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Wörmeyer L, Nortmann O, Hamacher A, Uhlemeyer C, Belgardt B, Eberhard D, Mayatepek E, Meissner T, Lammert E, Welters A. The N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist Dextromethorphan Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Preserves Pancreatic Islets in NOD Mice. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:223-234. [PMID: 38168730 PMCID: PMC10901624 DOI: 10.1055/a-2236-8625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
For treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus, a combination of immune-based interventions and medication to promote beta-cell survival and proliferation has been proposed. Dextromethorphan (DXM) is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist with a good safety profile, and to date, preclinical and clinical evidence for blood glucose-lowering and islet-cell-protective effects of DXM have only been provided for animals and individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we assessed the potential anti-diabetic effects of DXM in the non-obese diabetic mouse model of type 1 diabetes. More specifically, we showed that DXM treatment led to five-fold higher numbers of pancreatic islets and more than two-fold larger alpha- and beta-cell areas compared to untreated mice. Further, DXM treatment improved glucose homeostasis and reduced diabetes incidence by 50%. Our data highlight DXM as a novel candidate for adjunct treatment of preclinical or recent-onset type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wörmeyer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Nortmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Hamacher
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Celina Uhlemeyer
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bengt Belgardt
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alena Welters
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Scholz O, Huß E, Otter S, Herebian D, Hamacher A, Levy LM, Hristeva S, Sanz M, Ajani H, Puentes AR, Hoffmann T, Hogeback J, Unger A, Terheyden S, Reina do Fundo M, Dewidar B, Roden M, Lammert E. Protection of pancreatic islets from oxidative cell death by a peripherally-active morphinan with increased drug safety. Mol Metab 2023:101775. [PMID: 37451343 PMCID: PMC10403733 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dextromethorphan (DXM) is a commonly used antitussive medication with positive effects in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, since it increases glucose tolerance and protects pancreatic islets from cell death. However, its use as an antidiabetic medication is limited due to its central nervous side effects and potential use as a recreational drug. Therefore, we recently modified DXM chemically to reduce its blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and central side effects. However, our best compound interacted with the cardiac potassium channel hERG (human ether-à-go-go-related gene product) and the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). Thus, the goal of this study was to reduce the interaction of our compound with these targets, while maintaining its beneficial properties. METHODS Receptor and channel binding assays were conducted to evaluate the drug safety of our DXM derivative. Pancreatic islets were used to investigate the effect of the compound on insulin secretion and islet cell survival. Via liquor collection from the brain and a behavioral assay, we analyzed the BBB permeability. By performing intraperitoneal and oral glucose tolerance tests as well as pharmacokinetic analyses, the antidiabetic potential and elimination half-life were investigated, respectively. To analyze the islet cell-protective effect, we used fluorescence microscopy as well as flow cytometric analyses. RESULTS Here, we report the design and synthesis of an optimized, orally available BBB-impermeable DXM derivative with lesser binding to hERG and MOR than previous ones. We also show that the new compound substantially enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from mouse and human islets and glucose tolerance in mice as well as protects pancreatic islets from cell death induced by reactive oxygen species and that it amplifies the effects of tirzepatide on GSIS and islet cell viability. CONCLUSIONS We succeeded to design and synthesize a novel morphinan derivative that is BBB-impermeable, glucose-lowering and islet cell-protective and has good drug safety despite its morphinan and imidazole structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okka Scholz
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena Huß
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Silke Otter
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Hamacher
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Miguel Sanz
- Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Haresh Ajani
- Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | | - Jens Hogeback
- A&M Labor für Analytik und Metabolismusforschung Service GmbH, D-50126 Bergheim, Germany
| | - Anke Unger
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH & Co. KG, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Michelle Reina do Fundo
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bedair Dewidar
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Pelligra A, Mrugala J, Griess K, Kirschner P, Nortmann O, Bartosinska B, Köster A, Krupenko NI, Gebel D, Westhoff P, Steckel B, Eberhard D, Herebian D, Belgardt BF, Schrader J, Weber APM, Krupenko SA, Lammert E. Pancreatic islet protection at the expense of secretory function involves serine-linked mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112615. [PMID: 37294632 PMCID: PMC10592470 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin hypersecretion followed by reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Here we show that acute stimulation of pancreatic islets with the insulin secretagogue dextrorphan (DXO) or glibenclamide enhances GSIS, whereas chronic treatment with high concentrations of these drugs reduce GSIS but protect islets from cell death. Bulk RNA sequencing of islets shows increased expression of genes for serine-linked mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism (OCM) after chronic, but not acute, stimulation. In chronically stimulated islets, more glucose is metabolized to serine than to citrate, and the mitochondrial ATP/ADP ratio decreases, whereas the NADPH/NADP+ ratio increases. Activating transcription factor-4 (Atf4) is required and sufficient to activate serine-linked mitochondrial OCM genes in islets, with gain- and loss-of-function experiments showing that Atf4 reduces GSIS and is required, but not sufficient, for full DXO-mediated islet protection. In sum, we identify a reversible metabolic pathway that provides islet protection at the expense of secretory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pelligra
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Mrugala
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Griess
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philip Kirschner
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Nortmann
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Bartosinska
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Köster
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalia I Krupenko
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Nutrition Research Institute, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dominik Gebel
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Westhoff
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Steckel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bengt-Frederik Belgardt
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sergey A Krupenko
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Nutrition Research Institute, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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4
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Noguera Hurtado H, Gresch A, Düfer M. NMDA receptors - regulatory function and pathophysiological significance for pancreatic beta cells. Biol Chem 2023; 404:311-324. [PMID: 36626848 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique features amongst ionotropic glutamate receptors, the NMDA receptor is of special interest in the physiological context but even more as a drug target. In the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus, there is evidence that NMDA receptor activation contributes to disease progression by impairing beta cell function. Consequently, channel inhibitors are suggested for treatment, but up to now there are many unanswered questions about the signaling pathways NMDA receptors are interfering with in the islets of Langerhans. In this review we give an overview about channel structure and function with special regard to the pancreatic beta cells and the regulation of insulin secretion. We sum up which signaling pathways from brain research have already been transferred to the beta cell, and what still needs to be proven. The main focus is on the relationship between an over-stimulated NMDA receptor and the production of reactive oxygen species, the amount of which is crucial for beta cell function. Finally, pilot studies using NMDA receptor blockers to protect the islet from dysfunction are reviewed and future perspectives for the use of such compounds in the context of impaired glucose homeostasis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Noguera Hurtado
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Gresch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martina Düfer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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5
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Lee CJ, Schnieders JH, Rubakhin SS, Patel AV, Liu C, Naji A, Sweedler JV. d-Amino Acids and Classical Neurotransmitters in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetes-Affected Human Pancreatic Islets of Langerhans. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090799. [PMID: 36144204 PMCID: PMC9501506 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pancreatic islets of Langerhans are clusters of cells that function as endocrine units synthesizing and releasing insulin and a range of additional peptide hormones. The structural and chemical characteristics of islets change during type 2 diabetes development. Although a range of metabolites including neurotransmitters has been reported in rodent islets, the involvement of these cell-to-cell signaling molecules within human pancreatic islets in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes is not well known, despite studies suggesting that these molecules impact intra- and inter-islet signaling pathways. We characterize the enigmatic cell-to-cell signaling molecules, d-serine (d-Ser) and d-aspartate (d-Asp), along with multiple classical neurotransmitters and related molecules, in healthy versus type 2 diabetes-affected human islets using capillary electrophoresis separations. Significantly reduced d-Ser percentage and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were found in type 2 diabetes-affected islets compared to healthy islets. In addition, the negative correlations of many of the signaling molecules, such as d-Ser percentage (r = −0.35), d-Asp (r = −0.32), serotonin (r = −0.42), and GABA (r = −0.39) levels, with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and thus with the progression of type 2 diabetes further demonstrate the disruption in intra- or inter-islet signaling pathways and suggest that these cell-to-cell signaling molecules may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy J. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jack H. Schnieders
- Department of Chemistry, The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stanislav S. Rubakhin
- Department of Chemistry, The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amit V. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chengyang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ali Naji
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry, The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Correspondence:
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6
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Cyranka M, Monfeuga T, Vedovato N, Larabee CM, Chandran A, Toledo EM, de Wet H. NMDA Receptor Antagonists Increase the Release of GLP-1 From Gut Endocrine Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:861311. [PMID: 35571112 PMCID: PMC9091448 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.861311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains one of the most pressing health issues facing modern society. Several antidiabetic drugs are currently in clinical use to treat hyperglycaemia, but there is a need for new treatments that effectively restore pancreatic islet function in patients. Recent studies reported that both murine and human pancreatic islets exhibit enhanced insulin release and β-cell viability in response to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Furthermore, oral administration of dextromethorphan, an over-the-counter NMDA receptor antagonist, to diabetic patients in a small clinical trial showed improved glucose tolerance and increased insulin release. However, the effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on the secretion of the incretin hormone GLP-1 was not tested, and nothing is known regarding how NMDA receptor antagonists may alter the secretion of gut hormones. This study demonstrates for the first time that, similar to β-cells, the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 increases the release of GLP-1 from a murine L-cell enteroendocrine model cell line, GLUTag cells. Furthermore, we report the 3′ mRNA expression profiling of GLUTag cells, with a specific focus on glutamate-activated receptors. We conclude that if NMDA receptor antagonists are to be pursued as an alternative, orally administered treatment for T2DM, it is essential that the effects of these drugs on the release of gut hormones, and specifically the incretin hormones, are fully investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Cyranka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Monfeuga
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Innovation Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Natascia Vedovato
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chelsea M Larabee
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Enrique M Toledo
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Innovation Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi de Wet
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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7
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Flinn B, Adams C, Chowdhury N, Gress T, Santanam N. Profiling of Non-Coding Regulators and Their Targets in Epicardial Fat from Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105297. [PMID: 35628106 PMCID: PMC9141930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicardial fat is a continuously growing target of investigation in cardiovascular diseases due to both its anatomical proximity to the heart and coronary circulation and its unique physiology among adipose depots. Previous reports have demonstrated that epicardial fat plays key roles in coronary artery disease, but the non-coding RNA and transcriptomic alterations of epicardial fat in coronary artery disease have not been investigated thoroughly. Micro- and lncRNA microarrays followed by GO-KEGG functional enrichment analysis demonstrated sex-dependent unique mi/lncRNAs altered in human epicardial fat in comparison to subcutaneous fat in both patients with and without coronary artery disease (IRB approved). Among the 14 differentially expressed microRNAs in epicardial fat between patients with and without coronary artery disease, the hsa-miR-320 family was the most highly represented. IPW lncRNA interacted with three of these differentially expressed miRNAs. Next-generation sequencing and pathway enrichment analysis identified six unique mRNAs–miRNA pairs. Pathway enrichment identified inflammation, adipogenesis, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis as the most represented functions altered by the mi/lncRNAs and atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction among the highest cardiovascular pathologies associated with them. Overall, the epicardial fat in patients with coronary artery disease has a unique mi/lncRNA profile which is sex-dependent and has potential implications for regulating cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendin Flinn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Christopher Adams
- Department of Cardiology, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Nepal Chowdhury
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, St. Mary’s Medical Center, Huntington, WV 25702, USA;
| | - Todd Gress
- Research Service, Hershel “Woody” Williams VA Medical Center, Huntington, WV 25704, USA;
| | - Nalini Santanam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(304)-696-7321
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8
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Scholz O, Otter S, Welters A, Wörmeyer L, Dolenšek J, Klemen MS, Pohorec V, Eberhard D, Mrugala J, Hamacher A, Koch A, Sanz M, Hoffmann T, Hogeback J, Herebian D, Klöcker N, Piechot A, Mayatepek E, Meissner T, Stožer A, Lammert E. Peripherally active dextromethorphan derivatives lower blood glucose levels by targeting pancreatic islets. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1474-1488.e7. [PMID: 34118188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dextromethorphan (DXM) acts as cough suppressant via its central action. Cell-protective effects of this drug have been reported in peripheral tissues, making DXM potentially useful for treatment of several common human diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pancreatic islets are among the peripheral tissues that positively respond to DXM, and anti-diabetic effects of DXM were observed in two placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials in humans with T2DM. Since these effects were associated with central side effects, we here developed chemical derivatives of DXM that pass the blood-brain barrier to a significantly lower extent than the original drug. We show that basic nitrogen-containing residues block central adverse events of DXM without reducing its anti-diabetic effects, including the protection of human pancreatic islets from cell death. These results show how to chemically modify DXM, and possibly other morphinans, as to exclude central side effects, while targeting peripheral tissues, such as pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okka Scholz
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Silke Otter
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alena Welters
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Wörmeyer
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jurij Dolenšek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maša Skelin Klemen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Viljem Pohorec
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Mrugala
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Hamacher
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Koch
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miguel Sanz
- Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Torsten Hoffmann
- Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jens Hogeback
- A&M Labor für Analytik und Metabolismusforschung Service GmbH, 50126 Bergheim, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikolaj Klöcker
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Piechot
- Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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9
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Watkins JC, Evans RH, Bayés À, Booker SA, Gibb A, Mabb AM, Mayer M, Mellor JR, Molnár E, Niu L, Ortega A, Pankratov Y, Ramos-Vicente D, Rodríguez-Campuzano A, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Wang LY, Wang YT, Wollmuth L, Wyllie DJA, Zhuo M, Frenguelli BG. 21st century excitatory amino acid research: A Q & A with Jeff Watkins and Dick Evans. Neuropharmacology 2021; 198:108743. [PMID: 34363811 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In 1981 Jeff Watkins and Dick Evans wrote what was to become a seminal review on excitatory amino acids (EAAs) and their receptors (Watkins and Evans, 1981). Bringing together various lines of evidence dating back over several decades on: the distribution in the nervous system of putative amino acid neurotransmitters; enzymes involved in their production and metabolism; the uptake and release of amino acids; binding of EAAs to membranes; the pharmacological action of endogenous excitatory amino acids and their synthetic analogues, and notably the actions of antagonists for the excitations caused by both nerve stimulation and exogenous agonists, often using pharmacological tools developed by Jeff and his colleagues, they provided a compelling account for EAAs, especially l-glutamate, as a bona fide neurotransmitter in the nervous system. The rest, as they say, is history, but far from being consigned to history, EAA research is in rude health well into the 21st Century as this series of Special Issues of Neuropharmacology exemplifies. With EAAs and their receptors flourishing across a wide range of disciplines and clinical conditions, we enter into a dialogue with two of the most prominent and influential figures in the early days of EAA research: Jeff Watkins and Dick Evans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Àlex Bayés
- Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sam A Booker
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Alasdair Gibb
- Research Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Angela M Mabb
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mark Mayer
- Bldg 35A, Room 3D-904, 35A Convent Drive, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jack R Mellor
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Elek Molnár
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Li Niu
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yuriy Pankratov
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - David Ramos-Vicente
- Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Lu-Yang Wang
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Yu Tian Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Lonnie Wollmuth
- Depts. of Neurobiology & Behavior and Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5230, USA
| | - David J A Wyllie
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Min Zhuo
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, 266000, China
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10
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Nauck MA, Wefers J, Meier JJ. Treatment of type 2 diabetes: challenges, hopes, and anticipated successes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:525-544. [PMID: 34181914 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the successful development of new therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, the search for novel treatment options that can provide better glycaemic control and at reduce complications is a continuous effort. The present Review aims to present an overview of novel targets and mechanisms and focuses on glucose-lowering effects guiding this search and developments. We discuss not only novel developments of insulin therapy (eg, so-called smart insulin preparation with a glucose-dependent mode of action), but also a group of drug classes for which extensive research efforts have not been rewarded with obvious clinical impact. We discuss the potential clinical use of the salutary adipokine adiponectin and the hepatokine fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, among others. A GLP-1 peptide receptor agonist (semaglutide) is now available for oral absorption, and small molecules activating GLP-1 receptors appear on the horizon. Bariatric surgery and its accompanying changes in the gut hormonal milieu offer a background for unimolecular peptides interacting with two or more receptors (for GLP-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon, and peptide YY) and provide more substantial glycaemic control and bodyweight reduction compared with selective GLP-1 receptor agonists. These and additional approaches will help expand the toolbox of effective medications needed for optimising the treatment of well delineated subgroups of type 2 diabetes or help develop personalised approaches for glucose-lowering drugs based on individual characteristics of our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Nauck
- Diabetes Division, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Jakob Wefers
- Diabetes Division, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Juris J Meier
- Diabetes Division, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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11
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Novel Approaches to Restore Pancreatic Beta-Cell Mass and Function. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 274:439-465. [PMID: 34114119 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Beta-cell dysfunction and beta-cell death are critical events in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the goals of modern T2DM management have shifted from merely restoring normoglycemia to maintaining or regenerating beta-cell mass and function. In this review we summarize current and novel approaches to achieve these goals, ranging from lifestyle interventions to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism, and discuss the mechanisms underlying their effects on beta-cell physiology and glycemic control. Notably, timely intervention seems critical, but not always strictly required, to maximize the effect of any approach on beta-cell recovery and disease progression. Conventional antidiabetic medications are not disease-modifying in the sense that the disease does not progress or reoccur while on treatment or thereafter. More invasive approaches, such as bariatric surgery, are highly effective in restoring normoglycemia, but are reserved for a rather small proportion of obese individuals and sometimes associated with serious adverse events. Finally, we recapitulate the broad range of effects mediated by peripheral NMDARs and discuss recent evidence on the potential of NMDAR antagonists to be developed as a novel class of antidiabetic drugs. In the future, a more refined assessment of disease risk or disease subtype might enable more targeted therapies to prevent or treat diabetes.
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12
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Šterk M, Križančić Bombek L, Skelin Klemen M, Slak Rupnik M, Marhl M, Stožer A, Gosak M. NMDA receptor inhibition increases, synchronizes, and stabilizes the collective pancreatic beta cell activity: Insights through multilayer network analysis. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009002. [PMID: 33974632 PMCID: PMC8139480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
NMDA receptors promote repolarization in pancreatic beta cells and thereby reduce glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Therefore, NMDA receptors are a potential therapeutic target for diabetes. While the mechanism of NMDA receptor inhibition in beta cells is rather well understood at the molecular level, its possible effects on the collective cellular activity have not been addressed to date, even though proper insulin secretion patterns result from well-synchronized beta cell behavior. The latter is enabled by strong intercellular connectivity, which governs propagating calcium waves across the islets and makes the heterogeneous beta cell population work in synchrony. Since a disrupted collective activity is an important and possibly early contributor to impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance, it is of utmost importance to understand possible effects of NMDA receptor inhibition on beta cell functional connectivity. To address this issue, we combined confocal functional multicellular calcium imaging in mouse tissue slices with network science approaches. Our results revealed that NMDA receptor inhibition increases, synchronizes, and stabilizes beta cell activity without affecting the velocity or size of calcium waves. To explore intercellular interactions more precisely, we made use of the multilayer network formalism by regarding each calcium wave as an individual network layer, with weighted directed connections portraying the intercellular propagation. NMDA receptor inhibition stabilized both the role of wave initiators and the course of waves. The findings obtained with the experimental antagonist of NMDA receptors, MK-801, were additionally validated with dextrorphan, the active metabolite of the approved drug dextromethorphan, as well as with experiments on NMDA receptor KO mice. In sum, our results provide additional and new evidence for a possible role of NMDA receptor inhibition in treatment of type 2 diabetes and introduce the multilayer network paradigm as a general strategy to examine effects of drugs on connectivity in multicellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Šterk
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Marjan Slak Rupnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Alma Mater Europaea–ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Marhl
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Gosak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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13
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Lee CJ, Qiu TA, Sweedler JV. d-Alanine: Distribution, origin, physiological relevance, and implications in disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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14
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Gresch A, Düfer M. Dextromethorphan and Dextrorphan Influence Insulin Secretion by Interacting with K ATP and L-type Ca 2+ Channels in Pancreatic β-Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 375:10-20. [PMID: 32665318 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.265835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The NMDA receptor antagonist dextromethorphan (DXM) and its metabolite dextrorphan (DXO) have been recommended for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus because of their beneficial effects on insulin secretion. This study investigates how different key points of the stimulus-secretion coupling in mouse islets and β-cells are influenced by DXM or DXO. Both compounds elevated insulin secretion, electrical activity, and [Ca2+]c in islets at a concentration of 100 µM along with a stimulating glucose concentration. DXO and DXM increased insulin secretion approximately 30-fold at a substimulatory glucose concentration (3 mM). Patch-clamp experiments revealed that 100 µM DXM directly inhibited KATP channels by about 70%. Of note, DXM decreased the current through L-type Ca2+ channels about 25%, leading to a transient reduction in Ca2+ action potentials. This interaction might explain why elevating DXM to 500 µM drastically decreased insulin release. DXO inhibited KATP channels almost equally. In islets of KATP channel-deficient sulfonylurea receptor 1 knockout mice, the elevating effects of 100 µM DXM on [Ca2+]c and insulin release were completely lost. By contrast, 100 µM DXO still increased glucose-stimulated insulin release around 60%. In summary, DXM-induced alterations in stimulus-secretion coupling of wild-type islets result from a direct block of KATP channels and are partly counteracted by inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels. The stimulatory effect of DXO seems to be based on a combined antagonism on KATP channels and NMDA receptors and already occurs under resting conditions. Consequently, both compounds seem not to be suitable candidates for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study shows that the use of dextromethorphan as an antidiabetic drug can cause unpredictable alterations in insulin secretion by direct interaction with KATP and L-type Ca2+ channels besides its actual target, the NMDA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gresch
- University of Münster, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Münster, Germany
| | - Martina Düfer
- University of Münster, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Münster, Germany
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15
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Kabir MT, Sufian MA, Uddin MS, Begum MM, Akhter S, Islam A, Mathew B, Islam MS, Amran MS, Md Ashraf G. NMDA Receptor Antagonists: Repositioning of Memantine as a Multitargeting Agent for Alzheimer's Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3506-3518. [PMID: 31604413 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191011102444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. Currently, there is no drug that can reduce the pathological events of this degenerative disease but symptomatic relief is possible that can abate the disease condition. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors exert a critical role for synaptic plasticity as well as transmission. Overstimulation of glutamate receptors, predominantly NMDA type, may cause excitotoxic effects on neurons and is recommended as a mechanism for neurodegeneration. Atypical activation of the NMDA receptor has been suggested for AD by synaptic dysfunction. NMDA receptor antagonists especially memantine block the NMDA receptor and can reduce the influx of calcium (Ca2+) ions into neuron, thus, toxic intracellular events are not activated. This review represents the role of NMDA receptors antagonists as potential therapeutic agents to reduce AD. Moreover, this review highlights the repositioning of memantine as a potential novel therapeutic multitargeting agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Shammi Akhter
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, United States
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | | | - Md Shah Amran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Abarkan M, Gaitan J, Lebreton F, Perrier R, Jaffredo M, Mulle C, Magnan C, Raoux M, Lang J. The glutamate receptor GluK2 contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis and its deterioration during aging. Mol Metab 2019; 30:152-160. [PMID: 31767166 PMCID: PMC6807305 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Islets secrete neurotransmitters including glutamate which participate in fine regulation of islet function. The excitatory ionotropic glutamate receptor GluK2 of the kainate receptor family is widely expressed in brain and also found in islets, mainly in α and γ cells. α cells co-release glucagon and glutamate and the latter increases glucagon release via ionotropic glutamate receptors. However, neither the precise nature of the ionotropic glutamate receptor involved nor its role in glucose homeostasis is known. As isoform specific pharmacology is not available, we investigated this question in constitutive GluK2 knock-out mice (GluK2-/-) using adult and middle-aged animals to also gain insight in a potential role during aging. METHODS We compared wild-type GluK2+/+ and knock-out GluK2-/- mice using adult (14-20 weeks) and middle-aged animals (40-52 weeks). Glucose (oral OGTT and intraperitoneal IPGTT) and insulin tolerance as well as pyruvate challenge tests were performed according to standard procedures. Parasympathetic activity, which stimulates hormones secretion, was measured by electrophysiology in vivo. Isolated islets were used in vitro to determine islet β-cell electrical activity on multi-electrode arrays and dynamic secretion of insulin as well as glucagon was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Adult GluK2-/- mice exhibit an improved glucose tolerance (OGTT and IPGTT), and this was also apparent in middle-aged mice, whereas the outcome of pyruvate challenge was slightly improved only in middle-aged GluK2-/- mice. Similarly, insulin sensitivity was markedly enhanced in middle-aged GluK2-/- animals. Basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo was slightly lower in GluK2-/- mice, whereas fasting glucagonemia was strongly reduced. In vivo recordings of parasympathetic activity showed an increase in basal activity in GluK2-/- mice which represents most likely an adaptive mechanism to counteract hypoglucagonemia rather than altered neuronal mechanism. In vitro recording demonstrated an improvement of glucose-induced electrical activity of β-cells in islets obtained from GluK2-/- mice at both ages. Finally, glucose-induced insulin secretion in vitro was increased in GluK2-/- islets, whereas glucagon secretion at 2 mmol/l of glucose was considerably reduced. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate a general role for kainate receptors in glucose homeostasis and specifically suggest a negative effect of GluK2 on glucose homeostasis and preservation of islet function during aging. Our observations raise the possibility that blockade of GluK2 may provide benefits in glucose homeostasis especially during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abarkan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Julien Gaitan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Fanny Lebreton
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Romain Perrier
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Manon Jaffredo
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR 8251, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Jochen Lang
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
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17
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GNS HS, GR S, Murahari M, Krishnamurthy M. An update on Drug Repurposing: Re-written saga of the drug’s fate. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 110:700-716. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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18
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Dumas SJ, Bru-Mercier G, Courboulin A, Quatredeniers M, Rücker-Martin C, Antigny F, Nakhleh MK, Ranchoux B, Gouadon E, Vinhas MC, Vocelle M, Raymond N, Dorfmüller P, Fadel E, Perros F, Humbert M, Cohen-Kaminsky S. NMDA-Type Glutamate Receptor Activation Promotes Vascular Remodeling and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation 2018; 137:2371-2389. [PMID: 29444988 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.029930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive proliferation and apoptosis resistance in pulmonary vascular cells underlie vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Specific treatments for PAH exist, mostly targeting endothelial dysfunction, but high pulmonary arterial pressure still causes heart failure and death. Pulmonary vascular remodeling may be driven by metabolic reprogramming of vascular cells to increase glutaminolysis and glutamate production. The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), a major neuronal glutamate receptor, is also expressed on vascular cells, but its role in PAH is unknown. METHODS We assessed the status of the glutamate-NMDAR axis in the pulmonary arteries of patients with PAH and controls through mass spectrometry imaging, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. We measured the glutamate release from cultured pulmonary vascular cells using enzymatic assays and analyzed NMDAR regulation/phosphorylation through Western blot experiments. The effect of NMDAR blockade on human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation was determined using a BrdU incorporation assay. We assessed the role of NMDARs in vascular remodeling associated to pulmonary hypertension, in both smooth muscle-specific NMDAR knockout mice exposed to chronic hypoxia and the monocrotaline rat model of pulmonary hypertension using NMDAR blockers. RESULTS We report glutamate accumulation, upregulation of the NMDAR, and NMDAR engagement reflected by increases in GluN1-subunit phosphorylation in the pulmonary arteries of human patients with PAH. Kv channel inhibition and type A-selective endothelin receptor activation amplified calcium-dependent glutamate release from human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell, and type A-selective endothelin receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor activation led to NMDAR engagement, highlighting crosstalk between the glutamate-NMDAR axis and major PAH-associated pathways. The platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced proliferation of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells involved NMDAR activation and phosphorylated GluN1 subunit localization to cell-cell contacts, consistent with glutamatergic communication between proliferating human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via NMDARs. Smooth-muscle NMDAR deficiency in mice attenuated the vascular remodeling triggered by chronic hypoxia, highlighting the role of vascular NMDARs in pulmonary hypertension. Pharmacological NMDAR blockade in the monocrotaline rat model of pulmonary hypertension had beneficial effects on cardiac and vascular remodeling, decreasing endothelial dysfunction, cell proliferation, and apoptosis resistance while disrupting the glutamate-NMDAR pathway in pulmonary arteries. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal a dysregulation of the glutamate-NMDAR axis in the pulmonary arteries of patients with PAH and identify vascular NMDARs as targets for antiremodeling treatments in PAH.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Calcium/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology
- Endothelin-1/pharmacology
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, Endothelin/chemistry
- Receptors, Endothelin/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien J Dumas
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Gilles Bru-Mercier
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Audrey Courboulin
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Marceau Quatredeniers
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Catherine Rücker-Martin
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Morad K Nakhleh
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Benoit Ranchoux
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Elodie Gouadon
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Maria-Candida Vinhas
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Matthieu Vocelle
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Nicolas Raymond
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Elie Fadel
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Frédéric Perros
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
| | - Marc Humbert
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
- AP-HP Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (M.H.)
| | - Sylvia Cohen-Kaminsky
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.).
- University Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (S.J.D., G.B.-M., A.C., M.Q., C.R.-M, F.A., M.K.N., B.R., E.G., M.-C.V., M.V., N.R., P.D., E.F., F.P., M.H., S.C.-K.)
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Ettcheto M, Sánchez-López E, Gómez-Mínguez Y, Cabrera H, Busquets O, Beas-Zarate C, García ML, Carro E, Casadesus G, Auladell C, Vázquez Carrera M, Folch J, Camins A. Peripheral and Central Effects of Memantine in a Mixed Preclinical Mice Model of Obesity and Familial Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7327-7339. [PMID: 29404958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and aging are risk factors for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms through which obesity interacts with β-amyloid (Aβ) to promote cognitive decline remains poorly understood. Memantine (MEM), a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, is currently used for the treatment of AD. Nonetheless, few studies have reported its effects on genetic preclinical models of this neurodegenerative disease exacerbated with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Therefore, the present research aims to elucidate the effects of MEM on familial AD HFD-induced insulin resistance and learning and memory impairment. Furthermore, it aspires to determine the possible underlying mechanisms that connect AD to T2DM. Wild type and APPswe/PS1dE9 mice were used in this study. The animals were fed with either chow or HFD until 6 months of age, and they were treated with MEM-supplemented water (30 mg/kg) during the last 12 weeks. Our study demonstrates that MEM improves the metabolic consequences produced by HFD in this model of familial AD. Behavioural assessments confirmed that the treatment also improves animals learning abilities and decreases memory loss. Moreover, MEM treatment improves brain insulin signalling upregulating AKT, as well as cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding (CREB) expression, and modulates the amyloidogenic pathway, which, in turn, reduced the accumulation of Aβ. Moreover, this drug increases the activation of molecules involved with insulin signalling in the liver, such as insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), which is a key protein regulating hepatic resistance to insulin. These results provide new insight into the role of MEM not only in the occurrence of AD treatment, but also in its potential application on peripheral metabolic disorders where Aβ plays a key role, as is the case of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Ettcheto
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociencias, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Farmacia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yaiza Gómez-Mínguez
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henrry Cabrera
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociencias, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, C.U.C.B.A, Universidad de Guadalajara and División de Neurociencias, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Unitat de Farmacia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Group, Instituto de Investigacion Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Casadesus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Carme Auladell
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez Carrera
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Folch
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociencias, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Folch J, Busquets O, Ettcheto M, Sánchez-López E, Castro-Torres RD, Verdaguer E, Garcia ML, Olloquequi J, Casadesús G, Beas-Zarate C, Pelegri C, Vilaplana J, Auladell C, Camins A. Memantine for the Treatment of Dementia: A Review on its Current and Future Applications. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:1223-1240. [PMID: 29254093 PMCID: PMC5870028 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence in the brain of extracellular amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR), ionotropic glutamate receptor, are essential for processes like learning and memory. An excessive activation of NMDARs has been associated with neuronal loss. The discovery of extrasynaptic NMDARs provided a rational and physiological explanation between physiological and excitotoxic actions of glutamate. Memantine (MEM), an antagonist of extrasynaptic NMDAR, is currently used for the treatment of AD jointly with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. It has been demonstrated that MEM preferentially prevents the excessive continuous extrasynaptic NMDAR disease activation and therefore prevents neuronal cell death induced by excitotoxicity without disrupting physiological synaptic activity. The problem is that MEM has shown no clear positive effects in clinical applications while, in preclinical stages, had very promising results. The data in preclinical studies suggests that MEM has a positive impact on improving AD brain neuropathology, as well as in preventing Aβ production, aggregation, or downstream neurotoxic consequences, in part through the blockade of extrasynaptic NMDAR. Thus, the focus of this review is primarily to discuss the efficacy of MEM in preclinical models of AD, consider possible combinations of this drug with others, and then evaluate possible reasons for its lack of efficacy in clinical trials. Finally, applications in other pathologies are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Folch
- Departament de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Dario Castro-Torres
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Regeneración y Desarrollo Neural, Instituto de Neurobiología, CUCBA, México
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Garcia
- Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Gemma Casadesús
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Regeneración y Desarrollo Neural, Instituto de Neurobiología, CUCBA, México
| | - Carme Pelegri
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vilaplana
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Auladell
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Welters A, Klüppel C, Mrugala J, Wörmeyer L, Meissner T, Mayatepek E, Heiss C, Eberhard D, Lammert E. NMDAR antagonists for the treatment of diabetes mellitus-Current status and future directions. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19 Suppl 1:95-106. [PMID: 28880473 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose levels accelerated by a progressive decline of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreatic islets. Although medications are available to transiently adjust blood glucose to normal levels, the effects of current drugs are limited when it comes to preservation of a critical mass of functional β-cells to sustainably maintain normoglycemia. In this review, we recapitulate recent evidence on the role of pancreatic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in β-cell physiology, and summarize effects of morphinan-based NMDAR antagonists that are beneficial for insulin secretion, glucose tolerance and islet cell survival. We further discuss NMDAR-mediated molecular pathways relevant for neuronal cell survival, which may also be important for the preservation of β-cell function and mass. Finally, we summarize the literature for evidence on the role of NMDARs in the development of diabetic long-term complications, and highlight beneficial pharmacologic aspects of NMDAR antagonists in diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy as well as neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Welters
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carina Klüppel
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Mrugala
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Wörmeyer
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Physiological Roles of Non-Neuronal NMDA Receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:750-767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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