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Čelakovská J, Čermákova E, Boudková P, Andrýs C, Krejsek J. The association between expression of CD200 on B lymphocytes and the count of eosinophils and basophils in atopic dermatitis patients with and without dupilumab therapy - Pilot study. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112023. [PMID: 38603859 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophils and basophils are implicated in allergic reactions, and the molecule CD200 on B cells may have regulatory functions. Assessing the associations between the expression of CD200 on B lymphocytes and eosinophils and basophils helps unravel the complex immune interactions in atopic dermatitis, aiding in targeted therapeutic approaches. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between the count of eosinophils, basophils, CD16+ eosinophils, CD203+ basophils, the expression of activation marker CD200 on B cells and on their subsets in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis with and without dupilumab and in control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Altogether we examined 75 subjects: 45 patients suffering from atopic dermatitis -32 patients without dupilumab treatment, 13 patients with dupilumab treatment and 30 subjects as a control group. Immunophenotype was examined by flow cytometry in which monoclonal antibodies with fluorescent molecules were used. For statistical analysis we used non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis one-factor analysis of variance with post-hoc by Dunn's test with Bonferroni modification and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient with calculation of R2 (%, percent of Variation Explained). RESULTS In patients with dupilumab therapy we confirmed the association between absolute eosinophils and expression of molecule CD200 on total B lymphocytes (in 23.9 %), non-switched (in 27.2 %), naive (in 25 %) and memory (in 20.3 %) B lymphocytes and between relative eosinophils and expression of CD200 on total B lymphocytes (in 22.8 % %), non-switched (in 29 %), naive (in 21.3 %) and memory (in 22.3 %) B lymphocytes. This association is low in AD patients without dupilumab and even non linear in control healthy subjects. CONCLUSION The higher association between eosinophils and expression of CD200 molecule on memory, naive and non switched B lymphocytes in AD patients under dupilumab therapy suggests that activation of B lymphocytes is caused by IL-4, whose production involves eosinophils and the CD200 molecule on B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, 50002, Czech Republic.
| | - E Čermákova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, 50002, Czech Republic
| | - P Boudková
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, 50002, Czech Republic
| | - C Andrýs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, 50002, Czech Republic
| | - J Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, 50002, Czech Republic
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Lin H, Del Rio Castillo AE, González VJ, Bonaccorso F, Vázquez E, Fadeel B, Bianco A. Cytotoxicity assessment of exfoliated MoS 2 using primary human mast cells and the progenitor cell-derived mast cell line LAD2. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2419-2430. [PMID: 38694463 PMCID: PMC11059565 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00863k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide is an emerging 2D material with several potential applications in medicine. Therefore, it is crucial to ascertain its biocompatibility. Mast cells are immune cells that are found in many organs and tissues in contact with the extracellular environment, and can be cultured from progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Given the long period required for differentiation and proliferation of primary mast cells, human mast cell lines have emerged as a tractable model for biological and toxicological studies. Here, we compare two types of industrial MoS2 using CD34+-derived primary human mast cells and the LAD2 cell line. Minimal effects were observed on early-stage activation endpoints such as β-hexosaminidase release and expression of surface markers of mast cell activation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed limited uptake of the tested materials. Overall, MoS2 was found to be biocompatible, and the LAD2 cell line was validated as a useful in vitro model of mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lin
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | | | - Viviana Jehová González
- Biograph Solutions, Regional Institute of Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Chemistry Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real 13071 Spain
| | | | - Ester Vázquez
- Biograph Solutions, Regional Institute of Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Chemistry Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real 13071 Spain
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Nanosafety & Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet 177 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
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3
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Bergmann MM, Santos AF. Basophil activation test in the food allergy clinic: its current use and future applications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38591129 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2336568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The basophil activation test (BAT) has shown evidence of high sensitivity and high specificity to support the diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergy. It is a functional test that uses live cells analyzed by flow cytometry and thus needs to be performed within 24h of blood collection. BAT has shown to be reproducible and reliable when tested in a clinical diagnostic laboratory with standardized protocols and flow cytometry settings. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize the evidence to support clinical use of BAT and the next steps required for clinical implementation for an improve clinical care for patients with suspected IgE-mediated food allergy. EXPERT OPINION BAT has recently been included in Clinical Guidelines of Food Allergy Diagnosis and its implementation in clinical practice depends largely on availability. Proposed clinical applications of the BAT include: distinction between food allergy and asymptomatic IgE sensitization; determination of food allergic status to peanut, tree nuts and seeds in polysensitized children; evaluation of tolerance to baked egg and baked milk in egg and milk allergic children; identification of patients at high-risk of severe allergic reactions; monitoring for spontaneous resolution of food allergy; confirmation of eligibility for specific treatments of food allergy; prediction and monitoring of response to immunomodulatory treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel M Bergmann
- Pediatric allergy unit, Department of Women, Children and Adolescents, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Pediatrics, Centro Pediatrico del Mendrisiotto, Mendrisio, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra F Santos
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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4
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Wetten PA, Arismendi Sosa AC, Mariani ML, Vargas PM, Michaut MA, Penissi AB. Dehydroleucodine and xanthatin, two natural anti-inflammatory lactones, inhibit mast cell degranulation by affecting the actin cytoskeleton. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024; 81:215-226. [PMID: 37929805 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Actin remodeling is a critical regulator of mast cell secretion. In previous work, we have shown that dehydroleucodine and xanthatin, two natural α,β-unsaturated lactones, exhibit anti-inflammatory and mast cell stabilizing properties. Based on this background, this study aimed to determine whether the mast cell stabilizing action of these lactones is associated with changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Rat peritoneal mast cells were preincubated in the presence of dehydroleucodine or xanthatin before incubation with compound 48/80. Comparative studies with sodium cromoglycate and latrunculin B were also made. After treatments, different assays were performed on mast cell samples: β-hexosaminidase release, cell viability studies, quantification of mast cells and their state of degranulation by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and actin staining for microscopy observation. Results showed that dehydroleucodine and xanthatin inhibited mast cell degranulation, evidenced by the inhibition of β-hexosaminidase release and decreased degranulated mast cell percentage. At the same time, both lactones altered the F-actin cytoskeleton in mast cells resulting, similarly to Latrunculin B, in a higher concentration of nuclear F-actin when activated by compound 48/80. For the first time, this study describes the biological properties of dehydroleucodine and xanthatin concerning to the rearrangement of actin filaments during stimulated exocytosis in mast cells. These data have important implications for developing new anti-inflammatory and mast cell stabilizing drugs and for designing new small molecules that may interact with the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Wetten
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - María Laura Mariani
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia M Vargas
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Marcela Alejandra Michaut
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alicia Beatriz Penissi
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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O'Brien JA, Karrasch JF, Huang Y, Vine EE, Cunningham AL, Harman AN, Austin PJ. Nerve-myeloid cell interactions in persistent human pain: a reappraisal using updated cell subset classifications. Pain 2024; 165:753-771. [PMID: 37975868 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The past 20 years have seen a dramatic shift in our understanding of the role of the immune system in initiating and maintaining pain. Myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, and mast cells, are increasingly implicated in bidirectional interactions with nerve fibres in rodent pain models. However, our understanding of the human setting is still poor. High-dimensional functional analyses have substantially changed myeloid cell classifications, with recently described subsets such as epidermal dendritic cells and DC3s unveiling new insight into how myeloid cells interact with nerve fibres. However, it is unclear whether this new understanding has informed the study of human chronic pain. In this article, we perform a scoping review investigating neuroimmune interactions between myeloid cells and peripheral nerve fibres in human chronic pain conditions. We found 37 papers from multiple pain states addressing this aim in skin, cornea, peripheral nerve, endometrium, and tumour, with macrophages, Langerhans cells, and mast cells the most investigated. The directionality of results between studies was inconsistent, although the clearest pattern was an increase in macrophage frequency across conditions, phases, and tissues. Myeloid cell definitions were often outdated and lacked correspondence with the stated cell types of interest; overreliance on morphology and traditional structural markers gave limited insight into the functional characteristics of investigated cells. We therefore critically reappraise the existing literature considering contemporary myeloid cell biology and advocate for the application of established and emerging high-dimensional proteomic and transcriptomic single-cell technologies to clarify the role of specific neuroimmune interactions in chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden A O'Brien
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jackson F Karrasch
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Yun Huang
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Erica E Vine
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Anthony L Cunningham
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Andrew N Harman
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Paul J Austin
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
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6
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Wang J, Wu Y, Li X, Wang X, Yang S. Bergapten inhibits airway inflammation and MRGPRX2-mediated mast cells activation by targeting NR4A1. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111798. [PMID: 38442583 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a serious global health problem affecting 300 million persons around the world. Mast cells (MCs) play a major role in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation in asthma, their exact effector mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the inhibitory effect of Bergapten (BER) on MRGPRX2-mediated MCs activation through asthma model. Mouse model of asthma was established to examine the anti-asthmatic effects of BER. Calcium (Ca2+) influx, β-hexosaminidase and histamine release were used to assess MCs degranulation in vitro. RNA-Seq technique was conducted to study the gene expression profile. RT-PCR and Western Blotting were performed to examine targeting molecules expression. BER inhibited AHR, inflammation, mucous secretion, collagen deposition and lung MCs activation in asthma model. BER dramatically reduced levels of IL4, IL-5, and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as inflammatory cells. BER also reduced serum IgE levels. Pretreatment MCs with BER inhibited substance P (SP)-induced Ca2+ influx, degranulation and cytokines release from MCs. BER also reduced the phosphorylation levels of PKC, PLC, IP3R, AKT and ERK, which were induced by SP. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis showed that SP up-regulated 68 genes in MCs, while were reversed by BER. Among these 68 genes, SP up-regulated NR4A1 expression, and this effect was inhibited by BER. Meanwhile, knockdown of NR4A1 significantly attenuated SP-induced MCs degranulation. In conclusion, NR4A1 plays a major role in MRGPRX2-mediated MCs activation, BER inhibited AHR and inflammation in asthmatic model by inhibiting MCs activation through MRGPRX2-NR4A1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Shuanying Yang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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7
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Anber NH, Ahmed Shahin HE, Badawy HK, Oraby EA, Mohammed SA, Shaaban EIA, Attia ZR, Mohamed S, Shabana MF, El-Eshmawy MA, Elsayed R, Elsaid AM, Alalawy AI, Elshazli RM. Potential Impact of SOD2 (rs4880; p.Val16Ala) Variant with the Susceptibility for Childhood Bronchial Asthma. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10742-4. [PMID: 38522064 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a sophisticated situation that orignates from the accumulation of reactive free radicals within cellular compartments. The antioxidant mechanism of the MnSOD enzyme facilitates the removal of these lethal oxygen species from cellular components. The main goal of this pertained work is to study the contribution of the SOD2 (rs4880; p.Val16Ala) variant to the development of bronchial asthma among children. The study's design was carried out based on a total of 254 participants including 127 asthmatic children (91 atopic and 36 non-atopic) along with 127 unrelated healthy controls. Allelic discrimination analysis was executed using the T-ARMS-PCR protocol. This potential variant conferred a significant association with decreased risk of bronchial asthmatic children under allelic (OR = 0.56, P-value = 0.002), recessive (OR = 0.32, P-value = 0.011), and dominant (OR = 0.51, P-value = 0.040) models. Additionally, atopic and non-atopic asthmatic children indicated a protection against bronchial asthma development under allelic, and dominant models (p-value < 0.05). Our findings suggested that the SOD2*rs4880 variant was correlated with decreased risk of childhood bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla H Anber
- Department of Biochemistry, Emergency Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Elsayed Ahmed Shahin
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medial Sciences, Jouf University, ElQurayyat, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Maternity and Newborn Health Nursing, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Heba K Badawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Arish, Sinai, Egypt
| | - Enas A Oraby
- Department of Biochemistry, Emergency Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sameh A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa Ibrahim A Shaaban
- Department of Drug Delivery and Nano Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zeinab Rizk Attia
- Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shereen Mohamed
- Pediatric Department, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Farag Shabana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Adel El-Eshmawy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Riham Elsayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Afaf M Elsaid
- Genetic Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt.
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8
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Cardona V, Gil-Serrano J, Galván-Blasco P. [Anaphylaxis]. Med Clin (Barc) 2024; 162:297-302. [PMID: 37833106 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cardona
- Sección de Alergología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España.
| | - Johana Gil-Serrano
- Sección de Alergología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España
| | - Paula Galván-Blasco
- Sección de Alergología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España
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Akin C, Siebenhaar F, Wechsler JB, Youngblood BA, Maurer M. Detecting Changes in Mast Cell Numbers Versus Activation in Human Disease: A Roadblock for Current Biomarkers? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024:S2213-2198(24)00271-X. [PMID: 38467332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of mast cell (MC)-driven disorders is diverse, ranging from localized reactions to systemic disorders caused by abnormal accumulation and activation in multiorgan systems. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is critically important, both for informing treatment and objective assessment of treatment outcomes. As new therapeutics are being developed to deplete MCs or silence them (eg, by engaging inhibitory receptors that block activation), new biomarkers are needed that can distinguish between MC activation versus burden. Serum tryptase is the gold standard for assessing both MC burden and activation; however, commercial tryptase assays have limitations related to timing of release, lack of discernment between inactive (α) and active (β) forms of tryptase, and interpatient variability of baseline levels. Alternative approaches to measuring MC activation include urinary MC mediators, flow cytometry-based assays or gene expression profiling. Additional markers of MC activation are needed for use in clinical diagnostics, to help selection of treatment of MC diseases, and for assessing outcomes of therapy. We review the spectrum of disorders with known or suspected MC contribution, describe the utility and limitations of current MC markers and assays, and discuss the need for new markers that can differentiate between MC activation and burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joshua B Wechsler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Lin Y, Yang Y, Xiang N, Wang L, Zheng T, Zhuo X, Shi R, Su X, Liu Y, Liao G, Du L, Huang J. Characterization and trajectories of hematological parameters prior to severe COVID-19 based on a large-scale prospective health checkup cohort in western China: a longitudinal study of 13-year follow-up. BMC Med 2024; 22:105. [PMID: 38454462 PMCID: PMC10921814 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relaxation of the "zero-COVID" policy on Dec. 7, 2022, in China posed a major public health threat recently. Complete blood count test was discovered to have complicated relationships with COVID-19 after the infection, while very few studies could track long-term monitoring of the health status and identify the characterization of hematological parameters prior to COVID-19. METHODS Based on a 13-year longitudinal prospective health checkup cohort of ~ 480,000 participants in West China Hospital, the largest medical center in western China, we documented 998 participants with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 during the 1 month after the policy. We performed a time-to-event analysis to explore the associations of severe COVID-19 patients diagnosed, with 34 different hematological parameters at the baseline level prior to COVID-19, including the whole and the subtypes of white and red blood cells. RESULTS A total of 998 participants with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test were documented in the cohort, 42 of which were severe cases. For white blood cell-related parameters, a higher level of basophil percentage (HR = 6.164, 95% CI = 2.066-18.393, P = 0.001) and monocyte percentage (HR = 1.283, 95% CI = 1.046-1.573, P = 0.017) were found associated with the severe COVID-19. For lymphocyte-related parameters, a lower level of lymphocyte count (HR = 0.571, 95% CI = 0.341-0.955, P = 0.033), and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio (HR = 2.473, 95% CI = 1.009-6.059, P = 0.048) were found related to the risk of severe COVID-19. We also observed that abnormality of red cell distribution width (RDW), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and hemoglobin might also be involved in the development of severe COVID-19. The different trajectory patterns of RDW-SD and white blood cell count, including lymphocyte and neutrophil, prior to the infection were also discovered to have significant associations with the risk of severe COVID-19 (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings might help decision-makers and clinicians to classify different risk groups of population due to outbreaks including COVID-19. They could not only optimize the allocation of medical resources, but also help them be more proactive instead of reactive to long COVID-19 or even other outbreaks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Lin
- Department of Urology, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanyan Xiang
- Department of Urology, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Urology, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Information Technology, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Zhuo
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Information Technology, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Information Technology, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Su
- Department of Urology, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ga Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Du
- Department of Urology, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Urology, Innovation Institute for Integration of Medicine and Engineering, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Kotnik N, Langner A, Meyer NH, Pas HH, Gibbs BF, Meijer JM, Diercks GFH, Horváth B, Raap U. Infiltration analysis of eosinophils and basophils and co-expression of CD69, CD63, IL-31 and IgE in patients with bullous and non-bullous pemphigoid. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:e278-e281. [PMID: 37907267 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Kotnik
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Langner
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - N H Meyer
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - H H Pas
- Department of Dermatology, Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - B F Gibbs
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - J M Meijer
- Department of Dermatology, Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G F H Diercks
- Department of Dermatology, Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - B Horváth
- Department of Dermatology, Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - U Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergy, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Medical University, Oldenburg, Germany
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12
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Medina-Jiménez BI, Budd GE, Janssen R. Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:150. [PMID: 38326752 PMCID: PMC10848406 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum represents an emerging new model organism of arthropod evolutionary and developmental (EvoDevo) studies. Recent technical advances have resulted in the first single-cell sequencing (SCS) data on this species allowing deeper insights to be gained into its early development, but mid-to-late stage embryos were not included in these pioneering studies. RESULTS Therefore, we performed SCS on mid-to-late stage embryos of Parasteatoda and characterized resulting cell clusters by means of in-silico analysis (comparison of key markers of each cluster with previously published information on these genes). In-silico prediction of the nature of each cluster was then tested/verified by means of additional in-situ hybridization experiments with additional markers of each cluster. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that SCS data reliably group cells with similar genetic fingerprints into more or less distinct clusters, and thus allows identification of developing cell types on a broader level, such as the distinction of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal cell lineages, as well as the identification of distinct developing tissues such as subtypes of nervous tissue cells, the developing heart, or the ventral sulcus (VS). In comparison with recent other SCS studies on the same species, our data represent later developmental stages, and thus provide insights into different stages of developing cell types and tissues such as differentiating neurons and the VS that are only present at these later stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda I Medina-Jiménez
- Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Graham E Budd
- Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ralf Janssen
- Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden.
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13
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Mamazhakypov A, Maripov A, Sarybaev AS, Schermuly RT, Sydykov A. Mast Cells in Cardiac Remodeling: Focus on the Right Ventricle. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:54. [PMID: 38392268 PMCID: PMC10889421 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to various stressors, cardiac chambers undergo structural remodeling. Long-term exposure of the right ventricle (RV) to pressure or volume overload leads to its maladaptive remodeling, associated with RV failure and increased mortality. While left ventricular adverse remodeling is well understood and therapeutic options are available or emerging, RV remodeling remains underexplored, and no specific therapies are currently available. Accumulating evidence implicates the role of mast cells in RV remodeling. Mast cells produce and release numerous inflammatory mediators, growth factors and proteases that can adversely affect cardiac cells, thus contributing to cardiac remodeling. Recent experimental findings suggest that mast cells might represent a potential therapeutic target. This review examines the role of mast cells in cardiac remodeling, with a specific focus on RV remodeling, and explores the potential efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting mast cells to mitigate adverse RV remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Akpay S Sarybaev
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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14
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Clister T, Fey RM, Garrison ZR, Valenzuela CD, Bar A, Leitenberger JJ, Kulkarni RP. Optimization of Tissue Digestion Methods for Characterization of Photoaged Skin by Single Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Preferential Enrichment of T Cell Subsets. Cells 2024; 13:266. [PMID: 38334658 PMCID: PMC10854603 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthy human skin tissue is often used as a control for comparison to diseased skin in patients with skin pathologies, including skin cancers or other inflammatory conditions such as atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. Although non-affected skin from these patients is a more appropriate choice for comparison, there is a paucity of studies examining such tissue. This lack is exacerbated by the difficulty of processing skin tissue for experimental analysis. In addition, choosing a processing protocol for skin tissue which preserves cell viability and identity while sufficiently dissociating cells for single-cell analysis is not a trivial task. Here, we compare three digestion methods for human skin tissue, evaluating the cell yield and viability for each protocol. We find that the use of a sequential dissociation method with multiple enzymatic digestion steps produces the highest cell viability. Using single-cell sequencing, we show this method results in a relative increase in the proportion of non-antigen-presenting mast cells and CD8 T cells as well as a relative decrease in the proportion of antigen-presenting mast cells and KYNU+ CD4 T cells. Overall, our findings support the use of this sequential digestion method on freshly processed human skin samples for optimal cell yield and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri Clister
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.C.); (R.M.F.); (Z.R.G.); (A.B.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Rosalyn M. Fey
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.C.); (R.M.F.); (Z.R.G.); (A.B.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Zachary R. Garrison
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.C.); (R.M.F.); (Z.R.G.); (A.B.); (J.J.L.)
| | | | - Anna Bar
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.C.); (R.M.F.); (Z.R.G.); (A.B.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Justin J. Leitenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.C.); (R.M.F.); (Z.R.G.); (A.B.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Rajan P. Kulkarni
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.C.); (R.M.F.); (Z.R.G.); (A.B.); (J.J.L.)
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Operative Care Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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15
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López-Enríquez S, Múnera-Rodríguez AM, Leiva-Castro C, Sobrino F, Palomares F. Modulation of the Immune Response to Allergies Using Alternative Functional Foods. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:467. [PMID: 38203638 PMCID: PMC10779275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the allergic immune response through alternative therapies is a field of study that aims to address allergic reactions differently from traditional approaches. These therapies encompass the utilization of natural functional foods, which have been observed to exert an influence on the immune response, thus mitigating the severity of allergies. Indeed, some studies suggest that the incorporation of these nutraceuticals can regulate immune function, leading to a reduction in histamine release and subsequent alleviation of allergic symptoms. Moreover, certain herbs and dietary supplements, such as curcumin, are believed to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which may serve to moderate allergic responses. Although the results remain somewhat mixed and require further research, these alternative therapies exhibit the potential to impact the allergic immune response, thereby providing complementary options to conventional treatments. Therefore, in this review, we aim to provide an updated account of functional foods capable of modulating the immune response to allergies. In that sense, the review delves into functional foods sourced from plants (phytochemicals), animals, and marine algae. Emphasis is placed on their potential application in the treatment of allergic disorders. It also provides an overview of how these foods can be effectively utilized as functional foods. Additionally, it explores the molecular mechanisms and scientific validity of various bioactive natural compounds in the management of allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad López-Enríquez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Avenue Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Múnera-Rodríguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Avenue Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Camila Leiva-Castro
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Avenue Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Avenue Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisca Palomares
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Avenue Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
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16
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Guo X, Sun M, Yang P, Meng X, Liu R. Role of mast cells activation in the tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy of cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176103. [PMID: 37852570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The mast cell is an important cellular component that plays a crucial role in the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, numerous studies have indicated that mast cells related to tumors play a dual role in regulating cancers, with conflicting results seemingly determined by the degranulation medium. As such, mast cells are an ignored but very promising potential target for cancer immunotherapy based on their immunomodulatory function. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the roles and mechanisms of mast cells in diverse cancer types. Firstly, we evaluated the infiltration density and location of mast cells on tumor progression. Secondly, mast cells are activated by the TME and subsequently release a range of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, chemokines, and lipid products that modulate their pro-or anti-tumor functions. Thirdly, activated mast cells engage in intercellular communication with other immune or stromal cells to modulate the immune status or promote tumor development. Finally, we deliberated on the clinical significance of targeting mast cells as a therapeutic approach to restrict tumor initiation and progression. Overall, our review aims to provide insights for future research on the role of mast cells in tumors and their potential as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Zhang JF, Wang YD, Lin P, Li JC, Guo CQ, Zhai JB, Zhang Y. Efficacy and safety of Runzao Zhiyang capsule for chronic urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1200252. [PMID: 37693898 PMCID: PMC10491456 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a commonly seen skin disorder featured by recurring wheals, with or without angioedema, lasting for at least 6 weeks. Runzao Zhiyang capsule (RZC) has been widely applied to treat patients with CU. This study is aimed at systematically evaluating the efficacy and safety of RZC in treating CU. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of RZC on treating CU from Chinese and English databases were searched. Data were collected by two independent researchers. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was adopted for evaluating the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3 software. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were conducted by Stata 14.0 software. Results: Totally 27 studies were included in the analysis, involving 2,703 patients. The pooled results showed that compared with second-generation H1-antihistamines (sgAHs) therapy alone, RZC combined with sgAHs is more effective in improving the total effective rate (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.39, p < 0.00001), the quality of life measured by Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) (MD = -2.63, 95% CI: -3.68 to -1.58, p < 0.00001) and the serum IFN-γ level (SMD = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.58 to 4.62, p < 0.0001), and reducing the recurrence rate (RR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.55, p < 0.00001), the serum total IgE level (SMD = -2.44, 95% CI: -3.51 to -1.38, p < 0.00001), the serum IL-4 level (SMD = -2.96, 95% CI: -4.10 to -1.83, p < 0.00001), and the incidence of adverse events including dizziness, fatigue, dry mouth, and constipation (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.85, p = 0.009; RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.84, p = 0.01; RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.95, p = 0.03; RR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.85, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The current evidence indicates that RZC may be an efficient therapeutic regimen in patients with CU. Nevertheless, owing to the suboptimal quality of the included studies, more large-scale, well-designed RCTs are required to verify the obtained findings. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; Identifier: CRD42022313177.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Dong Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Chen Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen-Qi Guo
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Bo Zhai
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
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18
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Licari A, D'Auria E, De Amici M, Castagnoli R, Sacchi L, Testa G, Marseglia GL. The role of basophil activation test and component-resolved diagnostics in the workup of egg allergy in children at low risk for severe allergic reactions: A real-life study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e14012. [PMID: 37622260 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gold standard for diagnosing egg allergy in children is the oral food challenge (OFC). However, OFCs are time-consuming and risky procedures. Our study aimed to evaluate the utility of the basophil activation test (BAT) and component-resolved diagnostic in the diagnostic workup of children with egg allergy. METHODS Overall, 86 children aged 6 months to 17 years, suspected of egg allergy, underwent OFC with boiled egg according to international standardized protocols. BAT and specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) testing to component egg proteins (Gal d 1-4) were also performed. RESULTS Of the 22 children who reacted to boiled egg, only one experienced anaphylaxis during the challenge. BAT was performed in samples obtained by 75 of the 86 patients of our cohort. Egg white and yolk protein extracts induced CD63 upregulation in the egg-allergic (EA) children compared with sensitized children that tolerated boiled egg (we registered an overall mean of CD63 expression in the EA population of 44.4% [SD 34.1] for egg white and 34.7% [SD 31.3] for egg yolk vs. 12.5% [SD 19.1] and 10.0% [SD 16.0] in sensitized children). BAT could discriminate between true egg allergy and egg sensitization in our population. As a second-line diagnostic step, the positivity of BAT for egg white or Gal d 1-sIgE resulted in a 40.9% OFC reduction, especially for those with a positive outcome. CONCLUSION The BAT may be implemented in the diagnostic workup of egg allergy in children and, in a stepwise approach, separately or combined with Gal d 1-sIgE, may predict the allergic status and reduce the number of positive OFCs in children with egg allergy at low risk for severe reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Licari
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Pediatric Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Allergy Unit, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara De Amici
- Immuno-Allergology Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Pediatric Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Sacchi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory for Biomedical Informatics "Mario Stefanelli", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Testa
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Pediatric Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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19
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Ganguli MP, Dimov V. Chronic Urticaria Suspected to be Caused by a 13.5 mg Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device (Skyla®). Cureus 2023; 15:e42287. [PMID: 37609103 PMCID: PMC10440827 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a hive-like rash lasting over six weeks. Common associations include low vitamin D, thyroid autoantibodies, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, among others. Progesterone has been documented to trigger CU, by endogenous or exogenous progesterone. The use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) has been a popular source of birth control, with many containing progesterone. Although rarely reported, some patients have been seen to have an urticarial reaction after implantation of an IUD. Here, we present a case of a patient with progesterone-induced chronic urticaria, likely triggered by implantation of a 13.5 mg intrauterine device implant (Skyla®, Bayer, Whippany, NJ, USA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to report the association between Skyla® and chronic urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika P Ganguli
- Internal Medicine, Ross University School of Medicine, Bridgetown, BRB
| | - Vesselin Dimov
- Allergy and Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Hospital of Florida, Weston, USA
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20
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Parente R, Giudice V, Cardamone C, Serio B, Selleri C, Triggiani M. Secretory and Membrane-Associated Biomarkers of Mast Cell Activation and Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087071. [PMID: 37108232 PMCID: PMC10139107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells distributed in many organs and tissues and involved in the pathogenesis of allergic and inflammatory diseases as a major source of pro-inflammatory and vasoactive mediators. MC-related disorders are heterogeneous conditions characterized by the proliferation of MC within tissues and/or MC hyper-reactivity that leads to the uncontrolled release of mediators. MC disorders include mastocytosis, a clonal disease characterized by tissue MC proliferation, and MC activation syndromes that can be primary (clonal), secondary (related to allergic disorders), or idiopathic. Diagnosis of MC disorders is difficult because symptoms are transient, unpredictable, and unspecific, and because these conditions mimic many other diseases. Validation of markers of MC activation in vivo will be useful to allow faster diagnosis and better management of MC disorders. Tryptase, being the most specific MC product, is a widely used biomarker of proliferation and activation. Other mediators, such as histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes, and prostaglandin D2, are unstable molecules and have limitations in their assays. Surface MC markers, detected by flow cytometry, are useful for the identification of neoplastic MC in mastocytosis but, so far, none of them has been validated as a biomarker of MC activation. Further studies are needed to identify useful biomarkers of MC activation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Parente
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Division of Hematology and Transplant Center, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Chiara Cardamone
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Bianca Serio
- Division of Hematology and Transplant Center, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Division of Hematology and Transplant Center, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
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21
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Meyer A, Sienes RE, Nijim W, Zanotti B, Umar S, Volin MV, Van Raemdonck K, Lewis M, Pitzalis C, Arami S, Al-Awqati M, Chang HJ, Jetanalin P, Schett G, Sweiss N, Shahrara S. Syntenin-1-mediated arthritogenicity is advanced by reprogramming RA metabolic macrophages and Th1 cells. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:483-495. [PMID: 36593091 PMCID: PMC10314955 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-223284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Syntenin-1, a novel endogenous ligand, was discovered to be enriched in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) specimens compared with osteoarthritis synovial fluid and normal synovial tissue (ST). However, the cellular origin, immunoregulation and molecular mechanism of syntenin-1 are undescribed in RA. METHODS RA patient myeloid and lymphoid cells, as well as preclinical models, were used to investigate the impact of syntenin-1/syndecan-1 on the inflammatory and metabolic landscape. RESULTS Syntenin-1 and syndecan-1 (SDC-1) co-localise on RA ST macrophages (MΦs) and endothelial cells. Intriguingly, blood syntenin-1 and ST SDC-1 transcriptome are linked to cyclic citrullinated peptide, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ST thickness and bone erosion. Metabolic CD14+CD86+GLUT1+MΦs reprogrammed by syntenin-1 exhibit a wide range of proinflammatory interferon transcription factors, monokines and glycolytic factors, along with reduced oxidative intermediates that are downregulated by blockade of SDC-1, glucose uptake and/or mTOR signalling. Inversely, IL-5R and PDZ1 inhibition are ineffective on RA MΦs-reprogrammed by syntenin-1. In syntenin-1-induced arthritis, F4/80+iNOS+RAPTOR+MΦs represent glycolytic RA MΦs, by amplifying the inflammatory and glycolytic networks. Those networks are abrogated in SDC-1-/- animals, while joint prorepair monokines are unaffected and the oxidative metabolites are moderately replenished. In RA cells and/or preclinical model, syntenin-1-induced arthritogenicity is dependent on mTOR-activated MΦ remodelling and its ability to cross-regulate Th1 cells via IL-12 and IL-18 induction. Moreover, RA and joint myeloid cells exposed to Syntenin-1 are primed to transform into osteoclasts via SDC-1 ligation and RANK, CTSK and NFATc1 transcriptional upregulation. CONCLUSION The syntenin-1/SDC-1 pathway plays a critical role in the inflammatory and metabolic landscape of RA through glycolytic MΦ and Th1 cell cross-regulation (graphical abstract).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Meyer
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryan E Sienes
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wes Nijim
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian Zanotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Sadiq Umar
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael V Volin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Katrien Van Raemdonck
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Myles Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
- Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, Queen Mary University of London William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Shiva Arami
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mina Al-Awqati
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Huan J Chang
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Pim Jetanalin
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nadera Sweiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shiva Shahrara
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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22
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Liu JJ, Li X, Guo J, Yu S, Yang S. Role of GRPR in Acupuncture Intervention in the "Itch-scratch Vicious Cycle" Spinal Circuit of Chronic Pruritus. Chin Med 2023; 18:2. [PMID: 36597164 PMCID: PMC9809006 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many previous studies have shown the potential antipruritic effect of acupuncture. This paper reviews the antipruritic mechanisms of acupuncture according to these aspects: sample characteristics, detail of intervention, and effects evaluation. The majority of research on acupuncture's antipruritic effect has focused on primary afferents of the peripheral mechanism. Relatively few studies, however, have addressed the central mechanisms. Combination the latest research achievements of chronic itch, gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord may represent the first molecule identified that is dedicated to mediating the itch response and may provide an important therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pruritic conditions. Therefore, GRPR may be a new target for acupuncture to relieve itch in the future and provide new ideas for acupuncture intervention in the mechanisms of the spinal level of the "itch-scratch vicious cycle" of chronic itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-jia Liu
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Xuemei Li
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Jing Guo
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Shuguang Yu
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China ,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Acupuncture and Chronobiology, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Sha Yang
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China ,grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China
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23
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Akin C, Al-Hosni M, Khokar DS. Mast Cells and Mast Cell Disorders. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-8165-1.00044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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24
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Chang Y, Fan T, Huang J. Anemoside B4 protects against IgE-dependent allergic responses by suppressing the PLC/IP3 and JAK/STAT3 pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110153. [PMID: 36084722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anemoside B4 (AB4) is a natural triterpenoid abundant in the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis. Although various biological activities have been widely attributed to AB4, few studies have focused on its antiallergic effects. In this study the inhibitory effects of AB4 on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic responses were investigated, both in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanism of its effects. IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was used to elucidate the antiallergic effects of AB4 in vivo. The degranulation assay, calcium imaging, and cytokine and chemokine release in the laboratory of allergic disease 2 (LAD2) cell line were used to evaluate the antiallergic effect of AB4 in vitro. Pathological staining was performed to analyze angiectasis. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the downstream signaling pathways. AB4 dose-dependently attenuated ovalbumin/IgE-induced paw swelling in mice, and reduced the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and C-C motif chemokine 2. In addition, AB4 suppressed IgE-mediated LAD2 cell degranulation, calcium influx, and PLC/IP3 and JAK/STAT3 phosphorylation. Our results suggest that AB4 inhibits allergic reactions through the PLC/IP3 and JAK/STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ting Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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25
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Rujitharanawong C, Yoodee S, Sueksakit K, Peerapen P, Tuchinda P, Kulthanan K, Thongboonkerd V. Systematic comparisons of various markers for mast cell activation in RBL-2H3 cells. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 390:413-428. [PMID: 36125550 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mast cell activation plays a key role in various allergic diseases and anaphylaxis. Several methods/techniques can be used for detection of mast cell activation. However, there was no previous systematic evaluation to compare the efficacy of each method/technique. The present study thus systematically compared various markers for mast cell activation induced by IgE cross-linking. The widely used RBL-2H3 mast cells were sensitized with anti-DNP (dinitrophenyl) IgE overnight and activated with DNP-BSA (bovine serum albumin) for up to 4 h. The untreated cells and those with anti-DNP IgE sensitization but without DNP-BSA activation served as the controls. Intracellular calcium level gradually increased to ~2-fold at 1 h, reached its peak (~5-fold) at 2 h, and returned to the basal level at 3-h post-activation. The increases in cellular tryptase level (by Western blotting) (~0.3- to 0.4-fold) and average cell size (~2.5-fold) and decrease of nucleus/cytoplasm ratio (~0.4- to 0.5-fold) were marginal at all time-points. By contrast, β-hexosaminidase release and CD63 expression (by both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence detection/localization), secreted tryptase level (by Western blotting), and tryptase expression (by immunofluorescence detection/localization) stably and obviously increased (~10-fold as compared with the untreated control and sensitized-only cells or detectable only after activation). Based on these data, the stably obvious increases (by ≥ 10-fold) in β-hexosaminidase release, CD63 expression (by both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining), secreted tryptase level (by Western blotting), and tryptase expression (by immunofluorescence staining) are recommended as the markers of choice for the in vitro study of mast cell activation using RBL-2H3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuda Rujitharanawong
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Sueksakit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Papapit Tuchinda
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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26
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Protease Profile of Tumor-Associated Mast Cells in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168930. [PMID: 36012196 PMCID: PMC9408654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) produce a variety of mediators, including proteases—tryptase, chymase, and carboxypeptidases—which are important for the immune response. However, a detailed assessment of the mechanisms of biogenesis and excretion of proteases in melanoma has yet to be carried out. In this study, we present data on phenotype and secretory pathways of proteases in MCs in the course of melanoma. The development of melanoma was found to be accompanied by the appearance in the tumor-associated MC population of several pools with a predominant content of one or two specific proteases with a low content or complete absence of others. Elucidation of the molecular and morphological features of the expression of MC proteases in melanoma allows us a fresh perspective of the pathogenesis of the disease, and can be used to clarify MCs classification, the disease prognosis, and evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing antitumor therapy.
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27
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Zhao R, Han W, Tang K, Shao R, Zhu P, Zhang S, Xu P, He Y. Function of normal oral mucosa revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1481-1494. [PMID: 35894175 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The functions of oral mucosa include barrier, sensation, and secretion. The barrier protection function is particularly important, which includes physical barrier and immunological barrier. Few studies have revealed the function of oral mucosa by displaying the map of normal oral mucosal cells from the perspective of single cells. Here, single-cell transcriptome sequencing was used to bring a relatively comprehensive map of the normal oral mucosal cells. In total, 26,398 cells from three cases of normal oral mucosa were analyzed by single-cell RNA-sequencing and 14 distinct cell groups were defined, 7 of which were immune cells. We performed subgroup classification and heterogeneity analysis of epithelial cells, T cells, and macrophagocytes, which found a subpopulation of epithelial cells with high expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, a subpopulation CD8+ GZMK+ T cells, and two kinds of active macrophagocytes. Meanwhile, we identified ligand-receptor pairs among the major cell types to explore the interactions and how they maintain the homeostasis of normal oral mucosa. Based on these results, the epithelial barrier function, immunological barrier function, and potential maintenance function of stromal cells in the oral mucosa were described at the single-cell level, which provides basic data resources for further studies of oral mucosal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruowen Zhao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital & School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kailin Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital & School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruru Shao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingyi Zhu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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28
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Szittner Z, Péter B, Kurunczi S, Székács I, Horváth R. Functional blood cell analysis by label-free biosensors and single-cell technologies. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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29
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Liang X, Yang H, Luo X, Chen N, Ai Z, Xing Y, Huang W, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Yue X. Assessment of the allergenicity and antigenicity potential of enzymatically hydrolyzed cow milk. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Russo V, El Khatib M, Prencipe G, Citeroni MR, Faydaver M, Mauro A, Berardinelli P, Cerveró-Varona A, Haidar-Montes AA, Turriani M, Di Giacinto O, Raspa M, Scavizzi F, Bonaventura F, Stöckl J, Barboni B. Tendon Immune Regeneration: Insights on the Synergetic Role of Stem and Immune Cells during Tendon Regeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030434. [PMID: 35159244 PMCID: PMC8834336 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon disorders represent a very common pathology in today’s population, and tendinopathies that account 30% of tendon-related injuries, affect yearly millions of people which in turn cause huge socioeconomic and health repercussions worldwide. Inflammation plays a prominent role in the development of tendon pathologies, and advances in understanding the underlying mechanisms during the inflammatory state have provided additional insights into its potential role in tendon disorders. Different cell compartments, in combination with secreted immune modulators, have shown to control and modulate the inflammatory response during tendinopathies. Stromal compartment represented by tenocytes has shown to display an important role in orchestrating the inflammatory response during tendon injuries due to the interplay they exhibit with the immune-sensing and infiltrating compartments, which belong to resident and recruited immune cells. The use of stem cells or their derived secretomes within the regenerative medicine field might represent synergic new therapeutical approaches that can be used to tune the reaction of immune cells within the damaged tissues. To this end, promising opportunities are headed to the stimulation of macrophages polarization towards anti-inflammatory phenotype together with the recruitment of stem cells, that possess immunomodulatory properties, able to infiltrate within the damaged tissues and improve tendinopathies resolution. Indeed, the comprehension of the interactions between tenocytes or stem cells with the immune cells might considerably modulate the immune reaction solving hence the inflammatory response and preventing fibrotic tissue formation. The purpose of this review is to compare the roles of distinct cell compartments during tendon homeostasis and injury. Furthermore, the role of immune cells in this field, as well as their interactions with stem cells and tenocytes during tendon regeneration, will be discussed to gain insights into new ways for dealing with tendinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Mohammad El Khatib
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Prencipe
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Melisa Faydaver
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Adrián Cerveró-Varona
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Arlette A. Haidar-Montes
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Maura Turriani
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Oriana Di Giacinto
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Marcello Raspa
- National Research Council (CNR), Campus International Development (EMMA-INFRAFRONTIER-IMPC), Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (IBBC), 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy; (M.R.); (F.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Ferdinando Scavizzi
- National Research Council (CNR), Campus International Development (EMMA-INFRAFRONTIER-IMPC), Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (IBBC), 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy; (M.R.); (F.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabrizio Bonaventura
- National Research Council (CNR), Campus International Development (EMMA-INFRAFRONTIER-IMPC), Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (IBBC), 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy; (M.R.); (F.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (M.E.K.); (M.R.C.); (M.F.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.C.-V.); (A.A.H.-M.); (M.T.); (O.D.G.); (B.B.)
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31
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Sun X, Perl AK, Li R, Bell SM, Sajti E, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV, Misra RS, Deshmukh H, Clair G, Kyle J, Crotty Alexander LE, Masso-Silva JA, Kitzmiller JA, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Deutsch G, Guo M, Du Y, Morley MP, Valdez MJ, Yu HV, Jin K, Bardes EE, Zepp JA, Neithamer T, Basil MC, Zacharias WJ, Verheyden J, Young R, Bandyopadhyay G, Lin S, Ansong C, Adkins J, Salomonis N, Aronow BJ, Xu Y, Pryhuber G, Whitsett J, Morrisey EE. A census of the lung: CellCards from LungMAP. Dev Cell 2022; 57:112-145.e2. [PMID: 34936882 PMCID: PMC9202574 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The human lung plays vital roles in respiration, host defense, and basic physiology. Recent technological advancements such as single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic lineage tracing have revealed novel cell types and enriched functional properties of existing cell types in lung. The time has come to take a new census. Initiated by members of the NHLBI-funded LungMAP Consortium and aided by experts in the lung biology community, we synthesized current data into a comprehensive and practical cellular census of the lung. Identities of cell types in the normal lung are captured in individual cell cards with delineation of function, markers, developmental lineages, heterogeneity, regenerative potential, disease links, and key experimental tools. This publication will serve as the starting point of a live, up-to-date guide for lung research at https://www.lungmap.net/cell-cards/. We hope that Lung CellCards will promote the community-wide effort to establish, maintain, and restore respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Anne-Karina Perl
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Rongbo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sheila M Bell
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Eniko Sajti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ravi S Misra
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Hitesh Deshmukh
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Geremy Clair
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Kyle
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Laura E Crotty Alexander
- Deparment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jorge A Masso-Silva
- Deparment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph A Kitzmiller
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Gail Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, OC.8.720, 4800 Sand Point Way Northeast, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yina Du
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Valdez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haoze V Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kang Jin
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric E Bardes
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jarod A Zepp
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Terren Neithamer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jamie Verheyden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Randee Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sara Lin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Joshua Adkins
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jeff Whitsett
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to provide a better understanding of anaphylaxis pathophysiology and describe the underlying mechanisms, effector cells, and the potential biomarkers involved depending on the anaphylaxis endotypes. Recent Findings New insight into the potential relevance of pathways others than IgE-dependent anaphylaxis has been unraveled, as well as other biomarkers than tryptase, such as the role of platelet activation factor, basogranulin, dipeptidyl peptidase I, CCL-2, and other cytokines. Summary Gaining knowledge of all the mediators and cellular activation/communication pathways involved in each endotype of anaphylaxis will allow the application of precision medicine in patients with anaphylactic reactions, providing insights to the most appropriate approach in each case and helping to stratify severity and risk prediction.
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Toyama S, Tominaga M, Takamori K. Connections between Immune-Derived Mediators and Sensory Nerves for Itch Sensation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12365. [PMID: 34830245 PMCID: PMC8624544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although histamine is a well-known itch mediator, histamine H1-receptor blockers often lack efficacy in chronic itch. Recent molecular and cellular based studies have shown that non-histaminergic mediators, such as proteases, neuropeptides and cytokines, along with their cognate receptors, are involved in evocation and modulation of itch sensation. Many of these molecules are produced and secreted by immune cells, which act on sensory nerve fibers distributed in the skin to cause itching and sensitization. This understanding of the connections between immune cell-derived mediators and sensory nerve fibers has led to the development of new treatments for itch. This review summarizes current knowledge of immune cell-derived itch mediators and neuronal response mechanisms, and discusses therapeutic agents that target these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumika Toyama
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Mitsutoshi Tominaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.)
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.)
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
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Quoc QL, Bich TCT, Jang JH, Park HS. Recent update on the management of anaphylaxis. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2021; 8:160-172. [PMID: 34649404 PMCID: PMC8517462 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.21.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening systemic allergic reaction presenting various clinical manifestations. Its prevalence has increased in almost all age groups and both sexes. Food, venom, and drugs are major causes in both children and adults; a higher prevalence of food-induced anaphylaxis is noted in children, while a higher prevalence of drug-induced anaphylaxis is noted in adults. The pathogenic mechanism is mediated by immunologic and nonimmunologic mechanisms, where mast cells and basophils are key cells that release mediators. A diagnosis of anaphylaxis is mainly based on clinical symptoms and physical findings; however, an increased serum tryptase level is a useful biomarker. Epinephrine is the first-line drug to treat acute symptoms, and an epinephrine auto-injector should be prescribed for each patient. Antihistamines and systemic corticosteroids are used to relieve symptoms. This review updates current issues in the management of anaphylaxis as well as the new guidelines for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Luu Quoc
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tra Cao Thi Bich
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Qi Z, Xue Q, Wang H, Cao B, Su Y, Xing Q, Yang JJ. Serum CD203c+ Extracellular Vesicle Serves as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Succinylated Gelatin Induced Perioperative Hypersensitive Reaction. Front Immunol 2021; 12:732209. [PMID: 34650557 PMCID: PMC8505883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.732209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perioperative hypersensitivity reaction (HR) is an IgE-FcϵRI-mediated hypersensitivity reaction with degranulation and activation of mast cells and basophils. Several studies have focused on assessing the degranulation and activation of mast cells and basophils to diagnose and predict the prognosis of drug induced HR. However, it is challenging to isolate sufficiently pure mast cells and basophils from human sources to investigate. Effective biomarkers to assess mast cells and basophils activation in vivo could potentially have high diagnostic and prognostic values. In the present study, we investigated EVs pelleted from serum in patients with succinylated gelatin induced HR. Methods Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated using a total exosome isolation kit and ultracentrifugation, characterized by Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Basophils were isolated from fresh peripheral blood by negative selection using Basophil Isolation Kit II. Human mast cell line was stimulated with IL4. The expression levels of proteins related to the hypersensitive response were evaluated by Western blotting and flow Cytometer. Histamine and tryptase levels were tested using a commercial ELISA kit, and gene expression of inflammatory mediators was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of biomarker in predicting HR. Results The concentration of EVs and protein expression level of CD63, FcϵRI, CD203c and tryptase were significantly (p< 0.05) increased in HR samples. The expression level of mast cell/basophil specific CD203c were significantly increased in EVs derived from serum and basophils of HR patients, and the CD203c+-EVs production in mast cells is dramatically increased in the presence of IL4, which positively correlated with histamine, tryptase and inflammatory mediators. Moreover, the ROC curve of EVs concentration and CD203c expression indicated that CD203c+-EVs had a strong diagnostic ability for HR. Conclusion Serum CD203c+-EVs serves as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiong Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Su
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghe Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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36
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the review is to identify unmet needs in the management of anaphylaxis, covering aspects such as epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. RECENT FINDINGS Redefinition of clinical diagnostic criteria may allow a better identification of anaphylaxis. International diagnostic coding system improvement will be major step for future policies and epidemiological studies. Digital health can aid in managing anaphylaxis. SUMMARY Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency; current data show that frequently identification of the reaction, acute and long-term management, are not optimal. Therefore, there is a need to implement strategies to improve the situation. This review has identified unmet needs in anaphylaxis regarding aspects such as epidemiology, severity scoring, definition and diagnostic criteria, anaphylaxis in infants and toddlers, cofactors, biomarkers, long-term management, undertreatment and availability of epinephrine autoinjectors. Strategies focused on education, legislation, digital health and research are proposed.
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Guo X, Xu X, Li T, Yu Q, Wang J, Chen Y, Ding S, Zhu L, Zou G, Zhang X. NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation of Mast Cells by Estrogen via the Nuclear-Initiated Signaling Pathway Contributes to the Development of Endometriosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:749979. [PMID: 34630429 PMCID: PMC8494307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.749979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disease. The pathogenesis of endometriosis remains controversial, although it is generally accepted that the inflammatory immune response plays a crucial role in this process. Mast cells (MCs) are multifunctional innate immune cells that accumulate in endometriotic lesions. However, the molecular mechanism by which estrogen modulates MCs in the development of endometriosis is not well understood. Here we report that estrogen can induce the expression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) through estrogen receptor (ER)-α via the estrogen responsive element (ERE) in MCs. Such transcriptional regulation is necessary for the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of mature interleukin (IL)-1β in MCs. Targeted inhibition of NLRP3 significantly restrained lesion progression and fibrogenesis in a mouse model of endometriosis. Collectively, these findings suggest that MCs contribute to the development of endometriosis through NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by nuclear-initiated estrogen signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhang Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yichen Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningbo Institution of Medical and Science, Ningbo, China
| | - Shaojie Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Libo Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gen Zou
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinmei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu M, Lu J, Chen Y, Shi X, Li Y, Yang S, Yu J, Guan S. Sodium Sulfite-Induced Mast Cell Pyroptosis and Degranulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7755-7764. [PMID: 34191510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sodium sulfite, a common food additive, has been proved to cause allergic reaction. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death with plasma membrane lysis. In this study, we found that sodium sulfite triggered pyroptosis, which depended on reactive oxygen species (ROS)/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in RBL-2H3 mast cells. Sodium sulfite increased the generation of ROS and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, gasdermin D N-terminal (GSDMD-N), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-carnosine (NAC) and the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 reversed these effects. Furthermore, using a lactate dehydrogenase kit, propidium iodide staining, scanning electron microscopy, colocalization of GSDMD-N with histamine, and neutral red staining, we found that sodium sulfite notably induced cell membrane rupture. Because β-Hexosaminidase and histamine play a key role in allergic reactions, we detected the release of β-Hexosaminidase and histamine. The data showed that the release of β-Hexosaminidase and histamine induced by sodium sulfite was increased with dose independence, which were inhibited after treatment with NAC or MCC950. Overall, evidence suggested that pyroptosis induced by sodium sulfite may rupture the cell membrane and result in degranulation of mast cells. Our study may provide new insights for the mechanism by which sodium sulfite induces mast cell death and sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meitong Liu
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuelin Chen
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - YaZhuo Li
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Yang
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
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Imamura S, Washio K, Mizuno M, Oda Y, Fukunaga A, Nishigori C. Activated steady status and distinctive FcεRI-mediated responsiveness in basophils of atopic dermatitis. Allergol Int 2021; 70:327-334. [PMID: 33674191 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although basophils are considered to play an important role for maintenance of type 2 inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD), studies on basophils in AD patients are limited. Some studies have reported the activation status, including CD203c and CD63, of peripheral blood basophils in AD patients. METHODS We examined the features of circulating basophils in AD patients, assessed cell surface marker expressions and total serum IgE, and compared basophil responsiveness to stimulation between AD patients and healthy controls (HCs). In addition, the correlations among AD severity, laboratory factors, and features of basophils were examined. Blood samples from 38 AD patients and 21 HCs were analyzed. Basophil response markers CD203c and CD63, and expression of surface-bound IgE and FcεRI on basophils were measured. CD203c and CD63 expressions induced by stimulation with anti-IgE and anti-FcεRI antibodies were measured. Clinical/laboratory factors including total serum IgE were examined for correlations with these basophil parameters. RESULTS Baseline CD203c and CD63 expression on basophils were significantly higher in AD patients compared with HCs. The CD203c/CD63 response ratio to anti-FcεRI stimulation was higher than that to anti-IgE stimulation in AD patients, but not HCs. FcεRI expression on basophils was higher in AD patients than in HCs, although surface-bound IgE on basophils was equivalent. Total serum IgE had negative correlations with surface-bound IgE and CD63 responsiveness to anti-IgE stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Basophils were spontaneously activated under steady-state conditions in AD patients and responsiveness to anti-IgE stimulation was lower than in HCs. Despite high serum IgE and high basophil FcεRI expression, surface-bound IgE on basophils remained relatively low. Basophils might be suppressed or exhausted regarding FcεRI signaling via IgE in severe AD.
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[The basophil: From control of immunity to control of leukemias]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2021; 80:9-25. [PMID: 34051212 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The basophils, first described by Paul Ehlrich in 1879, are rare circulating cells, representing approximately 0.01 to 0.3% of the blood leukocytes. Until recently, these cells have been neglected because of their minority status among immune cells and because they show some similarities to mast cells residing in tissues. However, basophils and mast cells are now recognized as distinct cell lines and it appears that basophils have important and non-redundant functions, distinct from those of mast cells. On the one hand, basophils have beneficial contribution to protective immunity, in particular against parasitic infections. On the other hand, basophils are involved in the development of various benign and malignant pathologies, ranging from allergy to certain leukemias. Basophils interact with other immune cells or neoplastic cells through direct contacts or soluble mediators, such as cytokines and proteases, thus contributing to the regulation of the immune system but also to allergic responses, and probably to the process of neoplastic transformation. In this review, we will develop recent knowledge on the involvement of basophils in the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity. We will then describe the benign or malignant circumstances in which an elevation of circulating basophils can be observed. Finally, we will discuss the role played by these cells in the pathophysiology of certain leukemias, particularly during chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Histamine, mast cell tryptase and post-exercise hypotension in healthy and collapsed marathon runners. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:1451-1459. [PMID: 33629149 PMCID: PMC8373737 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heat stress exacerbates post-exercise hypotension (PEH) and cardiovascular disturbances from elevated body temperature may contribute to exertion-related incapacity. Mast cell degranulation and muscle mass are possible modifiers, though these hypotheses lack practical evidence. This study had three aims: (1) to characterise pre-post-responses in histamine and mast cell tryptase (MCT), (2) to investigate relationships between whole body muscle mass (WBMM) and changes in blood pressure post-marathon, (3) to identify any differences in incapacitated runners. METHODS 24 recreational runners were recruited and successfully completed the 2019 Brighton Marathon (COMPLETION). WBMM was measured at baseline. A further eight participants were recruited from incapacitated runners (COLLAPSE). Histamine, MCT, blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature and echocardiographic measures were taken before and after exercise (COMPLETION) and upon incapacitation (COLLAPSE). RESULTS In completion, MCT increased by nearly 50% from baseline (p = 0.0049), whereas histamine and body temperature did not vary (p > 0.946). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MAP) arterial blood pressures and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) declined (p < 0.019). WBMM negatively correlated with Δ SBP (r = - 0.43, p = 0.046). For collapse versus completion, there were significant elevations in MCT (1.77 ± 0.25 μg/L vs 1.18 ± 0.43 μg/L, p = 0.001) and body temperature (39.8 ± 1.3 °C vs 36.2 ± 0.8 °C, p < 0.0001) with a non-significant rise in histamine (9.6 ± 17.9 μg/L vs 13.7 ± 33.9 μg/L, p = 0.107) and significantly lower MAP, DBP and SVR (p < 0.033). CONCLUSION These data support the hypothesis that mast cell degranulation is a vasodilatory mechanism underlying PEH and exercise associated collapse. The magnitude of PEH is inversely proportional to the muscle mass and enhanced by concomitant body heating.
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Iwan K, Clayton R, Mills P, Csanyi B, Gissen P, Mole SE, Palmer DN, Mills K, Heywood WE. Urine proteomics analysis of patients with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. iScience 2021; 24:102020. [PMID: 33532713 PMCID: PMC7822952 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of 13 rare neurodegenerative disorders characterized by accumulation of cellular storage bodies. There are few therapeutic options, and existing tests do not monitor disease progression and treatment response. However, urine biomarkers could address this need. Proteomic analysis of CLN2 patient urine revealed activation of immune response pathways and pathways associated with the unfolded protein response. Analysis of CLN5 and CLN6 sheep model urine showed subtle changes. To confirm and investigate the relevance of candidate biomarkers a targeted LC-MS/MS proteomic assay was created. We applied this assay to additional CLN2 samples as well as other patients with NCL (CLN1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, and CLN7) and demonstrated that hexosaminidase-A, aspartate aminotransferase-1, and LAMP1 are increased in NCL samples and betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase-1 was specifically increased in patients with CLN2. These proteins could be used to monitor the effectiveness of future therapies aimed at treating systemic NCL disease. The urine proteome is altered in humans and animals with NCL Hexosaminidase A and LAMP1 are increased in patients with NCL Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 is elevated in CLN2 patients Proteins altered in CLN5 and CLN6 sheep models are not affected in humans
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Iwan
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Robert Clayton
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Philippa Mills
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Gissen
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Sara E Mole
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - David N Palmer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty, University Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Kevin Mills
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy E Heywood
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Section, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
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Estébanez B, Visavadiya NP, de Paz JA, Whitehurst M, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J, Huang CJ. Resistance Training Diminishes the Expression of Exosome CD63 Protein without Modification of Plasma miR-146a-5p and cfDNA in the Elderly. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020665. [PMID: 33669497 PMCID: PMC7922765 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-associated inflammation is characterized by senescent cell-mediated secretion of high levels of inflammatory mediators, such as microRNA (miR)-146a. Moreover, a rise of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is also related to systemic inflammation and frailty in the elderly. Exosome-mediated cell-to-cell communication is fundamental in cellular senescence and aging. The plasma changes in exercise-promoted miR-146a-5p, cfDNA, and exosome release could be the key to facilitate intercellular communication and systemic adaptations to exercise in aging. Thirty-eight elderly subjects (28 trained and 10 controls) volunteered in an 8-week resistance training protocol. The levels of plasma miR-146a-5p, cfDNA, and exosome markers (CD9, CD14, CD63, CD81, Flotillin [Flot]-1, and VDAC1) were measured prior to and following training. Results showed no changes in plasma miR-146a-5p and cfDNA levels with training. The levels of exosome markers (Flot-1, CD9, and CD81) as well as exosome-carried proteins (CD14 and VDAC1) remained unchanged, whereas an attenuated CD63 response was found in the trained group compared to the controls. These findings might partially support the anti-inflammatory effect of resistance training in the elderly as evidenced by the diminishment of exosome CD63 protein expression, without modification of plasma miR-146a-5p and cfDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brisamar Estébanez
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.); (C.-J.H.); Tel.: +34-987-29-1997 (B.E.); +1-561-297-1271 (C.-J.H.)
| | - Nishant P. Visavadiya
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (N.P.V.); (M.W.)
| | - José A. de Paz
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Michael Whitehurst
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (N.P.V.); (M.W.)
| | - María J. Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Chun-Jung Huang
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (N.P.V.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.); (C.-J.H.); Tel.: +34-987-29-1997 (B.E.); +1-561-297-1271 (C.-J.H.)
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Berger AE, Durrieu C, Dzviga C, Perrot JL, Lambert C. Human peripheral basophils extended phenotype shows a high expression of CD244 immuno-regulatory receptor. J Immunol Methods 2021; 492:112951. [PMID: 33493550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basophils play a major physio-pathological role in hypersensitivity related diseases. Basophils express high affinity Immunoglobulin (Ig) E receptors (FcεRI), IgG and complement regulatory. Basophils also have immunoregulatory activity through interaction with T cells. The aim of this study was to look for the expression of markers reflecting the activation status of peripheral Basophil in healthy donors. METHOD the study was performed on 29 healthy donors, 62% females with a mean age of 50.1 + 17.0 years. Basophils were identified on their expression of CD123 without HLA-DR and/or CD193 in two 8 colors panels including CD46, CD55, CD59, CD203c, CD32 (FcγRII), CD64 (FcγRIII), CD163, CD137L (4-1BBL), CD252 (OX40L), CD244 (2B4) and CD3 on whole blood. Basophil activation with anti IgE was performed on 14 donors. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Our results confirmed the Basophil expression of CD123, CD193 and CD203 (the latter is strongly increased under stimulation). Complement regulatory proteins (CD46, CD55, CD59) were expressed at the same levels as on other leukocytes; CD46, CD59 expression being slightly increased under stimulation. CD32 and CD163 scavenger were slightly higher than on lympho and not influenced by activation. CD252 or CD137L were expressed at low levels and significantly induced by stimulation. Most of all, CD244 was highly expressed on Basophils as compared to any other leukocytes in fresh peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that human resting Basophils express IgE and IgG Fc receptors and check point receptor CD244 that could potentially play a role in their previously reported immunoregulatory activity in sensitization and even in tumor immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Emmanuelle Berger
- Immunology laboratory, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, Cedex 2, France
| | - Coralie Durrieu
- Immunology laboratory, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, Cedex 2, France
| | - Charles Dzviga
- Allergology unit, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean-Luc Perrot
- Dermatology department, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, Cedex 2, France
| | - Claude Lambert
- Immunology laboratory, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, Cedex 2, France; Allergology unit, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, Cedex 2, France.
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Schoos AMM, Bullens D, Chawes BL, Costa J, De Vlieger L, DunnGalvin A, Epstein MM, Garssen J, Hilger C, Knipping K, Kuehn A, Mijakoski D, Munblit D, Nekliudov NA, Ozdemir C, Patient K, Peroni D, Stoleski S, Stylianou E, Tukalj M, Verhoeckx K, Zidarn M, van de Veen W. Immunological Outcomes of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:568598. [PMID: 33224138 PMCID: PMC7670865 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.568598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE-mediated food allergies are caused by adverse immunologic responses to food proteins. Allergic reactions may present locally in different tissues such as skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tract and may result is systemic life-threatening reactions. During the last decades, the prevalence of food allergies has significantly increased throughout the world, and considerable efforts have been made to develop curative therapies. Food allergen immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for food allergies that is based on the administration of increasing doses of culprit food extracts, or purified, and sometime modified food allergens. Different routes of administration for food allergen immunotherapy including oral, sublingual, epicutaneous and subcutaneous regimens are being evaluated. Although a wealth of data from clinical food allergen immunotherapy trials has been obtained, a lack of consistency in assessed clinical and immunological outcome measures presents a major hurdle for evaluating these new treatments. Coordinated efforts are needed to establish standardized outcome measures to be applied in food allergy immunotherapy studies, allowing for better harmonization of data and setting the standards for the future research. Several immunological parameters have been measured in food allergen immunotherapy, including allergen-specific immunoglobulin levels, basophil activation, cytokines, and other soluble biomarkers, T cell and B cell responses and skin prick tests. In this review we discuss different immunological parameters and assess their applicability as potential outcome measures for food allergen immunotherapy that may be included in such a standardized set of outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Marie Malby Schoos
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Sygehus, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Dominique Bullens
- Allergy and Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical Division of Pediatrics, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bo Lund Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Liselot De Vlieger
- Allergy and Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Audrey DunnGalvin
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child’s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Michelle M. Epstein
- Experimental Allergy Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence Immunology, Danone Nutricia research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Karen Knipping
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence Immunology, Danone Nutricia research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Annette Kuehn
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dragan Mijakoski
- Institute of Occupational Health of RNM, Skopje, North Macedonia
- Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius, University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Daniel Munblit
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child’s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikita A. Nekliudov
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child’s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child Health, Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Karine Patient
- SPI—Food Allergy Unit, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Diego Peroni
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sasho Stoleski
- Institute of Occupational Health of RNM, Skopje, North Macedonia
- Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius, University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Eva Stylianou
- Regional Unit for Asthma, Allergy and Hypersensitivity, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mirjana Tukalj
- Children’s Hospital, Department of Allergology and Pulmonology, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kitty Verhoeckx
- Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mihaela Zidarn
- University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
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Mast Cell Biology and Linkages for Non-clonal Mast Cell Activation and Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42399-020-00494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Orinska Z, Hagemann PM, Halova I, Draber P. Tetraspanins in the regulation of mast cell function. Med Microbiol Immunol 2020; 209:531-543. [PMID: 32507938 PMCID: PMC7395004 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-020-00679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are long-living immune cells highly specialized in the storage and release of different biologically active compounds and are involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. MC degranulation and replacement of MC granules are accompanied by active membrane remodelling. Tetraspanins represent an evolutionary conserved family of transmembrane proteins. By interacting with lipids and other membrane and intracellular proteins, they are involved in organisation of membrane protein complexes and act as "molecular facilitators" connecting extracellular and cytoplasmic signaling elements. MCs express different tetraspanins and MC degranulation is accompanied by changes in membrane organisation. Therefore, tetraspanins are very likely involved in the regulation of MC exocytosis and membrane reorganisation after degranulation. Antiviral response and production of exosomes are further aspects of MC function characterized by dynamic changes of membrane organization. In this review, we pay a particular attention to tetraspanin gene expression in different human and murine MC populations, discuss tetraspanin involvement in regulation of key MC signaling complexes, and analyze the potential contribution of tetraspanins to MC antiviral response and exosome production. In-depth knowledge of tetraspanin-mediated molecular mechanisms involved in different aspects of the regulation of MC response will be beneficial for patients with allergies, characterized by overwhelming MC reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Orinska
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.
| | - Philipp M Hagemann
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Ivana Halova
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Draber
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Serna-Duque JA, Esteban MÁ. Effects of inflammation and/or infection on the neuroendocrine control of fish intestinal motility: A review. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:342-356. [PMID: 32454211 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Food is the largest expense in fish farms. On the other hand, the fish health and wellbeing are determining factors in aquaculture production where nutrition is a vital process for growing animals. In fact, it is important to remember that digestion and nutrition are crucial for animals' physiology. However, digestion is a very complex process in which food is processed to obtain necessary nutrients and central mechanisms of this process require both endocrine and neuronal regulation. In this context, intestinal motility is essential for the absorption of the nutrients (digestive process determining nutrition). An imbalance in the intestinal motility due to an inadequate diet or an infectious process could result in a lower use of the food and inefficiency in obtaining nutrients from food. Very frequently, farmed fish are infected with different pathogenic microorganism and this situation could alter gastrointestinal physiology and, indirectly reduce fish growth. For these reasons, the present review focuses on analysing how different inflammatory molecules or infections can alter conventional modulators of fish intestinal motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon A Serna-Duque
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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Fastrès A, Pirottin D, Fievez L, Marichal T, Desmet CJ, Bureau F, Clercx C. Characterization of the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid by Single Cell Gene Expression Analysis in Healthy Dogs: A Promising Technique. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1707. [PMID: 32849601 PMCID: PMC7406785 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell mRNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a technique which enables unbiased, high throughput and high-resolution transcriptomic analysis of the heterogeneity of cells within a population. This recent technique has been described in humans, mice and other species in various conditions to cluster cells in populations and identify new subpopulations, as well as to study the gene expression of cells in various tissues, conditions and origins. In dogs, a species for which markers of cell populations are often limiting, scRNA-seq presents with elevated yet untested potential for the study of tissue composition. As a proof of principle, we used scRNA-seq to identify cellular populations of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in healthy dogs (n = 4). A total of 5,710 cells were obtained and analyzed by scRNA-seq. Fourteen distinct clusters of cells were identified, further identified as macrophages/monocytes (4 clusters), T cells (2 clusters) and B cells (1 cluster), neutrophils (1 cluster), mast cells (1 cluster), mature or immature dendritic cells (1 cluster each), ciliated or non-ciliated epithelial cells (1 cluster each) and cycling cells (1 cluster). We used for the first time in dogs the scRNA-seq to investigate cellular subpopulations of the BALF of dog. This study hence expands our knowledge on dog lung immune cell populations, paves the way for the investigation at single-cell level of lower respiratory diseases in dogs, and establishes that scRNA-seq is a powerful tool for the study of dog tissue composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Fastrès
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Pirottin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences and GIGA-Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Fievez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences and GIGA-Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences and GIGA-Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe J Desmet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences and GIGA-Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Bureau
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences and GIGA-Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile Clercx
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Passia E, Jandus P. Using Baseline and Peak Serum Tryptase Levels to Diagnose Anaphylaxis: a Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 58:366-376. [PMID: 32034676 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08777-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of anaphylaxis relies on a suggestive clinical history after exposure to a potential triggering factor. Serum tryptase concentrations increase on degranulation of mast cells and therefore serum tryptase levels are measured to diagnose anaphylaxis. There is no standardized method for assessing total serum mast cell tryptase (MCT) in anaphylaxis. The Working Conference in 2010 proposed a consensus equation (peak MCT should be > 1.2x baseline tryptase + 2 ng/L) to diagnose acute mast cell activation (aMCA). Our objective was to narratively review the literature since the Working Conference in 2010, examining the use of the consensus equation and other equations comparing baseline and peak serum tryptase during anaphylaxis. Computerized bibliographic searches of PUBMED and EMBASE were supplemented with a manual search of reference lists. English-language studies were included. Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria with a total of 4551 participants. However, only four studies with 653 participants used the consensus equation. The other seven studies used other methods to compare peak and baseline serum tryptase concentrations. Measuring serum tryptase levels is valuable in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis but is unable to detect all anaphylactic reactions. Based on our current literature review, the consensus equation is underused in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis. There is also a need for exploration of other biomarkers which could be used in parallel to peak and baseline serum tryptase measurements for further diagnostic certainty. Serum tryptase is the most studied biomarker in anaphylaxis but is still far from being the ideal biomarker for this. There is a need to identify new potential useful biomarkers. Serum tryptase levels are valuable in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis, but are unable to detect all anaphylactic reactions. Additionally serial tryptase measurements are laborious in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Jandus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland.
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