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Guan K, Herold F, Owen N, Cheval B, Liu Z, Gerber M, Kramer AF, Taylor A, Paoli AD, Zou L. Prevalence and correlates of meeting 24-hour movement behavior guidelines among 8523 youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 57:101893. [PMID: 39121807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contemporary 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines provide recommendations on time spent on physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep (SL). There is evidence of physiological and psychological health benefits associated with meeting such guidelines. However, the prevalence of meeting 24-HMB guidelines among youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses is less clear. The primary purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to examine the prevalence of partially or fully meeting 24-HMB guidelines in U.S. youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses, and variations in meeting the guidelines by demographic, health status, and environmental attributes. METHODS Data from the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) yielded a target subpopulation of 8523 youth aged 6-17 years (54.22 % girls) prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. The representative sample of US children and adolescents was used to estimate the prevalence of meeting 24-HMB guidelines, and a multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the odds of meeting 24-HMB guidelines by demographic, health status, and environmental variables. RESULTS Overall, only 6.57 % met all three 24-HMB guidelines, 23.74 % did not meet any of the three 24-HMB guidelines, and 3.57 %, 10.88 %, and 29.98 % met single guidelines for physical activity, screen time, or sleep duration, respectively, while 25.27 % met any of two 24-HMB guidelines. Female participants were less likely to meet PA + SL guidelines (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI [0.38, 0.56]) but more likely to meet ST + SL guidelines (OR = 1.52, 95 % CI [1.20, 1.91]). Hispanic participants were less likely to meet PA + ST (OR = 0.28, 95 % CI [0.14, 0.52]) guidelines and all three guidelines (OR = 0.41, 95 % CI [0.23, 0.71]) while participants identified as black (OR = 0.33, 95 % CI [0.21, 0.51]) were significantly less likely to meet ST + SL guidelines. With respect to health status, overweight status, repeated/chronic physical pain, and born premature, were detrimentally associated with meeting two or more 24-HMB guidelines. Living in neighborhoods with parks or playgrounds and neighborhood safety were positively linked to meeting the guidelines while living in neighborhoods with sidewalks or walking paths was negatively linked to meeting PA + ST guidelines. CONCLUSION In U.S. youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses the prevalence of meeting all three 24-HMB guidelines was low, especially the low prevalence observed in female participants, Hispanic and black participants, participants with overweight status, repeated/chronic pain, born premature, living in neighborhoods with sidewalks. Policy makers should take initiative to promote integrated guidelines among this special age group for health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Guan
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Boris Cheval
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France; Laboratory VIPS2, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Zijun Liu
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alyx Taylor
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, AECC University College, Bournemouth, BH5 2DF, UK
| | | | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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López-Gil JF, Tapia-Serrano MA, Sevil-Serrano J, Sánchez-Miguel PA, García-Hermoso A. Are 24-hour movement recommendations associated with obesity-related indicators in the young population? A meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2727-2739. [PMID: 37726964 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the relationship between meeting all three 24-hour movement recommendations (i.e., physical activity, sleep duration, and screen time) and obesity-related indicators among young people. METHODS Four databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library). RESULTS Meeting the 24-hour movement recommendations was cross-sectionally associated with lower overall obesity-related indicators (r = -0.09, 95% CI: -0.11 to -0.06), but no longitudinal association was found. Regarding each obesity-related indicator separately, meeting all three recommendations was related to lower odds of overweight/obesity (odds ratio = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.76) and obesity alone (odds ratio = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.50). An inverse relationship between meeting 24-hour movement recommendations and BMI, BMI z score, waist circumference, and body fat was also found. Regarding subgroup analysis, the association between 24-hour movement recommendations and overall obesity-related indicators was similar regardless of sex, comparison used (meeting all three vs. not meeting [i.e., those who met zero to two of the movement behaviors] or meeting all three vs. none), and type of measure to assess 24-hour movement recommendations (i.e., self-reported or accelerometer-based measures). CONCLUSIONS Meeting all 24-hour movement recommendations may be a crucial factor in maintaining a healthy weight status in the young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco López-Gil
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Sevil-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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Marques A, Ramirez-Campillo R, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Tesler R, Marconcin P, Loureiro V, Peralta M, Sarmento H. 24-h Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity Indicators in Toddlers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 37184735 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging in physical activity increases energy expenditure, reducing total body fat. Time spent in sedentary behaviours is associated with overweight and obesity, and adequate sleep duration is associated with improved body composition. This systematic review aimed to analyse the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and obesity indicators in toddlers, children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception to December 2021. Cross-sectional and prospective studies that analysed the relationship between 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity written in English, French, Portuguese or Spanish were included. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022298316. RESULTS The associations between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and standardised body mass index were null in the two studies for toddlers. Seven studies analysed the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity among preschool children. Of these seven studies, six found no association between compliance with 24-h movement guidelines and body composition. Among children and adolescents, 15 articles were analysed. Of these 15 studies, in seven, it was found that children and adolescents who meet the 24-h movement guidelines were more likely to have lower risks of overweight and obesity. The meta-analysis yielded a pooled OR = 0.80 (95% CI = 0.68 to 0.95, p = 0.012, I2 = 70.5%) in favour of compliant participants. Regarding participants' age groups, compliance with 24-h movement guidelines seems to exert greater benefits on overweight and obesity indicators among children-adolescents (OR = 0.62, p = 0.008) compared to participants at preschool (OR = 1.00, p = 0.931) and toddlers (OR = 0.91, p = 0.853). CONCLUSION Most included studies have not observed a significant relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity in toddlers, children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal.
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Gérson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Riki Tesler
- School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
- KinesioLab Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Instituto Piaget, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vânia Loureiro
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Arts, Humanities and Sports, School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Bourke M, Haddara A, Loh A, Carson V, Breau B, Tucker P. Adherence to the World Health Organization's physical activity recommendation in preschool-aged children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of accelerometer studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:52. [PMID: 37101226 PMCID: PMC10132436 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that preschool-aged children should engage in 180 min of total physical activity (TPA) including 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) each day. No systematic reviews or meta-analyses have pooled adherence to the recommendation across multiple studies. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of preschool-aged children achieving the WHO's physical activity recommendation for young children, and determine if the prevalence differed between boys and girls. METHODS Primary literature searches were conducted on six online databases and a machine learning assisted systematic review was used to identify relevant studies. Studies written in English reporting on the prevalence of children aged 3-5 years achieving overall WHO physical activity recommendation or the individual TPA or MVPA aspects of the recommendation measured using accelerometers were eligible for inclusion. Random effects meta-analysis was used to determine the prevalence of preschools achieving the overall WHO recommendation and the individual TPA and MVPA aspect of the recommendation, and to determine difference in prevalence between boys and girls. RESULTS Forty-eight studies reporting on 20,078 preschool-aged children met the inclusion criteria. Based on the most commonly employed accelerometer cut-points across all aspects of the recommendation, 60% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 37%, 79%) of preschool-aged children adhered to the overall physical activity recommendation, 78% (95% CI = 38%, 95%) adhered to the TPA aspect of the recommendation, and 90% (95% CI = 81%, 95%) adhered to the MVPA aspect of the recommendation. There was substantial variability is prevalence estimates between different accelerometer cut-points. Girls were significantly less likely to achieve the overall recommendation and the MVPA aspect of the recommendation than boys were. CONCLUSIONS Although there was substantial variability in estimated prevalence of preschool-aged children adhering the WHO physical activity recommendation between various accelerometer cut-points, the weight of available evidence suggests that the majority of young children are adhering to the overall recommendation and the individual TPA and MVPA aspects of the recommendation. Large-scale, intercontinental surveillance studies are needed to further strengthen the evidence regarding the prevalence of preschool-aged children achieving physical activity recommendation globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bourke
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Ameena Haddara
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Aidan Loh
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Becky Breau
- Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Yin X, Li M, Zhang T, Zhang F, Guo Y, Sun P. Proportion of Chinese Children and Adolescents Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Associations with Overweight and Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1408. [PMID: 36674163 PMCID: PMC9859181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Since there is little knowledge about the 24-hour movement behaviors of Chinese children and adolescents, the purposes of this study were to investigate the proportion of Chinese children and adolescents meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and to further evaluate its relationship with overweight and obesity. Methods: A total of 440 children and adolescents aged 7−18 years from 7 cities in China were selected to measure physical activity using accelerometers, and sleep (SLP) and screen time (ST) using questionnaires. The data were analyzed with the independent T-test, Mann−Whitney U test, Cox−Stuart test, chi-square test, and logistic regression. Results: The proportion of Chinese children and adolescents meeting the overall 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was 7.3%. Boys (11.8%) were higher than girls (3.4%) (p < 0.001) and showed a downward trend with age (Ptrend = 0.03). The rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents who met the ST, MVPA + ST, ST + SLP, and MVPA + SLP + ST guidelines were 39%, 15%, and 36%, and 25% did not meet any guidelines. The rates of overweight and obesity among those who met 1, 2, and 3 guidelines were lower than the rate among those who did not meet any guidelines (odds ratio (OR) = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22−1.17; OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13−0.77; OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.07−0.81) and showed a decreasing trend (Ptrend = 0.006). Conclusions: The proportion of Chinese children and adolescents meeting the overall 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was low. The rate of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents who met the overall 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was the lowest compared with the rates among those who met any one or two. There was a dose−response relationship between the number of guidelines met and the overweight and obesity rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yaru Guo
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Pengwei Sun
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Carson V, Zhang Z, Predy M, Pritchard L, Hesketh KD. Adherence to Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among infants and associations with development: a longitudinal study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:154. [PMID: 36522740 PMCID: PMC9753321 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine: 1) longitudinal adherence to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in a sample of infants and 2) associations between adherence to the guidelines over time and development. METHODS Participants were 250 parent-infant dyads from the Early Movers project in Edmonton, Alberta. At 2, 4, and 6 months of age, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, and development were measured with a parental questionnaire that included items from the Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3). Parents also reported the dates six major gross motor milestones were acquired during the first 18 months of life according to World Health Organization criteria. In a sub-sample (n = 93), movement behaviours were also measured with a time-use diary at 2, 4, and 6 months and gross motor development was measured by a physiotherapist using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) at 6 months. Guideline adherence was defined as: 1) ≥ 30 min/day of tummy time, 2) no screen time, some reading time, no restrained bouts > 1 h (time-use diary only), and 3) 14-17 h (2 months) or 12-16 h (4 and 6 months) of sleep per 24-h period. Generalized estimating equations were conducted as well as linear mixed models and linear regression models that adjusted for demographic characteristics. RESULTS Few infants met the guidelines at all time-points (questionnaire: 2%; time-use diary: 0%). Infants that met a recommendation at 2 months, compared to those that did not, were 1.8-8.2 times more likely to meet that recommendation at subsequent time-points. Meeting more recommendations across time-points, according to both measures, was associated with a higher mean ASQ-3 gross motor score. Each additional time-point of tummy time recommendation adherence (questionnaire-measured) was associated with a 5-11-day earlier acquisition of independent sitting, crawling, and independent standing milestones. In the sub-sample, each additional time-point of guideline adherence was associated with a 16% higher AIMS score at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Guideline adherence was low across the first 6 months of infancy. Overall, meeting more recommendations over this period appeared important for gross motor development. Parents and caregivers should be targeted as early as possible with guideline dissemination and activation strategies to promote healthy infant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Madison Predy
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lesley Pritchard
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
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Rai J, Kuzik N, Carson V. Demographic, parental and home environment correlates of traditional and mobile screen time in preschool-aged children. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:544-551. [PMID: 34993994 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research on the correlates of screen time in young children, that could be targeted in future interventions to improve healthy development, has primarily focused on TV viewing with little consideration of mobile devices. The objectives of this study were to examine the associations between a range of demographic, parental, and home environment correlates and preschool-aged children's TV/video viewing, video/computer game playing, and total screen time across traditional and mobile devices. METHODS The results of this cross-sectional study are based on 106 preschool-aged children (3-5 years) and their parents recruited in 2018 in Edmonton, Alberta. Children's and parental demographic information, home characteristics, and information about parental and children's screen time use was measured using a parent questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression models were conducted. RESULTS Each additional hour/day of parental screen time was associated with 12 (95%CI = 5.2, 19.8) minutes/day of children's TV/video, 6 (95%CI = 1.5, 11.0), minutes/day of video/computer game playing, and 19 (95%CI = 8.9, 29.2) minutes/day of total screen time. Additionally, significant associations of technology interference and presence of electronics in the bedroom with children's screen time were attenuated in the multiple regression models. CONCLUSIONS Parental screen time appears important to target in future family-based screen time interventions and initiatives. Future studies should explore potential mediating or moderating variables between parental screen time and children's screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Rai
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicholas Kuzik
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Tapia-Serrano MA, Sevil-Serrano J, Sánchez-Miguel PA, López-Gil JF, Tremblay MS, García-Hermoso A. Prevalence of meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 387,437 participants and 23 countries. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:427-437. [PMID: 35066216 PMCID: PMC9338333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration) has been associated with positive health indicators. However, there are no previous meta-analyses that have examined the overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence across the world. Therefore, the main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the overall (non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among preschoolers, children, and adolescents worldwide. METHODS Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for quantitative studies published in Spanish and English between January 2016 and May 2021. Studies that were conducted with apparently healthy participants and reported the overall (non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in preschoolers and/or children and/or adolescents were included. RESULTS Sixty-three studies comprising 387,437 individuals (51% girls) aged 3-18 years from 23 countries were included. Overall, 7.12% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 6.45%-7.78%) of youth met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, and 19.21% (95%CI: 16.73%-21.69%) met none of the 3 recommendations. Concerning sex, adherence to all recommendations was significantly lower in girls (3.75%, 95%CI: 3.23%-4.27%) than in boys (6.89%, 95%CI: 5.89%-7.89%) (p < 0.001). However, there were no sex differences regarding adherence to any of the 3 individual recommendations (girls, 15.66%, 95%CI: 8.40%-22.92%; boys, 12.95%, 95%CI: 6.57%-19.33%). In terms of age group, adherence to the 3 recommendations was 11.26% (95%CI: 8.68%-13.84%), 10.31% (95%CI: 7.49%-13.12%), and 2.68% (95%CI: 1.78%-3.58%) in preschoolers, children, and adolescents, respectively. Conversely, 8.81% (95%CI: 5.97%-11.64%) of preschoolers, 15.57% (95%CI: 11.60%-19.54%) of children, and 28.59% (95%CI: 22.42%-34.75%) of adolescents did not meet any of the recommendations. South America was the region with the lowest adherence (all: 2.93%; none: 31.72%). Overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was positively related to country Human Development Index (β = -0.37, 95%CI: -0.65 to -0.09; p = 0.010). CONCLUSION Most young people fail to meet the three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, particularly adolescents, girls, and those who are from countries with a lower Human Development Index. Moreover, 1 in 5 young people did not meet any of these recommendations. Therefore, these results highlight the need to develop age- and sex-specific strategies to promote these movement behaviors from the early stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, S/N, Cáceres 10071, Spain
| | - Javier Sevil-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, S/N, Cáceres 10071, Spain
| | - Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, S/N, Cáceres 10071, Spain
| | - José Francisco López-Gil
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia (UM), San Javier 30720, Spain
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Hospital Complex (CHN), Pamplona 310008, Spain.
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9
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Chen Z, Chi G, Wang L, Chen S, Yan J, Li S. The Combinations of Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Sleep, and Their Associations with Self-Reported Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105783. [PMID: 35627320 PMCID: PMC9141237 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Much evidence has indicated that adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines (physical activity, screen time and sleep) is associated with physical health, while little is known about the adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines and self-reported physical fitness in adolescents. This study, therefore, aims to explore the association between the 24 h movement guidelines (in isolation or combination) and self-reported physical fitness in a sample of Chinese adolescents in an age range of 10-17. METHODS A convenient sample of 3807 children and adolescents from 12 schools was adopted in the present study. A questionnaire based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children was used to assess physical activity and screen time, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Scale was utilized to measure sleep duration. The International Fitness Scale was used to assess physical fitness in study participants. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines and self-reported physical fitness. RESULTS Of all study participants, 0.9% of them met the 24 h movement guidelines, and meeting the guidelines was significantly associated with higher levels of self-reported physical fitness. The analysis for the association between specific combinations of 24 h movement guidelines and self-reported physical fitness underscored the importance of meeting the physical activity recommendations. CONCLUSION Adherence to more recommendations contained in the 24 h movement guidelines was associated with higher self-reported physical fitness, especially cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength. Our study also stressed the importance of promoting moderate to vigorous physical activity in children and adolescents. Further works should focus on the association of a recommendation of adherence with other health indicators and replicate this study on larger samples among Chinese children and adolescents. Additionally, longitudinal or interventional studies that include more socio-demographic factors are needed to explore the association between 24 h movement guidelines and self-reported physical fitness, and the 24 h movement guidelines also should be promoted on a large scale in Chinese children and adolescents. Moreover, it is also needed to gain better insights into the directionality of the relationship between compliance with 24 h movement guidelines and self-reported physical fitness, as well as the mechanisms underlying the associations in Chinese children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuai Chen
- Faculty of Physical Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637001, China;
| | - Guijun Chi
- China Volleyball College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Department of Physical Education, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Jin Yan
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Shihao Li
- Department of Physical Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (S.L.)
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10
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McArthur BA, Volkova V, Tomopoulos S, Madigan S. Global Prevalence of Meeting Screen Time Guidelines Among Children 5 Years and Younger: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:373-383. [PMID: 35157028 PMCID: PMC8845032 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.6386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Pediatric guidelines suggest that infants younger than 2 years avoid screen time altogether, while children aged 2 to 5 years receive no more than 1 hour per day. Although these guidelines have been adopted around the world, substantial variability exists in adherence to the guidelines, and precise estimates are needed to inform public health and policy initiatives. OBJECTIVE To derive the pooled prevalence via meta-analytic methods of children younger than 2 years and children aged 2 to 5 years who are meeting guidelines about screen time. DATA SOURCES Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase up to March 2020. STUDY SELECTION Studies were included if participants were 5 years and younger and the prevalence of meeting (or exceeding) screen time guidelines was reported. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two independent reviewers extracted all relevant data. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to derive the mean prevalence rates. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of meeting screen time guidelines. RESULTS From 63 studies, 95 nonoverlapping samples with a total of 89 163 participants were included. For children younger than 2 years, the pooled prevalence of meeting the screen time guideline (0 h/d) was 24.7% (95% CI, 19.0%-31.5%). Moderator analyses revealed that prevalence of meeting screen time guidelines varied as a function of year of data collection (increased over time), measurement method (higher when questionnaires compared with interview), and type of device use (higher when a combination of screen use activities compared with television/movies only). For children aged 2 to 5 years, the mean prevalence of meeting the screen time guideline (1 h/d) was 35.6% (95% CI, 30.6%-40.9%). Moderator analyses revealed that the prevalence of meeting screen time guidelines varied as a function of type of device use (higher when screen time was television/movies only compared with a combination of screen use activities). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that only a minority of children 5 years and younger are meeting screen time guidelines. This highlights the need to provide support and resources to families to best fit evidence-based recommendations into their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brae Anne McArthur
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Valeriya Volkova
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Suzy Tomopoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine–Bellevue Hospital Center, New York
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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11
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Kim TV, Pham TND, Nguyen CLD, Nguyen TTD, Okely AD, Tang HK. Prevalence of Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Sleep, and Associations with Adiposity and Motor Development among Preschool-Age Children in Vietnam: The SUNRISE Vietnam Pilot Study. Indian J Pediatr 2022; 89:148-153. [PMID: 34406594 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-021-03895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Global childhood obesity is of great concern. In 2019, the World Health Organization released global guidelines on movement behaviors for the children under 5 y of age to combat this epidemic. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Vietnamese preschoolers meeting the guidelines, and examined whether guideline compliance is associated with adiposity and motor development. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 healthy preschoolers who were conveniently sampled from preschools in urban and rural areas around Ho Chi Minh city. Time spent in different intensities of physical activity and sedentary behavior was measured using Actigraph GT3X + accelerometers over three consecutive days. Sleep and screen time were obtained via parent questionnaires. Children were classified as meeting or not meeting the global guidelines. Height, weight, and motor skills were measured by the research staff. Regression models were applied to quantify the association between guideline compliance and adiposity and motor development, adjusting for age and sex. RESULTS While 17.5% of children met all three guidelines, 5.8% met no guidelines. The prevalences of children who met guidelines for physical activity time, sleep duration, and screen time were 50.4%, 81.4%, and 44.7%, respectively. There was no association between guideline compliance and adiposity and motor development. CONCLUSION This study found a low proportion of children who met the global guidelines, whereas a high proportion of those with overweight and obesity was reported. Health programs should promote more physical activities of various intensities in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh V Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Tin N D Pham
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Chi L D Nguyen
- Department of Medical Ethics-Laws-Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh T D Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Science and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Hong K Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
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12
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Gao W, Zhang Y, Wu D, Dong Y, Liu N, Wang H. Compliance with Health-Related Behaviors Guidelines and Its Relationship with Multiple Factors in Preschool Children Aged 3–6 Years: A National Cross-Sectional Survey in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031262. [PMID: 35162282 PMCID: PMC8835603 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the compliance rates of health-related behaviors among Chinese preschool children, and to explore how supportive family environment, parental behavior, sociodemographic and community factors affect children’s health-related behavior comprehensively. Method: Preschool children aged 3 to 6 years were chosen from 5760 villages (residential) committees from 471 counties (districts) of 31 provinces by use of a stratified random sampling procedure, with 10,967 preschool children aged 3–6 years old included. The survey was conducted from September 2020 to November 2020. Results: The proportion of Chinese preschool children who met the moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time behavior (ST), and sleep behavior (SLP) guidelines were 62.3%, 52.8%, and 53.8%. Among the supportive family environment factors, parents’ time with their children on weekends had the most significant impact on children’s MVPA, ST, and SLP, with the odds ratio (OR) values of 2.18 (95%CI:1.97, 2.40), 0.69 (0.63, 0.76), and 1.62 (1.48, 1.79), respectively. Among the parental behavior factors, the mother’s exercise frequency had a strong association with the children’s MVPA and SLP, with OR values of 1.65 (1.50, 1.83) and 1.24 (1.13, 1.37), respectively; the mother’s screen time was inversely associated with the children’s ST with an OR value of 0.47 (0.44, 0.51). Conclusions: Different types of family environments were associated with the different levels of MVPA, ST and SLP among Chinese preschool children. In addition to the influence of parents’ education and family income, parents could also improve their children’s behaviors by providing a supportive family environment. The more of these factors presented in a family, the more likely it was for children to meet the guidelines. Therefore, for those families whose children’s health-related behaviors needed to be improved, the parents should create supportive family environments, such as by playing less on mobile phone and spending more time with children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Gao
- National Fitness Survey Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- National Fitness Survey Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Dongming Wu
- National Fitness Survey Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Na Liu
- The Fifth Kindergarten of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Huan Wang
- National Fitness Survey Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-87182582
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13
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Byrne R, Terranova CO, Trost SG. Measurement of screen time among young children aged 0-6 years: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13260. [PMID: 33960616 PMCID: PMC8365769 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The impact of screen-based devices on children's health and development cannot be properly understood without valid and reliable tools that measure screen time within the evolving digital landscape. This review aimed to summarize characteristics of measurement tools used to assess screen time in young children; evaluate reporting of psychometric properties; and examine time trends related to measurement and reporting of screen time. A systematic review of articles published in English across three databases from January 2009 to April 2020 was undertaken using PROSPERO protocol (registration: CRD42019132599) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included articles measured screen time as outcome, exposure, or confounder in children 0-6 years. The search identified 35,868 records, 1035 full-text articles were screened for eligibility, and 622 met inclusion criteria. Most measures (60%) consisted of one to three items and assessed duration of screen time on a usual day. Few measures assessed content (11%) or coviewing (7%). Only 40% of articles provided a citation for the measure, and only 69 (11%) reported psychometric properties-reliability n = 58, validity n = 19, reliability and validity n = 8. Between 2009 and 2019, the number of published articles increased from 28 to 71. From 2015, there was a notable increase in the proportion of articles published each year that assessed exposure to mobile devices in addition to television. The increasing number of published articles reflects increasing interest in screen time exposure among young children. Measures of screen time have generally evolved to reflect children's contemporary digital landscape; however, the psychometric properties of measurement tools are rarely reported. There is a need for improved measures and reporting to capture the complexity of children's screen time exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Byrne
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Centre for Children's Health Research (CCHR)Queensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Caroline O. Terranova
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Centre for Children's Health Research (CCHR)Queensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Stewart G. Trost
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Centre for Children's Health Research (CCHR)Queensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
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14
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Zhang Z, Sousa-Sá E, Pereira JR, Okely AD, Feng X, Santos R. Correlates of Sleep Duration in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:407-425. [PMID: 32496141 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1772264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to summarize correlates of sleep duration in children under 5 years of age. METHODS Six electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) were searched from inception to May 2019. Observational studies and intervention studies reporting cross-sectional results from baseline data were considered. Data were extracted using a predesigned form and potential correlates were categorized following a sociological framework. RESULTS One-hundred and sixteen studies, representing 329,166 children, met the inclusion criteria, with a high risk of bias in 62 included studies. A total of 83 correlates of sleep duration were identified. Among the associations studied four or more times, correlates of nap duration were child's age and nighttime sleep onset/bedtime; correlates of nighttime sleep duration were household income, parent marital status, parental adiposity level, nighttime sleep duration at younger age, nighttime sleep onset/bedtime, nighttime sleep wakeup time, and frequency of current bedtime routine; correlate of total sleep duration was screen time. CONCLUSIONS Young children from low-income households, single families, or having overweight parents may be at risk for short sleep duration. Promoting healthy sleep duration from an early age appears essential. Effective practices may include encouraging an earlier bedtime, limiting screen time, and establishing a regular bedtime routine. The absence of consistent evidence in the psychological, cognitive, and emotional domain as well as the physical environmental domain warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Eduarda Sousa-Sá
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - João R Pereira
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,CIDAF (Uid/dtp/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia.,Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rute Santos
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologia, Lisboa, Portugal
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15
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Lee ST, Wong JE, Chan GKL, Poh BK. Association between Compliance with Movement Behavior Guidelines and Obesity among Malaysian Preschoolers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094611. [PMID: 33925298 PMCID: PMC8123584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A daily balance of physical activities, sedentary behaviors and sleep are important for maintaining the health of young children. The aim of this study is to explore the association between 24-h movement behavior of Malaysian children aged 4 to 6 years with weight status. A total of 230 preschoolers were recruited from 22 kindergartens in Kuala Lumpur. Physical activity was assessed by Actical accelerometer while screen time and sleep duration were proxy-reported by parents. Children spent on average 5.5 ± 1.3 h on total physical activity (including 1.0 ± 0.4 h of moderate- vigorous physical activity), 3.0 ± 1.6 h on screen activities and 9.5 ± 1.3 h sleeping daily. The proportion of children who complied with physical activity and sleep guidelines were 48.7% and 55.2%, respectively. About 25.2% of children met screen time recommendation. Only 6.5% of children met all three age-specific physical activity, screen time and sleep guidelines. Children who met any two guidelines were less likely to be overweight or obesity compared to those who did not meet any of the guidelines (OR: 0.276; 95% CI: 0.080–0.950). In conclusion, Malaysian preschoolers have low compliance to movement behavior guidelines, especially in meeting screen time recommendations. Compliance to movement behavior guidelines was associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoo Thien Lee
- Center for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (S.T.L.); (J.E.W.)
| | - Jyh Eiin Wong
- Center for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (S.T.L.); (J.E.W.)
| | - Geraldine K. L. Chan
- Center for Research in Development, Social and Environment (SEEDS), Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Bee Koon Poh
- Center for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (S.T.L.); (J.E.W.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Rollo S, Antsygina O, Tremblay MS. The whole day matters: Understanding 24-hour movement guideline adherence and relationships with health indicators across the lifespan. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 9:493-510. [PMID: 32711156 PMCID: PMC7749249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New research suggests that the composition (mix) of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health across the lifespan. Consistent with this integrated movement behavior paradigm, a number of countries across the world have developed and released 24-h movement guidelines for specific age groups. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors, or adherence to 24-h movement guidelines, and multiple health indicators across the lifespan. METHODS Five online databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Ovid MEDLINE) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and January 2020 that met the a priori inclusion criteria, with no study design limits. The methodological quality of research evidence for each individual study and for each health indicator was assessed by using a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist. RESULTS A total of 51 studies from 20 different countries met the inclusion criteria. A total of 31 studies examined adherence (meeting vs. not meeting) to 24-h movement guidelines, and 20 studies used compositional analyses to explore the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors. Findings indicated that meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were (1) not associated with adiposity among toddlers, (2) favorably associated with health-related quality of life, social-cognitive development, and behavioral and emotional problems among preschoolers, (3) favorably associated with global cognition, health-related quality of life, and healthy dietary patterns in children, and (4) favorably associated with adiposity, fitness, and cardiometabolic, mental, social, and emotional health among children and youth. Significant associations were also found between the composition of 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of (1) adiposity and bone and skeletal health among preschoolers, (2) health-related quality of life among children, (3) adiposity, fitness, and cardiometabolic, social, and emotional health among children and youth, (4) cardiometabolic health in adults, (5) adiposity and fitness among adults and older adults, and (6) mental health and risk of mortality among older adults. The quality of the available evidence ranged from poor to good. CONCLUSION The current evidence indicates that the composition of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health at all ages and that meeting the current 24-h movement guidelines is associated with a number of desirable health indicators in children and youth. Future studies should employ longitudinal and experimental designs, include valid and reliable measures of 24-h movement behaviors, and examine a wide array of health indicators across all age groups. Such studies would confirm the results from the primarily cross-sectional evidence drawn from studies included in our review and further advance our understanding of the relationships between 24-h movement behaviors and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Rollo
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Olga Antsygina
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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17
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Hui SSC, Zhang R, Suzuki K, Naito H, Balasekaran G, Song JK, Park SY, Liou YM, Lu D, Poh BK, Kijboonchoo K, Thasanasuwan W. The associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity in Asian Adolescents: The Asia-Fit Study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 31:763-771. [PMID: 33249648 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Less is known about how compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep affects adiposity in young people. The purposes of this study were to compare compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines in Asian adolescents and to examine the associations between compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines and body fat percentage. A sample of 12 590 adolescents aged 13.63 (± 1.01) years from eight Asian metropolitan cities including Bangkok (Thailand), Hong Kong SAR, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Seoul (South Korea), Shanghai (China), Singapore, Taipei (Taiwan), and Tokyo (Japan) completed interviewer-administered questionnaires to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA, recreational screen time, sleep duration, and covariates. Body fat percentage was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. We found that compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines differed in Asian adolescents across the eight cities. Adjusting for covariates, there was a negative association between number of the guidelines being met and body fat percentage in Asian adolescents. In addition, meeting only the sleep guideline and both the PA and sleep guidelines had negative associations with body fat percentage compared with no guidelines being met. Our findings improve the understanding about how compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines benefit a healthy body weight in adolescents, as well as contribute to development of evidence-based 24-hour movement guidelines for Asian young people. Future research is needed to gain better insights into the directionality of the associations between compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity, as well as the mechanisms underlying the associations in Asian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Sai-Chuen Hui
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Ru Zhang
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Koya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Govindasamy Balasekaran
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jong Kook Song
- School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Park
- Department of Physical Education, Yong In University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Yiing Mei Liou
- Institute of Community Health Care, School of Nursing and School Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dajiang Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bee Koon Poh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Delisle Nyström C, Alexandrou C, Henström M, Nilsson E, Okely AD, Wehbe El Masri S, Löf M. International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE): Results from SUNRISE Sweden's Pilot and COVID-19 Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228491. [PMID: 33207786 PMCID: PMC7698175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE) was initiated in response to the 2019 WHO guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep in children aged 0–5 years. This Swedish pilot study aimed to: (i) assess the proportion of preschoolers meeting the guidelines, (ii) evaluate the feasibility of the methods for the SUNRISE study, and (iii) assess how movement behaviors have been affected in preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity and sleep (waist-worn ActiGraph); screen time and movement behaviors (parental questionnaire); motor skills (Ages and Stages Questionnaire); and executive functions (3 iPad games) were assessed in 100 Swedish preschoolers (n = 58 boys). There were 19.4% of preschoolers (n = 14) who met the WHO guidelines. The motor skill and executive function assessments were feasible; however, 20% refused to wear the ActiGraph overnight. Additionally, during the pandemic Swedish children’s physical activity, time spent outside on weekdays and weekend days, and screen time significantly increased (+53; +124; +68; +30min/day, respectively, all p-values ≤ 0.001). Methods for the SUNRISE study were feasible in a Swedish context; however, considerations to switch to a wrist-worn accelerometer should be made. Furthermore, children’s physical activity increased during the pandemic, which is likely due to how the rules/restrictions were implemented in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Delisle Nyström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, NEO, Group MLÖ, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.A.); (M.H.); (S.W.E.M.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-76-401-4500
| | - Christina Alexandrou
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, NEO, Group MLÖ, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.A.); (M.H.); (S.W.E.M.); (M.L.)
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Maria Henström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, NEO, Group MLÖ, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.A.); (M.H.); (S.W.E.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Ellinor Nilsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Anthony D. Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Serina Wehbe El Masri
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, NEO, Group MLÖ, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.A.); (M.H.); (S.W.E.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, NEO, Group MLÖ, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.A.); (M.H.); (S.W.E.M.); (M.L.)
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
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Rhodes RE, Guerrero MD, Vanderloo LM, Barbeau K, Birken CS, Chaput JP, Faulkner G, Janssen I, Madigan S, Mâsse LC, McHugh TL, Perdew M, Stone K, Shelley J, Spinks N, Tamminen KA, Tomasone JR, Ward H, Welsh F, Tremblay MS. Development of a consensus statement on the role of the family in the physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behaviours of children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:74. [PMID: 32539730 PMCID: PMC7296673 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and youth who meet the physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behaviour recommendations in the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines are more likely to have desirable physical and psychosocial health outcomes. Yet, few children and youth actually meet the recommendations. The family is a key source of influence that can affect lifestyle behaviours. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process used to develop the Consensus Statement on the Role of the Family in the Physical Activity, Sedentary, and Sleep Behaviours of Children and Youth (0-17 years) and present, explain, substantiate, and discuss the final Consensus Statement. METHODS The development of the Consensus Statement included the establishment of a multidisciplinary Expert Panel, completion of six reviews (three literature, two scoping, one systematic review of reviews), custom data analyses of Statistics Canada's Canadian Health Measures Survey, integration of related research identified by Expert Panel members, a stakeholder consultation, establishment of consensus, and the development of a media, public relations, communications and launch plan. RESULTS Evidence from the literature reviews provided substantial support for the importance of family on children's movement behaviours and highlighted the importance of inclusion of the entire family system as a source of influence and promotion of healthy child and youth movement behaviours. The Expert Panel incorporated the collective evidence from all reviews, the custom analyses, other related research identified, and stakeholder survey feedback, to develop a conceptual model and arrive at the Consensus Statement: Families can support children and youth in achieving healthy physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours by encouraging, facilitating, modelling, setting expectations and engaging in healthy movement behaviours with them. Other sources of influence are important (e.g., child care, school, health care, community, governments) and can support families in this pursuit. CONCLUSION Family is important for the support and promotion of healthy movement behaviours of children and youth. This Consensus Statement serves as a comprehensive, credible, and current synopsis of related evidence, recommendations, and resources for multiple stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E. Rhodes
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3N4 Canada
| | - Michelle D. Guerrero
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
| | | | - Kheana Barbeau
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 9A8 Canada
| | - Catherine S. Birken
- SickKids Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Louise C. Mâsse
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute / School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Tara-Leigh McHugh
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H9 Canada
| | - Megan Perdew
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3N4 Canada
| | | | - Jacob Shelley
- Faculty of Law & School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 UK
| | - Nora Spinks
- The Vanier Institute of the Family, Ottawa, ON K2G 6B1 Canada
| | - Katherine A. Tamminen
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6 Canada
| | - Jennifer R. Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Helen Ward
- Kids First Parents Association of Canada, Burnaby, BC V5C 2H2 Canada
| | - Frank Welsh
- Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa, ON K1G 3Y6 Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
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Haegele JA, Zhu X, Healy S, Patterson F. Proportions of youth with visual impairments meeting 24-hr movement guidelines. Child Care Health Dev 2020; 46:345-351. [PMID: 31999004 PMCID: PMC7297407 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent movement behaviour guidelines prescribe the optimal time spent in physical activity, screen time, and sleep across a 24-hr period. The proportion of youth with visual impairments meeting 0, 1, 2, or all 3 of these 24 movement guidelines is unknown. The primary purpose of this observational, cross-sectional analysis was to examine the proportions of youth with visual impairments in the United States who partially or fully meet the physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration guidelines. A secondary purpose of this analysis was to examine whether demographic variables were associated with the odds of youth with visual impairments meeting these guidelines. METHODS This study included 561 youth with visual impairments from the 2016 to 2017 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Accounting for the NSCH sampling plan, Complex Samples was used to estimate the prevalence of meeting 24-hr movement guidelines, and a multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the odds ratio of guidelines met across different demographic factors. RESULTS Of the participants in this study, 18.7%, 50.7%, and 73.2% met physical activity, sleep, and screen time guidelines, respectively. Just 5.8% of the sample met all three of the 24-hr movement guidelines, whereas 10.6% did not meet any of the three guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of the sample meeting of all three guidelines was low, thus depriving the majority of this population of the physiological and psychological health benefits of meeting each guideline. Moreover, the study identifies physical inactivity as a key risk factor that requires attention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Haegele
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk,Virginia
| | - Xihe Zhu
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk,Virginia
| | - Sean Healy
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Freda Patterson
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
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21
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Ying L, Zhu X, Haegele J, Wen Y. Movement in High School: Proportion of Chinese Adolescents Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2395. [PMID: 32244641 PMCID: PMC7178222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were (a) to examine the proportions of adolescents in China who partially or fully meet three 24-h movement guidelines on physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration and (b) to examine whether there were gender differences in the proportion of boys and girls meeting these guidelines. The sample was made up of high school adolescents from an eastern province of China (N = 1338). The participants completed a self-reported survey on demographic variables and weekly health behaviors including physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration. A frequency analysis was conducted to summarize the number of 24-h movement guidelines met of the total sample and by gender; chi-squared tests were used to examine the gender differences in the proportion of students meeting different guidelines, independently and jointly. A high proportion of adolescents did not meet physical activity (97.2%, 95% CI = 96.2-98.0%), or sleep (92.1%, 95% CI = 90.6-93.5%) guidelines, but met screen-time (93.6%, 95% CI = 92.4-94.7%) guidelines. Overall, only 0.3% (95%CI = 0.1-0.6%) of the sample met all three guidelines, 8.8% (95%CI = 7.5-10.2%) met two, 85.8%% (95%CI = 84.0-87.4%) met one, and 5.1% (95%CI = 4.0-6.4%) met none. There was no statistically significant percentage difference between female and male participants in meeting physical activity, screen-time viewing, or sleep duration guidelines, independently or jointly (p values > 0.05). These figures of participants meeting all three guidelines or physical activity and sleep independently are much lower than many estimates in prior research internationally. Considerations to improve adherence to physical activity and sleep guidelines are critical in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ying
- School of Sport and Physical Education, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, Anhui Prov, China;
| | - Xihe Zhu
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (X.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Justin Haegele
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (X.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Yang Wen
- Center of Jiangsu Sports Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu Prov, China
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22
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Hinkley T, Timperio A, Watson A, Duckham RL, Okely AD, Cliff D, Carver A, Hesketh KD. Prospective associations with physiological, psychosocial and educational outcomes of meeting Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:36. [PMID: 32151254 PMCID: PMC7063763 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several countries have released movement guidelines for children under 5 that incorporate guidelines for sleep, physical activity and sedentary behavior. This study examines prospective associations of preschool children's compliance with the 24-Hour Australian movement guidelines (sleep, physical activity, screen time) and physiological, psychosocial and educational outcomes during primary school. METHODS Data were from the Healthy Active Preschool and Primary Years Study (Melbourne, Australia; n = 471; 3-5 years; 2008/9). Follow-ups occurred at 3 (2011/12; 6-8 years), 6 (2014/15; 9-11 years) and 7 (2016; 10-12 years) years post baseline. Multiple regression models assessed associations between compliance with guidelines at baseline and later outcomes. RESULTS Children were 4.6 years at baseline (53% boys; 62% high socio-economic families). Most children met physical activity (89%) and sleep (93%) guidelines; 23% met screen-time guidelines; and 20% met all guidelines at baseline. Meeting all of the three guidelines was associated with lower BMI z-scores at 9-11 years of age (b = - 0.26, 95%CI -0.47, - 0.05). Meeting physical activity guidelines was associated with higher total body bone mineral density (b = 0.64, 95%CI 0.15, 1.13), and total body bone mineral content (b = 183.19, 95%CI 69.92, 296.46) at 10-12 years of age. Meeting sleep guidelines was associated with better reading (b = 37.60, 95%CI 6.74, 68.46), spelling (b = 34.95, 95%CI 6.65, 63.25), numeracy (b = 39.09, 95%CI 11.75, 66.44), language (b = 44.31, 95%CI 11.77, 76.85) and writing (b = 25.93, 95%CI 0.30, 51.57) at 8-9 years of age. No associations were evident for compliance with screen-time guidelines or for psychosocial outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Compliance with different movement behavior guidelines was associated with different outcomes. Strategies to support children in meeting all of the guidelines are warranted to maximize health and educational outcomes. Future research investigating dose-response associations, and potential mechanisms, is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Hinkley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
| | - Amanda Watson
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rachel L. Duckham
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences (AMISS), St. Albans, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Anthony D. Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Dylan Cliff
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Alison Carver
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kylie D. Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
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23
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Guan H, Zhang Z, Wang B, Okely AD, Tong M, Wu J, Zhang T. Proportion of kindergarten children meeting the WHO guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep and associations with adiposity in urban Beijing. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:70. [PMID: 32061263 PMCID: PMC7023817 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-1969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background World Health Organisation (WHO) Guidelines on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep for Children under 5 Years of Age were released in 2019. The aim of this study was to examine the proportion of Chinese kindergarten children who met each individual guideline and each combination of the guidelines and the associations with adiposity. Methods Participants were 254 kindergarten children aged 4.1–6.3 years recruited from three kindergartens in urban area of Beijing. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep duration were assessed using 24-h accelerometry over three consecutive days. Screen time was reported by parents. Weight and height were measured; and children were categorised into normal weight and overweight/obese groups according to the WHO age- and sex- specific criteria. Frequency analyses were performed to examine the proportion of children meeting individual and combination of these guidelines. Logistics regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between guideline compliance and adiposity. Results The proportion of children who met the physical activity (≥ 3 h daily physical activity, including ≥1 h daily moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA)), sedentary screen time (< 1 h/day), and sleep guidelines (10-13 h/day) were 65.4, 88.2 and 29.5%, respectively; only 15.0% met all three guidelines and 2.7% did not meet any of the guidelines. Not meeting the physical activity guideline, sleep guideline, or combination of any two guidelines, or all three guidelines was not associated with overweight or obesity; however, children who did not meet the sedentary screen time guidelines were at higher risk for overweight and obesity (odds ratio = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.50–9.45). Conclusions In our study, only a small proportion of children met all three guidelines. Most Chinese kindergarten children met physical activity guidelines or screen time guidelines, whereas fewer children met sleep guideline. Not meeting sedentary screen time guidelines was associated with adiposity, which warrant further interventions for limiting screen time in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Guan
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Rd, Beijing, 100020, China. .,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Bo Wang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Rd, Beijing, 100020, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Beijing, China
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Keiraville, NSW, Australia
| | - Meiling Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Rd, Beijing, 100020, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Rd, Beijing, 100020, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Beijing, China
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24
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Leppänen MH, Ray C, Wennman H, Alexandrou C, Sääksjärvi K, Koivusilta L, Erkkola M, Roos E. Compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and the relationship with anthropometry in Finnish preschoolers: the DAGIS study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1618. [PMID: 31796014 PMCID: PMC6889540 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent 24-h movement guidelines for the early years established recommendations for physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep. To date, few studies have focused on compliance with meeting the guidelines and their associations with health outcomes. Thus, we aimed to investigate: 1) compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines, and 2) associations between compliance and anthropometry in Finnish preschoolers. Methods We utilized DAGIS survey data that were collected in 2015–2016 (N = 864). PA was assessed 24 h/day over 7 days using a waist-worn ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. ST and sleep were reported by the parents during the same 7 days. Anthropometry was assessed using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) and waist circumference (WC, cm). Children were classified as meeting the guidelines if they averaged ≥180 min/day of PA, which consisted of ≥60 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity; ≤60 min/day of ST; and 10–13 h/day of sleep. In total, 778 children (51% boys, mean age: 4.7 ± 0.9 years) were included in the study. The compliance with meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was calculated for each behavior separately and in combinations. Adjusted linear regression analyses were applied to examine associations of compliance with BMI and WC. Results Children were physically active on average 390 (±46.2) min/day and spent 86 (±25.5) min/day in moderate-to-vigorous PA. They spent 76 (±37.4) min/day on ST and had on average 10:21 (±0:33) h:min/day of sleep. The compliance rate in meeting all three movement guidelines overall was 24%. The highest compliance rate was found for PA (85%), followed by sleep (76%) and ST (35%). Meeting guidelines separately for PA or sleep, or for both, were associated with lower WC (PA: B = -1.37, p < 0.001; Sleep: B = -0.72, p = 0.009; PA + Sleep: B = -1.03, p < 0.001). In addition, meeting guidelines for sleep or for both PA and sleep were associated with lower BMI (Sleep: B = -0.26, p = 0.027; PA + Sleep: B = -0.30, p = 0.007). There were no significant associations found regarding ST. Conclusions Meeting recommendations for PA and sleep may have an important role in supporting a healthy weight status in young children. However, there is still a need to improve compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines, especially for ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja H Leppänen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Carola Ray
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heini Wennman
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christina Alexandrou
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Katri Sääksjärvi
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Koivusilta
- Department of Social Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Understanding Correlates of Physical Activity in American Indian Families: The Healthy Children Strong Families-2 Study. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:866-873. [PMID: 30336717 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about factors contributing to physical activity (PA) in American Indian (AI) populations. Addressing this gap is paramount as sedentary activity and obesity continue to increase in this population. The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with PA among AI families with young children. METHODS Height and weight of both adult (n = 423) and child (n = 390) were measured, and surveys assessed demographics, PA, stress (adult only), sleep, and screen time. Separate multivariate logistic regression models were constructed for adults and children (reported as adjusted odds ratios, aORs). RESULTS For adults, age (aOR = 0.952; P ≤ .001), television viewing (aOR = 0.997; P = .01), and computer use (aOR = 0.996; P = .003) decreased the odds of being active. For children, high adult activity (aOR = 1.795; P ≤ .01), longer weekday sleep (aOR = 1.004; P = .01), and family income >$35,000 (aOR = 2.772; P = .01) increased the odds of being active. We found no association between adult PA with stress or adult sleep or between child PA with body mass index and screen time. CONCLUSIONS Given the complexity of the factors contributing to obesity among AI families, multigenerational interventions focused on healthy lifestyle change such as decreasing adult screen time and increasing child sleep time may be needed to increase PA within AI families.
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