai G, Karsai M, Mohammed SA, Montecucco F, Liberale L, Lee H, Carbone F, Adami GF, Yang K, Crucet M, Stein S, Paneni F, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Jang HD, Kraler S, Vdovenko D, Züllig RA, Camici GG, Kim HS, Laaksonen R, Gerber PA, Hornemann T, Akhmedov A, Lüscher TF. Inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis by sirtuin-1 improves beta-cell function and glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:1265-1278. [PMID: 38739545 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Dysregulated pro-apoptotic ceramide synthesis reduces β-cell insulin secretion, thereby promoting hyperglycaemic states that may manifest as T2D. Pro-apoptotic ceramides modulate insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance while being linked to poor CV outcomes. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a NAD + -dependent deacetylase that protects against pancreatic β-cell dysfunction; however, systemic levels are decreased in obese-T2D mice and may promote pro-apoptotic ceramide synthesis and hyperglycaemia. Herein, we aimed to assess the effects of restoring circulating SIRT1 levels to prevent metabolic imbalance in obese and diabetic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Circulating SIRT1 levels were reduced in obese-diabetic mice (db/db) as compared to age-matched non-diabetic db/+ controls. Restoration of SIRT1 plasma levels with recombinant murine SIRT1 for 4 weeks prevented body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and vascular function in mice models of obesity and T2D. Untargeted lipidomics revealed that SIRT1 restored insulin secretory function of β-cells by reducing synthesis and accumulation of pro-apoptotic ceramides. Molecular mechanisms involved direct binding to and deacetylation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by SIRT1 in β-cells, thereby decreasing the rate-limiting enzymes of sphingolipid synthesis SPTLC1/2 via AKT/NF-κB. Among patients with T2D, those with high baseline plasma levels of SIRT1 prior to metabolic surgery displayed restored β-cell function (HOMA2-β) and were more likely to have T2D remission during follow-up. CONCLUSION Acetylation of TLR4 promotes β-cell dysfunction via ceramide synthesis in T2D, which is blunted by systemic SIRT1 replenishment. Hence, restoration of systemic SIRT1 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to counteract toxic ceramide synthesis and mitigate CV complications of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Velagapudi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Gergely Karsai
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Karsai
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Hwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Adami
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Kangmin Yang
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Margot Crucet
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sokrates Stein
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Franceso Paneni
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Hyun-Duk Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Richard Arnold Züllig
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Finland Medical School, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Philipp A Gerber
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College and King's College, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Farooqi IS, Xu Y. Translational potential of mouse models of human metabolic disease. Cell 2024; 187:4129-4143. [PMID: 39067442 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Research in the last three decades has delivered a step-change in our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that regulate energy homeostasis, building on foundational discoveries in mouse models of metabolic disease. However, not all findings made in rodents have translated to humans, hampering drug discovery in this field. Here, we review how studies in mice and humans have informed our current framework for understanding energy homeostasis, discuss their challenges and limitations, and offer a perspective on how human studies may play an increasingly important role in the discovery of disease mechanisms and identification of therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Yong Xu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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3
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Shahwar D, Baqai S, Khan F, Khan MI, Javaid S, Hameed A, Raza A, Saleem Uddin S, Hazrat H, Rahman MH, Musharraf SG, Chotani MA. Proteomic Analysis of Rap1A GTPase Signaling-Deficient C57BL/6 Mouse Pancreas and Functional Studies Identify an Essential Role of Rap1A in Pancreas Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8013. [PMID: 39125590 PMCID: PMC11312117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ras-related Rap1A GTPase is implicated in pancreas β-cell insulin secretion and is stimulated by the cAMP sensor Epac2, a guanine exchange factor and activator of Rap1 GTPase. In this study, we examined the differential proteomic profiles of pancreata from C57BL/6 Rap1A-deficient (Null) and control wild-type (WT) mice with nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS to assess targets of Rap1A potentially involved in insulin regulation. We identified 77 overlapping identifier proteins in both groups, with 8 distinct identifier proteins in Null versus 56 distinct identifier proteins in WT mice pancreata. Functional enrichment analysis showed four of the eight Null unique proteins, ERO1-like protein β (Ero1lβ), triosephosphate isomerase (TP1), 14-3-3 protein γ, and kallikrein-1, were exclusively involved in insulin biogenesis, with roles in insulin metabolism. Specifically, the mRNA expression of Ero1lβ and TP1 was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in Null versus WT pancreata. Rap1A deficiency significantly affected glucose tolerance during the first 15-30 min of glucose challenge but showed no impact on insulin sensitivity. Ex vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) studies on isolated Null islets showed significantly impaired GSIS. Furthermore, in GSIS-impaired islets, the cAMP-Epac2-Rap1A pathway was significantly compromised compared to the WT. Altogether, these studies underscore an essential role of Rap1A GTPase in pancreas physiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durrey Shahwar
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Sadaf Baqai
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Faisal Khan
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.K.); (S.G.M.)
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal (H.E.J.) Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - M. Israr Khan
- Molecular Diabetology Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (M.I.K.); (M.H.R.)
| | - Shafaq Javaid
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Ziauddin College of Molecular Medicine, Ziauddin University, Clifton, Karachi 75600, Pakistan;
| | - Aisha Raza
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Sadaf Saleem Uddin
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Hina Hazrat
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
| | - M. Hafizur Rahman
- Molecular Diabetology Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (M.I.K.); (M.H.R.)
- Daffodil International University, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
- Dhaka International University, Satarkul, Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.K.); (S.G.M.)
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal (H.E.J.) Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Maqsood A. Chotani
- Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (D.S.); (S.B.); (S.J.); (A.R.); (S.S.U.); (H.H.)
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4
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Kolling LJ, Khan K, Wang R, Pierson SR, Hartman BD, Balasubramanian N, Guo DF, Rahmouni K, Marcinkiewcz CA. Interaction of serotonin/GLP-1 circuitry in a dual preclinical model for psychiatric disorders and metabolic dysfunction. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115951. [PMID: 38735240 PMCID: PMC11267813 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Isolation of rodents throughout adolescence is known to induce many behavioral abnormalities which resemble neuropsychiatric disorders. Separately, this paradigm has also been shown to induce long-term metabolic changes consistent with a pre-diabetic state. Here, we investigate changes in central serotonin (5-HT) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) neurobiology that dually accompany behavioral and metabolic outcomes following social isolation stress throughout adolescence. We find that adolescent-isolation mice exhibit elevated blood glucose levels, impaired peripheral insulin signaling, altered pancreatic function, and fattier body composition without changes in bodyweight. These mice further exhibited disruptions in sleep and enhanced nociception. Using bulk and spatial transcriptomic techniques, we observe broad changes in neural 5-HT, GLP-1, and appetitive circuits. We find 5-HT neurons of adolescent-isolation mice to be more excitable, transcribe fewer copies of Glp1r (mRNA; GLP-1 receptor), and demonstrate resistance to the inhibitory effects of the GLP-1R agonist semaglutide on action potential thresholds. Surprisingly, we find that administration of semaglutide, commonly prescribed to treat metabolic syndrome, induced deficits in social interaction in group-housed mice and rescued social deficits in isolated mice. Overall, we find that central 5-HT circuitry may simultaneously influence mental well-being and metabolic health in this model, via interactions with GLP-1 and proopiomelanocortin circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Kolling
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kanza Khan
- Psychological Sciences, Daemen University, Amherst, New York, USA
| | - Ruixiang Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Samantha R Pierson
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hartman
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Deng-Fu Guo
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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5
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Lam CHI, Zuo B, Chan HHL, Leung TW, Abokyi S, Catral KPC, Tse DYY. Coenzyme Q10 eyedrops conjugated with vitamin E TPGS alleviate neurodegeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction in the diabetic mouse retina. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1404987. [PMID: 38863499 PMCID: PMC11165046 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1404987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness and vision impairment worldwide and represents one of the most common complications among diabetic patients. Current treatment modalities for DR, including laser photocoagulation, intravitreal injection of corticosteroid, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents, target primarily vascular lesions. However, these approaches are invasive and have several limitations, such as potential loss of visual function, retinal scars and cataract formation, and increased risk of ocular hypertension, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and intraocular inflammation. Recent studies have suggested mitochondrial dysfunction as a pivotal factor leading to both the vascular and neural damage in DR. Given that Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a proven mitochondrial stabilizer with antioxidative properties, this study investigated the effect of CoQ10 eyedrops [in conjunction with vitamin E d-α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate (TPGS)] on DR-induced neurodegeneration using a type 2 diabetes mouse model (C57BLKsJ-db/db mice). Utilizing a comprehensive electroretinography protocol, supported by immunohistochemistry, our results revealed that topical application of CoQ10 eyedrops conjugated with vitamin E TPGS produced a neuroprotective effect against diabetic-induced neurodegeneration by preserving the function and histology of various retinal neural cell types. Compared to the control group, mice treated with CoQ10 exhibited thicker outer and inner nuclear layers, higher densities of photoreceptor, cone cell, and rod-bipolar cell dendritic boutons, and reduced glial reactivity and microglial cell density. Additionally, the CoQ10 treatment significantly alleviated retinal levels of MMP-9 and enhanced mitochondrial function. These findings provide further insight into the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of DR and suggest CoQ10 eyedrops, conjugated with vitamin E TPGS, as a potential complementary therapy for DR-related neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Hang-I Lam
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bing Zuo
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Henry Ho-Lung Chan
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz-Wing Leung
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Samuel Abokyi
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Dennis Yan-Yin Tse
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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6
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Srisutha J, Watari I, Akakura M, Watanabe M, Changsiripun C, Ono T. P2X7R and P2X4R expression of mice submandibular gland in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10855. [PMID: 38740782 PMCID: PMC11091137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic inflammatory disease that can compromise the functioning of various organs, including the salivary glands (SG). The purinergic system is one of the most important inflammatory pathways in T2DM condition, and P2X7R and P2X4R are the primary purinergic receptors in SG that regulate inflammatory homeostasis. This study aimed to evaluate P2X7R and P2X4R expression, and morphological changes in the submandibular gland (SMG) in T2DM. Twenty-four 5-week-old mice were randomly assigned to control (CON) and diabetes mellitus (DM) groups (n = 12 each). Body weight, diet, and blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. The histomorphology of the SMG and the expression of the P2X7R, and P2X7R was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) at 11 and 13 weeks of age. Our findings indicate a significant increase in food consumption, body weight, and blood glucose levels in the DM group. Although a significant increase in P2X7R and P2X4R expression was observed in the DM groups, the receptor location remained unchanged. We also observed a significant increase in the acinar area in the DM13w group, and a significant decrease in the ductal area in the DM11w and DM13w groups. Targeting purinergic receptors may offer novel therapeutic methods for diabetic complications.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mice
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Body Weight
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X4/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X4/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/genetics
- Streptozocin
- Submandibular Gland/metabolism
- Submandibular Gland/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiratchaya Srisutha
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo city, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Ippei Watari
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo city, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Masato Akakura
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo city, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Minami Watanabe
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo city, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Chidsanu Changsiripun
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo city, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
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7
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Elkoshi Z. TGF-β, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and TGF-β/Smad pathway reactivity regulate the link between allergic diseases, cancer risk, and metabolic dysregulations. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371753. [PMID: 38629073 PMCID: PMC11019030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The risk of cancer is higher in patients with asthma compared to those with allergic rhinitis for many types of cancer, except for certain cancers where a contrasting pattern is observed. This study offers a potential explanation for these observations, proposing that the premalignant levels of circulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), IL-1β, and IL-6 as well as the reactivity of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway at the specific cancer site, are crucial factors contributing to the observed disparities. Circulating TGF-β, IL- β and IL-6 levels also help clarify why asthma is positively associated with obesity, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and insulin resistance, whereas allergic rhinitis is negatively linked to these conditions. Furthermore, TGF-β/Smad pathway reactivity explains the dual impact of obesity, increasing the risk of certain types of cancer while offering protection against other types of cancer. It is suggested that the association of asthma with cancer and metabolic dysregulations is primarily linked to the subtype of neutrophilic asthma. A binary classification of TGF-β activity as either high (in the presence of IL-1β and IL-6) or low (in the presence or absence of IL-1β and IL-6) is proposed to differentiate between allergy patients prone to cancer and metabolic dysregulations and those less prone. Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, the two major metabolic pathways utilized by cells for energy exploitation, potentially underlie this dichotomous classification by reprogramming metabolic pathways in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeev Elkoshi
- Research and Development Department, Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Haifa, Israel
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8
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Gan T, Wang Q, Song Y, Shao M, Zhao Y, Guo F, Wei F, Fan X, Zhang W, Luo Y, Chen D, Wang S, Qin G. Canagliflozin improves fatty acid oxidation and ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells via FOXA1-CPT1A axis in diabetic kidney disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 582:112139. [PMID: 38128823 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a metabolic hallmark of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) under diabetic conditions. Disturbed FAO may promote cellular oxidative stress and insufficient energy production, leading to ferroptosis subsequently. Canagliflozin, an effective anti-hyperglycemic drug, may exert potential reno-protective effects by upregulating FAO and inhibiting ferroptosis in RTECs. However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. The present study is aimed to characterize the detailed mechanisms underlying the impact of canagliflozin on FAO and ferroptosis. Type 2 diabetic db/db mice were administrated daily by gavage with canagliflozin (20 mg/kg/day, 40 mg/kg/day) or positive control drug pioglitazone (10 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. The results showed canagliflozin effectively improved renal function and structure, reduced lipid droplet accumulation, enhanced FAO with increased ATP contents and CPT1A expression, a rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, and relieved ferroptosis in diabetic mice. Moreover, overexpression of FOXA1, a transcription factor related with lipid metabolism, was observed to upregulate the level of CPT1A, and further alleviated ferroptosis in high glucose cultured HK-2 cells. Whereas FOXA1 knockdown had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay results demonstrated that FOXA1 transcriptionally promoted the expression of CPT1A through a sis-inducible element located in the promoter region of the protein. In conclusion, these data suggest that canagliflozin improves FAO and attenuates ferroptosis of RTECs via FOXA1-CPT1A axis in diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Gan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qingzhu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mingwei Shao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fangyi Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xunjie Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Duo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Elshareif N, Gornick E, Gavini CK, Aubert G, Mansuy-Aubert V. Comparison of western diet-induced obesity and streptozotocin mouse models: insights into energy balance, somatosensory dysfunction, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1238120. [PMID: 37885804 PMCID: PMC10598778 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1238120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are increasingly prevalent worldwide, necessitating a deeper comprehension of their underlying mechanisms. However, translating findings from animal research to human patients remains challenging. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of Streptozotocin (STZ) on metabolic, cardiac, and somatosensory function in mice fed a Western diet (WD) of high fat, sucrose, and cholesterol with low doses of STZ administration compared to mice fed WD alone. In our research, we thoroughly characterized energy balance and glucose homeostasis, as well as allodynia and cardiac function, all of which have been previously shown to be altered by WD feeding. Notably, our findings revealed that the treatment of WD-fed mice with STZ exacerbated dysfunction in glucose homeostasis via reduced insulin secretion in addition to impaired peripheral insulin signaling. Furthermore, both WD and WD + STZ mice exhibited the same degree of cardiac autonomic neuropathy, such as reduced heart rate variability and decreased protein levels of cardiac autonomic markers. Furthermore, both groups developed the same symptoms of neuropathic pain, accompanied by elevated levels of activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) in the dorsal root ganglia. These discoveries enhance our understanding of metabolic activity, insulin resistance, neuropathy, and cardiac dysfunction of diet-induced models of obesity and diabetes. The exacerbation of impaired insulin signaling pathways by STZ did not lead to or worsen cardiac and somatosensory dysfunction. Additionally, they offer valuable insights into suitable diet induced translational mouse models, thereby advancing the development of potential interventions for associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Elshareif
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Emily Gornick
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Chaitanya K. Gavini
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Aubert
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
- Clinical Development, CSL Vifor, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Mansuy-Aubert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Ashfaq A, Meineck M, Pautz A, Arioglu-Inan E, Weinmann-Menke J, Michel MC. A systematic review on renal effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in rodent models of diabetic nephropathy. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108503. [PMID: 37495021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
We have performed a systematic review of studies reporting on the renal effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in rodent models of diabetes. In 105 studies, SGLT2 inhibitors improved not only the glycemic control but also various aspects of renal function in most cases. These nephroprotective effects were similarly reported whether treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor started concomitant with the onset of diabetes (within 1 week), early after onset (1-4 weeks) or after nephropathy had developed (>4 weeks after onset) with the latter probably having the greatest translational value. They were observed across various animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes/obesity (4 and 23 models, respectively), although studies in the type 2 diabetes model of db/db mice more often had negative data than in other models. Among possibly underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of nephroprotection, treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors had beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, blood pressure, glomerulosclerosis as well as renal tubular fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These pathomechanisms highly influence atherosclerosis and renal health, which are two major factors that lead to an enhanced mortality in patients with diabetes and/or chronic kidney disease. Interestingly, renal SGLT2 inhibitor effects did not always correlate with those on glucose homeostasis, particularly in a limited number of direct comparative studies with other anti-diabetic treatments, indicating that nephroprotection may at least partly occur by mechanisms other than improving glycemic control. Our analyses did not provide evidence for different nephroprotective efficacy between SGLT2 inhibitors. Importantly, only four of 105 studies reported on female animals, and none provided direct comparative data between sexes. We conclude that more data on female animals and more direct comparative studies with other anti-diabetic compounds and combinations of treatments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Ashfaq
- Dept. of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Myriam Meineck
- 1(st) Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Nephrology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Pautz
- Dept. of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ebru Arioglu-Inan
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- 1(st) Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Nephrology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin C Michel
- Dept. of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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11
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Parlar Köprülü RE. How to create an experimental diabetes mellitus model? PHARMACIA 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e96028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Early treatment is very important in terms of preventing diabetes-related late complications with high treatment costs and increasing the patient’s quality of life. In addition to investigating the pathophysiology of the disease studied, animal experiments pave the way for new approaches in treatments. Although there are many methods that can be used when creating a diabetes model, induction of diabetes with alloxan and streptozotocin are the most preferred ones. The aim of this article is to review the available information on diabetes-related methods, common problems and solutions, with known mechanisms of action, dose and time-determined methods.
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Hung TW, Yu MH, Yang TY, Yang MY, Chen JY, Chan KC, Wang CJ. Acarbose Protects Glucolipotoxicity-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy by Inhibiting Ras Expression in High-Fat Diet-Fed db/db Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315312. [PMID: 36499639 PMCID: PMC9736061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) exacerbates renal tissue damage and is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Reactive oxygen species play a vital role in hyperglycemia-induced renal injury. This study examined whether the oral hypoglycemic drug acarbose (Ab) could attenuate the progression of DN in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice. In this study, 50 mg/kg body weight of Ab was administered to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed db/db mice. Their body weight was recorded every week, and the serum glucose concentration was monitored every 2 weeks. Following their euthanasia, the kidneys of mice were analyzed through hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The results revealed that Ab stabilized the plasma glucose and indirectly improved the insulin sensitivity and renal functional biomarkers in diabetic mice. In addition, diabetes-induced glomerular hypertrophy, the saccharide accumulation, and formation of collagen fiber were reduced in diabetic mice receiving Ab. Although the dosages of Ab cannot decrease the blood sugar in db/db mice, our results indicate that Ab alleviates glucolipotoxicity-induced DN by inhibiting kidney fibrosis-related proteins through the Ras/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Wei Hung
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsun Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yuan Yang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Yuan Yang
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yu Chen
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Chuan Chan
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-C.C.); (C.-J.W.); Tel.: +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 34704) (K.-C.C.); +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 11670) (C.-J.W.)
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Department of Health Industry Technology Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-C.C.); (C.-J.W.); Tel.: +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 34704) (K.-C.C.); +886-4-247-30022 (ext. 11670) (C.-J.W.)
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13
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Persaud S. Diabetes basic science research takes centre stage. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14734. [PMID: 34811783 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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