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Coppola S, Paparo L, Bedogni G, Nocerino R, Costabile D, Cuomo M, Chiariotti L, Carucci L, Agangi A, Napolitano M, Messina F, Passariello A, Berni Canani R. Effects of Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on the onset of overweight or obesity in the offspring: a randomized trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01626-z. [PMID: 39289583 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The PREMEDI study was designed to assess the efficacy of nutritional counseling aimed at promoting Mediterranean Diet (MD) during pregnancy on the incidence of overweight or obesity at 24 months in the offspring. METHODS PREMEDI was a parallel-arm randomized-controlled trial. 104 women in their first trimester of pregnancy were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to standard obstetrical and gynecological care alone (CT) or with nutritional counseling promoting MD. Women enrolled in the MD arm were provided with 3 sessions of nutritional counseling (one session per trimester). The main outcome was the proportion of overweight or obesity among the offspring at the age of 24 months. Maternal MD-adherence and weight gain during pregnancy were also evaluated. Lastly, the evaluation of epigenetic modulation of metabolic pathways in the offspring was analyzed in cord blood. RESULTS Five women in the MD arm and 2 in the CT arm were lost to follow-up, so a total of 97 completed the study. At 24 months, children of MD mothers were less likely to have overweight or obesity than those of the CT mothers (6% vs. 33%, absolute risk difference = -27%, 95% CI -41% to -12%, p < 0.001; number needed to treat 3, 95% CI 2 to 8, intention to treat analysis). A significantly higher increase of MD-adherence during the trial was observed in the MD arm compared to the CT arm. A similar body weight gain at the end of pregnancy was observed in the two arms. The mean (SD) methylation rate of the leptin gene in cord blood was 30.4 (1.02) % and 16.9 (2.99) % in the CT and MD mothers, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS MD during pregnancy could be an effective strategy for preventing pediatric overweight or obesity at 24 months. This effect involves, at least in part, an epigenetic modification of leptin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bedogni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Primary Health Care, Internal Medicine Unit Addressed to Frailty and Aging, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Viale Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Costabile
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariella Cuomo
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Chiariotti
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Agangi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Betania Evangelical Hospital, Via Argine 604, 80147, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Napolitano
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Betania Evangelical Hospital, Via Argine 604, 80147, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Messina
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Betania Evangelical Hospital, Via Argine 604, 80147, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Passariello
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Monaldi Hospital, Via Leonardo Bianchi, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Maternal Dietary Strategies for Improving Offspring Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9788. [PMID: 39337276 PMCID: PMC11432268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary regulation has been recognized for its profound impact on human health. The convergence of cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic disorders at the pathophysiological level has given rise to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, which constitutes a significant global health burden. Maternal dietary nutrients play a crucial role in fetal development, influencing various programmed processes. This review emphasizes the effects of different types of dietary interventions on each component of CKM syndrome in both preclinical and clinical settings. We also provide an overview of potential maternal dietary strategies, including amino acid supplementation, lipid-associated diets, micronutrients, gut microbiota-targeted diets, and plant polyphenols, aimed at preventing CKM syndrome in offspring. Additionally, we discuss the mechanisms mediated by nutrient-sensing signals that contribute to CKM programming. Altogether, we underscore the interaction between maternal dietary interventions and the risk of CKM syndrome in offspring, emphasizing the need for continued research to facilitate their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Aagaard KM, Barkin SL, Burant CF, Carnell S, Demerath E, Donovan SM, Eneli I, Francis LA, Gilbert-Diamond D, Hivert MF, LeBourgeois MK, Loos RJF, Lumeng JC, Miller AL, Okely AD, Osganian SK, Ramirez AG, Trasande L, Van Horn LV, Wake M, Wright RJ, Yanovski SZ. Understanding risk and causal mechanisms for developing obesity in infants and young children: A National Institutes of Health workshop. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13690. [PMID: 38204366 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Obesity in children remains a major public health problem, with the current prevalence in youth ages 2-19 years estimated to be 19.7%. Despite progress in identifying risk factors, current models do not accurately predict development of obesity in early childhood. There is also substantial individual variability in response to a given intervention that is not well understood. On April 29-30, 2021, the National Institutes of Health convened a virtual workshop on "Understanding Risk and Causal Mechanisms for Developing Obesity in Infants and Young Children." The workshop brought together scientists from diverse disciplines to discuss (1) what is known regarding epidemiology and underlying biological and behavioral mechanisms for rapid weight gain and development of obesity and (2) what new approaches can improve risk prediction and gain novel insights into causes of obesity in early life. Participants identified gaps and opportunities for future research to advance understanding of risk and underlying mechanisms for development of obesity in early life. It was emphasized that future studies will require multi-disciplinary efforts across basic, behavioral, and clinical sciences. An exposome framework is needed to elucidate how behavioral, biological, and environmental risk factors interact. Use of novel statistical methods may provide greater insights into causal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti M Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shari L Barkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Susan Carnell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Ihuoma Eneli
- Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lori A Francis
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Epidemiology, Medicine and Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Monique K LeBourgeois
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anthony D Okely
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- llawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Sport, Food, and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Stavroula K Osganian
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda V Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Melissa Wake
- Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan Z Yanovski
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Horne B, Kabir E, Alam K. Impact of prenatal maternal dietary exclusion on childhood obesity and overweight risk. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297614. [PMID: 38446774 PMCID: PMC10917294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child birthweight is a measure of fetal nutrition that is primarily determined by prenatal maternal (PM) diet. Child birthweight and child obesity/overweight risk are well established to be linked. Nevertheless, no studies have investigated the impact of PM dietary exclusion on child obesity/overweight risk or body mass index z-score (BMIz). OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine whether PM dietary exclusion affected the child's BMIz, obesity/overweight risk, whether child birthweight serves as a mediator of this, and whether PM use of dietary supplements can protect against this. METHODS Waves within the years 2004-2019 from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, a population-based cohort study, were analyzed. The participants were aged 0 to 15 years during these waves of the study. Analysis was conducted using logistic and linear models. A total of 5,107 participants were involved in the first wave of the study. RESULTS The PM exclusion of fish was associated with a higher risk of being underweight at age 14 or 15 years and mild-to-moderate obesity at age 6 or 7 years. The PM exclusion of egg was associated with a higher risk of being overweight at age 14 or 15 years. The exclusion of dairy was associated with more mixed effects. Mediation effects did not reach statistical significance. Moderation effects involving PM dietary supplement use, when they did occur, were associated with higher child BMIz and usually a higher risk of obesity/overweight. CONCLUSIONS Fish and eggs are likely important parts of PM diets for preventing childhood obesity and overweight. Further studies will be needed to determine reasons for this and the apparent adverse effects of dietary supplements on overweight/obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenton Horne
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Enamul Kabir
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Khorshed Alam
- School of Business and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Díaz-López A, Rodríguez Espelt L, Abajo S, Arija V. Close Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy Decreases Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Prospective Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:532. [PMID: 38398856 PMCID: PMC10892739 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of dietary patterns during pregnancy may be of great importance for determining the potential risk of obesity in childhood. We assessed the prospective association between maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) during pregnancy and risk of childhood overweight/obesity at 4 years. This prospective analysis involved 272 mother-child pairs from the ECLIPSES study. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed using a validated 45-item food-frequency questionnaire and a relative whole-pregnancy MedDiet score (rMedDiet) was calculated. The children's weight and height were measured at the age of 4. Primary outcome was childhood overweight/obesity based on age- and-sex-specific BMI z-score > 85th percentile using the WHO child growth standards. Mean maternal rMedDiet score in pregnancy was 9.8 (±standard deviation 2.3) and 25.7% of the children were overweight/obese. Significant differences in anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and BMI) were found according to sex, with higher scores for boys. After controlling for potential confounders, greater maternal adherence to rMedDiet during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of childhood overweight/obesity, highest vs. lowest quartile (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12-0.90; p-trend 0.037). Similar trends regarding this association (per 1-point increase rMedDiet score) were observed after stratification by advanced maternal age, maternal early pregnancy BMI, education, socioeconomic status, smoking, and gestational weight gain. Our findings suggest that closer adherence to the MedDiet during pregnancy may protect against the risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 4 years. Further research is needed to explore whether associations persist across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Díaz-López
- Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.D.-L.); (L.R.E.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez Espelt
- Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.D.-L.); (L.R.E.)
| | - Susana Abajo
- Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Service of Reus-Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud Embajadores, Dirección Asistencial Noroeste, 28012 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Arija
- Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.D.-L.); (L.R.E.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Collaborative Group on Lifestyles, Nutrition, and Tobacco (CENIT), Tarragona-Reus Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, 43202 Reus, Spain
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Svensson K, Gennings C, Hagenäs L, Wolk A, Håkansson N, Wikström S, Bornehag CG. Maternal nutrition during mid-pregnancy and children's body composition at 7 years of age in the SELMA study. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1982-1992. [PMID: 37232113 PMCID: PMC10632724 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Optimal nutrition during pregnancy is vital for both maternal and child health. Our objective was to explore if prenatal diet is associated with children's height and body fat. Nutrient intake was assessed through a FFQ from 808 pregnant women and summarised to a nutrition index, 'My Nutrition Index' (MNI). The association with children's height and body fat (bioimpedance) was assessed with linear regression models. Secondary analysis was performed with BMI, trunk fat and skinfolds. Overall, higher MNI score was associated with greater height (β = 0·47; (95 % CI 0·00, 0·94), among both sexes. Among boys, higher MNI was associated with 0·15 higher BMI z-scores, 0·12 body fat z-scores, 0·11 trunk fat z-scores, and larger triceps, and triceps + subscapular skinfolds (β = 0·05 and β = 0·06; on the log2 scale) (P-value < 0·05). Among girls, the opposite associations were found with 0·12 lower trunk fat z-scores, and smaller subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds (β = -0·07 and β = -0·10; on the log2 scale) (P-value < 0·05). For skinfold measures, this would represent a ± 1·0 millimetres difference. Unexpectedly, a prenatal diet in line with recommended nutrient intake was associated with higher measures of body fat for boys and opposite to girls at a pre-pubertal stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Lars Hagenäs
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sverre Wikström
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research and Education, County Council of Värmland, Värmland County, Sweden
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Troensegaard H, Khoury J, Westerberg AC, Tonstad S, Roeters van Lennep J, Veierød MB, Iversen PO, Holven KB, Retterstøl K. Protocol for a 20-year follow-up after a randomized controlled trial of a Mediterranean diet in pregnancy: maternal and offspring risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1256815. [PMID: 37920793 PMCID: PMC10619653 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1256815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An inadequate maternal diet during pregnancy can impair offspring health and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. The purpose of the proposed study is to assess the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in both mothers and their offspring 20 years following their participation in a Mediterranean diet intervention trial during pregnancy. Methods The "Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Diet In Pregnancy" (CARRDIP) study was a randomized controlled trial performed between 1999 and 2001. The participants were randomized to adhere to either a Mediterranean diet or their regular diet during pregnancy. An extensive amount of data such as diet information, ultrasound measurements, anthropometry, and biomarkers from these mothers during pregnancy and their offspring in the neonatal period were collected. The mother-offspring pairs (n = 269) from the CARRDIP study will be invited to participate in a clinical examination and blood sample collection. This follow-up study, conducted 20 years after the original CARRDIP study, will investigate cardiovascular risk factors in mothers and offspring. The primary outcome will be the blood pressure of the offspring. In addition, the study will explore various aspects of cardiovascular health, including metabolic and inflammatory status, clinical history, and body composition of the participants. Discussion Previous studies investigating the effects of nutrition during pregnancy on maternal and offspring health have been either observational studies, animal studies, or randomized controlled trials with a follow-up period of less than 5 years. This project aims to study the long-term effects of dietary intervention during pregnancy on maternal and offspring cardiovascular risk markers. Clinical Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT05030922).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannibal Troensegaard
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janette Khoury
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ane C. Westerberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Serena Tonstad
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jeanine Roeters van Lennep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Cardiovascular Institute, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marit B. Veierød
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Ole Iversen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten B. Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- The Lipid Clinic, Department of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Keyes M, Andrews C, Midya V, Carrasco P, Guxens M, Jimeno-Romero A, Murcia M, Rodriguez-Dehli C, Romaguera D, Santa-Maria L, Vafeiadi M, Chatzi L, Oken E, Vrijheid M, Valvi D, Sen S. Mediators of the association between maternal body mass index and breastfeeding duration in 3 international cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:255-263. [PMID: 37407164 PMCID: PMC10493413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity has been associated with shorter breastfeeding duration, but little is known about mediating factors explaining this association. It is important to assess these relationships across diverse populations because breastfeeding is culturally patterned. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association of prepregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) with breastfeeding outcomes and potential mediators of this relationship in 3 culturally diverse international cohorts. METHODS We analyzed 5120 singleton pregnancies from mother-child cohorts in Spain (INfancia y Medio Ambiente), Greece (Rhea), and the United States (Project Viva). Outcome variables were duration of any and exclusive breastfeeding. A priori hypothesized mediators in the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with breastfeeding were birthweight (BW), maternal prenatal C-reactive protein (CRP), cesarean delivery, maternal dietary inflammatory index (DII) during pregnancy, gestational age at delivery, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We estimated the association between BMI and breastfeeding duration using linear regression adjusting for confounders. Mediation analysis estimated direct and indirect effects of maternal overweight/obesity on breastfeeding for each mediator. RESULTS Women with overweight and obesity had shorter duration of any and exclusive breastfeeding compared with normal-weight women (any: overweight β = -0.79 mo, 95% CI: -1.17, -0.40; obese β = -1.75 mo 95% CI: -2.25, -1.25; exclusive: overweight β = -0.30 mo, 95% CI: -0.42, -0.16; obese β = -0.73 mo, 95% CI: -0.90, -0.55). Significant mediators (% change in effect estimate) of this association were higher CRP (exclusive: 5.12%), cesarean delivery (any: 6.54%; exclusive: 7.69%), and higher DII (any: 6.48%; exclusive: 7.69%). GDM, gestational age, and BW did not mediate the association of maternal weight status with breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS Higher prepregnancy BMI is associated with shorter duration of any and exclusive breastfeeding. Maternal dietary inflammation, systemic inflammation, and mode of delivery may be key modifiable mediators of this association. Identification of mediators provides potential targets for interventions to improve breastfeeding outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Keyes
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Program, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Chloe Andrews
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vishal Midya
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paula Carrasco
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Jimeno-Romero
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Mario Murcia
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de análisis de sistemas de información sanitaria, Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Dora Romaguera
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Maria
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, San Sebastian, Spain; Department of Health of the Basque Government, Subdirectorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sarbattama Sen
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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9
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Costantino C, Casuccio A, Belluzzo M, Balsamo F, Bonaccorso N, Carubia A, D’Azzo L, Gattuso L, Lo Porto MC, Sciortino M, Vitello T, Tabacchi G, Vitale F, Mazzucco W. Knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in individuals practicing regular amatorial physical activity: a cross-sectional study conducted in the Metropolitan Area of Palermo, Italy. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1204155. [PMID: 37427285 PMCID: PMC10326436 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1204155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mediterranean Diet (MD) is a universal model of nutrition that prevents several metabolic, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases. Main objective of the present study was to analyze adherence and knowledge regarding MD principles in a sample of individuals practicing amatorial sports from the Metropolitan Area of Palermo. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 Sports Centers, between October 2020 and September 2021, through a previously validated anonymous questionnaire structured in five sections including 74 items. Results Overall, 337 subjects answered to the questionnaire. Based on the multivariable analysis conducted, a higher knowledge score (KS) on MD principles was observed among individuals daily consuming vegetables (OR: 3.32; CI95%: 1.82-6.02) and in the ones more adherent to MD principles (OR: 10.15; CI95%:5.47-18.85). More in depth, using MEDAS score to analyze the adherence to MD, a significant lower adherence was observed among overweight/obese (OR: 0.57; CI95%:0.33-0.99) and among employed subjects (OR: 0.52; IC95%: 0.28-0.98); while, a higher adherence was highlighted among daily consumers of vegetables (OR: 2.52; CI95%:1.52-4.17), daily consumers of fruit (OR: 1.77; CI95%:1.08-2.90), and in individuals that have daily breakfast (OR: 4.29; CI95%:1.15-15.96). Discussion In accordance with the WHO Europe Gaining Health Campaign, Public Health Authorities should simplify accessibility to healthy food among general population, promoting principles and accessibility to MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Costantino
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Belluzzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Balsamo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicole Bonaccorso
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carubia
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luciano D’Azzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Gattuso
- Emergency Medicine Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Lo Porto
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Martina Sciortino
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tania Vitello
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Garden Tabacchi
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitale
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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10
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Fossee E, Zamora AN, Peterson KE, Cantoral A, Perng W, Téllez-Rojo MM, Torres-Olascoaga LA, Jansen EC. Prenatal dietary patterns in relation to adolescent offspring adiposity and adipokines in a Mexico City cohort. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:371-380. [PMID: 36655507 PMCID: PMC10202837 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Maternal diet during pregnancy has been associated with obesity among offspring. The extent to which trimester-specific dietary patterns are associated with markers of adiposity during adolescence remains unclear. We examined associations between prenatal diet patterns with adolescent offspring measures of adiposity and adipokines in 384 mother-adolescent dyads from the Mexico City ELEMENT cohort. Trimester-specific diet patterns were derived from principal component analysis of food frequency questionnaire data. Adolescent anthropometry and serum leptin and adiponectin were measured at 10-17 years. Three maternal diet patterns were identified: Prudent Diet (PD), high in fish and vegetables, the High Meat and Fat Diet (HMFD), high in pork and processed meats, and the Transitioning Mexican Diet (TMD), high in corn tortillas and sugar-sweetened beverages. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate sex-stratified associations among quartiles of diet patterns with adiposity and adipokines, adjusting for maternal marital status, education, and parity. First trimester TMD was associated with greater anthropometric measures and higher leptin in females, while third trimester HMFD was associated higher body fat percentage, triceps thickness, waist circumference, and leptin, but lower adiponectin among males. Contrary to expectation, there were positive associations between the trimester 1 PD pattern and anthropometric measurements in females, and for trimester 2 HMFD and TMD patterns with adipokines among males. Findings suggest maternal diet patterns may influence offspring adiposity markers during adolescence in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Fossee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Astrid N. Zamora
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen E. Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Wei Perng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Martha M. Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Libni A. Torres-Olascoaga
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Erica C. Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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11
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Wu AJ, Oken E. Developmental Contributions to Obesity: Nutritional Exposures in the First Thousand Days. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2023; 52:333-345. [PMID: 37197877 PMCID: PMC10315183 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is prevalent and continuing to rise across all age groups, even children. As obesity is challenging to manage and treat, prevention is critical. Here, we highlight nutritional influences during periods of early developmental plasticity, namely the prenatal period and infancy, that have been shown to contribute to the development of obesity into childhood and beyond. We review recent research that examines maternal nutritional factors including dietary patterns and quality, as well as the infant diet, such as complementary foods and beverages, that influence long-term obesity risk. We end with recommendations for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Hunnewell Ground, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401E, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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12
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Cohen CC, Perng W, Sauder KA, Shapiro ALB, Starling AP, Friedman C, Felix JF, Küpers LK, Moore BF, Hébert JR, Shivappa N, Scherzinger A, Sundaram SS, Shankar K, Dabelea D. Maternal Diet Quality During Pregnancy and Offspring Hepatic Fat in Early Childhood: The Healthy Start Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:1122-1132. [PMID: 36796482 PMCID: PMC10196613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overnutrition in utero may increase offspring risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the specific contribution of maternal diet quality during pregnancy to this association remains understudied in humans. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the associations of maternal diet quality during pregnancy with offspring hepatic fat in early childhood (median: 5 y old, range: 4-8 y old). METHODS Data were from 278 mother-child pairs in the longitudinal, Colorado-based Healthy Start Study. Multiple 24-h recalls were collected from mothers during pregnancy on a monthly basis (median: 3 recalls, range: 1-8 recalls starting after enrollment), and used to estimate maternal usual nutrient intakes and dietary pattern scores [Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and Relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED)]. Offspring hepatic fat was measured in early childhood by MRI. Associations of maternal dietary predictors during pregnancy with offspring log-transformed hepatic fat were assessed using linear regression models adjusted for offspring demographics, maternal/perinatal confounders, and maternal total energy intake. RESULTS Higher maternal fiber intake and rMED scores during pregnancy were associated with lower offspring hepatic fat in early childhood in fully adjusted models [Back-transformed β (95% CI): 0.82 (0.72, 0.94) per 5 g/1000 kcal fiber; 0.93 (0.88, 0.99) per 1 SD for rMED]. In contrast, higher maternal total sugar and added sugar intakes, and DII scores were associated with higher offspring hepatic fat [Back-transformed β (95% CI): 1.18 (1.05, 1.32) per 5% kcal/d added sugar; 1.08 (0.99, 1.18) per 1 SD for DII]. Analyses of dietary pattern subcomponents also revealed that lower maternal intakes of green vegetables and legumes and higher intake of "empty calories" were associated with higher offspring hepatic fat in early childhood. CONCLUSIONS Poorer maternal diet quality during pregnancy was associated with greater offspring susceptibility to hepatic fat in early childhood. Our findings provide insights into potential perinatal targets for the primordial prevention of pediatric NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C Cohen
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Wei Perng
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Allison L B Shapiro
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anne P Starling
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chloe Friedman
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leanne K Küpers
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brianna F Moore
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Ann Scherzinger
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shikha S Sundaram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kartik Shankar
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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13
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Cano-Sancho G, Warembourg C, Güil N, Stratakis N, Lertxundi A, Irizar A, Llop S, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Basagaña X, González JR, Coumoul X, Fernández-Barrés S, Antignac JP, Vrijheid M, Casas M. Nutritional Modulation of Associations between Prenatal Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants and Childhood Obesity: A Prospective Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:37011. [PMID: 36927187 PMCID: PMC10019508 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may contribute to the development of childhood obesity and metabolic disorders. However, little is known about whether the maternal nutritional status during pregnancy can modulate these associations. OBJECTIVES The main objective was to characterize the joint associations and interactions between prenatal levels of POPs and nutrients on childhood obesity. METHODS We used data from to the Spanish INfancia y Medio Ambiente-Environment and Childhood (INMA) birth cohort, on POPs and nutritional biomarkers measured in maternal blood collected at the first trimester of pregnancy and child anthropometric measurements at 7 years of age. Six organochlorine compounds (OCs) [dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) and polychlorinated biphenyls 138, 153, 180] and four per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were measured. Nutrients included vitamins (D, B12, and folate), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and dietary carotenoids. Two POPs-nutrients mixtures data sets were established: a) OCs, PFAS, vitamins, and carotenoids (n=660), and b) OCs, PUFAs, and vitamins (n=558). Joint associations of mixtures on obesity were characterized using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Relative importance of biomarkers and two-way interactions were identified using gradient boosting machine, hierarchical group lasso regularization, and BKMR. Interactions were further characterized using multivariate regression models in the multiplicative and additive scale. RESULTS Forty percent of children had overweight or obesity. We observed a positive overall joint association of both POPs-nutrients mixtures on overweight/obesity risk, with HCB and vitamin B12 the biomarkers contributing the most. Recurrent interactions were found between HCB and vitamin B12 across screening models. Relative risk for a natural log increase of HCB was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.54, pInteraction=0.02) in the tertile 2 of vitamin B12 and in the additive scale a relative excess risk due to interaction of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.20) was found. Interaction between perfluorooctane sulfonate and β-cryptoxanthin suggested a protective effect of the antioxidant on overweight/obesity risk. CONCLUSION These results support that maternal nutritional status may modulate the effect of prenatal exposure to POPs on childhood overweight/obesity. These findings may help to develop a biological hypothesis for future toxicological studies and to better interpret inconsistent findings in epidemiological studies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11258.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Cano-Sancho
- Laboratory for the Study of Residues and Contaminants in Foods (LABERCA), Oniris, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Nantes, France
| | - Charline Warembourg
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (IRSET), Ecole des hautes études en santé publique (EHESP), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1085 Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Nuria Güil
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikos Stratakis
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Biodonostia, Unidad de Epidemiologia Ambiental y Desarrollo Infantil, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Biodonostia, Unidad de Epidemiologia Ambiental y Desarrollo Infantil, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO)–Public Health, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I–Universitat de València, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO)–Public Health, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I–Universitat de València, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ramon González
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR-S1124, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Philippe Antignac
- Laboratory for the Study of Residues and Contaminants in Foods (LABERCA), Oniris, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Nantes, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Prenatal Factors Associated with Maternal Cardiometabolic Risk Markers during Pregnancy: The ECLIPSES Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051135. [PMID: 36904135 PMCID: PMC10005748 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the associations of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors with cardiometabolic risk and each of its components during pregnancy in a pregnant population from Catalonia (Spain). A prospective cohort study of 265 healthy pregnant women (39 ± 5 years) in the first and third-trimesters. Sociodemographic, obstetric, anthropometric, lifestyle and dietary variables were collected, and blood samples were taken. The following cardiometabolic risk markers were evaluated: BMI, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL-cholesterol. From these, a cluster cardiometabolic risk (CCR)-z score was created by summating all z-scores (except insulin and DBP) computed for each risk factor. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis and multivariable linear regression. In the multivariable models, the first-trimester CCRs was positively associated with overweight/obesity status (β: 3.54, 95%CI: 2.73, 4.36) but inversely related to the level of education (β: -1.04, 95%CI: -1.94, 0.14) and physical activity (PA) (β: -1.21, 95%CI: -2.24, -0.17). The association between overweight/obesity and CCR (β:1.91, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.82) persisted into the third-trimester, whereas insufficient GWG (β: -1.14, 95%CI: -1.98, -0.30) and higher social class (β: -2.28, 95%CI: -3.42, -1.13) were significantly associated with a lower CCRs. Starting pregnancy with normal weight, higher socioeconomic and educational levels, being a non-smoker, non-consumer of alcohol, and PA were protective factors against cardiovascular risk during pregnancy.
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15
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Monthé-Drèze C, Aris IM, Rifas-Shiman SL, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Oken E, Sen S. The Role of Prenatal Psychosocial Stress in the Associations of a Proinflammatory Diet in Pregnancy With Child Adiposity and Growth Trajectories. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2251367. [PMID: 36662527 PMCID: PMC9860526 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.51367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Prenatal psychosocial stress and nutrition may each program offspring adiposity, an important predictor of lifelong cardiometabolic health. Although increased stress and poor nutrition have been found to co-occur in pregnancy, little is known about their combined longitudinal associations in the offspring. Objective To investigate whether the associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with offspring adiposity differ by prenatal stress levels and whether these associations change with age. Design, Setting, and Participants Project Viva, a prospective prebirth cohort study of mother-child dyads in Massachusetts, included singleton children of mothers enrolled between April 1999 and July 2002, with follow-up visits at early childhood, midchildhood, and early adolescence. Data analysis was performed from October 31, 2020, to October 31, 2022. Exposures Food frequency-derived DII score in pregnancy was the exposure. Effect modifiers included stress-related measures in pregnancy; depressive symptoms assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), dichotomized at scores greater than or equal to 13 vs less than 13; and census tract-level social vulnerability (overall Social Vulnerability Index and its 4 main subindices), dichotomized at the 75th percentile. Main Outcomes and Measures Overall adiposity, comprising sex- and age-standardized body mass index (BMI z), sum of subscapular and triceps skinfolds, fat mass index (FMI), and body fat percentage estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); and central adiposity, comprising waist circumference, ratio of subscapular to triceps skinfolds, and DXA-derived trunk FMI. Results Among 1060 mother-child dyads, mean (SD) maternal age was 32.6 (4.6) years, and 811 (77%) mothers were non-Hispanic White. Mean (SD) DII score was -2.7 (1.3) units, Social Vulnerability Index level was 38th (27th) percentile, and 8% of mothers had depressive symptoms. Mean (SD) age of the children was 3.3 (0.3) years at the early childhood visit, 7.9 (0.8) years at the midchildhood visit, and 13.2 (0.9) years at the early adolescence visit. In adjusted analyses, children born to mothers in the highest (vs lowest) quartile of DII had slower decrease in BMI z scores (β, 0.03 SD units/y; 95% CI, 0.01-0.05 SD units/y), and faster adiposity gain (eg, BIA total FMI β, 0.11 kg/m2/y; 95% CI, 0.03-0.19 kg/m2/y) over time. Associations of prenatal DII quartiles with childhood adiposity were stronger (eg, BIA total FMI quartile 4 vs quartile 1 change in β, 1.40 kg/m2; 95% CI, 0.21-2.59 kg/m2) among children of mothers with high vs low EPDS scores in pregnancy, although EPDS scores did not modify the change over time. Associations of prenatal DII with adiposity change over time, however, were greater among children whose mothers lived in neighborhoods with a high (BIA percentage body fat: β, 0.55% per year; 95% CI, 0.04%-1.07% per year) vs low (β, 0.13% per year; 95% CI, -0.20 to 0.46% per year), percentage of racial and ethnic minorities, and residents with limited English-language proficiency. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study suggest that it may be useful to simultaneously evaluate prenatal diet and psychosocial stress in women as targets for interventions intended to prevent excess childhood adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Monthé-Drèze
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - James R. Hebert
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarbattama Sen
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Ruggeri S, Buonocore P, Amoriello T. New Validated Short Questionnaire for the Evaluation of the Adherence of Mediterranean Diet and Nutritional Sustainability in All Adult Population Groups. Nutrients 2022; 14:5177. [PMID: 36501206 PMCID: PMC9736956 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) is favourable for its sustainability and beneficial effects on health. The available questionnaires, according to the MD dietary pattern, include the assessment of moderate alcohol consumption; but some groups, such as young adults and pre-conceptional and pregnant women, are not allowed to consume it. The aim of this study was to validate a new short questionnaire (MedQ-Sus) excluding alcohol consumption, to measure the adherence to the MD and to evaluate the nutritional adherence to a sustainable diet. The Harvard validated questionnaire was used for the validation study. A total of 316 subjects (20 to 70 YOA) completed both questionnaires. A high Spearman correlation coefficient (rho = 0.69; p < 0.01) was found between the MedQ-Sus and Harvard scores; a statistically significant positive correlation was found for all eight food groups. The MedQ-Sus had a significant discriminative capacity between adherence and non-adherence to the MD (optimal cut-off point = 9.5, sensitivity 0.86, specificity = 0.65). A very high nutritional adherence to a sustainable diet was found in the subjects for olive oil (97%), dairy food (90%), fresh vegetables (89%), fish and fish products (73), fresh fruit (56%), and cereals and cereals products (42%). A very low adherence was found for legumes (22%) and meat and meat products (9%). The results showed MedQ-Sus is a valid and quick assessment instrument for the evaluation of the adherence to the MD in all population groups, and could also be useful to evaluate the nutritional sustainability of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ruggeri
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Amoriello
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
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17
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Mannino A, Sarapis K, Moschonis G. The Effect of Maternal Overweight and Obesity Pre-Pregnancy and During Childhood in the Development of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235125. [PMID: 36501155 PMCID: PMC9739272 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal overweight/obesity has been associated with an increased risk of obesity in childhood. We investigated the effect of maternal overweight/obesity during pre-pregnancy and whether it is a stronger predictor of child obesity, compared to maternal overweight/obesity during childhood. Prospective or retrospective cohort studies published in English, reporting on obese children and adolescents (2-18 years), with overweight/obese mothers in either pre-pregnancy or during childhood were included. A search was conducted from 2012 to April 2022 in MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and EMBASE, followed by screening, data extraction, quality assessment and narrative synthesis. Eleven eligible studies (9 prospective and 2 retrospective cohort studies; total sample, n = 27,505) were identified. Eight studies examined maternal overweight/obesity in pre-conception, presenting consistent positive associations with childhood obesity, three reported positive associations between childhood obesity and maternal overweight/obesity during childhood, and one presented positive associations between both maternal exposures. The narrative synthesis failed to identify which maternal exposure is the strongest predictor of childhood obesity, with studies reporting significant associations between maternal overweight/obesity and child obesity in both time points. Intervention programs aiming to reduce childhood obesity should focus on supporting women of childbearing age with weight management from preconception and throughout their life-course.
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18
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Küpers LK, Fernández-Barrés S, Nounu A, Friedman C, Fore R, Mancano G, Dabelea D, Rifas-Shiman SL, Mulder RH, Oken E, Johnson L, Bustamante M, Jaddoe VW, Hivert MF, Starling AP, de Vries JH, Sharp GC, Vrijheid M, Felix JF. Maternal Mediterranean diet in pregnancy and newborn DNA methylation: a meta-analysis in the PACE Consortium. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1419-1431. [PMID: 35236238 PMCID: PMC9586614 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2038412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy is related to a lower risk of preterm birth and to better offspring cardiometabolic health. DNA methylation may be an underlying biological mechanism. We evaluated whether maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with offspring cord blood DNA methylation.We meta-analysed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and offspring cord blood DNA methylation in 2802 mother-child pairs from five cohorts. We calculated the relative Mediterranean diet (rMED) score with range 0-18 and an adjusted rMED excluding alcohol (rMEDp, range 0-16). DNA methylation was measured using Illumina 450K arrays. We used robust linear regression modelling adjusted for child sex, maternal education, age, smoking, body mass index, energy intake, batch, and cell types. We performed several functional analyses and examined the persistence of differential DNA methylation into childhood (4.5-7.8 y).rMEDp was associated with cord blood DNA methylation at cg23757341 (0.064% increase in DNA methylation per 1-point increase in the rMEDp score, SE = 0.011, P = 2.41 × 10-8). This cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) site maps to WNT5B, associated with adipogenesis and glycaemic phenotypes. We did not identify associations with childhood gene expression, nor did we find enriched biological pathways. The association did not persist into childhood.In this meta-analysis, maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet (excluding alcohol) during pregnancy was associated with cord blood DNA methylation level at cg23757341. Potential mediation of DNA methylation in associations with offspring health requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne K. Küpers
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (Ciberesp), Spain
| | - Aayah Nounu
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chloe Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (Lead) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ruby Fore
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Mancano
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (Lead) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosa H. Mulder
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Johnson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (Ciberesp), Spain
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne P. Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (Lead) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeanne H.M. de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gemma C. Sharp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (Ciberesp), Spain
| | - Janine F. Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Gonzalez-Nahm S, Marchesoni J, Maity A, Maguire RL, House JS, Tucker R, Atkinson T, Murphy SK, Hoyo C. Maternal Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Its Associations with Maternal Prenatal Stressors and Child Growth. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac146. [PMID: 36406812 PMCID: PMC9665863 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psychosocial and physiologic stressors, such as depression and obesity, during pregnancy can have negative consequences, such as increased systemic inflammation, contributing to chronic disease for both mothers and their unborn children. These conditions disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minorities. The effects of recommended dietary patterns in mitigating the effects of these stressors remain understudied. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the relations between maternal Mediterranean diet adherence (MDA) and maternal and offspring outcomes during the first decade of life in African Americans, Hispanics, and Whites. Methods This study included 929 mother-child dyads from the NEST (Newborn Epigenetics STudy), a prospective cohort study. FFQs were used to estimate MDA in pregnant women. Weight and height were measured in children between birth and age 8 y. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations between maternal MDA, inflammatory cytokines, and pregnancy and postnatal outcomes. Results More than 55% of White women reported high MDA during the periconceptional period compared with 22% of Hispanic and 18% of African American women (P < 0.05). Higher MDA was associated with lower likelihood of depressive mood (β = -0.45; 95% CI: -0.90, -0.18; P = 0.02) and prepregnancy obesity (β = -0.29; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.0002; P = 0.05). Higher MDA was also associated with lower body size at birth, which was maintained to ages 3-5 and 6-8 y-this association was most apparent in White children (3-5 y: β = -2.9, P = 0.02; 6-8 y: β = -3.99, P = 0.01). Conclusions If replicated in larger studies, our data suggest that MDA provides a potent avenue by which effects of prenatal stressors on maternal and fetal outcomes can be mitigated to reduce ethnic disparities in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Joddy Marchesoni
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Arnab Maity
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Rachel L Maguire
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - John S House
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rachel Tucker
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Tamara Atkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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20
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Hu Z, Han L, Liu J, Fowke JH, Han JC, Kakhniashvili D, LeWinn KZ, Bush NR, Mason WA, Zhao Q. Prenatal metabolomic profiles mediate the effect of maternal obesity on early childhood growth trajectories and obesity risk: the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood (CANDLE) Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1343-1353. [PMID: 36055779 PMCID: PMC9630879 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal prepregnancy obesity is an important risk factor for offspring obesity, which may partially operate through prenatal programming mechanisms. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to systematically identify prenatal metabolomic profiles mediating the intergenerational transmission of obesity. METHODS We included 450 African-American mother-child pairs from the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood (CANDLE) Study pregnancy cohort. LC-MS was used to conduct metabolomic profiling on maternal plasma samples of the second trimester. The childhood growth outcomes of interest included BMI trajectories from birth to age 4 y (rising-high-, moderate-, and low-BMI trajectories) as well as overweight/obesity (OWO) risk at age 4 y. Mediation analysis was conducted to identify metabolite mediators linking maternal OWO and childhood growth outcomes. The potential causal effects of maternal OWO on metabolite mediators were examined using the Mendelian randomization (MR) method. RESULTS Among the 880 metabolites detected in the maternal plasma during pregnancy, 14 and 11 metabolites significantly mediated the effects of maternal prepregnancy OWO on childhood BMI trajectories and the OWO risk at age 4 y, respectively, and 5 mediated both outcomes. The MR analysis suggested 6 of the 20 prenatal metabolite mediators might be causally influenced by maternal prepregnancy OWO, most of which are from the pathways related to the metabolism of amino acids (hydroxyasparagine, glutamate, and homocitrulline), sterols (campesterol), and nucleotides (N2,N2-dimethylguanosine). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides further evidence that prenatal metabolomic profiles might mediate the effect of maternal OWO on early childhood growth trajectories and OWO risk in offspring. The metabolic pathways, including identified metabolite mediators, might provide novel intervention targets for preventing the intrauterine development of obesity in the offspring of mothers with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunsong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Luhang Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, Office of Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jay H Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joan C Han
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, and Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Kakhniashvili
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Office of Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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21
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Güil-Oumrait N, Cano-Sancho G, Montazeri P, Stratakis N, Warembourg C, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Vioque J, Santa-Marina L, Jimeno-Romero A, Ventura R, Monfort N, Vrijheid M, Casas M. Prenatal exposure to mixtures of phthalates and phenols and body mass index and blood pressure in Spanish preadolescents. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 169:107527. [PMID: 36126421 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women are simultaneously exposed to several non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals, which may influence the risk of childhood obesity and cardiovascular diseases later in life. Previous prospective studies have mostly examined single-chemical effects, with inconsistent findings. We assessed the association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols, individually and as a mixture, and body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) in preadolescents. METHODS We used data from the Spanish INMA birth cohort study (n = 1,015), where the 1st and 3rd- trimester maternal urinary concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites and six phenols were quantified. At 11 years of age, we calculated BMI z-scores and measured systolic and diastolic BP. We estimated individual chemical effects with linear mixed models and joint effects of the chemical mixture with hierarchical Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Analyses were stratified by sex and by puberty status. RESULTS In single-exposure models, benzophenone-3 (BP3) was nonmonotonically associated with higher BMI z-score (e.g. Quartile (Q) 3: β = 0.23 [95% CI = 0.03, 0.44] vs Q1) and higher diastolic BP (Q2: β = 1.27 [0.00, 2.53] mmHg vs Q1). Methyl paraben (MEPA) was associated with lower systolic BP (Q4: β = -1.67 [-3.31, -0.04] mmHg vs Q1). No consistent associations were observed for the other compounds. Results from the BKMR confirmed the single-exposure results and showed similar patterns of associations, with BP3 having the highest importance in the mixture models, especially among preadolescents who reached puberty status. No overall mixture effect was found, except for a tendency of higher BMI z-score and lower systolic BP in girls. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to UV-filter BP3 may be associated with higher BMI and diastolic BP during preadolescence, but there is little evidence for an overall phthalate and phenol mixture effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Güil-Oumrait
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Parisa Montazeri
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikos Stratakis
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Charline Warembourg
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia, Health Research Institute, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Department of Health of the Basque Government, Subdirectorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Alba Jimeno-Romero
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia, Health Research Institute, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Rosa Ventura
- Catalonian Antidoping Laboratory, Doping Control Research Group, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Monfort
- Catalonian Antidoping Laboratory, Doping Control Research Group, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Prenatal adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases the risk of having a small-for-gestational-age baby, ECLIPSES study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13794. [PMID: 35963881 PMCID: PMC9376108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is little evidence regarding the role that consuming a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) during pregnancy plays in foetal growth. We therefore examined the relationship between maternal MedDiet adherence during pregnancy and anthropometric measures and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) at birth in a Spanish population on the north-eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain. Prospective analysis involved 614 mother–newborn pairs from the ECLIPSES study. Diet during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and a relative MedDiet score (rMedDiet) was calculated. Neonatal information, including weight, length, head circumference and SGA (< 10th percentile) at birth, was recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. The mean rMedDiet score was 9.8 (SD 2.1), ranging from 5 to 16 points. In the sample, 45% of the women had low (≤ 9 points), 32% had medium (10–11 points), and 22% had high (≥ 12 points) adherence to the rMedDiet. There was no association between rMedDiet and birth weight, length, head circumference or anthropometric indices (weight/length ratio and ponderal index). Pregnant women with a high rMedDiet score had a lower risk of delivering a SGA baby for weight (high vs low, OR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.16–0.79) and head circumference (high vs low, OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.18–0.86), and a nonsignificant decrease in risk of SGA for length (high vs low, OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.28–1.17). In conclusion, closer adherence to the MedDiet during pregnancy may have beneficial effects on foetal growth.
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Puig-Vallverdú J, Romaguera D, Fernández-Barrés S, Gignac F, Ibarluzea J, Santa-Maria L, Llop S, Gonzalez S, Vioque J, Riaño-Galán I, Fernández-Tardón G, Pinar A, Turner MC, Arija V, Salas-Savadó J, Vrijheid M, Julvez J. The association between maternal ultra-processed food consumption during pregnancy and child neuropsychological development: A population-based birth cohort study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2275-2283. [PMID: 36087519 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Effect of a maternal high fat diet with vegetable substitution on fetal brain transcriptome. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 108:109088. [PMID: 35691591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal dietary conditions play a major role in fetal growth and brain development. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effects of 5% of energy substitution by vegetables in a maternal dietary fat on placental and fetal weight and on fetal brain gene expression. Two-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were fed 16% (normal-fat, NF), 45% fat (HF), or HF substituted with vegetables (5% energy, HF+VS) diets for 12 weeks. Dams were then bred with NF diet-fed male mice. Placenta and fetal weights were measured at gestational age 19 (D19). RNA was isolated from fetal whole brains and sequenced using Illumina HiSeq. HF+VS diet prevented maternal HF diet-induced decreases in placental weight at D19. Feeding of a maternal HF diet was associated with 79 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while maternal vegetable substitution was associated with 131 DEGs. The vegetable substitution diet decreased Apold1 (P=0.0319), Spata2l (P=0.0404) and Celsr1 (P<0.03) expression compared to HF diet. Enrichment analysis of HF vs HF +VS DEGs identified that synapse organization, and regulation of embryonic development were significantly represented. KEGG enrichment analysis identified a significant representation of DEGs in the ubiquitin mediated proteolysis pathway in HF vs HF +VS, and chemokine signaling pathway in NF vs HF. These findings suggest that at D19, in a rodent model, a maternal HF diet alters placental and fetal growth, and that vegetable supplementation renders a protective effect against these changes.
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Lertxundi N, Molinuevo A, Valvi D, Gorostiaga A, Balluerka N, Shivappa N, Hebert J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Vioque J, Tardón A, Vrijheid M, Roumeliotaki T, Koutra K, Chatzi L, Ibarluzea J. Dietary inflammatory index of mothers during pregnancy and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in the child at preschool age: a prospective investigation in the INMA and RHEA cohorts. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:615-624. [PMID: 33398651 PMCID: PMC8713648 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation provides a substrate for mechanisms that underlie the association of maternal diet during pregnancy with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in childhood. However, no previous study has quantified the proinflammatory potential of maternal diet as a risk factor for ADHD. Thus, we evaluated the association of maternal dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores during pregnancy with ADHD symptoms in 4-year-old children born in two Mediterranean regions. We analyzed data from two population-based birth cohort studies-INMA (Environment and Childhood) four subcohorts in Spain (N = 2097), and RHEA study in Crete (Greece) (N = 444). The DII score of maternal diet was calculated based on validated food frequency questionnaires completed during pregnancy (12th and/or 32nd week of gestation). ADHD symptoms were assessed by ADHD-DSM-IV in INMA cohort and by ADHDT test in RHEA cohort, with questionnaires filled-out by teachers and parents, respectively. The associations between maternal DII and ADHD symptoms were analysed using multivariable-adjusted zero-inflated negative binomial regression models in each cohort study separately. Meta-analysis was conducted to combine data across the cohorts for fitting within one model. The DII was significantly higher in RHEA (RHEA = 2.09 [1.94, 2.24]) in comparison to INMA subcohorts (Asturias = - 1.52 [- 1.67, - 1.38]; Gipuzkoa = - 1.48 [- 1.64, - 1.33]; Sabadell = - 0.95 [- 1.07, - 0.83]; Valencia = - 0.76 [- 0.90, - 0.62]). Statistically significant reduced risk of inattention symptomatology (OR = 0.86; CI 95% = 0.77-0.96), hyperactivity symptomatology (OR = 0.82; CI 95% = 0.72-0.92) and total ADHD symptomatology (OR = 0.82; CI 95% = - 0.72 to 0.93) were observed with increased maternal DII in boys. No statistically significant associations were observed in girls between maternal DII and inattention, hyperactivity and total ADHD symptomatology. We found reduced risk of ADHD symptomatology with increased DII only in boys. This relationship requires further exploration in other settings.
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Grants
- R21 ES029328, R21 ES028903 NIEHS NIH HHS
- P30 ES007048 NIEHS NIH HHS
- R21 ES028903 NIEHS NIH HHS
- R21 ES029328 NIEHS NIH HHS
- CIRIT 1999SGR 00241, Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya
- G03/176, CB06/02/0041, FIS-PI041436, FIS- PI081151, FIS-PI042018, FISPI09/02311, FIS-PI06/0867, FIS-PS09/00090, FIS-FEDER PI11/1007 FIS-FEDER 03/1615, 04/1509, 04/1112, 04/1931 , 05/1079, 05/1052, 06/1213, 07/0314, and 09/02647 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- R21 ES029328, R21 ES028903 NIEHS NIH HHS
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Lertxundi
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Health Research Institute BIODONOSTIA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Amaia Molinuevo
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Dania Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arantxa Gorostiaga
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Health Research Institute BIODONOSTIA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nekane Balluerka
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Health Research Institute BIODONOSTIA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Eva María Navarrete-Muñoz
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL-UMH, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jesus Vioque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL-UMH, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Martine Vrijheid
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Koutra
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jesus Ibarluzea
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Health Research Institute BIODONOSTIA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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The impact a Mediterranean Diet in the third trimester of pregnancy has on neonatal body fat percentage. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:500-507. [PMID: 34658323 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diet during pregnancy has long been recognised as an important determinant of neonatal outcomes and child development. Infant body composition is a potentially modifiable risk factor for predicting future health and metabolic disease. Utilising the Mediterranean Diet Score, this study focused on how different levels of Mediterranean Diet adherence (MDA) in pregnancy influence body fat percentage of the infant. Information on 458 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy and their infants was obtained from The ORIGINS Project. The data included MDA score, body composition measurements using infant air displacement plethysmography (PEA POD), pregnancy, and birth information. Infants born to mothers with high MDA had a body fat percentage of 11.3%, whereas infants born to mothers with low MDA had a higher body fat percentage of 13.3% (p = 0.010). When adjusted for pre-pregnancy body mass index and infant sex, a significant result remained between high vs. low MDA and infant fat mass (FM) (2.5% less FM p = 0.016). This study suggests that high MDA in pregnancy was associated with a reduced body fat percentage in the newborn. Future studies are needed to understand whether small but significant changes in FM persist throughout childhood.
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Maternal Dietary Quality and Dietary Inflammation Associations with Offspring Growth, Placental Development, and DNA Methylation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093130. [PMID: 34579008 PMCID: PMC8468062 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases’ hypothesis posits that prenatal maternal diet influences offspring growth and later life health outcomes. Dietary assessment has focused on selected nutrients. However, this approach does not consider the complex interactions between foods and nutrients. To provide a more comprehensive approach to public health, dietary indices have been developed to assess dietary quality, dietary inflammation and risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Thus far, their use in the context of placental development is limited and associations with offspring outcomes have been inconsistent. Although epidemiological studies have focused on the role of maternal diet on foetal programming, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Some evidence suggests these associations may be driven by placental and epigenetic changes. In this narrative review, we examine the current literature regarding relationships between key validated diet quality scores (Dietary Inflammatory Index [DII], Mediterranean diet [MD], Healthy Eating Index [HEI], Alternative Healthy Eating Index [AHEI], Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH], Glycaemic Index [GI] and Glycaemic Load [GL]) in pregnancy and birth and long-term offspring outcomes. We summarise findings, discuss potential underlying placental and epigenetic mechanisms, in particular DNA methylation, and highlight the need for further research and public health strategies that incorporate diet quality and epigenetics.
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Rammah A, Whitworth KW, Amos CI, Estarlich M, Guxens M, Ibarluzea J, Iñiguez C, Subiza-Pérez M, Vrijheid M, Symanski E. Air Pollution, Residential Greenness and Metabolic Dysfunction during Early Pregnancy in the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179354. [PMID: 34501944 PMCID: PMC8430971 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive study, the role of air pollution in gestational diabetes remains unclear, and there is limited evidence of the beneficial impact of residential greenness on metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy. We used data from mothers in the Spanish INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project from 2003–2008. We obtained spatiotemporally resolved estimates of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposures in early pregnancy and estimated residential greenness using satellite-based Normal Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within 100, 300 and 500 m buffers surrounding the mother’s residence. We applied logistic regression models to evaluate associations between each of the three exposures of interest and (a) glucose intolerance and (b) abnormal lipid levels. We found limited evidence of associations between increases in PM2.5 and NO2 exposures and the metabolic outcomes. Though not statistically significant, high PM2.5 exposure (≥25 µg/m3) was associated with increased odds of glucose intolerance (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.63) and high cholesterol (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.44). High NO2 exposure (≥39.8 µg/m3) was inversely associated with odds of high triglycerides (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.45, 1.08). Whereas NDVI was not associated with glucose intolerance, odds of high triglycerides were increased, although the results were highly imprecise. Results were unchanged when the air pollutant variables were included in the regression models. Given the equivocal findings in our study, additional investigations are needed to assess effects of air pollution and residential greenness on metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Rammah
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.R.); (K.W.W.)
| | - Kristina W. Whitworth
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.R.); (K.W.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marisa Estarlich
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (M.G.); (J.I.); (C.I.); (M.S.-P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, The Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region, Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (M.G.); (J.I.); (C.I.); (M.S.-P.); (M.V.)
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (M.G.); (J.I.); (C.I.); (M.S.-P.); (M.V.)
- Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (M.G.); (J.I.); (C.I.); (M.S.-P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mikel Subiza-Pérez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (M.G.); (J.I.); (C.I.); (M.S.-P.); (M.V.)
- Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methods, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (M.G.); (J.I.); (C.I.); (M.S.-P.); (M.V.)
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.R.); (K.W.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Greathouse KL, Padgett RN, Petrosino J, Hastings-Tolsma M, Faucher MA. Exploration of Diet Quality by Obesity Severity in Association with Gestational Weight Gain and Distal Gut Microbiota in Pregnant African American Women: Opportunities for Intervention. Matern Child Health J 2021; 26:882-894. [PMID: 34462812 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-021-03198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct an exploratory examination of dietary patterns and quality during pregnancy in African-American women who were class I, II, or III obese, and those women with normal pre-pregnancy body mass index (pBMI), as well to identify dietary factors associated with GWG, and changes in the distal gut microbiome. African American women represent the largest group affected by pre-pregnancy obesity, a risk factor for several adverse birth outcomes. METHODS This prospective study investigated the association between diet, distal gut microbiome, and GWG among African-American women (n = 21) with obesity (n = 15) compared to women with a normal pre-pregnancy body mass index (pBMI) (n = 6) at two time points, 27-29 and 37-39 weeks gestation. Dietary patterns associated with obesity severity and GWG gain were assessed using Welch's T-test and Mann-Whitney U. The association between the gut microbiome and dietary patterns was assessed using a regression-based kernel association test and the adaptive microbiome-based sum of powered score test. RESULTS In early pregnancy, dietary intake of Total Fruits and Greens and Beans was significantly different between pBMI and GWG groups; significance was 0.022 and 0.028 respectively. Women with Class II/III obesity and those with GWG above guidelines had Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores below 50, meeting less than 75% of dietary guidelines, and did not meet recommendations for fruit and vegetable or fiber intake. We found no significant associations between the microbiome composition and diet (HEI Scores). CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE Overall, the results indicate that women with pBMI obesity are not meeting minimum dietary guidelines for nutrient intakes during pregnancy, specifically fruits, vegetables, and fiber, regardless of GWG. Interventions for African-American women with pre-pregnancy obesity, with a focus on increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables, would be beneficial to control GWG and improve birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leigh Greathouse
- Nutrition Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97346, Waco, TX, 76798-7346, USA. .,Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97346, Waco, TX, 76798-7346, USA.
| | - R Noah Padgett
- Educational Psychology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97346, Waco, TX, 76798-7346, USA
| | - Joseph Petrosino
- The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Hastings-Tolsma
- Louise Herrington School of Nursing, Dallas, TX; Midwifery Specialty, Baylor University, 333 N. Washington Ave., Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M A Faucher
- Advanced Practice Nursing Women's Centers, Parkland Health and Hospital System, 5200 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
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Validity and Reproducibility of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Nutrients Intake of Pregnant Women in the South-East of Spain. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093032. [PMID: 34578909 PMCID: PMC8467594 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper nutrition during pregnancy is pivotal to maintain good health for the child and the mother. This study evaluates the reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) designed to assess nutrient intake during pregnancy in the GENEIDA (Genetics, Early life Environmental Exposures and Infant Development in Andalusia) prospective birth cohort study. In addition, the nutrient intake was estimated and then compared with European guidelines and other studies. Diet information was collected from 690 pregnant women using a FFQ administered at two periods of pregnancy (used for the reproducibility study) and 24-h dietary recall (for the validity study). Statistical approaches included Spearman's correlation coefficient and percentage agreement, classifying women into the same or adjacent quintiles to assess reproducibility, and limits of agreement (LoA) to evaluate validity. In the study of reproducibility, significant correlations for nutrients adjusted for total energy had an average of 0.417. Moreover, the percentage of subjects classified in the same quintile for nutrient intakes were above 66%. In the validation study, the significant correlation for nutrients adjusted for total energy had an average of 0.272. Nevertheless, the percentage of results in the LoA was above 94%. Our results were similar to other studies suggesting that the FFQ used is a valid tool of collect dietary intakes for South-East Spanish pregnant women.
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Zhao Q, Hu Z, Kocak M, Liu J, Fowke JH, Han JC, Kakhniashvili D, Lewinn KZ, Bush NR, Mason WA, Tylavsky FA. Associations of prenatal metabolomics profiles with early childhood growth trajectories and obesity risk in African Americans: the CANDLE study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1439-1447. [PMID: 33824402 PMCID: PMC8496965 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal metabolomics profiles, providing measures of in utero nutritional and environmental exposures, may improve the prediction of childhood outcomes. We aimed to identify prenatal plasma metabolites associated with early childhood body mass index (BMI) trajectories and overweight/obesity risk in offspring. METHODS This study included 450 African American mother-child pairs from the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood Study. An untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed on the mothers' plasma samples collected during the second trimester. The children's BMI-z-score trajectories from birth to age 4 [rising-high- (9.8%), moderate- (68.2%), and low-BMI (22.0%)] and overweight/obesity status at age 4 were the main outcomes. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select the prenatal metabolites associated with childhood outcomes. RESULTS The mothers were 24.5 years old on average at recruitment, 76.4% having education less than 12 years and 80.0% with Medicaid or Medicare. In LASSO, seven and five prenatal metabolites were associated with the BMI-z-score trajectories and overweight/obese at age 4, respectively. These metabolites are mainly from/relevant to the pathways of steroid biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, vitamin B complex, and xenobiotics metabolism (e.g., caffeine and nicotine). The odds ratios (95% CI) associated with a one SD increase in the prenatal metabolite risk scores (MRSs) constructed from the LASSO-selected metabolites were 2.97 (1.95-4.54) and 2.03 (1.54-2.67) for children being in the rising-high-BMI trajectory group and overweight/obesity at age 4, respectively. The MRSs significantly improved the risk prediction for childhood outcomes beyond traditional prenatal risk factors. The increase (95% CI) in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.10 (0.03-0.18) and 0.07 (0.02-0.12) for the rising-high-BMI trajectory (P = 0.005) and overweight/obesity at age 4 (P = 0.007), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal metabolomics profiles advanced prediction of early childhood growth trajectories and obesity risk in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Zunsong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, Office of Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jay H Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joan C Han
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, and Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Kakhniashvili
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Office of Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kaja Z Lewinn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frances A Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Hu J, Aris IM, Lin PID, Wan N, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wen D. Association of Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Offspring Weight Status across Infancy: Results from a Prospective Birth Cohort in China. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062040. [PMID: 34203618 PMCID: PMC8232115 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Literature on maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and offspring weight status have been largely equivocal. We aimed to investigate the association of maternal dietary patterns with infant weight status among 937 mother–infant dyads in a Chinese birth cohort. We assessed maternal diet during pregnancy using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and three-day food diaries (TFD) and examined infants’ body weight and length at birth, 1, 3, 6, 8 and 12 months. Maternal adherence to the “protein-rich pattern (FFQ)” was associated with lower infant body mass index z-scores (BMIZ) at birth, 3 and 6 months and lower odds of overweight and obesity (OwOb) across infancy (quartile 3 (Q3) vs. quartile 1 (Q1): odds ratio (OR): 0.50, (95% confidence interval: 0.27, 0.93)). Maternal adherence to the “vegetable–fruit–rice pattern (FFQ)” was associated with higher BMIZ at birth, 3 and 6 months and higher odds of OwOb across infancy (Q3 vs. Q1: OR: 1.79, (1.03, 3.12)). Maternal adherence to the “fried food–bean–dairy pattern (TFD)” was associated with lower BMIZ at 3, 6, 8 and 12 months and lower odds of OwOb (Q3 vs. Q1: OR: 0.54, (0.31, 0.95)). The study results may help to develop interventions and to better define target populations for childhood obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Hu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.H.); (N.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.)
- Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Division of Chronic Disease Research across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (I.M.A.); (P.-I.D.L.)
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (I.M.A.); (P.-I.D.L.)
| | - Pi-I D. Lin
- Division of Chronic Disease Research across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (I.M.A.); (P.-I.D.L.)
| | - Ningyu Wan
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.H.); (N.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.)
- Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.H.); (N.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.)
- Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.H.); (N.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Deliang Wen
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.H.); (N.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Fornari E, Brusati M, Maffeis C. Nutritional Strategies for Childhood Obesity Prevention. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:532. [PMID: 34201017 PMCID: PMC8227398 DOI: 10.3390/life11060532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing the spread of obesity represents a challenge for clinicians in which obesity prevention plays a key role in achieving this purpose. The aim of this review is to analyze the nutritional interventions that can be implemented to prevent childhood obesity. METHODS Searching PubMed and Cochrane Library between 2019 and 2021. Further searching with no date range for articles selected for their specific relevance in the pediatric area or for their scientific relevance. A total of 871 articles were identified and 90 were included. RESULTS We organized the results of the selected articles into age groups, and according to the subjects targeted for interventions or to the site of interventions, reserving an in-depth analysis on specific nutritional aspects. Promotion of breastfeeding, reduction of protein content of formulated milks, and diet of the first 12-24 months, involving family and schools in interventions that promote physical activity and healthy diet, are promising strategies for reduction of the risk of obesity. To increase the efficacy of interventions, a multidimensional approach is crucial. CONCLUSIONS A multidimensional approach, which takes into consideration different areas of intervention, is pivotal for childhood obesity prevention. Integrated programs involving several components (nutrition and physical activity at first) at different levels (individual, family, school, and institutional) are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fornari
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Marco Brusati
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
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Pre-Pregnancy Diet Quality Is Associated with Lowering the Risk of Offspring Obesity and Underweight: Finding from a Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041044. [PMID: 33804865 PMCID: PMC8063840 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diet plays a critical role in epigenetic changes and the establishment of the gut microbiome in the fetus, which has been associated with weight outcomes in offspring. This study examined the association between maternal diet quality before pregnancy and childhood body mass index (BMI) in offspring. There were 1936 mothers with 3391 children included from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) and the Mothers and their Children’s Health (MatCH) study. Maternal dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative and validated 101-item food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The healthy eating index (HEI-2015) score was used to explore preconception diet quality. Childhood BMI was categorized as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese based on sex and age-specific BMI classifications for children. Multinomial logistic regression with cluster-robust standard errors was used for analyses. Greater adherence to maternal diet quality before pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of offspring being underweight after adjustment for potential confounders, highest vs. lowest quartile (relative risk ratio (RRR) = 0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 0.96). Higher adherence to preconception diet quality was also inversely linked with the risk of childhood obesity (RRR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.98). This association was, however, no longer significant after adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI. Sodium intake was significantly associated with decreased risk of childhood overweight and obesity (RRR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.23) and (RRR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.26), respectively. No significant association was detected between preconception diet quality and offspring being overweight. This study suggests that better adherence to maternal diet quality before pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of childhood underweight and obesity.
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Monthé-Drèze C, Rifas-Shiman SL, Aris IM, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Sen S, Oken E. Maternal diet in pregnancy is associated with differences in child body mass index trajectories from birth to adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:895-904. [PMID: 33721014 PMCID: PMC8023853 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition in pregnancy and accelerated childhood growth are important predictors of obesity risk. Yet, it is unknown which dietary patterns in pregnancy are associated with accelerated growth and whether there are specific periods from birth to adolescence that are most sensitive to these associations. OBJECTIVES To examine the extent to which 3 dietary indices in pregnancy [Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS)] are associated with child BMI z-score (BMI-z) trajectories from birth to adolescence. METHODS We examined 1459 mother-child dyads from Project Viva that had FFQ data in pregnancy and ≥3 child BMI-z measurements between birth and adolescence. We used linear spline mixed-effects models to examine whether BMI-z growth rates and BMI z-scores differed by quartile of each dietary index from birth to 1 mo, 1-6 mo, 6 mo to 3 y, 3-10 y, and >10 y. RESULTS The means ± SDs for DII (range, -9 to +8 units), AHEI-P (range, 0-90 points), and MDS (range, 0-9 points) were -2.6 ± 1.4 units, 61 ± 10 points, and 4.6 ± 2.0 points, respectively. In adjusted models, children of women in the highest (vs. lowest) DII quartile had higher BMI-z growth rates between 3-10 y (β, 0.03 SD units/y; 95% CI: 0.00-0.06) and higher BMI z-scores from 7 y through 10 y. Children of women with low adherence to a Mediterranean diet had higher BMI z-scores from 3 y through 15 y. Associations of AHEI-P with growth rates and BMI z-scores from birth through adolescence were null. CONCLUSIONS A higher DII and a lower MDS in pregnancy, but not AHEI-P results, are associated with higher BMI-z trajectories during distinct growth periods from birth through adolescence. Identifying the specific dietary patterns in pregnancy associated with rapid weight gain in children could inform strategies to reduce child obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA,Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hebert
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA,Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sarbattama Sen
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Eckl MR, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Küpers LK. Maternal Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy: A Review of Commonly Used a priori Indexes. Nutrients 2021; 13:582. [PMID: 33578689 PMCID: PMC7916386 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, many a priori indexes are being used to assess maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) during pregnancy but each with different components, cut-off points, and scoring systems. This narrative review aimed to identify all observational studies utilizing a priori indexes to assess maternal adherence to the MD during pregnancy. A systematic search was conducted in Pubmed until 1 July 2020. Among the 27 studies included, eight different a priori indexes were identified. Studies included a range of 5 to 13 dietary components in their indexes. Only three dietary components-vegetables, fruits, and fish-were common among all indexes. Dairy and alcohol were the only two components modified for pregnancy. All but one study either excluded alcohol from their index or reversed its scoring to contribute to decreased adherence to the MD. Approximately half of the studies established cut-off points based on the distribution of the study population; the others utilized fixed criteria. This review emphasizes the incongruent definitions of the MD impairing effective comparison among studies relating to maternal or offspring health outcomes. Future research should carefully consider the heterogeneous definitions of the MD in a priori indexes and the relevance of incorporating pregnancy-specific nutritional requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion R. Eckl
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Leanne K. Küpers
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
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Abdollahi S, Soltani S, de Souza RJ, Forbes SC, Toupchian O, Salehi-Abargouei A. Associations between Maternal Dietary Patterns and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1332-1352. [PMID: 33508080 PMCID: PMC8321866 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze prospective cohort studies investigating the relation between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy with pregnancy and birth outcomes. PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science were searched from inception until October 2019 for eligible studies. Studies reporting relative risk, ORs, or incidences (for binary data) or means ± SDs or B-coefficients (for continuous outcomes) comparing the highest and lowest adherence with maternal dietary patterns were included. Dietary patterns were categorized as "healthy," "unhealthy," or "mixed." No language restrictions were applied. Study-specific effect sizes with SEs for outcomes of interest were pooled using a random-effects model. Quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Sixty-six relevant publications were included. A higher maternal adherence to a healthy diet was associated with a reduced risk of gestational hypertension (14%, P < 0.001), maternal depression (40%, P = 0.004), low birth weight (28%, P = 0.001), preterm birth (56%, P < 0.001), higher gestational weight gain (Hedges' g: 0.15; P = 0.01), and birth weight (Hedges' g: 0.19; P = 0.007). Higher maternal adherence to an unhealthy or a mixed diet was associated with higher odds of gestational hypertension (23%, P < 0.001 for unhealthy, and 8%, P = 0.01 for mixed diet). In stratified analyses, a higher healthy eating index was associated with reduced odds of being large based on gestational age (31%, P = 0.02) and a higher head circumference at birth (0.23 cm, P = 0.02). The Mediterranean and "prudent" dietary patterns were related to lower odds of being small based on gestational age (46%, P = 0.04) and preterm birth (52%, P = 0.03), respectively. The overall GRADE quality of the evidence for most associations was low or very low, indicating that future high-quality research is warranted. This study was registered at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO as CRD42018089756.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Abdollahi
- School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott C Forbes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Omid Toupchian
- School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Effect of Vitamin D Status during Pregnancy on Infant Neurodevelopment: The ECLIPSES Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103196. [PMID: 33086652 PMCID: PMC7603368 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D status during pregnancy is involved in numerous physiological processes, including brain development. In this study, we assess the association between vitamin D status during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment (cognitive, language, and motor skills). From an initial sample of 793 women (mean age 30.6) recruited before the 12th week of pregnancy, 422 mother–infant pairs were followed up to a postpartum visit. Vitamin D levels were assessed in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, and socio-demographic, nutritional, and psychological variables were collected. At 40 days postpartum, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III were administered to the infants and several obstetrical data were recorded. Independently from several confounding factors, deficient vitamin D levels in the first trimester of pregnancy (<30 nmol/L) predicted a worse performance in cognitive and language skills. Language performance worsened with lower vitamin D levels (<20 nmol/L). In the third trimester, this highly deficient level was also associated with lower motor skills. Vitamin D deficiency was therefore associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes. More studies are needed to determine specific recommendations with regard to vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy in order to promote an optimal course for pregnancy and optimal infant neurodevelopment.
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Su X, Zhu W, Li N, Sun J, Zhu Y, Liu T, Xia H, Dai Z, Zhang Y, Pan L, Jiang W. Adjusting DBI-2016 to dietary balance index for Chinese maternal women and assessing the association between maternal dietary quality and postpartum weight retention: A longitudinal study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237225. [PMID: 32817619 PMCID: PMC7444517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is believed to play a major role in maternal recovery, postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is one of the challenges for Chinese women. However, the association between puerperal women’s diet and PPWR remained unclear and complicated in China. The study assessed the dietary quality of puerperal women using adjusted Chinese Dietary Balance Index-16 (DBI-16) and explored its associations with PPWR. Participants were enrolled in the Mother-Infant Cohort Study of China. Dietary intake and demographic characteristics were obtained by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a self-designed questionnaire at 0–3 months postpartum. PPWR was calculated by the weight difference at 0-3months and 6-8months postpartum minus pre-pregnancy weight. Dietary quality was assessed using adjusted DBI-16. 316 puerperal women were enrolled. According to adjusted DBI-16, 84.8% of participants had an insufficient dietary intake (vegetables 84.8%, fruits 91.8%, dairy 87.3%, soybean 61.4% and aquatic foods 79.4%, respectively), 67.1% had an excessive intake (cereals 60%, meat 57.3% and eggs 64.9%, respectively), 98.4% had an imbalanced diet consumption. PPWR at 0–3, and 6–8 months were 6.0 (±5.1) kg and 5.2 (±7.7) kg, and the percentage of PPWR (≥5kg) were 63.0% and 52.8% respectively. Multivariable linear regression showed the intake of fish and shrimp at 0–3 months postpartum was negatively associated with PPWR at 6–8 months (β = -0.114, SE = 0.279, p < 0.05). The diet quality of Chinese puerperal women was unreasonable and imbalanced. Fish intake tended to be a favorable factor for postpartum weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Niuniu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Haoye Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Dai
- Peking-Ausnutria Maternal and Infant Nutrition Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Peking-Ausnutria Maternal and Infant Nutrition Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Pan
- Peking-Ausnutria Maternal and Infant Nutrition Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Peking-Ausnutria Maternal and Infant Nutrition Research Center, Beijing, China
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Melero V, Assaf-Balut C, García de la Torre N, Jiménez I, Bordiú E, del Valle L, Valerio J, Familiar C, Durán A, Runkle I, de Miguel MP, Montañez C, Barabash A, Cuesta M, Herraiz MA, Izquierdo N, Rubio MA, Calle-Pascual AL. Benefits of Adhering to a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Pistachios in Pregnancy on the Health of Offspring at 2 Years of Age. Results of the San Carlos Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051454. [PMID: 32414066 PMCID: PMC7290358 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrauterine environment may be related to the future development of chronic diseases in the offspring. The St. Carlos gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention study, is a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the influence of the early (before 12th gestational week) Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on the onset of GDM and adverse gestational outcomes. Out of 874 women assessed after delivery (440 control group (CG)/434 intervention group (IG)), 703 children were followed (365/338; CG/IG), with the aim to assess whether the adherence to a MedDiet during pregnancy induces health benefits for the offspring during the first two years of life. Logistic regression analysis showed that the IG in children of mothers with pre-gestational body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 and normal glucose tolerance (NGT), was associated with a lower risk (RR(95% CI)) of suffering from severe events requiring hospitalization due to bronchiolitis/asthma (0.75(0.58–0.98) and 0.77(0.59–0.99), respectively) or other diseases that required either antibiotic (0.80(0.65–0.98) and 0.80(0.65–0.99), respectively), corticosteroid treatment (0.73(0.59–0.90) and 0.79(0.62–1.00) respectively) or both (all p < 0.05). A nutritional intervention based on the MedDiet during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in offspring’s hospital admissions, especially in women with pre-gestational BMI < 25 kg/m2 and NGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Melero
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - Carla Assaf-Balut
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - Nuria García de la Torre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Jiménez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Elena Bordiú
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - Laura del Valle
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Johanna Valerio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Cristina Familiar
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Alejandra Durán
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - Isabelle Runkle
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - María Paz de Miguel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - Carmen Montañez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Ana Barabash
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Cuesta
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Herraiz
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Izquierdo
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rubio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
| | - Alfonso L. Calle-Pascual
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.); (C.A.-B.); (N.G.d.l.T.); (I.J.); (E.B.); (L.d.V.); (J.V.); (C.F.); (A.D.); (I.R.); (M.P.d.M.); (C.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina. Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.H.); (N.I.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Fossati S, Valvi D, Martinez D, Cirach M, Estarlich M, Fernández-Somoano A, Guxens M, Iñiguez C, Irizar A, Lertxundi A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Tamayo I, Vioque J, Tardón A, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M. Prenatal air pollution exposure and growth and cardio-metabolic risk in preschoolers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105619. [PMID: 32193046 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between outdoor air pollutants exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy, and growth and cardio-metabolic risk at four years of age, and evaluated the mediating role of birth weight. METHODS We included mother-child pairs (N = 1,724) from the Spanish INMA birth cohort established in 2003-2008. First trimester of pregnancy nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particles (PM2.5) exposure levels were estimated. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and lipids were measured at four years of age. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to four years were identified. RESULTS Increased PM2.5 exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with decreased z-scores of weight (zWeight) and BMI (zBMI) (zWeight change per interquartile range increase in PM2.5 exposure = -0.12; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.01; zBMI change = -0.12; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.01). Higher NO2 and PM2.5 exposure was associated to a reduced risk of being in a trajectory with accelerated BMI gain, compared to children with the average trajectory. Birth weight partially mediated the association between PM2.5 and zWeight and zBMI. PM2.5 and NO2 were not associated with the other cardio-metabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive study of many growth and cardio-metabolic risk related outcomes suggests that air pollution exposure during pregnancy may be associated with delays in physical growth in the early years after birth. These findings imply that pregnancy exposure to air pollutants has a lasting effect on growth after birth and require follow-up at later child ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Martinez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marisa Estarlich
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, 46020, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA-FINBA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Statistics and Computational Research, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Nursing of the University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ibon Tamayo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Universidad Miguel Hernandez, ISABIAL-FISABIO, Alicante, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA-FINBA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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Maternal profile according to Mediterranean diet adherence and small for gestational age and preterm newborn outcomes. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:1372-1384. [PMID: 32345384 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate maternal Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern adherence during pregnancy and its association with small for gestational age (SGA) and preterm birth. A secondary objective of the current study was to describe the sociodemographic, lifestyle and obstetric profile of the mothers studied as well as the most relevant paternal and newborn characteristics. DESIGN The current study is a two-phase retrospective population-based study of maternal dietary habits during pregnancy and their effect on newborn size and prematurity. The descriptive first phase examined maternal dietary habits during pregnancy along with the maternal sociodemographic, lifestyle and obstetric profile in a cross-sectional period study. In the second phase, newborn outcomes were evaluated in a nested case-control study. Adherence to MD during pregnancy was measured with the Spanish version of Kidmed index. SETTING Obstetrics ward of the La Fe Hospital in Valencia. PARTICIPANTS All mother-child pairs admitted after delivery during a 12-month period starting from January 2018 were assessed for eligibility. A total of 1118 provided complete outcome data after signing informed consent. RESULTS 14·5 % met the criteria of poor adherence (PA); 34·8 %, medium adherence (MA); and 50·7 %, optimal adherence (OA). Medium adherence to MD was associated in the adjusted scenarios with a higher risk of giving birth to a preterm newborn. No association was found between MD adherence and SGA. CONCLUSIONS Early intervention programmes geared towards pregnant women, where women were aided in reaching OA to MD, might reduce the risk of preterm newborn.
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Maternal healthful dietary patterns during peripregnancy and long-term overweight risk in their offspring. Eur J Epidemiol 2020; 35:283-293. [PMID: 32185575 PMCID: PMC7154013 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-020-00621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adherence to healthful dietary patterns is associated with lower body mass index (BMI) in adults; however, whether maternal diet quality during peripregnancy is related to a lower overweight risk in the offspring remains to be elucidated. We investigated the associations between the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) during peripregnancy and offspring weight outcomes in a study including 2729 mother–child pairs from the Nurses’ Health Study II and offspring cohort Growing Up Today Study II. Children, 12–14 years at baseline were 21–23 years at the last follow-up. Overweight or obesity was defined according to International Obesity Task Force (< 18 years) and World-Health-Organization guidelines (18 + years). Maternal dietary patterns were calculated from food frequency questionnaires. Log-binomial models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals. In models adjusted for sex, gestational age at delivery and maternal total energy intake, greater maternal adherence to aMED and DASH, but not AHEI, was associated with lower overweight risk in the offspring (RRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.82 [0.70–0.97] for aMED and 0.86 [0.72–1.04] for DASH, P for trend < 0.05 for both). After additional adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy lifestyle factors and socio-demographic characteristic, none of the diet quality scores were significantly associated with offspring overweight risk. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI did not modify any of these associations. In this population of generally well-nourished women, maternal healthful dietary patterns during the period surrounding pregnancy were not independently associated with offspring overweight risk at ages 12–23 years.
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Litvak J, Parekh N, Deierlein A. Prenatal dietary exposures and offspring body size from 6 months to 18 years: A systematic review. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2020; 34:171-189. [PMID: 32011754 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In utero dietary exposures may influence childhood obesity. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between prenatal dietary exposures and offspring body size from 6 months to 18 years. DATA SOURCES Articles were identified in PubMed and Web of Science (January 2010-March 2018) using the PRISMA guidelines. Additional studies were identified through a reference review of articles that met the inclusion criteria and related reviews. STUDY SELECTION Prospective cohort studies that assessed dietary patterns, foods, macronutrients, or beverages during healthy pregnancy and offspring body size. The extraction of articles was done using predefined data fields. SYNTHESIS One author extracted all information and evaluated bias with the NHLBI's Quality Assessment Tool. RESULTS A total of 851 research articles were evaluated. Twenty-one studies assessing dietary patterns, macronutrients, foods, and beverages met inclusion criteria. Consumption of a Mediterranean dietary pattern during pregnancy was associated with reduced body size, while refined carbohydrates were associated with offspring obesity. No association was observed between data-driven dietary patterns and offspring body size, as well as a pro-inflammatory diet pattern and offspring body size. Mixed and null findings were observed for the relationship between total carbohydrates, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, protein, sugar-sweetened beverages, and artificially sweetened beverages and offspring body size. CONCLUSIONS Adhering to a Mediterranean diet and limiting refined carbohydrates during pregnancy may influence offspring body size between 6 months and 18 years. The diverging results that exist between studies highlight the complexity of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niyati Parekh
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Deierlein
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Hu Z, Tylavsky FA, Kocak M, Fowke JH, Han JC, Davis RL, LeWinn KZ, Bush NR, Sathyanarayana S, Karr CJ, Zhao Q. Effects of Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy on Early Childhood Growth Trajectories and Obesity Risk: The CANDLE Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E465. [PMID: 32069778 PMCID: PMC7071328 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the associations between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and early childhood growth trajectories and overweight/obesity risk in offspring. Maternal diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire during the second trimester, and dietary patterns were derived by reduced rank regression. The associations between maternal dietary pattern scores and body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to age four (rising-high, moderate, and low BMI trajectories) as well as overweight/obesity risk at age four were analyzed (n = 1257). Two maternal dietary patterns were identified. The fast food pattern included a higher intake of fried chicken and fish, fruit juices, mayonnaise, and sugar-sweetened beverages, while the processed food pattern included a higher intake of dairy, salad dressing, processed meat, and cold breakfast cereal. Women with greater adherence to the fast food pattern were more likely to have children in the rising-high BMI trajectory group [OR (95% CI) = 1.32 (1.07-1.62); p = 0.008] or having overweight/obesity at age four [OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.11-1.54); p = 0.001]. The processed food pattern was not associated with these outcomes. The maternal dietary pattern during pregnancy represented by fried foods and sugar-sweetened beverages may contribute to rapid early childhood growth and increased risk for obesity in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunsong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.H.); (F.A.T.); (M.K.); (J.H.F.)
| | - Frances A. Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.H.); (F.A.T.); (M.K.); (J.H.F.)
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.H.); (F.A.T.); (M.K.); (J.H.F.)
| | - Jay H. Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.H.); (F.A.T.); (M.K.); (J.H.F.)
| | - Joan C. Han
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, and Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA;
| | - Robert L. Davis
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA;
| | - Kaja Z. LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA;
| | - Nicole R. Bush
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA;
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle, WA 98121, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98121, USA;
| | - Catherine J. Karr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98121, USA;
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.H.); (F.A.T.); (M.K.); (J.H.F.)
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Arija V, Hernández-Martínez C, Tous M, Canals J, Guxens M, Fernández-Barrés S, Ibarluzea J, Babarro I, Soler-Blasco R, Llop S, Vioque J, Sunyer J, Julvez J. Association of Iron Status and Intake During Pregnancy with Neuropsychological Outcomes in Children Aged 7 Years: The Prospective Birth Cohort Infancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122999. [PMID: 31817835 PMCID: PMC6949977 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Early iron status plays an important role in prenatal neurodevelopment. Iron deficiency and high iron status have been related to alterations in child cognitive development; however, there are no data about iron intake during pregnancy with other environmental factors in relation to long term cognitive functioning of children. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between maternal iron status and iron intake during pregnancy and child neuropsychological outcomes at 7 years of age. We used data from the INMA Cohort population-based study. Iron status during pregnancy was assessed according to serum ferritin levels, and iron intake was assessed with food frequency questionnaires. Working memory, attention, and executive function were assessed in children at 7 years old with the N-Back task, Attention Network Task, and the Trail Making Test, respectively. The results show that, after controlling for potential confounders, normal maternal serum ferritin levels (from 12 mg/L to 60 mg/L) and iron intake (from 14.5 mg/day to 30.0 mg/day), respectively, were related to better scores in working memory and executive functioning in offspring. Since these functions have been associated with better academic performance and adaptation to the environment, maintaining a good state of maternal iron from the beginning of pregnancy could be a valuable strategy for the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Arija
- Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Research Group on Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (V.A.); (C.H.-M.); (M.T.); (J.C.)
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Hernández-Martínez
- Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Research Group on Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (V.A.); (C.H.-M.); (M.T.); (J.C.)
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mónica Tous
- Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Research Group on Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (V.A.); (C.H.-M.); (M.T.); (J.C.)
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josefa Canals
- Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Research Group on Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (V.A.); (C.H.-M.); (M.T.); (J.C.)
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mónica Guxens
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (S.F.-B.); (J.S.)
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.); (J.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3000CD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (S.F.-B.); (J.S.)
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.); (J.V.)
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.); (J.V.)
- Department of Health, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Izaro Babarro
- Department of Health, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-B.); (S.L.)
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.); (J.V.)
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (S.F.-B.); (J.S.)
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.); (J.V.)
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (S.F.-B.); (J.S.)
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-932-147-349
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Food Consumption during Pregnancy and Post-Partum. ECLIPSES Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102447. [PMID: 31615024 PMCID: PMC6836140 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequate maternal diet can adversely affect mother and child. Our aim was to assess adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and to the Mediterranean diet, to analyze changes in diet during pregnancy and post-partum, and to identify maternal factors associated with food consumption. A total of 793 healthy pregnant women were recruited during the first prenatal visit and followed until the post-partum period. Data from the clinical history, anthropometric measurements, and lifestyle habits were collected. Food consumption was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. The results show that in pregnant women the consumption of healthy foods did not meet recommendations, whereas consumption of red and processed meat and sweet food exceeded recommendations. The results also show a medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet that remained unchanged throughout pregnancy. A significant decrease was observed in the consumption of fruits, followed by vegetables and then salted and sweet cereals from pregnancy to post-partum. A better adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been reported by pregnant women that are older, of higher social class, and higher education level, and who do not smoke nor drink (p < 0.005). In conclusion, the diet of pregnant women from Spain departs from recommendations, medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet was maintained throughout the pregnancy and post-partum, and a decreasing consumption of healthy food from the first trimester to the post-partum period was observed. Maternal factors such as age, social class, education, and smoking influence diet quality.
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Gonzalez-Nahm S, Hoyo C, Østbye T, Neelon B, Allen C, Benjamin-Neelon SE. Associations of maternal diet with infant adiposity at birth, 6 months and 12 months. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030186. [PMID: 31494614 PMCID: PMC6731802 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess associations between maternal prenatal diet quality and infant adiposity. DESIGN The design was a prospective birth cohort. SETTING We used data from the Nurture study, a cohort of women and their infants residing in the southeastern USA. PARTICIPANTS AND EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT Between 2013 and 2015, we enrolled 860 women between 20 and 36 weeks' gestation. After reconsenting at delivery and excluding women with implausible calorie intakes, we measured dietary intake using the Block food frequency questionnaire, and assessed diet quality using a modified Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), which assessed intake of 10 food categories, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts/legumes, fats, meats, beverages and sodium (excluding alcohol). OUTCOMES We assessed birth weight for gestational age z-score, small and large for gestational age, low birth weight and macrosomia. Outcomes at 6 and 12 months were weight-for-length z-score, sum of subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness (SS+TR) and subscapular-to-triceps skinfold ratio (SS:TR). RESULTS Among mothers, 70.2% were black and 20.9% were white; less than half (45.2%) reported having a high school diploma or less. Among infants, 8.7% were low birth weight and 8.6% were small for gestational age. Unadjusted estimates showed that a higher AHEI-2010 score, was associated with a higher birth weight for gestational z-score (β=0.01; 95% CI 0.002 to 0.02; p=0.02) and a greater likelihood of macrosomia (OR=1.04; 95% CI 1.004 to 1.09; p=0.03). After adjustment, maternal diet quality was not associated with infant adiposity at birth, 6 or 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Although poor maternal diet quality during pregnancy was not associated with infant adiposity in our study, maternal diet during pregnancy may still be an important and modifiable factor of public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Truls Østbye
- Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Neelon
- Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carter Allen
- Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sara E Benjamin-Neelon
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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49
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Saraf-Bank S, Ahmadi A, Paknahad Z, Maracy M, Nourian M. Effects of curcumin on cardiovascular risk factors in obese and overweight adolescent girls: a randomized clinical trial. SAO PAULO MED J 2019; 137:414-422. [PMID: 31691723 PMCID: PMC9745817 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0454120419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese adolescents are at higher risk of development of cardiovascular risk factors and obesity in later life. Dietary intake of antioxidants, particularly curcumin, as an active ingredient of turmeric extract, may have noticeable effects on obesity and its important complications such as cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors among overweight and obese female adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING Randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial; Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. METHODS 60 adolescent girls (aged 13-18 years) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or intervention. The adolescents were asked to consume one 500 mg tablet per day, containing either standardized 95% turmeric extract or placebo, and to undergo a weight maintenance or a mild weight loss diet for 10 weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical indices were assessed at the baseline and the end of the intervention. RESULTS Curcumin supplementation had beneficial effects on body mass index (P = 0.019), waist circumference (P = 0.008), hip circumference (P = 0.030), high-density lipoprotein levels (P = 0.042) and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio (P = 0.021). However, in univariate analysis of covariance, no significant differences were found between the intervention and placebo groups after 10 weeks of supplementation (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prescription of curcumin supplementation along with use of a slight weight loss diet might have beneficial effects on some cardiovascular risk factors among overweight and obese female adolescents. Larger clinical trials with higher curcumin doses and longer duration are needed to confirm the results from the current study. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20171107037302N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Saraf-Bank
- MSc. Doctoral Student and Dietitian, Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Doctoral Student and Dietitian, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; and Doctoral Student and Dietitian, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Alireza Ahmadi
- MD. Associate Professor and Cardiologist, Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- PhD. Full Professor and Dietitian, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, and Full Professor and Dietitian, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Maracy
- PhD. Full Professor and Statistician, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mojgan Nourian
- PhD. Assistant Professor and Dietitian, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, and Assistant Professor and Dietitian, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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50
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Morales-Suarez-Varela M, Peraita-Costa I, Guillamon Escudero C, Llopis-Morales A, Llopis-Gonzalez A. Total body skeletal muscle mass and diet in children aged 6-8 years: ANIVA Study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:944-951. [PMID: 31389713 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to assess if there was any relationship between the amount of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in children aged 6-8 years and their nutritional intake. The Valencian Anthropometry and Child Nutrition (ANIVA) study is a cross-sectional study with children aged between 6-8 years (n = 1988) from schools in Valencia. Children were distributed into 4 groups for comparison: normal and high SMM and by sex. Anthropometric data were obtained following World Health Organization protocols. Nutritional intake was measured using a prospective 3-day food journal and the KIDMED questionnaire. Of the whole child sample, 63.9% had high SMM values. No differences were found in adherence to a Mediterranean diet or absolute energy intake. Significant differences were found in the proportion of energy intake in relation to estimated energy requirements and between nutritional intake of certain macro or micronutrients with SMM. This study provides values of SMM for children. Children's adherence to a Mediterranean diet was not related to total SMM. At the same time, the consumption of excess calories or overeating is associated with SMM, with those children overeating more having lower SMM values. The differences in the intake of the other macro- and micronutrients were not associated with children's SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morales-Suarez-Varela
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillamon Escudero
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Agustin Llopis-Morales
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Agustin Llopis-Gonzalez
- Public Health and Environmental Care Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
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