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Puga A, Moreira MM, Sanromán MA, Pazos MM, Delerue-Matos C. Antidepressants and COVID-19: Increased use, occurrence in water and effects and consequences on aquatic environment. A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:175993. [PMID: 39244044 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic changed the consumption of many drugs, among which antidepressants stand out. This review evaluated the frequency of antidepressant use before and after COVID-19. Once the most consumed antidepressants were identified, detecting a variation in the frequency of consumption on the different continents, an overview of their life cycle was carried out, specifying which antidepressants are mostly detected and the places where there is a greater concentration. In addition, the main metabolites of the most used antidepressants were also investigated. A correlation between the most consumed drugs and the most detected was made, emphasizing the lack of information on the occurrence of some of the most consumed antidepressants. Subsequently, studies on the effects on aquatic life were also reviewed, evaluated through different living beings (fish, crustaceans, molluscs, planktonic crustaceans and algae). Likewise, many of the most used antidepressants lack studies on potential adverse effects on aquatic living beings. This review underscores the need for further research, particularly focusing on the life cycle of the most prescribed antidepressants. In particular, it is a priority to know the occurrence and adverse effects in the aquatic environment of the most used antidepressants after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antón Puga
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; CINTECX, University of Vigo, BIOSUV Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Manuela M Moreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Angeles Sanromán
- CINTECX, University of Vigo, BIOSUV Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta M Pazos
- CINTECX, University of Vigo, BIOSUV Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
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Leng F, Mei S, Zhou X, Liu X, Yuan Y, Xu W, Hao C, Guo R, Hao C, Li W, Zhang P. DVsc: An Automated Framework for Efficiently Detecting Viral Infection from Single-cell Transcriptomics Data. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 22:qzad007. [PMID: 39215426 DOI: 10.1093/gpbjnl/qzad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a valuable tool for studying cellular heterogeneity in various fields, particularly in virological research. By studying the viral and cellular transcriptomes, the dynamics of viral infection can be investigated at a single-cell resolution. However, limited studies have been conducted to investigate whether RNA transcripts from clinical samples contain substantial amounts of viral RNAs, and a specific computational framework for efficiently detecting viral reads based on scRNA-seq data has not been developed. Hence, we introduce DVsc, an open-source framework for precise quantitative analysis of viral infection from single-cell transcriptomics data. When applied to approximately 200 diverse clinical samples that were infected by more than 10 different viruses, DVsc demonstrated high accuracy in systematically detecting viral infection across a wide array of cell types. This innovative bioinformatics pipeline could be crucial for addressing the potential effects of surreptitiously invading viruses on certain illnesses, as well as for designing novel medicines to target viruses in specific host cell subsets and evaluating the efficacy of treatment. DVsc supports the FASTQ format as an input and is compatible with multiple single-cell sequencing platforms. Moreover, it could also be applied to sequences from bulk RNA sequencing data. DVsc is available at http://62.234.32.33:5000/DVsc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Leng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Song Mei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Xuanshi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yefeng Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Chongyi Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Ruolan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Chanjuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
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3
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Enilama O, MacDonald C, Thompson P, Khan U, Allu S, Beaucage M, Yau K, Oliver MJ, Hladunewich MA, Levin A. Perceptions and Information-Seeking Behavior Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease in 2023: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2024; 11:20543581241242550. [PMID: 38628809 PMCID: PMC11020724 DOI: 10.1177/20543581241242550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background People living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face an increased risk of severe outcomes such as hospitalization or death from COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccination is a vital approach to mitigate the risk and severity of infection in patients with CKD. Limited information exists regarding the factors that shape COVID-19 vaccine uptake, including health information-seeking behavior and perceptions, within the CKD population. Objective The objectives were to describe among CKD patients, (1) health information-seeking behavior on COVID-19, (2) their capacity to comprehend and trust COVID-19 information from different sources, and (3) their perceptions concerning COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Design/Setting Cross-sectional web-based survey administered in British Columbia and Ontario from February 17, 2023, to April 17, 2023. Participants Chronic kidney disease G3b-5D patients and kidney transplant recipients (CKD G1T-5T) enrolled in a longitudinal COVID-19 vaccine serology study. Methods and Measurements The survey consisted of a questionnaire that included demographic and clinical data, perceived susceptibility of contracting COVID-19, the ability to collect, understand, and trust information on COVID-19, as well as perceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data with values expressed as count (%) and chi square tests were performed with a significance level set at P ≤ .05. A content analysis was performed on one open-ended response regarding respondents' questions surrounding COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Results Among the 902 patients who received the survey via email, 201 completed the survey, resulting in a response rate of 22%. The median age was 64 years old (IQR 53-74), 48% were male, 51% were university educated, 32% were on kidney replacement therapies, and 57% had received ≥5 COVID-19 vaccine doses. 65% of respondents reported that they had sought out COVID-19-related information in the last 12 months, with 91% and 84% expressing having understood and trusted the information they received, respectively. Those with a higher number of COVID-19 vaccine doses were associated with having sought out (P =.017), comprehended (P < .001), and trusted (P =. 005) COVID-19-related information. Female sex was associated with expressing more concern about contracting COVID-19 (P = .011). Most respondents strongly agreed to statements regarding the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination. Respondents' questions about COVID-19 infection and vaccination centered on 4 major themes: COVID-19 vaccination strategy, vaccine effectiveness, vaccine safety, and the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination on kidney health. Limitations This survey was administered within the Canadian health care context to patients with CKD who had at least 1 COVID-19 vaccine dose. Race/ethnicity of participants was not captured. Conclusions In this survey of individuals with CKD, COVID-19 information-seeking behavior was high and almost all respondents understood and trusted the information they received. Perceptions toward the COVID-19 vaccine and booster were mostly favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omosomi Enilama
- Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Nephrology Research Program, Providence Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Can-SOLVE CKD Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Umair Khan
- Can-SOLVE CKD Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Selina Allu
- Can-SOLVE CKD Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Yau
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew J. Oliver
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ontario Renal Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michelle A. Hladunewich
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ontario Renal Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adeera Levin
- Nephrology Research Program, Providence Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Can-SOLVE CKD Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Renal, Vancouver, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Montenegro AFL, Clementino MAF, Yaochite JNU. Type I interferon pathway genetic variants in severe COVID-19. Virus Res 2024; 342:199339. [PMID: 38354910 PMCID: PMC10901847 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there have been over 760 million reported cases and over 6 million deaths caused by this disease worldwide. The severity of COVID-19 is based on symptoms presented by the patient and is divided as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. The manifestations are interconnected with genetic variations. The innate immunity is the quickest response mechanism of an organism against viruses. Type I interferon pathway plays a key role in antiviral responses due to viral replication inhibition in infected cells and adaptive immunity stimulation induced by interferon molecules. Thus, variants in type I interferon pathway's genes are being studied in different COVID-19 manifestations. This review summarizes the role of variants in type I interferon pathway's genes on prognosis and severity progression of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F L Montenegro
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas da Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Rua Pastor Samuel Munguba, 1210 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - M A F Clementino
- Laboratório de Toxinologia Molecular, NUBIMED - Núcleo de Biomedicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - J N U Yaochite
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas da Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Rua Pastor Samuel Munguba, 1210 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil.
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Ulrich S, Balmer C, Becker K, Bruhs J, Danne F, Debus V, Dewein L, Di-Bernardo S, Doll U, Fleck T, Tirilomis T, Glöckler M, Grafmann M, Greil S, Grosser U, Saur P, Skrzypek S, Steinmetz M. COVID-19 infection in patients with history of pediatric heart transplant in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Clin Transplant 2024; 38:e15272. [PMID: 38445550 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a heterogenous infection-asymptomatic to fatal. While the course of pediatric COVID-19 infections is usually mild or even asymptomatic, individuals after adult heart transplantation are at high risk of a severe infection. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter survey of 16 pediatric heart transplant centers in Germany, Austria and Switzerland to evaluate the risk of a severe COVID-19 infection after pediatric heart transplantation between 02/2020 and 06/2021. Twenty-six subjects (11 male) with a median age of 9.77 years at time of transplantation and a median of 4.65 years after transplantation suffered from COVID-19 infection. The median age at time of COVID-10 infection was 17.20 years. Fourteen subjects had an asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. The most frequent symptoms were myalgia/fatigue (n = 6), cough (n = 5), rhinitis (n = 5), and loss of taste (n = 5). Only one subject showed dyspnea. Eleven individuals needed therapy in an outpatient setting, four subjects were hospitalized. One person needed oxygen supply, none of the subjects needed non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation. No specific signs for graft dysfunction were found by non-invasive testing. In pediatric heart transplant subjects, COVID-19 infection was mostly asymptomatic or mild. There were no SARS-CoV-2 associated myocardial dysfunction in heart transplant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ulrich
- Department for Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Christian Balmer
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kolja Becker
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Josefin Bruhs
- Center of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, HDZ-NRW, Ruhr-University, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Friederike Danne
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Debus
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Leonie Dewein
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefano Di-Bernardo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Doll
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thilo Fleck
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Theodor Tirilomis
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Georg-August-University-Goettingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Martin Glöckler
- Center for Congenital Heart Disease, University Hospital for Cardiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Grafmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Greil
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Wien, Wien, Austria
| | - Urte Grosser
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Saur
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Skrzypek
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Steinmetz
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Medical Center, Georg-August-University-Goettingen, Germany and German Center for Cardiovasvular Research (DZHK), Gottingen, Germany
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6
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Baltali S, Firat A. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the indications of non-COVID-19 obstetric and gynecological admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) and its overall consequences. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20272. [PMID: 37985824 PMCID: PMC10662172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46755-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Since COVID-19 outbreak caused a substantial reduction in intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity, a significant change in triaging ICU admissions has become necessary for obstetric and gynecologic (OG) patients, as well. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the patients admitted to ICU for non-COVID-19 OG pathologies to understand the probable effects of the pandemic on demographics, admission rates and indications, complications, and the overall outcome. Medical records of patients who were admitted to ICU for OG diseases between 2018 and 2022 were reviewed. This four-year time was divided into two equal periods; Group I (March 2018 to March 2020, before the pandemic starts) and Group II (March 2020 to March 2022, during pandemic). Demographics, indications for admissions to ICU, length of stay, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE-II) scores and the factors contributing to their morbidity and mortality were recorded. Chi-square Kolmogorov-Smirno and Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to compare the variables. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 511 patients were in Group I (61.94%) and 314 in Group II (38.06%). Between 2020 and 2022, our ICU admitted 38.56% fewer OG inpatients, compared with the pre-pandemic period (p < 0.05). While number of patients with gynecological pathologies increased (50 vs 57%), obstetric patients' admission to ICU decreased (49 vs 42%). In gynecologic patients, postoperative complications and sepsis showed a significant rise (57 vs 69% and 7 vs 12%, p < 0.05), and most were after oncological operations (81%). There was a significant rise in numbers of pregnancy-induced hypertension and placental pathologies (29 vs 36% and 41 vs 58%, p < 0.05). Outcome of obstetric patients in ICU was good (99% survival rate). Mortality was higher in gynecologic patients (4 vs 9%, p < 0.05), correlated with the increased APACHE-II score (8 vs 10, p < 0.05). Older age and oncologic operations were the primary factors increasing mortality. Length of stay in ICU prolonged in these patients, as well (1 vs 3 days, p < 0.05). Selection of priority patients by gynecologists and intensive care specialists in cooperation, and meticulous implementation of the rule of only accepting patients with strict indications may explain the change in OG admissions during the outbreak. These findings will question the accuracy of wider indications for ICU admissions in pre-pandemic period, and help in planning the policy for future post-pandemic days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Baltali
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aysun Firat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
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Dunkić N, Nazlić M, Dunkić V, Bilić I. Analysis of Post-COVID-19 Guillain-Barré Syndrome over a Period of One Year in the University Hospital of Split (Croatia). Neurol Int 2023; 15:1359-1370. [PMID: 37987459 PMCID: PMC10661271 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The virus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) is capable of attacking the nervous system in several ways and leading to neurological diseases such as GBS (Guillain-Barré syndrome) through the resulting neurotropism and immune response. The aim of this study is to show the relationship between Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and GBS and to better understand the clinical symptoms to prevent poor outcomes. Data from 15 patients were extracted from the Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Split, Croatia, for the year 2021. The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 89 years, of whom 27% were women. Sixty seven percent of all GBS patients recovered from COVID-19 infection, whereas post-vaccinal polyradiculoneuritis was detected in 6%. Forty four percent of the patients who developed GBS had a severe form of COVID-19 infection. Forty percent of patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), followed by therapeutic plasma exchange (PLEX) in 27%. After the therapy, improvement was observed in 13 patients, while two patients died. The results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 triggers GBS because it follows a similar pattern of infection as the other viral and bacterial agents that contribute to the onset of GBS. There is no evidence that prior infection with COVID-19 worsens the clinical presentation of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko Dunkić
- Practice of General Medicine, A.G. Matoša 2, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Marija Nazlić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Ivica Bilić
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Neurology Department, University Hospital Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Oliveira FV, Coltro PS, Nunes AA, Biaziolo CFB, Ferreira MC, Farina-Junior JA. Comparative cohort analysis of pressure ulcer/injury in intensive care unit patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 85:98-103. [PMID: 37478653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has emerged as a global pandemic leading to an increase in hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions worldwide. Due to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), many patients require prone positioning, which is associated with increased pressure ulcer/injury (PU/PI) incidence. COVID-19 pathophysiology may favor the occurrence of PU/PI due to hypoxemia, inflammatory status, and vasculopathy. This study aimed to compare the incidence of PU/PI in ICU patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a university hospital in Brazil. Data from the medical charts of every adult patient admitted to ICU from March to July 2019 and the same period in 2020 were collected. The group from 2019 included 408 patients admitted due to multiple causes, and the group from 2020 included 229 patients admitted due to COVID-19 infection. The incidence of PU/PI was significantly higher in patients admitted in 2020 compared to 2019 (62,5 vs. 33,8%, respectively). Also, PU/PI location and severity have been different between groups, with the patients with COVID-19 (2020 group) more exposed to stage 3, 4, and non-stageable lesions, as well as more PU/PI on face skin and other less common locations. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a higher PU/PI incidence. ICU patients were older during the pandemic, had higher body mass index and comorbidities, and needed more invasive medical devices and pronation. The occurrence of PU/PI was also associated with prolonged hospitalization and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio V Oliveira
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro S Coltro
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Altacílio A Nunes
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cintia F B Biaziolo
- Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus C Ferreira
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jayme A Farina-Junior
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhu Z, Zheng Y, Zhu D. Douyin as a source of information and education on humeral supracondylar fracture of children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chinese Mainland: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34104. [PMID: 37352075 PMCID: PMC10289545 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether Douyin videos on pediatric humeral supracondylar fractures could be a useful source during the COVID-19 pandemic. A search was conducted using the term "humeral supracondylar fracture of children" on Douyin. The top 100 videos were selected based on view count. 74 was the final analysis, after excluding 26 videos for various reasons. First, the videos were classified into medical and the non-medical groups based on authorship. The medical team videos were about explanations or detailed surgical procedures directly related to child's fracture. There were also non-medical videos, mostly about personal experiences and other things. The videos were then also divided into 2 groups abased on the year of COVID-19 pandemic. The number of views, content type, video duration and number of likes about the video were analyzed. Among the 74 videos included in this study, had a total of 19,647,988 views (median 205,129, range 7874-1,495,004). Compared to the medical group, the non-medical group had more views (P = .004), likes (P = .000), view ratio (P = .019), and video power index (P = .024). During the COVID-19 pandemic, views (P = .033), view ratio (P = .006), and video power index (P = .043) also increased. Douyin has been a valuable source of health information for patients during COVID-19 pandemic regarding the occurrence of humeral supracondylar fracture in children. Medical professionals and institutions should upload credible, informative videos and clear, high-quality, scientifically reviewed surgical footage of children with humeral supracondylar fracture. And the videos uploaded by medical professionals and filtered by Douyin's staff appear to be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
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10
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Dusart C, Smet J, Chirumberro A, André S, Roman A, Claus M, Bruyneel AV, Menez O, Alard S, De Vos N, Bruyneel M. Pulmonary Functional Outcomes at 3 Months in Critical COVID-19 Survivors Hospitalized during the First, Second, and Third Pandemic Waves. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113712. [PMID: 37297906 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite improved management of patients with COVID-19, we still ignore whether pharmacologic treatments and improved respiratory support have modified outcomes for intensive care unit (ICU) surviving patients of the three first consecutive waves (w) of the pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether developments in the management of ICU COVID-19 patients have positively impacted respiratory functional outcomes, quality of life (QoL), and chest CT scan patterns in ICU COVID-19 surviving patients at 3 months, according to pandemic waves. METHODS We prospectively included all patients admitted to the ICU of two university hospitals with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to COVID-19. Data related to hospitalization (disease severity, complications), demographics, and medical history were collected. Patients were assessed 3 months post-ICU discharge using a 6 min walking distance test (6MWT), a pulmonary function test (PFT), a respiratory muscle strength (RMS) test, a chest CT scan, and a Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. RESULTS We included 84 ARDS COVID-19 surviving patients. Disease severity, complications, demographics, and comorbidities were similar between groups, but there were more women in wave 3 (w3). Length of stay at the hospital was shorter during w3 vs. during wave 1 (w1) (23.4 ± 14.2 days vs. 34.7 ± 20.8 days, p = 0.0304). Fewer patients required mechanical ventilation (MV) during the second wave (w2) vs. during w1 (33.3% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.0038). Assessment at 3 months after ICU discharge revealed that PFTs and 6MWTs scores were worse for w3 > w2 > w1. QoL (SF-36) deteriorated (vitality and mental health) more for patients in w1 vs. in w3 (64.7 ± 16.3 vs. 49.2 ± 23.2, p = 0.0169). Mechanical ventilation was associated with reduced forced expiratory volume (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and respiratory muscle strength (RMS) (w1,2,3, p < 0.0500) on linear/logistic regression analysis. The use of glucocorticoids, as well as tocilizumab, was associated with improvements in the number of affected segments in chest CT, FEV1, TLC, and DLCO (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS With better understanding and management of COVID-19, there was an improvement in PFT, 6MWT, and RMS in ICU survivors 3 months after ICU discharge, regardless of the pandemic wave during which they were hospitalized. However, immunomodulation and improved best practices for the management of COVID-19 do not appear to be sufficient to prevent significant morbidity in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Dusart
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jelle Smet
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Chirumberro
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephanie André
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Brugmann, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Roman
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- GDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Claus
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- GDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne-Violette Bruyneel
- Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ophelie Menez
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephane Alard
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Vos
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, LHUB-ULB, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Bruyneel
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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Munir MZ, Khan AH, Khan TM. Clinical Disease Characteristics and Treatment Trajectories Associated with Mortality among COVID-19 Patients in Punjab, Pakistan. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081192. [PMID: 37108026 PMCID: PMC10138068 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on Pakistani COVID-19 patient mortality predictors is limited. It is essential to comprehend the relationship between disease characteristics, medications used, and mortality for better patient outcomes. METHODS The medical records of confirmed cases in the Lahore and Sargodha districts were examined using a two-stage cluster sampling from March 2021 to March 2022. Demographics, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, and pharmacological medications as mortality indicators were noted and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 288 deaths occurred out of the 1000 cases. Death rates were higher for males and people over 40. Most of those who were mechanically ventilated perished (OR: 124.2). Dyspnea, fever, and cough were common symptoms, with a significant association amid SpO2 < 95% (OR: 3.2), RR > 20 breaths/min (OR: 2.5), and mortality. Patients with renal (OR: 2.3) or liver failure (OR: 1.5) were at risk. Raised C-reactive protein (OR: 2.9) and D-dimer levels were the indicators of mortality (OR: 1.6). The most prescribed drugs were antibiotics, (77.9%), corticosteroids (54.8%), anticoagulants (34%), tocilizumab (20.3%), and ivermectin (9.2%). CONCLUSIONS Older males having breathing difficulties or signs of organ failure with raised C-reactive protein or D-dimer levels had high mortality. Antivirals, corticosteroids, tocilizumab, and ivermectin had better outcomes; antivirals were associated with lower mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zeeshan Munir
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amer Hayat Khan
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Tahir Mehmood Khan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia Sdn Bhd, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Banday Sunway, Subang Jaya 45700, Selangor, Malaysia
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12
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Duarsa GWK, Sugianto R, Yusari IGAAA, Tirtayasa PMW, Situmorang GR, Rasyid N, Rodjani A, Daryanto B, Seputra KP, Satyagraha P. Predictor factor for worse outcomes in kidney transplant recipients infected with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transpl Immunol 2023; 76:101739. [PMID: 36414181 PMCID: PMC9675086 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a massive impact on the health sector, especially in patients with pre-existing comorbidities. This study aims to define the predictor factors for worse outcomes in kidney transplant patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We have analyzed in these patients their prior medical history, their clinical symptoms, and their laboratory results. METHOD We assessed outcomes of kidney transplant patients with confirmed COVID-19 until July 2021 from PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Cochrane databases, EMBASE, Scopus, and EBSCO. We performed meta-analyses of nine published studies to estimate predictor factors. The analysis was analyzed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and then using the Review Manager 5.4 software. RESULT Our analysis demonstrated that the most significant risk factors for the worse COVID-19 outcomes for kidney transplant patients included: age of 60 and older [MD 9.31(95% CI, 6.31-12.30), p < 0.0001, I2 = 76%], diabetic nephropathy [OR 2.13 (95% CI, 1.49-3.04), p < 0.0001, I2 = 76%], dyspnea [OR 4.53, (95% CI, 2.22-9.22), p < 0.0001, I2 = 76%], acute kidney injury (AKI) [OR 4.53 (95% CI, 1.10-5.21), p = 0.03, I2 = 58%], and some laboratory markers. Many patients had two or multiple risk factors in combination. CONCLUSION Age and several comorbidities were the most significant factors for COVID-19 outcomes for kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gede Wirya Kusuma Duarsa
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.
| | - Ronald Sugianto
- Medical Doctor Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.
| | | | - Pande Made Wisnu Tirtayasa
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Universitas Udayana Teaching Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.
| | - Gerhard Reinaldi Situmorang
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Nur Rasyid
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Arry Rodjani
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Besut Daryanto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Kurnia Penta Seputra
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Paksi Satyagraha
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia.
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Behzadi A, imani S, Deravi N, Mohammad Taheri Z, mohammadian F, moraveji Z, Shavysi S, Mostafaloo M, Soleimani Hadidi F, Nanbakhsh S, Olangian-Tehrani S, Marabi MH, behshood P, Poudineh M, Kheirandish A, Keylani K, Behfarnia P. Antiviral Potential of Melissa officinalis L.: A Literature Review. Nutr Metab Insights 2023; 16:11786388221146683. [PMID: 36655201 PMCID: PMC9841880 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221146683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic drugs has increased in recent years; however, herbal medicine is yet more trusted among a huge population worldwide; This could be due to minimal side effects, affordable prices, and traditional beliefs. Lemongrass (Melissa officinalis) has been widely used for reducing stress and anxiety, increasing appetite and sleep, reducing pain, healing wounds, and treating poisonous insect bites and bee stings for a long time. Today, research has shown that this plant can also fight viruses including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) through various mechanisms such as inhibiting HSV-1 from binding to host cell, inhibiting HSV-1 replication during the post-adsorption or inhibiting main protease and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, furthermore, be effective in treating related diseases. This Review investigated the antiviral properties of Melissa officinalis and its effect on viral diseases. More in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to determine Melissa officinaliss underlying mechanism, and more randomized controlled trials should be done to identify its effect in humans. Also, due to the usefulness and lack of side effects, it can be used more as a complementary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Behzadi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Avicennet, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh imani
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - fatemeh mohammadian
- Student Research Committee, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - zahra moraveji
- Student Research Committee, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shavysi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Mostafaloo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Soleimani Hadidi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Nanbakhsh
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Avicennet, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Olangian-Tehrani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Avicennet, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hesam Marabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa behshood
- Department of Microbiology, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Kheirandish
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kimia Keylani
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooya Behfarnia
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Bostan P, Çetin N, Altınışık G. A Retrospective Assessment of the Continuous Health Care Provided to COVID-19 Patients Consulted Via Videoconference. THORACIC RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023; 24:14-21. [PMID: 37503594 PMCID: PMC10765214 DOI: 10.5152/thoracrespract.2023.22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Telemedicine has been defined as a valuable tool in delivering care for COVID-19 patients. However, clinicians and policymakers should be convinced that traditional and new technological methods of clinical management may be equally effective. The purpose of this study was to generate some initial recommendations based on the clinical utility of videoconference consultation in forward triage and follow-up for COVID-19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the medical records of 100 COVID-19 patients consulted using a videoconference program (Skype), from September 1, 2020, to February 3, 2021. The data were analyzed on demographic characteristics, disease history, the need for physical examination after videoconference consultation, pre-diagnostics and diagnostics, treatment decisions, number of videoconference consultation sessions in follow-up, duration of sessions, and final outcome. RESULTS The male COVID-19 patients constituted 54% of the total sample. The median age was 51 (42-61) years. The median duration of the initial videoconference consultation session was 16 (12-21) minutes. Following the initial videoconference consultation session, 14 patients required follow-up with all face-to-face visits; the remaining patients were primarily followed with videoconference consultation sessions. For 25 patients, it was sufficient to provide only videoconference consultation sessions; they were not required to be in the hospital for physical examination or any subsequent investigation at all. A total of 14 patients were hospitalized. There was no statistically significant difference between the high-risk group and the other patients according to the components of the disease management process via videoconference consultation. CONCLUSION Videoconference consultation enables a holistic assessment regardless of the patient's characteristics and allows for more time to be spent on each patient, particularly during the pandemic period without risk of contagion. It can be used as a forward triage and follow-up tool to identify patients in need of emergency hospitalization and continuous health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Bostan
- İstanbul Bilgi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Çetin
- Department of Chest Diseases, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Göksel Altınışık
- Department of Chest Diseases, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
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15
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Zheng Z, Liang C, Li Z, Wu Y, Lin B, Fang J. Mask-Wearing and Handwashing Behaviors of Chinese Rural Residents during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:779. [PMID: 36613099 PMCID: PMC9819408 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand mask-wearing and handwashing behaviors of Chinese rural residents during the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze the associated factors. METHODS This study used a multi-stage random sampling method to conduct a cross-sectional questionnaire survey during the period of July to December of 2021, in six counties located in Shandong, Shanxi, and Yunnan provinces representing the eastern, central, and western regions of China, respectively. A total of 3864 villagers were surveyed with a questionnaire, and 3832 valid questionnaires were finally analyzed. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Around ninety-four percent (93.6%) of rural residents reported mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic, but only 44.5% of them could replace masks in time. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that those who were female, aged 15-59, had an education level of high school and above, were divorced/widowed, worked as farmers (workers), or were rural residents in Shandong Province were more likely to wear masks. Furthermore, those who were female, aged 15-59, had an education level of high school and above, were unmarried and married, were business and service workers, or were rural residents in Shandong and Shanxi Province replaced masks more timely. Around seventy percent (69.7%) of rural residents reported using soap when washing their hands, but only 38.0% of rural residents could wash their hands properly. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rural residents who were aged 35-59, had an education of high school and above, or lived in Shandong Province and Shanxi Province were more likely to wash their hands with soap. Those who were aged 15-59, had an education of high school and above, worked as farmers (workers), were employees of governmental departments and retirees, were business and service workers, or were students had higher proper handwashing rates. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of Chinese rural residents wearing masks reached 93.6%, but only 44.5% were able to replace masks in time, gender, age, education level, marital status, occupation, and living place had an impact on mask-wearing. The proportion of Chinese rural residents who could wash hands with soap reached 69.7%, but only 38.0% could wash their hands properly. Age and education level were influencing factors for both washing-hand with soap and proper handwashing.
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16
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Fernández-Lázaro D, Santamaría G, Sánchez-Serrano N, Lantarón Caeiro E, Seco-Calvo J. Efficacy of Therapeutic Exercise in Reversing Decreased Strength, Impaired Respiratory Function, Decreased Physical Fitness, and Decreased Quality of Life Caused by the Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Viruses 2022; 14:2797. [PMID: 36560801 PMCID: PMC9784943 DOI: 10.3390/v14122797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current global scenario, many COVID-19 survivors present a severe deterioration in physical strength, respiratory function, and quality of life due to persistent symptoms and post-acute consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These alterations are known as post-COVID-19 syndrome for which there is no specific and effective treatment for their management. Currently, therapeutic exercise strategies (ThEx) are effective in many diseases by reducing the appearance of complications and side effects linked to treatment, and are consequently of great relevance. In this study, we review the effect of ThEX in reversing decreased strength, impaired respiratory function, decreased physical fitness, and decreased quality of life (QoL) caused by post-COVID-19 syndrome. A literature search was conducted through the electronic databases, Medline (PubMed), SciELO and Cochrane Library Plus for this structured narrative review for studies published from database retrieval up till 12 December 2022. A total of 433 patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome condition (60% women) were included in the nine studies which met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Overall, post-COVID-19 syndrome patients who followed a ThEx intervention showed improvements in strength, respiratory function, physical fitness and QoL, with no exercise-derived side effects. Thus, ThEx based on strength, aerobic and respiratory training could be an adjuvant non-pharmacological tool in the modulation of post-COVID-19 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Fernández-Lázaro
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain
- Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Gema Santamaría
- Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain
| | - Nerea Sánchez-Serrano
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain
- Microbiology Unit of Soria University Assistance Complex (CAUSO), Santa Bárbara Hospital, Castille and Leon Health (SACyL), 42003 Soria, Spain
| | - Eva Lantarón Caeiro
- Physiotherapy Group FS1, General Surgery Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Vigo, 36005 Ponteveda, Spain
| | - Jesús Seco-Calvo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Campus de Vegazana, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, 48900 Leioa, Spain
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17
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Zhang YF, Zhao Q. Comparison of Chest CT and RT-PCR Assay for Indication of Disease Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia. Curr Med Imaging 2022; 18:1462-1469. [PMID: 35579141 DOI: 10.2174/1573405618666220509115914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 patients' courses vary in length, indicating a variable prognosis. The disease duration revealed by different examination methods may differ. OBJECTIVE The study aims to compare the differences in the disease course of patients with COVID-19 by chest computed tomography (CT) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and explore the factors that affect the course of the illness. METHODS 106 patients confirmed with COVID-19 were enrolled and divided into two groups (age <60 years and age ≥60 years). The clinical characteristics of the two groups were analyzed. The intervals from symptoms onset to initial positive time point (ISIP), symptoms onset to the initial negative time point (ISIN), and initial positive to initial negative time point (IIPN) indicated by chest CT and RTPCR assay were analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the correlations between independent factors and the intervals. RESULTS Chest CT showed an earlier positive time point, a later negative time point, and a longer disease duration than the RT-PCR assay (P<.001, respectively). Older patients over 60 years old showed a later negative time point and a longer disease duration by chest CT than younger patients (P<.01 vs. P<.05, respectively). The CT score and clinical grades of older patients were greater than those of younger patients (P<.001, respectively). Age and clinical grades were significantly correlated with the disease course shown by chest CT (P<.05, respectively), and CT score was positively correlated with the illness course shown by chest CT and RT-PCR assay (P<.01, respectively). CONCLUSION The disease course revealed by chest CT and RT-PCR assay was asynchronous. Chest CT showed a 17-day longer period compared to the RT-PCR assay. Older patients had a longer duration than younger ones. A prolonged course is predicted by increasing age, CT score, and clinical grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Fifth Hospital in Wuhan, 430050, P.R. China
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18
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Svačina MKR, Meißner A, Schweitzer F, Ladwig A, Sprenger‐Svačina A, Klein I, Wüstenberg H, Kohle F, Schneider C, Grether NB, Wunderlich G, Fink GR, Klein F, Di Cristanziano V, Lehmann HC. Antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination in intravenous immunoglobulin-treated immune neuropathies. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:3380-3388. [PMID: 35842740 PMCID: PMC9349681 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study assessed the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in therapeutic immunoglobulin and their impact on serological response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in patients with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg)-treated chronic immune neuropathies. METHODS Forty-six samples of different brands or lots of IVIg or subcutaneous IgG were analyzed for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Blood sera from 16 patients with immune neuropathies were prospectively analyzed for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA, IgG, and IgM before and 1 week after IVIg infusion subsequent to consecutive COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses and after 12 weeks. These were compared to 42 healthy subjects. RESULTS Twenty-four (52%) therapeutic immunoglobulin samples contained anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. All patients with immune neuropathies (mean age = 65 ± 16 years, 25% female) were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG after COVID-19 vaccination. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA titers significantly decreased 12-14 weeks after vaccination (p = 0.02), whereas IgG titers remained stable (p = 0.2). IVIg did not significantly reduce intraindividual anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA/IgG serum titers in immune neuropathies (p = 0.69). IVIg-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG did not alter serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG decrease after IVIg administration (p = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that IVIg does not impair the antibody response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in a short-term observation, when administered a minimum of 2 weeks after each vaccine dose. The infusion of current IVIg preparations that contain anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG does not significantly alter serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin K. R. Svačina
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Anika Meißner
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Finja Schweitzer
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Anne Ladwig
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Alina Sprenger‐Svačina
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Ines Klein
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Hauke Wüstenberg
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Felix Kohle
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Christian Schneider
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Nicolai B. Grether
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Gilbert Wunderlich
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Gereon R. Fink
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Research Center JuelichInstitute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM‐3)JuelichGermany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Helmar C. Lehmann
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
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Diniz LRL, Elshabrawy HA, Souza MTS, Duarte ABS, Madhav N, de Sousa DP. Renoprotective Effects of Luteolin: Therapeutic Potential for COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injuries. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1544. [PMID: 36358895 PMCID: PMC9687696 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been increasingly reported in critically-ill COVID-19 patients. Moreover, there was significant positive correlation between COVID-19 deaths and renal disorders in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with underlying comorbidities who required renal replacement therapy. It has suggested that death in COVID-19 patients with AKI is 3-fold higher than in COVID-19 patients without AKI. The pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated AKI could be attributed to unspecific mechanisms, as well as COVID-19-specific mechanisms such as direct cellular injury, an imbalanced renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, pro-inflammatory cytokines elicited by the viral infection and thrombotic events. To date, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 and its associated AKI. Luteolin is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities, including anticoronavirus, as well as renoprotective activities against kidney injury induced by sepsis, renal ischemia and diverse nephrotoxic agents. Therefore, in this review, we mechanistically discuss the anti-SARS-CoV-2 and renoprotective activities of luteolin, which highlight its therapeutic potential in COVID-19-AKI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hatem A. Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
| | | | | | - Nikhil Madhav
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
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20
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Preface of the Special Issue "COVID-19 Infection and Hematological Malignancies". Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184497. [PMID: 36139657 PMCID: PMC9496995 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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21
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Haberland E, Haberland J, Richter S, Schmid M, Hromek J, Zimmermann H, Geng S, Winterer H, Schneider S, Kollum M. Seven Months after Mild COVID-19: A Single-Centre Controlled Follow-Up Study in the District of Constance (FSC19-KN). Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:8373697. [PMID: 36035510 PMCID: PMC9391166 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8373697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The primary aim of the study was to investigate the rate of hospitalization and admission diagnoses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive patients seven months after initial infection. Secondarily, measurement of long-term effects on physical performance, quality of life, and functional outcome was intended. Design The study is designed as a controlled follow-up of COVID-19 cases in the district of Constance (FSC19-KN). Setting. A controlled setting is provided due to the recruitment of an equally sized cohort consisting of age- and gender-matched subjects featuring similar cardiovascular risk profiles and negative SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers. Participants. The study examines 206 subjects after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection seven months after initial infection. Exposure. Infection in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group occurred between March and December 2020. Main Outcome and Measures. The frequency of inpatient admission during the observational period including the related diagnosis was defined as the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were health-related quality of life, physical performance, and functional outcome measured by European Quality of Life-5-Dimensions-5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), Short Form Health 36 (SF-36), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS). Results The study population consisted of mainly nonhospitalized subjects. During the first seven months of observation, frequency of inpatient admission was low and did not differ significantly between both groups (2.4% vs. 2.9% controls: OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.2 to 2.8). Calculation of six-minute walk distance ratios showed no significant difference between both cohorts (0.97 ± 0.17 vs. 0.98 ± 0.16 controls; mean difference -0.01; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.02). However, SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects achieved significantly lower EQ-5D-5L index scores (0.92 ± 0.12 vs. 0.95 ± 0.1 controls; mean difference -0.03, 95% CI -0.05 to -0.01) and SF-36 subscores. Reduced PCFS was reported significantly more often in the SARS-CoV-2 positive cohort (30.6% vs 14.6% controls: OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.6 to 4.2). Conclusion The results suggest that mild COVID-19 has no impact on the hospitalization rate during the first seven months after infection. Despite unimpaired performance in cardiopulmonary exercise, SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects reported reduced quality of life and functional sequelae. Underlying psychoneurological mechanisms need further investigation. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT04724434) and German Clinical Trials Register (identifier: DKRS00022409).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Haberland
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Jonas Haberland
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Stephan Richter
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Michael Schmid
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Julia Hromek
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Heidi Zimmermann
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Sabrina Geng
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
| | - Hannes Winterer
- Landratsamt Konstanz, Amt für Gesundheit und Versorgung—Gesundheitsamt, Scheffelstraße 15, Radolfzell 78315, Germany
| | - Steffen Schneider
- Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Bremserstr. 79, Ludwigshafen 67063, Germany
| | - Marc Kollum
- Hegau Bodensee Klinikum Singen, Gesundheitsverbund Landkreis Konstanz, Virchow Str. 10, Singen 78224, Germany
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22
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Modemann F, Ghandili S, Schmiedel S, Weisel K, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W. COVID-19 and Adult Acute Leukemia: Our Knowledge in Progress. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3711. [PMID: 35954374 PMCID: PMC9367547 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of publications regarding SARS-CoV-2 infections in adult patients with acute leukemia (AL) refer to hematological patients in general and are not focused on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We herein report a review of the current literature on adult AL patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Overall, SARS-CoV-2-associated mortality ranges from 20-52% in patients with adult AL. AML patients have a particularly high COVID-19-related mortality. Of note, most of the available data relate to the pre-vaccination era and to variants before Omicron. The impact of COVID-19 infections on AL treatment is rarely reported. Based on the few studies available, treatment delay does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of relapse, whereas therapy discontinuation was associated with worse outcomes in AML patients. Therefore, the current recommendations suggest delaying systemic AL treatment in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients until SARS-CoV-2 negativity, if immediate AL treatment is not required. It is recommended to offer vaccination to all AL patients; the reported antibody responses are around 80-96%. Seronegative patients should additionally receive prophylactic administration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. Patients with AL infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be treated early with antiviral therapy to prevent disease progression and enable the rapid elimination of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Modemann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.W.); (C.B.); (W.F.)
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Ghandili
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.W.); (C.B.); (W.F.)
| | - Stefan Schmiedel
- The I. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.W.); (C.B.); (W.F.)
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.W.); (C.B.); (W.F.)
| | - Walter Fiedler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.W.); (C.B.); (W.F.)
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23
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Lou J, Wang B, Li J, Ni P, Jin Y, Chen S, Xi Y, Zhang R, Duan G. The CRISPR-Cas system as a tool for diagnosing and treating infectious diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11301-11311. [PMID: 35857175 PMCID: PMC9297709 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Emerging and relapsing infectious diseases pose a huge health threat to human health and a new challenge to global public health. Rapid, sensitive and simple diagnostic tools are keys to successful management of infectious patients and containment of disease transmission. In recent years, international research on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-related proteins (Cas) has revolutionized our understanding of biology. The CRISPR-Cas system has the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity, simple, rapid, low cost, and has begun to be used for molecular diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. In this paper, we described the biological principles, application fields and prospects of CRISPR-Cas system in the molecular diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, and compared it with existing molecular diagnosis methods, the advantages and disadvantages were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Ni
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuefei Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanlin Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. .,International School of Public Health and One Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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24
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Quesada-Gomez JM, Lopez-Miranda J, Entrenas-Castillo M, Casado-Díaz A, Nogues y Solans X, Mansur JL, Bouillon R. Vitamin D Endocrine System and COVID-19: Treatment with Calcifediol. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132716. [PMID: 35807895 PMCID: PMC9268645 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest challenge facing modern medicine and public health systems. The viral evolution of SARS-CoV-2, with the emergence of new variants with in-creased infectious potential, is a cause for concern. In addition, vaccination coverage remains in-sufficient worldwide. Therefore, there is a need to develop new therapeutic options, and/or to optimize the repositioning of drugs approved for other indications for COVID-19. This may include the use of calcifediol, the prohormone of the vitamin D endocrine system (VDES) as it may have potential useful effects for the treatment of COVID-19. We review the aspects associating COVID-19 with VDES and the potential use of calcifediol in COVID-19. VDES/VDR stimulation may enhance innate antiviral effector mechanisms, facilitating the induction of antimicrobial peptides/autophagy, with a critical modulatory role in the subsequent host reactive hyperinflammatory phase during COVID-19: By decreasing the cytokine/chemokine storm, regulating the renin–angiotensin–bradykinin system (RAAS), modulating neutrophil activity and maintaining the integrity of the pulmonary epithelial barrier, stimulating epithelial repair, and directly and indirectly decreasing the increased coagulability and prothrombotic tendency associated with severe COVID-19 and its complications. Available evidence suggests that VDES/VDR stimulation, while maintaining optimal serum 25OHD status, in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection may significantly reduce the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe COVID-19, with possible beneficial effects on the need for mechanical ventilation and/or intensive care unit (ICU) admission, as well as deaths in the course of the disease. The pharmacokinetic and functional characteristics of calcifediol give it superiority in rapidly optimizing 25OHD levels in COVID-19. A pilot study and several observational intervention studies using high doses of calcifediol (0.532 mg on day 1 and 0.266 mg on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28) dramatically decreased the need for ICU admission and the mortality rate. We, therefore, propose to use calcifediol at the doses described for the rapid correction of 25OHD deficiency in all patients in the early stages of COVID-19, in association, if necessary, with the new oral antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Quesada-Gomez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.-M.); (A.C.-D.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.M.Q.-G.); (R.B.)
| | - José Lopez-Miranda
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.-M.); (A.C.-D.)
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Casado-Díaz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.-M.); (A.C.-D.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Xavier Nogues y Solans
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Internal Medicine Department, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Mansur
- Centro de Endocrinología y Osteoporosis La Plata, Buenos Aires B1902ADQ, Argentina;
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: (J.M.Q.-G.); (R.B.)
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25
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Sagulkoo P, Chuntakaruk H, Rungrotmongkol T, Suratanee A, Plaimas K. Multi-Level Biological Network Analysis and Drug Repurposing Based on Leukocyte Transcriptomics in Severe COVID-19: In Silico Systems Biology to Precision Medicine. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071030. [PMID: 35887528 PMCID: PMC9319133 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes many morbidity and mortality cases. Despite several developed vaccines and antiviral therapies, some patients experience severe conditions that need intensive care units (ICU); therefore, precision medicine is necessary to predict and treat these patients using novel biomarkers and targeted drugs. In this study, we proposed a multi-level biological network analysis framework to identify key genes via protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis as well as survival analysis based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leukocyte transcriptomic profiles, discover novel biomarkers using microRNAs (miRNA) from regulatory network analysis, and provide candidate drugs targeting the key genes using drug–gene interaction network and structural analysis. The results show that upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in cell division, cell cycle, and innate immune signaling pathways. Downregulated DEGs were primarily concentrated in the cellular response to stress, lysosome, glycosaminoglycan catabolic process, and mature B cell differentiation. Regulatory network analysis revealed that hsa-miR-6792-5p, hsa-let-7b-5p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-92a-3p, and hsa-miR-146a-5p were predicted biomarkers. CDC25A, GUSB, MYBL2, and SDAD1 were identified as key genes in severe COVID-19. In addition, drug repurposing from drug–gene and drug–protein database searching and molecular docking showed that camptothecin and doxorubicin were candidate drugs interacting with the key genes. In conclusion, multi-level systems biology analysis plays an important role in precision medicine by finding novel biomarkers and targeted drugs based on key gene identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakorn Sagulkoo
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (H.C.); (T.R.)
- Center of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hathaichanok Chuntakaruk
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (H.C.); (T.R.)
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (H.C.); (T.R.)
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand;
- Intelligent and Nonlinear Dynamics Innovations Research Center, Science and Technology Research Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (H.C.); (T.R.)
- Advance Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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26
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Park JJ, Seo YB, Lee J, Na SH, Choi YK. Protocol and clinical characteristics of patients under 'at-home care' for COVID-19 in South Korea: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061765. [PMID: 35654461 PMCID: PMC9163004 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the number of patients with COVID-19 increased, at-home care was introduced for the first time in South Korea. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics and outcomes of patients who were treated under at-home care. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study targeted patients under at-home care for COVID-19 in Yeongdeungpo-gu in Seoul, Korea, from 18 October 2021 to 12 December 2021. The public health centre selected eligible patients for at-home care and registered with our institution. Nurses monitored patients, and doctors decided to transfer healthcare facilities and release the quarantined patients according to their symptoms. OUTCOME MEASURES Patient characteristics during the course of at-home care. RESULTS A total of 1422 patients were enrolled and 9574 patient-days were managed. Most patients were aged ≥60 years (22.7% (n=323)), and 82.8% did not have underlying conditions. The median length of care for patients was 8 days (IQR: 5-10 days). During the study period, 986 (69.3%) patients were released from quarantine, 82 (5.8%) patients were transferred to facilities and 354 (24.9%) patients were still under at-home care at the end of the study period. The most common cause of transfer was sustained fever (n=30; 36.6%), followed by dyspnoea and desaturation (n=17; 20.7%). Factors associated with transfer were diabetes (OR: 3.591, 95% CI 1.488 to 8.665, p=0.004), pregnancy (OR: 5.839, 95% CI 1.035 to 32.935, p=0.046) and being presymptomatic at diagnosis (OR: 4.015, 95% CI 1.559 to 10.337, p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS There were no specific problems related to patient safety when operating at-home care. Patients with risk factors, such as diabetes, were more likely to be transferred to healthcare facilities. For safe at-home care, it is necessary to prepare for an appropriate response to the emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ju Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Yu Bin Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jacob Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sun Hee Na
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Young Kyun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, South Korea
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27
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Iciek M, Bilska-Wilkosz A, Kozdrowicki M, Górny M. Reactive Sulfur Compounds in the Fight against COVID-19. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061053. [PMID: 35739949 PMCID: PMC9220020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic outbreak in 2019 resulted in the need to search for an effective and safe strategy for treating infected patients, relieving symptoms, and preventing severe disease. SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that can cause acute respiratory failure and thrombosis, as well as impair circulatory system function. Permanent damage to the heart muscle or other cardiovascular disorders may occur during or after the infection. The severe course of the disease is associated with the release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Due to their documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral effects, reactive sulfur compounds, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), lipoic acid (LA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), glutathione (GSH), and some other lesser-known sulfur compounds, have attracted the interest of scientists for the treatment and prevention of the adverse effects of diseases caused by SARS-CoV-2. This article reviews current knowledge about various endogenous or exogenous reactive sulfur compounds and discusses the possibility, or in some cases the results, of their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of COVID-19.
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Adler UC, Adler MS, Padula AEM, Hotta LM, de Toledo Cesar A, Diniz JNM, de Freitas Santos H, Martinez EZ. Homeopathy for COVID-19 in primary care: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (COVID-Simile study). JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 20:221-229. [PMID: 35339397 PMCID: PMC8917006 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different homeopathic approaches have been used as supportive care for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, but none has been tested in a clinical trial. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness and safety of the homeopathic medicine, Natrum muriaticum LM2, for mild cases of COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS A randomized, double-blind, two-armed, parallel, single-center, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from June 2020 to April 2021 in São-Carlos, Brazil. Participants aged > 18 years, with influenza-like symptoms and positive result from a real-time polymerase chain reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were recruited and randomized (1:1) into two groups that received different treatments during a period of at-home-isolation. One group received the homeopathic medicine Natrum muriaticum, prepared with the second degree of the fifty-millesimal dynamization (LM2; Natrum muriaticum LM2), while the other group received a placebo. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was time until recovery from COVID-19 influenza-like symptoms. Secondary measures included a survival analysis of the number and severity of COVID-19 symptoms (influenza-like symptoms plus anosmia and ageusia) from a symptom grading scale that was informed by the participant, hospital admissions, and adverse events. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate time-to-event (survival) measures. RESULTS Data from 86 participants were analyzed (homeopathy, n = 42; placebo, n = 44). There was no difference in time to recovery between two groups among participants who were reporting influenza-like symptoms at the beginning of monitoring (homeopathy, n = 41; placebo, n = 41; P = 0.56), nor in a sub-group that had at least 5 moderate to severe influenza-like symptoms at the beginning of monitoring (homeopathy, n = 15; placebo, n = 17; P = 0.06). Secondary outcomes indicated that a 50% reduction in symptom score was achieved significantly earlier in the homeopathy group (homeopathy, n = 24; placebo, n = 25; P = 0.04), among the participants with a basal symptom score ≥ 5. Moreover, values of restricted mean survival time indicated that patients receiving homeopathy might have improved 0.9 days faster during the first five days of follow-up (P = 0.022). Hospitalization rates were 2.4% in the homeopathy group and 6.8% in the placebo group (P = 0.62). Participants reported 3 adverse events in the homeopathy group and 6 in the placebo group. CONCLUSION Results showed that Natrum muriaticum LM2 was safe to use for COVID-19, but there was no statistically significant difference in the primary endpoints of Natrum muriaticum LM2 and placebo for mild COVID-19 cases. Although some secondary measures do not support the null hypothesis, the wide confidence intervals suggest that further studies with larger sample sizes and more symptomatic participants are needed to test the effectiveness of homeopathic Natrum muriaticum LM2 for COVID-19. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ID: JPRN-UMIN000040602.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Elisa Madureira Padula
- Homeopathy Solidarity Outpatient Extension Program, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil
| | - Livia Mitchiguian Hotta
- Municipal Center for Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health, Guarulhos 07023-051, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helen de Freitas Santos
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, Birigui 16201-407, Brazil
| | - Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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Circulating microRNA profiling is altered in the acute respiratory distress syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6929. [PMID: 35484171 PMCID: PMC9047579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10738-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an induced immune dysregulation, in some cases resulting in cytokine storm syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Several physiological parameters are altered as a result of infection and cytokine storm. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) might reflect this poor condition since they play a significant role in immune cellular performance including inflammatory responses. Circulating miRNAs in patients who underwent ARDS and needed mechanical ventilation (MV+; n = 15) were analyzed by next generation sequencing in comparison with patients who had COVID-19 poor symptoms but without intensive care unit requirement (MV−; n = 13). A comprehensive in silico analysis by integration with public gene expression dataset and pathway enrichment was performed. Whole miRNA sequencing identified 170 differentially expressed miRNAs between patient groups. After the validation step by qPCR in an independent sample set (MV+ = 10 vs. MV− = 10), the miR-369-3p was found significantly decreased in MV+ patients (Fold change − 2.7). After integrating with gene expression results from COVID-19 patients, the most significant GO enriched pathways were acute inflammatory response, regulation of transmembrane receptor protein Ser/Thr, fat cell differentiation, and regulation of biomineralization and ossification. In conclusion, miR-369-3p was altered in patients with mechanical ventilation requirement in comparison with COVID-19 patients without this requirement. This miRNA is involved in inflammatory response which it can be considered as a prognosis factor for ARDS in COVID-19 patients.
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García-Ríos E, Leivas A, Mancebo FJ, Sánchez-Vega L, Lanzarot D, Aguado JM, Martínez-López J, Paciello ML, Pérez-Romero P. Isolation of Functional SARS-CoV-2 Antigen-Specific T-Cells with Specific Viral Cytotoxic Activity for Adoptive Therapy of COVID-19. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030630. [PMID: 35327433 PMCID: PMC8944951 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to demonstrate the feasibility of preparing clinical-grade SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells from convalescent donors and the ability of these cells to neutralize the virus in vitro, we used blood collected from two COVID-19 convalescent donors (before and after vaccination) that was stimulated with specific SARS-CoV-2 peptides followed by automated T-cell isolation using the CliniMacs Prodigy medical device. To determine cytotoxic activity, HEK 293T cells were transfected to express the SARS-CoV-2 M protein, mimicking SARS-CoV-2 infection. We were able to quickly and efficiently isolate SARS-CoV-2-specific T lymphocytes from both donors before and after they received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. Althoughbefore vaccination, the final product contained up to 7.42% and 30.19% of IFN-γ+ CD3+ T-cells from donor 1 and donor 2, respectively, we observed an enrichment of the IFN-γ+ CD3+ T-cells after vaccination, reaching 70.47% and 42.59%, respectively. At pre-vaccination, the isolated SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells exhibited cytotoxic activity that was significantly higher than that of unstimulated controls (donor 2: 15.41%, p-value 3.27 × 10−3). The cytotoxic activity of the isolated SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells also significantly increased after vaccination (donor 1: 32.71%, p-value 1.44 × 10−5; donor 2: 33.38%, p-value 3.13 × 10−6). In conclusion, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells can quickly and efficiently be stimulated from the blood of convalescent donors using SARS-CoV-2-specific peptides followed by automated isolation. Vaccinated convalescent donors have a higher percentage of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells and may be more suitable as donors. Although further studies are needed to assess the clinical utility of the functional isolated SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells in patients, previous studies using the same stimulation and isolation methods applied to other pathologies support this idea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estéfani García-Ríos
- National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Majadahonda, 28221 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-R.); (F.J.M.); (P.P.-R.)
- Department of Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia—VIU, PintorSorolla 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandra Leivas
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre—Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (L.S.-V.); (J.M.-L.)
- H12O-CNIO Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Mancebo
- National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Majadahonda, 28221 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-R.); (F.J.M.); (P.P.-R.)
| | - Laura Sánchez-Vega
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre—Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (L.S.-V.); (J.M.-L.)
- H12O-CNIO Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José María Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre—Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (L.S.-V.); (J.M.-L.)
- H12O-CNIO Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Liz Paciello
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre—Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (L.S.-V.); (J.M.-L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-620351421
| | - Pilar Pérez-Romero
- National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Majadahonda, 28221 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-R.); (F.J.M.); (P.P.-R.)
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Kanwar BA, Khattak A, Balentine J, Lee JH, Kast RE. Benefits of Using Dapsone in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020195. [PMID: 35214654 PMCID: PMC8879930 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, refractory and relentless hypoxia as a consequence of exuberant lung inflammation and parenchymal damage remains the main cause of death. We have earlier reported results of the addition of dapsone in this population to the standard of care. We now report a further chart review of discharge outcomes among patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The 2 × 2 table analysis showed a lower risk of death or discharge to LTAC (Long term acute care) (RR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.84) and a higher chance of discharge home (RR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.9) among patients receiving dapsone compared to those receiving the usual standard of care. A larger, blinded randomized trial should be carried out urgently to determine if dapsone indeed improves outcomes in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badar A. Kanwar
- Department of Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, TX 75401, USA; (A.K.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (B.A.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Asif Khattak
- Department of Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, TX 75401, USA; (A.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jenny Balentine
- Department of Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care, Hunt Regional Hospital, Greenville, TX 75401, USA; (A.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jong Hoon Lee
- Science and Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.A.K.); (J.H.L.)
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Toniutto P, D’Aurizio F, Cmet S, Cussigh A, Falleti E, Fabris C, Sartor E, Fornasiere E, Fumolo E, Bitetto D, Curcio F. Low risk of nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection in patients with liver disease admitted to a hepatology unit at an academic hospital: A single-center experience. Indian J Gastroenterol 2022; 41:292-299. [PMID: 35768749 PMCID: PMC9244468 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-022-01241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with liver disease may be at increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection due to immune dysfunction. However, the risk of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients remains unknown. This study aimed to determine whether patients with liver disease are at an increased risk of nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection upon admission to the hospital for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. METHODS The study prospectively enrolled 143 patients who were admitted at least once to the hepatology unit at our hospital; 95 patients (66%) were admitted at least twice during the study period. History of past symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 exposure was assessed on the day before hospital admission via an interview. Patients were evaluated for active SARS-CoV-2 infection via real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed on nasopharyngeal swabs and tests for serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. RESULTS None of the patients enrolled tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR at the first or the second clinical evaluation. One patient who had previously received a liver transplant and who had a history of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection that occurred 4 months before hospital admission tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG but not IgM antibodies at each of the two hospital admissions. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study suggest that patients with liver disease are at no increased risk of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data support the policy of maintaining clinical hospital checks that will be necessary until or possibly even after the completion of the current SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Toniutto
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Federica D’Aurizio
- Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Sara Cmet
- Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Annarosa Cussigh
- Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Edmondo Falleti
- Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Fabris
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Emma Sartor
- Microbiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Ezio Fornasiere
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Fumolo
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Davide Bitetto
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Curcio
- Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
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Kapustova L, Petrovicova O, Banovcin P, Antosova M, Bobcakova A, Urbancikova I, Rennerova Z, Jesenak M. COVID-19 and the differences in physiological background between children and adults and their clinical consequences. Physiol Res 2021; 70:S209-S225. [PMID: 34913353 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has indeed been one of the most significant problems facing the world in the last decade. It has affected (directly or indirectly) the entire population and all age groups. Children have accounted for 1.7 % to 2 % of the diagnosed cases of COVID-19. COVID-19 in children is usually associated with a mild course of the disease and a better survival rate than in adults. In this review, we investigate the different mechanisms which underlie this observation. Generally, we can say that the innate immune response of children is strong because they have a trained immunity, allowing the early control of infection at the site of entry. Suppressed adaptive immunity and a dysfunctional innate immune response is seen in adult patients with severe infections but not in children. This may relate to immunosenescence in the elderly. Another proposed factor is the different receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and their differences in expression between these age groups. In infants and toddlers, effective immune response to viral particles can be modulated by the pre-existing non-specific effect of live attenuated vaccines on innate immunity and vitamin D prophylaxis. However, all the proposed mechanisms require verification in larger cohorts of patients. Our knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 is still developing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kapustova
- Clinic of Pediatric Pneumology and Phthisiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. and Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Clinic of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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Promising Antiviral Activity of Agrimonia pilosa Phytochemicals against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Supported with In Vivo Mice Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121313. [PMID: 34959713 PMCID: PMC8709118 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The global emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has focused the entire world’s attention toward searching for a potential remedy for this disease. Thus, we investigated the antiviral activity of Agrimonia pilosa ethanol extract (APEE) against SARS-CoV-2 and it exhibited a potent antiviral activity with IC50 of 1.1 ± 0.03 µg/mL. Its mechanism of action was elucidated, and it exhibited a virucidal activity and an inhibition of viral adsorption. Moreover, it presented an immunomodulatory activity as it decreased the upregulation of gene expression of COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical fingerprint of APEE was conducted using LC-ESI-MS/MS technique for the first time. We detected 81 compounds and most of them belong to the flavonoid and coumarin classes. Interestingly, isoflavonoids, procyanidins, and anthocyanins were detected for the first time in A. pilosa. Moreover, the antioxidant activity was evidenced in DPPH (IC50 62.80 µg/mL) and ABTS (201.49 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/mg) radical scavenging, FRAP (60.84 mg TE/mg), and ORAC (306.54 mg TE/g) assays. Furthermore, the protective effect of APEE was investigated in Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Lung W/D ratio, serum IL-6, IL-18, IL-1β, HO-1, Caspase-1, caspase-3, TLR-4 expression, TAC, NO, MPO activity, and histopathological examination of lung tissues were assessed. APEE induced a marked downregulation in all inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis markers, and TLR-4 expression. In addition, it alleviated all histopathological abnormalities confirming the beneficial effects of APEE in ALI. Therefore, APEE could be a potential source for therapeutic compounds that could be investigated, in future preclinical and clinical trials, in the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
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Vlasov I, Panteleeva A, Usenko T, Nikolaev M, Izumchenko A, Gavrilova E, Shlyk I, Miroshnikova V, Shadrina M, Polushin Y, Pchelina S, Slonimsky P. Transcriptomic Profiles Reveal Downregulation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Receptor Pathway Activity in Patients Surviving Severe COVID-19. Cells 2021; 10:3495. [PMID: 34944005 PMCID: PMC8700658 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the biology of the lethal endpoint in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we compared the transcriptional response to the virus in patients who survived or died during severe COVID-19. We applied gene expression profiling to generate transcriptional signatures for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time when they were placed in the Intensive Care Unit of the Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg (Russia). Three different bioinformatics approaches to RNA-seq analysis identified a downregulation of three common pathways in survivors compared with nonsurvivors among patients with severe COVID-19, namely, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle receptor activity (GO:0005041), important for maintaining cholesterol homeostasis, leukocyte differentiation (GO:0002521), and cargo receptor activity (GO:0038024). Specifically, PBMCs from surviving patients were characterized by reduced expression of PPARG, CD36, STAB1, ITGAV, and ANXA2. Taken together, our findings suggest that LDL particle receptor pathway activity in patients with COVID-19 infection is associated with poor disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vlasov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexandra Panteleeva
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Tatiana Usenko
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Mikhael Nikolaev
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Artem Izumchenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Elena Gavrilova
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Irina Shlyk
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Valentina Miroshnikova
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Maria Shadrina
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Yurii Polushin
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Sofya Pchelina
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.P.); (T.U.); (M.N.); (E.G.); (I.S.); (V.M.); (Y.P.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
- Kurchatov Genome Center—PNPI, 188300 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr Slonimsky
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.); (M.S.)
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Patel G, Pielykh D, Patel SM, Patel MJ, Bhavsar K, Koritala T. COVID-19 Coronavirus-Induced Atypical Pneumonia: Efficacy of the Monoclonal Antibody Bevacizumab in Moderate to Severe Cases. Cureus 2021; 13:e18317. [PMID: 34725588 PMCID: PMC8553284 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 novel coronavirus has created a global pandemic. Affected patients may develop acute lung injury and its more severe form - acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hypoxia and severe inflammation increase the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which induces vascular endothelial proliferation. Administration of the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody bevacizumab is proposed for usage in moderate to severe pneumonia. We aim to present two cases of COVID-19 induced atypical pneumonia, which were treated with the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Pielykh
- Internal Medicine, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, UKR
| | | | - Meet J Patel
- Internal Medicine, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Kaushal Bhavsar
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, Sola Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, IND
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Pleșoianu AF, Pleșoianu CE, Bararu-Bojan Bararu I, Vlădeanu Apăvăloaei MC, Bojan A, Țăruș A, Tinică G. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the management of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A narrative review. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1296. [PMID: 34630651 PMCID: PMC8461514 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
What started with 41 hospitalized patients identified as having laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, by January 2, 2020, turned into an unprecedented pandemic with more than 113 million confirmed cases and a mortality exceeding 2.5 million deaths worldwide by the beginning of March 2021. Although the course of the disease is uneventful in most cases, there is a percentage of patients who become critically ill and need admission in the intensive care unit for severe respiratory failure. Numerous of these patients undergo invasive mechanical ventilation and have an extremely high mortality rate. For these patients, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a last standing resource. In the present study, the literature was reviewed to evaluate the worldwide data regarding the use of ECMO in the management of critically ill COVID-19 patients. ISI Thomson Web of Science was searched for articles with English language abstracts from inception to March 1, 2021, with ‘ECMO in COVID-19’ as key words. A total of 214 abstracts were screened (case reports, guidelines, reviews) and the most relevant articles were included in the present review. The use of ECMO in the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to conventional mechanical invasive ventilation is increasing. By increasing the survival rate from less than 20% to more than 50%, ECMO proved to be a valuable resource in the management of the most challenging critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Florin Pleșoianu
- Department of Surgical Science, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Pleșoianu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania.,Department of Clinical Cardiology, 'Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu' Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Iași 700503, Romania
| | - Iris Bararu-Bojan Bararu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Morpho-Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania
| | - Maria-Cristina Vlădeanu Apăvăloaei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Morpho-Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania
| | - Andrei Bojan
- Department of Surgical Science, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania
| | - Andrei Țăruș
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, 'Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu' Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Iași 700503, Romania
| | - Grigore Tinică
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași 700115, Romania.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, 'Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu' Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Iași 700503, Romania
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Nogues X, Ovejero D, Pineda-Moncusí M, Bouillon R, Arenas D, Pascual J, Ribes A, Guerri-Fernandez R, Villar-Garcia J, Rial A, Gimenez-Argente C, Cos ML, Rodriguez-Morera J, Campodarve I, Quesada-Gomez JM, Garcia-Giralt N. Calcifediol Treatment and COVID-19-Related Outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4017-e4027. [PMID: 34097036 PMCID: PMC8344647 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT COVID-19 is a major health problem because of saturation of intensive care units (ICU) and mortality. Vitamin D has emerged as a potential treatment able to reduce the disease severity. OBJECTIVE This work aims to elucidate the effect of 25(OH)D3 (calcifediol) treatment on COVID-19-related outcomes. METHODS This observational cohort study was conducted from March to May 2020, among patients admitted to COVID-19 wards of Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. A total of 930 patients with COVID-19 were included; 92 were excluded because of previous calcifediol intake. Of the remaining 838, a total of 447 received calcifediol (532 μg on day 1 plus 266 μg on days 3, 7, 15, and 30), whereas 391 were not treated at the time of hospital admission (intention-to-treat). Of the latter, 53 patients were treated later during ICU admission and were allocated in the treated group in a second analysis. In healthy individuals, calcifediol is about 3.2-fold more potent on a weight basis than cholecalciferol. Main outcome measures were ICU admission and mortality. RESULTS ICU assistance was required by 102 (12.2%) participants. Out of 447 patients treated with calcifediol at admission, 20 (4.5%) required the ICU, compared to 82 (21%) out of 391 nontreated (P < .001). Logistic regression of calcifediol treatment on ICU admission, adjusted by age, sex, linearized 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at baseline, and comorbidities showed that treated patients had a reduced risk of requiring the ICU (odds ratio [OR] 0.13; 95% CI 0.07-0.23). Overall mortality was 10%. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 21 (4.7%) out of 447 patients treated with calcifediol at admission died compared to 62 patients (15.9%) out of 391 nontreated (P = .001). Adjusted results showed a reduced mortality risk with an OR of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.10-0.43). In the second analysis, the obtained OR was 0.52 (95% CI, 0.27-0.99). CONCLUSION In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, calcifediol treatment significantly reduced ICU admission and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Nogues
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Diana Ovejero
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Marta Pineda-Moncusí
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Herestraat, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dolors Arenas
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Julio Pascual
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Anna Ribes
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Robert Guerri-Fernandez
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona 08003,Spain
| | - Judit Villar-Garcia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona 08003,Spain
| | - Abora Rial
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Carme Gimenez-Argente
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Maria Lourdes Cos
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodriguez-Morera
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Isabel Campodarve
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - José Manuel Quesada-Gomez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Fundación Progreso y Salud, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Natalia Garcia-Giralt
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Focosi D, Franchini M, Pirofski LA, Burnouf T, Fairweather D, Joyner MJ, Casadevall A. COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Is More than Neutralizing Antibodies: A Narrative Review of Potential Beneficial and Detrimental Co-Factors. Viruses 2021; 13:1594. [PMID: 34452459 PMCID: PMC8402718 DOI: 10.3390/v13081594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is currently under investigation for both treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis. The active component of CCP mediating improved outcome is commonly reported as specific antibodies, particularly neutralizing antibodies, with clinical efficacy characterized according to the level or antibody affinity. In this review, we highlight the potential role of additional factors in CCP that can be either beneficial (e.g., AT-III, alpha-1 AT, ACE2+ extracellular vesicles) or detrimental (e.g., anti-ADAMTS13, anti-MDA5 or anti-interferon autoantibodies, pro-coagulant extracellular vesicles). Variations in these factors in CCP may contribute to varied outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and undergoing CCP therapy. We advise careful, retrospective investigation of such co-factors in randomized clinical trials that use fresh frozen plasma in control arms. Nevertheless, it might be difficult to establish a causal link between these components and outcome, given that CCP is generally safe and neutralizing antibody effects may predominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Franchini
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, 46100 Mantua, Italy
| | - Liise-Anne Pirofski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10467, USA
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering & International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - DeLisa Fairweather
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Michael J Joyner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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40
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Monzani A, Lionetti P, Rabbone I, Lionetti E. The best is the enemy of the good: Time for a biopsy-sparing approach for Helicobacter pylori diagnosis and treatment in children in the COVID-19 era? Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12826. [PMID: 34046995 PMCID: PMC8209950 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Monzani
- Division of PediatricsDepartment of Health SciencesUniversità del Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly
| | - Paolo Lionetti
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition UnitDepartment of Neurology, Pharmacology, Psychology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA)Meyer Children's HospitalUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Division of PediatricsDepartment of Health SciencesUniversità del Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly
| | - Elena Lionetti
- Department of PediatricsMarche Polytechnic UniversityAnconaItaly
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41
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Franchini M, Prefumo F, Grisolia G, Bergamini V, Glingani C, Pisello M, Presti F, Zaffanello M. Convalescent Plasma for Pregnant Women with COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review. Viruses 2021; 13:1194. [PMID: 34206468 PMCID: PMC8310344 DOI: 10.3390/v13071194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of COVID-19 is particularly critical in pregnant women, considering the potential teratogenic effects of antiviral agents and the immune-depression related with pregnancy. The aim of this review is to systematically examine the current evidence on the clinical use of convalescent plasma during pregnancy. The electronic databases Medline PubMed Advanced Search Builder, Scopus, Web Of Science and Google Scholar were searched (until 1 January 2021). Inclusion criteria were pregnant women with COVID-19 (or SARS-CoV-2 infection), in whom convalescent plasma (or hyperimmune plasma) was used as treatment. We searched clinical trial registries (censored 5 January 2021) for eligible studies under way. After elimination of duplications, the initial search yielded 79 potentially relevant records, of which 67 were subsequently excluded. The 12 remaining records were case reports involving 12 pregnancies. Six of the mothers were reported to be well, two were reported to have preeclampsia, and in one case each the maternal outcome was described as survival, clinical improvement, discharged with oxygen and rehabilitation. With regard to the neonates, two were declared to be well, four had transient morbidity, two were critically ill and one died; normal ongoing pregnancies, but no post-delivery information, were reported for the remaining three cases. Clinical trials under way or planned to investigate the use of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 during pregnancy are lacking. This is the first systematic review of the literature regarding the treatment of COVID-19 in pregnancy. The published literature data seem to indicate that convalescent plasma administered to pregnant women with severe COVID-19 provides benefits for both the mother and the fetus. The quality of the available studies is, however, very limited since they are all case reports and thus suffer from relevant reporting bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, I-46100 Mantova, Italy; (M.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Federico Prefumo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, I-25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Gianpaolo Grisolia
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Carlo Poma Hospital, I-46100 Mantova, Italy; (G.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Valentino Bergamini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, I-37126 Verona, Italy; (V.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Claudia Glingani
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, I-46100 Mantova, Italy; (M.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Marlene Pisello
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Carlo Poma Hospital, I-46100 Mantova, Italy; (G.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesca Presti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, I-37126 Verona, Italy; (V.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Marco Zaffanello
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, I-37126 Verona, Italy
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42
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Hu H, Wang K, Wang L, Du Y, Chen J, Li Y, Fan C, Li N, Sun Y, Tu S, Lu X, Zhou Z, Cui H. He-Jie-Shen-Shi Decoction as an Adjuvant Therapy on Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort and Potential Mechanistic Study. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:700498. [PMID: 34220524 PMCID: PMC8250425 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.700498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy using Western and traditional Chinese medicines has shown notable effects on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The He-Jie-Shen-Shi decoction (HJSS), composed of Bupleurum chinense DC., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC., and nine other herbs, has been used to treat severe COVID-19 in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacies of HJSS combination therapy and Western monotherapy against severe COVID-19 and to study the potential action mechanism of HJSS. From February 2020 to March 2020, 81 patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan Tongji Hospital were selected for retrospective cohort study. Network pharmacology was conducted to predict the possible mechanism of HJSS on COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Targets of active components in HJSS were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and PharmMapper databases. The targets of COVID-19 and ARDS were obtained from GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases. The key targets of HJSS in COVID-19 and ARDS were obtained based on the protein–protein interaction network (PPI). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis (KEGG) was conducted to predict the pathways related to the targets of HJSS in COVID-19 and ARDS. A “herb-ingredient-target-pathway” network was established using Cytoscape 3.2.7. Results showed that the duration of the negative conversion time of nucleic acid was shorter in patients who received HJSS combination therapy. HJSS combination therapy also relieved fever in patients with severe COVID-19. Network pharmacology analysis identified interleukin (IL) 6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), catalase (CAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 1, tumor protein p53 (TP53), CC-chemokine ligand (CCL2), MAPK3, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and IL1B as the key targets of HJSS in COVID-19-related ARDS. KEGG analysis suggested that HJSS improved COVID-19-related ARDS by regulating hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, NOD-like receptor, TNF, T cell receptor, sphingolipid, PI3K-Akt, toll-like receptor, VEGF, FoxO, and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, HJSS can be used as an adjuvant therapy on severe COVID-19. The therapeutic mechanisms may be involved in inhibiting viral replication, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress and alleviating lung injury. Further studies are required to confirm its clinical efficacies and action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Hu
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Li Wang
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjun Du
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Chuanbo Fan
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Li
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuechao Lu
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaoshan Zhou
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Huantian Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Franchini M, Glingani C, Liumbruno GM. Potential mechanisms of action of convalescent plasma in COVID-19. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 8:413-420. [PMID: 33652503 DOI: 10.1515/dx-2020-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic will be remembered as one of the worst catastrophic events in human history. Unfortunately, no universally recognized effective therapeutic agents are currently available for the treatment of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, the use of convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients has gained increasing interest thanks to the initially positive clinical reports. A number of mechanisms of action have been proposed for convalescent plasma, including direct neutralization and suppression of viremia, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation effects and mitigation of the COVID-19-associated hypercoagulable state. These immune and non-immune mechanisms will be critically discussed in this narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy
| | - Claudia Glingani
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy
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Perret C, Le Corre N, Castro-Rodriguez JA. Emergent Pneumonia in Children. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:676296. [PMID: 34222146 PMCID: PMC8247473 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.676296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades there have been multiple pathogens, viruses and bacteria, which have emerged as causal agents of pneumonia affecting adults, albeit less frequently, to children. For the purposes of this article we have classified emerging pathogens as follows: True emerging, to pathogens identified for the very first time affecting human population (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, avian influenza, and hantavirus); Re-emerging, to known pathogens which circulation was controlled once, but they have reappeared (measles, tuberculosis, antimicrobial resistant bacteria such as CA-MRSA, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and new serotypes of post-vaccine pneumococcal); and finally, those that we have called old known with new presentations, including common pathogens that, in particular condition, have changed their form of presentation (rhinovirus, and non-SARS coronavirus). We will review for each of them their epidemiology, forms of presentation, therapy, and prognosis in children compared to the adult with the aim of being able to recognize them to establish appropriate therapy, prognostics, and effective control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Perret
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Le Corre
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jose A Castro-Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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